CARTRIDGE FILTER

Abstract: A filtering system for water treatment including a head member having fluid inlet and outlet ports, a bracket member adapted to be secured to stationary support means, the head member being secured to the bracket member, a disposable filter cartridge closed at one end and being equipped at its other end with a closure member, the closure member having inlet and outlet passages formed therein to communicate with the interior of said filter cartridge, the closure member portion of the filter cartridge being insertable into the head member, its inlet and outlet passages formed so as to communicate with the inlet and outlet ports in the head member, the closure member being adapted for easy insertion into and withdrawl from the head member.

Description: This invention relates to a filtering unit and more particularly to a unit in which a disposable filter cartridge can be inserted into and removed from a head member which is permanently mounted in a fluid conduit. An object of the invention is to provide in a water treatment unit a convenient economical filter assembly wherein a disposable filter cartridge can easily be installed in the line by hand without the use of cumbersome extra tools. A further object of the invention is to provide a filter assembly including an integral disposable filter unit constructed and arranged in such a manner that line pressure will not be effective to dislodge the filter unit from the head member. US-A-3 954 624 describes a filter cartridge in accordance with the prior art portion of claim 1. The present invention, as defined in claim 1, provides for the seal members to be so constructed and arranged in relation to the associated communicating ports formed in the elongated cylindrical portion of the filter cartridge that the actual pressure will not urge the pressure cartridge out of a head which the cartridge is adapted to be associated. Attention is also drawn to our earlier-dated EP-A-0 223 569 which was not published until after the filing of the present application and which discloses structure similar to that of the present application with the exception that it does not have the feature of the radially opening communicating ports separated from the end of the cylindrical portion by a sealing member, in order to prevent the generation of blow-out forces. Other objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following description and a accompanying drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a sectional view in elevation of a filter assembly embodying the invention herein in an assembled position; Figure 2 is a sectional view in elevation of another filter assembly embodying the invention but using a different filter means in the filter cartridge; Figure 3 is a sectional view in elevation of the closure member of the type fitted in the open end of a pressure vessel as shown in Figures 1 and 2; Figure 3A is a partial sectional view of the head member of Figures 1 and 2 illustrating an alternative venting construction; Figure 4 is a sectional view in elevation of a filter assembly embodying the invention in an assembled position and showing the filter cartridge in a hanging position as distinguished from the inverted position of Figures 1 and 2; Figure 5 is a sectional view in elevation of a filter assembly similar to that shown in Figure 4 embodying the invention but using a different filter means in the filter cartridge; Figure 5A is a plan view taken along line 5A-5A of Figure 5; Figure 6 is a sectional view in elevation of a filter assembly similar to that shown in Figure 4 embodying the invention but using a filter means similar to that shown in Figure 2; Figure 7 is a sectional view in elevation of the closure member of the type fitted in the open end of a pressure vessel as shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6; Figure 8 is a plan view of the filter assembly of Figure 6; Figure 9 is a plan view of the bracket member as shown in Figure 8; and Figure 10 is a bottom plan view of the head member taken along line 10-10 of Figure 4. Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference characters refer to like parts the filter assembly 10 as shown in Figure 1 includes a bracket member 12 for supporting a head member and a filter cartridge, a head member 14 secured to the bracket member and a filter cartridge 16 which is inserted into and supported in the head member. The bracket member 12 includes a generally laterally extending plate-like portion 20 with a substantially vertically extending integral portion 22 which may be removably attached to a supporting structure by suitable fastening means. A circular opening 24 is formed in the laterally extending portion 20 for receiving therethrough the end of the filter cartridge. The head member 14, preferably of a molded plastic, is a cylindrical cup-like structure which may be formed with a pair of oppositely disposed flanges 26 a and 26 b (not shown) by which it is secured to the bracket member. In the embodiments of both Figures 1 and 2 the head member 14 is shown with the opening to the head member facing upwardly so that a filter cartridge is inserted in an upside down position downwardly through opening 24 in the bracket member and into the head member 14. Figures 4, 5, and 6 by contrast show the filter cartridge supported in a hanging or upright position similar to that shown in our EP-A-0 223 569. A bore 28 is formed in the head member 14 for receiving the lower end of filter cartridge 16 therein. A pair of ports 30 and 32, one an inlet and the other an outlet, are formed in the cylindrical wall 34 of the head member. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, 30 is the inlet port, and 32 is the outlet port although these may be reversed depending on the type of filter arrangement within the pressure vessel, such as the different filter arrangement in Figure 2 as will be subsequently described in connection with the description of Figure 2. Appropriate connections made to these ports 30 and 32 is what incorporates the filter assembly into a fluid conduit which provides the water to the unit or device which ultimately uses the filtered or treated water. At its lower end as seen in Figure 1 the head member 14 is formed with an internally directed axially extending tubular alignment projection 36 offset from the bore axis which is intended to be received by a mating bore in the closure member of the filter cartridge. A vent hole 38 is formed in the end of the tubular alignment projection to vent air or any fluid that may have collected in the bore 28 for one reason or another such, for example, was during filter cartridge replacement activity. Instead of the integral projection 36 formed on the end wall of the head member a pin 36 a may be positioned in an opening formed in the end wall of the head member as shown in Figure 3A. The pin would be formed with a vent opening 38 a and be received in the bore 60 The filter cartridge 16 of Figure 1 includes a pressure vessel 40, a closure member 42, and a filter media 46. The filter cartridge is designed as an integral disposable unit which may be easily inserted into and removed from the head member 14 without the use of special tools. The pressure vessel 40 which may be of metal or plastic is closed at its upper end as shown in Figures 1 and 2, and the closure member 42 is sealingly permanently fitted into the open end of the pressure vessel by appropriate means. The closure member 42 of Figures 1, 2, and 3 which preferably is made of a plastic material includes an annular base portion 48, which is the portion secured into the open end of the pressure vessel, and is sealingly fitted into the open end with a seal means 49. The closure member includes an elongated generally cylindrical portion 50 formed integrally with the base portion. The cylindrical portion 50 is inserted into the head member 14 in the assembly. A pair of substantially axially extending fluid inlet and outlet passages 52 and 54 are formed in the elongated cylindrical portion 50 of the closure member and as shown in Figure 1, 52 is the inlet passage and 54 is the outlet passage. A fluid port 56 is formed in the cylindrical sidewall of the cylindrical portion 50 in communication with passage 52. Another fluid port 58 is formed in the cylindrical sidewall of the cylindrical portion 50 in communication with passage 54 and in axially spaced relation with fluid port 56. In the assembly of Figure 1 fluid port 56 communicates with inlet port 30 formed in head member 14 and fluid port 58 communicates with outlet port 32 formed in head member 14. A bore 60 is formed in the lower end of closure member 42 and as previously noted is adapted to receive alignment projection 36 of the head member 14 to thus align in the assembly the inlet and outlet pots 56 and 58 of the closure member 42 with the inlet and outlet ports 30 and 32 of the head member 14. The vent hole 38 in the alignment projection 36 is effective to vent from the head member 14 any fluid that may collect in the head member. O-Ring seals 62, 64, and 66 are disposed on the outer cylindrical surface of the cylindrical portion 50 of the closure member. The O-ring seal 64 is disposed at a point of the closure member so that inlet fluid entering inlet port 30 will be sealed off from outlet fluid exiting through outlet port 32. O-ring seal 66 is effective to prevent the leakage of inlet fluid to the outside through vent hole 38. O-ring seal 62 is effective to prevent the leakage of filtered fluid to the outside. With the type of construction as illustrated the fluid pressure around the cylindrical portion of the closure member 42 at both the inlet and outlet is acting in radial planes between the O-ring seals. There is, therefore, no axial pressure as in a piston which might tend to force disengagement between the closure member 42 and the head member 14. The filter cartridge 16 as shown in Figure 1 includes an inlet tube 68 which is connected to inlet passage 52 of the closure member in a suitable manner. The inlet tube 68 extends to near the top of the pressure vessel 40 and carries at its upper end a tubular screen strainer 70. In this particular embodiment the pressure vessel contains a filter media 46 which may substantially fill up the entire pressure vessel. The filter media preferably is a granular activated carbon. Influent liquid entering the inlet 30 moves through inlet tube 68 and screen strainer 70, into and through the filter media 46 and out of the pressure vessel via outlet passage 54 and fluid outlet 58. Insertion and removal of the integral disposable filter unit is done with ease and without the necessity of extra tools such as wrenches, etc. In this essentially inverted position gravity is effective to hold the filter cartridge in its normal operating position in the head member 14, the weight of the filter cartridge being sufficient to maintain the filter cartridge and head member in an operable relationship. The cooperating alignment means on the head member and the closure member, namely the alignment pin 36 and mating bore 60, make it easy to positively align the inlet and outlet ports in the head member and closure member. The embodiment shown in Figure 2 differs from the Figure 1 embodiment in that a different filter means is used in the pressure vessel. This difference in filter means then makes it necessary to reverse the flow of liquid through the head member and closure member. In Figure 2 a cylindrical filter unit 74 is used. It is formed with a central passage 76 closed at its upper end. The passage 76 is aligned with passage 52 in the closure member 42. The unit 74 may be a string wound filter or a spun bonded unit. In this case the influent water enters through port 32, moves through passage 54 as indicated by the arrows, into the pressure vessel 40, passes radially inwardly through the filter unit 74 to the center thereof into central passage 76 and out through passage 52 and outlet port 30. The embodiments of Figures 4, 5, and 6 illustrate filter assemblies wherein the filter cartridges are essentially in an upright or hanging position as distinguished from the inverted position illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. In the embodiments of Figures 4, 5, and 6 the closure members which are sealingly secured into the open ends of the pressure vessels are substantially the same as the closure member 42 shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3. Since the filter cartridges of Figures 4, 5, and 6, however, are in a hanging position securing means is provided to prevent the filter cartridge from becoming dislodged by gravity from its position in the head member. This securing means includes bayonet lugs formed on the closure member, which in the assembly coact with the head member and the bracket member to secure the filter cartridge in place and prevent dislodgement due to gravity. This bayonet lug means is substantially as described in our EP-A-0 223 569 referred to above. The head member, of course, is mounted on a bracket member in an inverted position from that shown in Figures 1 and 2. The filter assembly 110 shown in Figure 4 includes a bracket member 112 for supporting a head member and a filter cartridge, a head member 114 secured to the bracket member 112 and a filter cartridge 116 which is inserted into and supported in the head member. The bracket member 112 includes a generally laterally extending plate-like portion 120 with a substantially vertically extending integral portion 122 which may be removably attached to a supporting structure by suitable fastening means. A circular opening 124 is formed in the laterally extending portion 120 for receiving therethrough the upper end of the filter cartridge. A pair of oppositely disposed bayonet openings 125 a and 125 b are connected to the opening 124. The width A of opening 125 a is narrower than width B of opening 125 b for reasons to be subsequently explained. The head member 114 is substantially similar to the head member 14 shown in Figures 1 and 2 but there are these differences. The lower end of bore 128 is enlarged at its lower end in the form of a counterbore 129 for the purpose of coacting with bayonet lugs on the closure member of the filter cartridge 116 as further described below. In addition as distinguished from the head member of Figures 1 and 2 no alignment pin means is associated with the upper end wall 133 of head member 114 because alignment of the inlet and outlet ports of the closure member of the filter cartridge with the inlet and outlet ports formed in the head member is achieved by other means. A vent hole 138 is formed in the upper end wall 133 of the head member 114 to vent air and moisture from the head member when the filter cartridge is inserted into the head member. The filter cartridge 116 of Figure 4 includes a pressure vessel 40, a closure member 142, a filter septum 143 and a filter media 46 which is the same as the filter media shown in Figure 1. The filter cartridge 116, just as the filter cartridge 16 of Figures 1 and 2, is designed to be an integral disposable unit which may be easily inserted into the head member 114 and removed therefrom by hand without the use of special tools. The same is true for the filter cartridge of Figures 5 and 6. The pressure vessels of Figures 4, 5, and 6 are identical to the pressure vessel 40 of Figures 1 and 2. The closure member 142 is slightly different than the closure member 42 of Figures 1, 2, and 3 in the following respects. A pair of oppositely extending bayonet lugs 161 a and 161 b are formed on the exterior of cylindrical portion 150. Those lugs help to support the filter cartridge in the head member. When the filter cartridge is inserted into the head member, the cylindrical portion 150 of the closure member with its attached bayonet lugs must first pass through opening 124 and oppositely disposed bayonet openings 125 a and 125 b in the bracket member 112. As previously mentioned the bayonet openings 125 a and 125 b are of different sizes, one being narrower than the other. Likewise, the bayonet lugs are of correspondingly different sizes, one being narrower than the other so that the filter cartridge can be inserted into the head member in only one position to assure proper alignment of the inlet and outlet ports in the head member and closure member. The counterbore 129 in the lower end of the head member 114 is of a predetermined depth - substantially the same depth as the thickness of the bayonet lugs - and this together with the bracket member establishes the axial position of the closure member 142 in the head member 114. O-ring seals 62, 64, and 66 disposed on the outer cylindrical surface of closure member 142 as shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6 occupy the same relative positions with respect to the inlet and outlet port means as they do in the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2. After insertion into the head member, the filter cartridge 116 is rotated a quarter turn until the one side of each of the bayonet lugs 161 a and 161 b come to rest against stops 163 a and 163 b formed in the head member as shown in Figure 10. Rotation of the filter cartridge to this position aligns the fluid inlet and outlet ports in the side wall of the closure member with the inlet and outlet ports in the head member. The bayonet lugs are secured between the bracket member 112 and the bottom of counterbore 129. Thus the bayonet lugs are effective through coaction with the stop means to align the fluid port means and are further effective to position the closure member in the head member against axial movement thus preventing the filter cartridge from becoming dislodged as a result of gravity forces. In the Figure 4 embodiment a tubular screen strainer 178 is associated with the fluid inlet passage 54, the upper end of the strainer 178 being attached to the closure member by some appropriate well-known means. The filter means used in the filter cartridge includes the filter septum 143 which may be made of a woven material. It is disposed near the bottom of the pressure vessel and is attached to the outlet passage 52 by a tube 180 which in turn is attached to the closure member and forms part of the outlet passage 52. The filter means also may include a filter media 46 which may fill up all of the pressure vessel. The filter media preferrably is a granular activated carbon. Therefore, when influent enters the inlet 32 and proceeds through inlet passage 54 it moves through the filter media 46, then through the collector or filter septum 143, into tube 180 and out through the outlet passage 52 and outlet port 30. The insertion and removal of the disposable filter cartridge into and from the system is a simple task. Since influent, usually water, is supplied to the system under pressure, a shut-off valve (not shown) usually will be provided in the inlet line somewhere upstream from the inlet port. This valve is shut off during installation or replacement of a filter cartridge into the system. With the shut-off valve closed the filter cartridge is inserted into the head member by lining up the bayonet lugs 161 a and 161 b with the appropriate size bayonet openings 125 a and 125 b . Once properly lined up the filter cartridge is inserted into the head member until the bayonet lugs contact the shoulder 182 and then turned a quarter turn until the bayonet lugs contact the stops 163 a and 163 b . Opening the shut-off valve again places the system in operation. The embodiments shown in Figures 5 and 6 are substantially the same as that of Figure 4, the only difference being the type of filter means used. In Figure 5, for example, the use of a folded or pleated filter septum 184 is illustrated. Powdered filter media 185 also at least partially fills the pressure vessel 40. The filter media could be finely powdered carbon and/or other well known powdered filter media. The septum 184 is connected to and supported on a septum support tube 186 which is connected to passage 54. The tube 186 thus functions both as a septum support and as an inlet tube from the septum 184 to carry filtered fluid from the septum 184 through inlet 188 in support tube 186 and then to passage 54. In this embodiment the inlet and outlet passages in the head member and closure member are reversed from that shown in Figure 4. An inlet tube 190 is connected to passage 52 of the closure member and extends down through the filter septum 184 to the bottom of the pressure vessel. A check valve 192, which may be of the flapper type, is connected to the lower end of inlet tube 190. Inlet fluid, therefore, passes downwardly through tube 190, check valve 192 and the powdered filter media 185, through the filter septum 184, through support tube 186 and out through passage 54 and outlet port 32. In the embodiment of Figure 6 the filter means is of the same type as shown in Figure 2. The embodiment of Figure 6 is essentially the same as the embodiment shown in Figure 2 but turned upside down thus requiring the bayonet lug supporting means as do the embodiments of Figures 4 and 5. Inlet fluid enters at port 32, proceeds through passage 54 down into the pressure vessel, radially inwardly through filter unit 74 as indicated by the arrows, into passage 76 and out through passage 52 and outlet port 30.

Claims: A filter cartridge comprising: a pressure vessel (40) closed at one end and adapted to have filter material (46) disposed therein, and a closure member (42) sealingly disposed in the open end of the pressure vessel, said closure member comprising: an annular base portion (48) which is secured to the open end of said pressure vessel; an elongated cylindrical portion (50) formed integrally with said base portion and adapted to be inserted into a mating head member (14) in sealing engagement therewith, a pair of axially extending inlet and outlet passages (54,52) being formed in said elongated cylindrical portion and leading to separate first and second communicating ports (58,56) to the exterior of said elongated cylindrical portion, the first of said communicating ports (58) being provided from one of said passages (54) through the cylindrical wall of said cylindrical portion, said first and second communicating ports being adapted to establish communication with inlet and outlet ports (32,30) of the head member (14) with which said closure member is adapted to be associated; and a seal member (62) disposed on the cylindrical wall of said closure member between the first communicating port (58) and said annular base portion (48) for sealing the internal pressure from the surrounding atmosphere when the closure member is inserted into the head member with which the closure member is adapted to be associated, characterised in that the other of said passages (52) is formed with the second communicating port (56) passing through the cylindrical wall of said cylindrical portion, and in that second and third seal members (64,66) are disposed on the cylindrical wall of the closure member, the second of said seal members (64) being axially spaced from and disposed between said first and second communicating ports (58,56), and said third of said seal members (66) being axially spaced from said second communicating port (56) between said second communicating port (56) and the end of the elongated cylindrical portion (50) remote from said base portion (48). A filter cartridge according to claim 1, wherein said first, second and third seal members (62,64,66) are O-ring seals. A filter cartridge according to claim 1 or 2, including radially extending projections (161a,161b) disposed on the outer periphery of said cartridge for securing the cartridge in a filter assembly of which it is adapted to be a part. A filter cartridge according to claim 1 or 2, including a pair of radially extending bayonet locking lugs (161a,161b) formed on the outer surface of said closure member for securing the filter cartridge in a filter assembly of which it is adapted to be a part. A filter cartridge according to claim 4, wherein said bayonet lugs (161a,161b) are of a different size and thereby are effective to control the proper positioning of the cartridge in a head with which the cartridge is adapted to be associated. A filter cartridge according to any one of claims 1 to 5, including alignment means (60) on said closure member (42) adapted to cooperate with alignment means (36) on a head member (14) with which the filter cartridge is adapted to be associated for aligning inlet and outlet ports (32,30) in the head member and corresponding communicating ports (54,56) in the closure member. A filter cartridge according to any preceding claims, including filter means disposed within said pressure vessel between the inlet to and outlet from said pressure vessel, said filter means comprising a filter septum (143) disposed in the pressure vessel, said filter septum being connected with the outlet passage in said closure member, and filter media (46) disposed in said pressure vessel and surrounding said filter septum. A filter cartridge according to claim 7, wherein said filter media is a granulated activated carbon. A filter cartridge according to claim 7, wherein said filter media is a finely powdered material. A filter cartridge according to claim 7, wherein said filter media is a mixture of more than one type of powdered materials, at least one of them being powdered activated carbon. A filter assembly comprising a filter cartridge as claimed in any preceding claim and a head member (14) adapted to be disposed in a fluid conduit and having a cup-like structure with an annular bore formed therein and inlet and outlet ports (32,30) formed through the wall portion of the bore to communicate with said bore, the elongated cylindrical portion of the filter cartridge being received within said bore with the seal members (62,64,66) sealing against the wall of the bore and the communicating ports (58,56) being in communication with said inlet and outlet ports (32,30). An assembly according to claim 11, wherein a vent (38) is provided in said head member. A filter assembly according to claim 12, wherein cooperative alignment means (36,60) formed on said head member (14) and on said closure member (42) for properly aligning the ports in said head member and closure member comprise a recess (60) in the outer end of said closure member (42) and a cooperating pin (36) associated with said head member (14), the vent (38) being formed in said cooperating pin (36). A filter assembly according to claim 11, 12 or 13, including a bracket member (12) adapted to be supported on a supporting structure, the head member (14) being attached to said bracket member (12). A filter assembly according to claim 14, wherein said head member (14) is positioned with its open end facing upwardly, whereby the filter cartridge (16) is supported in said head member by gravity. A filter assembly according to claim 14 or 15, wherein an annular opening (124) is formed in said bracket member (112) to receive said closure member (42) of said filter cartridge therethrough, said opening being formed with a pair of oppositely disposed bayonet openings (125a,125b), a pair of radially extending bayonet locking lugs (161a,161b) formed on the outer surface of said closure member (42) being alignable with said bayonet openings in said bracket member when said filter cartridge is inserted into or removed from said head member, said lugs also being cooperable with said bracket member to secure the filter cartridge in the assembly and prevent its being released from the assembly.

Inventors: TADLOCK, JOHN W., THOMSEN, JACK W.
Applicants: EVERPURE, INC.
Application year: 1987
Main classification: B01D27
IPC codes: C02F1, B01D27, B01D29, B01D24