EXTRA-HIGH PRESSURE WATER INJECTOR

Abstract: An ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun capable of removing rust, scale, burrs, paint film and other unwanted deposits from the surface of metal, concrete and other materials. An air turbine 30 serves to rotate an eccentric rotor 4 within the gun housing l. A high pressure water line l2 passing through the rotor 4 is connecte to a nozzle head 2l on which are mounted several nozzle tips 23. The nozzle head 2l is driven in a circular path by the eccentric rotor 4 while directing the high pressure water jets against the work piece. A pneumatic circuit and a hydraulic circuit with certain controls are provided.

Description: The present invention relates to an ultra-high-­ pressure rotary water jet gun for exfoliating rust, scale, concrete, coating, burrs, paint-film and other materials adherent to or formed on a surface of a metal workpiece or a nonmetal workpiece. In recent years, in various fields of the arts, there has been employed a machining apparatus which projects ultra-­ high-pressure water against a workpiece through a jet nozzle, in order to cut the workpiece or to remove unwanted material present on the surface of the workpiece or to wash off the surface of the workpiece, under the effect of a high-­ pressure and high-speed water jet. In a conventional type of such machining apparatus utilizing ultra-high-pressure water, its nozzle is rotated in an orbiting manner so as to broaden the treatment area. Hitherto, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 4,448,574 issued to Sachio Shimizu, there is proposed a portable type of apparatus as one of such conventional ultra-high-pressure water jet guns. In this portable type of water jet gun, an electric motor for rotating a water jet nozzle is incorporat­ ed in the housing to which a handgrip is attached. However, since this type of jet gun depends on an electric power source, it has the disadvantage that the electric system including the electric motor must be protected against water. If the electric system is not perfectly protected against water, there is the danger that an electric leak may occur in the apparatus. However, it is expensive to provide a perfect waterproof construction in such electrically operated equipment. In addition to these disadvantages, in the jet gun in which the electric motor is incorporated, there is another disadvantage in that the jet gun is difficult to use due to its heavy weight caused by incorporating the electric motor therein. However, a light-weight electric motor which might be employed for improving the ease of use of the jet gun fails to supply sufficient power required by the jet gun, and is apt to burn out due to an overload condition if it is used continuously for a long time. These are disadvantages inherent in the conventional jet gun. It is an object of the present invention to resolve the above disadvantages, particularly, to provide an ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun which is reduced in its size and weight by employing an air turbine in place of the electric motor, and which has a large capacity for exfoliating, removing and washing unwanted material present on the surface of a workpiece by its jet action. It is another object of the present invention to provide an ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun which enables an operator to control the jet gun by means of a remote control device provided in the vicinity of the operator, even when the operation of the jet gun is conducted by an operator positioned on an elevated working platform. It is further another object of the present invention to provide an ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun which is provided with: a pneumatic circuit for supplying pressurized air to the air turbine as its driving power source; and a hydraulic circuit for supplying ultra-high-­ pressure water to its water jet nozzle. It is further another object of the present invention to provide an ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun which is provided with an operating member which enables the operator to control both the pneumatic circuit and the hydraulic circuit simultaneously. For accomplishing the above objects of the present invention, in the ultra-high pressure rotary water jet gun of the present invention, a water feeding pipe to which a nozzle for projecting ultra-high-pressure water is attached is rotatably mounted in an eccentric rotor in an eccentric position thereof, which eccentric rotor is supported in a housing of the jet gun, and in which housing there is further provided an air turbine which is driven by pressurized air to make it possible to rotatably drive the eccentric rotor so that the jet gun nozzle is rotated in an orbiting manner. This invention provides an ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun comprising: a housing having a grip at the rear-end thereof, an eccentric rotor mounted in said housing, a water supply tube rotatably mounted in an eccentric position with respect to the centre of said eccentric rotor, a nozzle cartridge connected to a front end of said water supply tube, a hydraulic circuit for feeding ultra-high-pressure water to said water supply tube, and an actuator mounted in said housing to rotate said eccentric rotor, said actuator being an air turbine using pressurized air as its power source, said air turbine comprising a casing secured in said housing nearby said grip, said casing having an inlet port and an outlet port, a turbine rotor rotatably supported in said casing, a plurality of vanes radially fixed to said turbine rotor, a planetary gear mechanism connected to a spindle of said turbine rotor and, an output shaft provided for said gear mechanism for rotating said eccentric rotor, an intake passage for feeding pressurized air to said turbine rotor, an exhaust passage for discharging waste air from said outlet port to the atmosphere, a control device mounted in said grip for opening and closing said intake passage, an operating member mounted on a front portion of said grip to operate said control device, and a pneumatic circuit connected to a terminal portion of said intake passage so as to feed the pressurized air to said air turbine. The pneumatic circuit of the ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun is so constructed that a pilot signal issued from the pneumatic control device is simultaneously applied to both of: an unloading valve for opening and closing a water discharge passage in communication with a hydraulic pump; and a control valve for opening and closing the air inlet passage for feeding the pressurized air to the air turbine. Thus the starting and stopping of the air turbine and the injection and stopping of the ultra-high-pressure water are controlled at the same time by means of the operating member on the grip. The ultra-high-pressure water jet gun of the present invention has the advantage that it is small and light and its nozzle is rotated with a very large torque, because the air turbine, which is driven by the pressurized air and is employed as a power source for moving the jet nozzle at a high speed, is incorporated in the housing of the jet gun, said control device of the pressurized air being incorporated in the grip which is provided in a terminal portion of the above gun housing, the operating member of said control device being directly mounted on the grip. Consequently, the jet gun of the present invention can conduct exfoliation or cleaning operations at high speed over a wide area of the surface of the work­ piece because the rotary jet gun is easy to handle and operate and excellent in its operability since it is possible to control the actuation of the air turbine and the operation of the ultra-high-pressure water jet nozzle by means of the operating member which is provided in the vicinity of the operator, even when the operator is positioned on an elevated working platform. In addition to the above, in the jet gun of the present invention, there is no requirement for provisions of a waterproof means for preventing an electric leak in contrast with the conventional ultra-high-pressure water jet gun in which an electric motor is incorporated. Therefore each part of the rotary gun of the present invention can be simplified in its construction. Since the power source is pressurized air, not electricity, it is possible readily to handle the jet gun of the present invention and without danger of an electrical accident, also there is no concern that the electric motor will burn out, even when the jet gun is continuously operated for a long period of time. The foregoing objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and accompanying drawings, wherein: Fig. l is a perspective view of an embodiment of an ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun according to the present invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged side view partly in section of part of the rotary jet gun shown in Fig. l; Fig. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of an eccentric rotor of the rotary jet gun; Fig. 4 is an end view of the eccentric rotor shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V of Fig. 2; Figs. 6A and 6B are views showing alternative patterns for the water jet nozzles of the jet gun of the present invention; Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a water jet nozzle cartridge attached to the rotary water jet gun of the present invention; Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of an air turbine incorporated in the housing of the jet gun and the grip thereof; Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IX-IX of Fig. 8; Fig. l0 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X of Fig. 8; Fig. ll is a view showing an orbiting locus for each of the jet nozzles of the rotary jet gun of the present invention; Fig. l2 is a view showing the Fig. ll loci when the rotary jet gun is laterally moved; Fig. l3 is a diagram of embodiments of the pneumatic circuit and the hydraulic circuit, both of which are employed in the jet gun of the present invention; Fig. l4 is a diagram of other embodiments of the pneumatic circuit and of the hydraulic circuit; Fig. l5 is a diagram of a modification of the hydraulic circuit shown in Fig. l3; and Fig. l6 is a further modification shown in a longitudinal sectional view of the grip in which a poppet valve and a trigger are incorporated. The construction of the ultra-high-pressure water jet gun of the present invention now will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Fig. l shows an embodiment of the ultra-high pressure rotary water jet gun of the present invention, wherein: the reference numeral l designates a laterally elongated housing of the rotary water jet gun; the numeral 2 designates a downwardly extending handle attached to a front end portion of the housing l; and the numeral 3 designates a downwardly extending grip attached to a rear end portion of the housing l. As shown in Fig. 2, within the housing l there is an eccentric rotor 4 rotatably supported through bearings l4a,l4b. Also as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, in the eccentric rotor 4, an axially directed hole 5 is eccentrically provided with respect to the centre "O" of the eccentric rotor 4, so that a thin wall portion 6a and a thick or biased wall portion 6b are formed in the eccentric rotor 4. In the biased wall portion 6b there is also formed an enlargement 7 which projects outward from an axially central portion of the eccentric rotor 4 to form a half cylinder as shown in Fig. 4, while opposite to such enlargement 7 there is formed a notch portion or recess 8 in the thin wall portion 6a of the eccentric rotor 4. Returning to Fig. 2, the reference numeral 9 designates a large diameter driven gear which is fixed to an outer peripheral portion of the rear end portion of the eccentric rotor 4; the numeral l0 designates a pinion meshed with the large diameter driven gear 9, which pinion l0 is supported by a bearing ll, and is to be driven via shafts l0a and 30 by an air turbine 30 which is described later. As shown in Fig. 2, in the axial hole 5 of the eccentric rotor 4, there is rotatably mounted by means of bearings l5a,l5b a water supply pipe l2, the inside of which forms a passage l2b for supplying the ultra-high-­ pressure water to a jet nozzle cartridge 2l. The reference numeral l3 designates a shoulder string; and the numerals l6 and l7 designate oil seals. The reference numeral l8 designates a flexible tube or a flexible hose (hereinafter referred to as the high-­ pressure hose) made of a material able to withstand a high pressure, for example, such as rubber, nylon and stainless steel, which high-pressure hose l8 is connected to the rear end of the water supply pipe l2 through a suitable coupling. The ultra-high-pressure water is fed to high-pressure hose l8 from a hydraulic pump through a hydraulic circuit which is described later. The reference numeral l9 designates an elastic bushing for holding the high-pressure hose l8 in a steady condition, which bushing l9 is inserted into the rear portion of the housing l of the rotary gun; the numeral 20a designates a lock nut; the numeral 20b designates a cap nut. In operation, the eccentric rotor 4 performs a continuous rotational movement in one direction through its driving means comprising; the gears 9, l0; and the air turbine 30, while the water supply pipe l2 provided in an eccentric position in the eccentric rotor 4 performs a revolving movement relative to the eccentric rotor 4 in an orbiting manner around the centre "O" of the eccentric rotor 4, since the water supply pipe l2 is rotatably mounted in the eccentric rotor 4. The water supply pipe l2 does not perform a rotational movement around its own central axis but bodily performs an arbital movement around the centre "O" of the eccentric rotor 4 because the terminal portion of the water supply pipe l2 is connected to the high-pressure hose l8 and held in nonrotational condition thereby. The water jet nozzle cartridge 2l is attached via a nozzle-attaching portion l2a at the front end of the water supply pipe l2 in a detachable manner through a suitable fastening means, for example a screw-­ thread 22 (Fig. 7) and in the front surface of the head portion of the nozzle cartridge 2l, at least one nozzle tip 23 is provided. The bore diameter of the nozzle tip water passage 24a ranges from 0.05 to 0.5 mm; the nozzle tip 23 is made of an extremely hard material such as diamond or a suitable ceramic material and is connected with the passage l2b of the pipe l2. Further, as shown in Fig. 7, a filter 24b is inserted in the water passage 24a in a detachable manner to prevent the nozzle tip 23 from being clogged up or being worn by particles mixed in the water flowing in the passage l2b. While the nozzle cartridge 2l may be provided with at least one nozzle tip 23 in the central portion of the nozzle head thereof, it is possible to provide a plurality of nozzle tips 23A, 23B, 23C, and others, i.e., 23A to 23O in the central portion of the nozzle head and/or in portions on several concentric circles on the front surface of the nozzle head, which concentric circles have various radii with respect to the centre of the nozzle head as shown by way of example in Figs. 6A and 6B. For the rotary water-jet gun of the present invention, there are provided several kinds of the jet nozzle cartridges 2l having various patterns of the jet formations so as to enable the operator to select a suitable one according to the property of the material to be removed from the surface of the workpiece, which suitable one is mounted in use on the nozzle attaching portion l2a of the water supply pipe l2. As is shown in Figs. l and 2, a flexible and expansible cover member 25 which has a substantially cone-shaped configuration and incorporates a bellows 28 is fixed at its large diameter end 25b by means of a clamp holder 26 to a head plate la mounted on the front end of housing l, while the small diameter end 25c of the cover member 25 is firmly attached to another holder 27 by means of a suitable attaching means such as an adhesive and a clamping band. Holder 27 is mounted on the nozzle attaching portion l2a of the water feeding pipe l2. The cover member 25 protects the bearings l4a, l4b and the oil seal l6 against foreign matter such as dust. The holder 27 is subjected to a high-speed revolving action caused by the revolving movement of the eccentric rotor 4. Consequently, since it is necessary that the cover member 25 withstands such high-speed revolving action, the cover member 25 is made of a suitable material which is excellent in crack initiation resistance, for example rubber and plastics having hardness ranging from about 40 to 55 Hs. The reference numeral 29 designates a nozzle guard or shield which can be made of the same material as that of the cover member 25; nozzle guard 29 is clamped between the nozzle attaching portion l2a of the water supply pipe l2 and the nozzle cartridge 2l which is mounted on the front end of the nozzle attaching portion l2a, so that the nozzle guard 29 overhangs the outer periphery of the nozzle cartridge 2l and covers the outer periphery of the nozzle cartridge 2l. Although the nozzle guard 29 is shown to have a cup-like shape, the nozzle guard 29 can be of any other suitable shape, such as a frustoconical shape or a simple dish-like shape. The nozzle guard 29 protects the operator against the dirt or other material and water splashed from the workpiece under the operation of the jet gun so as to prevent such material from fouling the rotary water jet gun itself and the operator thereof, and to prevent solid material exfoliated from the workpiece from injuring the operator's hand grasping the handle 2 of the jet gun. The nozzle guard 29 is about 2.5 to 3 times as large as the nozzle cartridge 2l in diameter. Now, with reference to Figs. 8 to l0, the construction of the air turbine 30, powered with pressurized air, will be described. A turbine rotor 33 of the air turbine 30 is rotatably supported by bearings 32a,32b in a casing 3l located in part of the grip 3 of the rotary jet gun. A plurality of vanes 34 are radially mounted on the turbine rotor 33 and to the turbine rotor 33 is concentrically fixed a spindle 35 the front end portion of which is formed into a sun gear 4l. In a cap 36 provided on the end portion of the casing 3l, the output shaft 38 is supported by a bearing 39, which output shaft 38 is provided with a yoke 37 which is rotatable around the central axis of the spindle 35. On each end of the yoke 37 is mounted a planetary pinion 40 which meshes with the sun gear 4l formed in the front portion of the spindle 35 and with a ring gear 42 formed in an inner surface of the casing 3l, to perform its planetary motion. For example, the turbine rotor 33 is so constructed that it rotates at a high speed of l0,000 RPM which is reduced to a speed of 2,000 RPM at the output shaft 38 through the planetary gear mechanism constructed of the sun gear 4l, planetary pinions 40, and the ring gear 42, to make it possible to obtain a large output torque from the output shaft 38 of the air turbine 30. The reference numeral 43 designates an inlet port; and the numeral 44 designates an outlet port, both of which ports 43,44 are provided in the casing 3l. The inlet port 43 and the outlet port 44 are connected with a pressurized air intake passage 45 and a pressurized air exhaust passage 46 respectively, both of which passages 45 and 46 are provided in the grip 3 of the rotary gun. The reference numeral 47 designates an air hose for connecting the intake passage 45 with the pressurized air source; the numeral 48 designates a silencer mounted on a lower end portion of the exhaust passage 46. In the grip 3 of the rotary gun, there is provided an air control device 60 for controlling the intake of the pressurized air, the construction of which air control device 60 will be described later. The air control device 60 is operated by means of an operating member 50 in the form of a lever mounted on the front portion of the grip 3, so that the air turbine 30 is controlled to initiate and stop its rotation. The reference numeral 5l designates a pivot for the lever 50; the numeral 52 designates a return spring for returning the lever 50 to its initial position; and the numeral 53 designates an actuation knob formed on the lever 50. With reference to Fig. l3, an embodiment of a pneumatic circuit and of a hydraulic circuit now will be described. The pneumatic circuit is employed for supplying the pressurized air to the air turbine 30, and the hydraulic circuit is employed for supplying the ultra-high-­ pressure water to the nozzle tips of the rotary jet gun. In the pneumatic circuit shown in Fig. l3: the reference numeral 6l designates an air compressor; the numeral 62 designates an air reservoir; the numeral 63 designates an air filter; and the numeral 64 designates a relief type regulator, all of which are connected in series to each other and also connected to the intake passage 45 of Fig. 8 and in which intake passage 45 is provided the air control device 60. The air control device 60 is constructed of: a pressure compensated flow control valve 65; a pilot-operated control valve 66a; and a pilot valve 67 for applying a pilot pressure to the pilot-operated control valve 66a. The flow control valve 65 is connected in series with the pilot-operated control valve 66a and on the upstream side of the control valve 66a, while the pilot valve 67 is connected in parallel with the control valve 65. When the rod of the pilot valve 67 is pushed down by the actuation knob 53 of the lever 50, the pilot valve 67 is opened so that the control valve 66a is opened, whereby the pressurized air is fed to the air turbine 30. The hydraulic circuit for supplying the ultra-high-­ pressure water to the nozzle tips of the rotary jet gun now will be described with reference to Fig. l3. The reference numeral 70 designates an ultra-high-pressure water generating device which is contructed of: a water supplying valve 7l; a storage tank 72 for storing water or a mixed liquid of water and a suitable abrasive or a suitable washing chemical therein; and a hydraulic pump 73. The reference numeral 74 designates a pilot-operated relief valve for reducing pressure and unloading; the numeral 75a designates a discharing line; and the numeral 75b designates a discharging tank. The water or the mixed liquid supplied from the ultra-high-pressure water generating device 70 is adjusted in its pressure to a predetermined value by the relief valve 74, and is then fed to the water supply tube l2 through the high-pressure hose l8. The reference numeral 77a designates a solenoid-controlled pilot-operating valve provided on an unloading circuit 76 to actuate said relief valve 74; and the numeral 78 designates a hydraulic unit constructed of a small size hydraulic pump, a relief valve and an oil tank. The reference numeral 79 designates a remote control switch for the solenoid valve 77a. When the solenoid of the valve 77a is excited by actuating the remote control switch 79, the solenoid valve 77a is opened so that a pilot pressure is issued from the pump circuit of the hydraulic unit 78 to the relief valve 74, whereby the discharging line 75a is opened to perform an unloading operation. On the other hand, when the excitation of the solenoid of the valve 77a ceases, the solenoid valve 77a is closed by the resilient force of its return spring to make it possible that the relief valve 74 is shifted to its on-load side. In use, the air compressor 6l and the hydraulic pump 73 are firstly actuated, and then the grip 3 of the rotary gun is grasped by the operator, for example with the operator's right hand while the handle 2 of the rotary gun is grasped by the operator's left hand, so that the rotary gun is steadily held by the operator. Then, the remote control switch 79 is manipulated so that the ultra-­ high-pressure water is fed to the ultra-high-pressure-hose l8 from the hydraulic circuit, while the operating member 50 provided in the grip 3 of the rotary gun is pushed down so that the pressurized air is fed to the air turbine 30 from the pneumatic circuit through the pilot valve 67 and the control valve 66a of the air control device, the pressure of which pressurized air is, for example 7kg/cm², whereby the air turbine 30 is actuated. When the air turbine 30 is actuated, the output torque of the air turbine 30 is transmitted to the gears 9,l0 so that the eccentric rotor 4 performs a continuous circular motion in one direction. Since the water supply tube or pipe l2 is rotatably mounted in the eccentric rotor 4, the nozzle cartridge 2l revolves around the centre "O" of the eccentric rotor 4 according to the rotational motion of the eccentric rotor 4. In this case, since the high-­ pressure hose l8 attached to the water supply tube l2 is fixed to an end portion of the housing l of the rotary jet gun, the water supply tube l2 is not rotated on its central axis but rotates in an orbiting manner. Consequently, there is no fear that the high-pressure hose l8 is twisted. The ultra-high-pressure water fed through the hose l8 is projected through the nozzle unit 23 provided in the nozzle cartridge 2l. When the water supply tube l2 is rotated in the above-mentioned manner, the nozzle cartridge 2l itself is also rotated in an orbiting manner, so that the nozzle tips 23A, 23B, etc. project the ultra-high-pressure water while rotating in an orbiting manner, for example as shown in Fig. ll, tracing their circular oribits. In the jet gun of the present invention, the pressure of the water fed to each nozzle tips is in a range of from 800 to 5000 kg/cm², preferably l000 to 3000 kg/cm², while the rotating speed of the nozzle of the rotary gun is in a range of from 800 to 4000 RPM, preferably in the range of from l000 to 2500 RPM. The ejection rate of the water per nozzle is in a range of from 0.l to 4.3 litres/minute, preferably in a range of from 0.2 to 3.0 litres/minute. When the rotary jet gun comes close to the workpiece and laterally moves its nozzle head along the workpiece while projecting the ultra-high-pressure water against the surface of the workpiece, the nozzle jets of the rotary gun trace their orbits as shown in Fig. l2 to make it possible that the ultra-high pressure water can be uniformly impinged over a wide area, so that it is possible to perform a high-speed washing/exfoliating operation over the whole surface of the workpiece with the use of a small amount of water. Adjustment of the rotational speed of the air turbine 30 is performed by adjusting the regulator 64, while adjusting of the discharge pressure of the ultra-high pressure water is performed by adjusting the relief valve 74. Next, another embodiment of pneumatic circuit and hydraulic circuit will be described with reference to Fig. l4, the pneumatic circuit enabling the operator to simultaneously control the staring and stopping of the air turbine 30 and the injection and starting and stopping of the ultra-high-pressure water. In Fig. l4, some components thereof are similar to those shown in Fig. l3, and therefore are designated by the same reference numerals. The circuit shown in Fig. l4 is different from that of Fig. l3 in that: in the circuit of Fig. l4, a pilot-operated master valve 68 is provided in a main air circuit Q₁ to perform the opening/closing operation of the circuit Q₁ which connects the air turbine 30 with the air compressor 6l, while a control air circuit Q₂ is provided in addition to the circuit Q₁, through which circuit Q₂ the pilot pressure is simultaneously applied to both the master valve 68 and a pilot-operated directional control valve 77b for opening and closing the discharging line 75a of the ultra-high-pressure water generating device to perform its unloading operation. Hereinbelow, the components of the circuit of Fig. l4 differ from those of the circuit of Fig. l3 and will be described in detail. The reference numeral 66b designates a pilot-operated control valve for opening and closing the control air circuit Q₂. The control valve 66b is actuated by the pilot valve 67 which is actuated by the operating member 50. The air control device 60 is constructed of the control valve 66b, the pilot valve 67 and the flow control valve 65. Between the control air circuit Q₂ and the master valve 68 there is provided a first pilot line Pa which applies the pilot pressure to the master valve 68 to open the same against the resilient force of a return spring. The reference numeral 77b designates a pilot-­ operated directional control valve for opening and closing the unlaoding circuit 76 of the ultra-high-pressure water generating device. Between the control valve 77b and the control air circuit Q₂, there is provided a second pilot line Pb which applies the pilot pressure to the control valve 77b for opening valve 77b against the resilient force of a return spring. In the circuit shown in Fig. l4, since the control valve 66b is opened when the pilot valve 67 is manipulated by the operating member 50, the pilot pressure is applied to the master valve 68 through the first pilot line Pa so that the master valve 68 is opened. As a result, the pressurized air is fed to the air turbine 30 from the air compressor 6l through the main air circuit Q₁ so that the air turbine 30 is actuated. At this time, to the control valve 77b in the unloading circuit 76 provided in the hydraulic circuit is applied the pilot pressure through the second pilot line Pb, so that the relief valve 74 is shifted to its closing side, whereby the ultra-high-­ pressure water is fed to the nozzle tips of the rotary gun from the hydraulic pump 73. Fig. l5 shows another embodiment of the hydraulic circuit wherein components similar to those of the hydraulic circuit of Fig. l3 are designated by the same reference numerals as that employed in the hydraulic circuit shown in Fig. l3. The hydraulic circuit of Fig. l5 is different from that of Fig. l3 in the following points. In Fig. l5, 80 designates a reciprocating type piston pump and 8l designates a low pressure piston provided in a central portion of the piston pump 80, while 82a, 82b designate high-pressure pistons which are opposite to each other and positioned in opposite end portions of the piston pump 80. The high-pressure pistons 82a, 82b are received in high-pressure cylinder portions of the piston pump 80, to both of which high-pressure cylinder portions low-pressure water is supplied from a water supplying unit 89, and from which high-pressure cylinder portions the ultra-high-pressure water is fed to an accumulator 88 through appropriate lines having check valves 83 to prevent the ultra-high-pressure water flowing back into the low-­ pressure lines at a time when a suction/discharging operation of the piston pump 80 is conducted. The low-­ pressure piston 8l of the hydraulic pump 80 is driven in a reciprocating manner by the pressurized oil fed from the hydraulic unit 78 the driving direction of which low-­ pressure piston 8l is controlled by a solenoid-controlled pilot-operated valve 86 which is controlled in an on/off manner by a signal issued from the remote control switch 87, while the reversal of the piston pump 80 is effected by signals issued from two limit switches 84a,84b which are provided in stroke end positions of the low-pressure piston 8l. In the above circuit, according to the reciprocating motion of the low-pressure piston 8l of the pump 80, one of the high-pressure pistons 82a, 82b sucks the low pressure water while the other of the high-pressure pistons 82a, 82b discharges the ultra-high pressure water which is fed to the accumulator 88, and vice versa, from which the ultra-high-pressure water is fed to the nozzle tips of the rotary gun. The accumulator 88 eliminates pulsation of the ultra-high pressure water discharged from the piston pump 80. Although, in the air control device 60 of the embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the air intake passage 45 is opened and closed by the pilot valve 67 operated by the operating lever 50 and the separate control valve 66a, it is possible to employ the construction as shown in Fig. l6 in place thereof. In the construction shown in Fig. l6 a poppet valve 90 is employed to make it possible that the air intake passage 45 is closed and opened without using the pilot valve 67 and the control valve 66a, while it is also possible to control the flow rate of the water. The poppet valve 90 has the following construction, wherein: the reference numeral 9l designates a poppet valve body which is provided with a valve element 92 seated on and separable from its valve seat 93 by means of a rod 94 which is slidably mounted on a central portion of the valve body 9l, and a trigger 97 attached to an end of rod 94 for slidably pushing the rod 94 in its longitudinal direction. Behind the trigger 97, the end of the rod 94 is threaded to form an adjusting screw 95 with a throttle adjusting nut 96 for regulating the volume of the pressurized air by adjust­ ing the clearance between the valve element 92 and the valve seat 93. In the poppet valve 90 when the trigger 97 is pushed down by the operator's finger, the poppet valve 90 is opened so that the pressurized air is fed to the air turbine 30, and the poppet valve 90 is closed under the effect of the pressurized air when the trigger 97 is released from the operator's finger. While there has been shown and described the fundamental novel features of the present invention as applied to its preferred embodiments, it will be understood that various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form and details of the present invention illustrated may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It is the intention therefore to be limited only by the scope of the following claims and reasonable equivalents thereof.

Claims: 1. An ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun comprising: a housing l having a grip 3 at the rear-end thereof; an eccentric rotor 4 mounted in said housing l; a water supply tube l2 rotatably mounted in an eccentric position with respect to the centre O of said eccentric rotor 4; a nozzle cartridge 2l carrying one or more nozzle tips 23 connected on the front end of said water supply tube l2; a hydraulic circuit 70 supplying ultra-high-pressure water to said water supply tube l2; and an actuator mounted in said housing l to rotate said eccentric rotor 4, characterised in that said actuator is an air turbine 30 using pressurized air as its power source, and said air turbine 30 comprises a casing 3l secured in said housing l nearby said grip 3, said casing 3l having an inlet port 43 and an outlet port 44, a turbine rotor 33 rotatably supported in said casing 3l and having a spindle 35 extending therefrom, a plurality of vanes 34 radially fixed to said said turbine rotor 33, a planetary gear mechanism 40,4l,42 interconnecting said spindle 35 of said turbine rotor 33 and, an output shaft 38 provided to rotate said eccentric rotor 4; an intake passage 45 for feeding the pressurized air to said inlet port 43; an exhaust passage 46 for discharging waste air from said outlet port 44 to the atmosphere; a control device 60 mounted in said grip 3 for opening and closing said intake passage 45; an operating member 50 mounted on a front portion of said grip 3 to operate said control device 60, and a pneumatic circuit 6l,62,63,64 connected to a terminal portion of said intake passage 45 so as to feed the pressurized air to said air turbine 30. 2. The ultra-high pressure rotary water jet gun as claimed in claim l, characterised in that said air control device 60 includes a pilot valve 67 mounted in said exhaust passage 46 and in operative relation to the actuation of said operation member 50, and a control valve 66a mounted in said intake passage 45 and which is controlled by said pilot valve 67 in a switching manner to open and close said intake passage 45. 3. The ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun as claimed in claim l, characterised in that said air control device 60 further includes a poppet valve body 9l inserted in a crossward direction to said intake passage 45, a valve rod 94 movably mounted in said valve body 9l, a valve seat 93 formed at the end of said valve body 9l within said intake passage 45, a poppet valve element 92 adjacent to said valve seat 93 at the end of said valve rod 94, and an adjusting screw 95,96 on formed said valve rod 94 for adjusting the clearance of said poppet valve 90. 4. The ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun as claimed in claim l, characterised in that: said pneumatic circuit 6l,62,63,64 comprises an air compressor 6l, air pressure adjusting means 62 and flow rate adjusting means 64. 5. The ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun as claimed in claim l, characterised in that: said hydraulic circuit 70 comprises an ultra-high-pressure water generating device 7l,72,73 and an unloading circuit 76 for guiding the ultra-high-pressure water to a discharging line 75a. 6. The ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that: said unloading circuit 76 comprises a remote control switch 79, a solenoid valve 77a actuated by a signal issued from said remote control switch 79, and an unloading relief valve 74 actuated in combination with said solenoid valve 77a to open and close said discharging line 75a. 7. The ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun as claimed in claim l, characterised in that: said hydraulic circuit 70 is provided with a reciprocating type piston pump 80 provided with an accumulator 88, said piston pump 80 being provided with a low-pressure piston 8l in its central portion and high-­ pressure pistons 82a,82b in its opposite end portions, said low-pressure piston 8l being reversibly driven by a hydraulic pump 78 through a solenoid-controlled pilot-­ operated valve 86 so that, according to the reciprocating motion of said low-pressure piston 8l, one of said opposite high-pressure pistons 82a,82b sucks the low-­ pressure water while the other of said high-pressure pistons 82a,82b discharges ultra-high pressure water which is fed to said accumulator 88 from which said high-­ pressure water is fed to the nozzle cartridge 2l of said rotary water jet gun. 8. The ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun as claimed in claim 7, characterised in that said solenoid-­ controlled pilot-operated valve 86 is actuated in a shifting manner by signals issued from two limit switches 84a,84b which are provided in opposite stroke end portions of said low-pressure piston 8l. 9. The ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun as claimed in claim l, characterised in that a substantially conical flexible cover member 25 provided with bellows 28 around its periphery is clamped between the front end portion of said housing l and the front end portion of said water supply tube l2. l0. The ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun as claimed in claim l, characterised in that a flexible cover member 29 is provided outside said nozzle cartridge 2l mounted on the front end of said water supply tube l2. 11. The ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun as claimed in claim l, characterised in that said nozzle cartridge 2l is threadably connected with said front end of said water supply tube l2. 12. The ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun as claimed in claim l, characterised in that said nozzle cartridge 2l is provided with a plurality of nozzle tips 23 spaced apart from the central portion thereof. 13. The ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun as claimed in claim l, characterised in that said eccentric rotor 4 for moving said water supply tube l2 in an orbiting manner is provided with an axial hole 5 for receiving said water supply tube l2 so that a thin wall portion 6a and a biased wall portion 6b are formed in said eccentric rotor 4, and in the axially central portion of said biased wall portion 6b there is formed a thick wall portion 7 projecting outward from the outer periphery and forming a half cylinder with respect to the centre O of said eccentric rotor 4, while a notch portion 8 is provided in said thin wall portion 6a. 14. An ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun characterised by the combination of a housing l, an eccentric rotor 4 rotatably mounted therein; an axial hole 5 formed in said rotor 4 in an eccentric position with respect to the centre O of said rotor 4, a water supply tube l2 rotatably mounted in said axial hole 5, a nozzle cartridge 2l for ejecting ultra-high-pressure water mounted on the front end of said water supply tube l2, a hydraulic circuit 70 connected to the rear end of said tube l2 to supply ultra-high-pressure water to said nozzle cartridge 2l, said hydraulic circuit 70 being provided with an unloading circuit 76 which is provided with a pilot-operated directional control valve 74 for controlling a discharging line 75a in opening and closing manner, an air turbine 30 mounted in said housing l, a pneumatic circuit 6l,62,63,64 including pressurized air generating means which feeds pressurized air to said air turbine 30, and an output shaft 38 for said air turbine 30 connected to said eccentric rotor 4 to rotate the same: wherein said pneumatic circuit 6l,62,63,64 is provided with: a main air circuit Ql for connecting said air turbine 30 with said pressurized air generating means 6l: a pilot-operated master valve 68 interposed in said main air circuit Ql; and, a control air circuit Q2 branched off from said pneumatic circuit through which said master valve 68 is connected with said pressurized air generating means 6l, which control air circuit Q2 comprises: a first pilot line Pa for sending a pilot signal to said master valve 68; and, a second pilot line Pb for sending said pilot signal to operate said control valve 74. 15. The ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun as claimed in claim l4, characterised in that said control air circuit Q2 is so constructed that said pilot signal is applied to operate said master valve 68 and said control valve through an air control device 60 which is actuated by an operating member 50. 16. The ultra-high-pressure rotary water jet gun as claimed in claim l5, characterisd in that said air control device 60 comprises; a pilot valve 67 actuated in combination with said operating member 50; and, a control valve 66b operated by said pilot valve 67.

Inventors: ADACHI, TAKAYUKI, IWAMOTO, TORU, SHINAGAWA, EIKICHI
Applicants: AIKO ENG KK, JSE CORP
Application year: 1986
Main classification: B08B3
IPC codes: B05B3, B08B3