STABILIZATION OF AROMATIC POLYESTERS WITH DIMERCAPTOTHIADIAZOLE

Abstract: An aromatic polyester composition comprising an aromatic polyester derived from terephthalic acid and/or isophthalic acid and a bisphenol and a stabilizer comprising dimercaptothiadiazole.

Description: This invention relates to a stabilized aromatic polyester composition and, more specifically, to a stabilized aromatic polyester composition including an S-containing organic compound. The aromatic polyester used in this invention is produced by the polymerization of substantially equimolar amounts of (a) terephthalic acid and/or a functional derivative thereof; isophthalic acid and/or a functional derivative thereof; or a mixture thereof (with the terephthalic acid/isophthalic acid unit mole ratio being 9:1 to 1:9) and (b) at least one bisphenol of the following general formula (I) wherein -X- is selected from the group consisting of -O-, -S-, -SO₂-, -SO-, -CO-, an alkylene group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and an alkylidene group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₁′, R₂′, R₃′, and R4', which may be the same or different, each represent a member selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a functional derivative of such a bisphenol. Known methods for producing such an aromatic polyester include, for example, an interfacial polymerization method which involves mixing an aromatic dicarboxylic acid chloride dissolved in a water-immiscible organic solvent with an alkaline aqueous solution of a bisphenol, a solution polymerization method which comprises heating a bisphenol and an acid chloride in an organic solvent, and a melt polymerization method which comprises heating a phenyl ester of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and a bisphenol, e.g., as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,884,990 and 3,946,091. It is also known that aromatic polyesters derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and bisphenols have superior properties to polyesters derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and aliphatic alkylene glycols. Specifically, these polyesters have many superior characteristics, e.g., mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation, flexural strength, flexural recovery and impact strength, heat-distortion temperature, dimensional stability, electrical properties, and fire retardency. Because of these superior properties, these polyesters are known to be useful in a wide range of fields as various molded articles, films, fibers, and coating materials obtained by extrusion molding, injection molding, etc. The aromatic polyesters obtained by the above methods frequently assume yellow or brown colors in their as-prepared state. It is also noted that aromatic polyesters turn yellow when heated during injection molding, extrusion molding and other shaping operations which are used to form ordinary molded products or films. Such coloration is extremely inconvenient when a lack of color in the resulting molded articles is important. Furthermore, when a pigment is incorporated into a molding composition to obtain a desired color, the color of the final molded product frequently is quite different from the desired color. The aromatic polyesters used in this invention have a high heat distortion temperature, and therefore, are frequently used under high temperature conditions. The above-described coloration, however, proceeds generally under high temperature conditions and impairs the transparency of the molded product. Consequently, such a product cannot be used in applications which require transparency and a lack of color at high temperatures. Such a coloration is also considered to occur with the decomposition of the polymer. Thus, coloration is synonymous with an irregular reduction in the logarithmic viscosity number (intrinsic viscosity) of the polymers constituting the molded articles. Coloration and reduction of intrinsic viscosity deteriorates the useful properties of these polymers and are therefore extremely disadvantageous in obtaining products which are uniform. A first object of this invention is to provide an aromatic polyester composition that is stabilized against heat and which can be used to produce molded articles which are free from coloration and which do not develop coloration even in use at high temperatures. A second object of the invention is to provide an aromatic polyester composition which is stabilized against decomposition and reduction of intrinsic viscosity at elevated temperatures. Extensive investigations have been made in order to remove the defects of aromatic polyesters described above. These investigations led to the discovery that the above-described undesirable coloration or heat decomposition and intrinsic viscosity reduction of aromatic polyesters can be markedly reduced by adding specified amounts of dimercaptothiadiazole (DMTD) to the aromatic polyester and that very stable aromatic polyester compositions are provided. Accordingly, the present invention provides an aromatic polyester composition which comprises: (A) an aromatic polyester produced by the polymerization of substantially equimolar amounts of (a) terephthalic acid and/or a functional derivative thereof; or isophthalic acid and/or a functional derivative thereof; or a mixture thereof with the terephthalic acid unit/isophthalic acid unit mole ratio being from 9:1 to 1:9 and (b) at least one bisphenol of the general formula (I) given above, or a functional derivative (especially a metal salt or a diester) of said bisphenol of the general formula (I), and (B), as a stabilizer, from 0.01 to less than 2% by weight relative to the aromatic polyester (A), of dimercaptothiadiazole. The present invention also provides a process for the preparation of a stabilised polyester comprising polymerizing (A) a substantially equimolar mixture of the monomeric reactants (a) terephthalic acid and/or a functional derivative thereof, or isophthalic acid and/or a functional derivative thereof, or a mixture thereof with the terephthalic acid unit/isophthalic acid unit mole ratio being 9:1 to 1:9, and (b) at least one bisphenol of the general formula (I) above, or a functional derivative of said bisphenol of the general formula (I), the polymerisation being effected in the presence of at least 0.005 mole % of an acidic, neutral or basic catalyst, said process being characterised by the addition of (B), as a stabilizer, from 0.01 to less than 2% by weight, based on the aromatic polyester, of dimercaptothiadiazole. Molded products made from the aromatic polyester composition of this invention have markedly reduced coloration, and, even when exposed to high-temperature conditions, the molded products develop little coloration and show good stability to heat. The aromatic polyester used in this invention is obtained from terephthalic acid and/or isophthalic acid and/or functional derivatives thereof and a bisphenol of the general formula (I) given above, or a functional derivative thereof. A mixture of 90 to 10 mole % of terephthalic acid and/or a functional derivative thereof and 10 to 90 mole % of isophthalic acid and/or a functional derivative thereof is preferred for use as the acid component to be reacted with the bisphenol to prepare the aromatic polyester as referred to in this invention. Preferably, a mixture of 20 to 80 mole % of terephthalic acid and/or a functional derivative thereof and 80 to 20 mole % of isophthalic acid and/or a functional derivative thereof is used. The molar ratio of bisphenol to the sum of the terephthalic acid units and isophthalic acid units is substantially equimolar. Suitable functional derivatives of terephthalic or isophthalic acid which can be used include acid halides, dialkyl esters and diaryl esters. Preferred examples of acid halides include terephthaloyl dichloride, isophthaloyl dichloride, terephthaloyl dibromide and isophthaloyl dibromide. Preferred examples of dialkyl esters include dialkyl esters of terephthalic and isophthalic acids containing 1 to 6 (especially 1 to 2) carbon atoms in each alkyl moiety thereof. Preferred examples of diaryl esters include diphenyl terephthalate and diphenyl isophthalate. Examples of suitable bisphenols of the general formula (I) above are 4,4′-dihydroxy-diphenyl ether, bis(4-hydroxy-2-­ methylphenyl) ether, bis(4-hydroxy-3-chlorophenyl) ether, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfide, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) ketone, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)methane, bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)methane, bis(4-hydroxy-­ 3,5-dichlorophenyl)methane, bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dibromophenyl)-­ methane, 1,1-bis(4′-hydroxyphenyl)ethane, 2,2-bis(4′-hydroxy-3′-­ methylphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(4′-hydroxy-3′-chlorophenyl (propane, 2,2-bis(4′-hydroxy-3′, 5′-dichlorophenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(4′-hydroxy-3,5′-dibromophenyl)propane, and 1,1-bis(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-n-butane. 2,2-bis(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-­ propane, bisphenol A, is most typical and is readily available, and, accordingly, is most often used. Typical examples of functional derivatives of bisphenols which can be used are the metal salts thereof and the diesters thereof with aliphatic monocarboxylic acids containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Preferred functional derivatives of the bisphenols are the sodium salts, the potassium salts, and the diacetate esters thereof. The bisphenols may be used either alone or as a mixture of two or more thereof. To produce these aromatic polyesters, the interfacial polymerization method which comprises mixing a solution of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid chloride in a water-immiscible organic solvent with an alkaline aqueous solution of bisphenol, the solution polymerization method which comprises heating a bisphenol and an acid chloride in an organic solvent, and the melt polymerization method which comprises heating a phenyl ester of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and bisphenol, which are described in detail in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,884,990, and 3,946,091, can, for example, be employed. In order to ensure the aromatic polyesters used in this invention have good physical properties they should have an intrinsic viscosity (IV), defined by the following relationship, of about 0.3 to about 1.0, preferably 0.4 to 0.8, wherein t₁ is the falling time (in seconds) of a solution of the aromatic polyester in a solvent; t₂ is the falling time (in seconds) of the solvent; C is the concentration (in g/dl) of the aromatic polyester in the solution; and K′ is a constant. For the aromatic polyesters of this invention K′ will be about 0.42. The intrinsic viscosity, as used herein, is determined in 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane at 30°C. Any of the interfacial polymerization method, solution polymerization method and melt polymerization method described above can be used to produce the aromatic polyesters used in this invention. The use of the interfacial polymerization method which comprised mixing an organic solvent solution of terephthaloyl dichloride and isophthaloyl dichloride with an alkaline aqueous solution of the bisphenol with stirring is convenient because this method can be used to produce aromatic polyesters with relatively little coloration. However, it has been found that, depending on the polymerization method and the method by which the stabilizer is added to the aromatic polyester, differing amounts of stabilizer are required for effectiveness in reducing coloration and polymer decomposition. The present polymerization process is carried out in the presence of an acidic, neutral or basic catalyst, such classifications being based on the reaction of a conventional acid-base indicator and the catalyst when the latter is dissolved in a polar ionizing solvent such as water. More preferably, a basic catalyst is employed. Prior to its introduction into the reaction mass, the preferred basic catalyst is preferably converted to liquid form, e.g. by melting or by dissolution in a liquid or normally solid, low melting solvent. Suitable basic catalysts include the alkali metals, such as lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium and francium and the carbonates, hydroxides, hydrides, borohydrides, phenates, bisphenates, (i.e. salt of a bisphenol or bisphenol), carboxylates such as acetate or benzoate, oxides of the foregoing alkali metals. Group II and III elements can also be used in place of the alkali metals of the foregoing classes of compounds such as metals and compounds of calcium, magnesium and aluminum. Other bases include trialkyl or triaryl tin hydroxides, acetates, phenates, and the like. Examples of catalysts are lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium and francium metals, potassium or rubidium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydride, sodium borohydride, potassium borohydride, calcium acetate, magnesium acetate, aluminum triisopropoxide and triphenyl tin hydroxide. Phenol is the preferred solvent for the normally solid catalysts. Substituted phenols which can be used include those having the formula wherein R is alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aryl of 6 to 10 carbon atoms, chloro, bromo or mixtures thereof, and wherein n is 1 or 2. Typical solvents include o-benzyl phenol, o-bromo phenol, m-bromo phenol, m-chloro phenol, p-chloro phenol, 2,4 dibromo phenol, 2,6 dichloro phenol, 3,5 dimethoxy phenol, o-ethoxy phenol, m-ethyl phenol, p-ethyl-phenol, o-isopropyl phenol, m-methyoxy phenol, m-propyl phenol and p-propyl phenol. Other solvents which are particularly useful are of the ether type, for example, tetrahydrofuran and the various glymes, for example, ethylene glycol dimethylether. Combinations of catalyst and combinations of phenols or phenols and solvents may also be used. Especially preferred liquid basic catalysts are charged dissolved in molten normal solid-low melting organic solvent such as phenol. Especially preferred catalysts providing excellent results are the basic catalysts, rubidium phenoxide, potassium phenoxide, and potassium borophenoxide, each dissolved in molten phenol. Preferably, also when a basic catalyst is employed, the catalyst is introduced concurrently with the aforementioned molten reactants to the polymerization reactor to avoid heating the reactants in the presence of the catalyst prior to onset of the polymerization. Less preferred catalysts include the metal oxides, metal acetates, titanium and tin compounds. Suitable metal oxides include antimony trioxide, germanium oxide, arsenic trioxide, lead oxide, magnesium oxide, and zinc oxide. Suitable metal acetates include cobalt acetate, zinc acetate, cadmium acetate and manganese acetate. Suitable titanium compounds include the organic titanates such as tetrabutyl titanate and tetraisopropyl titanate. Suitable tin compounds include dibutyloxide, dibutyl tin methoxide and dibutyl tin dilaurate. In accordance with conventional reaction practice, at least 0.005 mole % of the catalyst is employed, for example, 0.005 to 2 mol percent, preferably 0.01 to 1 mole percent of the bisphenol in accordance with known techniques of polyester formation. The present process can be carried out employing, in general, conditions which are conventional for melt polymerization. According to the conventional practice, the solid reactants are heated above 100°C, preferably above 160°C to melt the reactants. Onset of reaction in the presence of catalyst is generally at a temperature ranging from above 100°C to 275°C, for example above 160°C for reaction of bisphenol A, diphenyl terephthalate and diphenyl isophthalate. The reaction temperature employed is generally above 100°C to 400°C or higher, preferably above 175°C to 350°C, more preferably 175°C to 330°C with the reaction temperature being raised gradually during the polymerization. In the reaction, the aryl group of the diester is displaced as the corresponding relatively volatile monohydroxy aromatic compound, e.g. phenol, for which provision is made for removal, e.g. by distillation, from the reaction mixture during the transesterification. Reaction pressure is generally diminished during the reaction, e.g. of 0.1 mm. of mercury (13.33 Pa) or lower, to aid in the aforementioned removal of the monohydroxy aromatic compound. Generally, it is preferable in accordance with the prior art to carry out the reaction in two stages. The first or prepolymerization stage is carried out at above 100°C to 350°C, preferably 160°C to 330°C, especially 180°C to 300°C, to prepare a low molecular weight polyester or prepolymer (also termed herein a polyester oligomer) of relatively low intrinsic viscosity, e.g. of less than 0.1 to 0.3 dl./g. A subsequent polymerization stage in which the prepolymer is heated at a somewhat higher temperature namely, at above 200°C to 400°C or higher, preferably at about 225°C to 350°C, especially at 275°C to 330°C. Conveniently, the polymerization stage is carried out in a different reaction vessel from that employed in the prepolymerization reaction stage with effective agitation of reaction mixture in both stages with generally more extreme agitation being used in the polymerization. In carrying out the present invention, it is preferred prior to catalyst addition to melt the normally solid reactants to provide molten reactants and then heat the reactants if necessary to a temperature sufficient for onset of polymerization. According to this embodiment, a basic catalyst for the polymerization that is normally solid at 30°C is then introduced in the liquid form to the polymerization concurrent with the molten reactants. According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, there is contemplated a semi-continuous process for polymerization wherein the prepolymerization stage of the process is carried out batchwise and the subsequent polymerization stage is carried out substantially continuously in one or more counter-current flow mechanically agitated thin film or wiped film reactors. As an alternative to the aforementioned semi-continuous mode of operation, another preferred embodiment of the invention contemplates a fully continuous polymerization wherein, the prepolymerization is carried out in one or more stirred tank reactors, and preferably, the polymerization stage is carried out in one or more of the aforementioned wiped film reactors or thin film reactors. It is especially preferred in carrying out semi- or fully continuous polymerization according to the aforementioned preferred modes of operation to complete polymerization in a polymerization reaction zone wherein the aforementioned wiped film reactor is followed by a multi-screw extrusion reaction vessel. A persistent problem in the preparation of linear polyesters of bisphenol and dicarboxylic acids has been the undesirable high color in the product, i.e. the tendency of the polyester to develop an undesirable yellow color during the polyesterification. The color is attributed to thermal decomposition of the product polyester and/or the reactants in the reaction which is carried out at high temperatures ranging up to 400°C, or higher, and generally in the melt, i.e. without the use of a diluent. In accordance with this invention, a stabilizer has been found which when added to the aromatic polyesters of this invention greatly improves the undesirable coloration and depolymerization which typically develop. The stabilizer which is useful in this invention is the organo sulfur compound dimercaptothiadiazole (DMTD), which has the following structure (II). The amount of the stabilizer DMTD to be added to the aromatic copolyester is 0.01 to less than 2% by weight, preferably 0.02 to 1.0% by weight, more preferably 0.02 to 0.25% by weight, based on the weight of the aromatic copolyester. Amounts less than 0.1% by weight are effective. If the amount of the stabilizer is less than 0.01% by weight, the effect of preventing coloration and heat decomposition is not sufficient, and if the amount of the stabilizer exceeds 2% by weight, the dynamic properties of the aromatic copolyester tend to be deteriorated. Various methods can be used to add DMTD to the aromatic polyester. In the interfacial polymerization method in which a solution of a dicarboxylic acid chloride in an organic solvent and an alkaline aqueous solution of a bisphenol are stirred, DMTD can be added to either one of the monomers prior to polymerization. When the polymerization product is isolated as a solution of the aromatic polyester after the polymerization, a solution of DMTD may be added to the aromatic polyester solution. When the aromatic polyester is isolated as a solid, DMTD can of course be simply added to the aromatic polyester. Furthermore, DMTD may be incorporated in the aromatic polyester by immersing the aromatic polyester in a solution or suspension of DMTD in a solvent such as methanol or acetone, and removing the solvent by evaporation after the immersion. In the case of melt polymerization, DMTD may be fed together with the monomers at the time of polymerization. Alternatively, DMTD may be added to chips or powders of the aromatic polyester during a molding operation such as injection molding, extrusion molding, etc. If DMTD is added to a powder or chips of the aromatic polyester and the mixture is molded; molded articles having a uniform color and uniform characteristics can be obtained. The aromatic polyester composition of this invention may further contain various other additives such as antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, antistatic agents and fire retardants, as needed according to the purpose of use. For example, the effect of the present invention can be increased further by adding DMTD in conjunction with an antioxidant. Examples of suitable antioxidants are conventional phenolic antioxidants, phosphite-type antioxidants, amine-type antioxidants sulfur-containing compounds, organometallic compounds, and epoxy compounds. In addition, plasticizers, pigments and lubricants can also be incorporated in the aromatic polyester composition of this invention. Alternatively the aromatic polyester composition may be reinforced with glass fibers. When an aromatic halogen compound such as decabromodiphenyl oxide is added to a resin composition to render the resin composition fire retardant, a molded article prepared from the composition frequently turns yellowish brown presumably due to heat decomposition. In such a case, too, the aromatic polyester composition of this invention is stabilized against heat, and coloration is markedly prevented. If desired, the aromatic polyester composition of this invention may contain at least one additional polymer such as polyalkylene terephthalates (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate), poly(ethylene oxybenzoate), polycarbonates, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamides, polyurethanes, polystyrene, ABS resins, EVA copolymers, polyacrylates, polytetrafluoroethylene, polymethyl methacrylates, polyphenylene sulfide, and rubbers. In other words, a mixture of the aromatic polyester and another polymer exemplified above can be used. DMTD used in this invention exhibits a marked effect in this case, too. A decrease in the degree of coloration or degradative decomposition of the aromatic polyester composition of this invention occurs when such is exposed to heat during molding or used at high temperatures. Hence, the aromatic polyester compositions of this invention can be used to form many useful articles employing generally known molding methods such as injection molding, extrusion molding or press molding. Typical examples of final products obtained by molding are films, monofilaments, and injection molded articles such as machine parts, automobile parts, electrical component parts, vessels and springs. The aromatic polyester compositions of this invention also are particularly useful as engineering plastics for various applications where the excellent properties of aromatic polyesters are required. The following examples are given to illustrate the present invention in more detail. It should be noted that the invention is in no way to be construed as being limited to these Examples. Unless otherwise indicated all parts, percents, ratios and the like are by weight. EXAMPLE A 75/25 mixture of iso and terephthalic acid were reacted under pressure at about 280°C with excess phenol and with Sb₂O₃ as the catalyst. The water of esterification was removed gradually. The excess phenol was stripped off at the end of the reaction and the product, i.e. mixture of esters, were vacuum distilled (approx. 210-220°C, 0.1 mmHg (13-33 Pa)). Bisphenol-A 4.200 moles (958.9 g) and 75/25 dipghenyl iso/terephthalate mixture 4.208 moles (1339.7 g) were dried in a vacuum oven overnight at about 70°C, then charged to a 2-gallon (7-57 dm³) oil heated reactor fitted with a takeoll for volatiles, a receiver, a cold trap and a vacuum pump. Also 4.2 ml of a phenol solution of potassium phenate was charged (containing 0.0021 mole potassium phenate). The system was purged thoroughly with dry nitrogen and then put under a nitrogen blanket. Over 5.7 hours, the temperature and vacuum were gradually increased with continuous removal of phenol. The final 1.7 hours of the cycle was at about 290-295°C and about 0.5 mmHg (66.66 Pa). At the end of the cycle, the vacuum was released with nitrogen and the polymers removed. The polymer was very light yellow, tough and had an intrinsic viscosity of 0.59 dl/g (measured in 1,1,2,2 tetrachloroethane at 30°C). 2.0 g of the above polyester was dissolved in about 49 cm³ of high purity CH₂Cl₂ (methylene chloride) in a beaker with a magnetic stirrer. 0.0524 g DMTD was dissolved in 50 cm³ of reagen grade acetone in a 50 cm³ volumetric flask. One cm³ of the DMTD solution was added to the polymer solution. The solution was stirred a few minutes then pourred into a flat 5 3/4 inch (14.61 cm) diameter recrystallization dish, covered with a paper towel and allowed to evaporate overnight. The film was carefully pealed off the dish and labeled. The thickness was about 4 mils (0.102 mm). Color (Yellowness Index, Y.I.) was measured on a Gardner Colorimeter (Model XL20). A second film was prepared with no additive. The two films were hung in a circulating air oven adusted to 170°C via clips and removed periodically to measure color and I.V. A circle was drawn on the film and color measured in this circle each time. A small piece of the film was cut off and used (0.125 g) to run I.V. The results are shown in Table 1. The above data demonstrates clearly the stabilizing effect of DMTD on I.V. and color of the polyester.

Claims: 1. A resin composition comprising: (A) an aromatic polyester produced by polymerization of a substantially equimolar mixture of the monomeric components (a) terephthalic acid and/or a functional derivative thereof, or isophthalic acid and/or a functional derivative thereof, or a mixture thereof with the terephthalic acid unit/isophthalic acid unit mole ratio being from 9:1 to 1:9, and (b) at least one bisphenol of the general formula (I) wherein -X- is selected from the group consisting of -O-, -S-, -SO₂-, -SO-, -CO-, an alkylene group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms and an alkylidene group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₁′, R₂′, R₃′ and R₄′, which may be the same or different, are each selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a functional derivative of said bisphenol of the general formula (I), said composition being characterised in that it also comprises (B), as a stabiliser, 0.01 to less than 2% by weight, based on the aromatic polyester (A), of dimercaptothiadiazole. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the aromatic polyester is derived from (a) terephthalic acid and/or an acid halide, dialkyl ester or diaryl ester thereof, or isophthalic acid and/or an acid halide, dialkyl ester or diaryl ester thereof, or a mixture thereof, with the terephthalic acid unit/isophthalic acid unit mole ratio being 9:1 to 1:9, and (b) at least one bisphenol of the general formula (I) or a metal salt or diester of said bisphenol of the general formula (I). 3. The composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein said aromatic polyester is produced by polymerizing a mixture of said terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid units with said bisphenol. 4. The composition of claim 3 wherein the mole ratio of the terephthalic acid unit to the isophthalic acid unit is 8:2 to 2:8. 5. The composition of claim 3 wherein the mole ratio of terephthalic acid unit to isophthalic acid unit is 1:3. 6. The composition of any of claims 1 to 5 wherein said aromatic polyester is formed by melt polymerization of said terephthalic and/or isophthalic acid units and said bisphenol, in which the solid reactants are melted by heating to a temperature of above 100°C. 7. The composition of claim 3 wherein said mixture comprises a mixture of diaryl esters of said terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid. 8. The composition of claim 7 wherein said diaryl ester is a diphenyl ester. 9. The composition of any of claims 1 to 8 wherein said bisphenol is bisphenol A. 10. The composition of any of claims 1 to 9 wherein said stabilizer (B) is present in an amount of less than 1 % by weight. 11. The composition of claim 10 wherein said stabilizer (B) is present in an amount of less than 0.1 weight %. 12. A process for the preparation of a stabilized aromatic polyester comprising polymerizing a substantially equimolar mixture of the monomeric reactants (a) terephthalic acid and/or a functional derivative thereof, or isophthalic acid and/or a functional derivative thereof, or a mixture thereof with the terephthalic acid unit/isophthalic acid unit mole ratio being 9:1 to 1:9, and (b) at least one bisphenol of the general formula (I) wherein -X- is selected from the group consisting of -O-, -S-, -SO₂-, -SO-, -CO-, an alkylene group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkylidene group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₁′, R2′, R₃′, and R₄′, which may be the same or different, are each selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a functional derivative of said bisphenol of the general formula (I), the polymerisation being effected in the presence of at least 0.005 mole % of an acidic, neutral or basic catalyst, said process being characterised by the addition of (B), as a stabiliser, 0.01 to less than 2 % by weight, based on the aromatic polyester, of dimercaptothiadiazole. 13. The process of claim 12, wherein the aromatic polyester is derived from (a) terephthalic acid and/or an acid halide, dialkyl ester or diaryl ester thereof, or isophthalic acid and/or an acid halide, dialkyl ester or diaryl ester thereof, or a mixture thereof with the terephthalic acid unit/isophthalic acid unit mole ratio being 9:1 to 1:9, and (b) at least one bisphenol of the general formula (I) or a metal salt or diester of the bisphenol of the general formula (I). 14. The process of claim 12 or 13 wherein the resin composition is according to any of claims 3 to 11. 15. The process of claim 12, 13 or 14 wherein said reactants are introduced to the polymerization reaction in the liquid state and the polymerization is carried out in the presence of a basic catalyst for said polymerization which is normally solid at 30°C and which is introduced in liquid form to the polymerization zone. 16. The process of claim 12, 13 or 14 wherein said reactants are introduced to the polymerization reaction in the liquid state and the polymerization is carried out in the presence of a basic catalyst for said polymerization, said catalyst and said liquid state reactants being introduced substantially concurrently to the polymerization reaction. 17. The process of claim 12, 13 or 14 wherein said reactants are introduced to the polymerization reaction in liquid state and the polymerization is carried out in the presence of a basic catalyst for said polymerization, which is normally solid at 30°C, said catalyst being introduced in liquid form to the polymerization reaction substantially concurrently with the introduction of the liquid state reactants to the polymerization. 18. The process of claim 12, 13 or 14 wherein the reaction is conducted in a first stage at a temperature of above 100°C up to 350°C to prepare a polyester oligomer and the reaction is continued in a second stage at a higher temperature of above 200°C to produce the polyester product, said polymerization being carried out batchwise or substantially continuously in second stage. 19. The process of claim 18 wherein the polymerization in the first stage is carried out batchwise. 20. The process of claim 18 wherein the polymerization in said first stage is substantially continuous. 21. The process of any of claims 12 to 20 wherein said stabilizer is added as a solution of dimercaptothiadiazole into a solution of said aromatic polyester.

Inventors: ROSENFELD, JEROLD C.
Applicants: CELANESE CORPORATION
Application year: 1987
Main classification: C08L67
IPC codes: C08L67, C08K5