SEMICARBAZONES AND THIOSEMICARBAZONES

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compounds of formula (A) wherein R² is the group -C(=NR¹⁰)-SR⁹ or -C(=X)-NHR¹⁰, and R, R³, R⁴, R⁹ and R¹⁰ are as stated in the specification, the synthesis thereof, the use of said compounds for the control of weeds and compositions for weed control comprising such compounds.

Description: The invention relates to novel substituted semicarbazones, thiosemicarbazones and isothiosemicarbazones, the synthesis thereof, the use of said compounds for the control of weeds, and compositions for weed control comprising such compounds. EPA 0 034 010 discloses 2-formylbenzoic acid thiosemicarbazones and the use of such compounds as plant growth regulants. US Patent 3,753,680 discloses phenyl-CR=NR₁-C(Z)-NR₂R₃ compounds, which may be substituted in the phenyl ring and wherein R is H or lower alkyl, that have herbicidal activity. The compounds of the present invention are represented by the following formula (A): wherein R is phenyl or naphthyl, or is a heteroaromatic ring selected from a) pyridyl which may be fused by its [b] or [c]-side with a benzene ring, b) 2-pyridyl-N-oxide or 2-pyrazinyl-N¹-oxide, c) pyrimidinyl, d) pyrazinyl, e) 3- or 4-cinnolinyl or 2-quinoxalinyl and f) a five-membered heteroaromatic ring bound by one of its ring C-atoms to the CR³-group selected from thienyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl or pyrazolyl; whereby said five-membered heteroaromatic ring may be fused by its [b]-side with a benzene ring; which group R is ortho-substituted by the group R′ and additionally bears one further substituent Y, both R′ and Y being attached to a ring carbon atom; R′ is the carboxy group in free form, salt form or ester form or is the group CO-SR⁶ or CO-NR⁷R⁸, Y is H, C₁₋₈alkyl, C₁₋₈haloalkyl, C₁₋₈alkoxy, C₁₋₈haloalkoxy, C₂₋₈alkenyloxy, C₂₋₈haloalkenyloxy, C₂₋₈alkynyloxy, phenyl, phenoxy, C₁₋₈alkylthio, OH, halogen, nitro or cyano; R² is the group _C(=NR¹⁰)-SR⁹ or _C(=X)-NHR¹⁰, each of R³, R⁴, R⁷ and R⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₈alkyl; each of R⁶ and R⁹ is independently C₁₋₈alkyl, R¹⁰ is one of the groups each of W, W′ and W″ is independently N or CH Q₁ is oxygen, sulfur or NH X is oxygen or sulfur each of Z, Z¹ and Z² is independently one of the significances specified for _ but independent of _ Y, with the proviso that when R is phenyl mono-substituted in ortho by the carboxy group in free form or in salt form or by C₁₋₄alkoxy-carbonyl, then R³ is C₁₋₈alkyl. Where R′ is the carboxyl group in salt form, its cation is, for example, the cation of an alkali metal (e.g. the Li or Na cation) or of an earth alkali metal; the ammonium cation; a substituted ammonium cation (such as a C₁₋₅alkylammonium cation, a di-C₁₋₅alkylammonium cation, a tri-C₁₋₅alkylammonium cation, a tetra-C₁₋₅alkylammonium cation, a (C₁₋₅alkoxy-alkyl)ammonium cation, a (hydroxy-C₁₋₅alkoxy-C₁₋₅alkyl)ammonium cation, a (hydroxyC₁₋₅alkyl)ammonium cation); a phosphonium cation; a tri(C₁₋₈alkyl)sulfonium cation or a tri(C₁₋₈alkyl)sulfoxonium cation. Where R′ is a carboxyl ester group (hereinafter COOR⁵), then R⁵ is for example C₁₋₈alkyl, C₁₋₈haloalkyl, C₂₋₁₀alkoxyalkyl, or CH(R¹¹)O-C(=X′)-R¹², wherein X′ is O or S, and R¹¹ and R¹² are, independently, H or C₁₋₈alkyl. Where any of R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², Y, Z, Z¹, Z² or the cation of the carboxyl group R′ is or comprises C₁₋₈alkyl, such alkyl group or moiety comprises preferably C₁₋₅, more preferably C₁₋₄ e.g. 1 or 2 carbon atoms. R¹² is preferably C₁₋₈alkyl. The terms C₂₋₈alkenyl-O and C₂₋₈alkynyl-O when used herein refer to C₂₋₈hydrocarbyloxy groups having 1 or 2, preferably 1, ethylenic bonds or 1 or 2, preferably 1, acetylenic bonds resp. The terms C₁₋₈haloalkyl, C₁₋₈haloalkoxy and C₂₋₈haloalkenyloxy refer to C₁₋₈alkyl, C₁₋₈alkoxy and C₁₋₈alkenyloxy resp. substituted by one to six, particularly 1 to 3 halogen; such halogen is preferably Cl or F. It will be appreciated that heteroaromatic groups R which cannot be substituted at a ring carbon atom in ortho position relative to the bond by which R is tied to the CR³ group of formula (A) are excluded by the above definition of R. It will further be appreciated that, also by definition, whenever R is a bicyclic ring system comprising a benzene ring and a heteroring, said groug R is tied directly to the CR³ group of formula (A) through a carbon ring atom of the heteroring moiety (i.e. not of the benzene moiety). Where R has one of the above defined heteroaromatic significances, the substituted heteroring is particularly selected from pyridyl, quinolyl, 2-pyridyl-N-oxide, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thienyl or furyl, more particularly from pyridyl (4-, 3- or 2-pyridyl, preferably the latter) or thienyl (2- or 3-thienyl). Where R is substituted by Y, the substituent is particularly halogen, C₁₋₅alkyl, C₁₋₅alkoxy or phenyl. R′ is preferably the carboxy group in free form, salt form or ester form. A preferred significance of R⁵ is CH(R¹¹)-O-CO-C₁₋₈alkyl. R⁷ and R⁸ are preferably C₁₋₈alkyl. R² is preferably C(X)-NHR¹⁰, more preferably CO-NHR¹⁰. R³ is preferably C₁₋₈alkyl. R¹⁰ is preferably phenyl or pyridyl, which groups are conveniently unsubstituted or mono- or disubstituted. Each of Y and Z conveniently signify independently H, halogen (F, Cl, Br, I), C₁₋₅alkyl, C₁₋₅alkoxy, CF₃, phenoxy, phenyl, nitro, cyano or hydroxy Z¹ signifies conveniently H, halogen or C₁₋₅alkoxy. Z² is preferably H. The compounds of formula (A) are obtained by a) reacting a compound of formula I R-C(=O)-R³ wherein R and R³ are as defined above with a compound of formula II H₂N-NR²R⁴ wherein R² and R⁴ are as defined above, followed, where desired, by esterifying compounds of formula (A) wherein R′ is the carboxyl group to compounds (A) wherein R′ is a carboxyl-ester group, or b) S-alkylating a compound of formula A₁ wherein R, R³, R⁴ and R¹⁰ are as defined above, with an alkylhalogenide of formula III R⁹Hal wherein R⁹ is as defined above and Hal is halogen, or a reactive functional derivative of said compound of formula III to give a compound of formula (A₂) wherein R, R³, R⁴, R⁹, and R¹⁰ are as defined above. The reaction of compounds of formula (I) with compounds of formula (II) may be effected under the conditions known for the preparation of (thio)semicarbazones starting from the corresponding (thio)carbazides. The reaction is conveniently carried out in a solvent which is inert under the reaction conditions, e.g. in an alcohol such as methanol or ethanol. An acid catalyst such as pyridyl tosylate may be added to promote the reaction. A suitable reaction temperature is room temperature or moderately enhanced temperature (e.g. between 10 and 40°C). Compounds of formula (A) wherein R′ is COOR⁵ may also be, and are in general preferably obtained by esterification of the corresponding compounds of formula (A) wherein R′ is the carboxyl group, in free form or in salt form, e.g. alkali metal salt form, using the desired esterification agent. Suitable esterification agents are alkylating agents such as R⁵-halogenides, R⁵-mesylates and R⁵-tosylates or reactive functional derivatives thereof such as CH₂N₂. The S-alkylation of thiosemicarbazones of formula (A₁) may be effected under the conditions known for the preparation of isothiosemicarbazones from thiosemicarbazones. In general, the reaction is carried out in a solvent which is inert under the reaction conditions, e.g. dimethylformamide. The compound of formula III is conveniently used as an iodide. It is in general advantageous to work in the presence of an acid binding agent, such as potassium carbonate. The R′ group may partially or completely be esterified or its eventual R⁵ group interchanged, depending on the particular reaction conditions employed. Hydrolysis of such ester group followed, where desired, by treatment with an esterification (e.g. alkylation) agent for the introduction of the selected group R⁵, will then result in the desired compound of formula (A₂). Compounds of formula (A) wherein R′ is carboxyl may be converted to the corresponding salts in conventional manner and vice versa. The compounds of formula (A) may be recovered from the reaction mixture in which they are formed by working up by established procedures. The compounds of formula (A) may exist in either the syn or the anti form, although the anti form usually predominates. The isothiosemicarbazones of the invention (see formula (A₂)) wherein R⁴ is hydrogen may also exist in the corresponding isomeric form RR³-C=N-N=C(-SR⁹)-NHR¹⁰. The starting materials and reagents employed in the process described herein are either known or, insofar as they are not known, may be produced in a manner analogous to the process described herein or to known processes. The compounds of formula (A) have herbicidal activity as observed after their pre-emergent or post-emergent application to weeds or a weed locus. The term "herbicide" (or "herbicidal") refers to an active ingredient (or an effect) which modifies the growth of plants because of plant growth regulating or phytotoxic properties so as to retard the growth of the plant or damage the plant sufficiently to kill it. Application of a compound of formula (A) is made according to conventional procedure to the weeds or their locus using a herbicidally effective amount of the compound, usually from 100 g to 10 kg/ha. The optimum usage of a compound of formula (A) is readily determined by one of oridinary skill in the art using routine testing such as green-house testing and small plot testing. It will depend on the compound employed, the desired effect (a phytotoxic effect requiring a higher rate than a plant growth regulating effect), the conditions of treatment and the like. In general satisfactory phytotoxic effects are obtained when the compound of formula (A) is applied at a rate in the range of from 0.2 to 5.0 kg, more preferably of from 0.25 to 2.5 kg per hectare. While some of the compounds of formula (A), have activity on grass weeds, they demonstrate, in general, a higher level of herbicidal activity on broadleaf plants when applied post-emergence. Broadleaf plant (weed) species on which the compounds of the present invention show effective herbicidal activity include Brassica juncea, Amaranthus retroflexus, Abutilon theophrasti, Datura stramonium, Xanthium canadense, Cassia obtusifolia and Ipomoea purpurea. When applied pre-emergence, the compounds of formula (A) demonstrate high levels of herbicidal activity on both broadleaf and grassy weeds. The compounds of formula (A) may be advantageously combined with other herbicides for broadspectrum weed control. Examples of herbicides which can be combined with a compound of the present invention include those selected from the carbamates, thiocarbamates, chloroacetamides, dinitroanilines, benzoic acids, glycerol ethers, pyridazinones, uracils and ureas for controlling a broad spectrum of weeds. The compounds of formula (A) are conveniently employed as herbicidal compositions in association with agriculturally acceptable diluents. Such compositions also form part of the present invention. They may contain, aside from a compound of formula (A) as active agent, other active agents, such as herbicides. They may be employed in either solid or liquid forms e.g. in the form of a wettable powder or an emulsifiable concentrate, incorporating conventional diluents. Such compositions may be produced in conventional manner, e.g. by mixing the active ingredient with a diluent and optionally other formulating ingredients such as surfactants. The term diluents as used herein means any liquid or solid agriculturally acceptable material which may be added to the active constituent to bring it in an easier or improved applicable form, respectively to a usable or desirable strength of activity. It can for example be talc, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, xylene, or water. Particularly formulations to be applied in spraying forms such as water dispersible concentrates or wettable powders may contain surfactants such as wetting and dispersing agents, e.g. the condensation product of formaldehyde with naphthalene sulphonate, an alkylarylsulphonate, a lignin sulphonate, a fatty alkyl sulphate, an ethoxylated alkylphenol and an ethoxylated fatty alcohol. In general, the formulations include from 0.01 to 90% by weight of active agent and from 0 to 20% by weight of agriculturally acceptable surfactant, the active agent consisting either of at least one compound of formula (A) or mixtures thereof with other active agents. Concentrate forms of compositions generally contain between about 2 and 90%, preferably between about 5 and 70% by weight of active agent. Application forms of formulation may for example contain from 0.01 to 20% by weight of active agent. The following examples are provided to illustrate the practice of the present invention. Temperature is given in degrees Centigrade. "RT" means room temperature. Parts and percentages are by weight. The symbols *, # and + when used in connection with melting points mean "gas", "softens" and "decomposes" resp. COMPOSITION EXAMPLES 1. Water dispersible powder The sodium salt or isopropylammonium salt of compound 4-A (hereinafter, Table A) are dissolved to the desired percentage concentration in water containing 0.5% surfactant (e.g. a 1: 1: 1 mixture of sorbitan monolaurate: polyoxyethylene[20]sorbitane monolaurate: polyoxyethylene[20]sorbitan trioleate). 2. Suspension concentrate - 26% 26 Parts of th sodium salt of compound 30-A (Table A, hereinafter), 4 parts of propylene glycol and 1 part of octyl phenoxypoly[ethyleneoxy]ethanol are mixed and wet-milled to 5-10 micron particle size. 3. Wettable powder - 50% 50 Parts of the sodium salt of compound 30-A (Table A, hereinafter), 4 parts of sodium lignosulphonate, 1 part of sodium dialkylnaphthalene sulphonate and 45 parts of kaolin are mixed and air-milled. The mixture is added to water for spraying. EXAMPLE 1 To a solution of 2-acetylnicotinic acid (0.40 g, 2.4 mmol) in 7 ml of methanol is added a solution of 4-phenylsemicarbazide (0.37 g, 2.4 mmol) in 5 ml of methanol. The mixture is stirred at RT overnight, after which the solid precipitate is collected by filtration, washed with ethanol and dried to give 2-acetylnicotinic acid 4-phenylsemicarbazone, m.p. 174° (dec.) (compound 1, Table A). EXAMPLE 2 2-Acetylbenzoic acid (0.50 g, 3.0 mmol) and 2-methyl-4-(3-trifluoromethyl)phenylsemicarbazide (0.67 g, 3.0 mmol) are dissolved together in 15 ml of ethanol. After 3 hours at RT, 50 mg of pyridyl tosylate is added. After 2 more hours, the precipitated solid is collected by filtration and dried to give 2-acetylbenzoic acid 2-methyl-4-(3-trifluoromethyl)phenylsemicarbazone, m.p. 172° (gas) (compound 2, Table A). EXAMPLE 3 Following the procedure of either Example 1 or Example 2, each of the semicarbazone or thiosemicarbazone compounds 3-47 under Table A, 48-52 under Table B, 63-79 under Table C, 87-100 under Table D and 126-140 under Table E, is prepared from the corresponding semicarbazide or thiosemi- carbazide and acetyl compound. EXAMPLE 4 To a solution of 2-acetylnicotinic acid 4-phenylsemicarbazone (0.32 g) in 5 ml of methanol is added 1 equivalent of sodium methoxide. The mixture is stirred at RT for 5 minutes, after which the solvent is removed by rotoevaporation to give the sodium salt of 2-acetylnicotinic acid 4-phenylsemicarbazone m.p. 203° (dec.). Following the procedure of Example 4, each of the acids under Tables A, B, C, D and E is treated with 1 equivalent of sodium methoxide to give the corresponding sodium salt. EXAMPLE 5 To 2-acetylnicotinic acid 4-phenylsemicarbazone (0.32 g) in 5 ml of methanol is added 1 equivalent of an aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide. The mixture is stirred at RT for 5 minutes, after which the solvent is removed by rotoevaporation to give the ammonium salt of 2-acetylnicotinic acid 4-phenylsemicarbazone, m.p. 146-150° (softens) and 198-200° (gas). Following the above procedure, each of the acids under Tables A, B, C, D and E is treated with 1 equivalent of aqueous ammonium hydroxide to give the corresponding ammonium salt. EXAMPLE 6 Following the procedures of Example 5, using isopropylamine, 2-hydroxyethylamine or diisopropylamine, the following salts are obtained. Of compound 1, the isopropylammonium salt, m.p. 94° (softens), 120°(gas) Of compound 4, the isopropylammonium salt, m.p. 111-118° Of compound 1, the 2-hydroxyethylammonium salt, m.p. 131° (gas) Of compound 22, the 2-hydroxyethylammonium salt, m.p. 118° (gas) Of compound 3, the diisopropylammonium salt, m.p. 208-210° Of compound 4, the diisopropylammonium salt, m.p. 210-220° (For the structure of compounds 1, 3, 4 and 22 see Table A, hereinafter). EXAMPLE 7 A suspension of 2-acetylnicotinic acid 4-phenylsemicarbazone (compound 1) (0.50 g) in 20 ml of methanol is treated with diazomethane until the yellow color of the solution persists. The solvent is removed in vacuo to give methyl 2-acetylnicotinate 4-phenylsemicarbazone, m.p. 177-178° (compound 53, Table C). EXAMPLE 8 A mixture of the sodium salt of 2-acetylnicotinic acid 4-(3-fluorophenyl)semicarbazone (compound 4) (1.0 g, 3.0 mmol) and chloromethyl acetate (0.4 g, 3.5 mmol) in 18 ml of DMF is stirred at RT for 3 days. The reaction mixture is poured onto ice. The solid which precipitates is collected by filtration, is washed with water and is air-dried. It is stirred in 50 ml of chloroform for 2 hours and is filtered. The filtrate is evaporated to give glass like material, which is triturated with ether to give the crude product. Purification by prep. TLC gives acetyloxymethyl 2-acetylnicotinate 4-(3-fluorophenyl)semicarbazone, m.p. 159-160° (compound 54, Table C). EXAMPLE 9 Following the procedure of Example 8, chloromethyl butanoate, 1-chloroethyl propionat, 1-bromo-2-methyl- n -butyl acetate, methyl iodide, bromomethyl acetate, 1-chloroethyl propionate, chloromethyl butanoate and chloromethyl octanoate are reacted with the corresponding sodium salt to give compounds 55-62 and 80-86 in Table C. EXAMPLE 10 Following the procedure of Example 2 an acetyl-quinoline carboxylic acid is reacted with a semicabazide to give 2-acetyl-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid 4-phenylsemicarbazone, m.p. 234-236° (compound 101), its Na-salt having a m.p. of 224-225° (gas) 3-acetyl-2-quinolincarboxylic acid 4-phenylsemicarbazone, m.p. 243° (gas) (compound 102), its Na-salt having a m.p. of 300°; 3-acetyl-4-quinolinecarboxylic acid 4-phenylsemicarbazone, m.p. 251° (dec.) (compound 103), its Na-salt having a m.p. of 300°; 3-acetyl-4-quinolinecarboxylic acid 4-(3-chlorophenyl)semicarbazone, m.p. 229° (compound 104), both its Na-salt and isopropylammonium salt having a m.p. of 300°. EXAMPLE 11 To a stirred solution of 2-acetyl-3-thiophenecarboxylic acid (1.70 g, 10.0 mmol) in 15 ml of dry methanol is added, all at once, 4-phenylsemicarbazide (1.51 g, 10.0 mmol) in 25 ml of dry methanol. Stirring is continued for 18 hours, after which the precipitate is filtered off, washed with diethyl ether and dried to give 2-acetyl-3-thiophenecarboxylic acid 4-phenylsemicarbazone, m.p. 238° (compound 105, Table E). Compounds 106-125 (Table E) are obtained following the same procedure. EXAMPLE 12 To a suspension of 2-acetyl-3-nicotinic acid N -oxide (2.5 g, 13.8 mmol) in 40 ml of ethanol is added 4-phenylsemicarbazide (2.1 g, 13.8 mmol). The mixture is stirred at 40° overnight, after which the solvent is removed and the product purified to give 2-acetyl-3-nicotinic acid N -oxide 4-phenylsemicarbazone, m.p. 218° (dec.) (compound 141); its Na-salt melts at 128-133°, its NH₄-salt softens at 137° and enters the gas phase at 155°. EXAMPLE 13 Following the procedure of Example 12 2-acetyl-3-nicotinic acid N -oxide 2-methyl-4-phenylsemicarbazone, m.p. 55° (softens), 65° (melts) (compound 142) is obtained. EXAMPLE 14 A mixture of N,N -diethyl 2-acetyl-3-nicotinamide (0.45 g, 2.0 mmol) and 4-phenylsemicarbazide (0.31 g, 2.0 mmol) in 10 ml of acetic acid is stirred at RT overnight. The solvent is then removed by rotoevaporation, and the residue is triturated with methanol. The solid is collected by filtration and is dried to give N,N -diethyl-2-acetyl-3-nicotinamide 4-phenylsemicarbazone, m.p. 241-243° (compound 143). EXAMPLE 15 Following the procedures of Example 14, each of 4-(3-fluorophenyl)semicarbazide and 4-(3-chlorophenyl)semicarbazide is reacted with N,N -diethyl 2-acetyl-3-nicotinamide to give N,N -diethyl 2-acetyl-3-nicotinamide 4-(3-fluorophenyl)semicarbazone (compound 144) and N,N -diethyl 2-acetyl-3-nicotinamide 4-(3-chlorophenyl)semicarbazone (compound 145) resp. EXAMPLE 16 A solution of ethyl 2-methylnicotinate (2.0 g, 12.12 mmol), selenium dioxide (20.0 g, 18.18 mmol) and dioxane (10 ml) is heated at 135° for 4 hours. The reaction mixture is filtered and the filtrate is concentrated and purified by prep. TLC to give ethyl 2-formylnicotinate. Ethyl 2-formylnicotinate (1.0 g, 5.58 mmol) in 1 ml of ethanol is added to an aqueous solution of lithium hydroxide (0.28 g, 6.70 mmol) in 3 ml of water. The mixture is stirred at RT for 2 hours, then concentrated under vacuum at RT. The resulting lithium salt of 2-formylnicotinic acid is dissolved in 5 ml of methanol, and 4-methylsemicarbazide (0.77 g, 5.07 mmol) is added. The mixture is stirred at RT overnight. The resulting white precipitate is filtered and washed with methanol to give the lithium salt of 2-formylnicotinic acid 4-phenylsemicarbazone, m.p. 266° (compound 146). EXAMPLE 17 To a mixture of 4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazone of 2-acetylnicotinic acid (1.0 g, 3.2 mmol) and potassium carbonate (0.88 g, 6.4 mmol) in 6 ml of dimethylformamide was added 0.4 ml (0.9 g, 6.4 mmol) of methyl iodide. The mixture was stirred overnight, and then poured into ether/CHCl₃ and water. The organic phase is separated and dried (Na₂SO₄). Removal of solvent gave the compound of formula A₁ wherein R is 3-methoxycarbonyl-2-pyridyl, R³ is CH₃, R² is C(=NC₆H5)-SCH₃ and R⁴ is H (Compound 147) as a mixture of isomers (the isomer having the corresponding structure in which NR²R⁴ is N=C(SCH₃)-NH-C₆H₅), which mixture was crystallized from CH₃CN. EXAMPLE 18 0.64 g (1.9 mmol) of the compound of Example 17 (compound 147) was hydrolysed by stirring with lithium hydroxide monohydrate (0.08 g, 1.9 mmol) in 10 ml of methanol and 2 ml of water at 80° for six hours. The methanol and water were removed by rotoevaporation to give the compound of formula A₁ wherein R is 3-COOLi-2-pyridyl, R³ is CH₃, R² is C(=NC₆H₅)-SCH₃ and R⁴ is H (compound 148). EXAMPLE 19 0.6 g (1.9 mmol) of compound 148 was suspended in 5% HCl (8 ml), and the solution was separately extracted with CHCl₃. The chloroform extracts were dried (Na₂SO₄), and the chloroform was removed to give the corresponding acid of formula A₁, wherein R is 3-COOH-2-pyridyl, R³ is CH₃, R² is C(=NC₆H₅)-SCH₃ and R⁴ is H (compound 149); m.p. 78° (softens), 132-35° (gas). EXAMPLE 20 Pre-emergent herbicidal activity of selected compounds of the present invention was determined as follows: Seeds of selected weeds were planted and the soil was drenched with a solution of water (17%), surfactant (0.17%) and the test compound at a rate equivalent to 10 lb/acre. Scoring was made two weeks after treatment. The grasses (GR) Setaria viridis, Echinochloa crus-galli, Sorghum bicolor and Avena fatua and the broadleafs (BL) Ipomoea purpurea, Brassica juncea, Solanum nigrum and Abutilon theophrasti were treated. The average pre-emergent activity of the compounds is presented in Table F below (10 lb/acre corresponds roughly to 11 kg/ha). EXAMPLE 21 Post-emergence herbicidal activity of selected compounds of the present invention was tested as follows: Seedlings of selected weeds were sprayed with a solution of water/acetone (1: 1), surfactant (0.5%) and the test compound at a rate equivalent to 10 lb/acre. Scoring was made two weeks after spraying. The grasses (GR) Setaria viridis, Echinochloa crusgalli, Sorghum bicolor and Avena fatua and the broadleafs (BL) Ipomoea purpurea, Brassica juncea, soybean and Abutilon theophrasti were treated. The average post-emergent activities of the compounds are presented in Table F below.

Claims: Claims for the Contracting States: BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE 1. Compounds of formula (A): wherein R is phenyl or naphthyl, or is a heteroaromatic ring selected from a) pyridyl which may be fused by its [b] or [c]-side with a benzene ring, b) 2-pyridyl-N-oxide or 2-pyrazinyl-N¹-oxide, c) pyrimidinyl, d) pyrazinyl, e) 3- or 4-cinnolinyl or 2-quinoxalinyl and f) a five-membered heteroaromatic ring bound by one of its ring C-atoms to the CR³-group selected from thienyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl or pyrazolyl; whereby said five-membered heteroaromatic ring may be fused by its [b]-side with a benzene ring; which group R isortho-substituted by the group R′ and additionally bears one further substituent Y, both R′ and Y being attached to a ring carbon atom; R′ is the carboxy group in free form, salt form or ester form or is the group CO-SR⁶ or CO-NR⁷R⁸, Y is H, C₁₋₅alkyl, C₁₋₈halloalkyl, C₁₋₈alkoxy, C₁₋₈haloalkoxy, C₂₋₈alkenyloxy, C₂₋₈haloalkenyloxy, C₂₋₈alkynyloxy, phenyl, phenoxy, C₁₋₈alkylthio, OH, halogen, nitro or cyano; R² is the group _C(=NR¹⁰)-SR⁹ or _C(=X)-NHR¹⁰, each of R³, R⁴, R⁷ and R⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₈alkyl; each of R⁶ and R⁹ is independently C₁₋₈alkyl, R¹⁰ is one of the groups each of W, W′ and W″ is independently N or CH Q₁ is oxygen, sulfur or NH X is oxygen or sulfur each of Z, Z¹ and Z² is independently one of the significances specified for _ but independent of _ Y, with the proviso that when R is phenyl mono-substituted in ortho by the carboxy group in free form or in salt form or by C₁₋₄alkoxy-carbonyl, then R³ is C₁₋₈alkyl. 2. A compound of Claim 1, wherein R is 2-COOH-phenyl or 2-COOR⁵phenyl, which phenyl group is substituted by Y, R² is a group _C(=X)-NHR¹⁰, R³ is C₁₋₅alkyl R⁴ is H or C₁₋₅alkyl, R is C₁₋₅alkyl, C₁₋₅haloalkyl, C₂₋₁₀alkoxyalkyl or _CH(-R¹¹)-O-C(=O)-C₁₋₈alkyl, R¹⁰ is phenyl or pyridyl, which groups are substituted by Z and Z¹, R¹¹ is H or C₁₋₅alkyl, X is O or S, each of Y and Z is independently H, halogen, C₁₋₅alkyl, C₁₋₅alkoxy, CF₃, phenyl, phenoxy, nitro, cyano or hydroxy, and Z¹ is H, halogen, C₁₋₅alkyl or C₁₋₅alkoxy, whereby any carboxy group in R is in free form or in salt form. 3. A compound of claim 1, wherein R is a heteroaromatic ring selected from a) pyridyl which may be fused by its [b] or [c]-side with a benzene ring, b) 2-pyridyl-N-oxide or 2-pyrazinyl-N¹-oxide, c) pyrimidinyl, d) pyrazinyl, e) 3- or 4-cinnolinyl or 2-quinoxalinyl and f) a five-membered heteroaromatic ring bound by one of its ring C-atoms to the CR³-group selected from thienyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl or pyrazolyl; whereby said five-membered heteroaromatic ring may be fused by its [b]-side with a benzene ring; which group R is ortho-substituted by the group R′ and additionally bears one further substituent Y, both R′ and Y being attached to a ring carbon atom; R′ is the carboxy group in free form or salt form, or is the group COOR⁵, R³ is H or C₁₋₅alkyl and R², R⁴, R⁵, R¹⁰, R¹¹, X, Y, Z and Z¹ are as stated in Claim 2. 4. A compound of Claim 3, wherein the heteroaromatic ring R is selected from pyridyl, quinolyl, 2-pyridyl-N-oxide, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thienyl and furyl, substituted by R′ and Y as stated in Claim 3. 5. A compound of Claim 4, wherein R is selected from pyridyl or thienyl, substituted by R′ and Y as stated in Claim 3 and R⁴ is H. 6. A compound of Claim 5, wherein R³ is C₁₋₅alkyl, X is oxygen, R¹⁰ is Z,Z¹-substituted phenyl, Z is H, halogen, C₁₋₅alkyl, C₁₋₅alkoxy or CF₃ and Z¹ is H, chloro, fluoro, methyl or methoxy. 7. A compound of Claim 6, wherein R is 2-pyridyl ortho-substituted by R′ as stated in Claim 3 and Y being H. 8. A compound of Claim 6, wherein R is thienyl ortho-substituted by R′ as stated in Claim 3 and Y being H. 9. A compound of Claim 7, wherein R¹⁰ is phenyl, 3-chlorophenyl or 3-fluorophenyl. 10. A compound of any of Claims 1 to 9 wherein R′ is the carboxy group in free form or salt form or is a group COO-CH(R¹¹)-O-C(=O)-C₁₋₅alkyl, wherein R¹¹ is as stated in Claim 2. 11. A compound of Claim 10 selected from a) 2-acetylnicotinic acid 4-phenylsemicarbazone in free acid form or salt form, b) 2-acetylnicotinic acid 4-(3-chlorophenyl)semicarbazone in free form or salt form, c) 2-acetylnicotinic acid 4-(3-fluorophenyl)-semicarbazone in free form or salt form, d) butyryloxymethyl 2-acetylnicotinate 4-(3-fluorophenyl)-semicarbazone, e) butyryloxymethyl 2-acetylnicotinate 4-(3-chlorophenyl)-semicarbazone. 12. Process of preparing a compound of formula (A) stated in Claim 1, which comprises a) reacting a compound of formula I R-C(=O)R³ wherein R and R³ are as defined in Claim 1, with a compound of formula II H₂N-NR²R⁴ wherein R² and R⁴ are as defined in Claim 1, followed, where desired, by esterifying compounds of formula (A) wherein R′ is the carboxyl group to compounds (A) wherein R′ is a carboxyl-ester group, or b) S-alkylating a compound of formula A₁ wherein R, R³, R⁴ and R¹⁰ are as defined in Claim 1, with an alkylhalogenide of formula III R⁹Hal wherein R⁹ is as defined in Claim 1 and Hal is halogen, or a reactive functional derivative of said compound of formula III to give a compound of formula (A₂) wherein R, R³, R⁴, R⁹ and R¹⁰ are as defined in Claim 1. 13. A herbicidal composition comprising a compound of formula (A) according to any one of Claims 1 to 11 and an agriculturally acceptable diluent. 14. A method of combatting weeds which comprises applying to the locus thereof a herbicidally effective amount of a compound of formula (A) according to any one of Claims 1 to 11. Claims for the Contracting State: AT 1. A herbicidal composition comprising a compound of formula (A): wherein R is phenyl or naphthyl, or is a heteroaromatic ring selected from a) pyridyl which may be fused by its [b] or [c]-side with a benzene ring, b) 2-pyridyl-N-oxide or 2-pyrazinyl-N¹-oxide, c) pyrimidinyl, d) pyrazinyl, e) 3- or 4-cinnolinyl or 2-quinoxalinyl and f) a five-membered heteroaromatic ring bound by one of its ring C-atoms to the CR³-group selected from thienyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl or pyrazolyl; whereby said five-membered heteroaromatic ring may be fused by its [b]-side with a benzene ring; which group R is ortho-substituted by the group R′ and additionally bears one further substituent Y, both R′ and Y being attached to a ring carbon atom; R′ is the carboxy group in free form, salt form or ester form or is the group CO-SR⁶ or CO-NR⁷R⁸, Y is H, C₁₋₅alkyl, C₁₋₈haloalkyl, C₁₋₈alkoxy, C₁₋₈haloalkoxy, C₂₋₈alkenyloxy, C₂₋₈haloalkenyloxy, C₂₋₈alkynyloxy, phenyl, phenoxy, C₁₋₈alkylthio, OH, halogen, nitro or cyano; R² is the group _C(=NR 10 )-SR⁹ or _C(=X)-NHR¹⁰, each of R³, R⁴, R⁷ and R⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₈alkyl; each of R⁶ and R⁹ is independendly C₁₋₈alkyl, R¹⁰ is one of the groups each of W, W′ and W″ is independently N or CH Q₁ is oxygen, sulfur or NH X is oxygen or sulfur each of Z, Z¹ and Z² is independently one of the significances specified for _ but independent of _ Y, with the proviso that when R is phenyl mono-substituted in ortho by the carboxy group in free form or in salt form or by C₁₋₄alkoxy-carbonyl, then R³ is C₁₋₄alkyl. 2. A composition of Claim 1, wherein R is 2-COOH-phenyl, or 2-COOR⁵-phenyl which phenyl group is substituted by Y, R² is a group _C(=X)-NHR¹⁰, R³ is C₁₋₅-alkyl R⁴ is H or C₁₋₅alkyl, R⁵ is C₁₋₅alkyl, C₁₋₅haloalkyl, C₂₋₁₀alkoxyalkyl or -CH(-R¹¹)-O-C(=O)-C₁₋₈alkyl, R¹⁰ is phenyl or pyridyl, which groups are substituted by Z and Z¹, R¹¹ is H or C₁₋₅alkyl, X is O or S, each of Y and Z is independently H, halogen, C₁₋₅alkyl, C₁₋₅alkoxy CF₃, phenyl, phenoxy, nitro, cyano or hydroxy, and Z¹ is H, halogen, C₁₋₅alkyl or C₁₋₅alkoxy, whereby any carboxy group in R is in free form or in salt form. 3. A composition of Claim 1, wherein R is a heteroaromatic ring selected from a) pyridyl which may be fused by its [b] or [c]-side with a benzene ring, b) 2-pyridyl-N-oxide or 2-pyrazinyl-N¹-oxide, c) pyrimidinyl, d) pyrazinyl, e) 3- or 4-cinnolinyl or 2-quinoxalinyl and f) a five-membered heteroaromatic ring bound by one of its ring C-atoms to the CR³-group selected from thienyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl or pyrazolyl; whereby said five-membered heteroaromatic ring may be fused by its [b]-side with a benzene ring; which group R is ortho-substituted by the group R′ and additionally bears one further substituent Y, both R′ and Y being attached to a ring carbon atom; R′ is the carboxy group in free form or salt form, or is the group COOR⁵, R³ is H or C₁₋₅alkyl and R², R⁴, R⁵, R¹⁰, R¹¹, X, Y, Z and Z¹ are as stated in Claim 2. 4. A composition of Claim 3, wherein the heteroaromatic ring R is selected from pyridyl, quinolyl, 2-pyridyl-N-oxide, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thienyl and furyl, substituted by R′ and Y as stated in Claim 3. 5. A composition of Claim 4, wherein R is selected from pyridyl or thienyl, substituted by R′ and Y as stated in Claim 3 and R⁴ is H. 6. A composition of Claim 5, wherein R³ is C₁₋₅alkyl, X is oxygen, R¹⁰ is Z,Z¹-substituted phenyl, Z is H, halogen, C₁₋₅alkyl, C₁₋₅alkoxy or CF₃ and Z¹ is H, chloro, fluoro, methyl or methoxy. 7. A composition of Claim 6, wherein R is 2-pyridyl ortho-substituted by R′ as stated in Claim 3 and Y being H. 8. A composition of Claim 6, wherein R is thienyl ortho-substituted by R′ as stated in Claim 3 and Y being H. 9. A composition of Claim 7, wherein R¹⁰ is phenyl, 3-chlorophenyl or 3-fluorophenyl. 10. A composition of any of Claims 1 to 9 wherein R′ is the carboxy group in free form or salt form or is a group COO-CH(R¹¹)-O-C(=O)-C₁₋₅alkyl, wherein R¹¹ is as stated in Claim 2. 11. A composition of Claim 10 comprising a compound selected from a) 2-acetylnicotinic acid 4-phenylsemicarbazone in free acid form or salt form, b) 2-acetylnicotinic acid 4-(3-chlorophenyl)semicarbazone in free form or salt form, c) 2-acetylnicotinic acid 4-(3-fluorophenyl)-semicarbazone in free form or salt form, d) butyryloxymethyl 2-acetylnicotinate 4-(3-fluorophenyl)-semicarbazone, e) butyryloxymethyl 2-acetylnicotinate 4-(3-chlorophenyl)-semicarbazone. 12. Process of preparing a compound of formula (A) stated in Claim 1, which comprises a) reacting a compound of formula I R-C(=O)-R³ wherein R and R³ are as defined in Claim 1, with a compound of formula II H₂N-NR²R⁴ wherein R² and R⁴ are as defined in Claim 1, followed, where desired, by esterifying compounds of formula (A) wherein R′ is the carboxyl group to compounds (A) wherein R′ is a carboxyl-ester group, or b) S-alkylating a compound of formula A₁ wherein R, R³, R⁴ and R¹⁰ are as defined in Claim 1, with an alkylhalogenide of formula III R⁹Hal wherein R⁹ is as defined in Claim 1 and Hal is halogen, or a reactive functional derivative of said compound of formula III to give a compound of formula (A₂) wherein R, R³, R⁴, R⁹ and R¹⁰ are as defined in Claim 1.

Inventors: ANDERSON, RICHARD JAMES, LEIPPE, MICHAEL MARIO
Applicants: SANDOZ AG, SANDOZ-ERFINDUNGEN VERWALTUNGSGESELLSCHAFT M.B.H., SANDOZ-PATENT-GMBH
Application year: 1986
Main classification: C07D213
IPC codes: C07C237, C07D521, C07D213, C07C281, A01N47, C07D239, C07D307, C07C313, C07D241, C07C337, C07D215, C07C239, C07C67, C07C325, A01N43, C07D333, C07D217, C07C323