CLOSURE AND ADJUSTMENT DEVICE, PARTICULARLY FOR SKI BOOTS

Abstract: The closure and adjustment device is particularly for ski boots comprising a front quarter (9) and a rear quarter (28) pivoted to a shell (7). The rear quarter (28) is connected to at least one mutually movable part of the boot through at least one connecting element. The rear quarter (28) and the connecting element are provided with a set of teeth (29) and a bar (26) respectively for the adjustment and locking of the position of the connecting element, for effecting adjustment of the closure of said quarters (9,28).

Description: The present invention relates to a closure and adjustment device, particularly for ski boots. The use in ski boots is currently known of individual devices for the adjustment of the inclination of the quarters or for the adjustment of the degree of fastening thereof or for the adjustment of the stroke, in the flexing phase, of the front quarter with respect to the base. Such known devices, if they are present in combination, are in any case independent from one another, and therefore require individual adjustments. The use of a plurality of individual devices applied to the boot furthermore creates the problem of their location also with respect to the dimensions and the final overall weight of the boot. FR-A-2 127 470 discloses a ski boot provided with a U-shaped band-like buckle which has two ends attached to the upper sides of the ski boot front quarter and which encompasses the upper part of the rear quarter to thereby close the quarters together around a users leg. The aim of the present invention is therefore to eliminate the disadvantages described above in known types, by devising a single device which allows to adjust both the closure of the quarters and the inclination thereof with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shell, as well as the flexing stroke of the front quarter. Within the scope of the aim described above, an important object is to provide a device which associates with the preceding characteristics that of increasing the lateral hold of the boot. Another important object is to provide a device which is structurally simple, rapid and easy to use. Not least object is to obtain a device which has modest costs and is therefore competitive from a merely economical point of view. The intended aim and objects, as well as others which will become apparent hereinafter, are achieved by a ski boot with closure and adjustment device as defined in the appended main claim 1. Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description of a preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment, illustrated only by way of non-limitative example in the accompanying drawings, wherein: Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a ski boot with a closure and adjustment device according to a first aspect of the invention; Fig. 2 is a lateral elevation view of the boot of fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a perspective detail view of the device; Fig. 4 is a detailed cross section view of a means for the adjustment of the flexing stroke; Fig. 5 is a view, in partial cross section, of a means for the adjustment of the extension; Fig. 6 is a schematic lateral elevation view of a boot with a device according to a second aspect of the invention; Fig. 7 is a cross section view along the line VII-VII of fig. 6; Figures 8 and 9 are cross section views of a detail of the device in two different operating positions; Fig. 10 is a perspective detail view of the device of fig. 6; Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a detail of the boot of fig. 6; Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a boot with a device according to a third aspect of the invention; Fig. 13 is a lateral elevation view of said boot; Fig. 14 is a perspective view of a detail of the device; Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the rear quarter of the boot; Fig. 16 is a cross section view of the rear quarter along a middle longitudinal plane; Fig. 17 is a lateral elevation view of a different arrangement of the device in the boot; Fig. 18 is a top view of an adjustment block; Fig. 19 is a lateral view of the adjustment block; Fig. 20 is another top sectional view of the adjustment block; Fig. 25 is a lateral elevation view of a boot with a device according to a fifth aspect of the invention; Fig. 26 is a cross section view along the line XXVI-XXVI of fig. 25; and Fig. 27 is a lateral elevation view of the shell of the boot. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS With reference to figures 1-5, the device 1 is composed of a pair of mutually identical rod-like elements, indicated by the reference numerals 2 and 3, each whereof is advantageously divided into a first half-element, indicated by the numerals 2a and 3a, and into a second half-element, indicated by the numerals 2b and 3b, idly pivoted to one another by means of a first small pivot 4. Each of said first half-elements 2a and 3a is composed of a first small rectilinear rod 5 one end whereof is idly pivoted, by means of a second small pivot 6, laterally with respect to the shell 7 at the tip region 8. A means for the adjustment of the flexing stroke of the front quarter 9 is rigidly associated with the other end of said first rod 5, said means consisting of a substantially cylindrical body 10, knurled externally and internally provided with a first axial cavity 11 and with a second axial cavity 12, said cavities being divided from one another by means of an axially foraminous dividing wall 13. A cylindrical helical compression spring 14 is arranged inside the first cavity 11 and interacts with a small plate 15 which is slideable within said cavity and is connected to the end of a second rectilinear rod 16 passes through the dividing wall 13, affecting the second cavity 12 and pivoted at its end to the second rod-like element. An adjustment ring 17 is associable with the second internally threaded axial cavity 12, and is provided with a complementarily threaded tang 18. Said ring 17 is provided with an axial seat 19 for the passage of the second ro16. The planar surface 20 of the head of the ring 17 interacts in abutment engagement with the ends 21 of the front quarter 9 facing towards the region of the tip 8, said front quarter having, at the ends 21, a thickness sufficient to interact with the ring 17. Each of the second half-elements 2b and 3b is instead composed of a first rod 22, pivoted at one end to the second small rod 16, which has a slightly curved shaped in the direction of the upper end of the boot, its free end being threaded. The second half-element 2b and 3b is also composed of a second small rod 23 also provided with an end threaded in the opposite direction with respect to the end of the rod 22, said end cooperating with a means for the adjustment of their distance, consisting of a sleeve 24 which is internally threaded in a single direction. Each of the non-threaded ends of the second rod 23 which constitutes said second half-elements 2b and 3b is pivoted, by means of a third small pivot 25, to a locking-unlocking element consisting of a bar 26 having an L-shaped cross section. Said bar is arranged transversely with respect to the boot and affects the rear region 27 of the rear quarter 28. A set of teeth 29 is associated with said rear quarter at said region, and is arranged longitudinally with respect to said quarter, with which interacts an adapted cam 30 which projects from the flap of the bar 26 which can be arranged approximately perpendicular to said set of teeth 29. Said set of teeth is obtained monolithically with the quarter or is added thereto. The use of the device 1 is thus as follows: once the skier has put the boot on, he can operate a rough adjustment of the fastening between the front quarter 9 and the rear quarter 28 by arranging the cam 30 of the bar 26 on the set of teeth 29 at the point corresponding to the optimum tensioning. This operation is facilitated by the fact that the second half-elements 2b and 3b are idly pivoted to the first half-elements 2a and 3a. The arrangement of the bar 26 furthermore allows to fasten the quarters, also constituting a rest for the rear quarter which is useful most of all during the phases of extension while skiing. The skier can subsequently rotate the sleeve 24 appropriately and therefore move mutually closer or further apart the threaded ends of the first small rod 22 and of the second small rod 23. This adjustment allows to vary by the desired angle the inclination of the front quarter 9 with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shell. While skiing, and in particular during flexing, the device 1 furthermore allows to adjust the forward stroke of the front quarter 9: first of all it is possible to define a stroke limit by appropriately screwing or unscrewing the ring 17, the distance between the planar surface 20 of its head or that of the end 21 of the front quarter defining the free excursion which can be performed by the latter. The presence of the small plate 15 at the end of the second rectilinear rod 16 allows, by virtue of the interaction with the spring 14, to dampen the stroke of the second rod 16. In order to allow a further sliding at the first half-elements 2a and 3a, a slot 31 is advantageously provided on the shell 7 and has the same longitudinal axis as said half-elements, within which said second small pivot 6 can idly slide. Figures 6-10 illustrate a device 101 according to another aspect of the invention, consisting of a single essentially U-shaped rod-like element 102, at the ends of its arms there protruding two teeth 132 which are arranged mutually facing and insertable in adapted seats provided laterally with respect to the shell 107 at the tip region 108. A locking-unlocking element is associated with the bar 126 which affects the rear region 127 of the quarter 128 and consists of a pawl 133 idly pivoted at one end to said bar 126. The other end of the pawl is externally threaded and interacts with a complementarily threaded bush 134 the head 135 whereof is shaped complementarily with respect to the individual seats of the set of teeth 129 provided on the rear quarter 128. Said set of teeth preferably constitutes a single element with the quarter 128 and has a curved profile with its center in the pivoting point of the teeth 132. This allows to easily rotate the element 102 during the operations of opening and closure of the quarters, these operations being rapid and easy for the skier, since he merely has to place the bush 134 in the most appropriate point in order to achieve the optimum fastening of said quarters. Moreover, by positioning the bar 126 more or less high with respect to the rear quarter 128 it is possible to vary the rear resting characteristics. Fig. 11 illustrates another embodiment of the rod-like element, consisting of a single element 102a, in the shape of a closed loop, the front end whereof is associable with a transverse seat 136 provided on the shell 107a at the tip region 108a. With reference to figures 12-17, the reference numeral 201 indicates a rear-entry ski boot consisting of a shell 202 whereto are hinged a front quarter 203 and a rear quarter 204. A first transverse set of teeth 206 is provided on said rear quarter in the rear region 205, and ends with an arrestor tooth 207 which protrudes from said quarter 204 from its end adjacent to the heel 208 of the boot 201. A safety element is furthermore associated with the quarter 204: in fact, transverse slots 209 are provided at said first set of teeth 206 and constitute seats for teeth 210, slideable therein and protruding therefrom, rigidly associated with a rigid body 211 arranged inside the quarter 204 and pivoted thereto at an end proximate to the arrestor tooth 207. An operating button 212 is provided at the other end of said rigid body 211 and protrudes outside the quarter 204 through an adapted opening 213 provided proximate to the upper end 214 of said quarter 204. The teeth 210 normally protrude out of the slots 209 by virtue of the presence of a first elastically deformable element 215 interposed between said quarter 204 and said rigid body 211. The closure device structure 216 comprises a rod-like element 217 consisting of a single bracket, provided with two lateral wings 218 and 219 each arranged to one side of said quarters 203 and 204, and with two cross-members, a front one 220 and a rear one 221 which faces said set of teeth 206. The cross-member 220 can be interrupted at the middle region. The front cross-member 220 is shaped so as to be removably and selectively pivotable to a second set of teeth 222 formed transversely with respect to said shell 202 proximate to the region 223 of the tip of the boot 201. A preferably rubber-covered roller 224 is instead pivoted between the wings 218 and 219, adjacent to the rear cross-member 221, and has such a diameter as to be arrangeable between two adjacent teeth 210. The roller 224, though it rotates in contact with the set of teeth 206 and with the teeth 210 during the lifting or the lowering of the rear cross-member 221, causes no scraping and facilitates the sliding. The adoption of elastic material allows to recover any mutual movements between the rear quarter 204 and the roller 224 while skiing. Advantageously, the rear cross-member 221 furthermore constitutes a grip handle for the skier. A second elastically deformable element 225 cooperates with the elastic return of the front quarter 203 during the extension phase, and is interposable between said shell 202 and said front quarter 203. This second elastically deformable element 225 can consist of a longitudinal tab of the front quarter, or of a small rubber block or of another technically equivalent element. The use of the structure of a closure device 216 initially entails the positioning of the front cross-member 220 at the second set of teeth 223. When the quarters are open, and therefore in the condition of maximum opening, the roller 224 abuts on the arrestor tooth 207 and thus prevents the excessive lowering of the rod-like element 217, thus allowing a good stride in walking. Once the quarters are moved close to one another, the skier positions the roller 224, raising, manually or by means of one other boot, the rear cross-member 221 along the set of teeth 206, so as to achieve the desired degree of fastening of said quarters. The presence of the teeth 210 allows to prevent any accidental uncoupling, intentional uncoupling being achieved by pressing the button 212 and then making said teeth 210 re-enter the slots 209. The possibility of varying the positioning of the front cross-member 220 on the second set of teeth 223, thus varying the pivoting point of the rod-like element 217, allows for example to obtain more or less marked degrees of fastening, or vice versa, keeping invariant the rigidity of the rear rest, which is given by the height of the roller on the rear quarter 204. The presence of the roller 224 furthermore allows not to subject to wear the rear region 205 of the quarter 204, the wings 218 and 219 conferring a considerable lateral rigidity to the boot. It is thus possible to obtain a greater sensitivity on the skis, imparted by the rod-like element 217 fixed to the shell 202 which transfers the rigidity to the upper part of the boot, increasing the arm of the transmission of the forces. Moreover, the rod-like element 217, as illustrated in fig. 17, can be provided with a portion 226 of the wings arranged at the inner lateral surface of the front quarter 203. This allows to improve the aesthetics of the boot 201 though keeping invariant the functional characteristics. Figures 18-20 illustrate another embodiment of the bracket 217, provided with the lateral wings 218a and 219a the rear ends whereof are associated with an adjustment block 221a which supports the roller 224a so as to allow the adjustment of its position along the wings of the bracket. The block 221a is provided with a framework 231a which rotatably supports a ring 233a; the ring 233a in turn engages a threaded bar 232a, arranged parallel to the lateral wings 218a and 219a of the brackets, so that by rotating the ring 233a the bar 232a is moved along a direction which is perpendicular to the rear surface of the quarter 204 provided with the set of teeth 206, the ring 233a being axially blocked. A roller 224a is connected to the end of the bar 232a facing the set of teeth 206, and consists of a supporting bar 235a fixed perpendicular to the bar 232a and supporting the rollers 236a. The supporting bar 235a is furthermore provided with its ends engaged in the slots 230 longitudinally provided on the wings 218a and 219a. In this manner, by rotating the ring 233a, the position of the roller 224a along the bracket 217 is adjusted, obtaining a further fine adjustment of the fastening of the quarters. Advantageously, the block 221a is furthermore provided with a covering shell 234a which has two symmetrical openings on the opposite sides, from which the ring 233a partially protrudes to allow its operation. Naturally the covering shell 234 is provided with an opening also at the roller 224a. Finally, figures 25-27 illustrate a closure and adjustment device according to yet another aspect of the invention. A rear-entry boot 401 comprises a rear quarter 404 and a front quarter 403 connected to a shell 402. The rear quarter 404 is provided, at its rear outer surface, with a transverse set of teeth 406 which can be, for example, similar to the set of teeth described in detail in figures 15-16. The shell 402 is provided, on each side, with a hole 416 wherein is inserted a stud 407 for the pivoting of the front quarter 403 and of the rear quarter 404. A slot 405, preferably in the shape of an arc of a circle having its center at the hole 416 is provided above the hole 416 and slightly advanced on said shell 402. The front quarter 403 is provided with a hole 408 at the slot 405 which is such that, by rotating said quarter around the stud 407, the hole 408 is always superimposed on the slot 405. A connecting rivet 409 is inserted in the hole 408 and in the slot 405; advantageously, both sides of the boot are provided with the abovementioned slot 405, hole 408 and rivet 409 so that the ends of a substantially U-shaped rod-like element, or bracket 417 are connected to the two rivets 409. The bracket 417 consists of two lateral wings 419, of which only one is visible in figure 25, rearwardly joined by a rear cross-member 421. Each of the lateral wings 419 is provided, as described above, with the front end pivoted to the rivet 409, and is preferably arranged between the shell 402 and the front quarter 403 as illustrated in figure 26. The rear portion of the flap 419 is instead arranged outside the rear quarter 404 so that the bracket 417 rearwardly embraces said quarter 404, so that the rear cross-member 421 is arranged at the set of teeth 406. A roller 424 is provided at the cross-member 421 and is adapted to interact with the set of teeth 406 to adjust the closure of the quarters as previously described in detail, with particular reference to figures 12-17. Also in this case, it is possible to provide at the cross-member 421 a block for the adjustment of the excursion of the roller similar to the one described in figures 18-20. The closure of the quarters and the adjustment of the securing occurs, as mentioned, in a manner fully similar to what has been described previously; furthermore, the front quarter remains rigidly associated with the rear quarter in rotation with respect to the pivoting stud 407, this rotation, that is to say forward inclination, being allowed by the presence of the slot 405. With this type of connection the degree of fastening of the quarters remains constant during flexing and, conversely, the angle of longitudinal inclination of the quarters with respect to the shell is independent from the degree of fastening of said quarters, in the case, for example, that between the front quarter and the shell a known inclination adjustment device is interposed. Moreover, the front quarter is provided with a good return capacity during the extension step since it is directly coupled to the bracket. In practice it has been observed that the invention, according to the various aspects described and illustrated, achieves the intended aim and objects by providing a device which allows the adjustment of the closure of the quarters with an easy and rapid operation, as well as the simultaneous adjustment of their inclination and flexing stroke. Moreover, the presence of a rigid element interconnecting the quarters and the shell confers a greater overall rigidity to the boot, thus obtaining a good resistance to lateral splayings of the front quarter and a good rear hold, as well as an excellent transmission of lateral stresses. The greater overall rigidity of the boot thus structured allows the possible reduction of the thicknesses of the shell and of the quarters, allowing a considerable reduction in weight. Finally, the structural simplicity of the device associates an appealing aesthetic aspect to simplicity and reliability in use. The device thus conceived is susceptible to numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the inventive concept; moreover, all the details may be replaced with technically equivalent elements. In practice, the materials employed, as well as the dimensions, may be any according to the requirements and to the state of the art.

Claims: A ski boot with closure and adjustment device, said ski boot comprising a shell (7;107;202;402), and a front quarter (9;203) and a rear quarter (28;128;204;404) both pivoted to said shell, characterized in that said closure and adjustment device comprises at least one connecting element (1;102;217;417) interconnected between said rear quarter and said shell, said at least one connecting element being pivoted at a substantially forward portion of said shell and said connecting element extending in a direction from said rear quarter via said front quarter to the point at which it is pivoted to the shell in order to close said quarters together, said closure and adjustment device further comprising means (24,26,29,30; 129,133-135; 206,220,222,224,232,233; 406,424) for the adjustment and locking of the position of said connecting element on the rear quarter and/or shell for an adjustment of the closure of said quarters. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said connecting element (1) comprises a pair of rod-like elements (2, 3), identical to one another, each of which consists of a first rod-like half-element (2a, 3a) and of a second rod-like half-element (2b, 3b) pivoted to one another by means of a first small pivot (4). Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said first half-element (2a, 3a) comprises a first rectilinear rod (5) a first end whereof is idly pivoted laterally with respect to the shell proximate to the rear region of the tip (8) by means of an adapted second small pivot (6) accommodated and slideable within an adapted slot (31) provided on said shell (7). Device according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that said first small rod (5) is provided with a second end rigidly associated with a cylindrical body (10) having a knurled external lateral surface and, internally, a first axial cavity (11) and a second axial cavity (12), said cavities (11, 12) being divided by means of a dividing wall (13) provided with an axial hole, said second axial cavity (12) being internally threaded. Device according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that with said second axial cavity (12) of said body (10) there is associable an adjustment ring (17) provided with a complimentarily threaded external tang (18), said ring (17) having an axial seat (19) and a planar surface (20), said planar surface interacting in abutment with the end (21) of said front quarter (9) facing said tip (8). Device according to claims 1, 4 and 5, characterized in that said first rod-like half-element (2a, 3a) comprises a second rectilinear rod (16) slideable in the axial seat (19) of said adjustment ring (17) and in said hole of said dividing wall (13), said second rod (16) having an end internal to said first axial cavity (11), with said end there being rigidly associated a small plate (15) which interacts with an elastic element (14) arranged inside said first cavity (11). Device according to claims 1 and 6, characterized in that a second end of said second rod (16) is idly pivoted by means of said first small pivot (4) to said second rod-like half-element (2b, 3b). Device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that said second rod-like half-element (2b, 3b) comprises a first small rod (22) and a second small rod (23) having an end threaded according to a mutually opposite direction, said ends of said first rod and said second rod being associated with a threaded sleeve (24). Device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that between the non-threaded ends of said second small rods (23) of each of said second rod-like half-elements (2b, 3b) a locking-unlocking element is idly pivoted by means of a third small pivot (25) and consists of a bar (26) having an L-shaped transverse cross section and being provided with a protruding cam (30), said cam (30) interacting with a set of teeth (29) arranged longitudinally at the rear region (27) of said rear quarter (28). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said connecting element comprises a rod-like element (102), preferably U-shaped and having two lateral wings connected by a bar (126), at the ends of said wings of said element (102) there projecting two teeth (132), arranged facing one another, insertable in an adapted seat provided laterally with respect to said shell (107) at the tip region (108). Device according to claims 1 and 10, characterized in that with said bar (126) which affects the rear region (127) of said rear quarter (128) there is associated a locking-unlocking element consisting of a pawl (133) idly pivoted at a first end thereof, a second end of said pawl being externally threaded and connected to a bush (134) the head (135) whereof is shaped complimentarily with respect to the individual seats of a set of teeth (129) provided on said rear quarter (128). Device according to claims 1 and 11, characterized in that said set of teeth (129) is laterally provided with a curved profile with the center of the curve preferably coinciding with the pivoting point of the teeth (132). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said connecting element comprises a loop-shaped rod-like element (102a) an end whereof is associable with a transverse seat (136) provided on said shell (107a) at said tip region (108a). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said connecting element consists of a bracket (217) having two wings (218, 219) each arranged at one side of said front quarter (203) and rear quarter (204) and connected, at the ends, to a rear cross-member (221) and to a front cross-member (220), said rear quarter (204) being provided, in the rear region (205), with a first transverse set of teeth (206). Device according to claims 1 and 14, characterized in that on said shell (202) a second transverse set of teeth (222) is provided proximate to the region (223) of the tip of said boot (201), said front cross-member (220) being selectively pivotable to said set of teeth (222). Device according to claims 1 and 15, characterized in that said rear cross-member (221) is arranged facing said first set of teeth (206), proximate to said rear cross-member there being pivoted, transversely to said wings (218, 219), a roller (224) which interacts with said first set of teeth (206). Device according to claims 1 and 16, characterized in that said bracket (217) is provided with a pivot consisting of an arrestor tooth (207) protruding from said rear quarter (204) at the end of the latter which is adjacent to the heel (208) of said boot (201), said roller (224) being supported by said arrestor tooth (207) in the opening position of said quarters. Device according to claims 1 and 17, characterized in that said first set of teeth (206) is provided with a safety element consisting of a rigid body (211) arranged inside said rear quarter (204) and pivoted thereto, at one end, proximate to said arrestor tooth (207), at the other end there being provided an operating button (212) which protrudes from said rear quarter (204) through an adapted opening (213), at said first set of teeth (206) there being provided transverse slots (209) acting as seats for teeth (210) which are slideable therein and protrude therefrom, rigidly associated with said rigid body (211), between the latter and said rear quarter (204) there being provided a first elastically deformable element adapted to position said teeth (210) outside said rear quarter (204) in normal operating conditions. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said securing element comprises a bracket (417) having two lateral wings (419) rearwardly connected by a rear cross-member (421), said wings (419) being connected to said front quarter (403) and to said shell (402) at their front ends. Device according to claim 19, characterized in that said front ends of said wings (419) of said bracket (417) are provided with a first hole provided proximate to a second hole (408) provided on each of the sides of said front quarter (403), said holes being traversed by a rivet (409), said rivet being furthermore slideable within a slot (405) provided on each of the sides of said shell (402). Device according to claims 1 and 20, characterized in that said slot (405) is substantially in the shape of an arc of a circle with its center in the point (416, 407) of pivoting of said front quarter (403) on said shell (402). Device according to claim 14, characterized in that it comprises an adjustment block (221a) associated with said bracket (217) at said rear cross-member (221) to adjust the position of a roller (224a) which interacts with said set of teeth (206). Device according to claim 22, characterized in that said adjustment block (221a) comprises a ring (233a) which is rotatably associated with a framework (231a) rigidly associated with said bracket (217), engaging with a threaded bar (232a) rigidly associated with said roller (224a), a rotation of said ring (233a) being matched by a translatory motion of said bar (232a) in a direction substantially perpendicular to said set of teeth (206). Device according to claim 23, characterized in that said block (221a) is provided with a shell (234a) for covering, at least partially, said ring, said framework, said threaded bar, said rear cross-member and said roller; said covering shell (234a) being furthermore provided with symmetrical openings on opposite sides at said ring (233a) to allow its manual operation. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that each of said wings (218, 219, 419) of said bracket (217, 417) is provided with at least one portion (226) arranged inside said front quarter (203, 403). Device according to claim 14, characterized in that between said shell (202) and said front quarter (203) a second elastically deformable element (225) is interposed.

Inventors: SARTOR, MARIANO, TONEL, VALERIO
Applicants: NORDICA S.P.A.
Application year: 1987
Main classification: A43B5
IPC codes: A43B5, A43C11