PROCESS AND EQUIPMENT FOR PRODUCING PANTIHOSE GARMENTS

Abstract: Transfer of garments, having limp portions, from one machine (L) to another machine (T) the needs of which demand that the limp portions are separate for delivery to separate receiving members therefor, is accomplished while the garments are moving in the direction of the receiving machine (T). The limp portions of the moving garment are draped over a guide rail (28); a second guide rail (30) is encountered by the limp portions, this rail being positioned to interpose itself between the advancing limp portions, with the result that one limp portion becomes draped over each rail. Thanks to a subsequent divergent between the rails (28, 30), the said portions are separated from one another and are guided by the rails in this state to the intended receiving members (12′, 12″). Adjacent the receiving machine (T), the apparatus includes positive drive means (40) constituted by driven endless loops (42) which seize each limp portion and advance them individually with precision to their allotted receiving members (12′, 12″). The invention is particularly applicable to pantihose manufacture e.g. for transferring part-finished pantihose garments from a line closer to a toe closer.

Description: The present invention relates to a process and equipment for producing pantihose garments. The manufacture of hosiery starts with the knitting of open-ended leg blanks. At a subsequent stage their toe ends are closed and various finishing operations such as dyeing, boarding and packing are performed. When manufacturing pantihose, pairs of legs are joined together, most frequently after toe closing. Typically, hose legs are mounted on leg supports for the various operations to be performed thereon. Commonly, hose manufacture involves several mountings/dismountings of hose on different leg supports. At least the mounting steps are accomplished in greater or smaller extent by hand. Such manual operations are time consuming, especially if hose have to be everted during the mounting, and with every manual handling the risk of damaging fragile knits increases. When making pantihose, separate legs are normally subjected to toe closing and are collected for supply to the operator whose job is to attend to joining legs together pairwise. This operator may be in charge of an automatic line closer which accomplishes the leg-joining operation. Amongst the drawbacks of operating in this fashion is the need for the operator to load toe-closed hose legs onto the leg supports of the line closer. Toe closers are now available which enable paired legs, presented in the form of made-up pantihose, to be toe closed at effectively the same time. Two such machines are the Pantimatic toe closer and the Speedomatic HS manufactured by Detexomat Machinery Limited. (PANTIMATIC, SPEEDOMATIC and DETEXOMAT are Registered Trade Marks). With such machines as these, it can be beneficial to line close first and then to toe close. The equipment we have devised assists in the transfer of the limp fabric workpieces to a receiving machine having a receiving member such as a support upon which the workpieces are to be mounted e.g. pneumatically or by means of suction. The equipment is intended primarily, but not exclusively, to deliver the legs of part-finished pantihose from the hose supports of a hosiery line closer directly to the suction tubes of the leg supports of a toe closer. As disclosed in detail hereinafter, the equipment is designed to keep portions of the legs of pantihose, separate from one another during their transport and positively advances the portions so that they can be properly received and handled by the receiving station or machine. EP-A-0 126 800 discloses apparatus and method for producing pantihose, wherein a line closer is linked by a transferer assembly to a toe closer so that the legs joined by the line closer are automatically transferred and loaded onto the suction tube supports of the toe closer, ready for the latter to perform its toe closing operation. As disclosed in EP-A-0 126 800, the toe ends of the joined legs are presented to, and sucked into, the suction tube supports, while the joined, body portion of the garment remains held by the holders of the line closer. The body portion of the garment is subsequently grasped by the transferer assembly, stripped from the line closer holders, and everted onto the suction tube supports. The present invention has for an object an improved mode of transfer from a line closer to a receiving machine having a suction everter, which mode of transfer can permit acceleration of the production operation and hence increased productivity. This objective is met in this invention by stripping the garment body portion from the line closer holders immediately before the garment legs are sucked into the suction tube supports e.g. of a toe closer. According to the present invention, therefore, there is provided a method of producing a pantihose garment from two open-ended leg blanks, comprising the steps of (a) placing the blanks on hose holders of a line closing machine ready for seaming the leg blanks together on this machine, to form a body portion of the garment; (b) advancing the blanks on the holders towards a discharge station of the line closer whereat is juxtaposed a suction everter having a pair of suction tube hose leg supports to which the garment is to be transferred and, in the course of advancing the blanks, moving them past a seamer to join the leg blanks and form the body portion of the garment, and (c) transferring the garment on arrival at the discharge station from the line closer holders to the suction tube supports the transfer step involving presentation of each garment leg to a respective one of said supports for the legs to be sucked into their allotted supports, stripping the garment body from the line closer holders and placing the body portion around the two supports in an everted condition step (c) being characterised by stripping the garment body from the line closer holders immediately before the garment legs are sucked into the supports. According to the present invention, therefore, it is arranged that the toe ends enter the suction tube supports after the body portion has been stripped from the line closer holders. Such early release of the body portion from the holders can enable the line closer operation to be accelerated beneficially. Stripping as aforesaid before the toe ends enter the suction tube supports is gained, in an embodiment described in detail herein, by appropriately controlling the operation of frictional drive means by which the legs are advanced in a positive and controlled manner to their allotted supports. The method defined in the last two paragraphs can be performed in conjunction with operatively juxtaposed line and toe closers used for the production of pantihose, in conjunction with operatively-juxtaposed line closers and suction everters, line closers and gusset inserting machines, and line closers and boarding machines, for instance. In terms of equipment, the present invention provides pantihose manufacturing equipment comprising (a) a line closer for receiving a pair of hose leg blanks on hose holders therefor, said holders being movable along a predetermined path to advance the blanks first past a seamer which is operative to join said blanks to form a pantihose body portion, and then to a transfer station; (b) a suction everter (e.g. of a toe closer) adjacent said transfer station for receiving the pantihose garment for everting it (e.g. in readiness for closing to ends of the legs thereof) the everter having a pair of suction tubes each to receive therein, by suction, a respective garment leg; and (c) a transfer mechanism at the transfer station which is operative (i) to strip the body portion of the garment from the line closer holders and (ii) to carry said body portion to the everter and to dispose the body portion therearound in an everted condition, the equipment being characterised in that the transfer mechanism is operative to take hold of the said body portion and to strip it from the line closer holders immediately before the legs are presented to the suction tubes. The present invention provides for the operative interconnection of two machines which perform sequential work operations on hose, for instance a pantihose line closer and a toe closer or a line closer and a gusset inserting machine. The apparatus according to the invention enables each hose leg of a joined pair thereof to be presented correctly to a respective one of a pair of adjacent suction tubes of a hose everting or mounting device, of a toe closer, for instance. The invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a general arrangement in plan view showing apparatus which may embody the invention for transporting hose between the leg supports of two hosiery machines, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of part of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of the apparatus as seen in the general direction of Arrow A in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a fragmentary perspective view of a delivery end of the apparatus according to the invention. The apparatus according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 is for transporting or guiding the legs of part-finished pantihose mounted on support means 11 of a line closer L to a pair of adjacent supports 12 of a toe closer T. One such line closer is made by Takatori Machinery Works Limited of Yamatotakada City, Japan, under several model numbers LC-240, LC-280 and LC-320. Exemplary toe closers are noted hereinbefore. The apparatus being described ensures the hose legs reach the supports 12 of the toe closer T in such a manner that each hose leg is presented properly to the correct one of said supports 12. The line closer L has a plurality of hose supporters mounted at intervals about a horizontal carousel which rotates around a vertical central axis. Each supporter comprises a pair of leg supports 11, designed to hold two knitted legs to be joined. These supports 11 are parallel and adjacent at a loading station I of the line closer L. In Fig. 1 a hose supporter is shown in an open condition at a discharge station II. Following discharge, the leg supports are moved parallel and close to one another again ready for receiving new hose. In the course of their travel from station I to station II, the leg supports 11 are spread apart, properly to present the hose legs thereon to cutting and seaming means at station III. It is at this station that the legs are joined by a crutch or body seam. The general organisation and operation of the line closer L will be known to the addressee. Therefore a detailed explanation is omitted. Explanation of part of the line closer as may be needed for an understanding of the present invention will be given, however, as this description proceeds. At the toe closer, the joined legs are to be presented by the apparatus 10 to the mouths of two parallel and adjacent suction tubes 12′, and 12″ of a hose support 12 of the toe closer. Desirably it is the toe end portion which is presented first to the suction tubes 12′, 12″, but it does not matter if the portion of the hose presented thereto is not actually the toe end. The body part of the pantihose is, however, to be drawn over or around the support 12. In the commercial toe closers mentioned above, there are several such supports 12. Each comprises two suction tubes which are flanked by a respective pair of flat, diametrically-opposed blades (not shown). The requirement for the toe ends and legs reliably to enter the correct suction tubes 12′, 12″ of support 12 has created the need for the present apparatus 10. Means for stripping the body portion of a part-finished pantihose H from a supporter of the line closer L and for loading the body portion onto a toe closer support 12 are not illustrated in Fig. 1, to avoid over-complicating the drawing. An exemplary stripping and loading mechanism is shown in Fig. 4 and can comprise two hose grippers 13 affixed to a carriage 14 reciprocally-movable, along a rail 15 lead screw or the like, lengthwise of the support 12. In a forwardmost position of the carriage 14, the two grippers 13 are moved into engagement with the waistband of a pantihose garment H mounted on the line closer supporter. This movement may involve one gripper moving downwardly from above the supporter and one upwardly from below. One gripper 13 takes hold of the waistband portion in the region of P while the other takes hold of a diametrically-opposed portion. Once the grippers have hold of the waistband, the carriage 14 is caused to travel (in the direction of arrow X) towards the toe closer turret from which the toe closer supports 12 project. During an initial part of the travel of the carriage 14, the grippers 13 strip the pantihose from the leg supports 11 of the line closer L. During a subsequent part of said travel, the grippers draw the pantihose body onto the two adjacent suction tubes of toe closer support 12. By this time, the pantihose legs 20, 21 are located within the respective suction tubes 12′, 12″ of the support 12. To assure unhindered mounting on support 12, the grippers 13 may move apart (in the direction of arrow Y) to "open" the body during an appropriate part of the carriage travel. It will be seen that the toe closer T is so disposed that its supports 12 extend in the direction of the line closer discharge station II. Moreover, as the toe closer turret indexes bringing supports 12 successively to this station, the suction tubes 12′, 12″ are placed in positions adjacent a delivery end of the apparatus 10. At the discharge station, the supports 11 of line closer L are in a horizontal plane. The suction tubes 12′, 12″ may likewise be in a horizontal plane although, depending on the precise construction of the toe closer T, they may be in a vertical plane or in a plane inclined at some other angle between the horizontal and vertical. The apparatus 10 has its delivery end configured according to the disposition of the tubes, so as to deliver each hose leg reliably to the open end of its proper suction tube. Moreover, depending on the angular relationship between the (horizontal) supports 11 of the line closer L and the support tubes 12′, 12″ of the toe closer T, the stripping and loading mechanism may be required to rotate the hose body through a certain angle in the course of its transfer operation. The normal requirement would be for the body seam to be located equidistantly between the said two suction tubes 12′, 12″, and in a plane normal to the plane containing the two tubes. Hose rotation can be effected by rotating the grippers 13 as a unit relative to the carriage 14 or to the rail 15, depending on the construction of the stripping and loading mechanism. The standard line closer L has a circular, horizontal rail encircling its carousel 26. In use, the machine operator mounts the welt ends of two separate legs on the leg supports 11 and drapes the lower leg portions over the rail. The legs remain draped over the rail as the carousel rotates, carrying them towards the discharge station II. In the absence of this invention, it is not possible for the draped legs to be presented properly to the suction tubes 12′, 12″ at the station II. The exemplary equipment illustrated includes means to separate the hose legs as they are moved with the carousel 26 towards the discharge station II. The separating means comprises two stationary, arcuate guide rails 28, 30 both of which extend around the periphery of the line closer L to the discharge station II. The first rail 28 extends from the loading station (I). In use, the operator drapes both hose legs over this rail in the course of loading hose onto the line closer L. Rail 28 may be the circular rail already forming part of the commercial Takatori line closer or a modification thereof. Modification may be needed e.g. to dispose its discharge end 29 at a height and radial position suiting a related one of the suction tubes 12″ of the toe closer T. The second rail 30 has an upstream end 31 adjacent but downstream of the loading station I. Upstream end 31 is tapered and is located beside the path B swept by the outer ends of the leg supports 11 as the carousel 26 rotates. Further, said end 31 is positioned such that the two legs 20, 21 extending fom the supports 11 to the rail 28 are respectively caused to pass over and under rail 30. Lower leg 21 passes under rail 30 while upper leg 20 passes over rail 30. The end 31 is therefore interposed between the legs 20, 21 moving with the carousel 26. Away from its end 31, rail 30 curves outwardly and upwardly. When viewed in plan, the rails 28, 30 will be seen to cross at 32. At this point, rail 30 is above rail 28. Beyond 32, proceeding in the direction of discharge station II, the rail 30 continues to curve outwardly until it is disposed both above and radially beyond rail 28. The shape of rail 30 can be considered to be a gentle spiral when view in plan, but in reality is a gentle helix. The outward and upward divergence of rail 30 relative to path B and rail 28 results in the moving hose legs 20, 21 being guided along divergent paths of movement and thereby being separated from one another. Both legs 20, 21 are draped over their respective rails 30, 28 and from point 32 onwards, the hanging portion of leg 20 is radially outside the hanging portion of leg 21. The rails 28, 30 keep the moving hose legs separate and guide their respective legs thus to the associated suction tube 12′, 12″. In the illustrated equipment, at the station II it happens that the suction tubes 12′, 12″ are in different horizontal and vertical planes. The ends 29, 33 of the rails 28, 30 are similarly spaced apart and are located beside the mouths of their associated tubes (12″ and 12′ respectively). The arrangement ensures upper hose leg 20 on rail 30 only enters tube 12′ while lower leg 21 on rail 28 only enters tube 12″. There will be frictional drag as the legs 20, 21 slide around the rails. The result is that the legs lag behind the moving leg supports 11. For properly timed operation, it is required to control the movement of the legs 20, 21 so that they are already installed in their proper tubes 12′,12″ by the time the stripping and loading mechanism places the hose body on the toe closer T. For reliable and repeatable operation, therefore, we provide controlled means to move the legs, the said means comprising two conveyers to be described. These conveyors substantially contribute to the successful loading of the legs into their correct suction tubes and hence are a preferred feature of this embodiment. Each conveyor 40, 41 comprises an endless belt 42 trained around drive 43 and idler 44 pulleys, and driven by an electric motor preferably of variable speed type. For clarity of illustration only conveyor 40 is shown in Fig. 1. Both conveyors are shown in Fig. 4. Conveyor 40 advances the hanging portion of upper hose leg 20 along the rail 30 to rail end 33 and thence to the nearer suction tube 12′. Conveyor 41 advances the hanging portion of lower hose leg 21 somewhat beyond the rail end 33 and the nearer suction tube 12′, to a position in front of the farther suction tube 12″. Conveyor 41 thus advances leg 21 to the end 29 of associated rail 28, and thereupon releases the leg 21 to tube 12″. The conveyors 40, 41 might be continuously or intermittently driven. Each conveyor belt 42 could have its conveying flight running on the associated rail. However, in the preferred embodiment illustrated each of the conveying flights runs against a vertical support panel or skirt 44, 46. Said skirts depend from the rails 28, 30 and extend therealong upstream from their ends 29, 33 to positions in the vicinity of the pulleys 44. The skirts 44, 46 and conveyors preclude any possibility of the draped hose legs 20, 21 tangling with one another, said skirts assisting the rails therefore in keeping the hose legs separate. The legs 20, 21 will ordinarily be the same length, of course. Rail 28 is closer to, and rail 30 is farther from, the path B so the length of lower leg 21 which hangs down from rail 28 will be greater than the length of upper leg 20 hanging from rail 30. If conveyor 41 had its conveying flight close and parallel to rail 28 (akin to conveyor 40), it could take hold of a middle part of leg 21 and present that to the suction tube 12″. Presentation of the middle part to the suction tube 12″, rather than a foot or toe end portion of the hose leg 21, could perturb hose transfer to the toe closer T. Accordingly, we position pulley 44 of conveyor 41 lower, relative to rail 28, than pulley 42. The conveyor 41 thus has its conveying flight inclined upwardly to the rail end 29. By this means, the conveyor 41 can be made to take hold of a portion of the hose leg 21 closer to the foot or toe end when the leg first reaches the conveyor. The moving conveyor belt 42 then elevates the foot or toe end portion to the region of the suction tube 12″. At least in the vicinity of the upstream ends of the conveyors, the skirt or panel 44 depending from the upper rail 30 has a sufficient depth, or vertical extent, to ensure the upper leg 20 cannot be seized by the conveyor 41. If desired, either or both guide rail 28, 30 can have its end or a terminal extension projecting laterally beyond the associated suction tube, to ensure the hose legs cannot inadvertently escape from the influence of suction in the suction tube. The invention is not limited to the apparatus being associated, as shown, with a line closer and a toe closer. For example, the apparatus 10 could transport hose on a line closer towards a boarding machine located at station II. The apparatus could transport hose, inter alia in the form of socks, towards a boarding machine from a looper line closer. Furthermore, there is no demand that the hose - or other garments - are moving in a circular path when they encounter the present apparatus. The said articles could be moving along a straight path when the limp, hanging portions thereof meet the means which separates them. Several advantages accrue from the present invention apart from the reduced handling element arising from the automatic transfer of hosiery garments from one machine to the other. Firstly, all the one operator has to do is load leg blanks onto the supports of one machine, i.e. the line closer. The operator does not have to supervise or control transfer to the other machine (the toe closer), since transfer is wholly automatic and the apparatus itself ensures the hose legs are presented to the proper toe closer suction tubes at the proper time. the operator neither has to separate the leg blanks while loading the line closer nor to ensure they remain separated, since the above apparatus separates the legs itself. As is already known, the toe closer can be unloaded without operator intervention. Accordingly the only task incumbent on the operator is that of placing leg blanks on the line closer supports. Such a simple task puts no undue demands on the operator and, thanks to the minimal manual actions, excellent production rates will be attainable. The invention is not limited, so far as concerns hosiery manufacture, to garment transfer, specifically from a line closer to a toe closer. For example, the transfer or loading apparatus 10 disclosed above could be incorporated in any hosiery conveyor provided in a hosiery manufactory for delivering pantihose to a production machine the needs of which demand that the legs of arriving garments be separated. A toe closer is exemplary of such a machine. Another example is a boarding machine which has a pair of leg forms over which the legs are to be drawn for boarding. One such machine is disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,434,918 to Hodges. Yet another example is a gusset-inserting machine of the general type disclosed in GB 2,001,238 to Flude. Such a machine has a gussetting head onto which a body portion of the pantihose is mounted. The gussetting head is conveniently associated with suction tube leg receivers operable while the body portion is being mounted on the gussetting head. Mounting of the body portion is a task fulfilled by a stripping and loading mechanism such as has been described in connection with Fig. 4. The apparatus 10 is primarily designed, however, as a means operatively to link a line closer with a toe closer or with a gusset inserting machine. Various modifications and various applications of the present invention will occur to the addressee, and such modifications as fall within the novel aspects of this invention are to be regarded within the scope of the invention. In the illustrated embodiment, frictional drive means comprising the conveyers 40, 41 are located adjacent the station whereat the pantihose garment is transferred to the toe closer T, so as to engage or grip the legs of the garment during their final approach to said transfer station. Each conveyor could, however, extend appreciably further upstream than in the accompanying illustrations. This could facilitate proper control of the garment during its movement towards the transfer station, to ensure the individual legs and body portion arrive thereat in properly timed sequence. It may be beneficial for the conveyors to extend as far upstream from the transfer station as the vicinity of the operator's loading station I. The operator will then place the hose legs on their respective supports 11 and offer their limp portions to the respective conveyors therefor. Said conveyors can be trained to run each in contact with a respective one of the opposite sides of a single guide rail. With such an extended conveying means, therefore, the divergent rail 30 could be omitted, and rail 28 alone employed; the depth of this rail would be increased e.g. by a vertical skirt to provide an adequate surface for contact by the conveying means.

Claims: A method of producing a pantihose garment from two open-ended leg blanks, comprising the steps of (a) placing the blanks on hose holders (11) of a line closing machine (L) ready for seaming the leg blanks together on this machine, to form a body portion of the garment; (b) advancing the blanks on the holders (11) towards a discharge station (II) of the line closer whereat is juxtaposed a suction everter having a pair of suction tube hose leg supports (12', 12") to which the garment is to be transferred and, in the course of advancing the blanks, moving them past a seamer to join the leg blanks and form the body portion of the garment (H), and (c) transferring the garment (H) on arrival at the discharge station from the line closer holders (11) to the suction tube supports (12', 12") the transfer step involving presentation of each garment leg to a respective one of said supports (12', 12") for the legs to be sucked into their allotted supports, stripping the garment body from the line closer holders (11) and placing the body portion around the two supports (12', 12") in an everted condition; step (c) being characterised by stripping the garment body from the line closer holders (11) immediately before the garment legs (20, 21) are sucked into the supports (12', 12"). A method according to claim 1, wherein the suction everter having the pair of leg supports (12', 12") is part of a toe closer (T), and after transferring the garment (H) to the leg supports (12', 12"), closing toe ends of the blanks by operation of the toe closer (T). A method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein in step (b) leg portions of the blanks are advanced separated from one another, to the discharge station (II) and at least in their final approach to the said station, the leg portions are engaged by frictional drive means, for example the said leg portions are gripped between the drive means and associated guide means, and thereby each leg portion is individually and positively advanced in a controlled manner toward its allotted suction tube support (12', 12"). A method according to claim 3, wherein endless loop conveying means are used as the frictional drive means. A method according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the leg portions are separated consequential upon their movement in the direction of the discharge station (II), the leg portions being displaced relative to each other so as to separate them, by causing them to advance along different, diverging paths each leading toward a respective one of the suction tube supports (12', 12"). A method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the leg blanks are moved along a generally circular path towards the said station (II), one limp leg portion (21) being moved along a circular path defined by a circularly-shaped guide member (28) over which the leg portion is draped and the other, limp leg portion (20) is moved along an adjacent path defined by a second guide member (30) having a portion of substantially helical shape. Pantihose manufacturing equipment comprising (a) a line closer (L) for receiving a pair of hose leg blanks (20, 21) on hose holders (11) therefor, said holders being movable along a predetermined path to advance the blanks first past a seamer which is operative to join said blanks to form a pantihose body portion (P), and then to a transfer station; (b) a suction everter (e.g. of a toe closer (T)) adjacent said transfer station for receiving the pantihose garment (H) for everting it (e.g. in readiness for closing toe ends of the legs (20, 21) thereof) the everter having a pair of suction tubes (12', 12") each to receive therein, by suction, a respective garment leg (20, 21); and (c) a transfer mechanism (13, 14, 15) at the transfer station which is operative (i) to strip the body portion (P) of the garment (H) from the line closer holders (11) and (ii) to carry said body portion to the everter and to dispose the body portion therearound in an everted condition, the equipment being characterised in that the transfer mechanism is operative to take hold of the said body portion (P) and to strip it from the line closer holders (11) immediately before the legs (20, 21) are presented to the suction tubes (12', 12"). Equipment according to claim 7, wherein the line closer (L) is adapted to advance the leg blanks separated from one another toward the transfer station and is furnished with frictional drive means for engagement by the leg blanks for individually and positively advancing limp portions of the leg blanks in a controlled manner to their allotted suction tubes (12', 12"). Equipment according to claim 8, wherein endless loop conveying means comprise the frictional drive means. Equipment according to claim 8 or claim 9, wherein the frictional drive means is operative to engage and advance the limp portions at least in the course of their final approach to the transfer station (II). Equipment according to claim 7, 8, 9 or 10, wherein the line closer (L) includes elongate guide means (28, 30) extending toward the suction tubes (12′, 12″) over which limp portions of said leg blanks are draped and advanced in use, the guide means having a configuration that, consequential on the movement of the garments therealong, is operative to effect a relative separating displacement of the limp portions. Equipment according to claim 11, wherein the guide means for said limp portions comprise divergent rails (28, 30), one to support each limp portion in its movement, the rails extending toward the respective suction tubes (12′, 12″). Equipment according to claim 12, wherein one rail (30) has an end (31) locating adjacent an intermediate portion of the other rail (28), such that in operation when two limp portions (20, 21) draped over said other rail (28) are advanced therealong towards the said end of one rail (30), the latter rail is interposed between said limp portions and thereafter they are draped one over each rail, one rail for example being of circular shape, and the other rail having a helically shaped portion diverging upwardly and outwardly from the said one rail.

Inventors: HODGES, MICHAEL JOHN
Applicants: DETEXOMAT MACHINERY LIMITED
Application year: 1985
Main classification: D05B23
IPC codes: D05B33, D05B23