RADIAL TIRE FOR HIGH LOAD WITH IMPROVED VIBRATION DAMPING PERFORMANCE

Abstract: Radial tyre for high loads with improved vibration damping performance comprises a carcase that is laid at an angle of 80-90 degrees and has opposite ends fixed by being folded around bead cores, a belt layer that is laid on the outer side of the carcase's crown portion at a shallow angle w.r.t. the tyre's peripheral direction, a bead apex that gradually becomes thicker going upwards from above bead cores to the sidewalls, carcase cord reinforcement layers extending from each end of tbe belt layer to a bead portion and, pref., bead portion reinforcement layers.

Description: The present invention relates to a radial tyre for high load suitable for material handling vehicles, and construction vehicles. Hitherto, the so called crossply or bias ply tyre has been used for high load condition industrial vehicles, constructions vehicles and the like, but recently, radial tyres having a carcass of steel cords have become most popular because of excellent ride comfort and good wear resistance. However, such radial tyres have a smaller vertical spring coefficient and less damping and so especially when used on fork-lifts which continually turn, start and stop much rolling and pitching of the vehicle occurs. Also when the tyres run over projections on the road the vehicle body rolls constantly. This becomes a real problem, if the steel tyres with conventional structure are used on the industrial vehicles, such as the fork-lift or very high working vehicles, because they become a factor allowing and causing vibration of the vehicle, its mast or crane. In comparison radial tyres applied to passenger cars do not suffer from this problem. A known tyre presenting all the features of the preamble of claim 1 is shown, e.g., in US-A-4 573 511. The inventors studied ways of reinforcing the carcass of such radial tyres, particularly the portions in the tyre sidewalls which bend and investigated means by which the vibration damping performance could be improved, and the object of the present invention is to meet these objectives. Accordingly, the present invention provides a radial tyre comprising the features of claim 1. The invention is illustrated by way of example in the drawings which are as follows: - In Fig.1. radial tyres for high loads has a carcass ply 3 having both edges folded back around respective bead cores 2 and secured thereto. Also provided are a belt layer 4, bead apexes 5 and two carcass cord reinforcing layers 6 on the outside of the carcass one at either side of the tyre which extend to the beads from both edge portions of the belt layer 4. Each bead is reinforced by a bead reinforcing layer 7, which is disposed on the outside (in this embodiment) of the carcass 3 so as to surround the bead core 2, and each carcass cord reinforcing layer 6 overlaps the belt layer 4 and the bead reinforcing layer 7 in both edge portions thereof in the radial direction of the tyre. The carcass cord reinforcing layers 6 reinforce the sidewalls of the tyre, and, for that, high elastic cords such as aromatic polyamide fibre cords are preferably used, although organic fibre cords such as nylon, polyester and/or rayon are also usable. The fibre cords are laid at a bias angle between 30 and 90 degrees to the radial direction of the tyre, thereby increasing the lateral rigidity of the tyre sidewalls by interacting with the carcass 3 of which the cords are laid in the radial direction. The upper edge 6H of the carcass cord reinforcing layer 6 is positioned under the edge portion of the belt layer 4 so as to partly overlap with the belt layer 4. The upper edges 6H are accordingly secured between the belt layer 4 and the carcass 3, as shown. Fig.2, shows an embodiment in which the carcass cord reinforcing layers 6 are disposed on the inside of the carcass ply 3. The lower edge 6F of the carcass cord reinforcing layer 6 is interposed between the bead reinforcing layer 7 and the carcass 3. The upper edge 6H is then overlapped only indirectly with the belt layer 4. The embodiment of Fig.3 has two carcass cord reinforcing layers 6A and 6B in each sidewall which are disposed on both the inside and the outside of the carcass ply 3. The result is that the transmission of force from the tread to the tyre sidewall is improved by the reinforcing layers 6, and the vibration damping performance of the tyre is also improved. The sidewalls are reinforced by the radial cord carcass 3 and the carcass reinforcing layers 6 in which the cords are arranged at a bias, and as a result, the vertical coefficient is increased and generation of rolling and/or pitching of a vehicle is reduced even when there is an unbalance of loads between the left and right wheels. The lower edge 6F of the carcass cord reinforcing layer 6 is, as shown in the figures, terminated in a position above the bead core 2 and axially inside the bead core 2 -- not on the folded portion (3T) side of the carcass ply 3. It overlaps the folded part 7A of the bead reinforcing layer 7 indirectly through the carcass ply 3 (see Fig.1) and is not itself secured around the bead core 2. The bead reinforcing layer 7 extends into the sidewall beyond the folded portion 3T of the carcass 3, although optically the folded portion 3T can be terminated in a position higher than the upper edge of the bead reinforcing layer 7. By overlapping the lower edge part 6F of the carcass cord reinforcing layer 6 of the bias arrangements with the bead reinforcing layer 7, the tyre load transmitted between the tyre beads and the wheel is dispersed more widely than in conventional structures not only in the radial direction but also in the circumferential direction of the tyre, and also the vibration damping performance is improved. Furthermore the generation of roll and pitch in a vehicle is lessened. Preferably, the breadth 11 of the overlap of the carcass cord reinforcing layer 6 with the belt layer 4 and the breadth 12 of the overlap of the carcass cord reinforcing layer 6 with the bead reinforcing layer 7 are more than 5mm. In this embodiment, they are 20 mm and 30 mm, respectively. If they are less than 5 mm, the load can not be transmitted smoothly and the vibration damping performance is not improved. Under ordinary conditions, the carcass cord reinforcing layer 6 preferably comprises only one ply of cords if the cords are aromatic polyamide fibre cords, but if the cords are nylon fibre cords or the like it is preferably formed by two or more plies arranged crosswise. In the present invention, the bead apexes 5 are disposed radially outside and adjacent to the above-mentionned carcass cords. For the bead apexes 5, there is preferably used a two-component apex comprising a stiffener made of hard rubber having JIS A hardness of 75 to 90 degrees and a buffer made of soft rubber having JIS A hardness of 45 to 65 degrees. As a matter of course, there can be used a single-component apex made of hard rubber. The upper edge thereof extends to the range of 20 to 60 % of the cross-sectional height of the tyre, and provided the functions of reinforcing the beads and the sidewalls and increasing the lateral and vertical spring coefficient of the tyre. In this embodiment, a further reinforcing layer 9, which extends toward the sidewall beyond the bead reinforcing layer 7, is disposed outside each bead reinforcing layer 7. As mentioned above, in the present invention, the steel radial tyre is provided with carcass cord reinforcing layers having a bias arrangement which are disposed adjacent to the outside of the radial cords of the carcass extending from the beads to the two edges of the belt layer, whereby the lateral and vertical spring coefficients of the tyre are greater than the conventional steel tyre. Accordingly, unstable states due to rolling and the pitching are greatly prevented, and at the same time, damping performance of the vibration for the mast of fork-lifts, and vibration of the top of the high reach vehicles such as truck cranes and the like is effectively improved. By way of example tyres of size 700.R12 were made for trial in accordance with the structure shown in Fig.1 and the specifications shown in Table 1, and tested for various tyre characteristics such as rolling, damping coefficient and spring coefficient. As reference for comparison, bias tyres, steel textile tyres, and steel radial tyres were made in accordance with the prior art and the specifications shown in Table 1. The measurements of the characteristics shown in Table 1 were performed under the conditions that the air pressure was 7.0 kgf/cm (for bias tyre) and 9.0 kgf/cm (for radial tyre) and the advantages of the invention can be clearly seen.

Claims: 1. A radial tyre for high loads, comprising a pair of bead cores (2) disposed one in each bead of the tyre, a carcass (3) having cords laid in a radial direction at an angle of 80 to 90 degrees to the circumferential direction of the tyre, both edges (3T) of which are folded back around the bead cores to be secured thereto, a belt layer (4) having steel cords arranged outside the crown of the carcass (3) at a small angle to the circumferential direction of the tyre, a bead apex disposed between each of the carcass folded portions (3T) and the carcass main portion and extending taperingly from the upper side of each bead core into the sidewall of the tyre, an additional layer (6) disposed in each sidewall of the tyre, said additional layer (6) comprising at least one ply of cords arranged at a bias with respect to the radial direction, and being disposed on the carcass, and extending from the bead to the axially outer edge of the belt layer (4) so that the radially outer edge portion of the ply overlaps with the axially outer edge portion of the belt layer (4), characterised in that the cords of the carcass (3) are steel cords, and that the additional layer (6) is a damping layer comprising organic fibre cords. 2. A tyre according to claim 1 , characterised in that said organic fibre cord damping layer (6) in each sidewall is composed of one organic fibre cord ply disposed on the inside of the carcass. 3. A type according to claim 1, characterised in that said organic fibre cord damping layer (6) in each sidewall comprises one organic fibre cord ply disposed on the inside of the carcass and one organic fibre cord ply disposed on the outside of the carcass so that the radially outer edge portion thereof is secured between the carcass and the belt layer. 4. A tyre according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that each bead is provided with a bead reinforcing layer (7) disposed along the carcass so as to surround the bead core, and the radially inner edge portion of the inside organic fibre cord ply overlaps with the bead reinforcing layer (7) so as to be secured between the carcass and the bead reinforcing layer. 5. A tyre according to claim 1, characterised in that said organic fibre cord damping layer (6) in each sidewall is composed of one organic fibre cord ply disposed on the outside of the carcass so that the radially outer edge portion of the ply is secured between the carcass and the belt layer (4). 6. A tyre according to claim 5, characterised in that each bead is provided with a bead reinforcing layer (7) disposed along the carcass so as to surround the bead core, and the radially inner edge portion of said at least one organic fibre cord ply overlaps with the bead reinforcing layer (7). 7. A tyre according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 6 characterised in that the radially inner edge of said at least one organic fibre cord ply is terminated at a position above the bead core.

Inventors: NISHIMURA, TAKASHI, OHASHI, SUSUMU
Applicants: SUMITOMO RUBBER INDUSTRIES LIMITED
Application year: 1987
Main classification: B60C9
IPC codes: B60C9, B60C15