A VALVE FOR DISPENSING FLUID FROM A CONTAINER

Abstract: The valve comprises a closure member (20) adapted for attachment to the container (21), said closure member defining an aperture therein. A hollow grommet (22) of flexible material having a flange portion (27) to one side of the closure member and a tubular portion (28) extends through the aperture in the closure member. A valve rod (23) having at one end a flange (30) engaged with the underside of the flange of the grommet and a hollow stem portion (31) extending through the grommet to protrude therefrom such that upon tilting of the valve rod relative to the closure member the flange of the valve rod parts from the underside of the flange of the grommet to uncover a radial hole in the stem portion through which pressurised fluid can pass into the hollow stem portion for dispensing. A gallery (24) is provided in between the grommet and flange of the valve rod and arranged to admit pressurizing gas through the closure member into the container when the valve rod is tilted.

Description: This invention relates to a valve for dispensing fluid from a container according to the first part of claim 1. A valve for dispensing pressurised fluid from a container is known from US-A-2704 172. This known valve comprises a closure member adapted for attachment to the container, said closure member defining an aperture therein; a hollow grommet of flexible material having a planar flange portion to one side of the closure member and tubular portion extending through the aperture in the closing member; and a valve rod having at one end a flange engaged with the inwardly facing side of the planar flange portion of the grommet and a hollow stem portion extending through the grommet to protrude therefrom so that upon tilting of the valve rod relative to the closure member the flange of the valve rod parts from the underside of the flange of the grommet to uncover a radial hole in the stem portion through which pressurised fluid can pass into the hollow stem portion for dispensing. One such valve is known as the "CLAYTON VALVE" and is used on aerosol cans to dispense pasty products. However, such valves only dispense the product: they are not adapted to permit repressuring of the can during dispensing. Nor does the CLAYTON VALVE have a dip tube to reach to a desired location in the container so these valves cannot be used to dispense a sparkling wine or carbonated beverage while maintaining a pressure in the container to preserve the quality of the drink. According to this invention there is provided a valve having a gallery in between the grommet and flange of the valve rod is arranged to admit pressuring gas through the closure member into the container. The gallery may either be defined by an annular recess in the material of the closure member or alternatively by a recess in the upper face of the flange of the grommet. In either arrangement a passageway for gas is provided through the closure member so that pressurised gas may be fed to the gallery. A suitable pipe union may be provided. In one embodiment of the valve a skirt portion depends from the periphery of the flange of the grommet to surround the flange of the valve rod and extend to a free end adapted to receive a dip tube. In a described embodiment the closure member has a skirt portion provided with a female screw thread for engagement with a male thread in a bottle. However any other known method of fixing a closure to a beverage container may be used if desired; for example a crimped on crown or a double seam if the closure be a can end. A pouring adapter or nozzle may be snap fitted onto the protruding end of the valve rod if desired so that pressure applied to the adapter opens the valve. In a further aspect this invention provides the valve when fitted to a bottle containing a pressurised fluid and connected to a pressure regulator fitted on a can containing carbon dioxide under pressure so that when in use gas pressure in the bottle is regulated to a desired pressure at all states of emptying of the bottle. One embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings, in which: Figure 1a is a part section side view of a prior art valve; Figure 1b is a section view of the valve of Figure 1 when open; Figure 2 is a perspective sketch of a beverage dispensing package incorporating a valve according to the invention; Figure 3 is a sectioned side view of a valve according to the invention when closed; and Figure 4 is a like view of the same valve when open. Figures 1a and 1b show that a prior art valve 1 known as the "CLAYTON VALVE" comprises a metal mounting cup 2, a hollow grommet 4 and a hollow valve rod 8 which is tilted relative to the mounting cup 2 to open the valve. The mounting cup 2 has a peripheral curl 3 shaped to permit attachment to a neck of an aerosol can by swaging the cup into an aperture in the neck (not shown). The hollow grommet of flexible material has a flange 5 in contact with the underside of the cup 2 (as drawn) and an annular portion 6 extending through an aperture 7 in the cup. The hollow valve rod 8 has a flange 9 engaged with the inwardly facing side of the grommet flange 5 and a hollow stem 10 extending through the grommet 4 to protrude therefrom. The protruding portion is provided with a screw thread to receive a screw cap (not shown). When the valve rod 8 is tilted relative to the mounting cup 2 the flange 9 of the valve rod parts from the underside of the grommet flange 5 to uncover a radial hole 11 in the stem portion 10 so that a pressurised product in an aerosol can may pass through the radial hole 11 into the hollow stem for dispensing. This prior art valve is designed to dispense product under vapour pressure from a propellant. In spite of the theoretical constancy of vapour pressure at a fixed ambient temperature there remains a risk that the vapour pressure will abate if there is insufficient propellant and some product may not be dispensed. If a pressurised gas is used instead of a propellant the propelling pressure will inevitably abate as predicted by Charles Law so there remains a need to replenish the headspace pressure in containers dispensing pressurised fluids. Figure 2 shows a beverage dispensing package comprising an outer cardboard box 12, an aerosol-type can 13 containing carbon dioxide under pressure (about 1 MPa) and a bottle 14 containing a carbonated drink. A regulator 15 passes carbon dioxide at a controlled pressure through a pipe 16 and closure 17 into the bottle 14 to replenish the pressure in the headspace of the bottle when some of the drink is dispensed through valve 18. The reader is directed to our British Patent No 2 185 537, published after the priority date of the present patent, for description of a suitable regulator and the benefits afforded by such a disposable system. This invention relates to an improved valve, herein denoted 18, which may be fitted to a variety of known bottle or can closures as are used in the drinks trade. In Figure 3 the valve 18 comprises a closure member in the form of a screw cap 20 moulded from a plastics material to fit on a bottle neck 21, a hollow grommet 22 sealingly engaged with an aperture in the screw cap, a hollow valve rod 23 and means to introduce pressurised gas into a gallery 24 between the grommet 2 and the interior of the screw cap 20. Tilting of the valve rod 23 relative to the screw cap 20 not only opens an exit path for the contents of the bottle but also opens a path for entry of pressurised gas into the gallery 24 and headspace to maintain gas pressure in the bottle. Referring to Figure 3 it will be seen that the screw cap 20 comprises a substantially flat closure wall 25 and a peripheral dependent skirt 26 having internal threads to engage with complementary threads on the bottle neck 21 to pull the end wall into sealing engagement with the end of the neck 21. A gasket (not shown) may be provided. In the centre of the closure wall 25 there is an aperture through which extends the hollow grommet 22 which has inside the screw cap 20 a flange portion 27 formed to a tubular portion 28 by a waist portion 29 which sealingly engages with the cap material defining the aperture. The valve rod 23 has a flange 30 engaged with the interior face of the grommet flange portion 27 and a hollow stem portion 31 extending through the grommet to protrude therefrom and provided externally with two peripheral, axially spaced barbs. The first barb 32 on the hollow stem, co-operates with the flange 30 at the other end of the rod, to prevent slipping of the rod in an axial direction through the grommet. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3 the gallery 24 is defined by an annular recess moulded into the end wall 25. A pipe union 33 provides access for gas into the gallery 24. However, in an embodiment (not shown) the annular gallery could alternatively be moulded into the face of the flange 27 of the grommet because the purpose of the gallery is to distribute gas in between the end wall 25 and flange 27 to a position at which, when the valve rod 23 is tilted in any direction, the gas can pass into the bottle. In Figure 3 a tubular skirt portion 34 extends from the periphery of grommet flange 27 to receive one end of a dip tube 35. The other end of the dip tube (not shown) may be weighted so that it seeks the lowest level in the bottle to draw all the fluid contents. If, however, the bottle is dispensed mouth downwards the skirt 34 and dip tube 35 are redundant. Figure 4 shows the valve 18 in the "open" position during dispensing of fluid and entry of pressurising gas. A pouring adapter 36 has been snap fitted onto a second barb 37 on the valve rod 23 so that pressure, as arrowed, on the adapter 36 tilts the valve rod 23 relative to the end wall 25 of the screw cap. The flange 30 of the valve rod pivots on the interior face of grommet flange 27 to part from the opposite side (lower side as drawn in Figure 4) of the grommet flange so that the flange 27 can be distended by gas pressure from gallery 24 to permit entry of the gas into the bottle. The same tilting action which parts the flange 30 of the valve rod from the interior face of grommet flange 27 also uncovers at least one radial hole 38 so that the contents of the bottle may pass between the valve rod flange 30 and grommet flange 27 into the radial hole 38 and hence along the hollow stem portion 31 for dispensing through the pouring adapter 36. When manual pressure is removed from the pouring adaptor 36 the grommet flexes back to the axial position shown in Figure 3 to close off both the product exit and the gas entry. Whilst the valve has been described with reference to a screw cap moulded from a plastics material various alternative closure fixings may be used. For example the grommet could be crimped into a cup like the CLAYTON VALVE cup which could be crimped onto a bottle lip or alternatively a conventional can end to be fixed by a folded double seam to a can, could be modified by addition of a moulded gas feed nozzle like the pipe union 33. Whilst the embodiment described with reference to Figures 2, 3 and 4 operates with the bottle lying on its side the valve may, if desired be used upright, by provision of a suitable adapter and dip tube or, as mentioned, bottle neck downwards without a dip tube.

Claims: A valve for dispensing pressurised fluid from a container (21), said valve comprising a closure member (20) adapted for attachment to the container (21), said closure member (20) defining an aperture therein; a hollow grommet (22) of flexible material having a planar flange (27) portion to one side of the closure member and a tubular portion (28) extending through the aperture in the closure member; and a valve rod (23) having at one end a flange (30) engaged with the inwardly facing side of the planar flange portion of the grommet (22) and a hollow stem portion (31) extending through the grommet (22) to protrude therefrom so that upon tilting of the valve rod (23) relative to the closure member (20) the flange (30) of the valve rod (23) parts from the underside of the flange (27) of the grommet (22) to uncover a radial hole (38) in the stem portion (31) through which pressurised fluid can pass from the container (21) into the hollow stem portion (31) for dispensing; characterised in that a gallery (24) is provided in between the grommet (22) and the flange (30) of the valve rod (23), the gallery (24) being arranged to admit pressurizing gas through the closure member (20) into the container (21). A valve member according to Claim 1 characterised in that a hollow pipe union (33) extends from the gallery (24) to receive the pressurising gas. A valve member according to Claim 1 or Claim 2 characterised in that a skirt portion (34) depends from the periphery of the flange (27) of the grommet (22) to surround the flange (30) of the valve rod (23) and the free end of said skirt portion (34) is adapted to receive the end of a dip tube (35). A valve member according to any preceding claim characterised in that the closure member (20) has a skirt portion (26) provided with a screw thread for engagement with a complementary thread of a bottle which represents said container (21). A valve according to any preceding claim characterised in that a pouring adapter (36) is snap fitted on the protruding end of the hollow stem portion (31) of the valve rod (23) so that pressure applied to the adapter (36) opens the valve. A valve according to any preceding claim when fitted to a bottle containing pressurised fluid and connected to a pressure regulator fitted on a can containing carbon dioxide under pressure so that, when in use, the gas pressure in the bottle is substantially maintained during dispensing of the fluid.

Inventors: BALL, MARTIN FRANK
Applicants: CMB FOODCAN PLC
Application year: 1987
Main classification: B67D1
IPC codes: F17C13, B65D83