NOVEL FORSKOLIN DERIVATIVES

Abstract: This invention relates to forskolin derivatives, their phys­ iologically acceptable salts, and a process for producing these compounds. The forskolin derivative is represented by the general formula wherein; I. when R¹ is hydrogen and R⁴ is vinyl, ethyl, or cyclopropyl, (1) either of R² and R³ denotes a residue represented by the formula wherein each of R⁵ and R⁶ denotes hydrogen or lower alkyl or R⁵ and R⁶ combine with each other to form a lower alkylene chain which may or may not contain an oxygen or nitrogen atom and m is an integer of 1 to 5, and the other one of R² and R³ denoted hydrogen or a residue represented by the formula CO(CH₂) n X, X being hydrogen or wherein, each of R⁷ and R⁸ denotes hydrogen or lower alkyl or R⁷ and R⁸ combine with each other to form a lower alkylene chain which may or may not contain an oxygen or nitrogen atom, and n being an integer of 1 to 5, or (2) R² denotes hydrogen or -COCH₂CH₂CO₂H and R³ den­ otes hydrogen, -COCH₃, -COCH₂CH₂CH₂CO₂H, or -COCH(OH)CH₂OH with the proviso that R³ is one of the last two residues when R² is hydrogen, and II. when R¹ is a residue represented by a formula of CO(CH₂) p CO₂H and wherein, each of R⁹ and R¹⁰ denotes hydrogen or lower alkyl, p is an integer of 0 to 5, and q is an integer of 1 to 5, R² denotes hydrogen, R³ denotes acetyl, and R⁴ denotes vinyl.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to novel forskolin derivatives represented by the general formula wherein R¹, R², R³ and R⁴ are as defined below having positive ionotropic, hypotensive, and adenylate cyclase-stimulating actions, processes for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing them. DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART Forskolin having the above formula wherein R¹ and R² each represent hydrogen, R³ represents COMe and R⁴ represents OH is already known to have ionotropic, hypotensive, and adenylate cyclase-stimulating actions (cf. JP-A-79 015/77 and Arzneimittelforschung, 31 , 1248 (1981)). However, forskolin is hardly water-soluble (only in a concentration of 0,0026 % at room temperature) and therefore special pharmaceutical device is necessary in order to administer it. Thus it has been desired to develop a water-soluble derivative of forskolin. Furthermore, in EP-A-191 166, EP-A-193 132 and EP-A-217 372 specific forskolin derivatives are described which have the same basic structure. From WO 85/03 637, "J. Med. Chem.", 1983, 26 , 486 - 492, and EP-A-116 713 forskolin derivatives and 14,15-dehydroforskolin derivatives are known which fall under the above formula (I) wherein R⁴ is cyclopropyl. However, the physiological activities of these known compounds are too low for today's requirements. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to develop novel water-soluble derivatives of forskolin which have improved physiological activities. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present inventors have made extensive studies and as a result thereof they had found that the following forskolin derivatives and their physiologically acceptable salts are better soluble than forskolin or the already known forskolin derivatives in acidic or neutral or basic solutions and have improved ionotropic, hypotensive, and adenylate cyclase-stimulating actions. According to a first aspect the present invention relates to novel forskolin derivatives represented by the following general formula wherein: I. when R¹ is hydrogen and R⁴ is vinyl or ethyl, either of R² and R³ denotes a residue represented by the formula wherein each of R⁵ and R⁶ denotes hydrogen or lower alkyl or R⁵ and R⁶ combine with each other to form a lower alkylene chain which may or may not contain an oxygen or nitrogen atom and m is an integer of 1 to 5, and the other one of R² and R³ denotes hydrogen or a residue represented by the formula CO(CH₂) n X, X being hydrogen or wherein, each of R⁷ and R⁸ denotes hydrogen or lower alkyl or R⁷ and R⁸ combine with each other to form a lower alkylene chain which may or may not contain an oxygen or nitrogen atom, and n being an integer of 1 to 5, with the exception of the compounds wherein: 1. R¹ and R² are hydrogen, R⁴ is vinyl, and R³ is piperidinobutyryl or wherein R⁵ and R⁶ have the meaning given before; or 2. R¹ and R³ are hydrogen, R⁴ is vinyl, and R² is wherein R⁵ and R⁶ have the meaning given before; or II. when R¹ is a residue represented by a formula of wherein, each of R⁹ and R¹⁰ denotes hydrogen or lower alkyl, q is an integer of 2 to 5, R² denotes hydrogen, R³ denotes acetyl, and R⁴ denotes vinyl; and its physiologically acceptable salt. Particularly preferred forskolin derivatives of the above formula (I) are those claimed in subclaims 2 to 7. According to a second aspect the present invention relates to a process for producing novel forskolin derivatives represented by the following general formula wherein, R⁴ is vinyl, or ethyl, each of R⁵ and R⁶ is hydrogen or lower alkyl or R⁵ and R⁶ combine with each other to form a lower alkylene chain which optionally contain an oxygen or nitrogen atom, m and n are each an integer of 1 to 5, and X is hydrogen or a residue represented by wherein; each of R⁷ and R⁸ is hydrogen or lower alkyl or R⁷ and R⁸ combine with each other to form a lower alkylene chain which optionally contain an oxygen or nitrogen atom, or a physiologically acceptable salt of the compound, the process comprising reacting a 7-deacetylforskolin derivative which is represented by the following general formula wherein R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and m are defined as above, with a carboxylic acid or its acid halide or acid anhydride, optionally hydrogenating the resulting compound represented by the general formula (VII) wherein R⁴ is vinyl group in the presence of a catalyst to convert the vinyl group to the ethyl group, and optionally reacting the free base of the resulting compound represented by the general formula (VII) with a physiologically acceptable acid to form the corresponding salt. Preferred embodiments of the above process of the present invention are claimed in subclaims 9 to 16. According to a third aspect the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions which contain at least one forskolin derivative as defined above. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In the above general formula (I), the lower alkyl group is, for example, an alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, or butyl. The lower alkylene chain which may or may not contain an oxygen or nitrogen atom is, for example, a C₃-C₅ chain such as -(CH₂)₃-, (CH₂)₄, (CH₂)₅, The residue which either of R² and R³ in formula (I) denotes is, for example, dimethylaminoacetyl, diethylaminoacetyl, diethylaminopropionyl, butylaminoacetyl, dimethylaminopropionyl, dimethylaminobutyryl, pyrrolidinobutyryl, pyrrolidinoacetyl, piperazinoacetyl, or morpholinoacetyl group. The residue -CO(CH₂) n X which the other one of R² and R³ denotes is, for example, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, or any of the above-cited various aminoacyl groups. Preferred examples of the compound represented by formula (I) have a lower alkylcarbonyl group, e.g. acetyl as R³ and as R², wherein m is 1 to 4 and R⁵ and R⁶ are lower alkyl groups. Now, description is given on the process for producing compounds represented by formula (I). 1. Compounds represented by formula (I) in which both R¹ and R² are hydrogen atoms and R³ is that is, compounds of the formula can be produced each according to some of the following processes: (1) 7-Deacetylforskolin (R¹=R²=R³=H, R⁴=-CH=CH₂), or 7-deacetyl-14,15-dihydroforskolin (R¹=R²=R³=H, R⁴=CH₂CH₃) is condensed with a compound represented by the general formula (wherein R⁵, R⁶ and m are as defined above) or with a reactive derivative thereof. (2) 7-Deacetylforskolin or 7-deacetyl-14,15-dihydroforskolin is condensed with a compound represented by the formula (wherein Y denotes halogen or an alkyl- or arylsulfonyloxy group and m is as defined above) or with a reactive derivative thereof, and the condensate is reacted with a compound represented by the general formula (wherein R⁵ and R⁶ are as defined above). (3) 7-Deacetylforskolin or 7-deacetyl-14,15-dihydroforskolin is condensed with a compound represented by the general formula (wherein m' is an integer of 2 to 4) or with a reactive derivative thereof, and the condensate is reacted with a compound represented by the above general formula (IV). When carboxylic acids of general formulas (II), (III), and (V) are used as such in the above condensations (1), (2), and (3) respectively, desirable results are obtained by carrying out the condensation in a solvent such as benzene, chloroform, ether, or ethyl acetate in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide + 4-dimethylaminopyridine, carbonyldiimidazole, or diphenylphosphorylazide for a period of 0.5 to 72 hours, preferably, 2 to 48 hours at a temperature of e.g. from -20° to +200°C, usually from a temperature under cooling with ice to about the boiling point of the used solvent. Herein, the compounds of general formula (II) include, for example, dimethylaminoacetic acid, butylaminoacetic acid, diethylaminoacetic acid, pyrrolidinoacetic acid, piperazinoacetic acid, morpholinoacetic acid, dimethylaminopropionic acid, and pyrrolidinobutyric acid. The compounds of general formula (III) include, for example, haloacetic acids (e.g. chloroacetic acid and bromoacetic acid), chloropropionic acid, chlorobutyric acid, chlorovaleric acid, methanesulfonyloxyacetic acid, p-toluenesulfonyloxybutyric acid, and methanesulfonyloxyvaleric acid. The compounds of general formula (V) include, for example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, vinylacetic acid, and allylacetic acid. When compounds of general formulas (II), (III), and (V) are used in the form of reactive derivative in the above condensations (1), (2), and (3), respectively, desirable results are obtained by carrying out the reaction in a solvent such as benzene, chloroform, ether, or ethyl acetate in the presence of a base such as pyridine or triethylamine for a period of 0.5 to 72 hours, preferably, 2 to 48 hours under cooling with ice or at a higher temperature up to about the boiling point of the used solvent. Reactive derivatives suitable for these condensations include, for example, acid halides, acid anhydrides, mixed acid anhydrides, and Leuchs anhydrides. In the above processes (2) and (3), the reaction with the amine of general formula (IV) is accomplished in a solvent such as dichloromethane with stirring for a period of 0.5 to 5 hours under cooling with ice. The amine of general formula (IV) is exemplified by dimethylamine, butylamine, diethylamine, pyrrolidine, piperazine, and morpholine. 2. The compound of formula (I) in which both R¹ and R³ are hydrogen atoms and R² is other than hydrogen, that is, the compound of the formula can be produced by dislocating the 7-positioned substituent of 7-substituted forskolin or 7-substituted-14,15-dihydroforskolin obtained by the above process 1, to the 6-position. This rearrangement is accomplished by reacting said 7-substituted compound with 0.1 to 10 equivalents, preferably 1 to 3 equivalents, of an inorganic base used as an alkali metal hydride, hydroxide, or carbonate (e.g. NaOH, KOH, K₂CO₃, or NaH) or of an organic base such as a tri(lower alkyl)amine (e.g. triethylamine) or 1,8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]-7-undecene in an organic solvent such as dimethylsulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, methanol, acetone, acetonitrile, dioxane or tetrahydrofuran or a mixture of water with each of these solvents, preferably a mixture of water with N,N-dimethylformamide or acetonitrile. The reaction is conducted for a period of 1 minute to 48 hours at a temperature of ca. -20° to ca. +200°C, normally from a temperature under cooling with ice to about the boiling point of the used solvent, preferably for a period of 30 minutes to 1 hour at room temperature. The compound of formula (X') can also be produced by treating the intermediate resulting from the condensation step of 1-(2) or 1-(3) above, in the same manner as in process 2 above, followed by reaction with an amine of the above formula (IV). 3. Compounds represented by formula (I) in which R¹ is hydrogen and both R² and R³ are other than hydrogen, that is, compounds of the formula can be produced each according to some of the following processes: (1) 6-Substituted 7-deacetylforskolin or 6-substituted 7-deacetyl-14,15-dihydroforskolin obtained according to the above process 2 or a 6-alkanoyl-7-acetylforskolin obtained in the same manner as described above is condensed with a compound represented by the general formula wherein Y and m are the same as in the above formula (III) or with a reactive derivative thereof in the same manner as in 1-(1) above. The compound of general formula (VI) is exemplified by acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and acids cited above as compounds of general formula (II). (2) When the compound to be produced has a nitrogen-containing substituent at the 7-position, this compound can be obtained by carrying out reactions similar to those of 1-(2) or 1-(3) above using any of 6-substituted 7-deacetylforskolin, 6-substituted 7-deacetyl-14,15-dihydroforskolin, and 6-alkanoyl-7-deacetylforskolin that are prepared according to the above process 2. It may be noted that in the above processes 1 to 3 the 1-positioned hydroxyl group of the starting material 7-deacetylforskolin or its derivative is protected with an acyl group (e.g. acetyl), ether group (e.g. methoxy), or silylether (e.g. t-butyldimethylsilyl), the reaction is carried out by using the resulting protected compound, and the protecting group is removed in the last step, whereby the present inventive compound of formula (I) can also be obtained. 4. The compound of formula (I) wherein R⁴ is ethyl, that is, 6- and/or 7-di(or mono)-substituted 13-ethyl -14,15-dinorforskolin can be produced by either hydrogenating 6- and/or 7-di(or mono) substituted forskolin prepared according to the above process 1, 2, or 3 or reacting it with diazomethane in the presence of such a catalyst as palladium acetate. 5. The compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ is that is, the compound of the formula (wherein R², R³, R⁴, R⁹, R¹⁰, and q are as defined above) can be produced by reacting the compound of the formula (wherein R², R³ and R⁴ are as defined above) with a carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (wherein R⁹, R¹⁰, and q are as defined above) or with its reactive derivative in a solvent at a temperature of from -20° to +200°C. 6. 6-Aminoalkylcarbonylforskolin or 6-aminoalkylcarbonyl-14,15-dihydroforskolin represented by the general formula (wherein R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, m, n, and X are as defined above) can be produced by reacting 6-aminoalkylcarbonyl-7-deacetylforskolin or 6-aminoalkylcarbonyl-7-deacetyl-14,15-dihydroforskolin represented by the general formula (wherein R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, and m are as defined above) with a carboxylic acid represented by the general formula HOOC(CH₂) n X (IX) (wherein X and n are as defined above) or with its reactive derivative in an organic solvent such as dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform and diethyl ether or a mixture thereof with water at a temperature, e.g. between ca. -20° and +200°C, preferably between -5° and the boiling point of the used solvent. 6-Aminoalkylcarbonyl-7-deacetylforskolin or 6-aminoalkylcarbonyl-7-deacetyl-14,15-dihydroforskolin that is, a starting material represented by general formula (VIII) can be prepared by reacting a base with 7-aminoalkylcarbonyl-7-deacetylforskolin which is represented by the general formula (wherein R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, and m are as defined above) in a polar solvent to dislocate the residue to the 6-position. It may be noted that in the above processes 1 to 5, the present inventive compound of formula (I) can also be obtained by using compound with carboxyl, hydroxyl, or amino group on R¹, R², or R³ protected with an acyl group (e.g. acetyl), ester group (e.g. methyl ester, ethyl ester), ether group (e.g. methoxy, acetonide), or silyl ether group (e.g. t-butyldimethylsilylether) as intermediate, and the protecting group is removed in the last step. Unless otherwise noted, any of the above reactions is carried out desirably in an organic solvent such as dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane and chloroform or a mixture thereof with water. From the reaction product solution, the compound of the present invention is isolated and purified in usual ways, thereby being obtained in the form of free base, free acid, or salt depending upon reaction conditions and the way of after-treatment. If desired, the free base and the free acid can be transformed each into a salt in the normal may. The free base may be transformed into an inorganic acid addition salt such as hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulfate, or phosphate or into an organic acid addition salt such as a salt of formic acid, acetic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, or methanesulfonic acid. The free acid may be transformed into a metal salt such as sodium salt, potassium salt, magnesium salt, or calcium salt or into a salt of organic base such as quaternary ammonium salt or pyridinium salt. Theoretically, there exist optical isomers of the present inventive compounds which have an asymmetric carbon atom in R² or R³. Therefore these optical isomers are included in the scope of the present invention. The optical isomers can be separated by a known method, e.g. chromatography or fractional crystallization. Table 1 shows examples of the present inventive compounds produced by the above described process. Physiological activities of the present inventive compound are determined in the following ways: 1. Positive inotropic activity and hypotensive activity Using adult dogs, either male or female, of the beagle or mixed breed as test animals, a polyethylene tube is inserted into the left ventricle of each animal through its carotid artery under anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium for the purpose of measuring the internal pressure of the left ventricle. Also a polyethylene tube is inserted into a femoral artery of the animal for the purpose of measuring blood pressure. Each polyethylene tube is connected to a pressure transducer and the pressure is recorded continuously on a recorder through a pressure strain gage. Further the rise rate of the left ventricle internal pressure (dp/dt)is determined by using a differential meter and recorded continuously in a similar way to serve as an index of the inotropic activity. The activity of the test compounds is represented by the relative values to the maximum effects given by forskolin. The maximum increase in the rise rate (dp/dt) and the maximum decrease in the mean blood pressure (MBP), which are resulting from the intravenous administration of 30 µg/kg of forskolin, are assumed as 1, the activity of the test compounds is expressed as the relative values of those resulting from the intravenous administration of 300 µg/kg or 30 µg/kg of the test compounds. 2. Adenylate cyclase stimulating activity A membrane fraction obtained from a homogenate of guinea pig myocardia was used as an authentic sample of adenylate cyclase [see G.I. Drummond, D.L. Severson, and L. Kuncan, J. Biol. Chem., 246 , 4166 (1971)]. Labeled cAMP produced by adenylate cyclase from the labeled ATP as the substrate is determined according to the method of Salomon et al. [Y. Salomon, C. Londos, and M. Rodbell, Anal. Biochem., 58 , 541 (1974)]. The reaction is initiated by adding the authentic enzyme to a solution of 25 mM Tris·HCl (pH 7.5) containing 5 mM of MgCl₂, 20 mM of creatine phosphate, 100 V/ml of creatine phosphokinase, 1 mM of cAMP, 1 mM of [¹⁴C (U)] ATP (ca. 7 cpm/pmol), and either forskolin or the test compound (1 µM), so that the final volume of the reaction mixture will become 100 µl. The authentic enzyme is used in an amount of 150 to 200 µg/100 µl as membrane protein. After 10 minute at 37°C, the reaction is stopped by adding 100 µl of a stop solution (pH 7.5) containing 2% of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), 40 mM of ATP, and 1.4 mM of cAMP, then 50 µl of [³H] cAMP (ca. 20,000 cpm) is added for the purpose of measuring the percentage of cAMP recovered. Thereafter, cAMP is isolated by chromatography on a Dowex 50 resin column and on a neutral alumina column and the radioactivity of the cAMP is determined. The adenylate cyclase stimulating activity of the test compounds (1 µM) is expressed as the percentage of the activity based on that of forskolin (1 µM), [n=4 (n=6 for Nos. 10 and 17, n=2 for Nos. 38, 39, 41, 42), mean value ± standard deviation]. Table 2 shows results of the assays 1 and 2 on typical compounds of the present invention. 3. Solubility As a result of measuring the solubility of the present inventive compound in water, all the compounds showed higher solubilities than forskolin. Thus, the compounds of the present invention have excellent positive inotropic, hypotensive, and adenylate cyclase stimulating actions and higher water-solubility than those of forskolin. Therefore the present inventive compounds are expected to be effective as a remedy for chronic cardiac failure, hypotensive agent, and cerebral vasodilator, and in addition as a remedy for diseases, such as glaucoma, asthma, immunity failure, tumor, and digestive system diseases, which are caused by abnormal regulation of cAMP. Suitable doses of the compound for treating these diseases are generally from 0.01 to 30 mg/kg day though dependent on the disease state and age of the patient to be treated and on the way of administration. Preferred compounds of the present invention are 6-dimethylaminoacetylforskolin (compound No. 10), 6-(3-dimethylaminopropionyl)forskolin (compound No. 17), 6-(4-dimethylaminobutyryl)forskolin (compound No. 20) 6-(4-aminobutyryl)forskolin (compound No. 38), 6-pyrrolidinoacetyl)forskolin (compound No. 39), and 6-(4-dimethylaminobutyryl)-14,15-dihydroforskolin (compound No. 41). Among these compounds, compound Nos. 17, 20 and 38 are particularly superior in therapeutic efficacy and in other properties. The present inventive compounds may be mixed with any suitable, pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to form tablets, granules, finer granules, powders, capsules, injectable compositions, suppositories, eye drops, plasters, ointments, and other forms of pharmaceutical compositions, which are administered orally or parenterally. The present compounds, are more water-soluble than forskolin, so they can be made up into drugs in the form of aqueous solution suitable for infusion or intravenous administration. Hence great therapeutic effects of the compounds are expected in the case of parenteral administration thereof. The present invention is illustrated in more detail with reference to the following examples. Example 1 7-Deacetyl-7-(3-dimethylaminopropionyl)forskolin (compound No. 7) A mixture of forskolin (15 g), t-butyldimethylchlorosilane (11.25 g), imidazole (5.25 g), and N,N-dimethylformamide (45 ml) is stirred at 70°C for 21 hr to complete the reaction. Then, the product solution is poured into water and this mixture is extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo to give crude 1-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)forskolin (21.62 g). This oily product (21.62 g) is dissolved in methanol (250 ml), and 1 N aqueous NaOH (40 ml) is added dropwise to the solution under cooling with ice. This reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature overnight to complete the reaction, and then concentrated in vacuo. The concentrate, after addition of water, is extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and the concentrate (20 g) is purified by chromatography on silica gel. The elusion with hexane-ethyl acetate (5:1) yields 1-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)-7-deacetylforskolin (17.42 g, 99% yield based on forskolin) in oily form. IR (neat) ν : 3500, 3300, 1710 cm⁻¹ MS m/z (relative intensity) : 482 (M⁺, 0.8), 466 (100), 407 (8), 311 (20), 191 (36), 75 (100) 3-chloropropionyl chloride (513 mg) is added dropwise to a mixture of the oily product (1.5 g), pyridine (320 mg), and dichloromethane (10 ml). After 5 hr stirring at room temperature, pyridine (320 mg) and 3-chloropropyionyl chloride (513 mg) are added to the mixture. This reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature overnight to complete the reaction. The product solution, after addition of water, is extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is washed with water, dried, and filtered to remove the used drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated to give crude 1-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)-7-(3-chloropropionyl)-7-deacetylforskolin (2.09 g) in oily form. To a solution (10 ml) of this oily product (1 g) in dichloromethane is added an excess of dimethylamine under cooling with ice. This mixture is stirred at room temperature for 2 hr to complete the reaction. Then, the product solution is concentrated to give crude 1-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)-7-deacetyl-7-(3-dimethylaminopropionyl)forskolin (877 mg) in oily form. ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 5.44 (1H, d, J=4.6Hz), 4.62 (1H, br s), 4.60 (1H, br s), 2.86 (6H, s), 1.70 (3H, s), 1.45 (3H, s), 1.33 (3H, s), 1.26 (3H, s), 1.05 (3H, s), 0.87 (9H, s), 0.14 (3H, s), 0.32 (3H, s). To a methanolic solution (10 ml) of this oily product (865 mg) is added trifluoroacetic acid (4 ml) under cooling with ice. The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 43 hr to complete the reaction, and then concentrated. This concentrate is diluted with dil. hydrochloric acid, and washed with ethyl acetate. The separated aqueous layer is made alkaline with 28% aqueous ammonia and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated and subjected to recrystallization from hexane-dichloromethane, yielding 7-deacetyl-7-(3-dimethylaminopropionyl)forskolin (283 mg) [yield: 41% based on 1-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)-7-deacetylforskolin]. mp 150-153°C MS m/z (relative intensity): 467 (M⁺, 2), 202 (2), 159 (8), 118 (29), 92 (61), 91 (81), 58 (100). Using diethylamine in place of dimethylamine, compound No. 25 is obtained in the form of colorless oil. Yield: 69.1% MS m/Z: 495 (M⁺) Example 2 7-Deacetyl-7-(4-pyrrolidinobutyryl)forskolin (compound No. 8) A solution (10 ml) of 4-chlorobutyryl chloride (800 mg) in dichloromethane is added to a mixture of 7-deacetylforskolin (1.3 g), pyridine (700 mg), and dichloromethane (40 ml) under cooling with ice. This reaction mixture is stirred at toom temperature for 3 hr to complete the reaction. The product solution is concentrated in vacuo, and purified by chromatography on silica gel. The elution with hexane-ethyl acetate yields 7-(4-chlorobutyryl)-7-deacetylforskolin (1.27 g) in oily form. ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 5.53 (1H, d, J=5Hz), 4.58 (1H, br s), 4.48 (1H, br s), 3.64 (2H, t, J=6Hz), 2.62 (2H, m), 2.18 (4H, m), 1.73 (3H, s), 1.45 (3H, s), 1.35 (3H, s), 1.27 (3H, s), 1.04 (3H, s). A mixture of this oily product (1.27 g), pyrrolidine (20 ml), and dichloromethane (50 ml) is stirred at room temperature for 5 days to complete the reaction. The product solution is concentrated in vacuo, and after addition of water, is extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and then purified by chromatography on silica gel. The elution with chloroform-methanol yields 7-deacetyl-7-(4-pyrrolidinobutyryl)forskolin (109 mg, 6% yield based on 7-deacetylforskolin). ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 5.37 (1H, d, J=4Hz), 4.56 (1H, m), 4.50 (1H, m), 2.53 (8H, m), 1.93 (2H, m), 1.79 (4H, m), 1.73 (3H, s), 1.44 (3H, s), 1.35 (3H, s), 1.26 (3H, s), 1.03 (3H, s), MS m/z (relative intensity): 507 (M⁺, 4), 199 (3), 156 (26), 140 (10), 92 (40), 91 (52), 84 (100). Example 3 6-Dimethylaminoacetylforskolin (compound No. 10) (1) Production of 7-Deacetyl-7-dimethylaminoacetylforskolin (compound No. A solution (1 ml) of chloroacetyl chloride (250 mg) in dichloromethane is added to a mixture of 7-deacetylforskolin (500 mg), pyridine (250 mg), and dichloromethane (10 ml) under cooling with ice and stirred at room temperature for 1 hr. Further a solution (1 ml) of pyridine (75 mg) and acetyl chloride (75 mg) in dichloromethane is added under cooling with ice and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 3 hr to complete the reaction. Then, the product solution is evaporated in vacuo to remove the dichloromethane and unreacted reagents, giving 7-deacetyl-7-chloroacetylforskolin in oily form, which is subjected to the next reaction without purification. That is, the oily product is dissolved in dichloromethane (10 ml), dimethylamine (3 ml) is added under cooling with ice, and the mixture is stirred for 1 hr to complete the reaction. This product solution is concentrated in vacuo, and after addition of water, the mixture is extracted with ethylacetate. The organic layer (extract solution) is washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo, and the concentrate (780 mg) is purified by chromatography on silica gel. The elusion with ethyl acetate yields 7-deacetyl-7-dimethylaminoacetylforskolin (compound No. 1) (468 mg, 76% yield based on 7-deacetyl-forskolin). mp 162-166°C (recrystallized from hexane-ethyl acetate) IR (nujol) ν: 3450, 3200, 1735, 1705 cm⁻¹ MS m/z (relative intensity): 453 (M⁺, 5), 357 (6), 102 (71), 59 (52), 58 (100) This crystalline product is dissolved in dioxane, and an equimolar amount of HCl dissolved in dioxane is added to give hydrochloride of the product. mp 284-287°C (EtOH) IR (nujol) ν: 1740, 1710 cm⁻¹ 7-Deacetyl-7-dimethylaminoacetylforskolin (compound No. 3) is also obtained according to the above procedure but using amines shown in the following table in place of dimethylamine. (2) Production of 6-Dimethylaminoacetyl-7-deacetylforskolin (compound No. 9) 7-Deacetyl-7-dimethylaminoacetylforskolin (compound No. 1) (200 mg) is dissolved in an acetonitrile-water (45 : 55) mixture (20 ml), 1 N aqueous NaOH (0.8 ml) is added, and the solution is stirred at room temperature for 25 min to complete the reaction. The product solution is concentrated in vacuo, and after addition of water, is extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and the concentrate (242 mg) is purified by chromatography on silica gel. The elution with acetonitrile yields 6-dimethylaminoacetyl-7-deacetylforskolin (compound No. 9, 176 mg, 88% yield). mp 116-117°C (hexane-ethylacetate) IR (nujol) ν: 3410, 3200, 1750, 1720 cm⁻¹ MS m/z: 453 (m⁺, 5), 350 (2), 237 (2), 219 (2), 104 (15), 58 (100). This crystalline product is dissolved in dioxane and an equimolar amount of HCl dissolved in dioxane is added to yield hydrochloride of the product. mp 263-265°C (EtOH) IR (nujol) ν: 3490, 3230, 2680, 1745, 1710 cm⁻¹ The following compounds are obtained by the same rearrangement reaction using the corresponding 7-substituted 7-deacetyl forskolins. (3) Production of 6-Dimethylaminoacetylforskolin (compound No. 10) A mixture of pyridine (1 g) and acetyl chloride (750 mg) is added in 4 parts to a mixture of 6-dimethylaminoacetyl-7-deacetylforskolin (compound No. 9, 587 mg) and dichloromethane (20 ml) and stirred at room temperature for 7 hr to complete the reaction. The product solution, after addition of water, is made alkaline with a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate (NaHCO₃) solution, and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer is dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated, and the concentrate (811 mg) is purified by chromatography on silica gel. The elution with hexane-ether (1:3) yields 6-dimethylaminoacetylforskolin (444 mg, 69% yield). mp 190-193°C (toluene) IR (nujol) ν: 3100, 1750, 1730, 1720 cm⁻¹ ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 5.86 (1H, q, J=4Hz, J=2.7Hz), 5.56 (1H, d, J=4.9Hz), 4.61 (1H, br s), 3.18 (2H, s), 2.31 (6H, s), 2.04 (3H, s), 1.64 (3H, s), 1.42 (3H, s), 1.35 (3H, s), 1.04 (3H, s), 0.96 (3H, s). Hydrochloride of this product is obtained in the same manner as in above (2). mp 255-260°C (EtOH) IR (nujol) ν: 3240, 3130, 2400, 1750, 1725 cm⁻¹ Compound Nos. 11 and 12 are produced according to the procedure of this example but using propionyl chloride and butyryl chloride, respectively, in place of acetyl chloride. Also, compound Nos. 15, 17, 18 and 20 are produced according to the procedure of this example but using 6-diethylaminoacetyl-7-deacetylforskolin (compound No. 14), 6-(3-dimethylaminopropionyl)-7-deacetylforskolin (compound No. 23), 6-(3-diethylaminopropionyl)-7-deacetylforskolin (compound No. 24), and 6-(4-dimethylaminobutyryl)-7-deacetylforskolin (compound No. 19), respectively, in place of 6-dimethylaminoacetyl-7-deacetylforskolin. Example 4 6-Dimethylaminoacetyl-7-deacetyl-7-dimethylaminoacetylforskolin (compound No. 13) Chloroacetyl chloride (209 mg) is added dropwise to a mixture of 6-dimethylaminoacetyl-7-deacetylforskoline (compound No. 9, 700 mg), pyridine (146 mg), and dichloromethane (10 ml) under cooling with ice. This reaction mixture is stirred for 3 hr while cooling with ice to complete the reaction, and then concentrated. The concentrate, diluted with water, is made alkaline with a saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated to give 7-chloroacetyl-7-deacetyl-6-dimethylaminoacetylforskolin (749 mg) in the form of white solid. A solution (20 ml) of this white solid (749 mg) in dichloromethane is added dropwise to a solution (20 ml) of excess dimethylamine in dichloromethane under cooling with ice and stirred at room temperature for 1 hr to complete the reaction. The product solution, after addition of water, is extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer is dried over magnesium sulfate and then filtered to remove the drying agent. The filter is concentrated, and the concentrate (728 mg) is purified by chromatography on silica gel. The elution with dichloromethane-acetone (2:1) yields 6-dimethylaminoacetyl-7-deacetyl-7-dimethylaminoacetylforskolin (186 mg, 23% yield based on compound No. 9). mp 180-183°C (hexane-ethyl acetate) MS m/z (relative intensity): 538 (M⁺, 58), 454 (8), 104 (100), 102 (100). According to the above procedure, 6-acetyl-7-deacetylforskolin is converted into 6-acetyl-7-chloroacetyl-7-deacetylforskolin, which in turn is reacted with dimethylamine, thereby yielding 6-acetyl-7-deacetyl-7-dimethylaminoacetylforskolin (compound No. 21, 88% yield base on 6-acetyl-7-deacetylforskolin). ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 5.82 (1H, q, J=4.7Hz, J=3.0Hz), 5.62 (1H, d, J=4.4Hz), 4.61 (1H, br s), 3.15 (2H, center of AB quartet, J=17Hz), 2.37 (6H, s), 2.09 (3H, s), 1.66 (3H, s), 1.44 (3H, s), 1.33 (3H, s), 1.03 (3H, s), 0.98 (3H, s). In the same manner, 6-acetyl-7-deacetylforskolin is converted into 6-acetyl-7-(4-chlorobutyryl)-7-deacetylforskolin by using 4-chlorobutyryl chloride. ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 5.83 (1H, q, J=4.3Hz, J=3.1Hz), 5.55 (1H, d, J=4.6Hz), 4.63 (1H, br s), 3.52 (2H, m), 2.38-2.6 (4H, m), 2.10 (3H, s), 2.04-2.2 (3H, m), 1.67 (3H, s), 1.44 (3H, s), 1.36 (3H, s), 1.04 (3H, s), 0.98 (3H, s). This product compound is reacted with pyrrolidine to yield 6-acetyl-7-deacetyl-7-(4-pyrrodinobutyryl)-forskolin (compound No. 22, 14% yield based on 6-acetyl-7-deacetylforskolin). ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 5.81 (1H, q, J=4.3Hz, J=2.9Hz), 5.54 (1H, d, J=4.6Hz), 4.60 (1H, br s), 2.62 (6H, m), 2.28-2.44 (3H, m), 2.09 (3H, s), 1.75-1.95 (6H, m), 1.65 (35), 1.44 (3H, s), 1.35 (3H, s), 1.03 (3H, s), 0.98 (3H, s). Example 5 Forskolin-1-(4-dimethylaminobutyrate) (compound No. 36) A mixture of forskolin (0.20 g), N,N-dimethylaminobutyric acid hydrochloride (0.25 g), dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (0.40 g), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.30 g), and dichloromethane (5 ml) is subjected to reaction at room temperature for 2 hr. The precipitated crystals are filtered, and the filtrate is made alkaline with a 5% aqueous NaHCO₃ solution and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is washed with water, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and purified by chromatography on silica gel. The elution with ethyl acetate and then with ethyl acetate-methanol-triethylamine (95:5:1) yields forskolin-1-(4-dimethylaminobutyrate) (compound No. 36, 0.19 g) in the form of colorless oil. ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 5.55 (1H, s), 5.53 (1H, d, J=4.8Hz), 4.47 (1H, br s), 2.5-2.1 (4H, m), 2.18 (6H, s), 2.17 (3H, s), 1.71 (3H, s), 1.85-1.65 (2H, m), 1.54 (3H, s), 1.35 (3H, s), 1.28 (3H, s), 1.06 (3H, s). MS (FAB) m/z (relative intensity): 524 (M+H, 100), 632 (MH⁺ 108, 78). Example 6 Forskolin-1-glycinate (compound No. 34) (1) A mixture of forskolin (0.3 g), N-t-butoxycarbonylglycine (0.3 g), dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (0.4 g), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.3 g), and dichloromethane (5 ml) is stirred at room temperature for 2 hr. The precipitated crystals is separated from the product solution by filtration, and the filtrate is extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is washed with water, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo and chromatographed on a silica gel column. The elution with ethyl acetate-benzene (5:95) and then with ethyl acetate-benzene (10:90) yields forskolin-1-N-BOC-glycinate (0.31 g) in the form of colorless oil. ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 5.61 (1H, br s), 5.42 (1H, d, J=4Hz), 4.45 (1H, s), 3.80 (2H, d, J=5.3Hz), 2.17 (3H, s), 1.74 (3H, s), 1.55 (3H, s), 1.45 (9H, s), 1.34 (3H, s), 1.29 (3H, s), 1.05 (3H, s). (2) Then, this forskolin-1-N-BOC-glycinate (0.31 g) is dissolved in acetic acid (0.5 ml), and a hydrobromic acid-acetic acid solution (0.5 ml) is added under cooling with ice. This reaction mixture is left standing at room temperature for 10 min. The excess hydrochloric acid in the product solution is neutralized with a 5% aqueous NaHCO₃ solution. The resulting solution is chromatographed on an Amberlite XAD-2 resin column, the column is washed with water, and the adsorbate is eluted with methanol, yielding forskolin-1-glycinate (compound 34, 0.12 g) in the form of colorless oil. MS (FAB) m/z (relative intensity): 468 (MH), 576 (MH+108). In the same way as above, forskolin-1-(6-aminocaproate) (compound No. 37) and forskolin-1-(4-aminobutyrate) (compound No. 35) can be produced. Forskolin-1-(6-aminocaproate) (compound 37): Oily matter MS (FAB) m/z: 524 (M+H), 632 (MH+108). Forskolin-1-(4-aminobutyrate) (compound No. 35): Oily matter MS (FAB) m/z: 496 (M+H), 604 (MH+108). Example 7 6-(4-Aminobutyryl)forskolin (compound No. 38) (1) A mixture of 4-(t-butoxycarbonylamino)butyric acid (8.20 g), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (6.40 g), and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (12.60 g) is added in 4 parts to a mixture of 7-deacetylforskolin (3.00 g) and dichloromethane (100 ml) under cooling with ice. This reaction mixture is stirred overnight at room temperature to complete the reaction. The product solution, after addition of water (0.5 ml), is concentrated in vacuo. Dichloromethane is added to the concentrate and the insoluble matter is removed therefrom by filtration. The filtrate is concentrated and purified by chromatography on a silica gel column. The elution with dichloromethaneethyl acetate (10:1) yields 7-[4-(t-butoxycarbonylamino)-butyryl]-7-deacetylforskolin (compound No. 38a, 1.60 g, 36% yield) in the form of colorless oil. MS m/z (relative intensity): 535 ([M-H₂O]⁺, 23), 479 (23), 104 (34), 86 (81), 57 (100). (2) To a mixture of this oily product (compound No. 38a, 1.50 g), acetonitrile (90 ml), and water (60 ml) is added 1-N aqueous NaOH (6 ml), and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 40 min. Immediately after completion of the reaction, the product solution is concentrated, and after addition of water, is extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract solution is dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated and the concentrate (1.43 g) is purified by chromatography on a silica gel column. The elution with dichloromethane-ethyl acetate (4:1-2:1) yield 6-[4-(t-butoxycarbonylamino)butyryl]-7-deacetylforskolin (compound No. 38b, 1.12 g, 75% yield). mp 188-190°C (ethyl acetate) IR (nujor) ν: 3350, 1735, 1710 cm⁻¹ (3) This compound (No. 38b, 1.12 g) is dissolved in dichloromethane (80 ml), and a mixture of pyridine (1.52 g) and acetyl chloride (675 mg) is added in 3 parts to the solution. This reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 8 hr and then water is added to end the reaction. The product solution is extracted with dichloromethane, and the organic layer is dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated, and the concentrate (1.97 g) is purified by chromatography on a silica gel column. The elution with dichloromethane-ethyl acetate (10:1-5:1) yields 6-[4-(t-butoxycarbonylamino)butyryl]forskolin (compound No. 38c, 414 mg, 34% yield). mp 162-165°C (hexane-toluene) (4) This compound (No. 38c, 123 mg) is dissolved in 85% formic acid under cooling with ice to react therewith. This solution is stirred at room temperature for 2 hr to complete the reaction. The product solution is concentrated, diluted with water, and washed with ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer is made alkaline with 3 N aqueous Na₂CO₃ and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer is dried over magnesium sulfate and filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated and subjected to recrystallization from ethyl acetatemethanol, yielding 6-(4-aminobutyryl)forskolin (compound No. 38, 31 mg, 30% yield). mp 191-192°C IR (nujol) ν: 3360, 1725 cm⁻¹ ¹H-NMR (CD₃OD) δ: 5.76 (1H, q, J=4.7 Hz, J=3.3Hz), 5.39 (1H, d, J=4.3 Hz), 4.42 (1H, br s), 2.59 (2H, t, J=6.0Hz), 2.2-2.4 (2H, m), 1.88 (3H, s), 1.8-1.6 (3H, m), 1.56 (3H, s), 1.37 (3H, s), 1.23 (3H, s), 0.91 (6H, s). MS m/z (relative intensity): 495 (M⁺, 14), 146 (32), 104 (100), 99 (13), 86 (74). Example 8 6-Pyrrolidinoacetylforskolin (compound No. 39) (1) 7-Deacetyl-7-pyrrolidinoacetylforskolin (4.20 g), which is obtainable in the same way as in Example 15-(1) but using pyrrolidinoacetic acid in place of 4-(t-butoxycarbonylamino)butyric acid, is dissolved in an acetonitrile-water (4:1) mixture (150 ml), and 1-N aqueous NaOH (9.63 ml) is added dropwise to the solution under cooling with ice. This reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 6 hr and then water is added to end the reaction. The product solution is extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer is concentrated and dissolved in ether. The ether solution is extracted with 1-N aqueous HCl. Aqueous ammonia is added dropwise to the aqueous layer of extract solution under cooling with ice to make the solution alkaline, and this solution is extracted with ether. The organic layer is dried over magnesium sulfate and then filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated, and purified by chromatography on a silica gel column. The elution with dichloromethanemethanol (20:1) yields 7-deacetyl-6-pyrrolidinoacetylforskolin (compound No. 39a, 900 mg, 21% yield). IR (KBr) ν: 3460, 3210, 1745, 1710 cm⁻¹ MS m/z (relative intensity): 479 (M⁺, 1), 130 (8), 84 (100). (2) Pyridine (72 mg) and acetyl chloride (72 mg) are added each in 4 times over 6 hr to a mixture of the above obtained compound (No. 39a, 100 mg) and dichloromethane (10 ml) under cooling with ice. This reaction mixture is stirred overnight at room temperature and then extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer is washed with a saturated aqueous NaCl solution, dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated and the concentrate (120 mg) is purified by chromatography on a silica gel column. The elution with chloroform-methanol (20:1) yields 6-pyrrolidinoacetylforskolin (compound No. 39, 53 mg, 50% yield). mp 166-168°C (dichloromethane-hexane) IR (KBr) ν: 3450, 3230, 1750, 1715 cm⁻¹ Example 9 7-Deacetyl-7-(4-dimethylaminobutyryl)forskolin (compound No. 40) A mixture of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (35.82 mg) and dichloromethane (120 ml) is added dropwise to a mixture of 7-deacetylforskoline (8.00 g), 4-dimethylaminobutyric acid hydrochloride (14.56 g), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (21.21 g), and dichloromethane (150 ml) under cooling with ice. This reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 4 hr to complete the reaction. The product solution is extracted with dil. aqueous HCl. The aqueous layer, made alkaline with conc. aqueous ammonia, is extracted with diethyl ether. The organic layer is washed with water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and filtered to remove the drying agent. The filtrate is concentrated in vacuo, yielding 7-deacetyl-7-(4-dimethylaminobutyryl)forskolin (5.41 g, 52% yield based on 7-deacetylforskolin) in oily form. MS m/z: 481 (M⁺) Example 10 6-(4-Dimethylaminobutyryl)-14,15-dihydroforskolin (compound No. 41) A mixture of 6-(4-dimethylaminobutyryl)-forskolin (30 mg), a 5% palladium-on-carbon catalyst (6 mg), and methanol (8 mg) is stirred under a hydrogen atmosphere at room temperature for 5 hr to complete the reaction. The product solution is filtered to remove the catalyst. The filtrate is concentrated to yield 6-(4-dimethylaminobutyryl)-14,15-dihydroforskolin (compound No. 41, 30 mg, 100% yield). mp 210-212°C (methanol) IR (nujol) ν: 3160, 1730, 1740 cm⁻¹ Compound Nos. 42-45, as shown in Table 4, are produced in the same way as in this example. NMR and MS of compound Nos. 41, 43 and 45 are as shown in Table 5. The starting material for producing compound No. 42 can be prepared according to the procedure of Example 9 but using N,N-dimethylglcine hydrochloride in place of 4-dimethylaminobutyric acid hydrochloride. The starting materials for producing compound Nos. 43, 44 and 45 can be prepared according to the procedure of Example 15 but using N,N-dimethylglycine hydrochloride, pyrrolidinoacetic acid, and 3-dimethylaminopropionic acid, respectively, in place of 4-(t-butoxycarbonylamino)butyric acid. Example 11 7-Deacetyl-7-(3-dimethylaminopropionyl)forskolin (compound No. 7) A mixture of 4-dimethylaminopyridine (3.00 g), 3-dimethylaminopropionic acid hydrochloride (3.80 g), and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (7.00 g) is added in 3 parts over 47 hr to a solution (60 ml) of 7-deacetylforskoline (2.00 g) in dichloromethane. This reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature. After completion of the reaction, the solvent is evaporated in vacuo from the product solution. The resulting residue is dissolved in ethyl acetate, and the solution is filtered. The filtrate is concentrated, and the concentrate (6.05 g) is purified by chromatography on silica gel. The elution with dichloromethane-methanol (20:1-10:1) yields 7-deacetyl-7-(3-dimethylaminopropionyl)forskolin (compound No. 7, 1.72 g, 68% yield).

Claims: Claims for the following Contracting States : GB, DE, FR, IT, NL, CH, LI, SE A forskolin derivative represented by the general formula wherein: I. when R¹ is hydrogen and R⁴ is vinyl or ethyl, either of R² and R³ denotes a residue represented by the formula wherein each of R⁵ and R⁶ denotes hydrogen or lower alkyl or R⁵ and R⁶ combine with each other to form a lower alkylene chain which may or may not contain an oxygen or nitrogen atom and m is an integer of 1 to,5, and the other one of R² and R³ denotes hydrogen or a residue represented by the formula CO(CH₂) n X, X being hydrogen or wherein, each of R⁷ and R⁸ denotes hydrogen or lower alkyl or R⁷ and R⁸ combine with each other to form a lower alkylene chain which may or may not contain an oxygen or nitrogen atom, and n being an integer of 1 to 5, with the exception of the compounds wherein: 1. R¹ and R² are hydrogen, R⁴ is vinyl, and R³ is piperidinobutyryl or wherein R⁵ and R⁶ have the meaning given before; or 2. R¹ and R³ are hydrogen, R⁴ is vinyl, and R² is wherein R⁵ and R⁶ have the meaning given before; or II. when R¹ is a residue represented by a formula of wherein, each of R⁹ and R¹⁰ denotes hydrogen or lower alkyl, q is an integer of 2 to 5, R² denotes hydrogen, R³ denotes acetyl, and R⁴ denotes vinyl; and its physiologically acceptable salt. The forskolin derivative according to claim 1, wherein R² in the general formula is H or -CO(CH₂) m -NR⁵R⁶,and its physiologically acceptable salt. The forskolin derivative according to claim 1, where in the general formula R¹ is H, R² is -CO(CH₂) m -NR⁵R⁶,R³ is -CO(CH₂) n X, and R⁴ is -CH=CH₂ or -CH₂CH₃, and its physiologically acceptable salt. The forskolin derivative according to claim 1, where in the general formula R¹ is H, R² is -COCH₂N(CH₃)₂, -CO(CH₂)₂N(CH₃)₂, -CO(CH₂)₃N(CH₃)₂, or -CO(CH₂)₃NH₂, and R³ is -COCH₃, and its physiologically acceptable salt. 6-[3-(Dimethylamino)propionyl]forskolin and its physiologically acceptable salt. 6-[4-(Dimethylamino)butyryl]forskolin and its physiologically acceptable salt. 6-(4-Aminobutyryl)forskolin and its physiologically acceptable salt. A process for producing a novel forskolin derivative represented by the following general formula wherein, R⁴ is vinyl, or ethyl, each of R⁵ and R⁶ is hydrogen or lower alkyl or R⁵ and R⁶ combine with each other to form a lower alkylene chain which optionally contain an oxygen or nitrogen atom, m and n are each an integer of 1 to 5, and X is hydrogen or a residue represented by wherein; each of R⁷ and R⁸ is hydrogen or lower alkyl or R⁷ and R⁸ combine with each other to form a lower alkylene chain which optionally contain an oxygen or nitrogen atom, or a physiologically acceptable salt of the compound, the process comprising reacting a 7-deacetylforskolin derivative which is represented by the following general formula wherein R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and m are defined as above, with a carboxylic acid or its acid halide or acid anhydride, optionally hydrogenating the resulting compound represented by the general formula (VII) wherein R⁴ is vinyl group in the presence of a catalyst to convert the vinyl group to the ethyl group, and optionally reacting the free base of the resulting compound represented by the general formula (VII) with a physiologically acceptable acid to form the corresponding salt. The process according to Claim 8, wherein the carboxylic acid is acetic acid, acid halide is acetyl chloride and acid anhydride is acetic anhydride. The process according to Claim 8 for producing a novel forskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VII), wherein X is hydrogen, m is 2, n is 1, R⁴ is vinyl group, and each R⁵ and R⁶ is methyl group, the process comprising reacting a 7-deacetylforskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VIII), wherein R⁴ is vinyl group, each R⁵ and R⁶ is methyl group and m is 2 with acetic acid, acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride. The process according to Claim 8 for producing a novel forskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VII), wherein X is hydrogen, m is 3, n is 1, R⁴ is vinyl group, and each R⁵ and R⁶ is methyl group, the process comprising reacting a 7-deacetylforskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VIII) wherein R⁴ is vinyl group, each R⁵ and R⁶ is methyl group and m is 3 with acetic acid, acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride. The process according to Claim 8 for producing a novel forskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VII), wherein R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶, X, m and n are as defined in Claim 8, the process comprising reacting a 7-acyl-7-deacetylforskolin derivative represented by the following general formula wherein R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and m are as defined in Claim 8, with a base in a solvent to prepare a 7-deacetylforskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VIII), and reacting the resulting 7-deacetylforskolin derivative with a carboxylic acid or its acid halide or acid anhydride. The process according to Claim 8 for producing a novel forskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VII), wherein R⁴ is ethyl and R⁵, R⁶, X, m and n are as defined in Claim 8, the process comprising hydrogenating a forskolin derivative represented by the general formula wherein R⁵, R⁶, X, m and n are as defined in Claim 8, in the presence of a catalyst. The process according to Claim 8 for producing a physiologically acceptable salt of a novel forskolin derivative, the process comprising reacting the forskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VII) with a physiologically acceptable acid. The process according to Claims 8 to 10, wherein the reaction is carried out in an organic solvent at a temperature of from -20 °C to 200 °C. A process for producing a novel forskolin derivative represented by the following general formula wherein R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, and m are as defined above with the exception that, when R⁴ is vinyl, R⁵ and R⁶ combine with each other to form a lower alkylene chain which contains an oxygen or nitrogen atom or a physiologically acceptable salt of the compound, the process comprising reacting forskolin derivative represented by the following general formula wherein R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, and m are as defined above, with a base in a solvent. Pharmaceutical compositions, containing at least one forskolin derivative of claims 1 to 7. Claims for the following Contracting States : AT, ES A process for producing a novel forskolin derivative represented by the following general formula wherein, R⁴ is vinyl, or ethyl, each of R⁵ and R⁶ is hydrogen or lower alkyl or R⁵ and R⁶ combine with each other to form a lower alkylene chain which optionally contain an oxygen or nitrogen atom, m and n are each an integer of 1 to 5, and X is hydrogen or a residue represented by wherein, each of R⁷ and R⁸ is hydrogen or lower alkyl or R⁷ and R⁸ combine with each other to form a lower alkylene chain which optionally contain an oxygen or nitrogen atom, or a physiologically acceptable salt of the compound, the process comprising reacting a 7-deacetylforskolin derivative which is represented by the following general formula wherein R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and m are defined as above, with a carboxylic acid or its acid halide or acid anhydride, optionally hydrogenating the resulting compound represented by the general formula (VII) wherein R⁴ is vinyl group in the presence of a catalyst to convert the vinyl group to the ethyl group, and optionally reacting the free base of the resulting compound represented by the general formula (VII) with a physiologically acceptable acid to form the corresponding salt. The process according to Claim 1, wherein the carboxylic acid is acetic acid, acid halide is acetyl chloride and acid anhydride is acetic anhydride. The process according to Claim 1 for producing a novel forskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VII), wherein X is hydrogen, m is 2, n is 1, R⁴ is vinyl group, and each R⁵ and R⁶ is methyl group, the process comprising reacting a 7-deacetylforskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VIII), wherein R⁴ is vinyl group, each R⁵ and R⁶ is methyl group and m is 2 with acetic acid, acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride. The process according to Claim 1 for producing a novel forskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VII), wherein X is hydrogen, m is 3, n is 1, R⁴ is vinyl group, and each R⁵ and R⁶ is methyl group, the process comprising reacting a 7-deacetylforskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VIII) wherein R⁴ is vinyl group, each R⁵ and R⁶ is methyl group and m is 3 with acetic acid, acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride. The process according to Claim 1 for producing a novel forskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VII), wherein R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶, X, m and n are as defined in Claim 1, the process comprising reacting a 7-acyl-7-deacetylforskolin derivative represented by the following general formula wherein R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and m are as defined in Claim 1, with a base in a solvent to prepare a 7-deacetylforskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VIII), and reacting the resulting 7-deacetylforskolin derivative with a carboxylic acid or its acid halide or acid anhydride. The process according to Claim 1 for producing a novel forskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VII), wherein R⁴ is ethyl and R⁵, R⁶, X, m and n are as defined in claim 1, the process comprising hydrogenating a forskolin derivative represented by the general formula wherein R⁵, R⁶, X, m and n are as defined in Claim 1 in the presence of a catalyst. The process according to Claim 1 for producing a physiologically acceptable salt of a novel forskolin derivative, the process comprising reacting the forskolin derivative represented by the general formula (VII) with a physiologically acceptable acid. The process according to Claims 1 to 3, wherein the reaction is carried out in an organic solvent at a temperature of from -20 °C to 200 °C. A process for producing a novel forskolin derivative represented by the following general formula wherein R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, and m are as defined above with the exception that, when R⁴ is vinyl, R⁵ and R⁶ combine with each other to form a lower alkylene chain which contains an oxygen or nitrogen atom or a physiologically acceptable salt of the compound, the process comprising reacting forskolin derivative represented by the following general formula wherein R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, and m are as defined above, with a base in a solvent.

Inventors: NARITA, KAZUHISA, SAKURAI, MASAO, SHIOZAWA, AKIRA, TAKAHIRA, TAKASHI, TATEE, TOCHIRO, YAMASHITA, KOUWA
Applicants: NIPPON KAYAKU KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Application year: 1986
Main classification: C07D311
IPC codes: C07D311