PALLET RESTRAINT MECHANISM FOR CARGO LOADING SYSTEM

Abstract: A cargo restraint device for the retention and conveyance of half or full width pallets and containers (70, 7l, 62) in a vehicle e.g. an aircraft has a pair of similar wing portions (43, 44) spring urged to an upright position opposite each other. Each of the wing portions (43, 44) has an arm (49) extending outwardly therefrom, adapted to engage the edges of narrow pallets or containers (70, 7l) to retain them to the track (3l). A cam arm (50) which engages camming surfaces (43 a , 44 a ) on the wing members is spring urged to firmly engage the surfaces (43 a , 44 a ) at all times. When a full width pallet (62) is loaded onto the device, its bottom engages arm (50) driving it downwardly towards the track (3l) and causing it to drive the wing members (43, 44) apart until they reach a flat position permitting the pallet (62) to ride over the arm (50). Latching devices (69) can latch the wing members (43, 44) in either upright or flat position, if so desired.

Description: This invention relates to a pallet restraint mechanism for a cargo loading system and more particularly to such a device which is adjustable to accommodate either single or double width pallets or containers. In U.S. Patent No. 4,462,493 (Ancra Corporation) a roller rail assembly for use in a cargo loading system is described for loading cargo loaded pallets into a vehicle such as an aircraft. This system employs a roller rail assembly which is removably mounted in a track or channel assembly having alternate cut out portions and lip portions. There is a need to load both less than full width and full width pallets and containers onto the same aircraft as the situation may demand. Presently, this can only be accomplished by setting up the loading tracks individually in advance for handling one or the other width pallet. This is somewhat time consuming and requires the handlers to manually set the tracks for the different width pallets. It is an object of this invention to enable the automatic loading of either full width or half width pallets or containers in a cargo loading system. It is a further object of this invention to provide a device which enables a cargo loading system to either retain the edges of a pair of half width containers or pallets or to permit the loading of a full width container or pallet without the need for manual adjustment. The invention provides in one aspect a device for use in loading cargo of wider or narrower widths and restraining such loaded cargo comprising a frame structure adapted to be mounted in a vehicle including roller means for supporting the cargo and restraining means for restraining the cargo, the restraining means comprising a pair of wing members pivotally mounted on said frame structure for pivotal movement between an upright position whereat the wing members are directly opposite each other and a spread apart flattened position, spring means for urging said wing members towards the upright position, and cam means for driving said wing members to the spread apart flattened position, said cam means including a cam arm pivotally mounted on said frame structure, said cam arm engaging said wing members and being actuated by wider cargo as it is being loaded to drive said wing members to the flattened position, said wing members having clamping means formed thereon for retaining said narrower cargo in position on said frame structure when the wing members are in the upright position. The system of the present invention obviates the need for manually arranging the tracks for one pallet width or the other by automatically adapting itself to achieve this end result in response to the pallets or containers, as they are being loaded. The preferred system of the present invention can operate with a roller rail system mounted in a track or channel assembly having alternate cut out portions and lip portions such as described in the aforementioned Patent No. 4,462,493. The present system is capable of automatically adapting to the loading of wider cargo e.g. pallets and containers of a full predetermined width and narrower cargo having a width less than full width e.g. of about half of the full width. This improved end result is achieved in the present invention by employing a pair of similar wing members which are spring urged to an upright position opposite each other. These wing members, in a preferred device, each have an arm extending normally from a support plate each of these arms engaging the side ledge of a narrower e.g. half width pallet or container when in such upright position, thereby retaining such pallet or container. A camming member is provided which has a camming arm which engages camming surfaces on the bottom of each of the wing members. This camming member is spring urged against such camming surfaces. When a full width container or pallet is loaded, it abuts against the camming member driving this member downwardly so that it, in turn through its camming arm, drives the wing members apart to a flattened position so that the container or pallet can ride thereover. Latching mechanisms are provided to latch the wing members in either their upright or flattened position as may be desired. Other objects and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds in connection with the accompanying drawings of which: Figure l is a top plan view of a preferred embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 is a top plan view of a portion of the preferred embodiment illustrating the device with its cam member fully actuated to bring the wing members to an open position; Figure 3 is a bottom plan view of a portion of the preferred embodiment with the cam member fully actuated; Figure 4 is a view taken along the plane indicated by 4-4 in Figure l; Figure 5 is a cross sectional view taken along the plane indicated by 5-5 in Figure l; Figure 5A is a view similar to that of Figure 5 showing the cam member in the process of being actuated by a container or pallet being loaded; Figure 6 is a side elevational view of the preferred embodiment with the cam member in the fully actuated position; Figure 7 is a view taken along the plane indicated by 7-7 in Figure 2; Figure 7A is a view taken from the same position as Figure 7 but showing the wing members retaining a pair of half size pallets; Figure 8 is a cross sectional view taken along the plane indicated by 8-8 in Figure 5; and Figure 9 is a cross sectional view taken along the plane indicated by 9-9 in Figure 5. Referring now to the drawings, a preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated. A frame structure ll includes a pair of cross arm members l2 and l4 on which similar opposing tracks l5 and l7 are fixedly supported. A plurality of roller wheels l9 are rotatably supported in tracks l5 and l7 on axles 20 which are fixedly supported between the sides of the tracks. Frame ll also includes central bar portions 22 attached to the cross arm members l2 and l4, each of which has a longitudinal strip 22 a which extends therefrom. Extending outwardly from the oppsite sides of the strip 22 a are a plurality of arcuate lugs 25. A circular plunger 27, as best can be seen in Figure 4, is slidably mounted in housing 28 formed in the central bar portion 22 of the frame. Plunger 27 is urged upwardly into the housing portion by a spring (not shown). The unit is attached to track 3l as shown in Figures 2, 7 and 7A. This track is fixedly attached to the floor of a vehicle such as an aircraft in which cargo is to be loaded. As can be seen in Figure 2, track 3l has a plurality of spaced alternate notch portions 3l a and flange portions 3l b formed therein. The frame ll is removably attached to the track by sliding the lugs 25 of frame portion 22 into the track with plunger 27 being spring urged upwardly to its unactuated "up" position. "Up" positioning of the plunger is achieved by rotating camming lever 35 counterclockwise 45° from the position shown in Figure 4, which permits the plunger to move upwardly. The frame is moved until lugs 25 are beneath selected flange portions 3l b of the track and plunger 27 is directly above one of the notch portions 3l a of the track. Camming arm 35 is then rotated to the position shown in Figure 4 thereby driving plunger 27 down into the notch portion of the track. In this position, plunger 27 operates as a shear lug restraining the frame ll against both longitudinal and transverse movement. At the same time, lugs 25 operate as tension lugs, restraining movement of the frame relative to the track in a vertical direction. This type of retaining mechanism is well known in the art and is described for example in U.S. Patent No. 3,605,637 assigned to Ancra Corporation, the assignee of the present application. For convenience of illustration, only the retaining mechanism adjacent to arm member l2 is shown, there being a similar retaining mechanism adjacent to arm member l4. Pivotally supported on a pair of shafts 40 and 4l on the ends of the frame adjacent to arm member l2 and on a pair of similar shafts 40 and 4l, on the portion of the frame adjacent to arm member l4 are a pair of similar wing members 43 and 44. These wing members are urged towards each other to an upright position by means of springs 47 mounted on shafts 40 and 4l (see Figures l and 9). The wing members have bottom surfaces 43 b and 44 b which abut against the side walls 45 a and 45 b of slot 45 formed in the bottom wall of the frame thereby limiting the travel of the wing members at their spring urged upright position. The wing members 43 and 44 have pairs of clamping arms 49 extending outwardly therefrom substantially normal to a support plate of the members 43, 44, there being a first pair of such clamping arms near arm member l2 and a second pair of such clamping members near arm member l4. The clamping arms of each wing member are interconnected by central bars 48. A cam arm 50 is pivotally supported on each of the opposite ends of the frame on an associated pin member 5l. Cam arms 50 have cams 50 a on one end thereof, these cams engaging camming surfaces 43 a and 44 a on the bottoms of wing members 43 and 44 (see Figure 8). When cam arm 50 is driven by a container 62 being loaded into the vehicle as shown in Figure 5A, the arm is driven as indicated by arrow 63 which causes cam 50 a to drive upwardly against surfaces 43 a and 44 a . This will cause the wing members 43 and 44 to move away from each other as indicated in Figure 5A by arrow 64 until they are lying in a spread apart flat position as shown in Figure 2, thereby permitting the container to ride thereover. In the absence of such downward actuation, cam arm 50 is urged towards its downward position by means of spring 67 which is mounted on pin member 5l, as shown in Figure 5. This assures that cam 50 a is urged against surfaces 43 a and 44 a but does not drive the cam downward in view of the opposing action of springs 47. Cam arm 50 may be latched in its downward position by means of pin member 69 which fits through aperture 50 b formed in the side wall portions of the arm and is mounted in aperture 69 a formed in the frame. The arm member may also be latched in an "up" position by inserting the pin below this member as shown in Figure 5 in which case the bottom edges of the arm will abut against the pin to maintain this "up" condition. In this manner, the wing members 49 may be retained in either their upright or flattened positions as may be desired. The device is shown with the wing members latched in the upright position in Figure 4 and with the wing members latched in a spread apart flattened position in Figure 3. As shown in Figure 7 a single wide container 62 has been loaded over the device, the wing members having been actuated to the open flattened position. Figure 7A illustrates a pair of containers 70 and 7l of about half full width loaded onto the device of the invention with the edge lips 70 a and 7l a of these containers being retained by the clamping arms 49 of the wing members. While the invention has been described and illustrated in detail, it is to be clearly understood that this is intended by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation. The spirit and scope of the invention being limited only by the terms of the following claims.

Claims: 1. A device for use in loading cargo of wider or narrower widths and restraining such loaded cargo (62, 70, 7l) comprising a frame structure (ll) adapted to be mounted in a vehicle including roller means (l9) for supporting the cargo and restraining means for restraining the cargo, the restraining means comprising a pair of wing members (43, 44) pivotally mounted on said frame structure (ll) for pivotal movement between an upright position whereat the wing members are directly opposite each other and a spread apart flattened position, spring means (47) for urging said wing members (43, 44) towards the upright position, and cam means (50a) for driving said wing members to the spread apart flattened position, said cam means including a cam arm (50) pivotally mounted on said frame structure (ll), said cam arm (50) engaging said wing members (43, 44) and being actuated by wider cargo (62) as it is being loaded to drive said wing members (43, 44) to the flattened position, said wing members (43, 44) having clamping means (49) formed thereon for retaining said narrower cargo (70, 7l) in position on said frame structure (ll) when the wing members (43, 44) are in the upright position. 2. A device according to Claim l wherein the frame structure (ll) includes a pair of cross arm members (l2, l4) and a pair of oppositely positioned tracks (l5, l7) attached to opposite ends of the cross arm members (l2, l4), the roller means (l9) being rotatably mounted in the tracks (l5, l7). 3. A device according to either one of Claims l and 2 comprising means (3l, 25, 27) for removably mounting the frame structure (ll) on the vehicle floor. 4. A device according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the cam arm (50) has a cam (50a) on one end thereof, said wing members (43, 44) having camming surfaces (43a, 44a) on bottom portions thereof which are engaged by said cam (50a) whereby to move said wing members (43, 44). 5. A device according to any one of the preceding claims further including spring means (67) for urging the cam (50a) of said cam means (50) against the camming surfaces (43a, 44a) of said wing members (43, 44). 6. A device according to any one of the preceding claims further including means (45a, 45b) formed in said frame structure for limiting the travel of said wing members (43, 44) to said upright position thereof. 7. A device according to Claim 6 wherein said travel limiting means (45a, 45b) comprises slots (45) formed in said frame structure (ll), surfaces (43b, 44b) of said wing members (43, 44) abutting against the walls (45a, 45b) of said slots (45) in said upright position. 8. A device according to any one of the preceding claims further including pin means (69) slidably mounted in said frame structure (ll) for latching said cam arm (50) alternatively in a downward position to retain the wing members (43, 44) in the flattened position or an up position to retain the wing members (43, 44) in the upright position. 9. A device according to Claim 3 wherein said means (3l, 25, 27) for removably mounting said frame structure (ll) on the vehicle floor comprises a track (3l) having alternate notch and flange portions (3la, 3lb) formed therein, said track (3l) being attached to said floor, a plurality of spaced arcuate lugs (25) extending from opposite sides of said frame structure (ll), a spring urged circular plunger (27) slidably mounted in the frame structure (ll), and means (35) for driving said plunger into one of said track notch portions (3la), with the lugs (25) being fitted under flange portions (3lb) of said track (3l).

Inventors: COLE, STEPHEN C.
Applicants: ANCRA CORPORATION
Application year: 1987
Main classification: B65G67
IPC codes: B64D9