ORBIT CLOCK

Abstract: A clock of novel design incorporates both digital and analog aspects. An ''hour'' ball (42) riding a vertically oriented spiral raceway (12) is lifted in a straight line from the bottom of the outer spiral (16) to the bottom of the inner spiral (14) as the raceway rotates at the rate of one revolution per hour, its presence on a given spiral constituting a digital selection of the hour associated with that given spiral. A ''minute'' ball (60) is fixedly mounted on the raceway periphery, its rotational orientation constituting an analog selection of the minutes.

Description: ORBIT CLOCK The present invention relates to apparatus for telling time, such as clocks and calendars, and more particularly relates to novel apparatus of that type having both digital and analog aspects. Strictly analog clocks present certain difficulties to children first learning to read them. For example, if the correct time is 2:30, the child has no trouble with the minute portion of the time because the minute hand is pointing exactly to the 30-minute indicator; however, the hour hand is confusing because it is not pointing at the two hour indicator but rather at a location midway between the two and the three hour indicators. A further difficulty encountered in teaching children to tell time is that the child rapidly gets bored as, despite an abundance of superficial variations in their detail, most analog clocks function on similar principles and appear functionally equivalent. Indeed, this boring sameness among analog clocks is depressing not merely to children, but to adults as well. Clear evidence of this is found in watch pieces and clocks such as those which incorporate on the face one or more rotating spirals to provide an interesting background for an otherwise completely conventional analog hand and face arrangement. 0 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide apparatus for telling time which incorporates both analog and digital features. Another object is to provide such apparatus which is both easy and interesting for children to use as they learn to tell time. A further object is to provide such apparatus which is of such strikingly novel design and functionality that it makes a novel aesthetic statement and is therefore desirable for use even when children are not present. Yet another object is to provide such apparatus which is of simple, reliable and rugged construction, yet economical to manufacture and maintain. It has now been found that the above and related objects of the present invention are achieved in a time-keeping apparatus, such as a clock or calendar, which incorporates both analog and digital features. More particularly, the apparatus comprises a rotatable spiral raceway having an inner spiral, an outer spiral and a plurality of intercommunicating intermediate spirals therebetween. Means are provided for supporting the raceway in a vertical orientation and for rotating that raceway in a given direction at a given rate (that is, a given number of rotations in a given unit of time) . A first indicator means, such as o a ball, is mounted within the raceway and adapted for movement relative thereto along the spirals under the influence of gravity as the raceway rotates. The apparatus further comprises a vertically extending set of indicia and means for associating each of the indicia with each of the spirals. Rotation of the raceway causes the first indicator means to be lifted in a straight line from the bottom of the outer spiral to the bottom of the inner spiral, the presence of the first indicator means in a given spiral being a selection of the indicia associated with that spiral. Preferably a vertically extending pathway provides communication for the first indicator means between the inner and outer spirals, gravity causing the return of the first indicator means from the end of the inner spiral through the passageway to the beginning of the outer spiral. A second indicator means is preferably mounted on the raceway for rotary movement therewith, the disposition of the second indicator means providing information in addition to ' that provided by said indicia. A preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a clock. In this embodiment, the raceway defines a multiple of twelve full spirals, typically just twelve full spirals with the associating means associating the numeral "11" with the inner full spiral and the number "12" with the outer full spiral. The rotating means rotates the raceway in the clockwise direction at the rate of one spiral per hour, the associating means associates the indicia of specific hours with respective ones of such spirals, and the first and second indicator means indicate hours and minutes, respectively. Preferably the second indicator means is mounted on the outer periphery of the raceway, outwardly of the associating means so that the travel path of the second indicator means is not intercepted by the associating means. Generally, in embodiments having the pathway, the first indicator means and the pathway are disposed on opposite faces of the raceway, the pathway being configured and dimensioned to enable the first indicator means to travel from the inner spiral to the* outer spiral under the influence of gravity. To facilitate reading of the indicia indicated by the first indicator means, the associating means gradually raises each of the indicia a fixed distance as the rotating means rotates the raceway and then sharply returns each of the indicia to its original level upon completion of a full rotation. In this manner, the associating means maintains one of the indicia at the same vertical level as the first indicator means as the rotating means rotates the raceway through a full rotation, thereby to uniquely identify the indicium for the particular full rotation. Such associating means preferably comprises a cam centrally disposed for rotation therewith. The set of indicia comprises a strip containing indicia disposed in vertical alignment, the strip being suspended from and its vertical level determined by the cam. Either the strip or the first indicator means is transparent, the strip preferably being transparent (except for the indicia) and disposed in front of the raceway and the first indicator means. A preferred first indicator means comprises an opaque member rotatable along the raceway, such as an opaque ball, and viewable through the transparent strip. Another preferred embodiment of the present invention, one not requiring a second indicator means, comprises a monthly calendar which indicates the particular day of the month. In such an embodiment, the raceway defines 31 spirals, the rotating means rotates the raceway at the rate of one spiral per day, the associating means associates the indicia of specific days of the month with respective spirals, and the first indicator means indicates days. In such a monthly calendar embodiment, as is the case with many date and time watches, manual intervention is required in the case of short months. The above brief description, as well as further objects and features, will be more fully understood by reference to the following detailed description of the presently preferred, albeit illustrative, embodiments of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing wherein: Fig. 1 is a front elevation view of a clock according to the present invention-; Fig. 2 is a side elevation view of the clock attached to a wall; Fig. 3 is fragmentary, partially exploded isometric view of the clock, to an enlarged scale; and Fig. 4 is a fragmentary side elevation view of the clock taken along the line 4-4 of Fig. 1, to an enlarged scale, and with the transparent panel removed, with the first indicator means being illustrated in phantom line returning from the inner spiral through the passageway to the outer spiral. Referring now to the drawing, and in particular to Figs. 1 and 2 thereof, therein illustrated is a clock, generally designated by the element numeral 10, according to the present invention. The face of the clock 10 comprises a vertically oriented rotatable spiral raceway generally designated 12, disposed within a stationary open faced cylindrical support frame 13. The raceway 12 defines an inner full spiral 14, an outer full spiral 16 and a plurality of intercommunicating intermediate full spirals 18 therebetween. While only twelve full spirals (including the inner spiral 14 and outer spiral 16) are shown here, in a clock adapted to give military or 24-hσur readings, the raceway would define 24 full spirals. Partial spirals — i.e., spirals not making a full revolution spiral — extend outwardly from outer spiral 16 and inwardly from inner spiral 14, the width of these partial spirals tapering down to provide the raceway a circular interior and exterior. To maintain the raceway 12 vertical, it is supported on a vertical surface, such as a wall 20, by a backing plate 21 connected to the wall by a nail 24 or other conventional means of attachment. A battery-driven lightweight motor 26 extending through frame 13 is mounted on the backing plate 21 and supports the central hub 22 of the raceway 12, the motor 26 being adapted to rotate the hub 22 and therefore the entire raceway 12 at the rate of one spiral per hour. (Of course, alternatively the motor 26 may be of the conventional AC type energized by a wall outlet, if desired.) In order to associate each of the spirals 14, 16 or 18 with a given hour of the day, a vertically extending set of twelve opaque indicia 30 are provided on a vertically extending strip 32. The height of each indicium 30 is preferably just about sufficient to occupy the gap between the bottoms of adjacent spirals. The indicia begin with "12" at the outer spiral 16, then commence with "1" on the next inward spiral 18 and progress upwardly from there, terminating with "11" at the inner spiral 14. Central hub 22 is centrally apertured to define an internal cam 20 which rotates with the hub 22. The strip 32 is suspended from a camming pin 34 which rides the periphery of the cam 40 so that the vertical level of the strip 32, and therefore the indicia 30 disposed in vertical alignment thereon, is determined by the rotational orientation of the cam 40 (which corresponds to the rotational orientation of the hub 22 and raceway 12). The surface of the cam 40 on which the strip 32 rides is configured and dimensioned so as to gradually raise the strip and indicia thereon a fixed distance as the rotating means or motor 26 slowly rotates the raceway 12, and then permit gravity to quickly return the strip and indicia to their original level upon completion of the full rotation. To this end, the cam 40 has a camming surface somewhat resembling a comma, as best seen in Figs. 1 and 3. A first indicator means, such as the ball 42 (shown behind the indicium "3" in Fig. 1), is mounted within the raceway 12 and adapted for movement relative thereto along the spirals 16, 18, 14 under the influence of gravity as the raceway rotates. Thus, as the raceway 12 rotates in the clockwise direction (as indicated by the arrows 44 in Fig. 1), the ball 42, by simply staying in place with respect to the rotation, travels relatively in the opposite direction (see arrow 46 in Fig. 3) . More particularly, gravity acts to maintain the ball 42 at the bottom point of each spiral as the spiral moves so that rotation of the raceway effectively causes the ball 42 to be lifted in a straight line from the bottom of the outer spiral 16, along the intermediate spirals 18, to the bottom of the inner spiral 14 (as shown by the arrow 48 of Fig. 4) . The ball 42 may be any member (such as a cylinder) rotatable along the raceway and of sufficient weight that it remains in place despite the minimal frictional forces which may tend to carry the ball 42 along the spiral on which it rests. The presence of the ball 42 in a given spiral 14, 16 or 18, constitutes a selection of the indicium associated with that spiral — namely, a selection of the specific hour. It will be appreciated that the action of cam 40 maintains the indicia associated with that particular spiral at the same vertical level as the ball 42 as the motor 26 rotates the raceway 12 through substantially a full rotation, thereby uniquely identifying that indicium or hour for the particular full rotation. Thus, when the ball 42 is indicating the hour of "3", the ball 42 indicates the "3" in the same manner from 3:00 o'clock through 3:59 o'clock (with the cam 40 lifting the strip 32 and the indicium "3" thereon at precisely the same rate as the ball 42 is lifted by the spiral 18). At 4 o'clock exactly, the cam 40 drops the strip 32 the same distance it previously raised it so that the indicium "4" is now at the same vertical level as the ball 42. Now the ball 42 and the indicium π 4 π begin their simultaneous journey upward, the former under the influence of the spiral 18 and the latter under the influence of the cam 40. Preferably the strip 32 is transparent except for the opaque indicia 30 and disposed in front of the raceway 12 and the opaque ball 42. A broad variety of other interactions between the ball 42 and the strip 32 are possible without detracting from the ability of the ball 42 to denote a particular indicium 30. For example, the ball 42 may be transparent but colored, or the strip 32 may be opaque and the ball 42 of sufficient diameter to enable it to be seen protruding from behind the strip to the sides thereof. To prevent escape of the ball 42 from the raceway 12, a transparent panel 43 (see Fig. 2) may be removably mounted on the raceway, the panel being removed in order to "set" the hour indicator by appropriate placement of the ball 42 on the appropriate spiral 14, 16 or 18. The panel 43 is, of course, unnecessary where the strip 32 is of sufficient weight and strength to restrain ball 42 from accidentally falling out of the raceway 12 as a result of vibration, accidental jostling or the like. In order to provide for return of the ball 42 from the inner spiral 14 to the outer spiral 16 at the end of a twelve hour cycle, there is a vertically extending passageway or pathway 50 defining an entry port 52 disposed at the end of the inner spiral 14 (actually the beginning of the partial spiral 14' disposed inwardly of inner spiral 14) and an exit port 54 disposed at the beginning of outer spiral 16. Thus, at 12:00, the ball 42, having completed its travel along the length of inner spiral 14 associated with the indicium "11" , enters entry port 52 is caused by gravity to drop through passageway 50, and exits exit port 54 onto the beginning of outer spiral 60, where its interaction with the indicia 30 indicates that the indicium "12" is selected. The path of travel of ball 42 through passageway 50 is clearly indicated in Fig. 4 by the phantom-line ball 42', and the arrows 56. The passageway 50 is preferably disposed on the opposite face of the raceway 12 from the ball 42 so that the bulk of passageway 50 is not visible to a viewer and the ball 42 appears to simply disappear from the inner spiral, and as if by magic, appear at the outer spiral at the appropriate time. It will be appreciated that in a "month calendar" embodiment of the present invention wherein there are 31 spirals 14, 16 and 18 and indicia 30 ranging from "1" at the bottom through "31" at the top, some manual intervention will be required in the case of short months, as is the present practice with calendar watches. In such an embodiment, the motor 26 is geared so that a full rotation of the raceway requires a full day and, at the end of the last day of a short month, the ball 42 may simply be dropped into the entry port 52 or manually placed adjacent the exit port 54. Returning now to the clock embodiment of the present invention, a second indicator means, such as ball 60, is fixedly mounted on the raceway 12 for rotation therewith, the disposition of the ball 60 providing information in addition to that provided by the indicia 30 on the strip 32. More specifically, the ball 60 acts as a minute hand, its spatial orientation on an imaginary clock face showing the minutes. If desired, a clock face arrangement may be provided with the clock face extending outwardly from the outer periphery of raceway 12 so that the number of minutes may be more precisely determined by the interaction of the ball 60 and the clock face numerals. Especially if the clock is being used to instruct children, it is desirable that the clock face indicate not the hours "i" through "12", but rather the minutes "1" through "60", a feature possible because the hours are indicated digitally. The second indicator means 60 can be provided in a variety of shapes and may be mounted other than on the outer periphery of the raceway 12, the only limitation being it be mounted outwardly or to the rear of the associating means 32 so that its travel path is not intercepted by the associating means. 5 To set a clock according to the present invention, the raceway 12 is simply rotated in a clockwise direction to position the second indicator means 60 at the appropriate orientation for the minutes, this motion having the effect of properly ° positioning the cam 40 and the indicia-carrying strip 32. Then the first indicator means 42 is simply placed on the spiral associated with the correct indicium 30 for the hours. The ball 42 can be placed on either side of the strip 32, and gravity will cause the ball 42 to travel to the bottom position of the spiral, as desired. If a transparent window 43 has been provided, the window need simply be lifted or temporarily moved for the setting operation. To summarize, a clock according to the present invention incorporates both digital and analog features, the hour selection being determined in digital fashion by the interaction of the first indicator means and the indicia on the strip and the minute selection being determined in analog fashion by the angular orientation of the second indicator means. The digital hour feature and the possibility of having the minute hand indicator travel along a clockface indicating minutes as "1" through "60" render the apparatus both easy and interesting for children to use as they learn to tell time. Furthermore, the clock is of such strikingly novel design and functionality that it makes an aesthetic statement and is therefore desirable for use even when children are not present. The clock is of simple, reliable, and rugged construction, yet economical to manufacture and maintain. Now that the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail, various modifications and improvements thereon will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the spirit and scope of the present invention is to be limited only by the appended claims, and not by the foregoing disclosure.

Claims: 120787 19 AMENDED CLAIMS [received by the International Bureau on 29 December 1987 (29.12.87) original claims 1 and 16 amended; claims 17 and 18 cancelled; other claims unchanged (2 pages)] 1. Apparatus comprising (A) a rotatable spiral raceway having an inner spiral, an outer spiral, and at least one intercoirtmunieating intermediate spiral therebetween; (B) means for supporting said raceway in a vertical orientation; (C) means for rotating said raceway in a given direction at a given rate; (D) first indicator means mounted within said raceway and adapted for movement relative thereto along said spirals under the influence of gravity as said raceway rotates; (E) a vertically extending set of indicia; and (F) means for associating each of said indicia with respective spiral; whereby rotation to said raceway causes said first indicator means to be lifted in a straight line from the bottom of said outer spiral to the bottom of said inner spiral, the presence of said first indicator means in a given spiral being a selection of the indicium associated with spiral. 2. The apparatus of Claim 1 wherein a vertically extending pathway provides communication for said first indicator means between said inner and outer spiral, whereby gravity causes the return of said first indicator means from 15. The apparatus of Claim 14 wherein said first indicator means comprises art opaque member rotatable along said raceway. 16. A clock having an hour-indicating mechanism and a minute-indicating mechanism, said clock comprising: (A) digital means, including a driven component, for indicating the hour for the entire hour without apparent change, (B) analog means, including a driven component, for indicating the minutes, and (C) means for driving said driven components of said analog means and said digital means at the same rate of angular rotation. STATEMENTUNDERARTICLE19 restricted due to the requirement of "a plurality" of such intercommunicating intermediate spirals between the inner and outer spirals. In other words, the principles of the present invention are equally applicable to a three-spiral apparatus as to a twelve-spiral apparatus (as shown in the drawing) . While this Amendment enlarges the scope of the claim, based upon the prior art cited to date it is not believed to require an additional search. Claims 17-18 are deleted. Claim 16 has been amended to require that the digital means for indicating the hour performs that function "for the entire hour without any apparent change," and that the driven components of both the hour- indicating mechanism and minute-indicating mechanism are both driven "at the same rate of angular rotation." This feature allows a single motor to be used as the drive means without separate step-up or step-down gearing for the hour-indicating and minute-indicating systems. Of course, this is simply a description of what naturally occurs in Applicant's clock where the only element being driven is the rotating raceway, including its hub at the center and the second indicator means affixed to its periphery.

Inventors: RUBIN KENNETH, RUBIN, KENNETH
Applicants: RUBIN KENNETH, RUBIN, KENNETH
Application year: 1987
Main classification: G04B19
IPC codes: G04B19