IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO TUBE COUPLINGS

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a tube coupling (10) comprising a body (11) having a throughway (12) open at one end to receive a tube (14) to be secured in the body by a collet (24) having resilient arms (25) which are compressed into gripping engagement with the tube by a tapered cam surface (23) formed on a part of the body. In order to support the tube where it is compressed by the resilient arms of the collet, an insert sleeve (29) is provided extending into the tube (14) and having an integral cruciform (30) extending across the sleeve at the location where the collet bears on the tube to support the tube against collapse in that region.

Description: "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO TUBE COUPLINGS" I This invention relates to a tube counling to receive and automatically lock an end of a tube inserted in the counlings. Tube couplings are known in which a tube coupling comprising a body having a throughway open at one end to receive a tube, a collet insertable in said one end of the throughway and having a plurality of resilient arms extending into the throughway to encircle and grip a tube extending through the collet into the throughway, a frusto-conical cam surface tapered towards said one end of the throughway to engage the collet arms and, with movement towards said open end of the throughway, to force the collet arms inwardly into gripping engagement with the tube. With very soft pipes, a plain thin headless metal sleeve is often inserted at the end of the pipe to give it support when being clamped on the outside by the collet in the body. In practice such sleeves have been found to be only partially effective in supporting the tube against the mode imposed on it by the collet arms and suffer from a disadvantage that flow is restricted to the tube. In accordance with the invention, sleeve means are provided to engage in the tube having bracing means disposed in that part of the sleeve means located within the zone where the resilient arms of the collet engage the tube to provide additional support for the tube. The sleeve means may be in the form of a thin walled sleeve having an integral transverse wall or walls providing said bracing means. The transverse wall or walls may be formed integrally with the sleeve means and may be of cruciform cross section. The sleeve may be a separate element having an encircling flange at the end remote from the bracing means against which the end of the tube inserted over the sleeve is located, the flange bearing on a shoulder provided on a throughway or the sleeve may be formed integrally with the body. In either case the bodv may have an angular shoulder adjacent to the collet facing towards the open end of the body to receive an O ring seal which engages the outer surface of the tube to seal therewith. In the case where the sleeve is a separate component having an encircling end flange, the flange may be formed with an angular rejection which engages against the angular step in the throughway to seal therewith. The following is a description of two specific embodiments of the invention with reference being made to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a cross sectional view through a tube coupling incorporating a tube insert sleeve; Figure 2 is a sectional view through the sleeve; Figure 3 is a view of the sleeve from one end; Figure 4 is a view of the sleeve from the opposite end; Figure 5 is a detailed view of part of one end of the sleeve showing a raised integral sealing ring at said end; Figure 6 is a similar view to Figure 5 showing an alternative form of the sealing ring; Figure 7 is a cross sectional view through an alternative form of coupling; Figure 8 is a view looking into the coupling of Figure 7. Referring firstly to Figure 1 of the drawings there is shown a tube coupling indicated generally by the reference numeral 10 and comprising a body 11 having a throughwav 12. The body 11 is open at one end 13 to receive a tube 14 to be secured in the coupling body. The throughway 12 has a counter-bore 15 in which the tube 14 is a close fit and an axially facing shoulder 16 bridges the counter-bore with the main part of the throughwav 12 and faces towards the open end 13 of the body. The counter-bore 15 is itself formed with a further counter-bore 17 connected to the counter-bore 15 by a further axially facing shoulder 18 and an O-ring seal 19 is lodged against the shoulder 18 to seal with the outer surface of the tube 14. The counter-bore 17 is formed with yet a further counter-bore 20 connected to the counter-bore 17 by a shoulder 21 and angular end plug 22 is secured in the counter-bore 20. In the case where the body 11 and plug 22 are formed from plastics, the components may be ultrasonically welded together. The angular plug 22 has a frusto-conical cam surface 22 encircling the throughway and tapering towards the open end of the body. A collet 24 is located in the angular plug and has resilient collet arms 25 extending into the throughwav and engaging the cam surface 23. Each arm 25 is formed with a metal insert 26 having a tooth 27 projecting at the inner side of the arm to bear against and grip the tube 14. The collet 24 projects from the angular plug 22 and is formed with asn out-turned head 28 to enable the collet to be gripped to move axially within the plug. It will be appreciated that as the collet is drawn outwardly of the body/plug the frusto-conical cam surface 23 will force the arms 25 of the plug inwardly to grip and lock the tube 14 in the throughway. In so doing, considerable radial load is imposed on the tube 14. In order to withstand that load, the tube has a thin walled insert sleeve 29 located in the end part of the sleeve. in the region of the tube 14 where the resilient arms bear on the tube, the insert sleeve is formed with an integral cruciform 30 of diametrically extending ribs 31 to support the wall of the sleeve and thereby the tube against the load imposed by the resilient arms. The cruciform is made to minimum wall thickness in order to minimise resistance to flow through the sleeve and the length of the cruciform is confined to the area of the sleeve within the zone where the resilient arms bear on the tube encircling the sleeve for the same purpose. The other end of the sleeve 29 is formed with an out-turned flange 32 the outer diameter of which is a close fit in the counter-bore 15 and which bears against the shoulder 16. As can be seen in the diagram, the tube 14 is fitted over the sleeve 29 and the end of the tube abuts against the flange 32. The side of the flange 32 bearing against the shoulder 16 is formed with a raised step or rib 33 as best seen in Figures 2 and 5 to bear against the shoulder 16 and form a seal therewith to prevent escape of fluid between the flange and shoulder. Thus if the tube 14 has not been cut clearly at its end so that the tube does not bear evenly against the flange 32 (as shown in the diagram), there will be consequential loss of fluid between the tube and sleeve 29. Figure 6 shows an alternative shape of raised rib of triangular cross-section. The coupling is completed by removable end cap 35 which has a shoulder 36 to snap into a groove formed between the angular plug 22 and body member 11. The cap covers over the projecting end of the collet 28 to protect the collet against accidental impact which could release a tube from the coupling. Figure 7 shows a modified construction which is generallv similar to that described above and like parts have been allotted the same reference numerals. The main difference is that the inset sleeve 29 is formed integrally with the coupling body 11 to project along the body towards the open end 13 of the box. The sleeve 29 forms an angular recess 38 with the counter-bore 15 in the body to receive an end part of the tube 40 and the shoulder 16 on the bodyt at the bottom of the recess receives the end of the tube. If the tube has not been cut square a residual gap may be left between the end of the tube and shoulder 16 as indicated in the diagram. The arrangement is otherwise identical to that described with reference to Figure 1 above.

Claims: CLAIMS: 1. A tube coupling comprising a body having a throughway open at one end to receive a tube, a collet insertable in said one end of the throughway and having a plurality of resilient arms extending intothe throughway to encircle and grip the tube extending through the collet into the throughway, a frusto-conical cam surface in the throughway tapered towards said one end of the throughway to engage the collet arms and, with moverment of the collet towards said open end of the throughway, to force the collet arms inwardly into gripping engagement with the tube and sleeve means to engage in the tube in the region engaged by said resilient arms and bracing means for bracing the sleeve means within said region to support the sleeve and thereby the tube where the resilient arms bear on the tube. 2. A coupling as claimed in claim 1 wherein the sleeve means comprise a thin wall rigid sleeve to extend from the end of the tube in the throughway to the region of the tube engaged by the resilient arms of the collet, and bracing means being provided in the sleeve in said region. 3. A coupling as claimed in claim 2 wherein the bracing means comprise a transverse wall or walls extending across the sleeve means. 4. A coupling as claimed in claim 3 wherein the sleeve means has an integral cruciform element disposed therein in said region where the collet arms engaged to the tube encircle the sleeve. 5. A coupling as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein said sleeve means has an outwardly extending flange at the end remote from the bracing means to receive on one side an end of the tube to be secured in the coupling and to engage on the other side a shoulder in the throughway of the body of the coupling. 6. A coupling as claimed in claim 5 wherein said other side of the flange is formed with an angular nrojection to engage and seal against said shoulder in the throughway. 7. A coupling as claimed in claim 5 or claim 6 wherein the throughway has a portion extending from said shoulder towards the open end of the throughway having an internal diameter equivalent to the external diameter of the tube and the outer diameter of the flange on the sleeve is of similar diametere to the said part of the throughway whereby the tube and flange are a close fit in that part of the throughway. 8. A coupling as claimed in any of claims 2 to 7 wherein an annular seal is mounted in the throughway adjacent the collet to engage the outer surface of the tube and form a seal therewith. 9. A tube coupling as claimed in claim 8 wherein the throughway is formed with an annular step facing towards the siad open end of the throughway adjacent to the collet against which an O-ring seal is dispoised. 10. A coupling as claimed in any of claims 2 to 4 wherein the sleeve is formed integrally with the body in the throughway. 11. A coupling as claimed in claim 10 wherein an annular recess is formed in the body around the sleeve to receive the end of the tube. 12. A coupling as claimed in claim 10 or claim 11 wherein the throughway is formed with an annular step adjacent to the collet encircling the sleeve and an O-ring seal is disposed against the step to seal with the outer surface of the tube encircling the sleeve.

Inventors: GUEST, JOHN DEREK
Applicants: GUEST, JOHN DEREK
Application year: 1986
Main classification: F16L37
IPC codes: F16L37