Planet gear type speed reduction starter

Abstract: A planetary gear system for the speed reduction out­ put of a starter motor. The internal gear (3) is made of an elastic resin and is separated from the casing of the system or a metal ring (22) fitted in the casing by a predetermined gap (23). Thereby, the internal gear (3) can deform over a range of shocks but is prevented from deforming by the casing or metal ring (22) above this shock range.

Description: This invention relates to internal speed reduction type starters, and more particularly to planet gear type speed reduction starters comprising planet gear speed reduction means. A planetary gear speed reduction system according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from EP-A-0 127 880. One example of a conventional planet gear type speed reduction starter is as shown in the half section view of Fig. 1. At the end face of a yoke 2 of a DC motor 1, an internal gear 3 of resin forms a planet gear speed reduction means. The internal gear 3 and an intermediate bracket 4 together with a rubber ring 5 are fitted on an inner lower side 7 of a front bracket 6. Further in Fig. 1 is shown an armature 8 of the DC motor 1. An armature rotary shaft 9 has a spur gear 10 at its front end portion which is engaged with a planet gear 11. A bearing 12 is coaxially inserted into the planet gear 11 and is mounted on a supporting pin 13. A flange 14 fixedly secures the supporting pin 13, the flange 14 forming an arm of the planet gear speed reduction means and being integral with an rotary output shaft 15. A sleeve bearing 16 is fitted into the central cylindrical hole of the intermediate bracket 4, the bearing 16 supporting the rotary output shaft 15. A sleeve bearing 17 is fitted into the central cylindrical recess 18 of the rotary output shaft 15, the sleeve bearing 17 supporting the front end portion of the armature rotary shaft 9. Further in Fig. 1, a steel ball bearing 19 is set between the armature rotary shaft 9 and the rotary output shaft 15 and transmits thrust load between these rotary shafts 9 and 15. A thrust washer 20 is placed between the armature rotary shaft 9 and the rotary output shaft 15. Helical splines 21 are formed on the rotary output shaft 15 so that an unillustrated over-running clutch (including a pinion) is slidably engaged with the helical splines 21. The operation of the conventional planet gear type speed reduction starter thus constructed will be described. The armature 8 produces torque transverse to the drawing when energized, and the torque thus produced is transmitted to the armature rotary shaft 9 and through the spur gear 10, the planet gear 11 and the supporting pin 13 to the flange 14. That is, the speed of rotation of the armature 8, being reduced by this planet gear speed reduction mechanism, is transmitted to the rotary output shaft 15. In the conventional planet gear type speed reduction starter thus constructed, the internal gear 3 is made of resin (Nylon). Therefore, when a shock occurs at the starting of the engine, the internal gear tends to flex to absorb the shock. However, the internal gear 3 is fitted in the front bracket 6 with a small gap in the radial direction. Therefore, when a shock caused by the ordinary variation in torque of the engine is applied to the internal gear 3, the amount of flexure of the internal gear 3 is so small that the internal gear 3 cannot absorb the shock. Another example of the conventional planet gear type speed reduction starter in which the gap between the internal gear 3 and the front bracket 6 is excessively large in the radial direction suffers from the following difficulties. That is, when, at the starting of the engine, the engine stops abruptly or the pinion of the starter is not satisfactorily engaged with the engine ring gear, a large shock is given to the internal gear 3. However, in this case, the internal gear 3 is deformed excessively in the radial direction so that the internal gear 3 may be broken. A similar type device is disclosed in U.K. Patent 2,109,893B which corresponds to U.S. Application Serial No. 435,190 filed on October 19, 1982 and issued as U.S. Patent 4,494,414. In the device, an internal gear is held by a resilient member in the radial direction so that impacting force applied to the internal gear is absorbed by the resilient member. Further, U.K. Patent 2,108,627B discloses an internal gear held by a resilient member in its axial direction. Even if rotational force is applied to the internal gear, its rotation can be eliminated. Even if impacting force exceeding a predetermined level is applied to the gear the force is absorbed by the resilient member. In these two patents, the internal gear is held elastically to absorb impact applied to the gear. However, these patents do not disclose the internal gear having its own resiliency to provide its resilient deformation. Accordingly, an object of this invention is to eliminate the above-described difficulties accompanying a conventional planet gear type speed reduction starter. More particularly, an object of the invention is to provide a planet gear type speed reduction starter in which, when an ordinary shock occurs, the internal gear is effectively flexed to absorb the shock and when a shock greater than the ordinary shock occurs, the excessive deformation of the internal gear is prevented so that the internal gear is protected from damage. This object is solved according to the present invention by a planetary gear speed reduction system including the features of claim 1. In the planet gear type speed reduction starter of the invention, the internal gear of resin is arranged inside the casing and a metal ring fitted in the casing with a predetermined gap between the internal gear and the casing and the metal ring in the radial direction, to absorb a shock in a predetermined range. When the ordinary shock is applied to the internal gear, the internal gear is effectively flexed in the gap to absorb the shock. When a shock greater than ordinary is given to the internal gear, the excessive deformation of the internal gear is prevented by the cylindrical inner surface of the metal ring or the casing. Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing one example of a conventional planet gear type speed reduction starter. Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing one example of a planet gear type speed reduction starter of this invention. In these figures, like parts are designated by like reference numerals of characters. One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 2 in which those components which have been previously described with reference to Fig. 1 are therefore similarly numbered. In Fig. 2 an annular groove 6a is formed in the cylindrical inner surface of the front bracket 6. An iron ring 22 is fitted in the annular groove 6a in such a manner that the ring 22 confronts with the cylindrical outer wall of the elastic internal gear 3 through a gap 23 in the radial direction, i.e., the ring 22 is loose-fitted on the internal gear 3. In the embodiment thus constructed, the iron ring 22 is press-fitted into the annular groove 6a of the front bracket 6 or it is fitted into the annular groove 6a by other suitable method. The internal gear 3, the intermediate bracket 4 and the rubber ring 5 are fixed to one another with long bolts (not shown) in such a manner that they are held between the front bracket 6 and the yoke 2. In this case, the gap 23 is provided between the internal gear 3 and the iron ring 22 as shown in Fig. 2. When, under this condition, an ordinary shock is applied to the internal gear 3, the internal gear 3 absorbs the shock while flexing itself in the gap 23. If a shock greater than the ordinary shock is given to the internal gear 3, according to the flexibility of the internal gear 3, it flexes itself radially to absorb the shock. The maximum amount of flexure of the internal gear 3 is determined by the size of the gap 23 in the radial direction. Flexure of the internal gear more than that is limited by the iron ring 22. Accordingly, the gap 23 is so determined that the internal gear 3 can absorb a great shock applied to the starter and is free from the great deformation which may break the internal gear. In the above-described embodiment, the gap 23 is provided outside the cylindrical outer wall of the internal gear 3, and the iron ring 22 is employed to prevent the internal gear 3 from excessive deformation. In the above-described embodiment, the internal gear 3 is not integral with the intermediate bracket 4. However, the internal gear 3 and the intermediate bracket 4 may be formed as one unit of resin. Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the internal gear 3 is fitted inside the front bracket 6. However, the technical concept of the invention may be applied to the case where the internal gear 3 is fitted inside the yoke 2 forming the casing, or inside both the yoke 2 and the front bracket 6. In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the ring 22 is made of iron. However, it goes without saying that the ring 22 may be made of other metals. As described above, according to the invention, the internal gear of resin is provided inside a casing and a metal ring is fitted in the casing with a predetermined gap in the radial direction between the metal ring and the internal gear of resin so as to absorb the predetermined shock. Therefore, when an ordinary shock is given to the internal gear, the internal gear can effectively flex to absorb the shock. When a shock greater than a predetermined shock is applied to the internal gear, excessive deformation of the internal gear is prevented by said ring. That is, the problem that the internal gear may be broken by an excessive shock is prevented. Thus, the planet gear type speed reduction starter of the invention offers a high reliability.

Claims: A planetary gear speed reduction system comprising: a casing housing an input shaft (9) having a spur gear (10), a planet gear (11) gear-engaged with the spur gear (10), an internal gear (3) co-axial with the input shaft (9) and gear-engaged with the planet gear (11), and an output shaft (15) driven by a flange (14) supporting a pin (13) on which the planet gear (11) revolves; the internal gear (3) comprising an elastically deformable resin, being axially held in the casing, and being in the form of a ring which abuts or is integral with a bracket (4) through which the output shaft (15) extends; and a metal ring (22) fitted in the casing such that the radially outwardly facing surface of the metal ring (22) engages the internal periphery of the casing and such that there is a radial gap (23) between the internal gear (3) and the metal ring (22) into which the internal gear can deform, the radial gap (23) being so determined that excessive deformation which damages the internal gear (3) is prevented, characterized in that the ring (22) is a separate element. A planetary gear reduction system according to claim 1, wherein the metal ring (22) is fitted in an internal annular groove (6a) of said casing. A planetary gear reduction system according to claim 1 or 2 and further comprising a starter motor (1) mechanically coupled to the input shaft and wherein the output shaft (15) is couplable to an engine.

Inventors: AKIRA MORISHITA, HIROAKI ASO
Applicants: MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORP, MITSUBISHI DENKI KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1987
Main classification: F02N15
IPC codes: F02N15, F16H1