A CONTAINER FILLER

Abstract: An apparatus for filling containers with bulk material, comprising a conveyor (2) for feeding at least one row of successive adjoining containers (4) along a horizontal track underneath a downwardly opening reservoir (7) for filling material (8) arranged above said conveyor. At least the down­ stream edge of the lower opening of the reservoir, as viewed in the direction of transport, is adjustable in height. The lower opening of the reservoir is followed by a compacting device designed as a rubbing device having flexible strips (11) pressing on and brushing along the top of said containers.

Description: This invention relates to the filling of containers, in particular the filling of so-called seed plates or trays, used in plant nurseries and vegetable growing with potting soil, seed soil, rockwool or other cultivation medium as disclosed in US-A-3,571,971 (BROERSMA). According to this reference an apparatus for filling containers with bulk material comprises a conveyor for feeding at least one row of successive adjoining containers along a horizontal track underneath a downwardly opening reservoir for filling material arranged above said conveyor with at least the downstream edge of the lower opening of the reservoir, as viewed in the direction of transport being adjustable in height, there being arranged behind said lower opening of the reservoir a compacting device. By a seed tray is understood a flat, platelike container mostly having a plurality of conical cavities to be filled with soil and the like, with a plant seed being planted thereafter in each cavity. After a given growing period under accurately controlled conditions, the seedlings with attaching clods of earth can be planted out elsewhere for further growth. In the known device during the movement of e.g. seed trays underneath the lower opening of the reservoir, the cavities are automatically filled up with filling material and additionally a more or less thick layer of filling material is formed on the filled seed trays by means of the vertically adjustable edge of the lower opening of the reservoir. The material of this cover layer is pressed into the cavities of the seed trays by means of compacting means in the form of pressure rollers. The additional quantity of pressed material in the cavities determines the density of the material in the seed trays. The pressure rollers while pressing material of the cover layer into the cavities in a tray neccessarily compact material of the cover layer which is located above separating ridges between successive cavities in the tray. This compacted material is relatively difficult to remove by sweeping means downstream of the compacting means. It is an object of the present invention to provide a constructively simple apparatus of the subject kind wherein this disadvantage of the known apparatus is removed. To this end the apparatus is characterized by a compacting device which is designed as a rubbing device having flexible strips pressing on and brushing over the top of said containers. In this apparatus material of the cover layer is rubbed into the cavities by the flexible strips of the rubbing device, with the additional quantity of rubbed-in material determining the density of the material in the cavities of the seed trays. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rubbing device comprises a rotor rotatable about a vertical shaft, with the flexible strips being attached to rotor arms extending parallel to and being spaced above, the conveyor. Thus as the seed are advancing, the cavities therein can be swept many times by the flexible strips and a high degree of filling can be attained. For further control of the degree of filling, the rotor is preferably arranged to be driven at variable speed. In order to optimize the control of the degree of filling of the containers, the rotor may be operable in a laterally enclosed space having in at least one side wall an opening closable by an adjustable slide. By adjustment of the lateral discharge opening, any surplus material can be automatically discharged. For cleaning the container surfaces, there may be provided downstream of the rubbing device, a brush rotatable about a horizontal shaft and coacting with an inclined baffle, ensuring that filling material that has been brushed away cannot fall back onto the containers. The apparatus according to the present invention can be compact and can be made with a minimum of parts. For instance, in a rectangular box open at the top and at the bottom, arranged above a belt conveyor, a filling-material reservoir can be partitioned off by a transverse wall whose lower edge is adjustable in height, with the rotor shaft being mounted in the box behind the transverse wall and behind said rotor the brush, while in one of the side walls of said box, behind the transverse wall, the lateral discharge opening for excess material is provided. The filling principle on which the present invention is based is that an additional layer of filling material is provided on a seed tray or the like container whose cavities are filled up with filling material, which additional layer is subsequently rubbed into the cavities by a pressing and rubbing movement. One embodiment of the container filling apparatus according to the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. l is a diagrammatic, partly cross-sectional side view of the container filling apparatus; and Fig. 2 is a perspective detail view of the rotor. As shown in the drawings, the container filling apparatus comprises an endless belt conveyor 2 mounted on a frame l, the top part of said belt being drivable in the transport direction T. Arranged above said belt 2 is a rectangular box 3 adjustable in height in such a manner that various containers, such as seed trays 4, can be passed underneath box 3 on belt 2 with some clearance. In box 3 a reservoir 7 for filling material 8 is partitioned off by an inclined transverse wall 5 having a wall portion 6 slidable according to the double arrow S. Located behind said transverse wall 5, as viewed in the direction of transport T there is arranged a rubbing device in the form of a rotor with a vertical rotor shaft 9, arms l0 to which are attached flexible strips ll (see Fig. 2) and a drive motor l2. Behind the rubbing device 9-l2, there is mounted a brush l3 coacting with an inclined baffle l4. Fig. l shows in dotted lines a side opening l5 closable by a slide adjustable in height. The operation of the apparatus shown is as follows. On belt conveyor 2, first a number of seed trays 4 are successively, and in closed-up formation, pushed underneath box 3 until the foremost trays 4 are underneath the bottom opening of the reservoir 7. Then, filling material is deposited into reservoir 7, whereby the cavities l6 in the seed trays 4 located underneath the bottom opening of reservoir 7 are automatically filled and the entire top surface of trays 4 is covered with filling material. Upon further transport of trays 4 past reservoir 7, a layer of material remains on trays 4, whose thickness depends on the level of the lower edge of the transverse wall portion 6. This material is rubbed for the most part into the seed tray cavities l6 by the rotor 9, l0, ll operative behind the transverse wall 5, 6. The quantity of filling material per cavity l6 can thus be controlled in a simple manner by adjusting the height of the transverse wall portion 6, with the rotor speed being a further possibility of control. According as the flexible strips ll on the rotor arms l0 brush more often along the tray surfaces, more material is rubbed into cavities l6. Any large lumps of material are thereby automatically reduced in size. Finally, trays 4 are cleaned by brush l3 before emerging from underneath box 3, with the inclined baffle l4 preventing brushed away material from falling back onto trays 4. In the event that the transverse wall portion 6 is inadvertently adjusted too high, so that so much filling material remains on trays 4 that this cannot be rubbed into the cavities l6, the excess can be discharged automatically through the lateral discharge opening l5 adjustable by a slide. Adjustment of the opening l5 provides for an additional control of the degree of filling.

Claims: An apparatus for filling containers (4) with bulk materials (8), comprising a conveyor (2) for feeding at least one row of successive adjoining containers (4) along a horizontal track underneath a downwardly opening reservoir (3) for filling material arranged above said conveyor (2) with at least the downstream edge of the lower opening of the reservoir, as viewed in the direction of transport being adjustable in height, there being arranged behind said lower opening of the reservoir a compacting device (9 - 12), characterized in that said compacting device (9 - 12) is designed as a rubbing device having flexible strips (11) pressing on and brushing over the top of said containers (4). An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rubbing device (9 - 12) comprises a rotor rotatable about a vertical shaft (9), with the flexible strips (11) being attached to rotor arms (10) extending parallel to, and being spaced above, the conveyor (2). An apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the rotor (9 - 12) is drivable at variable speed. An apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the rotor (9 - 11) is operative in a laterally enclosed space having in at least one side wall an opening (15) closable by an adjustable slide. An apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein downstream of the rubbing device (9 - 12) there is arranged a device (13, 14) for removing excess filling material from the filled containers, characterized in that this is designed as a brush (13) rotatable about a horizontal shaft coacting with an inclined baffle (14) ensuring that material brushed off cannot fall back onto the container (4). An apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the conveyor is a belt conveyor (2) with a superposed box (3) open at its bottom, characterized in that in the box (3) a filling material reservoir (7) is partitioned off by a transverse wall (5, 6) whose lower edge is adjustable in height, said box (3) further mounting behind transverse wall (5, 6), the shaft (9) of the rotor (10) and behind the rotor (9, 10) is the brush (13), with the lateral discharge opening (15) being provided in one of the side walls of the box, behind transverse wall (5, 6). A method of filling containers, in particular for filling so-called seed plates or trays (4) used in plant husbandry and vegetable growing with potting soil, seed soil, rockwool or other cultivation medium, said trays (4) being flat, platelike containers having a plurality of downwardly tapering cavities (16) therein, wherein which comprises depositing excess filling material on said plates (4) so that said cavities (16) are filled up, strickling the filling material above said plates (4) to leave a metered layer on said plates and subsequently pressing the material of said layer into said cavities (16), characterized in that the pressing of excess material into the cavities (16) is effected by rubbing said material into the cavities.

Inventors: FLIER, LAMBERTUS
Applicants: MACHINEFABRIEK GEBR. FLIER B.V.
Application year: 1987
Main classification: A01G9
IPC codes: A01G9