MIXING METHOD OF REACTION RAW-MATERIAL AND ITS APPARATUS

Abstract: In the invention, reaction raw-materials composed of a plurality of liquids are sequentially scraped with spiral grooves (7) of one line or more provided in the peri­ pheral face of the rotation shaft (1) rotating within the cylinder wall with the discharge openings being formed therein. The reaction raw-materials (A,B) are uniformly mixed within the grooves (7) by shearing force or twist force through the rotation of the shaft (1). The reaction raw-material (A,B), if in small amount, may be precisely mixed uniformly and is sequentially discharged after the mixing operation. This is suitable for reaction raw-materials which are short in the gelatin condition time from the mixing until the hardening.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a mixing method of reaction materials and a mixing apparatus for using it. Especially, they may be used in a dispenser for two-liquid mixture type bonding agent, apparatuses of vacuum-injection type, reactivity injection molding or the like. In the production line of the appliance using the two-liquid mixture type bonding agent including, for example, the ambient temperature hardening type expoxide resin and its hardening agent, the operator mixed, in the batch processing, the epoxide resin and its hardening agent through the manual handling. He scooped a small amount of mixture with the tip of a narrow piece for application use such as needle or toothpick and applied it on a given location for bonding operation. However, after the two-liquid mixture, the harden­ ing reaction of the epoxide resin was advanced by the open ring of the epoxide group and the reaction with the func­ tional group of the hardening agent with the hydroxyl group. It became difficult to scoop the mixture to apply it, so that most of the mixture was discarded. Also, the automatic dispenser adapted the two-liquid mixing method represented by the static division mixture using the split plate or the split blade. However, the static mixer using the conventional static division mixing method required some extent of liquid amount for mixing operation, so that it was unsuitable to precisely mix, discharge the micro-amount. Also, the gelatin condition before the hardening operation was unsuitable for the mixture supply of materials of minute order or less. Further, even in the mixture of the material which was capable of maintaining the gelatin condition for several tens of minutes, the washing operation was required to remove the mixture attached on the mixer, the split blades or the like. Also, an apparatus which introduces raw materials into a given container, and compulsorily stirs the raw materials by variously shaped blade type forced stirring apparatus, an apparatus which causes the raw materials to collide against each other under the high pressure within the given narrow container to mix them, or the like is used as the mixing apparatus. However, the mixing apparatus using the blade type of forced stirring apparatus has more material loss, because the remaining amount of the mixture liquid is large because of more void. Also, the washing operation is required with gas or washing liquid, a large amount of washing gas or washing liquid are required for sufficient washing operation. Furthermore, the remaining washing liquid deteriorates the matter property after the hardening of the raw materials mixed thereafter, thus causing problems of production cost, production stability. Also, the collision mixing apparatus is suitable for the mixing of the liquid of low viscosity, but is not suitable for sufficient mixing of the raw materials, of high vis­ cosity, mixed with bulking agent, is not suitable for correct mixing of small amount of raw materials without embracing air bubbles, furthermore requires a high-pressure producing source such as hydraulic or the like. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an essential object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, to precisely perform the mixing ratio, the dispersion for sufficient mixing of reaction materials, of high viscosity, which is capable of mixing especially if small in amount, includes bulking agent. Another important object of the present invention is to provide a mixing method suitable for mixing the reaction materials of several-minute order in a gelatin condition. A further object of the present invention is to provide a mixing apparatus which will do even if the dis­ carded raw materials are smaller in amount in the mixing and the use amount of the washing liquid after the mixing is smaller. The present invention is a mixing method of reaction materials composed of a plurality of liquid. The mixing methods of the reaction raw materials comprising the steps of relatively rotating the rotating shaft having spiral grooves of one line or more and a plurality of raw-material discharge openings formed around the rotary shaft, of scratching, introducing into the grooves of the rotary shaft the raw materials alternately from the plural­ ity of discharge openings, of mixing the reaction raw-­ materials of the plurality of liquid. Further, to ensure the mixing operation, this method comprises the steps of releasing into the mixing space the raw materials of a plurality of liquid scratched into the grooves and stirring them, mixing the reaction materials of a plurality of liquid. Further, it is preferable to retain, control the temperature of the mixing portion into the temperature for extending the gelatin condition time of the reaction raw-­ material for the mixing operation. Also, an apparatus for embodying the mixing method is provided with a rotary shaft having grooves of one line or more on the outer peripheral face, a cylinder having the shaft through longitudinally, a pressure transfer means for sending the reaction raw-materials into the grooves of the outer peripheral face of the rotary shaft within the cylin­ der from a plurality of raw-material tanks, a driving means for rotating the rotary shaft. The rotation shaft is axially movable, the rotation shaft is adapted to assume the condition where it is exposed externally of the cylinder. Thus, the mixing head may be provided which does not require the washing liquid with the precise mixing and after the mixing, and may be wiped externally. Also, in addition to the above construction, a temperature control means is provided which is capable of pressure-transferring the reaction materials and of temperature-adjusting the required portions of the mixing route. By the use of the above-described means, one type of raw material is discharged, fed while the raw-material discharge opening conforms with the groove of the rotation shaft through the rotation of the rotation shaft, another type of raw material is in the next discharge opening discharged fed into the groove. When the revolution number of the shaft is rotated at the high speed of about 100 through 3200 rpm by the repetition of it, the raw material is fed, filled into fine layers and is mixed. Thus, the precise mixing may be performed by the shearing force between the grooves of the shaft and the cylinder wall face. Furthermore, a plurality of liquid raw materials within the grooves are released into the mixing space for stirring operation so that they are mixed more sufficiently. When the number of revolutions is fast, the raw materials to be mixed are two liquids or more, the strong shearing forces work between the shaft grooves and the cylinder wall face, so that the sufficient mixing is performed even without the stirring in the raw-material releasing condition for further reaction. Also, if the rotation shaft is moved after the continuous injection of the given mixture and the rotation shaft is projected, released externally of the cylinder, the raw materials remaining in the grooves may be wiped out, thus allowing the mixing apparatus to be easily washed, which was conventionally difficult to perform. As described hereinabove, according to the present invention, the new reaction raw-materials are normally fed into the grooves without the air bubbles beings embraced in the mixture when the mixture is continuously discharged, the mixture may be stably fed more than five times the gelatin condition time to achieve the washing operation of the grooves. Also, in the present apparatus, the mixture portion is controlled in temperature with respect to the reaction raw-materials into the temperature of about several hours or more in the gelatin condition time, so that it may be continuously used during the eight hour labor. Also, another invention of the present application is to provide a mixed head suitable for the mixing of the reaction raw-materials which has only several tens of gelatin condition time, and are fast in the hardening speed. Thus, the washing method is to improve the sufficient mixing method. Namely, in the mixing apparatus wherein the rota­ tion shaft having grooves of one line or more, a plurality of raw-material discharge openings formed around the rotary shaft are relatively rotated to feed, mix into the grooves the raw materials of two types or more from the raw-material discharge openings, the washing openings for feeding the washing fluid are provided in the position deviated in the axial direction of the rotation shaft with respect to the raw-material discharge openings, means for moving the rotation shaft in the axial direction so that the grooves of the rotation shaft conform with the raw-material discharge openings during the raw-material discharge operation, the portions of the rotation shaft wherein the grooves are not provided conform with the raw-material discharge openings, and the grooves conform with the washing openings. In this case, the mixture flows into the grooves into the rotary shaft, the washing fluid flows into the same locations, so that the washing operation may be completely performed for a short time in second unit. Also, during the washing opera­ tion, the raw-material discharge openings are blocked in the portions, without grooves, of the shaft, the washing liquid and the washing gas do not reach onto the side of the raw-materials within the tank, also the small remaining capacity of the washing liquid will do. Thus, if the remaining liquid is discarded after the completion of the washing operation, the stable reaction may be retained. It is convenient to rotate the rotation shaft for the intro­ duction passage into the grooves of the washing liquid and the discording of the remaining liquid. Thus, during the washing operation, the rotation shaft moves into the direc­ tion of the injection opening, the discharge openings of the raw materials come into contact against the portion of the rotation shaft where no grooves are provided. The washing fluid from the washing discharge openings is quickly dis­ charged from the injection opening without the flowing onto the side of the raw-material discharge opening. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS These and other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the preferred embodi­ ments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figs. 1A and 1B show a sectional view of the nozzle portion of a mixing apparatus in one embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a partial view of the rotation shaft showing the mixing method of the present invention; Fig. 3 is a side sectional view of a handy-type dispenser where the mixing method of the present invention has been used in the practical application for the dispenser of room-temperature hardening type expoxide bonding agent use; Fig. 4 is the perspective construction view where the present invention has been applied to the reactive injection molding machine for urethane, nylon, polyester amide or the like; Figs. 5A and 5B show the sectional view of the mixing head of a grooved rotation shaft system in the other embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 6 is a view for illustrating the portion of the rotation shaft; Fig. 7 is a plan view of the mixing head of Fig. 5; and Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the flow of the nylon reactive injection-molding machine using the mixing head of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring now to the drawings, there is shown in Fig. 1 a mixing nozzle portion embodying the mixing method. More particularly, it is composed of a rotation shaft 1 (actually, a drill for working use is used) having grooves in it, a nozzle main body 2 having a cylinder 2a, through which the rotation shaft longitudinally extends, feed routes 3 and 5 for feeding the reaction raw-materials A and B (Aralditrapid main agent, hardening agent manufactured by Ciba Geigy Co., Ltd.) to the grooves 7 in the outer peri­ phery of the rotation shaft 1 within the nozzle main-body 2, discharge openings 4 and 6 in contact against the outer peripheral face of the rotation shaft 1. The tip end of the rotation shaft in the more preferable shape is made narrower than the shaft so that the tip end 8 of small diameter for complete mixing use, and the mixing space 9 made thereby are provided. Furthermore, a stirring blade 8a is provided, if necessary, as shown in the imaginary line around the tip end portion 8 of small diameter. In the concrete mixing method of the reaction raw-materials, the raw materials A and B which are fed under pressure into the raw-material discharge openings 4 and 6 as shown are waited for. The raw material A is fed into the grooves, only for a time during which the groove 7 conforms to the discharge opening 4, by the rotation of the rotation shaft. Similarly, the raw material B is fed into the groove in the next discharge opening 5 so that the scraping portion 10 of the raw material A and the scraping portion 11 of the raw material B are scraped into the groove 7 in the prag shape and the layer shape and are filled as shown in Fig. 2. While this operation is repeated, the raw materials are sufficiently mixed, receiving the shearing force through the viscous resistance between the cylinder and the raw materi­ als within the groove. The raw materials reach the tip end portion of the rotary shaft 1, are released into the mixing space 9, and are precisely mixed by the stirring operation. The unit amount of the scraping portions 10 and 11 are provided in micro-amount in terms or rotation-shaft thick­ ness, revolution number per unit time, groove depth, raw-­ material viscosity, pressure to be applied upon the raw materials to allow the precise mixing operation in micro-­ amount to be performed. Also, the sufficient mixing operation may be achieved, without releasing stirring operation through the faster rotation of the rotation shaft, more increased shearing force to be caused between the shaft and the cylinder peripheral wall. Further, the timing adjustment of the pressure feeding is added to control the total mixture discharging amount from the nozzle main body 2. Also, in the construction of the present embodi­ ment, the rotation shaft 1 may be easily exposed externally of the cylinder 2a by the movement, as shown in Fig. 1B, of the rotation shaft 1 in the condition of Fig. 1A in the axial direction, so that the washing operation may be easily performed by the wiping operation of the grooves 7. Also, a semiconductor thermo-module is disposed in the mixing portion, the portion is cooled to 5°C or lower so that the gelatin condition time to the hardening may be extended from three minutes to about two hours. The continuous injection may be performed in the mixing apparatus by the rotation shaft composed of the drill through the above-described construction, the mixing discharging of the room-temperature hardening type expoxide bonding agent which does not have about three minutes or five minutes gelatin condition time may be continuously performed in a method of externally releasing the drill, after the given continuous injection, to wipe out the remaining raw materials from the groove. Fig. 3 shows one embodiment wherein the present invention has been applied to the two-liquid type epoxide bonding agent (Aralditrapid), which is a handy type of two-liquid mixing dispenser. Plastics-made injector cylinders 12 and 12' for medical use with the raw materials A and B filled therein are connected with the rearward upper portion of the nozzle main-body 2 through which the rotation shaft 1 longitudinally extends. A spring-type pressure jig 14 for pushing the pistons 13 and 13' is interposed between the cylinders 12 and 12'. A valve 16 for stopping the reaction raw-material feed during the nozzle-portion washing operation is provided in the feed routes 15 and 15' of the reaction liquid with respect to the nozzle main-body 2 from each cylinder 12 and 12'. Numerals 17 and 17' are the reaction raw-material discharge openings which come into contact against one portion of the outer peripheral face of the rotation shaft 1 of each feed route 15 and 15'. The rotation shaft 1 is coupled by a coupling portion 19 to the DC motor 18 disposed behind it. A switch 21 which starts and stops the motor rotation, together with a trigger 20 for the rotation shaft projection use operation the switch with fingers in the pistol style, is provided in the dispenser main-body 22 portion grasped by the hand. A semiconductor cooling unit 23 composed of the thermo-module is provided on the nozzle main-body 2 portion as one example wherein a method of mixing two-liquid reaction raw materials using the delay of the reaction is realized by the cooling operation. By such construction as described hereinabove, the two-liquid mixing type epoxide bonding agent of the room-­ temperature hardening type, which was conventionally difficult to be used may be continuously used under the intermittent operation for eight hours or more, using such characteristics in a plurality of liquid mixing as shown in the embodiment. Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the construction in one embodiment for application, into the reactive injection molding which uses a nylon/anion polymerization material having only twenty-second gelatin condition time, of the mixing method of the present invention. Piping 28, 30, 32 and 29, 31, 33 for circulating each raw-material A and B are respectively connected with tanks 24, 25 for preserving two kinds of reaction raw materials A and B in molten condition. The respective pipings respectively have pressure feed pumps 26, 27, three-way valves 34, 35 for controlling the circula­ tion and the discharging provided halfway, are connected in three-wave valves 34, 35 to a mixing nozzle 36 similar in the embodiment with feed routes 39, 40. A motor and cylin­ der valve 37 which rotates the rotating shaft (not shown) and/or moves it longitudinally with respect to the nozzle main body, an oil cell, a hot blast cell and a double piping portion 38 which respectively adjust the temperatures to 80°C through 100°C in the case of the nylon reaction molding material, to 120°C through 150°C in the case of polyester­ amide are provided. Thus, a plurality of liquid mixing as shown in the embodiment is performed in the reactive injection molding process. Then, the second embodiment of the present inven­ tion will be described hereinafter. The washing operation of the rotation shaft is performed through the manual wiping in the first embodiment. However, in the present embodi­ ment, the washing form where the automatic mixing of the reaction materials may be performed so that the time required from the mixing to the hardening may become shorter. The second embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 5 through Fig. 8. Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing the mixing head of a grooved rotation shaft system having the groove of one line or more in periphery in accordance with the present invention. The mixing head of the grooved rotation shaft system is provided with a head main-body 101, a rotation shaft 102 having a drill groove 103 in the peripheral face. A piping connection opening 104 for primary agent A1, a liquid leakage preventing packing 109, a discharge opening 106 for primary agent A1, a connec­ tion opening 105 for the hardening agent B1, a packing 110, a discharge opening 107 for the hardening agent B1, an N₂ gas discharge opening C1 for washing operation and a dis­ charge opening for washing agent (ε-caprolactam) D1, a ring-shaped washing groove 112 so that the groove 103 of the rotation shaft 102 may be washed with the rotation shaft 102 being kept stopped are disposed. Blind plugs 113, 114 for maintenance use are provided in the pipings of the primary agent A1 and the hardening agent B1. It is to be noted that the blind plugs 113, 114 may be improved stop valves. Fig. 5A shows the condition during the washing operation of the groove 103, where the raw-material dis­ charge openings 106, 107 are blocked in the grooveless portion of the rotation shaft 102. During the mixing injection, the rotation shaft 102 is moved in the direction of an arrow P, the groove 103 shown in Fig. 5B is caused to conform in position to the discharge openings 106, 107. Then, the primary agent A1 and the hardening agent B1 are sequentially scraped into the groove 103 as shown in Fig. 6 by the high-speed rotation, is mixed into layer condition and is injected from the injection opening 115. It is to be noted that the mounting face 108 of the head main-body 101 is mounted on the supper unit through the bolt clamping by the use of the bolt hole 111. Also, it is preferable to wash only the groove 103 of the shaft 102 in the condition of Fig. 5A in the washing operation. The positive washing may be performed with a small amount of washing fluid. Fig. 7 shows a plan view of Fig. 5. The arrange­ ments of the respective piping connection openings of the primary agent A1, the hardening agent B1, the washing gas C1 and the washing liquid D1 are shown. Fig. 8 shows the schematic view of the construc­ tion of the nylon reactive injection molding machine 128 using the mixing head. The primary agent A1 from the raw-material tanks 116, 117 of the primary agent A1, the hardening agent B1 is circulating through the piping 120, the gear pump 122, the piping 124, the three-way valve 126 and the piping 118. The hardening agent B1 is circulating through the piping 121, the gear pumping 123, the piping 125, the three-way valve 127 and the piping 119. During the injecting operation, the three-way valves 126, 127 are operated to flow the raw-materials into the piping connected to the piping connection openings 104, 105 of A, B. The motor driving portion 129 is operated simultaneously with the operation of the three-way valve to upwardly move the rotation shaft 102 for the simultaneous start of the rota­ tion. At this time point, the washing route is closed. After the discharging operation of a given amount of raw materials, the three-way valves 26, 27 are operated in the circulation direction, the rotation shaft 102 is simultane­ ously moved downwardly as shown in Fig. 5A. The discharge openings 106, 107 are closed, simultaneously the washing liquid D1 is discharged in a small amount, thereafter the washing N₂ gas C1 is discharged to complete the washing operation of the groove 103. The injection is performed in such a cycle as described hereinabove. It is to be noted that when the shaft is not rotated during the washing operation, the washing opening is preferable to be formed in the condition where it exists as a ring-shaped groove on the periphery of the rotation shaft. In this case the groove may be washed in a condition where the rotation shaft stops. Also, the washing opening may be provided in one portion on the periphery of the rotation shaft, in this case the washing operation may be effected by the relative rotation of the rotation shaft. The grooves of a plurality of lines are preferable to be provided. Also, the rotation shaft or nozzle of the mixing head is preferable to be processed in abrasion resistance such as baking coating nitride process of fluorine resin group. According to the present invention, the effect of precisely mixing, even a little amount, a comparatively small amount of a plurality of reaction materials, which are short in the gelatin condition time from the mixing to the hardening, by the alternate scraping through the groove of the rotation shaft may be provided so that the mixing precision is much better than in the manual mixing, they are not left as they are after the mixing operation, the bonding property is kept high, the bonding agent to be discarded is less. This is the handy type where the amount from a small amount to some amount may be controlled by the number of rotation and the feed transfer force by the adjustment of the groove depth or the diameter of the rotation shaft. Thus, this invention may be applied from the dispenser for bonding use to the reactive injection molding machine, thus resulting in large industrial value. Also, the mixing may be further promoted through the stirring operation by the releasing of a plurality of raw materials, scraped alter­ nately with grooves, into the same portion of the nozzle tip end. In the apparatus provided with temperature control means in the raw-material feed transfer or the given route of the mixing, the mixing operation in accordance with the condition of the use, the non-use of each type of mixture may be performed, the reaction speed may be controlled to make the gelatin condition time longer in practical use. Also, according to the present invention, the mixing head capable of performing the automatic washing operation in the case of the mixing of the reaction raw materials short in the gelatin condition time from the mixing to the hardening. Also, the residual washing liquid is reduced for washing the groove of the shaft, furthermore the raw-material discharge opening the washing liquid discharge opening are blocked in the no-groove of the shaft for independence, thus making it possible to have the automatic washing operation. The head is capable of raw-­ material mixing stable in hardening reaction property to reduce the use amount of the washing liquid. Although the present invention has been fully described by way of example with reference to the accom­ panying drawings, it is to be noted here that various changes and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, unless otherwise such changes and modifications depart from the scope of the present inven­ tion, they should be construed as being included therein.

Claims: 1. A method of mixing reaction materials, a method of mixing the reaction materials made of a plurality of liquids, comprising the steps of relatively rotating the rotation shaft having spiral grooves of one line or more in the peripheral face, sequentially scraping the reaction materials to be fed from the plurality of discharge openings formed in the cylinder wall on the periphery of the rotation shaft into the grooves of said rotation shaft, mixing the reaction raw-materials of a plurality of liquid within said grooves. 2. A method of mixing reaction materials, a method of mixing reaction materials made of a plurality of liquids, comprising the steps of relatively rotating the rotation shaft having spiral grooves of one line or more in the peripheral face, sequentially scraping the reaction raw materials from the plurality of discharge openings formed in the cylinder wall on the periphery of the rotation shaft into the grooves, releasing the materials into the mixing space of the shaft tip end, mixing them to mix the reaction raw-materials composed of a plurality of liquids. 3. An apparatus for mixing reaction materials compris­ ing a mixing nozzle having a cylinder through which the rotation shaft having grooves of one line or more in the peripheral face longitudinally extends, a pressure transfer means for feeding in pressure the reaction raw-materials to one portion of the outer peripheral face of the rotation shaft within the mixing nozzle from a plurality of raw-­ material tanks, a driving means for rotating the rotation shaft , said rotation shaft being capable of moving in its axial direction, being adapted to assume a condition exposed externally of the cylinder. 4. An apparatus for mixing reaction materials in accordance with Claim 3, wherein the driving means of the rotation shaft may control the number of the rotation per unit of time. 5. An apparatus for mixing reaction materials compris­ ing a cylinder through which the rotary shaft having grooves of one line or more in the peripheral face extends longitu­ dinally, a pressure feed means for feeding in pressure the reaction raw-materials to the groove in the external peri­ pheral face of the rotation shaft within said cylinder from the plurality of raw-material tanks, a driving means for rotating the rotation shaft, a temperature controlling means for adjusting in temperature the required portion of the route of the pressure feed and the mixing of the raw materi­ als, said rotation shaft being capable of moving in its axial direction, being adapted to assume a condition exposed externally of the cylinder. 6. An apparatus for mixing reaction materials in accordance with Claim 5, wherein the driving means of the rotation shaft is adapted to control the number of the rotation per unit of time of the rotation shaft. 7. An apparatus for mixing reaction materials in accordance with Claim 5, wherein the pressure feed means has a timer function of adjusting the raw pressure-feeding timing. 8. An apparatus for mixing reaction materials in accordance with Claim 5, wherein the temperature controlling means controls in temperature the mixing nozzle portion through which the rotation shaft longitudinally extends. 9. An apparatus for mixing reaction materials, wherein the rotation shaft having the grooves of one line or more in peripheral face and a plurality of raw-material discharge openings formed in the head main-body in the periphery of the rotation shaft are adapted to relatively rotate, a washing opening for feeding the washing fluid to said grooves provided in the position separated in the axial direction of the rotation shaft is provided with respect to said raw-material discharge opening, a means for moving the rotation shaft in the axial direction is provided so that the grooves of the rotation shaft may conform to the raw-­ material discharge openings during the raw-material dis­ charge operation, the no-groove portion of the rotation shaft may conform to the raw-material discharge opening and the groove portion may conform to the washing opening at the time point of the completion of the mixing discharge opera­ tion.

Inventors: INOUE, TAKAO
Applicants: MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.
Application year: 1986
Main classification: B01F3
IPC codes: B29B7