NEW TETRAPYRROLE POLYAMINOMONOCARBOXYLIC ACID THERAPEUTIC AGENTS

Abstract: This invention relates to new therapeutic compositions which are useful in photodiagnosis and phototherapy, especi­ ally in the detection and treatment of tumors and cancerous tissues in the human or animal body. The compounds of the present new therapeutic composition are mono-, di- or poly­ amides of an amino monocarboxylic acid and a tetrapyrrole containing at least one carboxyl group of the structure wherein Z is the aminomonocarboxylic acid residue less the amino group, X is the tetrapyrrole residue less the carboxy group, and "n" is an integer from 1 to 4 inclusive.

Description: This invention relates to new therapeutic compositions which are useful in photodiagnosis and phototherapy, especially in the detection and treatment of tumors and cancerous tissues in the human or animal body. It is known to irradiate tumors and cancerous tissues in the human body with intensive light following administration of a hematoporphyrin derivative in the wavelength range of 626 to 636 namometers to reduce and, at times, destroy the cancerous cells (see PCT published specification WO 83/00811). It is also known that porphyrins, especially the sodium salt of protoporphyrins, can maintain or promote the normal functions of cells and are useful for preventing the genesis, growth, metastasis, and relapse of malignant tumors. Japanese Published Patent Application No. 125737/76 describes the use of porphyrins as tumor inhibiting agents, exemplifying etioporphyrin, mesoporphyrin, protoporphyrin, deuteroporphyrin, hematoporphyrin, coproporphyrin, and uroporphyrin. In Tetrahedron Letters No. 23, pp. 2017 - 2020 (1978) describes an amino monocarboxylic acid adduct of the pigment bonellin obtained by extraction of principally the body wall of the marine echuroid B . viridis . The structure of these adducts is presumed to be an amide formed through either of the free carboxy groups of bonellin and the amino mono-carboxylic acid. Hydrolysis of the adduct yielded a mixture of valine, isoleucine, leucine and alloisoleucine. No use for these amino acid adducts is described in this reference. That the tetrapyrroles cause intense photosensitivity in animals in well known and has been documented in numerous articles in literature, e.g., J. Intr. Sci. Vitaminol, 27, 521-527 (1981); Agric. Biol. Chem., 46(9), 2183-2193 (1982); Chem. Abst. 98 , 276 (1983) and 88 6976m (1928). EP-A-0142732 describes pheophorbide derivatives and alkali metal salts thereof as useful compounds in cancer treatment. The therapeutic agents contemplated by this invention are cyclic tetrapyrroles derived by various procedures from naturally-occurring tetrapyrroles. The cyclic tetrapyrroles have as their common parent tetrapyrrole, uroporphyrinogen, and possess the following ring structure: in which the positions in the molecule are numbered 1-20, and the rings identified by letters A, B, C and D, and also include perhydro-, e.g., dihydro- and tetrahydro-, derivatives of the said ring structure, e.g., compounds in which one or more double bonds are absent. There are present in the ring system four pyrrole rings joined through the alpha positions of the respective pyrrole rings by a methine group, i.e., -CH=. The compounds of the present invention are designated as derivatives of the tetrapyrroles for convenience in the disclosure and the appended claims and it will be understood that the term "tetrapyrrole" will designated compounds of the characteristic ring structure designated hereinbefore as well as the corresponding perhydro derivatives. The tetrapyrroles employed in the present invention are all derived by various means and various alteration procedures from natural tetrapyroles. The naturally occurring tetrapyrroles have as their common ancestor uroporphyrinogen III, a hexahydroporphyrin reduced at the bridge positions. For example, synthetic or biosynthetic derivatives or products of protoporphyrins IX or protoporphyrinogen IX are well-known in the art (see, for example, Porphyrins and Metalloporphyrins, K. Smith Elsivier; The Porphyrins (Vols. 1-7) D. Dolphin, Academic Press; and Biosynthetic Pathways, Vol. III, Chapter by B. Burnham, editor D.M. Greenberg, Academic Press). The non-cyclic tetrapyrroles are commonly known as bile pigments and include, for example, bilirubin and biliverdin. These tetrapyrroles are also derived from protoporphyrin, e.g., as metabolic products in animals. A further characteristic of the present new therapeutic composition is the presence of at least one amide linkage in a substituent at any of the numbered positions of the ring structure. These are present in the instant new compounds together with other substituents as defined hereinafter. Subject matter of the present invention is therefore a therapeutic composition according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments of this composition are subject matter of claims 2 to 5. Further subject matter is the use according to claim 6. Thus, the present invention contemplates the therapeutic compositions containing amino acid or peptide derivatives of compounds which contain the chromophore of porphyrins, chlorins or bacteriochlorins, as well as related porphyrin compounds. The peptide linkage involves a carboxy group of the chromophore-bearing compound and the amino group of the specified amino acid. The present new therapeutic compositions embrace, inter alia , derivatives of the tetrapyrroles which contain a free carboxy group. These derivatives include the major classes of tetrapyrroles: carboxy-containing porphyrins, chlorins, and bacteriochlorins, which are well-known to those skilled in this art. The amino acid employed in the present invention to form the aforesaid peptide linkage are aminomonocarboxylic acids in which the amino group, of course, is located on a carbon atom of the monocarboxylic acid. The specific position of the amino group in the carbon atom chain is not critical, the only requirement that the amino group be available to form the requisite peptide linkage with the carboxyl group of the selected porphyrin. Thus, a variety of amino monocarboxylic acids are useful in the present invention, including serine, glycine, α-aminoalanine, β-aminoalanine, ε-amino-n-caproic acid, piperidine-2-carboxylic acid, piperidine-6-carboxylic acid, pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid, pyrrole-5-carboxylic acid, piperidine-6-propionic acid or pyrrole-5-acetic acid. These amino acids may be substituted with angular alkyl groups, such as methyl and ethyl groups, as well as other groups which do not adversely affect the capability of the amino group to form the peptide linkage, e.g., alkoxy groups, or acyloxy groups, and may also include additional amino groups. The preferred amino acids are the naturally occurring α-amino acids, serine, alanine, and glycine, which are readily available and up to the present, have provided the best results. Exemplary compounds of the tetrapyrrole classes are illustrated in Table I in which the numbered positions of the tetrapyrrole ring structure are used to designate the position of the indicated substituent. The absence of double bonds in the ring system is designated under "dihydro" with each set of numbers (ring position) indicating the absence of a double bond between the designated positions. The preferred tetrapyrrole carboxylic acids are those wherein at least three carboxylic acid groups are present in the tetrapyrrole, preferably asymmetrically attached to the porphyrin ring system, e.g., the carboxylic acid groups are present on the rings A and B side of the molecule or on the rings D and C side of the molecule. The particularly preferred therapeutic compositions comprise a fluorescent mono, di, or polyamide of an aminomonocarboxylic acid and a tetrapyrrole of the formula: wherein; X = H, vinyl, ethyl, acetyl or formyl; Y = methyl or formyl; M = methyl; and E = ethyl and pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof. The compounds of the therapeutic composition form salts with either acids or bases. The acid salts are particularly useful for purification and/or separation of the final amide products as are the salts formed with bases. The base salts, however, are particularly preferred for diagnostic and therapeutic use as hereindescribed. The acid salts are formed with a variety of acids such as the mineral acids, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, nitric and sulfuric acids, organic acids such as toluenesulfonic and benzenesulfonic acids. The base salts include, for example, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, triethylammonium, trimethylammonium, morpholine or piperidine salts. The acid and base salts are formed by the simple expediency of dissolving the selected amino acid tetrapyrrole amide in an aqueous solution of the acid or base and evaporation of the solution to dryness. The use of a water-miscible solvent for the amide can assist in dissolving the amide. The final amide products can also be converted to metal complexes for example by reaction with metal salts. The magnesium complexes may be useful for the same purpose as the adduct product. Other metal complexes, as well as the magnesium complex, including, for example, iron and zinc, are useful to preclude contamination during processing of the adduct product by metals such as nickel, cobalt and copper, which are difficult to remove. Zinc and magnesium are readily removed from the final adduct product after processing is completed. Since many of the aminomonocarboxylic acids exist in both the D- and L-forms, and also are employed in mixtures of these forms as well as the D,L-form, the selection of the starting amino acid will, of course, result in products in which the respective isomer or mixture of isomers exist. The present invention contemplates the use of all such isomers, but the L-form is particularly preferred. The present new compounds are prepared by the usual peptide synthetic routes which generally include any amide-forming reaction between the selected amino acid and the specific tetrapyrrole. Thus, any amide-forming derivative of the tetrapyrrole carboxylic acid can be employed in producing the present new peptides, e.g., lower alkyl esters, anhydrides and mixed anhydrides. The preferred preparative methods use mixed anhydrides of the carboxylic acid or carbodiimides. The reactants are merely contacted in a suitable solvent therefor and allowed to react. Temperatures up to the reflux temperature can be used, with the higher temperatures merely reducing the reaction time. However, excessively high temperatures are usually not preferred so as to avoid unwanted secondary reactions. The procedures for forming the instant peptides are well known in this art and are provided in detail in the accompanying examples. Since the selected tetrapyrrole contains more than one carboxyl group, mixtures of products can be formed in-including isomeric di- and even tri- or higher peptide products, depending on the number of carboxyl groups and depending on the selected stoichiometry. Thus, when equivalent mixtures of amino acid and tetrapyrrole are reacted, the product may contain some monopeptides, but also present will be di-or polypeptides. It is generally possible to separate the monopeptides and higher peptides using known chromatographic techniques. However, such separations are not necessary since the mixed peptides are usually comparable to the separated products in their ultimate use. Thus, mixtures of mono, di, and tri- peptides of the same tetrapyrrole can be used. Usually, unreacted tetrapyrrole is separated from the peptide products of the invention during purification as, for example, by chromatographic techniques. Photodiagnosis and Phototherapy The compositions of the present invention are useful for the photodiagnosis and phototherapy of tumor, cancer and malignant tissue (hereinafter referred to as "tumor"). When a man or animal having tumor is treated with doses of a compound of the present invention and when appropriate light rays or electromagnetic waves are applied, the compound emits light, i.e., fluorescence. Thereby the existence, position and size of tumor can be detected, i.e., photo-diagnosis. When the tumor is irradiated with light of proper wavelength and intensity, the compound is activated to exert a cell killing effect against the tumor. This is called "phototherapy". Compounds intended for photodiagnosis and phototherapy ideally should have the following properties: (a) non-toxic at normal therapeutic dosage unless and until activated by light; (b) should be selectively photoactive; (c) when light rays or electromagnetic waves are applied, they should emit characteristic and detectable fluorescence; (d) when irradiated with light rays or electromagnetic waves are applied, they are activated to an extent to exert a cell killing effect against tumor; and (e) easily metabolized or excreted after treatment. In accordance with testing up to the present, the present new compounds have the foregoing properties and are also characterized by reasonable solubility in saline at physiological pH. The compounds in the present composition possess greater fluorescence in tumors than do the corresponding basic tetrapyrroles. Their use provides the best contrast in tumors compared to normal tissue around the tumor. The instant compounds absorb activating energy for phototherapy in the convenient range of 600 to 800 nanometers, with the preferred compounds absorbing in the 620-760 nanometer range, i.e., light of longer wavelengths which more readily permits penetration of energy into the tumor for phototherapeutic purpose. In present experience, the present compounds more uniformly distribute throughout the tumor than the basic tetrapyrrole permitting the use of considerably lower dosage (to about 1/10th of the required normal dose of the basic tetrapyrrole) which lessens, if not eliminates, photosensitization in the host. They also possess a more consistent fluorescence whereas some of the corresponding tetrapyrroles show inconsistent fluorescence or the fluorescence varies from day to day in the host. A particularly advantageous property of the present compounds resides in the ease with which they are excreted by the host. Generally, within 48 to 72 hours of intravenous or intraperitoneal administration, there are little or no detectable amounts in normal muscle tissue. The present compounds which are excreted with their chromophore intact are recovered from the feces of the host within 48-72 hours of injection. Under equivalent circumstances, substantial amounts of the corresponding tetrapyrroles remain, as compared with only minor amounts of peptides formed with the aminocarboxylic acids remain in the host, e.g., up to about 20%. This property is extremely important in that it contributes to minimization of photosensitization of the host. The instant compositions can be used for diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of a broad range of tumors. Examples of tumors are gastric cancer, enteric cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, esophageal cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, pharyngeal cancer, sarcomas, hepatic cancer, cancer of the urinary bladder, cancer of the upper jaw, cancer of the bile duct, cancer of the tongue, cerebral tumor, skin cancer, malignant goiter, prostatic cancer, cancer of the parotid gland, Hodgkins's disease, multiple myeloma, renal cancer, leukemia; and malignant lymphocytoma. For diagnosis, the sole requirement is that the tumor be capable of selectivity fluorescing when exposed to proper light. For treatment, the tumor must be penetrable by the activation energy. For diagnosis, light of shorter wavelength is used whereas for therapeutic purposes light of longer wavelength is used to permit ready penetration of the tumor tissue. Thus, for diagnosis, light of from 360 - 760 nanometers can be used, and for treatment, from 620 - 760, depending on the individual characteristics of the tetrapyrrole. The absorption characteristics of the present new compounds are substantially the same as the tetrapyrrole from which derived. It is necessary that the light rays be so intense as to cause the compounds to emit fluorescence for diagnosis and to exert a cell killing effect for therapy. The source of irradiation for photodiagnosis and phototherapy is not restricted, however, but the laser beam is preferable because intensive light rays in a desired wavelength range can be selectively applied. For example, in photodiagnosis, the compound of the invention is administered to a human or animal body, and after a certain period of time, light rays are applied to the part to be examined. When an endoscope can be used for the affected part, such as lungs, gullet, stomach, womb, urinary bladder or rectum, it is irradiated using the endoscope, and the tumor portion selectively emits fluorescence. This portion is observed visually, or observed through an adapted fiber scope by eye or on a CRT screen. In phototherapy, after administration of the dosage, the irradiation is carried out by laser beams from the tip of quartz fibers. Besides the irradiation of the surface of tumor, the internal part of the tumor can be irradiated by inserting the tip of quartz fibers into the tumor. The irradiation can be visually observed or imaged on a CRT screen. For photodiagnosis, light of wavelengths between 360 and 760 nm. is suitable for activating the present tetrapyrrole compounds. Of course, each compound has a specific optimal wavelength of activation. A long wavelength ultraviolet lamp is particularly suitable for photodiagnosis. Similar methods for viewing of the treated tumor can be used as already described for phototherapy. The dosages of the present compositions will vary depending on the desired effect, whether for diagnosis or for treatment. For diagnosis, doses of as little as 1 mg /kg will be effective, and up to about 20 mg/kg can be used. For treatment, the dose will usually approximate about 0.5 mg/kg. Of course, the dosage for either diagnosis or treatment can be varied widely in view of aforesaid advantageous properties of the present compounds, e.g., the ease of elimination from the host, for one. The present compositions are apparently non-toxic at the dosage levels employed for diagnosis or treatment. No mortality of test animals due the present compounds has been noted in studies employing dosage levels up to 20 mg/kg. For both diagnosis and treatment, the present compositions can be administered by the oral, intravenous, or intramuscular routes. They can be formulated as lyophilized sterile, pyrogen-free compounds, preferably in the form of basic salts, e.g., sodium salt. The preferred dosage forms are provided as injectable solutions (isotonic). The irradiation source used in treatment of tumors containing compounds of this invention is a filtered, high-intensity, continuous source or pumped dye, or other laser and light delivery system, which is capable of performing within the following limits: power intensity 20-500 mw/cm² at wavelengths between 620 and 700 nm. and a total output of at least 500 mw. or greater. Several currently commercially available lasers meet these criteria. The tetrapyrroles can be prepared by various synthetic methods which are found in the literature, e.g., Pheophorbides Willstatter, R., Stoll, A.; Investigations on Chlorophyll , (Transl. Schertz, FM.M., Merz, A.R.) p. 249. Science Printing Press, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 1928. Pennington, F.C. Strain, H.H., Svec, W.A., Katz, J.J.; J. Amer. Chem. Soc. , 86, 1418 (1964). Chlorin e₆ Willstatter, R. Stoll, A.; Investigations on Chlorophyll , (Trans., Schertz, F.M., Merz, A.R.,) p. 176. Science Printing Press, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 1928. Willstatter, R., Isler, M.; Ann. Chem. , 390, 269 (1912). Fisher, H., Baumler, P.; Ann Chem. , 474, 65 (1929). Fisher, H., Siebel, H.; Ann. Chem. , 499, 84 (1932). Conant, J.B., Mayer, W.W.; J. Amer. Chem. Soc. , 52, 3013 (1930). Chlorin e₄ Fisher, H., Heckmaier, J., Plotz, E.; Justus Leibigs Ann. Chem. , 500, 215 (1933). Chlorin e₆, e₄, isochlorin e₄.. mesochlorin e₆, bacteriopheophorbide, bacteriochlorin e₆ Fischer and Orth, "Des Chemie des Pyrrole" Akademische Verlazscesellschaft, Leipzig, 1940, Vol. II, Part 2. General Reference for Porphyrins "Porphyrins and Metalloporphyrins" ed. Kevin M. Smith, Elsevier 1975 N.Y. The compositions of the present invention can be administered to the host in a variety of forms adapted to the chosen route of administration, i.e., orally, intravenously, intramuscularly or subcutaneous routes. The compositions may be orally administered, for example, with an inert diluent or with an assimilable edible carrier, or it may be enclosed in hard or soft shall gelatin capsule, or it may be compressed into tablets, or it may be incorporated directly with the food of the diet. For oral therapeutic administration, the compositions may be incorporated with excipients and used in the form of ingestible tablets, buccal tablets, troches, capsules, elexirs, suspensions, syrups or wafers. Such compositions and preparations should contain at least 0.1% of active compound. The percentage of the compositions and preparations may, of course, be varied and may conveniently be between about 2 to about 60% of the weight of the unit. The amount of active compound in such therapeutically useful compositions is such that a suitable dosage will be obtained. Preferred compositions or preparations according to the present invention are prepared so that an oral dosage unit form contains between about 50 and 300 mg of active compound. The tablets, troches, pills or capsules may also contain the following: A binder such as gum tragacanth, acacia, corn starch or gelatin; excipients such as dicalcium phosphate; a disintegrating agent such as corn starch, potato starch or alginic acid; a lubricant such as sucrose, lactose or saccharin may be added or a flavoring agent such as peppermint, oil of wintergreen, or cherry flavoring. When the dosage unit form is a capsule, it may contain, in addition to materials of the above type, a liquid carrier. Various other materials may be present as coatings or to otherwise modify the physical form of the dosage unit. For instance, tablets, pills, or capsules may be coated with shellac, sugar or both. A syrup or elixir may contain the compositions, sucrose as a sweetening agent, methyl and propylparabens as preservatives, a dye and flavoring such as cherry or orange flavor. Of course, any material used in preparing any dosage unit form should be pharmaceutically pure and substantially non-toxic in the amounts employed. In addition, the active compound may be incorporated into sustained-release preparations and formulations. The composition may also be administered parenterally or intraperitoneally. Solutions of the composition as a free base or pharmacologically acceptable salt can be prepared in water suitably mixed with a surfactant such as hydroxypropylcellulose. Dispersions can also be prepared in glycerol, liquid polyethylene glycols, and mixtures thereof and in oils. Under ordinary conditions of storage and use, these preparations contain a preservative to prevent the growth of microorganisms. The pharmaceutical forms suitable for injectable use include sterile aqueous solutions or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable solutions or dispersions. In all cases the form must be sterile and must be fluid to the extent that easy syringability exists. It must be stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage and must be preserved against the contaminating action of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. The carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (for example, glycerol, propylene glycol or liquid polyethylene glycol), suitable mixtures thereof, and vegetable oils. The proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, by the use of a coating such as lecithin, by the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersion and by the use of surfactants. The prevention of the action of microorganisms can be brought about by various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, sorbic acid or thimerosal. In many cases, it will be preferable to include isotonic agents, for example, sugars or sodium chloride. Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions can be brought about by the use in the compositions of agents delaying absorption, for example, aluminum monostearate and gelatin. Sterile injectable solutions are prepared by incorporating the composition in the required amount in the appropriate solvent with various of the other ingredients enumerated above, as required, followed by filtered sterilization. Generally, dispersions are prepared by incorporating the various sterilized active ingredient into a sterile vehicle which contains the basic dispersion medium and the required other ingredients from those enumerated above. In the case of sterile powders for the preparation of sterile injectable solutions, the preferred methods of preparation are vacuum drying and the freeze-drying technique which yield a powder of the active ingredient plus any additional desired ingredient from previously sterile-filtered solution thereof. The present new compositions may also be applied directly to tumors, whether internal or external, in the host in topical compositions. Exemplary compositions include solutions of the new compounds in solvents, particularly aqueous solvents, most preferably water. Alternatively, for topical application particularly to skin tumors, the present new compounds may be dispersed in the usual cream or salve-formulations commonly used for this purpose or may be provided in the form of spray solutions or suspensions which may include a propellant usually employed in aerosol preparations. As used herein, "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier" includes any and all solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents or isotonic and absorption delaying agents. The use of such media and agents for pharmaceutical active substances is well known in the art. Except insofar as any conventional media or agent is incompatible with the active ingredient, its use in the therapeutic compositions is contemplated. Supplementary active ingredients can also be incorporated into the compositions. It is especially advantageous to formulate parenteral compositions in dosage unit form for ease of administration and uniformity of dosage. Dosage unit form as used herein refers to physically discrete units suited as unitary dosages for the mammalian subjects to be treated; each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active material calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier. The specification for the novel dosage unit forms of the invention are dictated by and directly dependent on (a) the unique characteristics of the active material and the particular therapeutic effect to be achieved, and (b) the limitations inherent in the art of compounding such an active material for the treatment of tumors in living subjects. The following examples further illustrate the invention. Mono-, di and Triamides : EXAMPLE 1 Di and mono(DL) serinyl mesoporphyrin IX (mixed anhydrides method) 400 mg (0.0007 moles) of mesoporphyrin IX were suspended in 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF). 360 µl (0.0035 moles) of triethylamine were added with stirring. After 10 minutes, 340 µl (0.0031 moles) ethyl chloroformate were added. After stirring 10 minutes, 10 ml (0.01 moles) of 1 M KOH containing 761 mg (0.0072 moles) of DL serine were added to the THF solution. This mixture was stirred 60 minutes at room temperature. The organic solvent was flashed off and the reaction mixture was checked by silica TLC for product. Benzene/methanol/88% formic acid (8.5/1.5/0.13) was used to develop the chromatrogram. After checking for product, the solution was adjusted to pH 7.5-8.0 and placed on a reverse phase (C-18 silica) column 2.5 × 30 cm. The reaction mixture was resolved using a linear gradient of 20-70% methanol in 0.01 M KPO₄ buffer pH 6.85 (1 liter total volume). The column effluent was collected via fraction collector and the tube contents were pooled according to individual components. The order of elution was di-DL-serinyl mesoporphyrin IX, mono-DL-serinyl mesoporphyrin IX and unsubstituted mesoporphyrin IX. The methanol was flashed off and the material was precipitated at pH 2.5-3.0. The ppt. was washed 3 times with dilute acetic acid in water. The product was dried under vacuum. The yield of di (DL) serinyl mesoporphyrin IX was 95.6 mg. EXAMPLE 2 Di and mono glycyl mesoporphyrin IX (mixed anhydride method) 100 mg (0.000175 moles) of mesoporphyrin IX were suspended in 100 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF). 360 µl (0.0035 moles) of triethylamine were added with stirring. After 10 minutes, 340 µl (0.0031 moles) of ethylchloroformate were added. After stirring 10 minutes, 10 ml (0.01 moles) of 1 M KOH containing 500 mg (0.0066 moles) of glycine were added to the THF solution. This mixture was stirred 60 minutes at room temperature. The organic solvent was flashed off and the reaction mixture was checked by silica TLC for product. Benzene/methanol/88% formic acid (8.5/1.5/0/13) was used to develop the chromatogram. After checking for product, the solution was adjusted to pH 7.5-8.0 and placed on a reverse phase (C-18 silica) column 2.5 × 30 cm. The reaction mixture was resolved using a linear gradient of zero to 50% methanol in 0.01 M KPO₄ buffer pH 6.85 (1 ℓ total volume). The column effluent was collected in a fraction collector and the contents were sorted according to individual components. The order of elution was diglycyl mesoporphyrin IX, monoglycyl mesoporphyrin IX and unsubstituted mesoporphyrin IX. The methanol was flashed off and the material was precipitated at pH 2.5-3.0. The ppt. was washed 3 times with dilute acetic acid in water. The product was dried under vacuum. EXAMPLE 3 Di and Mono α DL) alanyl mesoporphyrin IX (mixed anhydride method) 100 mg (0.000175 moles) of mesoporphyrin IX were suspended in 100 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF). 210 µl (0.002 moles) of triethylamine were added with stirring. After 10 minutes 195 µl (0.00177 moles) of ethylchloroformate were added. After stirring 10 minutes, 10 ml (0.01 moles) of 1 M KOH containing 500 mg (0.0056 moles) of α (DL) alanine were added to the THF solution. This mixture was stirred 60 minutes at room temperature. The organic solvent was flashed off and the reaction mixture was checked by silica TLC for product. Benzene/methanol/88% formic acid (8.5/1.5/0.13) was used to develop the chromatogram. After checking for product, the solution was adjusted to pH 7.5-8.0 and placed on a reverse phase (C-18 silica) column 2.5 × 30 cm. The reaction mixture was resolved using a linear gradient of 20-70% methanol in 0.01 M KPO₄ buffer pH 6.85 (1 ℓ total volume). The column effluent was collected via fraction collection and the tube contents were sorted according to individual components. The order of elution was di-α(DL) alanyl mesoporphyrin IX, mono- α(DL)-alanyl mesoporphyrin IX and unsubstituted mesoporphyrin IX. The methanol was flashed off and the material was precipitated at pH 2.5-3.0. The ppt. was washed 3 times with dilute acetic acid in water. The product was dried under vacuum. EXAMPLE 4 Di and mono β alanyl mesoporphyrin IX (mixed anhydride method) 400 mg (0.0007 moles) of mesoporphyrin IX were suspended in 100 ml of tetrahydrafuran (THF). 360 µl (0.0035 moles) of triethylamine were added with stirring. After 10 minutes, 340 µl (0.0031 moles) ethyl chloroformate were added. After stirring 10 minutes, 10 ml (0.01 moles) of 1 M KOH containing 400 mg (0.0044 moles) of β alanine were added to the THF solution. This mixture was stirred 60 minutes at room temperature. The organic solvent was flashed off and the reaction mixture was checked by silica TLC for product. Benzene/methanol/88% formic acid (8.5/1,5/0.13) was used to develop the chromatogram. After checking for product, the solution was adjusted to pH 7.5-8.0 and placed on a reverse phase (C-18 silica) column 2.5 × 30 cm. The reaction mixture was resolved using a linear gradient of 40-50% methanol in 0.01 M KPO₄ buffer pH 6.85 (1 ℓ total volume). The column effluent was collected via fraction collector and the tube contents were pooled according to individual components. The order of elution was di-β-alanyl mesoporphyrin IX, mono-β-alanyl mesoporphyrin IX, and unsubstituted mesoporphyrin IX. The methanol was flashed off and the material was precipitated at pH 2.5-3.0. The ppt. was washed 3 times with dilute acetic acid in water. The product was dried under vacuum. The yield for di-β-alanyl mesoporphyrin IX was 40 mg: the yield for mono-β-alanyl mesoporphyrin IX was 23 mg. EXAMPLE 5 Di and mono ε amino-n-caproyl mesoporphyrin IX (mixed anhydride method) 400mg (0.0007 moles) of mesoporphyrin IX were suspended in 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF). 360 µl (0.0035 moles) of triethylamine were added with stirring. After 10 minutes, 340 µl (0.0031 moles) of ethylchloroformate were added. After stirring 10 minutes, 10 ml (0.01 moles) of 1 M KOH containing 543 mg (0.00414 moles) of ε-amino-n-caproic acid were added to the THF solution. This mixture was stirred 60 minutes at room temperature. The organic solvent was flashed off and the reaction mixture was checked by silica TLC for product. Benzene/methanol/88% formic acid (8.5/1.5/0.13) was used to develop the chromatogram. After checking for product, the solution was adjusted to pH 7.5-8.0 and placed on a reverse phase (C-18 silica) column 2.5×30 cm. The reaction mixture was resolved using a linear gradient of 20-70% methanol in 0.01 M KPO₄ buffer pH 6.85 (1 ℓ total volume). The column effluent was collected via fraction collector and the tube contents were pooled according to individual components. The order of elution was di-ε-amino-n-caproyl mesoporphyrin IX, mono-ε-amino-n-caproyl mesoporphyrin IX, and unsubstituted mesoporphyrin IX. The methanol was flashed off and the material was precipitated at pH 2.5-3.0. The ppt. was washed three times with dilute acetic acid in water. The product was dried under vacuum. The yield of di-ε-amino-n-caproyl mesoporphyrin IX was 237 mg. EXAMPLE 6 Di and mono- β -alanyl hematoporphyrin IX (mixed anhydride method) 400 mg (0.00059 moles of hematoporphyrin IX dihydrochloride were suspended in 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF). 360µl (0.0035 moles) of triethylamine were added with stirring. After 10 minutes, 340µl (0.0031 moles) of ethyl chloroformate were added. After stirring 10 minutes, 10 ml (0.01 moles) of 1M KOH containing 400 mg (0.0044 moles) of β alanine were added to the THF solution. This mixture was stirred 60 minutes at room temperature. The organic solvent was removed by flash evaportaion, keeping the temperature below 50°C. The reaction mixture was checked for product by silica TLC using Benzene/methanol/88% formic acid (8.5/1.5/0.13) as solvent to develop the chromatogram. The solution was adjusted to pH 7.5-8.0 with HCl and placed on a reverse phase (C-18 silica) column 2.5 × 30 cm. The mixture was resolved using a linear gradient of 40-80% methanol in 0.01M KPO₄ buffer pH 6.85 (1 liter total volume). The individual components were collected as they came off the column in the order di-β-alanyl hematoporphyrin IX, mono-β-alanyl hematoporphyrin IX and hematoporphyrin IX. The methanol was removed from each component by flash evaporation and the material was precipitated by adjusting the pH to 2.5 - 3.0 using HCl. The precipitate was washed three times with dilute acetic acid in water at the centrifuge and the products dried under vacuum. The yield of di-β-alanyl hematoporphyrin IX was 52mg and of mono-β-alanyl hematoporphyrin was 30 mg. EXAMPLE 7 650 mg of chlorin e₆ were dissolved in 30 ml of dimethylformide (DMF). 227 µl (0.002 moles) of triethylamine were added to the DMF solution. After stirring for five minutes, 201 µl (0.002 moles) of ethyl chloroformate were added and stirring was continued for an additional 30 minutes. 0.95 g (0.009 moles) of L-α-serine were added to the DMF solution and allowed to stir for one hour at 50-60°C. The DMF solution was checked for product formation by reverse phase (C-18 silica) TLC using methanol/0.01 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.85, (7.0/3.0) to develop the chromatogram. The DMF solution was flash evaporated to near dryness and the reaction mixture was then taken up in dilute NaOH and the pH was adjusted to 2.5-3.0 to precipitate out the mixture. The precipitate was then centrifuged down and washed twice with diluted acetic acid in water. The precipitate was then centrifuged down and washed twice with diluted acetic acid in water. The precipitate was then redissolved in dilute NaOH and the pH adjusted to 7.0. This was applied to a reverse phase (C-18 silica) column 3.7 cm × 45 cm. The product was eluted from the column with a solution of 0.01.M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.85/methanol (7.0/3.0). Fractions were collected and the fractions of pure di-L-α-serinyl chlorin e₆ were pooled. The methanol was flashed off and the product was precipitated at pH 2.5-3.0. The precipitate was centrifuged down, washed three times with dilute acetic acid, and dried under vacuum. The yield was 200 mg of di-L-α-serinyl chlorin e₆ . Utilizing the aforementioned carbodiimide or the mixed anhydride methods, the following preferred compounds of this invention can be synthesized: Chlorin Derivatives Di - (DL)-serinyl-trans-mesochlorin IX Di - glycyl-trans-mesochlorin IX Di -α-(DL)-alanyl-trans-mesochlorin IX Di -β-alanyl-trans-mesochlorin IX Di -ε-amino-n-caproyl-mesochlorin IX Di, tri- (D,L)-serinyl chlorin e₆ Di, tri- (D,L)-serinyl mesochlorin e₆ Di, tri- glycyl chlorin e₆ Di, tri- glycyl mesochlorin e₆ Di, tri-α-(D,L)-alanyl chlorin e₆ Di, tri-α-(D,L)-alanyl mesochlorin e₆ Di, tri-β-alanyl chlorin e₆ Di, tri-β-alanyl mesochlorin e₆ Di, tri-ε-amino-n-caproyl chlorin e₆ Di, tri-ε-amino-n-caproyl mesochlorin e₆ Di- (D,L)-serinyl chlorin e₄ Di- (D,L)-serinyl mesochlorin e₄ Di- (D,L)-serinyl isochlorin e₄ Di- (D,L)-serinyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di- glycyl chlorin e₄ Di- glycyl mesochlorin e₄ Di- glycyl isochlorin e₄ Di- glycyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-α-(DL)-alanyl chlorin e₄ Di-α-(DL)-alanyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-α-(DL)-alanyl isochlorin e₄ Di-α-(DL)-alanyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-β-alanyl chlorin e₄ Di-β-alanyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-β-alanyl isochlorin e₄ Di-β-alanyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-ε-amino-n-caproyl chlorin e₄ Di-ε-amino-n-caproyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-ε-amino-n-caproyl isochlorin e₄ Di-ε-amino-n-caproyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di- (D,L)-serinylphotoprotoporphyrin IX Di- glycylphotoprotoporphyrin IX Di-α-(D,L)-alanylphotoprotoporphyrin IX Di-β-alanylphotoprotoporphyrin IX Di-ε-amino-n-caproylphotoprotoporphyrin IX Porphyrin Derivatives Di- (D,L)-serinylmesoporphyrin IX Di- glycylmesoporphyrin IX Di-α-(DL)-alanylmesoporphyrin IX Di-β-alanylmesoporphyrin IX Di-ε-amino-n-caproylmesoporphyrin IX Di-(D,L)-serinylprotoporphyrin IX Di-glycylprotoporphyrin IX Di-α-(D,L)-alanylprotoporphyrin IX Di-β-alanylprotoporphyrin IX Di-ε-amino-n-caproylprotoporphyrin IX Di-(D,L)-serinyldeuteroporphyrin IX Di-glycyldeuteroporphyrin IX Di-α-(D,L)-alanyldeuteroporphyrin IX Di-β-alanyldeuteroporphyrin IX Di-ε-amino-n-caproyldeuteroporphyrin IX Di, tri, tetra- (D,L)-serinylcoproporphyin III Di, tri, tetra- glycylcoproporphyrin III Di, tri, tetra-α-(D,L)-alanylcoproporphyrin III Di, tri, tetra-β-alanylcoproporphyrin III Di, tri, tetra-ε-amino-n-caproylcoproporphyrin III Di-(D,L)-serinylhematoporphyrin IX Di-glycylhematoporphyrin IX Di-α-(D,L)-alanylhematoporphyrin IX Di-β-alanylhematoporphyrin IX Di-ε-amino-n-caproylhematoporphyrin IX Bacteriochlorin Derivatives Di-(D,L)-serinylbacteriochlorin e₄ Di-glycylbacteriochlorin e₄ Di-α-(DL)-alanylbacteriochlorin e₄ Di-β-alanylbacteriochlorin e₄ Di-ε-amino-n-caproylbacteriochlorin e₄ Di-(D,L)-serinylbacterioisochlorin e₄ Di-glycylbacterioisochlorin e₄ Di-α-(D,L)-alanylbacterioisochlorin e₄ Di-β-alanylbacterioisochlorin e₄ Di-ε-amino-n-caproylbacterioisochlorin e₄ Di, tri- (D,L)-serinylbacteriochlorin e₆ Di, tri- glycylbacteriochlorin e₆ Di, tri-α-(D,L)-alanylbacteriochlorin e₆ Di, tri-β-alanylbacteriochlorin e₆ Di, tri-ε-amino-n-caproylbacteriochlorin e₆ Similarly, by utilizing other amino acids, peptides which further illustrate embodiments of, but do not limit the present invention, can be employed: Di-threoninyl trans-mesochlorin IX Di,tri-threoninyl chlorin e₆ Di,tri-threoninyl mesochlorin e₆ Di-threoninyl chlorin e₄ Di-threoninyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-threoninyl isochlorin e₄ Di-threoninyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-threoninyl photoprotoporphyrin IX Di-threoninyl mesoporphyrin IX Di-threoninyl protoporphyrin IX Di-threoninyl deuteroporphyrin IX Di,tri,tetra-threoninyl coproporphyrin III Di-threoninyl hematoporphyrin IX Di-threoninyl bacteriochlorin e₄ Di-threoninyl bacterioisochlorin e₄ Di,tri-threoninyl bacteriochlorin e₆ Di-cysteinyl trans-mesochlorin IX Di,tri-cysteinyl chlorin e₆ Di,tri-cysteinyl mesochlorin e₆ Di-cysteinyl chlorin e₄ Di-cysteinyl isochlorin e₄ Di-cysteinyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-cysteinyl photoprotoporphyrin IX Di-cysteinyl mesoporphyrin IX Di-cysteinyl protoporphyrin IX Di-cysteinyl deuteroporphyrin IX Di,tri,tetra-cysteinyl-coproporphyrin III Di-cysteinyl hematoporphyrin IX Di-cysteinyl bacteriochlorin e₄ Di-cysteinyl bacterioisochlorin e₄ Di, tri-cysteinyl bacteriochlorin e₆ Di-tyrosyl trans-mesochlorin IX Di, tri-tyrosyl chlorin e₆ Di,tri-tyrosyl mesochlorin e₆ Di-tyrosyl chlorin e₄ Di-tyrosyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-tyrosyl isochlorin e₄ Di-tyrosyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-tyrosyl photoprotoporphryin IX Di-tyrosyl mesoporphyrin IX Di-tyrosyl protoporphyrin IX Di-tyrosyl deuteroporphyrin IX Di,tri,tetra-tyrosyl coproporphyrin III Di-tyrosyl hematoporphryin IX Di-tyrosyl bacteriochlorin e₄ Di-tyrosyl bacterioisochlorin e₄ Di,tri-tyrosyl bacteriochlorin e₆ Di-valyl trans-mesochlorin IX Di,tri-valyl chlorin e₆ Di,tri-valyl mesochlorin e₆ Di-valyl chlorin e₄ Di-valyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-valyl isochlorin e₄ Di-valyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-valyl photoprotoporphyrin IX Di-valyl mesoporphyrin IX Di-valyl protoporphyrin IX Di-valyl deuteroporphyrin IX Di,tri,tetra-valyl coproporphyrin III Di-valyl hematoporphyrin IX Di-valyl bacteriochlorin e₄ Di-valyl bacterioisochlorin e₄ Di,tri-valyl bacteriochlorin e₆ Di-leucyl trans-mesochlorin IX Di,tri-leucyl chlorin e₆ Di,tri-leucyl mesochlorin e₆ Di-leucyl chlorin e₄ Di-leucyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-leucyl isochlorin e₄ Di-leucyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-leucyl photoprotoporphyrin IX Di-leucyl mesoporphyrin IX Di-leucyl protoporphyrin IX Di-leucyl deuteroporphyrin IX Di,tri,tetra-leucyl coproporphyrin III Di-leucyl hematoporphyrin IX Di-leucyl bacteriochlorin e₄ Di-leucyl bacterioisochlorin e₄ Di,tri-leucyl bacteriochlorin e₆ Di-isoleucyl trans-mesochlorin IX Di,tri-isoleucyl chlorin e₆ Di,tri-isoleucyl mesochlorin e₆ Di-isoleucyl chlorin e₄ Di-isoleucyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-isoleucyl isochlorin e₄ Di-isoleucyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-isoleucyl photoprotoporphyrin IX Di-isoleucyl mesoporphyrin IX Di-isoleucyl protoporphyrin IX Di-isoleucyl deuteroporphyrin IX Di,tri,tetra-isoleucyl coproporphyrin III Di-isoleucyl hematoporphyrin IX Di-isoleucyl bacteriochlorin e₄ Di-isoleucyl bacterioisochlorin e₄ Di,tri-isoleucyl bacteriochlorin e₆ Di-prolyl trans-mesochlorin IX Di,tri-prolyl chlorin e₆ Di,tri-prolyl mesochlorin e₆ Di-prolyl chlorin e₄ Di-prolyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-prolyl isochlorin e₄ Di-prolyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-prolyl photoprotoporphyrin IX Di-prolyl mesoporphryin IX Di-prolyl protoporphyrin IX Di-prolyl deuteroporphyrin IX Di,tri,tetra-prolyl coproporphyrin III Di-prolyl hematoporphyrin IX Di-prolyl bacteriochlorin e₄ Di-prolyl bacteriiosochlorin e₄ Di,tri-prolyl bacteriochlorin e₆ Di-phenylalanyl trans-mesochlorin IX Di,tri-phenylalanyl chlorin e₆ Di,tri-phenylalanyl mesochlorin e₆ Di-phenylalanyl chlorin e₄ Di-phenylalanyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-phenylalanyl isochlorin e₄ Di-phenylalanyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-phenylalanyl photoprotoporphyrin IX Di-phenylalanyl mesoporphyrin IX Di-phenylalanyl protoporphyrin IX Di-phenylalanyl deuteroporphyrin IX Di,tri,tetra-phenylalanyl coproporphyrin III Di-phenylalanyl hematoporphyrin IX Di-phenylalanyl bacteriochlorin e₄ Di-phenylalanyl bacterioisochlorin e₄ Di,tri-phenylalanyl bacteriochlorin e₆ Di-tryptophyl trans-mesochlorin IX Di,tri-tryptophyl chlorin e₆ Di,tri-tryptophyl mesochlorin e₆ Di-tryptophyl chlorin e₄ Di-tryptophyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-tryptophyl isochlorin e₄ Di-tryptophyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-tryptophyl photoprotoporphyrin IX Di-tryptophyl mesoporphyrin IX Di-tryptophyl protoporphyrin IX Di-tryptophyl deuteroporphyrin IX Di,tri,tetra-tryptophyl coproporphyrin III Di-tryptophyl hematoporphyrin IX Di-tryptophyl bacteriochlorin e₄ Di-tryptophyl bacterioisochlorin e₄ Di,tri-tryptophyl bacteriochlorin e₆ Di-methionyl trans-mesochlorin IX Di,tri-methionyl chlorin e₆ Di,tri-methionyl mesochlorin e₆ Di-methionyl chlorin e₄ Di-methionyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-methionyl isochlorin e₄ Di-methionyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-methionyl photoprotoporphyrin IX Di-methionyl mesoporphyrin IX Di-methionyl protoporphyrin IX Di-methionyl deuteroporphyrin IX Di,tri,tetra-methionyl coproporphyrin III Di-methionyl hematoporphyrin IX Di-methionyl bacteriochlorin e₄ Di-methionyl bacterioisochlorin e₄ Di,tri-methionyl bacteriochlorin e₆ Di-histidyl trans-mesochlorin IX Di,tri-histidyl Chlorin e₆ Di,tri-histidyl mesochlorin e₆ Di-histidyl chlorin e₄ Di-histidyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-histidyl isochlorin e₄ Di-histidyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-histidyl photoprotoporphyrin IX Di-histidyl mesoporphyrin IX Di-histidyl protoporphyrin IX Di-histidyl deuteroporphyrin IX Di tri,tetra-histidyl coproporphyrin III Di-histidyl hematoporphyrin IX Di-histidyl bacteriochlorin e₄ Di-histidyl bacterioisochlorin e₄ Di,tri-histidyl bacteriochlorin e₆ Di-arginyl trans-mesochlorin IX Di,tri-arginyl chlorin e₆ Di,tri-arginyl mesochlorin e₆ Di-arginyl chlorin e₄ Di-arginyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-arginyl isochlorin e₄ Di-arginyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-arginyl photoprotoporphyrin IX Di-arginyl mesoporphryin IX Di-arginyl protoporphyrin IX Di-arginyl deuteroporphyrin IX Di,tri,tetra-arginyl coproporphyrin III Di-arginyl hematoporphyrin IX Di-arginyl bacteriochlorin e₄ Di-arginyl bacterioisochlorin e₄ Di,tri-arginyl bacteriochlorin e₆ Di-lysyl trans-mesochlorin IX Di,tri-lysyl chlorin e₆ Di,tri-lysyl mesochlorin e₆ Di-lysyl chlorin e₄ Di-lysyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-lysyl isochlorin e₄ Di-lysyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-lysyl photoprotoporphyrin IX Di-lysyl mesoporphyrin IX Di-lysyl protoporphyrin IX Di-lysyl deuteroporphyrin IX Di,tri,tetra-lysyl coproporphyrin III Di-lysyl hematoporphyrin IX Di-lysyl bacteriochlorin e₄ Di-lysyl bacterioisochlorin e₄ Di,tri-lysyl bacteriochlorin e₆ Di-glutaminyl trans-mesochlorin IX Di,tri-glutaminyl chlorin e₆ Di,tri-glutaminyl mesochlorin e₆ Di-glutaminyl chlorin e₄ Di-glutaminyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-glutaminyl isochlorin e₄ Di-glutaminyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-glutaminyl photoprotoporphyrin IX Di-glutaminyl mesoporphyrin IX Di-glutaminyl protoporphyrin IX Di-glutaminyl deuteroporphyrin IX Di,tri,tetra-glutaminyl coproporphyrin III Di-glutaminyl hematoporphyrin IX Di-glutaminyl bacteriochlorin e₄ Di-glutaminyl bacterioisochlorin e₄ Di,tri-glutaminyl bacteriochlorin e₆ Di-asparginyl trans-mesochlorin IX Di,tri-asparginyl chlorin e₆ Di,tri-asparginyl mesochlorin e₆ Di-asparginyl chlorin e₄ Di-asparginyl mesochlorin e₄ Di-asparginyl isochlorin e₄ Di-asparginyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Di-asparginyl photoprotoporphyrin IX Di-asparginyl mesoporphyrin IX Di-asparginyl protoporphyrin IX Di-asparginyl deuteroporphyrin IX Di,tri,tetra-asparginyl coproporphyrin III Di-asparginyl hematoporphyrin IX Di-asparginyl bacteriochlorin e₄ Di-asparginyl bacterioisochlorin e₄ Di,tri-asparginyl bacteriochlorin e₆ Monoamides EXAMPLE 8 Mono (DL) serinyl mesoporphyrin IX (mixed anhydride method) 400 mg (0.0007 moles) of mesoporphyrin IX were suspended in 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF). 360 µl (0.0035 moles) of triethylamine were added with stirring. After 10 minutes, 340 µl (0.0031 moles) ethyl chloroformate were added. After stirring 10 minutes, 10 ml (0.01 moles) of 1 M KOH containing 761 mg (0.0072 moles) of DL serine were added to the THF solution. This mixture was stirred 60 minutes at room temperature. The organic solvent was flashed off and the reaction mixture was checked by silica TLC for product. Benzene/methanol/88% formic acid (8.5/1.5/0.13) was used to develop the chromatrogram. After checking for product, the solution was adjusted to pH 7.5-8.0 and placed on a reverse phase (C-18 silica) column 2.5 × 30 cm. The reaction mixture was resolved using a linear gradient of 20-70% methanol in 0.01 M KPO₄ buffer pH 6.85 (1 liter total volume). The column effluent was collected via fraction collector and the tube contents were pooled according to individual components. The order of elution was diserinyl mesoporphyrin IX, monoserinyl mesoporphyrin IX and unsubstituted mesoporphyrin IX. The methanol was flashed off and the material was precipitated at pH 2.5-3.0. The ppt. was washed 3 times with dilute acetic acid in water. The product was dried under vacuum. Example 9 Mono glycyl mesoporphyrin IX (mixed anhydride method) 100 mg (0.000175 moles) of mesoporphyrin IX were suspended in 100 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF). 360 µl (0.0035 moles) of triethylamine were added with stirring. After 10 minutes, 340 µl (0.0031 moles) of ethylchloroformate were added. After stirring 10 minutes, 10 ml (0.01 moles) of 1 M KOH containing 500 mg (0.0066 moles) of glycine were added to the THF solution. This mixture was stirred 60 minutes at room temperature. The organic solvent was flashed off and the reaction mixture was checked silica TLC for product. Benzene/methanol/88% formic acid (8.5/1.5/0/13) was used to develop the chromatogram. After checking for product, the solution was adjusted to pH 7.5-8.0 and placed on a reverse phase (C-18 silica) column 2.5 × 30 cm. The reaction mixture was resolved using a linear gradient of zero to 50% methanol in 0.01 M KPO₄ buffer pH 6.85 (1ℓ total volume). The column effluent was collected in a fraction co-lector and the contents were sorted according to individual components. The order of elution was diglycyl mesoporphyrin IX, monoglycyl mesoporphyrin IX and unsubstituted mesoporphyrin IX. The methanol was flashed off and the material was precipitated at pH 2.5-3.0. The ppt. was washed 3 times with dilute acetic acid in water. The product was dried under vacuum. EXAMPLE 10 Mono α (DL) alanyl mesoporphyrin IX (Mixed anhydride method) 100 mg (0.000175 moles) of mesoporphyrin IX were suspended in 100 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF). 210 µl (0.002 moles) of triethylamine were added with stirring. After 10 minutes 195 µl (0.00177 moles) of ethylchloroformate were added. After stirring 10 minutes, 10 ml (0.01 moles) of 1 M KOH containing 500 mg (0.0056 moles) of α(DL) alanine were added to the THF solution. This mixture was stirred 60 minutes at room temperature. The organic solvent was flashed off and the reaction mixture was checked by silica TLC for product. Benzene/methanol/88% formic acid (8.5/1.5/0.13) was used to develop the chromatogram. After checking for product, the solution was adjusted to pH 7.5-8.0 and placed on a reverse phase (C-18 silica) column 2.5 × 30 cm. The reaction mixture was resolved using a linear gradient of 20-70% methanol in 0.01 M KPO₄ buffer pH 6.85 (1 ℓ total volume). The column effluent was collected via fraction collection and the tube contents were sorted according to individual components. The order of elution was di-α(DL) alanyl mesoporphyrin IX, mono- α(DL)-alanyl mesoporphyrin IX and unsubstituted mesoporphyrin IX. The methanol was flashed off and the material was precipitated at pH 2.5-3.0. The ppt. was washed 3 times with dilute acetic acid in water. The product was dried under vacuum. EXAMPLE 11 Mono β alanyl mesoporphyrin IX (mixed anhydride method) 400 mg (0.0007 moles) of mesoporphyrin IX were suspended in 100 ml of tetrahydrafuran (THF). 360 µl (0.0035 moles) of triethylamine were added with stirring. After 10 minutes, 340 µl (0.0031 moles) ethyl chloroformate were added. After stirring 10 minutes, 10 ml (0.01) moles) of 1 M KOH containing 400 mg (0.0044 moles) of β alanine were added to the THF solution. This mixture was stirred 60 minutes at room temperature. The organic solvent was flashed off and the reaction mixture was checked by silica TLC for product. Benzene/methanol/88% formic acid (8.5/1,5/0.13) was used to develop the chromatogram. After checking for product, the solution was adjusted to pH 7.5-8.0 and placed on a reverse phase (C-18 silica) column 2.5 × 30 cm. The reaction mixture was resolved using a linear gradient of 40-80% methanol in 0.01 M KPO₄ buffer pH 6.85 (1 ℓ total volume). The column effluent was collected via fraction collector and the tube contents were pooled according to individual components. The order of elution was di-β-alanyl mesoporphyrin IX, mono-β-alanyl mesoporphyrin IX, and unsubstituted mesoporphyrin IX. The methanol was flashed off and the material was precipitated at pH 2.5-3.0. The ppt. was washed 3 times with dilute acetic acid in water. The product was dried under vacuum. The yield for mono-β-alanyl mesoporphyrin IX was 23 mg. EXAMPLE 12 Mono ε amino-n-caproyl mesoporphyrin IX (mixed anhydride method, 400mg (0.0007 moles) of mesoporphyrin IX were suspended in 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF). 360 µl (0.0035 moles) of triethylamine were added with stirring. After 10 minutes, 340 µl (0.00414 moles) of ethylchloroformate were added. After stirring 10 minutes, 10 ml (0.01 moles) of 1 M KOH containing 543 mg (0.00369 moles) of ε-amino-n-caproic acid were added to the THF solution. This mixture was stirred 60 minutes at room temperature. The organic solvent was flashed off and the reaction mixture was checked by silica TLC for product. Benzene/methanol/88% formic acid (8.5/1.5/0.13) was used to develop the chromatogram. After checking for product, the solution was adjusted to pH 7.5-8.0 and placed on a reverse phase (C-18 silica) column 2.5×30cm. The reaction mixture was resolved using a linear gradient of 20-70% methanol in 0.01 M KPO₄ buffer pH 6.85 (1 ℓ total volume). The column effluent was collected via fraction collector and the tube contents were pooled according to individual components. The order of elution was di-ε-amino-n-caproyl mesoporphyrin IX, mono-ε-amino-n-caproyl mesoporphyrin IX, and unsubstituted mesoporphyrin IX. The methanol was flashed off and the material was precipitated at pH 2.5-3.0. The ppt. was washed three times with dilute acetic acid in water. The product was dried under vacuum. EXAMPLE 13 Mono -β-alanyl hematoporphyrin IX (mixed anydride method) 400 mg (0.00059 moles) of hematoporphyrin IX dihydrochloride were suspended in 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF). 360 µl (0.0035 moles) of triethylamine were added with stirring. After 10 minutes, 340 µl (0.0031 moles) of ethyl chloroformate were added. After stirring 10 minutes, 10 ml (0.01 moles) of 1M KOH containing 400 mg (0.0044 moles) of β-alanine were added to the THF solution. This mixture gas stirred 60 minutes at room temperature. The organic solvent was removed by flash evaporation, keeping the temperature below 50°C. The reaction mixture was checked for product by silica TLC using Benzene/methanol 88% formic acid (8.5/1.5/0.13) as solvent to develop the chromatogram. The solution was adjusted to pH 7.5-8.0 with HCl and placed on reverse phase (C-18 silica) column 2.5 × 30 cm. The mixture was resolved using a linear gradient of 40-80% methanol in 0.01 M KPO₄ buffer pH 6.65 (1 liter total volume). The individual components were collected as they came off the column in the order di-β alanyl hematoporphyrin IX, mono -β- alanyl hematoporphyrin IX and hematoporphyrin IX. The methanol was removed from each component by flash evaporation and the material was precipitated by adjusting the pH to 2.5 -3.0 using HCl. The precipitate was washed three times with dilute acetic acid in water at the centrifuge and the products dried under vacuum. The yield of di-β- alanyl hematoporphyrin IX was 52mg and of mono - β-alanyl hematoporphyrin was 30 mg. EXAMPLE 14 Mono glycyl chlorin e₆ (Mixed Anhydride Method ) 625 mg of chlorin e₆ were dissolved in 300 ml of dimethyl formamide (DMF) and 277 µl (0.002 moles) of triethylamine (TEA) were added to the DMF solution. After stirring for five minutes, 201 µl (0.002 moles) of ethylchloroformate (EC) were added and stirred for 1 1/2 hours at room temperature. 75 mg (.0009 moles) of glycine (ammonia free) were added to the DMF solution and allowed to stir three hours at 50-60°C. The DMF solution was tested for product by reverse phase (C-18 silica) TLC using methanol/0.01M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.85, 70/30, to develop the chromatogram. The DMF solution was flashed to near dryness, then dissolved in dilute NaOH and the pH adjusted to 2.5-3 to precipitate the solid. The precipitate was then placed on a reverse phase (C-18 silica) column 3.7 cm × 45 cm. Fractions were eluted, using 20-40% methanol in 0.01 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.85. The fractions were pooled according to individual components. The methanol was flashed off and the material was precipitated at pH 2.5-3.0. The precipitate was washed and centrifuged 3 times in dilute acetic acid in water. The product was dried under vacuum. The yield of mono glycyl chlorin e₆ was 87.5 mg. EXAMPLE XV Preparation of mono-L-serinyl chlorin e₆ Chlorin e₆ was prepared according to the procedure of Fischer and Stern, Die Chemie Des Pyrroles, Volume II, second half, Leipzig 1940, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, pp. 91-93. 100 mg of the chlorin e₆ (free acid form) and 35 mg of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride were dissolved in 2 ml of N, N'-dimethyl formamide. After 5 minutes, 125 mg of L-serine benzyl ester hydrochloride was added, stirred vigorously until solution was complete, then allowed to stand at room temperature for 2 hours. At this time 0.5 ml of glacial acetic acid were added, then 30 ml of methanol and 12 ml of H₂O. The solution was applied to a C-18 reverse phase column (14 × 2 cm). The column was washed with H₂O (100 ml) then 4 ml of 1M NH₄OH, then with H₂O again (50 ml). Eluted product with MeOH/H₂O. Fractions eluted from the column with 30% to 80% MeOH contained product as well as carbodiimide activated chlorin as determined by TLC on C-18 reverse phase plates with solvent 70% MeOH/30% buffer (0.1M sodium phosphate pH 6.85) V/V. These fractions were pooled and enough 3 N NaOH was added to make the solution 0.1N in NaOH. After 1 hour, the hydrolysis was complete as determined by TLC in the above system. Removed the methanol by rotary evaporation and adjusted the pH of the solution to 7.5 with HCl. The chlorin solution was then reapplied to the same reverse phase column, washed with water, and eluted with MeOH/water using a stepwise gradient from 10 to 50% methanol. The fractions containing pure mono-L-serinyl chlorin as determined by TLC (R f slightly greater than the unsubstituted chlorin) were pooled, the methanol removed by rotary evaporation, and the product dried as the trisodium salt by lyophylization. EXAMPLE XVI Preparation of mono-L-asparaginyl chlorin e₆ 500 mg of chlorin e₆ and 175 mg of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylamine-propyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride were dissolved in 10 ml of N, N'-dimethyl formamide. After 5 minutes, 410 mg of L-asparagine were added. The solution was agitated for 4 hours. The asparagine did not dissolve totally during this reaction, but reverse phase (C-18) TLC 70/30 MeOH/.01M sodium phosphate buffer pH 6.85 showed some product at this time, (R f slightly greater than chlorin e₆). The reaction was terminated by adding 2.5 ml glacial acetic acid, then diluting to a total volume of 100 ml with methanol, then adding 25 ml of H₂O slowly, with stirring. The solution was then applied to a 14 × 2 cm reverse phase (C-18) column, washed with water then with 5 ml of 0.1M NaOH, finally with 50 ml of 0.01 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.85. The product was eluted off with MeOH/H₂O in a stepwise gradient from 20% MeOH to 50% MeOH. The fractions containing pure mono-L-asparaginyl chlorin e₆ , as determined by TLC using the conditions stated above, were pooled, and the methanol removed by rotary evaporation. The product was isolated as the trisodium salt by lyophlization. EXAMPLE XVII Preparation of mono-L-cysteinyl chlorin e₆ 300 mg of chlorin e₆ and 105 mg of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylamine-propyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride were dissolved in 6 ml of N, N'-dimethylformamide. After 5 minutes, 255 mg of L-cysteine hydrochloride were added. The solution was stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. The rest of the procedure is the same as for the preparation of mono-L-asparaginyl chlorin e₆ . EXAMPLE XVIII Preparation of mono-L-serinyl-2- formylchlorin e₆ (mono-L-serinyl 2-desvinyl-2-formyl-chlorin e₆ ) 500 mg of chlorin e₆ trimethyl ester were prepared according to the procedure of Fischer and Stern, in Die Chemie Des Pyrroles, Volume II, second half, Leipzig 1940, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, pp. 98-102. The chlorin e₆ trimethyl ester was dissoved in 600 ml of refluxing acetone. 400 mg of Potassium permanganate and 800 mg of magnesium sulfate dissolved in 130 ml of H₂O were added slowly over approximately a one hour period to the reluxing acetone solution. The solution was allowed to reflux for 1/2 hour after addition was complete. After cooling, 300 ml of methylene chloride were added, and the mixture was washed 3 times with water in a separatory funnel. The volume of methylene chloride was reduced and the product chromatographed on silica gel, eluting with a gradually increasing percentage of ethyl acetate in the CH₂Cl₂. The first major brown band which eluted was collected as the product, 2-Desvinyl-2-Formyl-Chlorin e₆. Yield 94 mg. The product was saponified by dissolution in refluxing n-propanol (0.1 ml/mg) and addition of 6 fold equivalent of 1N KOH. The tripotassium salt was filtered off, washed with n-propanol and dried under vacuum, forming 2-formyl chlorin e₆ . 100 mg of the 2-formyl chlorin e₆ free acid form) and 35 mg of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride were dissolved in 2 ml of N, N'-dimethyl formamide. After 5 minutes, 125 mg of L-serine benzyl ester hydrochloride was added, stirred vigorously until solution was complete, then allowed to stand at room stemperature for 2 hours. At this time 0.5 ml of glacial acetic acid was added, then 30 ml of methanol and 12 ml of H₂O. The solution was applied to a C-18 reverse phase column (14 × 2 cm). The column was washed with H₂O (100 ml) then 4 ml of 1M NH₄OH, then with H₂O again (50 ml). Eluted product with MeOH/H₂O. Fractions eluted from the column with 30% to 80% MeOH contained product as well as carbodiimide activated chlorin as determined by TLC on C-18 reverse phase plates with solvent 70% MeOH/30% buffer (0.1M sodium phosphate pH 6.85) V/V. These fractions were pooled and enough 3 N NaOH was added to make the solution 0.1N in NaOH. After 1 hour, the hydrolysis was complete as determined by TLC in the above system. Removed the methanol by rotary evaporation and adjusted the pH of the solution to 7.5 with HCl. The chlorin solution was then reapplied to the same reverse phase column, washed with water, and eluted with MeOH/water using a stepwise gradient from 10 to 50% methanol. The fractions containing pure mono-L-serinyl chlorin as determined by TLC (R f slightly greater than the unsubstituted chlorin) were pooled, the methanol removed by rotary evaporation, and the product dried as the trisodium salt by lyophylization. EXAMPLE XIX Preparation of mono-L-serinyl-deuterochlorin e₆ (Mono-L-Serinyl 2-desvinyl-chlorin e₆ ) A. Deuterochlorin e₆ Deuterchlorin e₆ trimethyl ester was prepared according to the procedure in Fischer and Stern in Die Chemie Des Pyrroles, Volume II, second half, Leipzig 1940, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, p. 104. The trimethyl ester was then hydrolyzed to the free acid state by dissolution in refluxing n-propanol (0.1 ml/mg) and adding 6 fold equivalent amounts of 1N KOH. The product was collected by filtration, after cooling, as the potassium salt and dried under vaccum. B. Mono-L-Serinyl Deuterochlorin e₆ 100 mg of the deuterchlorin e₆ (free acid form) and 35 mg of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride were dissolved in 2 ml of N, N' dimethyl formamide. After 5 minutes, 125 mg of L-serine benzyl ester hydrochloride were added, stirred vigorously until solution was complete, then allowed to stand at room temperature for 2 hours. At this time 0.5 ml of glacial acetic acid were added, then 30 ml of methanol and 12 ml of H₂O. The solution was applied to a C-18 reverse phase column (14 × 2 cm). The column was washed with H₂O (100 ml) then 4 ml of 1M NH₄OH, then with H₂O again (50 ml). Eluted product with MeOH/H₂O. Fractions eluted from the column with 30% to 80% MeOH contained product as well as carbodiimide activated chlorin as determined by TLC on C-18 reverse phase plates with solvent 70% MeOH/30% buffer (0.1M sodium phosphate pH 6.85) V/V. These fractions were pooled and enough 3 N NaOH was added to make the solution 0.1N in NaOH. After 1 hour, the hydrolysis was complete as determined by TLC in the above system. Removed the methanol by rotary evaporation and adjusted the pH of the solution to 7.5 with HCl. The chlorin solution was then reapplied to the same reverse phase column, washed with water, and eluted with MeOH/water using a stepwise gradient from 10 to 50% methanol. The fractions containing pure mono-L-serinyl chlorin, as determined by TLC (R f slightly greater than the unsubstituted chlorin) were pooled, the methanol removed by rotary evaporation, and the product dried as the trisodium salt by lyophylization. EXAMPLE XX Preparation of mono-L-serinyl-2 acetyl-chlorin e₆ (Mono-L-serinyl-2-desvinyl-2-acetyl chlorin e₆ ) A. 2-acetyl chlorin e₆ 2-acetyl chlorin e₆ trimethyl ester was prepared according to the procedure of Fischer and Stern, Die Chemie Des Pyrroles, Volume II, second half, Leipzig 1940, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, p. 185. The trimethyl ester was then hydrolyzed to the free acid state by dissolution in refluxing n-propanol (0.1 ml/mg) and adding 6 fold equivalent amounts of 1N KOH. The product was collected by filtration, after cooling, as the potassium salt and dried under vaccum. B. L-serinyl-2-acetyl chlorin e₆ 100 mg of the 2-acetyl chlorin e₆ (free acid form) and 35 mg of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride were dissolved in 2 ml of N, N'-dimethyl formamide. After 5 minutes, 125 mg of L-serine benzyl ester hydrochloride were added, stirred vigorously until solution was complete, then allowed to stand at room temperature for 2 hours. At this time 0.5 ml of glacial acetic acid were added, then 30 ml of methanol and 12 ml of H₂O. The solution was applied to a C-18 reverse phase column (14 × 2 cm). The column was washed with H₂O (100 ml) then 4 ml of 1M NH₄OH, then with H₂O again (50 ml). Eluted product with MeOH/H₂O. Fractions eluted from the column with 30% to 80% MeOH contained product as well as carbodiimide activated chlorin as determined by TLC on C-18 reverse plates with solvent 70% MeOH/30% buffer (.01M sodium phosphate, pH 6.85) V/V. These fractions were pooled and enough 3N NaOH was added to make the solution 0.1N in NaOH. After 1 hour, the hydrolysis was complete as determined by TLC in the above system. Removed the methanol by rotary evaporation and adjusted the pH of the solution to 7.5 with HCl. The chlorin solution was then reapplied to the same reverse phase column, washed with water, and eluted with MeOH/water using a stepwise gradient from 10 to 50% methanol. The fractions containing pure mono-L-serinyl chlorin as determined by TLC (R f slightly greater than the unsubstituted chlorin) were pooled, the methanol removed by rotary evaporation, and the product dried as the trisodium salt by lyophylization. EXAMPLE XXI Preparation of mono-L-serinyl mesochlorin e₆ A. Mesochlorin e₆ Mesochlorin e₆ trimethyl ester was prepared according to the procedure of Fischer and Stern, Die Chemie Des Pyrroles, Volume II, second half, Leipzig 1940, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft p. 102. The mesochlorin e₆ trimethyl ester was then hydrolyzed to the free acid state by dissolution in refluxing n-propanol (0.1 ml/mg) and adding 6 fold equivalent amounts of 1N KOH. The product was collected by filtration, after cooling, as the potassium salt and dried under vacuum. B. Mono-L-Serinyl Mesochlorin e₆ 100 mg of the mesochlorin e₆ (free acid form) and 35 mg of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride were dissolved in 2 ml of N, N'-dimethyl formamide. After 5 minutes, 125 mg of L-serine benzyl ester hydrochloride were added, stirred vigorously until solution was complete, then allowed to stand at room temperature for 2 hours. At this time 0.5 ml of glacial acetic acid were added, then 30 ml of methanol and 12 ml of H₂O. The solution was applied to a C-18 reverse phase column (14 × 2 cm). The column was washed with H₂O (100 ml) then 4 ml of 1M NH₄OH, then with H₂O again (50 ml). Eluted product with MeOH/H₂O. Fractions eluted from the column with 30% to 80% MeOH contained product as well as carbodiimide activated chlorin as determined by TLC on C-18 reverse phase plates with solvent 70% MeOH/30% buffer (.01M sodium phosphate pH 6.85) V/V. These fractions were pooled and enough 3 N NaOH was added to make the solution 0.1N in NaOH. After 1 hour, the hydrolysis was complete as determined by TLC in the above system. Removed the methanol by rotary evaporation and adjusted the pH of the solution to 7.5 with HCl. The chlorin solution was then reapplied to the same reverse phase column, washed with water, and eluted with MeOH/water using a stepwise gradient from 10 to 50% methanol. The fractions containing pure mono-L-serinyl chlorin was determined by TLC (R f slightly greater than the unsubstituted chlorin) were pooled, the methanol removed by rotary evaporation, and the product dried as the trisodium salt by lyophylization. Utilizing the aforementioned carbodiimide or the mixed anhydride methods of Exampies 8-21 the following preferred monoamide compounds of this invention are synthesized: Chlorin Derivatives (DL)-Serinyl-trans-mesochlorin IX Glycyl-trans-mesochlorin IX α-(DL)-Alanyl-trans-mesochlorin IX β-Alanyl-trans-mesochlorin IX ε-Amino-n-caproyl-mesochlorin IX (D,L)-Serinyl chlorin e₆ (D,L)-Serinyl mesochlorin e₆ Glycyl chlorin e₆ Glycyl mesochlorin e₆ α-[D,L)-Alanyl chlorin e₆ α-(D,L) Alanyl mesochlorin e₆ β-Alanyl chlorin e₆ β-Alanyl mesochlorin e₆ ε-Amino-n-caproyl chlorin e₆ ε-Amino-n-caproyl mesochlorin e₆ (D,L)-Serinyl chlorin e₄ (D,L)-Serinyl mesochlorin e₄ (D,L)-Serinyl isochlorin e₄ (D,L)-Serinyl mesoisochlorin e₄ Glycyl chlorin e₄ Glycyl mesochlorin e₄ Glycyl isochlorin e₄ Glycyl mesoisochlorin e₄ α-(DL)-Alanyl chlorin e₄ α-(DL)-Alanyl mesochlorin e₄ α-(DL)-Alanyl isochlorin e₄ α-(DL)-Alanyl mesoisochlorin e₄ β-Alanyl chlorin e₄ β-Alanyl mesochlorin e₄ β-Alanyl isochlorin e₄ β-Alanyl mesoisochlorin e₄ ε-Amino-n-caproyl chlorin e₄ ε-Amino-n-caproyl mesochlorin e₄ ε-Amino-n-caproyl isochlorin e₄ ε-Amino-n-caproyl mesoisochlorin e₄ (D,L)-Serinylphotoprotoporphyrin IX Glycylphotoprotoporphyrin IX α-(D,L)-Alanylphotoprotoporphyrin IX β-Alanylphotoprotoporphyrin IX ε-Amino-n-caproylphotoprotoporphyrin IX Threoninyl chlorin e₆ Tyrosyl chlorin e₆ Valyl chlorin e₆ Leucyl chlorin e₆ Isoleucyl chlorin e₆ Prolyl chlorin e₆ Methionyl chlorin e₆ Histidyl chlorin e₆ Arginyl chlorin e₆ Lysyl chlorin e₆ Glutaminyl chlorin e₆ 4-hydroxyprolyl chlorin e₆ 5-hydroxylysyl chlorin e₆ ε amino-n-caproyl chlorin e₆ γ aminobutanoyl chlorin e₆ 3- methyl histidyl chlorin e₆ Alanyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Valyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Leucyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Isoleucyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Prolyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Methionyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Glycyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Serinyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Threoninyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Cysteinyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Tyrosyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Asparginyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Lysyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Arginyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Histidyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Glutaminyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ 4-hydroxy-prolyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ 5-hydroxy lysyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ ε-amino-n-caproyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ γ-aminobutanoyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ 3-methyl histidyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ β-alanyl 2-acetyl-chlorin e₆ Alanyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Valyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Leucyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Isoleucyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Prolyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Methionyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Glycyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Serinyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Threoninyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Cysteinyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Tyrosyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Asparginyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Lysyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Arginyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Histidyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Glutaminyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ 4-hydroxy-prolyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ 5-hydroxy lysyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ ε-amino-n-caproyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ γ-aminobutanoyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ 3-methyl histidyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ β-alanyl 2 formyl chlorin e₆ Alanyl Deuterochlorin e₆ Valyl Deuterochlorin e₆ Leucyl Deuterochlorin e₆ Isoleucyl Deuterochlorin e₆ Prolyl Deuterochlorin e₆ Methionyl Deuterochlorin e₆ Glycyl Deuterochlorin e₆ Serinyl Deuterochlorin e₆ Threoninyl Deuterochlorin e₆ Cysteinyl Deuterochlorin e₆ Tyrosyl Deuterochlorin e₆ Asparginyl Deuterochlorin e₆ Lysyl Deuterochlorin e₆ Arginyl Deuterochlorin e₆ Histidyl Deuterochlorin e₆ Glutaminyl Deuterochlorin e₆ 4-hydroxy-prolyl Deuterochlorin e₆ 5-hydroxy lysyl Deuterochlorin e₆ ε-amino-n-caproyl Deuterochlorin e₆ γ-aminobutanoyl Deuterochlorin e₆ 3-methyl histidyl Deuterochlorin e₆ β-alanyl Deuterochlorin e₆ valyl mesochlorin e₆ Leucyl mesochlorin e₆ Isoleucyl mesochlorin e₆ Prolyl mesochlorin e₆ Methionyl mesochlorin e₆ Serinyl mesochlorin e₆ Threoninyl mesochlorin e₆ Cysteinyl mesochlorin e₆ Tyrosyl mesochlorin e₆ Asparginyl mesochlorin e₆ Lysyl mesochlorin e₆ Arginyl mesochlorin e₆ Histidyl mesochlorin e₆ Glutaminyl mesochlorin e₆ 4-hydroxy-prolyl mesochlorin e₆ 5-hydroxy lysyl mesochlorin e₆ γ-aminobutanoyl mesochlorin e₆ 3-methyl histidyl mesochlorin e₆ Porphyrin Derivatives (D,L)-Serinylmesoporphyrin IX Glycylmesoporphyrin IX α-(DL)-Alanylmesoporphyrin IX β-Alanylmesoporphyrin IX ε-Amino-n-caproylmesoporphyrin IX (D,L)-Serinylprotoporphyrin IX Glycylprotoporphyrin IX α-(D,L)-Alanylprotoporphyrin IX β-Alanylprotoporphyrin IX ε-Amino-n-caproylprotoporphyrin IX (D,L)-Serinyldeuteroporphyrin IX Glycyldeuteroporphyrin IX α-(D,L)-Alanyldeuteroporphyrin IX β-Alanyldeuteroporphyrin IX ε-Amino-n-caproyldeuteroporphyrin IX tetra- (D,L)-Serinylcoproporphyrin III tetra- Glycylcoproporphyrin III tetra- α-(D,L)-Alanylcoproporphyrin III tetra- β-Alanylcoproporphyrin III tetra- ε-Amino-n-caproylcoproporphyrin III (D,L)-Serinylhematoporphyrin IX Glycylhematoporphyrin IX α-(D,L)-Alanylhematoporphyrin IX β-Alanylhematoporphyrin IX ε-Amino-n-caproylhematoporphyrin IX Bacteriochlorin Derivatives (D,L)-Serinylbacteriochlorin e₄ Glycylbacteriochlorin e₄ α-(DL)-Alanylbacteriochlorin e₄ β-Alanylbacteriochlorin e₄ ε-Amino-n-caproylbacteriochlorin e₄ (D,L)-Serinylbacterioisochlorin e₄ Glycylbacterioisochlorin e₄ α-(DL)-Alanylbacterioisochlorin e₄ β-Alanylbacterioisochlorin e₄ ε-Amino-n-caproylbacterioisochlorin e₄ (D,L)-Serinylbacteriochlorin e₆ Glycylbacteriochlorin e₆ α-(DL)-Alanylbacteriochlorin e₆ β-Alanylbacteriochlorin e₆ ε-Amino-n-caproylbacteriochlorin e₆ Other amino acid derivatives of the tetrapyrroles can also be prepared. The following amino acids can also be used to prepare the mono- di-, tri-, or where appropriate, the tetra-amino acid derivatives of the chlorins, porphyrins, or bacteriochlorins, employing the procedures of one of the aforementioned methods: piperidine-2-carboxylic acid, piperidine-6-carboxylic acid, pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid, pyrrole-5-carboxylic acid, piperidine-6-propionic acid, and pyrrole-5-acetic acid Mixed amino acid derivatives of the tetrapyrroles can also be prepared. The various chlorin derivatives, porphyrin derivatives and bacteriochlorin derivatives can include any two or three of the following amino acids: glycine, serine, threonine, cysteine, tyrosine, asparagine, glutamine, lysine, arginine, histidine, α-alanine, β-alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, α-phenylalanine, β-phenylalanine, tryptophan, methionine, ε-amino-n-caproic acid, piperidine-2-carboxylic acid, pyrrole-5-carboxylic acid, piperidine-6-propionic acid, pyrrole-5-acetic acid. Physical characteristics of the compounds (relative polarity) is measured by a standard chromatographic system. The chromatographic data (Rf values) were measured on Baker silica gel-C18 thin layer chromatographic plates, the particle size of which is 20 µM, and the coating thickness of which is 200 µM. The solvent system for these chromatographic runs consisted of 75% methanol, and 25% 0.01 M potassium phosphate buffer, pH 6.85. The compounds were spotted and dried on the plate as the sodium salts, at approximately neutral pH and minimum salt concentrations. The Rf values for the various derivatives are tabulated in TABLE 1. Spectroscopic data are indicated in TABLE 2. Rf VALUES Compounds Derivative Rf Mesoporphyrin IX -- .32 Mesoporphyrin IX mono-α-alanyl .44 Mesoporphyrin IX mono-β-alanyl .44 Mesoporphyrin IX di-α-alanyl .51 Mesoporphyrin IX di-β-alanyl .49 Mesoporphyrin IX mono-glycycl .47 Mesoporphyrin IX di-seryl .58 Mesoporphyrin IX di-glycyl .54 Mesoporphyrin IX di-ε-aminocaproyl .34 Hematoporphyrin IX -- .78 Hematoporphyrin IX mono-β-alanyl .83 Hematoporphyrin IX di-β-alanyl .83 Chlorin e₆ -- .66 Chlorin e₆ di-L-α-serinyl .78 2-formyl chlorin e ₆ ----- 0.74 2-acetyl chlorin e ₆ ----- 0.71 Deutero chlorin e ₆ ----- 0.79 Mesochlorin e ₆ ----- 0.69 2-formyl chlorin e ₆ Mono-L-serinyl 0.87 2-acetyl chlorin e ₆ Mono-L-serinyl 0.86 Deuterochlorin e ₆ Mono-L-serinyl 0.90 Mesochlorin e ₆ Mono-L-serinyl 0.73 Chlorin e ₆ Mono-L-asparaginyl 0.72 Chlorin e ₆ Mono-L-cysteinyl 0.93 Chlorin e ₆ Mono-L-serinyl 0.72 Absorption data for the amino acid conjugates is identical to the parent chlorins. The following protocol describes the procedure for the utilization of these new compounds of the present invention in the treatment of rat tumors. EXAMPLE XXII The photodynamic therapy experiments have been carried out on Buffalo rats, using the transplantable tumor, Morris Hepatoma 7777. The tumors were transplanted subcutaneously on the outside of the thigh. During treatment, the tumors ranges in size between 1 and 2.5 cm in diameter. The general treatment regime is as follows. The rats are injected with a solution of the chlorin prepared as follows: 20 mg of the sodium salt of the chlorin was dissolved in 1 ml of 0.9% NaCl. The chlorin solution was then injected intravenously through the external jugular while the rat was anesthetized with ether. The volume of solution injected was calculated based upon the weight of the animal and the dosage, on a weight to weight basis, for the particular experiment. A specified time interval was then allowed to elapse before light treatment was instigated. Light treatment of the rats was without anesthesia. The rats were restrained, the hair removed in the treatment area and treated with laser light from a Cooper Aurora argon pumped, tunable dye laser. The laser was equipped with a fiber optic light delivery system coupled to a microlens system developed by Dr. Daniel Doiron, D.R.D. Consulting, Santa Barbara, California. The lens disperses the laser beam, providing a circular distribution of light with homogenous light intensity throughout the area of the incident light beam. The wavelength of light was adjusted using a Hartridge reversion spectroscope. The light intensity was determined using a Yellow Springs Instrument, Model 65A, radiometer. The micro lens was positioned at such a distance from the skin of the animal so as to provide an illumination diameter of 1.5cm, and the light flux was varied by control of the laser output. Subsequent to illumination, the animal was returned to its cage and, 24 hours later, it was treated intravenously in the external jugular vein with 14 mg of Evans Blue dye, dissolved in 250 µl of 0.9% NaCl. Two hours after injection, the rat was sacrificed and the tumor cross-sectioned. The extent of tumor necrosis was assessed by the lack of dye uptake , and the depth of the necrotic cross section of the tumor was recorded in millimeters. Table III summarizes the effects of these drugs on tumors and includes a range of wavelengths, dosages, intensities, and time intervals for treatment. This has been necessary, in order to attempt to establish the optimal conditions for phototherapy utilizing this new drug. The conditions described result in measurable and significant damage to the tumors. In all cases except where noted, tissue damage occurred selectively to the tumor tissue as assayed by the Evans Blue method, even though, in nearly all cases, normal skin overlayed the tumor and the treatment area overlapped significant areas of normal muscle tissue. The photodynamic therapy date is presented in tabular form. Column No. 2 is the total light dose administered in terms of Joules per square centimeter. Column No. 3 is the dose of chlorin administered in terms of mg of drug per kilogram of rat body weight. Column No. 4 is the time lapse between administration of drug and treatment with laser light. Column No. 5 is the wavelength of treatment light in nanometers. Column No. 6 is the intensity of the treatment light in milliwatts per square centimeter. In Column No. 7, x is the mean depth of necrosis in millimeters of the tumor tissue, i.e., the distance from the necrotic top of the tumor next to the skin to the necrotic edge of the tumor most distant from the skin. S.D. is the standard deviation of x . (N) is the number of tumors or legs involved in the experiment. Column No. 8 is the range of depth of necrosis in millimeters within the group. EXAMPLE XXIII The treatment and evaluation procedure is as follows: DBA/2 Ha Ros-d+Ha mice with SmT-F transplanted tumors either in the exterior part of the hind leg or the side of the mouse were injected intravenously via the external jugular or the intraperitoneally with the photosensitizing drug. At the specified time after injection, the area over the tumor was shaved and the light treatment begun. Light from a Copper Aurora argon pumped tunable dye laser was administered via a micro lens system (developed by Dr. Daniel Doiron, D.R.D. Consulting, Santa Barbara, California) coupled through a quartz fiber to the laser, the optical properties of the lens are such that the light exits the lens in a circular pattern with homogenous intensity throughout the lighted area. The diameter of the lighted area is a function of the distance from the lens. The light intensity was measured with a Yellow Springs Instrument Model 65 A Radiometer at the point of treatment. A 1.5 cm diameter circle of the animal's skin, centered as closely as possible over the tumor, was irradiated in all the experiments. The intensity, wavelength, and dosage of light is included in the data for individual groups of animals. Wavelengths are adjusted, using a Hartridge reversion spectroscope to within 1 nm of the stated value. Twenty four hours after light treatment, each mouse received 5 mg of Evans Blue Dye intravenously . After an additional two hours, the mice were sacrificed and the tumors were sectioned vertically through the center of the light treated area. Unaffected tumor was stained blue as was unaffected normal tissue. Necrotic or affected areas were white or red in appearance. Measurements on both the whole tumors and affected areas of the tumors were made vertically and horizontally with calipers to the nearest one half millimeter. The results of representative compounds are depicted in the following tables: The results of Table IV - IX are summarized in Table X. The results Of Table XI - XII are summarized in Table XIII. The preparation of pharmacological dosages for the administration of the active ingredient, that is the amino acid porphyrin adducts, which were prepared in Examples 1-21 hereinabove, is as follows: EXAMPLE XXIV A tablet base was prepared by blending the following ingredient in the proportion by weight indicated: Grams Sucrose, USP 80.3 Tapioca Starch 13.2 Magnesium Stearate 4.4 Into this base, there was blended sufficient amino acid porphyrin adducts to provide tablets each containing 100 mg. of active ingredient. EXAMPLE XXV A blend was prepared containing the following ingredients: Calcium phosphate 17.6 Dicalcium phosphate 18.8 Magnesium trisilicate, USP 5.2 Lactose, U.S.P. 5.2 Potato Starch 5.2 Magnesium Stearate A 0.8 Magnesium Stearate B 0.32 Porphyrin Amino Acid Adducts 20 This blend was divided and formed into capsules each containing 25 mg of active ingredient. EXAMPLE XXVI To a commercially available raspberry flavored sugar syrup is added the equivalent of 40 mg of the amino acid porphyrin adduct per milliliter and the mixture is homogenized in a mechanical device for this purpose. This mixture is especially suitable for oral administration containing 200 mg of the active ingredient. EXAMPLE XXVII A sterile solution of the following composition is prepared: 200 mg of the sodium salt of the amino acid porphyrin adduct is dissolved in a 0.9% NaCl solution so that the final concentration is 20 mg/ml. This solution is suitable for I.V. and I.M. administration. EXAMPLE XXVIII The sodium salt of the amino acid porphyrin adduct is dissolved in 0.9% NaCl solution so that the final concentration is 5 mg/ml. This is placed in an aerosal dispenser with a hydrocarbon propellant. This preparation is suitable for topical application. EXAMPLE XXIX PREPARATION OF A METAL SALT The sodium salt of the porphyrin amino acid adduct is prepared by dissolving said adduct in water containing an equimolar amount of sodium hydroxide and freeze drying the resulting mixture. In this fashion, other metal salts are prepared including potassium, calcium, and lithium salts. PREPARATION OF AN ACID SALT The amino acid porphyrin adduct described in the preceding examples are converted to acid salts, e.g., hydrochloride, by dissolving in an aqueous solution containing an equivalent amount of acid, e.g., hydrochloric acid, and the solution is evaporated to dryness to obtain the solid salt. Alternately, alcoholic solutions of hydrogen chloride gas, dissolved in ethanol can be used in lieu of the aqueous acid solution and the acid salt is obtained by evaporation of the solvent or crystallization from the alcohol, e.g., by addition of a non-solvent.

Claims: Claims for the following Contracting States : BE, CH, DE, FR, GB, IT, LI, LU, NL, SE A therapeutic composition comprising a fluorescent mono, di or polyamide of an aminomonocarboxylic acid and a tetrapyrrole compound of the formula: or salt thereof or the corresponding di- or tetrahydrotetrapyrroles and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor; wherein R₁ is methyl; or R₂ is H, vinyl, ethyl, acetyl, CH₂CH₂CO₂H, or =CHCHO; R₃ is methyl or R₄ is H, vinyl, ethyl, CH₂CH₂CO₂H, =CHCHO; or R₅ is methyl; R₆ is H, CH₂CH₂CO₂H, CH₂CH₂CO₂R or CO₂H; R₇ is CH₂CH₂CO₂H, CH₂CH₂CO₂R, or R₈ is methyl or R₉ is H, COOH, CH₂COOH or methyl; provided that when R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₇ and R₈ represent two substituents or are divalent and attached to the same carbon, the respective pyrrole ring to which they are attached is a dihydropyrrole; R is lower alkyl or benzyl; with the proviso that at least one of R₁-R₉ includes a free carboxyl group, and that amide bonds (1 to 4) are formed between the amino group of the aminomonocarboxylic acid and one of the carboxy groups of the tetrapyrrole; with the proviso that the tetrapyrrole residue is not pheophorbide a . The composition according to claim 1 wherein the amino acid is an alpha amino acid. Composition according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the tetrapyrrole is a porphyrin, chlorin or bacteriochlorin. Composition according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amide-containing substituents are asymmetrically arranged on the tetrapyrrole molecule. Composition according to claim 1 wherein the amide is: diserinyl mesophorphyrin IX, diglycyl mesoporphyrin IX, di-α-(DL)-alanyl mesoporphyrin IX, di-β-alanyl mesoporphyrin IX, di-ε-amino-n-caproyl mesoporphyrin IX, diglycyl trans-mesochlorin IX, diglycyl trans-mesochlorin e ₆ , diglycyl mesochlorin e ₄ , diglycyl hematoporphyrin IX, diglycyl chlorin e ₆ , diglycyl protoporphyrin IX, diglycyl deuteroporphyrin, di-α-(DL)-alanyl trans-mesochlorin IX, di-α-(DL)-alanyl mesochlorin e ₆ , di-α-(DL)-alanyl mesochlorin e ₄ , di-α-(DL)-alanyl hematoporphyrin IX, di-α-(DL)-alanyl chlorin e ₆ , di-α-(DL)-alanyl protoporphyrin IX, di-α-(DL)-alanyl deuteroporphyrin, di-β-(DL)-alanyl trans-mesochlorin IX, di-β-(DL)-alanyl mesochlorin e ₆ , di-β-(DL)-alanyl mesochlorin e ₄ , di-β-(DL)-alanyl hematoporphyrin IX, di-β-(DL)-alanyl chlorin e ₆ , di-β-(DL)-alanyl protoporphyrin IX, di-β-(DL)-alanyl deuteroporphyrin, di- L -α-serinyl chlorin e ₆ , di- L -α-serinyl trans-mesochlorin e ₆ , di- L -α-serinyl trans-mesochlorin IX, di- L -α-serinyl trans-mesochlorin e ₄ , di- L -α-serinyl hematoporphyrin IX, di- L -α-serinyl protoporphyrin IX, di- L -α-serinyl deuteroporphyrin, di-ε-amino-n-caproyl-hematoporphyrin IX, di-ε-amino-n-caproyl-chlorin e ₆ , di-ε-amino-n-caproyl-protoporphyrin IX, di-ε-amino-n-caproyl-deuteroporphyrin, mono-L-serinyl mesochlorin e₆ , mono-L-serinyl Deuterochlorin e₆ , mono-L-serinyl-2-formyl chlorin e₆ , mono-L-serinyl-2-acetyl chlorin e₆ , mono-L-cysteinyl chlorin e₆ , mono-L-asparaginyl chlorin e₆ , mono serinyl chlorin e₆ , mono-(DL)glycyl chlorin e₆ , alanyl chlorin e₆ , mono-L-valyl chlorin e₆ , mono-L-leucyl chlorin e₆ , mono-L-isoleucyl chlorin e₆ , mono-L-prolyl chlorin e₆ , mono-L-methionyl chlorin e₆ , mono-L-threoninyl chlorin e₆ , tyrosyl chlorin e₆ , glutaminyl chlorin e₆ , lysyl chlorin e₆ , arginyl chlorin e₆ , histidyl chlorin e₆ , β-alanyl chlorin e₆ , mono-ε-amino-n-caproyl chlorin e₆ , monoglycyl mesoporphyrin IX, mono alanyl mesoporphyrin IX, mono-β-alanyl mesoporphyrin IX, mono-ε-amino-n-caproyl mesoporphyrin IX, mono-β-alanyl-hematoporphyrin IX, threoninyl-2-formylchlorin e₆ , mono-L-threoninyl deuterochlorin e₆ , or mono-L-threoninyl mesochlorin e₆ , Use of a fluorescent mono, di or polyamide of an aminomonocarboxylic acid and a tetrapyrrole containing one or two carboxy groups of the structure as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, or a salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor, for the preparation of a therapeutic composition for photodiagnosis and/or phototherapy of tumors. Claims for the following Contracting State : AT Use of a fluorescent mono, di or polyamide of an aminomonocarboxylic acid and a tetrapyrrole compound of the formula: or salt thereof or the corresponding di- or tetrahydrotetrapyrroles, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor; wherein R₁ is methyl; or R₂ is H, vinyl, ethyl, acetyl, CH₂CH₂CO₂H, or =CHCHO; R₃ is methyl or R₄ is H, vinyl, ethyl, CH₂CH₂CO₂H, =CHCHO; or R₅ is methyl; R₆ is H, CH₂CH₂CO₂H, CH₂CH₂CO₂R or CO₂H; R₇ is CH₂CH₂CO₂H, CH₂CH₂CO₂R, or R₈ is methyl or R₉ is H, COOH, CH₂COOH or methyl; provided that when R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₇ and R₈ represent two substituents or are divalent and attached to the same carbon, the respective pyrrole ring to which they are attached is a dihydropyrrole; R is lower alkyl or benzyl; with the proviso that at least one of R₁-R₉ includes a free carboxyl group, and that amide bonds (1 to 4) are formed between the amino group of the aminomonocarboxylic acid and one of the carboxy groups of the tetrapyrrole; with the proviso that the tetrapyrrole residue is not pheophorbide a ; for the preparation of a therapeutic composition for photodiagnosis and/or phototherapy of tumors. Use according to claim 1 , characterized in, that the amino acid is an alpha amino acid.

Inventors: BOMMER, JERRY C., BURNHAM, BRUCE F.
Applicants: NIPPON PETROCHEMICALS CO., LTD.
Application year: 1986
Main classification: A61K31
IPC codes: A61P43, A61K49, A61P35, C07D487, A61K31