A METHOD OF BUILDING VENEER WALLS

Abstract: Method of building a veneer wall, the outer leaf of a cavity wall, or a similar wall structure comprising building blocks (1) bonded together by means of jointing material. The jointing material is applied under pressure through a piping nozzle and the jointing material intended for each bed joint is applied at a thickness greater than the thickness of the intended ultimate bed joint. The invention is characterized in that the jointing material forming the bed joint (6) is applied in the form of two mutually parallel ridges (13, 14) of jointing material, such as to prevent the formation of through-passing channels when piping-in jointing material to form the heading joints of the wall structure.

Description: A method of building veneer walls The present invention relates to a method in the construction of a veneer wall, the outer leaf of a cavity wall or like wall structure, comprising building blocks which are bonded together with the aid of a joint- 5 ing material which forms heading joints and bed joints, the jointing material being piped under pressure through a nozzle and the jointing material for each bed joint being applied at a thickness greater, than the thickness of the ultimate bed joint. 10 When building veneer walls, outer leaves of cavity walls, conventional walls, facades and similar wall structures with the use of building elements, here¬ inafter referred to as building blocks, of substantial¬ ly symmetrical longitudinal and transversal cross-sec- 15 tion, the most common masonry technique used is one in which the jointing material, normally cement mortar, is applied to the bed and heading joints manually with the aid of a trowel. A great deal of professional skill, is required to make such a veneer wall totally impervious, 20 i.e. to ensure the absence of penetrating channels. Channels, voids etc. are most likely to form in the heading joints, which in the case of a building facade will result in rain water passing from the weather side of the facade to rearwardly located insulation, thereby 25 causing damage, while poor joint-tightness of an inner wall will impair the acoustic insulation of the wall. Thus, when building a veneer wall, the outside leaf wall of a cavity structure, or a like wall structure, the - # work entailed must be carried out with extreme care, if 30 a fully satisfactory result is to be achieved, this addi- • ^ tional care resulting in high costs. In view of this it has been proposed to produce the bed joints by piping jointing material onto the upper surfaces of respective building blocks, and to produce the heading joints by 35 piping or injecting jointing material into the spaces located between mutually adjacent blocks. This piping technique, which is described and illustrated in Swedish Patent Application No. 84 02384-5, enables important savings to be made, through good control of the amount of jointing material supplied to the masonry, and through the speed at which the supply can be made. As will be shown hereinafter, the technique of piping the jointing material onto and into the relevant locations readily leads to the presence of penetrating channels or voids in the heading joints, resulting in the afore- mentioned disadvantages. Consequently a prime object of the present in- vention is to provide a method of the aforesaid kind which while retaining all the advantages afforded by the aforesaid piping technique totally eliminates the risk of permeable joints. This object is realized fully by the inven¬ tion as defined in the claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which . Figure 1 illustrates heading joints and bed joints of a veneer wall built by piping the jointing ma¬ terial onto and into intended locations in accordance with known techniques; Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on the line II-II in Figure 1 ; Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the same location as the line II-II through the jointing material laid on a building block to form a bed joint in accord¬ ance with the invention; and Figure 4 illustrates the jointing material shown in Figure 3 subsequent to placing a building block thereon, and also illustrates the jointing material sub¬ sequently piped into the heading joint. Figure 1 illustrates a number of building blocks, of which three are referenced 1, 2 and 3. In the layer of jofnting material such as to form a bed joint 4, this jointing material being piped under pressure through a piping nozzle to a thickness which is greater than the thickness of the ultimate bed joint 4. A fur¬ ther layer of building blocks has then been placed on the layer of jointing material and pressed down slight- ly, so that jointing material is squeezed out towards the front and rear sides of the wall structure being built and a certain amount of jointing material is squeezed-up into the spaces defined between pairs of mutually spaced blocks, such as the blocks 2 and 3. This quantity of jointing material squeezed from the bed joint into said space is referenced 5 in Figure 1 and has a profile which from a highest point thereon merges uniformly with the jointing material forming the bed joint 4. A further layer of jointing material 6 has ° then been applied to the upper layer of building blocks, incorporating the blocks 2 and 3, and the spaces bet¬ ween adjacent blocks has been filled to form heading joints, such as the heading joint 7. The bed-joint ma¬ terial and the heading-joint material has been applied through one and same piping nozzle, the nozzle orifice of which has the form of a slot whose width is slightly smaller than the width A of the building blocks, as illustrated in Figure 2. The front or head 8 of the jointing material piped between the building blocks 2 and 3 with the aid of the aforesaid nozzle has substan¬ tially the same profile or configuration as the ridge or bead-like profile 5 and consequently, when terminating the injection of joint material into the block-interspace forming the heading joint there is a serious risk that two through-passing channels 9 and 10 will be left un¬ filled in said joints, these channels allowing water to pass from the front side of the wall structure to the rear side thereof. The invention is aimed at interrupt¬ ing each such channel, by compressing the jointing ma- terial located within at least one region of a respec¬ tive channel when piping jointing material into the heading joint. To this end, the bed joint is piped onto the building blocks in the manner illustrated in Figure 3, which illustrates the building block 1 from one end 16 thereof (Figure 1) , such that the layer of jointing material (6 in Figure 1) obtains a profile exhibiting two mutually parallel ridges or beads 13, 14 of jointing material, these ridges either being separate from one another or, as shown in Figure 3, jointed together by means of a thin layer 15 of jointing material. When the building block 2 is pressed down on the jointing mate¬ rial forming the ultimate bed joint 4 in Figure 1 , sur¬ plus jointing material is forced up into the space pre¬ sented by two mutually adjacent blocks 2 and 3 in the aforedescribed manner. In this case, however, the ma- terial squee ed into the aforesaid interspace will not have the form of a continuous ridge 5 as in the Figure 1 illustration-, but will be divided into two mutually separate or at least substantially separate plugs 17 and 18 separated by an empty channel-shaped cavity 19 which extends from that part of respective plugs located within the space between the two building blocks 2 and 3 down into the jointing material forming the bed joint 4. When the pressurized jointing material is squeezed into the aforesaid interspace with the aid of a nozzle, jointing material will be forced to the very bottom of the channel 19, and the inner ends of the channels formed between the plugs 17 and 18 and the heading- joint material will therewith be blocked and the conti¬ nuity of the channels interrupted. Consequently, there is no risk of water penetrating through the wall struc¬ ture, and the acoustic insulation of a veneer " wall, the outer leaf of a cavity wall, or like structure, thus built will be superior to that achieved with a similar wall structure built in accordance with prior art masonry techniques. In the aforegoing the width A of the build¬ ing blocks is assumed to be relative small, therefore justifying the formation of solely two strings or beads 17, 18 of jointing material when forming the bed joints. In the case of building blocks of greater widths however, it may be justifiable to apply the bed-joint material in three or four mutually parallel strings se¬ parated in pairs by channels 19 which extend down into the bed-joint material.

Claims: C A I M S 1.- A method in the construction of a veneer wall, the outer leaf of a cavity wall, or a similar wall struc¬ ture comprising building blocks (1,2,3) bonded together by means of a jointing material applied to form heading joint (7) and bed joints (6), this jointing material being applied under pressure through a piping nozzle and the jointing material for each bed joint being applied at a thickness greater than the thickness of the ulti- mate bed joint, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by applying the jointing material intended to form a bed joint in a manner such that when seen transversely of the longitu¬ dinal direction of the wall structure the jointing material has a profile which exhibits two mutually parallel join- ting-material ridges (13,14) along both of the mutually distal sides of the wall structure. 2. A method according to Claim 1, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d by applying the jointing material in a manner such that the two jointing-material ridges (13,14) are connected to one another by means of a layer (15) of jointing material having a thickness or height smaller than the heighτ of the jointing-material ridges. 3. A method according to Claim 1, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d by applying the jointing material in a manner such that the two jointing-material ridges (13,14) form two mutually separate strings of jointing material. 4. A method according to any one of Claims 1-3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that one or more inter- mediate ridges of jointing material are applied bet- ween the two aforesaid jointing-material ridges. SUBSTITUTE SHEET <

Inventors: GAUFFIN ULF, GAUFFIN, ULF
Applicants: GAUFFIN ULF, GAUFFIN, ULF
Application year: 1986
Main classification: E04G21
IPC codes: E04G21