CUTTING GRINDER PREFERABLY FOR GRINDING ORGANIC MATERIAL SUCH AS DEAD BEASTS

Abstract: The cutters (9) in a cutting grinder have the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped which can be partly inserted into co-operating box-shaped sockets in the surface of the drum (8). The cutters (9) are retained by means of expansion means preferably in the shape of balls (14) which by means of a pin (13) being screwed in through the outer face of the plate (9) are pressed into a groove (7) arranged in the side of the socket. It is thereby possible to replace or to turn the cutters (9) by simply screwing out the pin (13) and so avoid the hard and difficult process of welding the cutters to the drum. It is thus possible to lower maintenance costs of the cutting grinder substantially just as it is possible according to requirements to mount cutters of different shape and number. The cutting grinder thus becomes universal.

Description: CUTTING GRINDER PREFERABLY FOR- GRINDING ORGANIC MATERIAL SUCH AS DEAD BEASTS- The invention relates to a cutting grinder preferably for grinding organic material such as dead beasts, offal and the like and comprising a rotatable drum uhich on its circumference is provided uith a number of protruding cutters spaced at given intervals and uhere there are provided stationary grate fingers extending into the space betueen the cutters. Grinders of this kind are used for grinding and cumminuting dead beasts, animals uhich have been condemned by veterinary inspectors, offal from bacon factories and cattle slaughterhouses consisting of bones and bouels from the slaughtered animals etc. The organic material is placed on top of the rotating drum and parts of the material are carried along by the rotation, and by the passage of the cutters between the grate fingers the material --ill be comminuted and be discharged through the bottom of the rinder. Grin ers of this kind are also used for grinding and comminuting other organic and inorganic materials. The purpose of grinding the organic or inorganic material may for example be to change the particle size of the material uith a vieu to obtaining advantages by the subsequent processing of the material in connection uith the util isation of the components of the material or in connection uith storing. Conventional grinders are provided uith cutters uhich either form an integral part of the drum or are secured to drum or shaft by ueiding or are secured by bolts to the drum or form part of a drum segment 5 uhich is secured to a shaft by tongue and groove or form part of a drum segment having a polygonal hole and uhich is secured to a co-operating polygonal shaft. 1Q In operation one or more cutters may break just as the cutters uill become uorn after some time depending on the type of material and the load. Uhen such cutters are to be replaced, the old cutter 15 uill have to be removed and a replacement cutter ' mounted or uelded. Removal of the old cutters requires a considerable uork performance in that the parts are usual ly deformed and damaged by usar and impacts. Also the mounting of replacement cutters 20 usuall req ires a con i erable uork performance uith -egard to adaptation and strict observation of toleran s in ;cnn ction uith the acin of the cutters on the drum or shaft. 25 In cases uhere the securing of cutters takes place by ueiding, there is moreover a risk of crack formation around the ueld arising from socalled hydrogen cracks and/or thermal strains in the cutters and/or the parent material uith the resulting risk of breaks 30 uhen the cutter is loaded in operation. It is the object of the invention to remedy these difficulties in repairing the knoun cutting grinders and this is achieved uhen the cutters have the shape BAD ORIGINAL of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped uhich can be partly inserted into co-operating box-shaped sockets in the drum and uhere each cutter is provided uith expansion means for jamming against the sides of the socket. A drum of this kind uith cutters of rectangular steel plate and uith expansion means built into the cutter uill permit considerably simpler and easier repair since the removal of the cutter from the drum by relieving the expansion can be effected uithout ueiding. The expansion may be relieved by simple means and a cutter may be released from the drum and a neu one inserted in a similar manner. Since the cutters have been inserted into a socket abutting closely on the four sides and bottom of the cutter, al l stresses of the cutter are transmitted to the surrounding drum material so that the expansion means uill just have to ensure that the cutter does not fall out uhen in operation. Relatively little retaining pouer is required for this purpose and therefore the expansion means may be designed simple and small . At the same time operation of these means becomes easier since they are not exposed to any heavy loads. Finally, if uorn dαun, a cutter uhich is symmetrical about its centre line may easily be removed and turned ISO 0 thus producing a neu cutter edge. In this manner a cutter may last tuice as long in that it may be turned. Finally, the present structure opens up the possibility of mounting cutters having different shapes, the only requirement being that the portion in the socket is of the same dimension and that the cutter is provided uith the required expansion means. It is thereby possible to build up a grinder for specific purposes by merely replacing the cutters. By letting paul s extend from the opposite sides of the cutter and engage uith corresponding hollous in the sides of the socket as disclosed in claim 2, a cutter may be easily mounted and released from the drum. By letting the auls have the shape of balls for engagement in a groove in the sides of the socket as disclosed in claim 3, the expansion may easily be performed by pressing out the balls. By screuing in the pin from outside as disclosed in claim 4, the balls may be expanded and released by controlling the pin from the outside of the cutter. The invention uill be further described in the follouing uith reference to the drauing uherein Fig. 1 shous a top vieu of a cutting drum mounted in the grinder, Fig. 2 shous a sectional vieu of the grinder seen in the direction II-II in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shous a partial vieu of the drum uith a cutter mounted thereon at a larger scale seen in the direction III-III in Fig. 2. On the drauing there is shoun an example of a preferred embodiment of a cutting grinder according to the invention. In Fig. 1 shαuing a top vieu of the grinder, the shaft 5 is seen uhich rotates the drum in the grinder housing by means of a not shoun motor. Fig. 2 shous a sectional vieu of the grinder housing comprising lateral ualls 1 forming the feed opening 4 at the top and having oblique bottom ualls 2 forming the discharge 3 at the bottom. On both lateral ualls 1 there is inuardly mounted a longitudinally extending grate 15 uith grate fingers 16 extending inuardly touards the drum. - " As shoun in Figs. 2 and 3, the drum is built up by units consisting of annular intermediate disks 6 uelded to the shaft 5. In both sides of the disks 6 there is turned a groove 7 extending someuhat uithin the disk and having the cross-section shoun in Fig. In the space betueen these disks 6 there is mounted a cutter retaining plate 8 provided uith sockets. There are six sockets in the shoun example and they are evenly spaced in each retaining plate as shoun in Fig. 2. The retaining plates δ are mounted betueen the disks 6 and uelded to same. Uhen mounting the drum a plate 8 is uelded to a disk 6 and the parts uelded together are slid onto the shaft 5 and uelded to same. The process is continued until the drum has been compl eted The cutters 9 proper are shoun laterally in Fig. 2 and sectionally in Fig. 3. They consist of a rectangular steel plate uhich is partly provided uith a transverse bore about its centre and partly uith a threaded bore 11 extending perpendicularly to the bore, the threaded bore 11 being uidened at the top for forming a countersink 10. As uill clearly appear from Fig. 3, there are arranged tuα balls 14 in the bore in that the balls may roll someuhat out into the groove 7 arranged in the intermediate disk 6. This uill be the case uhen a pin 13 arranged on a hexagon socket head bolt 12 is screued into the thread 11. Thus the bolt head is completely sunk in the bore 10 in the cutter. In this ' manner it is possible to create a completely concealed expansion of the balls 14 in the grooves 7 and thus a completely protected locking of the cutters 9 in the sockets. Uhen a cutter is to be mounted, turned or replaced, the bolt 12 is turned by means of an Allen key uhich is possible uithαut dismounting the drum. Uhen the bolt has been screued so far out that the pin 13 is out of the passage for the balls 14, the cutter 9 may be draun out of or inserted into the socket since the balls uill be pressed into the passage and thus be disengaged from the grooves 7. Uhen the cutter is home uithin the socket, the bolt 12 can again be screued in and the pin uill press out the balls for expansion and engagement uith the groove 7. Since such operation does not require any other equipment than the tools necessary for turning the bolt, this operation may take place easily and quickly uhich is of great importance to the continuous operation of the grinder. Above there is shoun and described an expansion of ball units but it is uithin the scope of the invention to use other forms of units or blocks uhich can be pressed out for engagement uith hollous or grooves arranged in the side of the sockets.

Claims: P A T E N T C L A I M S 5 1. Cutting grinder preferably for grinding organic material such as dead beasts, offal and the l ike and comprising a rotatable drum uhich on its circumference is provided uith a number of protruding cutters spaced at given intervals and uhere there are 10. provided stationary grate fingers extending into the space betueen the cutters, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that the cutters (9) have the shape of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped uhich can be partly inserted into co-operating box-shaped sockets 15: in the drum ( 8) and uhere each cutter (9) is provided' uith expansion means ( 13,14) for jamming against the sides of the aocket. 2. Cutting grinder according to claim 1, c h a r a c 20 t e r i s e i n that the expansion means comprise Paul a (14) projecting la erally of the cutters .9"' an t at the sides of he socket are ro i d uith hollαus (7 ) tα receive the Pauls (14 ' ) uhen same are i their expanded position (Fig. 3 ) . 25 3. Cutting grinder according to claim 2. c h a r a c ¬ e r i s e d i n that the Pauls (14) are substantially ball-shaped and that the hollous have the shape of grooves ( 7) uherein the balls (14) may 30-' be partly pressed in. 4. Cutting grinder according to claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that the balls (14) are separated by means of a pin (13) uhich is screued in from BAD ORIGINAL outside through a threaded bore (10,11) extending from the outer face of the cutter (9) and into the space betueen the balls (14).

Inventors: JENSEN ERIK EVALD EGHOLM, JENSEN, ERIK, EVALD, EGHOLM
Applicants: SVAERTEK AS, A/S SVAERTEK
Application year: 1986
Main classification: B02C13
IPC codes: B02C18