ENZYMATIC LIQUID DETERGENT COMPOSITION

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous, enzymatic liquid detergent with improved enzyme stability. By inclusion of a specific type of preservative of the isothiazolinone type, the rate of enzyme deactivation is significantly retarded.

Description: The present invention relates to an aqueous enzymatic liquid detergent composition with improved storage stability of the enzyme contained therein. It is well known in the art that enzymes can lose their activity over a certain period when included in an aqueous liquid detergent composition, and various proposals have already been made to retard that loss of activity by including in such compositions an enzyme-stabilising system. The prior art as to industrial enzyme preparations includes the use of various biocides. Thus DE-A-27 58 022 relates to catalase preparations containing 0.05-0.5% by weight of a microbicide. FR-A-2 099 701 relates to liquid enzyme preparations stabilised with various stabiliser materials, and also expediently including various antimicrobial substances to protect the enzymes from the harmful influence of microorganisms. 3-Isothiazolones and their use as biocides or disinfectants in applications including oil, leather, paper, and soap are known from US 4 252 694. We have now surprisingly found that preservatives having an isothiazolinone backbone in their molecule, when included at from 0.001-0.1% by weight in aqueous enzymatic liquid detergent compositions comprising 5-70% by weight of detergent-active material and from 0.001-10% by weight of protease, amylase, lipase or cellulase enzyme (the balance being aqueous medium), also retard the loss of enzyme activity. Typical examples of suitable such compounds are l,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one. We have found that the inclusion of a small amount of these preservatives, in the range of 0.001-0.1% by weight of the total detergent composition, significantly retarded the enzyme deactivation. The present invention therefore relates to an aqueous enzymatic liquid detergent composition with an improved storage stability of the enzymes contained therein, the improved storage stability being obtained by the inclusion in the composition of 0.001-0.1% of a preservative having an isothiazolinone backbone in its molecular structure. The enzymatic liquid detergent composition of the present invention contains as essential ingredients a detergent-active component and enzymes. The detergent-active component can be either soap, anionic, nonionic, cationic or zwitterionic synthetic detergents and mixtures of one or more of these detergent-active components. Preferably a nonionic synthetic detergent is used, either as such or in admixture with a cationic detergent-active component. Usually, the total amount of detergent-active component(s) ranges from 5-70, preferably from 10-40% by weight of the total composition. The enzymes that can be used in the present invention are proteases, amylases, lipases, cellulases and mixtures of one or more of these enzymes. Proteases are preferred enzymes for use in the present invention. The amount of enzymes present in the composition may range from 0.001-10% by weight. The composition may furthermore contain other optional ingredients such as perfumes, colouring materials, soil-suspending agents, other enzyme-stabilising agents, builders, bleaching agents, bleach precursors, hydrotropes, solvents, suspending agents suds suppressors etc. The invention will be further illustrated by way of Example. Example The following formulation was prepared: 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one was included as preservative, at various concentrations and the residual enzyme activity determined after storage at 37°C for four weeks. For comparison purposes; the formulation without any preservative as well as with 0.075% formaldehyde were also included in the tests. The following results were obtained:

Claims: An enzymatic liquid detergent composition comprising 5-70 % by weight of a detergent-active material, from 0.001-10 % by weight of an enzyme which is a protease, amylase, lipase or cellulase, the balance being an aqueous medium, characterised in that it contains from 0.001-0.1 % by weight of a preservative having an isothiazolinone backbone in its molecular structure. A composition according to claim 1, characterised in that the preservative is 1,2-benziso-thiazolin-3-one, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one or 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one. A composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the preservative is 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one.

Inventors: FRY, ALAN JOHN
Applicants: UNILEVER NV, UNILEVER PLC
Application year: 1986
Main classification: C11D3
IPC codes: C11D3