Irrigation appliance

Abstract: The irrigation appliance comprises a pump (50) coupled to a water reservoir and a device (76) physically located remotely from but coupled to said pump (50) for receiving water from said pump (50) and serving to deli­ ver said liquid toward a point of use, throttling means (152,160) within said receiving and delivering device (76) and governing means (184) located in the water flow path through said pump (50) from said reservoir to said de­ vice (76). The governing means (184) including a first flow regulator (198) responsive to pump suction for en­ abling water flow from said reservoir at a rate deter­ mined in response to adjustment of said throttling means (152,160), and said governing means (184) also including a second flow regulator (206) responsive to pump pressure for enabling liquid flow from said pump (50) back to said reservoir at a rate correspon­ dingly determined by adjustment of said throttling means (152,160).

Description: The invention relates to an irrigation appliance comprising a reservoir for containing a supply of liquid, a pump having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet being coupled to said reservoir for receiving liquid therefrom and pressuring increased flow of said liquid from said reservoir through said pump, a device physically located remotely from but coupled to said pump for receiving said liquid from said pump and serving to deliver said liquid toward a point of use, a single hose coupling the pump outlet to said device, means within said receiving and delivering device for adjustably throttling the rate of flow of said liquid through said device, and governing means located in the path of flow of said liquid through said pump from said reservoir to said device, said governing means including a first check valve between the reservoir and the pump inlet responsive to pump suction and poled to normally pass liquid flow therethrough from said reservoir at a rate determined in response to adjustment of said throttling means, and said governing means also including a second oppositely poled check valve between the pump inlet and the reservoir and responsive to pump pressure to permit reverse flow from said pump and said single hose back to said reservoir at a rate correspondingly determined by adjustment of said throttling means. The most pertinent background is probably that contained in the field of oral hygiene appliances, although it has been recognized that many of the appliances for that field also find useful application in other areas such as the medical cleaning of wounds or cavities. Representative of the prior art are US-A-3,227,158; 3,420,228; 3,425,410; 3,453,969; 3,467,083; 4,094,311; 4,108,167; 4,302,186; 4,442,831; 4,452,238 and 4,534,340; and US-E-27274 as well as some of the patents cited therein. All of the foregoing patents involve the delivery of water in pulses with a degree of control of some characteristic such as pressure. Usually, pressure control was included in the base unit. As will be observed, there have been some suggestions of placing it in the user's handpiece, so that the user could achieve that control without removing the handpiece from his mouth when it was still delivering liquid. An alternative was to employ a second hand in an inconvenient manner while at the same time collating coordination. An irrigation appliance of the type referred to above, according to the precharacterizing portion of independent claim 1, is disclosed in JP-A-56-68447. The known appliance has a pressure regulator mechanism inside the receiving and delivering device or jet nozzle. Reference is also made to DE-A-33 47 239 which discloses a user-held handle of an oral hygiene irrigation appliance having a sleeve movable axially on the handle to stop fluid flow and rotatable to control the fluid flow rate. The sleeve has a cam having an axial and a circumferential ramp surface acting through a ball-shaped member to deform a flexible portion of the fluid flow line through the handle. The object is to provide an irrigation appliance affording the user with a greater degree of convenience in control of the pressure and turn off of delivered irrigating water or other liquid. According to the invention to achieve this the irrigation appliance is characterized in that the throttling means comprises a valve rotatably disposed within a bore intersecting a liquid flow passage in said device, said valve having in its exterior surface a circumferentially extending channel, the depth of which changes in circumferential direction, the valve being axially movable within the bore and normally retained therein by a spring in an axial position in which the circumferentially extending channel is in communication with the liquid flow passage, said valve being movable in opposition to the spring force to cut-off liquid flow in said liquid flow passage. The construction and manner of operation of one or more specific embodiments of the invention, together with further advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in the several figures of which like reference numerals identify like elements, and in which; Figure 1 is a perspective view of an irrigation appliance contructed in accordance with the present invention; Figure 2 is a similar view with different components arranged in different positions; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 3-3 in figure 2; Figure 4 is a framentary cross-sectional view of a component shown in figure 3; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken longitudinally through a component shown in figures 1 and 2; and Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 are longitudinally-taken cross-sectional views of a component included in figure 3 but individually showing respective different specific approaches. Shown in figure 1 is an irrigating appliance specifically originated for use in the field of oral hygiene. It enables the user to direct a pulsating jet of water or other liquid for the purpose of tooth cleaning and gum massage. However, such units also have found important use in other areas at least in personal care for such different implementations of use as wound debridiment or the flushing of debris from a cavity. The unit depicted in figure 1 includes a housing 20 secured a top a base 22 and within which housing are disposed certain operative components later to be described. Housing 20 has a top wall 24 and an upper surface on base 22 serves as a bottom wall 26. Top wall 24 and bottom wall 26 are joined by a circumferential side wall 28 shaped to define an inset 30 formed along one portion thereof. A cover 32 has a normally horizontal wall 34 from which laterally projects a circumscribing wall 36 shaped to mate with side wall 28 when cover 32 is positioned to overlie housing 20 in enveloping relationship. Wall 36 also has an insert 38 that mates with inset 30 when cover 32 is so positioned. An inlet 40 is formed in top wall 24. An outlet 42 is formed to define an opening through horizontal wall 34 and is so located as to be aligned with inlet 40 when cover 32 is inverted to dispose its circumscribing wall 36 normally upstanding from top wall 24. As indicated, circumscribing wall 36 is shaped to mate with side wall 28 when cover 32 is positioned to overlie the housing in enveloping relationship, with insert 38 mating with inset 30 when cover 32 is so positioned. Disposed within housing 20 is a pump 50 driven through a motion converter 52 from an electric motor 54. Broadly viewed, such a pumping assembly may take the form shown in the aforementioned US-A-4,302,186. Alternatively, the overall pumping assembly may be constructed with a different approach, such as a solenoid operated pump. In any event, liquid contained within the reservoir of cover 32, when disposed in its exposed upright position as shown in figure 2, is suctioned through a valve 58 which is displaced upwardly in the bottom of cover 32 at outlet 40 and through input tubing 60 into the pump body from which said liquid is delivered under pressure through an outlet hose 62 that continues outwardly of housing 20. Again speaking broadly, this overall arrangement was described in more detail in US-E-27,274. What in use normally would be the front or user's side of the appliance features an upstanding pedestal 70 located in this case to one side and which contains a switching mechanism operated by a push button 72. Further inwardly is formed a platform 74 along which are defined a plurality of wells to accept the seating of a corresponding plurality of jet tips 75. Jet tips 75 may be as described in more detail in US-A-4,337,040. An indentation in housing 20, disposed inwardly from platform 74, accepts a multi-turn coil of outlet conduit 62 which leads to a handpiece 76 seatable for storage within another well formed in platform 74 or, alternatively, might seat upon a peg upstanding from that platform. As shown in figure 1, when cover 32 is downturned so as to cover the entire unit, it embraces both tips 75 and handpiece 76. On the other hand, when cover 32 is inverted so as to serve as a reservoir for a liquid, inset 38 exposes handpiece 76 and an attached jet tip 75 for grasping and use by the operator. In this case, valve 58 preferably is constructed as shown in figure 4, although it alternatively may take a different from such as that shown in several of the references previously mentioned. Here, valve 58 is generally of an I-shape and is composed of a resilient material. It is disposed within an opening 80 formed in horizontal wall 34. Its transverse upper bar 81 at one end of a leg 82 seals opening 80 when it is disposed downwardly by resilient bar 86. A well 83 defined in top wall 24 has a centrally located passage 84. A circular nub 85 projects upwardly within well 83 to a location at which it engages the bottom surface of a lower transverse bar 86. Thus, when cover 32 is removed from the base, valve 58 moves downwardly into sealing relationship against horizontal wall 34. But when cover 32 is inverted and placed a top wall 24 in order to serve as the reservoir, nub 85 urges valve 58 upwardly, allowing flow of liquid from the reservoir through opening 80 and downwardly past a circumferentially spaced series of flutes 87 projecting from wall 34 and with the liquid then flowing through the interstices between those flutes on into passage 84 through additional flutes 88. Handle 76 is located at the outer end of flexible hose 62 and, as shown in Fig. 5, includes a seat 260 receptive of the lower end of jet tip or nozzle assembly 75. Seat 260 is defined within a cap 262 snap fitted upon a nose 264 of a cylinder 266. An O-ring 268, disposed within nose 264, accommodates the lower end portion of tip 75 in the manner described in the aforementioned US-A-4,302,186. Contained within bore 270, oriented laterally of cylinder 266 and continuing across an inlet passageway 272 aligned with an outlet passageway 274, is a cylindrical valve 276. Valve 276 is sealed within bore 270 by an O-ring 278. A knob 280 is mounted on the projecting outer end of valve 276. Defined circumferentially in the exterior surface of valve 276 is a channel 282 the depth of which changes in a direction around the circumference of valve 276. Valve 276 is urged outwardly of cylinder 266 by a compression spring 284. A seal 286 confines flow from channel 282 into passageway 274. In its normal outward position, channel 282 is aligned between passages 272 and 274, with the latter being sealed to the exterior surface of valve 276 by an O-ring 286. In the position illustrated, rotation of valve 276, by means of knob 280, changes the depth of channel 282 presented for the flow of water from passage 272 on upwardly to passage 274. On the other hand, mere thumb or finger pressure by the user on the outer end of knob 280 urges valve 276 inwardly against the force of spring 284 thereby displacing channel 282 out of the flow passageway and completely shutting out the flow of liquid. This enables the user to immediately shut off the delivery of water from the nozzle with a simple pushing motion of, say, his thumb. That allows the user to remove the nozzle from his mouth and either direct it into a basin and/or reach down with a digit of either hand and turn off the appliance so as to stop operation altogether. Pump 50 is shown in all of figures 6-9 in presently preferred forms, although, as indicated above, it may take other forms. In figure 6, it includes a piston 170 moved by a connecting rod 172 driven as usual through converter 52. Piston 170 slides within a cylinder 173 reciprocally in order to develop alternate pressure and suction within a manifold 174. The outlet 176 from manifold 174 is coupled into flexible hose 62. As such, piston 170 and its joinder to rod 172 preferably are contructed in accordance with the teaching in US-A-4,108,167. Passage 84 within the housing assembly of figure 4 is coupled into a snout 180 which leads into an upper cap 182 as part of a housing within which is defined a governor 184. Cap 182 mates with a lower portion 186 in this case integrally formed with and upstanding from the main pump body and in communication with manifold 174. As shown, cap 182 has a flange 188 which carries a tapered surface 190 so formed as to enable a snap fit of cap 182 upon body 186. Seated within body 186 and partially within cap 182 is an insert 192 within which is defined a first channel 194 narrowed down at its upper end 196 in order to seat a ball valve 198 when the latter is urged upwardly by the development of pressure within manifold 174. Below valve 198 are ribs 200 which allow valve 198 to be limited in movement while yet allowing liquid from reservoir of cover 32 to be drawn into manifold 174 upon the suction stroke of piston 170 and thereafter forced into hose 62 during a subsequent pressure stroke at which time valve 198 is sealed at 196. Thus, valve 198 serves as a free-floating inlet check valve, otherwise functioning in the same manner as that which is described in several of the prior patents herein above mentioned. Another channel 204 leads from the inlet to the outlet side through inset 192 and is necked down at its lower end, adjacent to manifold 174, so as to define a seat for a ball valve 206 urged downwardly by a spring 208. Ball valve 198 serves as a first regulator that respond to pump suction for enabling liquid flow from reservoir of cover 32 at a rate determined in response to adjustment of the throttling action within remotely and physically-separated hand-held device 76, in this case by means of mere finger-operable twisting of knob 164. At the same time, ball valve 206 and its associated components serve as a second regulator responsive to pressure developed by piston 170 to enable liquid flow back from manifold 174 into reservoir of cover 32 at a rate correspondingly determined by that same throttling adjustment accomplished within the remote hand-piece. Thus, the two check valves are reciprocally poled to pass liquid in opposing directions to and from the reservoir, but the action is coordinated with throttling control at the remote hand-piece. Figures 7 through 9 illustrate alternatives devised for accomplishing the same results of governing liquid flow in response to throttling action. In figure 7, ball valve 206 urged by spring 208 is located within an internal bore 210. Ball valve 198 of figure 6 is in this case replaced by a truncated nose 220 urged upwardly by a spring 226. That latter combination serves the purpose of ball valve 198 as explained with regard to that shown in figure 6. When the valve established at 220 is caused to move downwardly by pump suction, the liquid flows from the reservoir through a space left, or fluting provided in, the lower end of the drum-shaped structure 228 of valve 220. The alternative depicted in figure 8 is similar to that of figure 7, in that valve 206 is loaded by a spring 208 again within an internal bore with an upper valve 220 serving as the inlet check valve. The primary difference here is that the liquid flows around a pair of flanges 230 formed on body 220, possibly eliminating alignment problems that might occur with the arrangement of the version of figure 7. The different versions of figures 6-8 have all used ball-type check valves. As figure 9 illustrates, that is not a necessary limitation in terms of freedom of design. In this case, disposed within cavity 204 is only a single spring 240 that downwardly urges a multiple-valve body 242 which seats around the entrance to manifold 174 in order to serve, along with spring 240, as the reverse-flow regulator. At the same time, body 242 includes an internal passage 244 which opens in response to suction produced by piston 170. Thus, and as shown, body 242 becomes both the first regulator and the second regulator, with respect to alternative directions of liquid flow to or from reservoir 34. Internal opening 244 permits unidirectional flow as a part of a second check valve, the second check valve actually being formed by the upward movement, against spring 240, of body 242 upon increase in pressure within manifold 174 in response to throttling action by adjustment of knob 164 in the remote hand-piece. It will thus be seen that a number of advantageous features have been incorporated into a new appliance specifically designed for oral irrigation but also readily adaptable for other types of irrigation in connection with both personal and other use. At the same time, different features have been revealed that lead to convenience of user operation. Also disclosed have been a variety of different features believed to be useful in and of themselves.

Claims: An irrigation appliance comprising: a reservoir for containing a supply of liquid; a pump (50) having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet being coupled to said reservoir for receiving liquid therefrom and pressuring increased flow of said liquid from said reservoir through said pump (50); a device (76) physically located remotely from but coupled to said pump (50) for receiving said liquid from said pump (50) and serving to deliver said liquid toward a point of use; a single hose (62) coupling the pump outlet to said device (76); means within said receiving and delivering device (76) for adjustably throttling the rate of flow of said liquid through said device (76); and governing means (184) located in the path of flow of said liquid through said pump (50) from said reservoir to said device (76), said governing means (184) including a first check valve (198;220;244) between the reservoir and the pump inlet responsive to pump suction and poled to normally pass liquid flow therethrough from said reservoir at a rate determined in response to adjustment of said throttling means, and said governing means (184) also including a second oppositely poled check valve (206;242) between the pump inlet and the reservoir and responsive to pump pressure to permit reverse flow from said pump (50) and said single hose (62) back to said reservoir at a rate correspondingly determined by adjustment of said throttling means, characterized in that the throttling means comprises a valve (276) rotatably disposed within a bore (270) intersecting a liquid flow passage (272, 274) in said device (76), said valve (276) having in its exterior surface a circumferentially extending channel (282), the depth of which changes in circumferential direction, the valve (276) being axially movable within the bore (270) and normally retained therein by a spring (284) in an axial position in which the circumferentially extending channel (282) is in communication with the liquid flow passage (272, 274), said valve (276) being movable in opposition to the spring force to cut-off liquid flow in said liquid flow passage (272, 274). An irrigation appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that both of said first and second check valves are ball valves (198, 206). An irrigation appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that a valve surface of said first check valve (220) is formed on the exterior of a cylinder (228) having an internal bore (210) within which said second check valve (206) is located. An irrigation appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that said first check valve (198) is free floating in the path of liquid flow between said pump (50) and said reservoir. An irrigation appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that said first check valve includes a unidirectional flow opening (244) formed within the body (242) of said second valve.

Inventors: BAUM JOHN, HICKMAN JAMES, THOMAS GARY, BAUM, JOHN, HICKMAN, JAMES, THOMAS, GARY
Applicants: TELEDYNE IND, TELEDYNE INDUSTRIES, INC. D/B/A TELEDYNE WATER PIK
Application year: 1986
Main classification: A61M3
IPC codes: F16K15, A61H13, A62C25, A61C17, A61C1, A61M3, A61H33