DEVICE FOR THE DISENGAGEABLE LOCKING OF THE LAST ROWS OF KNITTED FABRIC IN THE NEEDLE WORKING AREA OF AN AUTOMATIC FLAT KNITTING MACHINE

Abstract: The device consists of equidistant rods 5, located below the needle bed 1 of the machine, perpendicular to the traverse direction of movment R of the carriage 4, with the upper ends bent downwards and in a corresponding number 5a, and directed towards the upper heads of the needle beds 1,2. The rods are controlled by a cam 10 on the carriage 4; raising of the rods causes the latch needles 5 to be inserted between the stitches of the fabric 30 in the last rows of the fabric portion K situated below the working area Z of the needles : in this way a number of the aforementioned latch needles act as stops for the above mentioned row an equal number of rows. Downstream from the working area Z of the needles 20, there is a fabric presser plate 11 which presses the row just formed 30a in a downwards direction and according to a preset pressure.

Description: It is well known that the needle beds of an automatic flat knitting machine consist of equidistant slots perpendicular to the carriage traversing direction. Inserted in each slot there is, proceeding from top to bottom, first a needle (with a heel at the bottom) and a sinker which causes the aforementioned needle to come into operation if selected. The sinker carries out selection by an initial upward movement (performed by selection means mounted on the carriage and acting on the sinker), this is followed by a second upward movement against the heels of the sinker caused by cam interception operate in conjunction with the carriage); other fixed cams, located downstream from the cams previously mentioned have the task of returning the plate to its rest position. Raising the sinker beyond a preset value causes a corresponding traversing of the needle, the heel of which is thus intercepted by related cams which have the function of causing the aforementioned needle to be operated and form the knit stitch or to transfer the stitch to and from another needle bed, or form the stitch known as a carry-over stitch. Ideally, in the operation just described above, the last row of fabric should not be dragged upwards as the result of the upward movement of the needles nor should the row just knitted be pressed downwards as the needles return to the rest position. In the patent application 0S3336781 (Textima), there is an arm, attached the machine carriage, positioned at the same height as the upper heads of the needle beds which is longitudinally parallel to the needle beds so as to operate in the area (understood in the dynamic sense) where the needles are raised, in other words, the said arm is "wedged" below the corresponding section of the needles protruding from the needle bed and is practically in contact with the last row of fabric. A disc, supported by the carriage , and located downstream from the said arm and parallel to the traversing direction of the said carriage, has the task of pressing the last completed row downwards. The solution just quoted above, where it is necessary to position the arm correctly so that it does not come into contact with the needles, is only suitable for use when the traversing direction of the carriage is fixed, i.e. it can only be used where the carriages work in a single direction. For carriages which work in both directions it is necessary to have two arms located on opposite sides of the carriage; one of the said arms is disactivated (raised) for a particular carriage movement direction while the other arm is disactivated when the carriage traverses in the opposite direction. This invention proposes a device which locks the last rows of fabric in the needle working area, and compresses the row of fabric just produced immediately downstream from this area without interfering with any of the needle operations. This invention also proposes a device which can operate in both carriage working directions of an automatic flat knittng machine and at the same time not interfere in any way with the operation and or productivity of the machine. The aforementioned results are obtained by means of a device which temporarily locks the last rows of knitted fabric in the needle working area of an automatic flat knitting machine; the said machine consists of at least one needle bed, complete with carriage, with equidistant slots perpendicular to the carriage traversing direction; inserted in each of these slots there is, proceeding from top to bottom, a needle and a sinker; the sinker, if it has been selected by means of the devices situated on the said carriage will raise a corresponding needle; the said carriage also has means to cause the raised needles to operate and to return to their rest position after operation; the said device is characterised by:a quantity of equidistant rods , located below the needle bed , perpendicular to the carriage traversing direction , axially guided and supported by the machine frame; the upper ends of these rods are bent towards the upper head of the needle bed in the area of the needle bed where the last rows of the fabric being made are present; on the said carriage there are means to control the rods and move them to two extreme positions; in the first position at the upper end of the rod, the portion of last rows of fabric under the working area of the needles are locked; in the second postion the said rod ends are disengaged from the said portion of material; a minimum of two fabric presser plates, mounted on the said carriage, and located above the upper head of the needle bed and parallel to the same are situated on both sides of the needle working area; these plates move vertically and are spring mounted and exert pressure in a downward direction; the fabric presser plate is located downstream from the working area of the needles and has the task of compressing the last row of fabric just knitted according to a preset pressure. The characteristics of this invention that do not emerge from what has been stated above are emphasised hereinafter with specific reference to the attached tables of drawings, in which:: - Fig. 1 shows a cross section of a flat knitting machine on which the device herein described has been mounted; - Fig. 1a shows the construction details of part F in Fig. 1; - Fig. 2 shows the selection cam for the stop rods, in perspective and on a larger scale than in Fig. 1; - Fig. 3a shows a front view of the lower part of the rod guide mechanism; - Fig. 3b shows a view of section I-I in Fig. 3a; - Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b schematically represent the functions performed by the device; - Fig. 4c shows a view of section II-II of Fig. 4b. In the drawings, the numbers 1 and 2 show two needle beds of a flat knitting machine, supported in the usual manner by a frame 3; on the needle beds there is a carriage 4 which is shown only schematically here since it is well known. It is well known that the needle beds have equidistant slots in each of which there is, proceeding from top to bottom, a needle 20 and a sinker 8 (not shown here); the sinker has the function of raising a corresponding needle, by means for this purpose mounted on the carriage (not shown here) to its working position and then returning it to its rest position (according to well known technical principles). Below the needle bed 1 there are a number of equidistant rods perpendicular to the carriage traversing direction R. Each rod is centrally supported and at the same time axially guided by a block 6 fixed to the frame 3; the lower end of the rod is inserted in an groove 7 made in the frame and is prevented from coming out of the groove by wires 8 which are inserted in the transverse grooves 9 above and in contact with the bottom part of each rod. The upper end of each rod is bent downwards; thus forming a latch needle 5a; the bottom end of each rod has a heel 5b; below the latch needle the rod is guided by an groove 18 made in the lower face of the needle bed 1 (Fig. 1b). In the lower part of the carriage there is a cammed groove 10 ; when the carriage traversed 8, the heel 5b of each rod is inserted in this aformentioned groove. The said cam consists of straight sections 10a parallel to the carriage traversing direction R which are then followed in turn by a straight descending section 10b, a lowered straight section 10c parallel to the section 10a (but of a considerably shorter length than this) and then finally a rising section 10d. When the carriage 4 traverses (for example in direction R1), the heel 5b is caught in the "V" guide of the cammed groove 10 formed by the lowered section 10c and the rising section 10d (Fig. 2). With the heel 5b inserted in the straight section 10a, the rod is at the extreme of its raised position S (Fig.s 1, 4a, 4b); the heel is thus forced to run down the descending section 10b and the rod moves downwards to arrive at the extreme of its lowered position when the heel is in the straight section 10c (Fig.s 4a, 4b); the successive rising section 10d of the groove 10 causes the rod to move upwards until it reaches the straight section 10a situated downstream (in relation to the direction R1) of the previous section 10a. The carriage 4 has plates 11 located over the upper heads of the needle beds, the plates being parallel to and symetrical with the needle beds; the plates are attached to the carriage so that they move vertically: spring means 12 force the plates in a downward direction. The total number of plates is greater by one unit than the total number of the aforementioned sinker selection units on the carriage (e.g. two plates, three plates, five plates for one, two and four selection units respectively); two consecutive plates are positioned laterally on each side of the corresponding working area Z of the needles 20. It should be noted that the vertical plane of symmetry of each plate coincides with plane of symmetry of the descending section 10b and the rising section 10d of the cam 10. When the rods are outside the carriage, the rods are in the lowered position A: this is caused by the cam 10 ends formed by the lowered sections 10c. The rods which have their heels inserted in the cam 10, will be in the raised position S if the heels are running along the straight sections 10a of the cam or will be in the lowered position A if the heels are running along the straight lowered sections 10c. The latch needles 5a of the raised rods are inserted into the stitches of the fabric 30 close to the last fabric rows (Fig. 4a) in order to act as stops for the said rows; the section of fabric involved here is the portion K to be found under the needle working area Z: in this way the raising of the needles does not cause the last fabric rows to be drawn upwards, this is an ideal situation when forming knitted stitches with needles. It should be pointed out that the situation just described above is a result of rod stability; when a rod is under strain it is stopped from oscillating by the combined action of the block 6 (within which it runs) and the lower face of the needle bed 1 on which the groove 18 has been cut and within which the rod moves. It is well known that the operation of the needles, downstream from the needle working area Z, forms the new row 30a of fabric 30. Immediately downstream from the area Z, the plate 11 presses the row just formed 30a in a downward direction (Fig. 4c); this compressing action is in no way prevented by the rods 5 since the rod 5 at that moment under the plate (as already described) is in the lowered position A (Fig.s 4a, 4b) which means that it has been disengaged (cast off) from the fabric rows. The springs 12 cause the plate 11 to exercise a set downward pressure and at the same time allow it to move upwards in the presence of an obstacle. The trapezoidal shape of the lower head of each plate has been designed with the aim of preventing interference from the needles downstream, those in the raised phase, and the needles upstream, those in the lowered phase. Thus the device enables disengageable temporary locking of the last rows of fabric 30 positioned below the working area Z of the needles 20 and applies downward pressure on the row 30a which has just been formed. The device, which operates in both carriage operating directions, is shaped so as not to impede needle traversing and is designed to work close to the last fabric rows; the latch needles 5a can act as stops for the last fabric row. There can be any number of rods to hold the rows below the working area Z; the number of rods used depends on the type of fabric to be made. In the example described here, the rods 5 are controlled sequentially by mechanical means; it is obvious though that the rods could also be driven by electro-mechanical means controlled in turn by a pre-set program. It is understood that the description given herein is purely an unlimited example and does not in any way exclude any subsequent variations in construction details which, it is understood all fall within the framework of protection afforded to the invention as claimed hereinafter.

Claims: 1) A device for the disengageable locking of the last rows of knitted fabric in the needle working area of an automatic flat knitting machine, the said machine consisting of at least one needle bed (1) with a carriage (4),the former featuring equidistant slots perpendicular to the carriage traversing direction in which there are inserted, from top to bottom, a needle (20) and a sinker which has the task, if selected by corresponding selection means mounted on the said carriage, of raising a corresponding needle; there are also means on the carriage to cause the operation of the raised needles, and means to return the needles to their rest position following upon their operation; the said device characterised by the fact that it includes: a quantity of equidistant rods (5), located below the needle bed (1), perpendicular to the carriage (4) traversing direction (R), axially guided and supported by the machine frame (3), the upper ends (5a) of which these rods (5) are bent towards the upper head of the needle bed in the area of the needle bed where the last rows of the fabric (30) being made are present; on the said carriage there are means to control the rods and move them to two extreme positions (S, A); in the first position (S) at the upper end (5a) of the rod (5), the portion (K) of last rows of fabric (30) under the working area(Z) of the needles (20) are locked; in the second position (A) the said rod ends (5a) are disengaged from the said portion of material; a minimum of two fabric presser plates (11), mounted on the said carriage, and located above the upper head of the needle bed and parallel to the same are situated on both sides of the needle working area (Z); these plates move vertically and are spring mounted (12) and exert pressure in a downward direction; the fabric presser plate (11) is located downstream from the working area (Z) of the needles (20) and has the task of compressing the last row of fabric (30a) just knitted according to the established pressure. 2) A device according to claim 1, characterised by control means for the said rods, comprising: a heel (5b)formed in the lower part of each rod (5); a cammed groove (10), attached to the cam carriage, so that when the carriage traverses the heel of each rod is inserted into the said groove; the groove consists of, in the following order, a lowered straight section (10c) which corresponds to the second rod position (A), a rising section (10d), a straight section (10a) corresponding to the first rod position (S), and finallly another straight lowered section (10c) which once again corresponds to the second rod position (5); the said lowered sections (10c) being vertically centered with the said fabric pressing plates. 3) A device according to claim 1, characterised by the fact that the upper end of each rod is bent downwards to form a latched needle (5a). 4) A device according to claim 1, characterised by the guide means for the said rods comprising, for each rod, of a block (6) fixed to the machine frame, the central part of each rod moving inside this block, a groove (7) made in the said frame in which the bottom end of the rod is inserted, and another groove (18) made in the lower face of the needle bed in which that part of the rod immediately following on fromthe end of the rod itself (5a). 5) A device according to claim 4, characterised by the fact that the said groove (7) in which the bottom part of the rod is inserted ,is traversed by at least one transverse groove (9) in which there is a wire inserted on top of the rod in order to prevent the rod coming out of the said groove (7). 6) A device according to claim 1, characterised by the fact that the bottom head of each fabric pressing plate (11) has a trapezoidal form.

Inventors: STOPPAZZINI, BENITO
Applicants: E.M.M. EMILIANA MACCHINE MAGLIERIA S.R.L.
Application year: 1986
Main classification: D04B15
IPC codes: D04B15