RADIAL TIRE FOR AIRCRAFT AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

Abstract: The radial tyre for aircraft and its mfr. are based upon the use of a body comprising radial cords which forms a pair of side carcass plies between an inner carcass ply and a side wall. Each of the two ends of the side carcass plies is bent inward round a bead and bonded there. The other ends are bonded between the inner carcass ply and a breaker.

Description: The present invention relates to a radial tyre for aircraft in which the carcass ply does not become slack or abnormally tensioned in the portion in the bead region during building of the green tyre, so that the design strength of the carcass is not impaired, and allowing the breaking strength of the tyre to be increased without increasing the weight of the tyre. The invention also relates to a method for producing the tyre. Hitherto, a tyre for large aircraft has had a bias ply construction wherein carcass plies are arranged in such a manner that the cords of each successive ply cross one another. Such a tyre has a plurality of beads 41 as shown in Fig. 4, which is a half sectional view. In the carcass plies there is a difference ℓ 1-ℓ 2 between the periphery (length between the beads) ℓ 1 of an outer carcass ply 42 and the periphery (length between the beads) ℓ 2 of an inner carcass ply 43 which is large. Thus unless the peripheries of the plies are pre-set to be as near as possible to the requirements in the vulcanised tyre then the same carcass ply cords become abnormally tight or contrarily become slack and thus a satisfactory tyre cannot be obtained. In order to prepare the peripheries to be those required in the vulcanised tyre a building drum 44 is used, as shown in Fig. 5 having a large crown height (CH) (normally 1.5 to 5 inches) and a deep under cut (UC) (normally 30 to 90 mm). The inner carcass ply is adhered to or applied around the drum surface and the outer side portions which then extend beyond the drum shoulder are turned down along the profile of the drum shoulder for the length range corresponding to the crown height. Later, after the beads are set, the side portions are turned up around the beads. The outer carcass ply is turned down along the inner carcass ply and is arranged to be underneath the beads. In the above operation, since the ply cords have a bias angle, the turn down operation causes only a change of the angle and does not cause troubles such as ply creases. However, if the above conventional bias ply construction of the aircraft tyre is changed to a radial ply construction, there arises a big problem because a radial tyre, as is known well, has a construction wherein the cords of carcass plies are disposed radially (they are disposed at an angle of about 90 degrees, i.e. 80 to 90 degrees,) relative to the direction of the equator of the tyre. Thus in the turn-down operation of the radial plies at the drum shoulder using the above conventional drum having large crown height for building the bias tyre, no change of cord angle may be allowed and the carcass ply length in the circumferential direction of the drum does not become shorter. Accordingly the excess length causes ply creases. If a drum having a small crown height is used (Fig. 6) and even if a smaller ply peripheral length difference between the inner and the outer carcass plies and a single bead is used in order to avoid this problem, there is still a danger of the design strength of the carcass being impaired because in the green tyre shaping operation for adhering or applying a tread and breaker around a toroidally shaped carcass and or in the vulcanising operation, the rotation of the plies around the beads is large and this causes the plies in the region near to become slack or abnormally tight resulting in a bad tyre structure. More especially, in a tyre having an outer carcass ply which is turned down towards the inside around the beads, ply creases are even more likely to be formed. In addition, during the ply turnup stage and the green tyre shaping stage the beads need to be held firmly so that the beads can be maintained in their correct positions relative to the rotational axis of the tyre and cannot move. For this purpose, it is preferable that the building drum 44 has an axial width extending up to the position indicated by the dotted line in Fig. 6 and fully contacts the beads. However, if the both sides of the drum are extended to the above mentioned positions, the lengths for the turn-down of the outer carcass ply around the bead becomes insufficient. As a result, there is a risk that a defective engagement with a wheel rim is caused or the durability of the beads is impaired. Moreover, the creation of creases of the outer carcass ply due to the rotation of the ply in the green tyre shaping operation is accelerated. A tyre according to the preamble of claim 1 is known, e.g. from FR-A-1522420. An object of the present invention is to provide a radial ply tyre for aircraft of the kind set forth in which the side carcass ply layer does not become slack or abnormally tight in the region of the beads in the green tyre shaping operation or the vulcanising operation. Thus the finished tyre structure is as designed and accordingly the design strength of the carcass is not impaired. Also there is enough ply length to be correctly turned around the bead and thus there is no risk that a defective engagement with a wheel rim is caused or that the durability of the bead is impaired. Another object is to provide a method by which the above tyre for aircraft is produced efficiently. Accordingly the invention provides a radial tyre for aircraft of the kind set forth, having the features recited in the characterizing portion of claim 1. Thus the carcass ply does not become slack or abnormally tight in the region of the bead in the green tyre shaping operation or suchlike operation regardless of the radial ply construction, the design strength of the carcass is not impaired, and the desired durability can be obtained. Further, by virtue of the side carcass having a separate or two piece construction the breaking strength of the tyre can be increased without increasing the weight of the tyre. The invention further provides a method for producing the radial tyre of claim 1, characterised in that there is used a cylindrical drum for tyre building which has an inflating means at the centre portion and has bead locking means capable of being increased or decreased in diameter located respectively adjacent to the above inflating means and at the drum shoulder portions on both sides of the above centre portion and ply turn up means on the outside in axial direction of the above bead locking means and the method comprises a step of assembling one or more side carcass ply layers, of organic fibre cords such as nylon or the like or inorganic fibre cords such as steel or the like disposed at an angle of 80 to 90 degrees relative to the direction of the equator of the tyre, onto the circumferential surfaces of the above drum shoulder portions and the circumferential surface of the above bead locking means a step of adhering one or more inner carcass ply layers comprising organic fibre cords such as nylon or the like or inorganic fibre cords such as steel or the like disposed at an angle of 80 to 90 degrees relative to the direction of the equator of the tyre, onto the circumferential surface of the above centre portion so that both side carcass plies are covered by the side portions thereof, a step of holding the bead by increasing the diameter of the bead locking means after positioning the bead above the bead locking means on each side, a step of shaping the inner carcass ply into a toroidal shape by inflating the inner carcass ply by means of the inflating means (18) and concurrently by moving both drum shoulder portions nearer to each other in the axial direction, a step of turning both side portions of the inner carcass ply and the side carcass plies radially outwards around the bead using the ply turn up means and of adhering them onto the inner carcass ply having a toroidal shape, and a step of attaching a band comprising a tread and a plurality of breaker layers comprising organic fibre cords such as nylon or the like or inorganic fibre cords of steel or the like disposed at an angle of 0 to 90 degrees relative to the direction to the direction of the equator of the tyre, onto the circumferential top region of the inner carcass ply having a toroidal shape and on the outer circumferential portions of the upper parts of both turned up side carcass plies by means of a transfer means. Thus, by adhering or applying in advance the side carcass plies of a separate construction onto the circumferential surfaces of the drum shoulder portions in such a manner that each side carcass ply can reach a position on the axially inner side of the outer circumferential surface of the bead locking means, enough ply length around the bead can be obtained easily without requiring an additional process of ply turn down, and therefore there is no risk that a defective engagement with a rim is caused or the durability of the bead and the like is impaired. Further, the side carcass plies of a separate or two piece construction are adhered or applied to the layer of the inner carcass ply which has been shaped into a toroidal shape, and therefore the plies do not become slack or abnormally tense at the region near the bead, and a radial tyre for aircraft of which the tyre finish is satisfactory can be produced. In order to describe the present invention in more detail, some embodiments will now be explained in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a sectional view of an aircraft radial tyre of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a front view partly in section of an apparatus for producing the aircraft radial tyre shown in Fig. 1. Figs. 3 (a) to (i) are half sectional views showing a method of producing the aircraft radial tyre using the apparatus of Fig. 2. Fig. 4. is a half sectional view showing a construction of a prior art aircraft tyre Fig. 5 is an explanatory view of a tyre building operation using a conventional building drum having a high crown height. and Fig. 6 is an explanatory view of a tyre building operation using a building drum having a low crown height. In Fig. 1. a radial tyre of sidewall over tread construction has a pair of bead rings (1) each of which serves is a core of a tyre bead portion which is to be attached to a wheel rim (not shown). Apeces 2 are fixed to the radially outer circumferences of the beads 1 to reinforce the bead and lower sidewall regions. One or more ply layers 3 (e.g. five layers) of an inner carcass ply comprising radially disposed cords of organic cords such as nylon, polyester or the like or inorganic fibre cords such as steel or the like are disposed at an angle of substantially 90 degrees (i.e between 80 to 90 degrees) relative to the direction of the equator of the tyre. These plies connect the above pair of beads 1,1 associated with the apices 2, by assuming a toroidal shape, with the two side portions 3A thereof being turned up respectively outwardly around the beads 1 and being terminated and adhered in the desired positions in the region between the lower parts and the upper part of the side walls. One or more (e.g. two layers) side carcass ply layers 4 are also provided. These ply layers 4 comprise radially disposed plies of organic fibre cords of nylon, polyester or the like or inorganic cords of steel or the like with the cords disposed at an angle of substantially 90 degrees (i.e. between 80 and 90 degrees) relative to the direction of the equator of the tyre. One edge 4a of the side ply layer 4 is turned down inwardly around the bead 1 and the other outer end 4b is adhered or applied to the outer surface of the inner carcass ply 3 in such a manner that the end 4b reaches the edge of the top or tread region of the tyre. The tread region is reinforced by a breaker 5 comprising layers of organic fibre cords such as nylon, polyester or the like or inorganic fibre cords such as steel or the like disposed at an angle of 0 to 90 degrees relative to the direction of the equator of the tyre (for example, cords of at least two layers crossing at an angle of 5 to 30 degrees and cord angles of all other layers are 0 degrees), which is adhered to the outer circumferential surface of the top region of the above inner carcass ply in such a manner that the other ends 4b, 4b of the side carcass plies are overlain by or covered by the sides of the breaker 5. A tread 6 is adhered onto the outer circumferential surface of the breaker 5 in such a manner that both ends thereof are laid on the upper portion of the side carcass plies. Sidewalls 7 are adhered respectively to each of the outer circumferential surfaces of the side carcass plies 4. The above breaker 5 and the tread 6 constitute a band 8. It is notable that the side carcass ply 4 has one end 4a terminated at a position below the bead 1 so that it lies between the bead 1 and a rim (not shown in the drawings) when the tyre is used, and the other end 4b is held and fixed between the band 8 and the inner carcass ply 3. The inner end 4a of the side carcass ply 4 is terminated at any desired position within a zone from the bead toe to the position of the overall width of the tyre after being turned up inwardly around the bead portion. Further, there can be employed the so called tread over sidewall construction wherein the upper ends of the side walls 7 are located under the edge portions of the tread 6. Fig. 2 shows a front view partly in section of an apparatus for producing the aircraft radial tyre with a sidewall over tread construction of Fig. 1. The apparatus comprises a headstock 11 and a flat type building drum 12 having a relatively low crown height rotatably supported in like a cantilever on the front of the headstock 11. The building drum 12 has a known construction and is rotatable by a driving mechanism provided in the headstock 11. The building drum 12 has left and right drum shoulder portions 13 & 14 each capable of being moved in the axial direction. The drum shoulder portions 13, 14 are equipped with bead locking units 15, 16 each having a ring shape. The bead locking units 15 & 16 are designed so that they may be expanded or contracted in the radial direction by air bags 17 provided on the inner circumferences thereof to retain the beads through the tyre components such as the inner carcass ply and the like when they are in an expanded position. Bead locking mechanisms, 33 & 34 are thus formed comprising the bead locking portions 15, 16 and the air bags, 17, 11. At the centre of the building drum 12 between the bead locking mechanisms 33 & 34, an inflating means, for example a folded air bag 18 is provided supported by a clamp ring which is not shown in the drawings. At the respective left right drum shoulder portions 13 & 14 the folded left rolling bag 19 and right rolling bag 20 to serve as ply turn up means are respectively supported by the drum shoulder portions (3 & 14). When fluid pressure is supplied to the air bag 18 the left rolling bag 19 and the right rolling bag 20 swell in the radial direction and form a shape like a fat ring or doughnut. In another embodiment, there can be employed a so called bladderless method wherein the air bag 18 is not used but a fluid such as air is directly supplied to the inner carcass ply. A right bead setter 21 which includes a permanent magnet is mounted so that it surrounds the right hand end of the building drum 12 and can move in the axial direction. The bead 1 associated with the apex 2 shown in Fig. 1 is held when required by the magnetic force. In another embodiment, the apex 2 may be adhered or applied to the building drum at the shaping stage (for example, after the bead locking operation). A right hand rolling bag pusher 22 is also provided having a shape like a ring which serves as a ply turning means and is fixed integrally to the circumference of the right hand setter 21. At the front of the headstock 11, there is provided a left hand bead setter 23 similar to the right hand bead setter 21 and capable of being moved in the axial direction. To the circumference of the above left hand bead setter 23, there is fixed a left hand rolling bag pusher 24 similar to the above right hand rolling bag pusher 22. A transfer ring 25 which is movable in the axial direction by a driving means (indicated by dotted line) 32 (e.g. a screw shaft), is provided to serve as a band transfer means. The transfer ring 25 comprises a carrying ring 26 having a larger diameter than the outside diameter of the building drum 12 during shaping operations, and guides 27 which can move in the radial direction are positioned as bearers of multiple locations around the circumference of the carrying ring 26. Each guide 27 is connected to a piston rod of a cylinder, not shown in the drawings, and each guide 27 is movable synchronously in the radial direction by virtue of the action of these cylinders. A segment 28 having a circular arcuate shape and extending along the inner circumference of the carrying ring 26 is attached to the radially inner end of each guide 27. The transfer ring 25 can be moved by means of the driving means 32 within a range between the building drum 12 and a band building drum 29. The band building drum 29 is capable of increasing and decreasing in the diameter, and the breaker 5 and the tread 6 shown in Fig. 1 may be adhered together to form the band 8 in advance using the outer circumference of the band building drum 29. Now referring to Figs. 3 (a) through 3 (i) (partially sectional views showing a right side half of a tyre building apparatus of a single stage tyre) will be described (the first example method) of producing an aircraft radial tyre of the sidewall over tread construction such that ply creases are not caused in the region of the beads. The steps are as follows: (a) An inner liner, bead chafer and related components not shown in the drawings, are fitted to the circumferential surface of the building drum 12 whilst the drum 12 is rotated. Side carcass plies 4 are applied respectively to the circumferential surfaces of the drum shoulder portions 13, 14 on both the right and left hand sides such that one end 4a of each side carcass ply 4 covers a bead locking mechanism 33 or 34 and reaches the inner area of the outer circumferential surface thereof. Next, an inner carcass ply 3 is applied to the circumferential surface of the centre portion of the drum in such a manner that the side portions thereof are positioned on each of the above mentioned side plies. Thus there is formed an endless cylindrical ply (Fig. 3 (a)). (b) At this time, the transfer ring 25, the bead setters 21, 23 on the right and left and the rolling bag pushers 22, 24 which are integral with the bead setters as shown in Fig. 2 are in their respective stand by positions indicated by solid lines. In addition, a band 8 is built in advance and retained on the band building drum 29 as indicated by dotted lines in the drawings. The above transfer ring 25 moves to a position above the band building drum 29, and the guides 27 project inwardly in the radial direction so that the multiple segments 28 at the ends of the guides hold the band 8. At the same time, the diameter of the band building drum 29 is reduced. The bead setters 21, 23 on the right and left hold the beads 1 with their associated apeces 2, and move forward to bead setting positions above the bead locking mechanisms 33, 34 as shown in Fig. 3 (b) to stand by. (c) Then the bead locking mechanisms 33 & 34 are expanded by the air bags 17 to retain the beads 1 at predetermined positions acting through the side carcass plies 4 & the inner carcass ply 3 (Fig. 3 (c). Next, the bead setters 21, 23 on the right and left return to their original standby positions. (d) A fluid is supplied to the air bag 18, and the drum shoulder portions 13, 14 on the right and left move closer to each other. Thus the inner carcass ply 3 is inflated torodially outward in the radial direction and the shaping operation thereof is achieved (Fig. 3 (d)). (e) The rolling bags 19 & 20 on the right and left are inflated by supplying fluid pressure and then the rolling bag pushers 24, 22 move axially inwardly to the positions of the rolling bags 19 & 20. Thereby, both outer side portions 3a, 3a of the inner carcass ply and the side carcass plies 4, 4 are turned up around the beads and pressed onto the inner carcass ply 3 which has been shaped to the toroidal shape (Fig. 3 (e)). Thereafter, the rolling bags 19, 20 on the right and left sides contract, and the rolling bag pushers 24, 22 returning to the original standby positions. (f) The drum shoulder portions 13, 14 move outwardly in the axial direction (the direction indicated by an arrow in Fig 3b) by a short distance w so as to become separated from each others, and the outside diameter OD of the toroidal carcass ply is reduced to allow the transfer ring 25 to surround the toroidal carcass ply. The transfer ring 25 holding the band as described in (a) moves up to the centre of the building drum 12, and stops thereat as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2. The axial centre of the transfer ring 25 coincides with the centre of the building drum 12 and thus the centring operation is completed. (g) The drum shoulder portions 13, 14 then move again inwards in the axial direction by a short distance W so as to become closer to each other, and the outside diameter OD of the toroidal carcass ply is increased. Thereby the inner circumference of the band 8, held by the transfer ring 25, is brought into contact with the circumferential top region of the inner carcass ply and the circumferential upper portions 4b of the side carcass plies 4. Next see Fig. 3g, tread stitches 30 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow, and the edge of the band 8 is pressed and stuck to the upper portions of the side carcass plies 4 and the inner carcass ply 3. Then the side walls 7, 7 are adhered to the circumferential surfaces of the contracted rolling bags 19 & 20 on the right and left sides of the drum shoulder portions 13, 14. (h) The rolling bags 19, 20 are inflated again and the rolling bag pushers 24, 22 move closer to each other. Thus the rolling bags, 19, 20 pressed, and the side walls 7, 7 are applied to the side carcass plies 4, 4 (see Fig. 3h). (i) After the rolling bags 19, 20 contract and the rolling bag pushers 24, 22 return to their original standby positions, a sidewall stitcher 31 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 3i) and the side walls 7 are pressed onto the edge portions of the band 8 and the side carcass plies, 4. Finally, the fluid pressure in the air bag 18 is discharged, and the diameters of the bead locking mechanisms, 33, 34 are reduced by contraction of the air bags 17, and thereafter, the green tyre shaped in a toroidal shape is removed from the building drum 12. The second example method for a tyre having a tread over sidewall construction is different from the above mentioned first example method in that the step of adhering of the side walls to the circumferential surfaces turning up and assembling to the side carcass plies is carried out after the completion of the above stage (e) turning up and adhering of the inner carcass ply and side carcass plies and before the start of stage (f) (reduction of the diameter of the inner carcass ply and positioning of the band) because of the tread over sidewall construction. While in the above first and second example methods the side walls 7 are adhered to the circumferential surfaces of the rolling bags 19, 20 as shown in Fig. 3 (g) after the both side portions 3a, 3a of the inner carcass ply and side carcass plies 4 are turned up around the beads, the side walls 7 can be adhered to the under side surfaces of the side carcass plies polyethylene sheets being inserted in the third example method. In this third example method the upper half of each sidewall 7 is turned over and the above polyethylene sheets stripped off after the side walls together with the inner carcass ply and side carcass plies 4 are turned up around the beads as shown in Fig. 3 (e). Thus the band 8 is assembled to the side carcass plies 4 by means of the tread stitcher 30 as shown in Fig. (3g) and then the turned over portion of the side walls 7 can be assembled to the side carcass plies 4 and the edges of the band 8 by means of the sidewall stitcher 31. A fourth example method is for a tyre having a tread over sidewall construction and is different from the third example method in that it is not necessary to insert polyethylene sheets when the side carcasses are adhered to the side walls at stage (a), and therefore stage (f) (reduction of the diameter of the inner carcass and positioning of the band) is carried our immediately after stage (e) (turning up and adhering of the inner carcass ply together with the side carcass plies), and there is no need for the step for turning over the side walls. In a fifth example method for a tyre having sidewall over tread construction, there can be employed a process wherein the transfer ring holding the band is moved to the position in the middle of the building drum in before the start of the shaping of the inner carcass, and the outer ends of the inner carcass ply and the side carcass plies are turned up around the beads and are adhered to the toroidal inner carcass ply in the course of the shaping step, namely at a stage before the outer diameter of the inner carcass ply contacts the full width of the band. Then the shaping is completed and the full width of the band is attached to the circumferential top region of the inner carcass ply and onto the circumferential upper portions of the side carcass plies. Subsequently the side walls are adhered to the circumferential surfaces of the drum shoulder portions, and thereafter the side walls are raised by the rolling bags and assembled to the side carcasses and the edges of the tread. Further, a sixth example method for a tyre having tread over sidewall construction is different from the above mentioned fifth example in that the step of adhering of the sidewall to the circumferential surfaces of the drum shoulder portions and of pressing to the side carcass plies is carried out next to the step of turning and adhering the inner carcass ply and the side carcass plies. Still further, in a seventh example method for a tyre having sidewall over tread construction, there is employed a process wherein the side walls 7 are adhered to the under surface of the side carcass plies with polyethylene sheets inserted. Then the inner carcass ply is adhered to the circumferential surface in the middle of the building drum in such a manner that the side portions of the inner carcass ply are laid on the side carcass plies, and the band is moved to a position in the middle of the building drum by means of the transfer ring after the beads are retained by means of the bead locking mechanisms, then both side potions of the inner carcass ply, together with the side carcass plies and the side walls, are turned up around the beads in the course of the shaping operation. Subsequently the upper half of each sidewall is turned over and the polyethylene sheets are removed. Finally shaping is completed and the circumferential top region of the inner carcass ply and the circumferential upper portions of the side carcass plies are pressed the full width of the band, and the above mentioned turned over upper half portion of each sidewall is adhered to each edge of the tread. An eighth example method for a tyre having tread over sidewall construction is different from the above mentioned seventh example method in that it is not necessary to insert polyethylene sheets when the side carcasses are adhered to the side walls at stage (a) and therefore immediately after the inner carcass ply is turned up around the beads together with the side carcasses and the side walls, the shaping is carried out and completed and the circumferential top portion of the inner carcass ply, the upper portions of the side carcasses and the upper portions of the side walls are pressed to the full width of the band and there is no need of a step for turning over of the upper half of each sidewall.

Claims: 1. A radial tyre for aircraft comprising in cross section of the tyre, one or more inner carcass ply layers (3) of organic fibre cords of nylon or the like or inorganic fibre cords of steel or the like disposed at an angle of 80 to 90 degrees relative to the direction of the equator of the tyre, the ends of which are respectively turned up outwardly around a pair of beads (1), a band (8) comprising a tread (6) and a plurality of breaker layers (5) of organic fibre cords of nylon or the like or inorganic fibre cords of steel or the like disposed at an angle of 0 to 90 degrees relative to the direction of the equator of the tyre, the band being adhered to the outer surface of the top region of the carcass ply (3) and side walls (7) adhered to the outer surfaces of both side portions (3a) of the inner carcass ply (3), the tyre has a pair of one or more side carcass ply layers (4) of organic fibre cords such as nylon or the like or inorganic fibre cords such as steel or the like disposed at an angle of 80 to 90 degrees relative to the direction of the equator of the tyre the side carcass ply layers (4) being disposed between the inner carcass ply (3) and the side walls (7), one end (4a) of each side carcass ply layer (4) being turned down inwardly around the bead (1) and the other end (4b) being positioned between the inner carcass ply (3) and the side of the breaker layer (5) of the band (8) such that the side carcass ply layers (4) have their other ends (4b) anchored to band (8), characterised in that said one end (4a) of the side carcass ply layer (4) is terminated within the region extending from the bead (1) to the position of the overall width of the tyre after being turned up inwardly around the bead. 2. A method for producing the radial tyre of claim 1 characterised in that there is used a cylindrical drum (12) for tyre building which has an inflating means (18) at the centre portion and has bead locking means (33, 34) capable of being increased or decreased in diameter located respectively adjacent to the above inflating means (18) and at the drum shoulder portions on both sides of the above centre portion and ply turn up means (19, 20) on the outside in axial direction of the above bead locking means, (33, 34) and the method comprises a step of assembling one or more side carcass ply layers, of organic fibre cords such as nylon or the like or inorganic fibre cords such as steel or the like disposed at an angle of 80 to 90 degrees relative to the direction of the equator of the tyre, onto the circumferential surfaces of the above drum shoulder portions (9, 20) and the circumferential surfaces of the above bead locking means (33, 34), a step of adhering one or more inner carcass ply layers, (3) comprising organic fibre cords such as nylon or the like or inorganic fibre cords such as steel or the like disposed at an angle of 80 to 90 degrees relative to the direction of the equator of the tyre, onto the circumferential surface of the above centre portion (18) so that both side carcass plies 4 are covered by the side portions thereof, a step of holding the bead by increasing the diameter of the bead locking means (33, 34) after positioning the bead above the bead locking means (33, 34) on each side, a step of shaping the inner carcass ply (3) into a toroidal shape by inflating the inner carcass ply (3) by means of the inflating means (19) and concurrently by moving both drum shoulder portions (13, 14) nearer to each other in the axial direction, a step of turning both side portions (3a) of the inner carcass ply (3) and the side carcass plies (4) radially outwards around the bead (1) using the ply turn up means and of adhering them onto the inner carcass ply (3) having a toroidal shape, and a step of attaching a band (9) comprising a tread (6) and a plurality of breaker layers (5) comprising organic fibre cords such as nylon or the like or inorganic fibre cords of steel or the like disposed at an angle of 0 to 90 degrees relative to the direction of the equator of the tyre, onto the circumferential top region of the inner carcass ply (3) having a toroidal shape and on the outer circumferential portions of the upper parts of both turned up side carcass plies by means of a transfer means (25). 3. The method of claim 2 for producing a radial tyre for aircraft characterised in that both side portions (3a) of the inner carcass ply (3) and the side carcass plies (4) are turned around the bead (1) and adhered to the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) and then the drum shoulder portions (13, 14) are moved apart in the axial direction by a short distance so that the outside diameter (OD) of the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) is reduced, and thereafter the band (8) comprising the breaker (5) and the tread (6) is positioned above the circumferential top region of the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) by means of the transfer means (25) subsequently the drum shoulder portions (13, 14) are moved inwardly in the axial direction by a short distance so the band (8) is adhered to the circumferential top region of the toroidal carcass ply (3) and to the outer circumferences of the upper portions of both turned up side carcass plies (3a). 4. The method of Claim 2 or Claim 3 for producing a radial tyre for aircraft characterised in that the side walls (7) are adhered to the circumferential surfaces (19, 20) of the drum shoulder portions (13, 14) on the right and left sides after the band (8) is adhered to the outer circumferences of the inner carcass ply (3) and to the outer circumferences of the upper portions of the both side carcass plies (3) subsequently the side walls (7) are again adhered to the above side carcass plies by means of the ply turn up means (19, 20). 5. The method of claims 2 or claim 3 for producing a radial tyre for aircraft characterised in that both side portions (3a) of the inner carcass ply (3) and the side carcass plies (4) are turned up outwardly around the beads (1) and are adhered to the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) and thereafter the side walls (7) are adhered to the circumferential surface of the drum shoulder portions (19, 20) on the right and left sides, and subsequently the side walls (2) are adhered to the above side carcass plies (4) bi means of the ply turn up means (19, 20). 6. A method for producing the radial tyre of claim 1 characterised in that there is used a cylindrical drum for tyre building which has an inflating means (18) at the centre portion (18) and has bead locking means (15, 16) capable of being increased or decreased in diameter located respectively adjacent to the above inflating means (18) and at the drum shoulder portions on both sides of the above centre portion (18) ply turn up means (19, 20) on the outside in the axial direction of the above bead locking means (15, 16), and the method comprises the step of adhering side walls (7) to the circumferential surfaces of the drum shoulder portions (19, 20) on the right and left sides, the step of adhering one or more side carcass ply layers onto the upper surface of each side wall with polyethylene sheet inserted there between the step of adhering one or more inner carcass ply layers onto the circumferential surface of the above centre portion (18) so that both side carcass plies are covered by the side portions thereof, the step of locking a bead (1) after positioning the bead above the bead locking means (15, 16) on each the step of shaping the inner carcass ply (3) into a toroidal shape by inflating the inner carcass ply by means of the inflating means (18) and conrurrently moving both drum shoulder portions (19, 20) nearer to each other in the axial direction, the step of turning up both side portions, (3a) of the inner carcass ply (3) and the side carcass plies (4) and the side walls (7) outwardly around the bead (1) and of adhering them to the inner carcass ply (3) having its toroidal shape, the step of turning over the upper half of each side wall and of stripping off the above polyethylene sheet, the step of positioning a band (8) comprising a breaker (5) and a tread (6) at a position above the circumferential top region of the inner carcass ply having its toroidal shape and of subsequently adhering the band (8) to the circumferential top region of the inner carcass ply (3) and to the outer circumferential portions of the upper parts of the both turned up side carcass plies (4), and the step of pressing and sticking the turned over portions of the side walls onto the side carcass plies and the edges of the bans (8). 7. The method of claim 6 for producing a radial tyre for aircraft characterised in that the drum shoulder portions (19, 20) on the right and left sides are moved by a short distance in the axial direction so as to become apart from each other so that the outside diameter of the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) is reduced after the upper half of each side wall is turned over and the polyethylene sheet is stripped off, and after the band (8) comprising the breaker (5) and the tread (6) is positioned above the circumferential top region of the toroidal inner carcass (3) the drum shoulder portions (19, 20) on the right and left sides are moved by short distances in the axial direction so as to become closer to each other so that the outside diameter of the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) is increased and the above band (8) is adhered to the circumferential top region of the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) and to the outside circumferential of the upper portions of the both side carcass plies (4). 8. A method for producing the radial tyre of claim 1 characterised in that there is used a cylindrical drum for tyre building which has an inflating means (18) at the centre portion and has bead locking means (15, 16) capable of being increased or decreased in diameter located respectively adjacent to the above inflating means (18) and at the drum shoulder portions on both sides of the above centre portion (18) and ply turn up means (19, 20) on the outside in axial direction of the above bead locking means (15, 16) and the method comprises the step of adhering side walls (7) to the circumferential surfaces of the drum shoulder portions (19, 20) on the right and left sides, the step of adhering one or more side carcass ply layers (3a) onto the circumferential surfaces of the above drum shoulder portion (19, 20) and the circumferential surface of the above bead locking means, (15, 16) on each the step of adhering one or more inner carcass ply layers onto the circumferential surface of the above centre portion (18) so that both side carcass plies are covered by the side portions thereof the step of locking a bead (1) by increasing the diameter of the bead locking means (15, 16) after positioning the bead (1) above the bead locking means (15, 16) on each side the step of shaping the inner carcass ply (3) into a toroidal shape by inflating the inner carcass ply (2) by means of the inflating means (18) and concurrently by moving both drum shoulder portions (15, 16) nearer to each other in the axial direction the step of turning up both side portions (3a) of the inner carcass ply (3) and the side carcass plies (4) outwardly around the bead (1) by the ply turn up means (19, 20) and of adhering them to the inner carcass ply (3) having a toroidal shape, and the step of positioning a band (8) comprising a breaker (5) and a tread (6) at the position above the circumferential top region of the inner carcass ply (3) having a toroidal shape of subsequently adhering the band (8) to the circumferential top region of the inner carcass ply (3) and to the outer circumferential portions of the upper parts of the both turned up side carcass plies (4). 9. The method of claim 8 for producing a radial tyre for aircraft characterised in that the drum shoulder portions (19, 20) on the right and left sides are moved by short distances in the axial direction so as to become apart from each other so that the outside diameter of the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) is reduced after both side portions (3a) of the inner carcass ply (3) and the side carcass plies (4) are turned up around the beads (1) and adhering to the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) and after the band comprising the breaker (5) and the tread (6) is positioned above the circumferential top region of the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) by means of the transfer means, the drum shoulder portions (19, 20) on the right and left sides are moved by short distances in the axial direction so as to become closer to each other so that the outside diameter of the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) is increased and the above band (8) is adhered to the circumferential top region of the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) and to the outside circumferential of the upper portions of the both side carcass plies (4). 10. A method for producing the radial tyre of claim 1, characterised in that there is used a cylindrical drum for tyre building which has an inflating means (18) at the centre portion and has bead locking means (15, 16) capable of being increased or decreased in diameter located respectively adjacent to the above inflating means (18) and at the drum shoulder portions (19, 20) on both sides of the above centre portion and ply turn up means on the outside in the axial direction of the above bead locking means (15, 16) and the method comprises the step of adhering one or more side carcass ply layers onto the above drum shoulder portions (19, 20) and the circumferential surface of the bead locking means (15, 16) on each both sides, the step of adhering one or more inner carcass ply layers (3) onto the circumferential surface of the above centre portion (18) so that both side carcass plies are covered by the side portions thereof, the step of locking a bead (1) by increasing the diameter of the bead locking means (15, 16) after positioning the bead (1) above the bead locking means (15, 16) on each the step of positioning the band (8) comprising the breaker (5) and the tread (6) at a position above the circumferential top region of the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) by means of a transfer means (25) the step of turning up the outer side portions (3A) of the inner carcass ply (3) and the side carcass plies (4) around the beads (1) and of adhering them to the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) at a stage before the outside diameter of the inner carcass ply (3) contacts with the full width of the band (8) in the course of the shaping operation of then inner carcass ply (3) into the toroidal shape by inflating the inner carcass ply (3) by means of the inflating means (18) and concurrently by moving the both drum shoulder portions (19, 20) nearer to each other in the axial direction, and step of completing the shaping operation and of pressing and sticking the full width of the band (8) onto the circumferential top region of the inner carcass ply (3) and the upper portions of the side carcass plies (4). 11. The method of claim 10 for producing a radial tyre for aircraft characterised in that side walls (7) are adhered to the circumferential surfaces of the drum shoulder portions (19, 20) on the right and left sides after the band (8) is adhered to the circumferential surfaces of the inner carcass ply (3) and on the outer circumferential of the upper portions of the both side carcass plies, subsequently the side walls (7) are adhered to the above side carcass plies by means of the ply turn means (19, 20). 12. The method of claim 10 for producing a radial tyre for aircrafts characterised in that the side walls (7) are adhered to the circumferential surfaces of the drum shoulder portions (19, 20) on the right and left sides after both side portions (3a) of the inner carcass ply (3) and the side carcass plies (4) are turned up around the beads (11) and adhered to the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) subsequently the side walls (7) are adhered to the above side carcass plies (4) by means of the ply turn up means (19, 20). 13. A method for producing the radial tyre of claim 1 characterised in that there is used a cylindrical drum for tyre building which has an inflating means (180 at the centre portion and has bead locking means (15, 16) capable of being increased or decreased in diameter located respectively adjacent to the above inflating means (18) and at the drum shoulder portions on both sides of the above centre portion and ply turn up means (19, 20) on the outside in axial direction of the above bead locking means (15, 16) wherein the method comprises the step of adhering the side walls (7) to the circumferential surfaces of the drum shoulder portions (19, 20) on the right and left sides, the step of adhering one or more side carcass ply layers (4) to the upper surface of each side wall (3) with polyethylene sheet being inserted, the step of adhering one or more inner carcass ply layers (3) to the circumferential surface of the above centre portion (18) so that the both side carcass plies are covered by the side portion thereof, the step of locking a bead by increasing the diameter of bead locking means (15, 16) after positioning the bead (1) above the bead locking means on each side, the step of positioning a band (8) comprising a breaker (5) and tread (6) at a position above the circumferential top region of the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) by means of a transfer means (25) the step of turning up the outer side portions (4a) of the inner carcass ply and the side carcass plies (4) around the beads (1) and of adhering them to the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) at the stage before the outside diameter of the inner carcass ply (3) contacts with the full width of the band (8) in the course of the shaping operation of the inner carcass ply into a toroidal shape by inflating the inner carcass ply by means of the inflating means (18) and concurrently by moving both drum shoulder portions (19, 20) nearer to each other in the axial direction, the step of turning over the upper half of each side wall and of stripping off the above polyethylene sheet, the step of completing the shaping operation and of pressing and sticking the full width of the band (8) onto the circumferential top region of the inner carcass ply (3) and the upper portions of the side carcass plies, (4) and step of pressing and sticking the turned over portions of the side walls (2) onto the side carcass plies (4) and the edges of the band (8). 14. A method for producing the radial tyre of claim 1 characterised in that there is used a cylindrical drum for tyre building which has an inflating means (18) at the centre portion and has bead locking means (15, 16) capable of being increased or decreased in diameter located respectively adjacent to the above inflating means (18) and drum shoulder portions (19, 20) on both sides of the above centre portion and ply turn up means (19, 20) on the outside in the axial direction of the above bead locking means (15, 16) and the method comprises the step of adhering side walls (7) to the circumferential surface of the drum shoulderportions (19, 20) on the right and left sides the step of adhering one or more side carcass ply layers (4) to the above drum shoulder portion (19, 20) and the circumferential surface of the bead locking means (19, 20) on each the step of adhering one or more inner carcass ply layers (3) to the circumferential surface of the above centre portion (18) so that the both side carcass plies are covered by the side portions thereof, the step of locking a bead 91 by increasing the diameter of the bead locking means (15, 16) after positioning the bead (1) above the bead locking means on each the step of positioning a band (8) comprising a breaker (5) and tread (6) at a position above the circumferential top region of the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) by means of a transfer means (25) the step of turning up the outer side portions (3a) of the inner carcass ply (3) the side carcass plies (4) and the side walls (7) around the beads (1) and of adhering them to the toroidal inner carcass ply (3) at a stage before the outside diameter of the inner carcass ply (3) contacts with the full width of the band (8) in the course of the shaping operation of the inner carcass ply into a toroidal shape by inflating the inner carcass ply by means of the inflating means (18) and concurrently by moving both drums shoulder portions (19, 20) nearer to each other in the axial direction, and the step of completing the shaping operation and of pressing and sticking the full width of the band (8) onto the circumferential top region of the inner carcass ply (3) and the upper portions of the side carcass plies (4).

Inventors: UEYOKO, KIYOSHI
Applicants: SUMITOMO RUBBER INDUSTRIES LIMITED
Application year: 1987
Main classification: B60C13
IPC codes: B60C9, B29D30