APPARATUS FOR STACKING CONICAL OBJECTS

Abstract: Apparatus for stacking conical objects (2 a , 2 b , 2 c , 2 d , 2 e ) includes right hand and left hand side walls (3) and (4) which are joined by divergent walls (7) to define a tapering horizontal cross-section column (l) in which the spacing between the opposite walls (3) and (4) is shorter than the length of any one of the conical objects (2 a -2 e ). The conical objects can be placed manually in the top of the column (l) but only in a given orientation (thanks to the tapering horizontal cross-section of the column (l) and only when hooked on a retaining finger (5) projecting into the column through the side wall (4). The conical object (2 e ) at the top of the stack thus settles into an inclined orientation which it retains when the retaining means (5) is released to drop the cone (2 e ) down the column, thanks to an inertia brake (8) to retard the wider diameter end of the falling cone and preventing the cone from becoming vertical. Retaining means (l0) at the foot of the column releases only the bottom cone (2a) and allows any cones above it to become indexed downwardly into the bottom-most position.

Description: The present invention relates to apparatus for stacking conical objects in such a way that the bottom conical object from the stack can be released when desired. It has been proposed, in our co-pending British Patent Application No.86l2637 to provide for a set of stacks for conical objects, in order to release the conical objects onto a collecting chute at predetermined intervals for the purposes of arranging on the chute a stack of transversely extending conical objects having alternating orientation. However, the problem arises of keeping the axes of the conical objects parallel so as to allow precisely timed release of the conical objects and to guard against jamming of any one of the conical objects in a stack when subjected to the weight of the other conical objects above it in the same stack. Accordingly, the present invention provides in combination:- a device for stacking conical objects and a plurality of conical objects to be stacked in said column, characterised in that said device comprises means defining a column having a tapering cross-section when viewed in plan; a plurality of conical objects to be stacked in said column, each said conical object having a length which is greater than the distance between the narrower and wider ends of the column defining means; and retaining means in the wider end of said column for engaging the wider diameter end of a said conical object stacked in the column. In order that the present invention may more readily be understood the following description is given, merely by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:- FIGURE l is a sectional view taken on the line I-I of Figure 2 and shows a stack of conical objects in apparatus according to the present invention; FIGURE 2 is a top plan view of several stacks of the type shown in Figure l; FIGURE 3 is an end elevation of a second aspect of the device; and FIGURE 4 is a side elevation of the device of Figure 3 but with the lower part illustrated as a section on the line IV-IV of Figure 3. Figure l shows a vertical section through a hollow column l supporting a stack of conical objects 2 a , 2 b , 2 c , 2 d and 2 e . The right hand side wall 3 is spaced from the left hand side wall 4 by a distance which is less than the length of any one of the identical conical objects 2 a -2 e so that it is not possible for a conical object to be placed in the column l except when it has an inclined orientation. It will be appreciated that all references to conical objects include frusto-conical objects. At the top of the column l is a retaining finger 5 which engages inside the wider end of a conical object and extends sufficiently far inwardly from the left hand side wall 4 to cause the conical object 2 e just being placed at the top of the stack to jam at its wider end if it were to be placed in the column with the wrong direction of inclination, i.e. with the wider end uppermost. As shown in Figure 2, the column l is completed by two divergent walls 6 and 7 joining the left hand wall 4 to the right hand wall 3. In practice the angle included between the divergent side walls 6 and 7 is slightly greater than the angle of taper or conicity of each of the conical objects 2 a -2 e so that the cross-section of the column l substantially corresponds to the vertical projection of each of the conical objects 2 a -2 e when held in the stack in the Figure l configuration When it is desired to release the top conical object 2 e to fall down the column to join the rest of the stack in the column, the retaining finger 5 can be rotated, for example manually by the operator, in the clockwise direction through an angle of at least l20°, thereby releasing the wider end of the upper conical object 2 e . That conical object can then fall, for example through the position shown at 2 d in Figure l, and land on the stack 2 a , 2 b , 2 c already positioned at the bottom of the column l. All of the fingers 5 may, if desired, be interconnected to a common actuator which operates once the various columns of the device all have a conical object held at the top by its finger 5. In order to maintain the upwardly inclined orientation of the falling conical object 2 e , a brake 8 is provided in the form of a rectangular plate freely suspended by one of its corners on a spindle 9 so that another corner 8 a projects into the path of the wider end of the falling conical object 2 e , and hence both slows down the falling conical object 2 e and maintains its inclined orientation by preventing the falling conical object from adopting a vertical orientation at the wider end of the column l. If desired, the brake means may be other than an inertia brake and may, for example, be a spring brake. At the bottom of the stack is a release cam l0 driven by an appropriate drive mechanism, for example motorised, including a drive cam ll for releasing the wider end of the lowermost conical object 2 a , when desired. When the release cam l0 pivots clockwise to release the bottom conical object 2 a , the upper corner of the release cam enters the column to hold back the second conical object 2 b until the release cam is returned to its Figure l position. As shown in Figure 2, there are several adjacent columns of which alternate columns l have the same orienta­ tion as the column shown in Figure l and the intervening columns l′ have the reversed orientation. Figure l shows a mounting bracket l2′ corresponding to the bracket l2 on which the release cam l0 and drive cam ll for the column l are fitted, and likewise shows the brake 8′ and the retain­ ing finger 5′ of the next column l′. The apparatus shown in Figures l and 2 is also described and claimed in our co-pending British Patent Application No.86l2637 the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The divergent side walls 6 and 7 of each column need not extend continuously between the end walls 3 and 4. For example they may define only the corners of the column and may otherwise be open. The end walls 3 and 4 may similarly themselves be open. It will of course be understood that there will be equal numbers of the alternately arranged columns l and l′ respectively. A second embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 in which Figure 3 shows an end elevational, partly sectional view which illustrates drive linkage between the various cone retaining fingers corresponding to fingers 5 of Figure l, and additional retaining fingers which replace the brake plates 8 and 8′ of Figure l. The embodiment of Figures 3 and 4 also lacks the upstanding fin shown on the chute floor at the bottom of Figure l and instead uses a joggling plate which can be better appreciated from Figure 4. Figure 3 shows each of the upper retaining fingers 4l along the left hand side of the stack mounted on a common shaft 42, and each of the retaining fingers 43 at the right hand side of the stack mounted on a common shaft 44. The shafts 42 and 44 have respective drive levers 45 and 46 joined to a cross head 47 at one end of the machine, the lever 45 of shaft 42 having a horizontally extending end 48 which rides in a horizontal slot 49 of the cross head 47 while the lever 46 of shaft 44 has a similar end portion 50 riding in a horizontal slot 5l of the cross head 47. The cross head 47 is itself supported on a vertical bolt 52 and is biased upwardly by a helical compression spring 53. The arrangement is such that descent of the cross head 47 against the biasing of the spring 53 on the stationary bolt 52 will rotate shaft 42 in the clockwise direction and shaft 44 in the anticlockwise direction thereby retracting the various fingers 4l on shaft 42 and fingers 43 on shaft 44. This depression of the cross head 47 is achieved by means of an operating lever 54 mounted at one end of shaft 44 and able to be lifted by the operator in order to lower the various retaining fingers 4l and 43, simultaneously. Rotation of the shaft 42 in the clockwise sense to lower its various fingers 4l will also result in clockwise rotation of an arm 55 at one end of the shaft 42, the arm 55 having its free end articulated at 56 to a link 57 which, through the agency of a crank 58, drives a shaft 59 for clockwise rotation to introduce its retaining fingers 60 into the respective columns of the apparatus, and the articulation 60 also effects driving to a link 6l which, through the agency of a crank 62, effects clockwise rotation of a shaft 63 to introduce its various rotating fingers 64 into the respective columns of the device. It should be noted that when the upper retaining fingers 4l and 43 are all in their raised positions where they retain the top tube in the respective column (the Figure 3 position), the lower retaining fingers 60 and 64 mid-way down the columns are in the retracted or lowered position where they have just released a cone retained thereon to allow it to join the other cones (not shown) at the bottom of the stack in the respective column. It will be appreciated that the end elevation of Figure 3 is taken from the left hand side of Figure 4. In Figure 3, for reasons of simplicity of illustration, the release cams l0 of Figure l together with their associated drive linkage have all been omitted, and so has a stack monitoring system which is in practice provided for detecting a given state of depletion of the stack of cones 2 a ... 2 e in the column 3. Figure 3 also shows a drive motor 65 for a joggling plate 66 extending along the floor of the chute 40. The drive transmission to the joggling plate 66 is best illustrated in Figure 4. In Figure 4, from which the linkage to the shafts 44 and 63, and the fingers on those shafts, have been omitted, there is shown the output pulley 67 of the motor 65 driving a belt 68 which also passes around a pulley 69 on a shaft at the lower end of the chute 40. A further drive belt 70 passes in a direction generally parallel to the floor of the chute 40 and around a further pulley 7l at the upper end of the chute 40. The shaft (not shown) fastened to the pulley 7l carries a hexagonal cam 72 on which the joggling bar 66 sits, the other end of the joggling bar 66 adjacent the downstream end of the chute 40 being suitably pivoted, for example by means of a loose fitting finger passing through the joggling bar 66 but anchored to the floor of the chute 40. As will be readily appreciated, operation of the motor 65 results in rotation of the hexagonal cam 72 causing a joggling oscillation of the joggling bar 66, thereby unsticking any cones in the alternating orientation array of cones lying on the collecting surface defined by the floor of the chute 40, and hence promoting movement of those cones down the inclined chute.

Claims: 1. In combination:- a device for stacking conical objects and a plurality of conical objects to be stacked in said column (l), characterised in that said device comprises means defining a column (l) having a tapering cross-section when viewed in plan; a plurality of conical objects (2a-2e) to be stacked in said column (l), each said conical object (2a-2e) having a length which is greater than the distance between the narrower (3) and wider (4) ends of the column defining means (l); and retaining means (l0) in the wider end of said column (l) for engaging the wider diameter end of a said conical object stacked in the column (l). 2. Apparatus according to claim l characterised in that the column (l) is completed by divergent side walls (6,7) joining the wider (4) and narrower (3) ends of the horizontal cross-section of the column (l), the angle of taper between said divergent side walls (6,7) being greater than the angle of taper of said conical object (2a-2e). 3. Apparatus according to claim 2 characterised in that the relationship of the length of a said conical object (2a-2e) to the spacing between said end walls (3,4) at the wider and narrower ends of the column (l) cross-section define a shallowest angle of inclination of a said conical object (2a-2e) in the stack, and wherein the angle of divergence of the column side walls (6,7) is in substantial conformity with the vertical projection of the angle of taper of the inclined conical objects (2a-2e) in said position of shallowest inclination. 4. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first-mentioned said retaining means (l0) are disposed at or near the bottom of said column (l) and including further retaining means (5) thereabove at the wider part of the column (l) cross-section for engaging an uppermost conical object (2e) in the column (l), said further retaining means (5) being operable to release said upper conical object (2e) when desired. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterised in that the first-mentioned retaining means (l0) include a rockable release cam adapted to release the bottom conical object (2a) in the column (l) and simultaneously to retain the next adjacent conical object (2b) to ensure only the bottom said conical object (2a) falls from the stack at one cycle of the release cam. 6. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it includes motorised drive means for the first-mentioned retaining means (l0). 7. Apparatus according to claim 6 when appendant to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that said further retaining means (5) are manually operable. 8. Apparatus according to claim 5 alone or together with either of claims 6 and 7, characterised in that it includes braking means (8) between the first-mentioned retaining means (l0) and further retaining means (5). 9. Apparatus according to claim 5, alone or in combination with either of claims 6 and 7, characterised by third further conical object-retaining means (60,64) partway down each stack to retain a said conical object and operable to release it at a predetermined instant. l0. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterised in that said further retaining means (5) comprise a retaining finger (4l,43) near the top of each stack; and in that said third retaining means comprise a further retaining finger (60,64) partway down each stack driven for retaining a said conical object during its descent down the stack and for releasing said retained conical object. 11. Apparatus according to claim l0, characterised by common drive means to the first-mentioned retaining finger (4l,43) and said further retaining finger (60,64) in each said stack and for driving said first-mentioned retaining finger (4l,43) in a said stack to a position in which it releases a said conical object retained thereby while simultaneously driving said further retaining finger (60,64) of said stack into a position in which it retains a descending conical object by engaging the wide end thereof.

Inventors: SMITH, ALAN
Applicants: HOLLINGSWORTH (U.K.) LIMITED
Application year: 1987
Main classification: B65G57
IPC codes: B65H67, B65G1, B65G57