ROOF PANEL

Abstract: A roof panel (1), which includes a support course (12) for the supporting of a water-impervious layer (11) or for the supporting of a windproof layer. The roof panel additionally includes a lower diffusionproof layer (15) and normally one insulating course (14) located in the region between the lower diffusionproof layer and the support course. In accordance with the invention the roof panel is disposed with a frame (16) which forms the outer edges (20-23) of the roof panel, in addition to which the frame along opposite edges is disposed with devices in order to affix adjacent roof panels in relation to one another and in order to affix the roof panels to a substrate (4) e.g. a roof truss, a support wall etc.

Description: Eoof Panel The present invention relates to a roof panel, which includes a support coursefor the supporting of a water-impervious layer or of a windproof layer, a lower diffusionproof layer and at least one insulating course located in the region between the lower diffusion- proof layer and the coursefor the supporting of the water-impervious layer, and more specifically, the invention relates to a roof panel disposed with a frame, which forms the outer edges of the roof pa¬ nel, in addition to which the frame along opposite edges is dis¬ posed with devices in order to affix in relation to one another roof panels located adjacent to one another. The constantly rising costs of material and labour in conjunction with building operations have led to an ever-increasing use of pre¬ fabricated units on building sites. By this means an overwhelming proportion of the manual labour can be performed indoors, while the extent of the labour on the building site can be reduced. This . leads to a rise in the quality of the completed building, since the bulk of the work takes place in an environment that is controlled with respect to wind and weather. These improvements to quality are especially noticeable in the use of constructional units that con- tain all walls or roof sections counted from the inside of the com¬ pleted building to its outside. The present invention relates to a roof panel, which at least in certain embodiments is supplied to the building site in a completely finished condition, i.e. with both outer water-repellent roof cladding and completed inner roof cladding. In accordance with the invention the roof panel consists of a frame, which is preferably formed of joined steel or aluminium beams. The frame forms the outer edges of the roof panel. The roof panel insludes a course for the supporting of a water-impervious layer which com¬ prises the outer roof cladding. Hereinafter the term support course is used for this aforementioned course. In certain embodiments the support course comprises a substrate for a windproof layer above which is disposed a separate water-impervious layer and which is e.g. comprised by corrugated sheet. In the vicinity of the under side of the roof paneϊ there is disposed a lower diffusionproof layer, in addition to which an insulating course is located in the region between the lower diffusionproof layer and the support 10 course. Along one of its edges the roof panel is disposed with a section facing outwards from the edge and located predominatly be¬ low the limitation surface, which section forms an upwards-facing recess.The opposite edge of the roof panel is disposed with a de¬ vice located below the lower limitation surface, the outer dimen- •J5 sions of said device being adapted to the inner dimensions of the recess so that with the panels placed edge to edge, the device of the one roof panel fits into the recess of the other roof panel, by which means the roof panels are locked in relation to one another. In a preferred embodiment the remaining two edges of the frame are 20 disposed in their upper edge regions for interaction with one another. Thus one of the edges has in its upper region an outwards-facing flange, while the other edge has in its upper region an inwards- facing flange, whereby the positions of the outwards-facing flange and the inwards-facing flange are so selected that with. two roof panels 25 placed edge to edge the outwards-facing flange is located above the inwards-facing flange in order to allow the affixing of both flanges to one another. In a further preferred embodiment one of the edges stated in the preceding paragraph is disposed with ' an outwards-facing flange in 30 . the lower region of the edge, whereby the lower limitation surface of the outwards-facing flange is preferably located somewhat below the lower limitation surface of the roof panel. The outwards-facing flange thereby comprises a support device in the abutment of the roof panel against a substrate, e.g. a roof beam, and additionally comprises a device for affixing the roof panel to the substrate. In another embodiment the lower diffusionproof layer in the vici¬ nity of the edges of the frame is drawn upwards towards the upper limitation surface of the roof panel and preferably reaches up to the region for said surface. In a further embodiment the frame is disposed with transverse auxi¬ liary beams, which run between two opposite edges of the frame. The auxiliary beams stabilise the frame and additionally comprise in certain examples of applications support devices for disc-shaped panels which form a lower limitation layer of the roof panel, e.g. form the inner cladding of the completed roof. In a further preferred embodiment the roof panel in the region be¬ tween the upper water-impervious layer and the upper limita¬ tion of the frame is disposed with an insulating course. This re- duces the risk of thermal bridges, e.g. formed by the frame of the roof panel . In another preferred embodiment the windproof layer, the upper in¬ sulating course and/or the support course form protruding portions along two adjacent edges. Said layers or courses are in the case of the remaining two edges recessed in order to form regions in which the roof panel is exposed so that in two adjacently located roof panels the protruding portions cover the adjacently located exposed edge regions of two roof panels. The upper insulating course comprises in yet another embodiment of the invention the support course for the water-impervious layer. The invention is described in greater detail with reference to a number of figures, where fig. 1 a,b illustrate a cross-section and a longitudinal sec¬ tion, respectively, through a roof panel in accordance with one embodiment of the invention fig. 2 illustrates a cross-section through an alternative embodiment of the invention, fig. 3 illustrates a cross-section through the edge regions of two roof panels placed edge to edge and fig. 4 illustrates a longitudinal section through the edge regions of two roof panels placed edge to edge. The figures show embodiments of a roof panel 1, which includes a frame 16, preferably composed of steel or aluminium beams, whereby the frame forms outer edges 20-23 of the roof panel. Along the first edge 20 the frame is disposed with a section 24 facing outwards from the edge, which section forms an upwards-facing recess 25. This out¬ wards-facing section is predominantly located below the lower limita¬ tion surface 10 of the roof panel. The opposite edge 22 of the frame is disposed with a device 26, located behind the edge, which forms a downwards-facing protuberance. The device 26 has its outer shape and its outer dimensions adapted to the inner shape and dimensions of the recess 25 so that the device 26 fits into the recess 25. The remaining two edges 21,23 of the frame are also disposed for interaction with one another. The one edge 21 is in its upper edge region disposed with an outwards-facing flange 27, and the opposite edge is in its upper edge region provided with an inwards-facing flange 29. The positions and dimensions of the outwards-facing flange 27 and the inwards-facing flange 29 are so selected that with the panels placed next to one another the outwards-facing flange 27 is located above the inwards-facing flange 29. The flanges are as a rule dimensioned such that in the case of installed units the upper¬ most outwards-facing flange 27 leaves a strip-like region exposed on the underlying inwards-facing flange 29, in order to facilitate the affixing of the flanges to one another by e.g. a welding procedure. By this means there is obtained the ability to affix the two flanges and thus two adjacent roof panels to one another. The edge 23 with the inwards-facing flange 29 is moreover provided in its lower edge region with an outwards-facing flange 28, whose lower li ita- tion surface is located below the lower limitation surface 10 of the roof panel. The outwards-facing flange 28 comprises both a support device during the abutment of the roof panel against a substrate, and anaffixing device during the attachment of the roof panel to the substrate. The roof panel is disposed along all its edges with longitudinal sealing strips 38,39, and, as a rule, certain sealing strips 38',38 " are placed in the vicinity of the upper region of each edge, and certain sealing strips 39^39'in the vicinity of the lower region of each edge. There is thus preferably selected a location in the recess 25 for the edge strip 39" which is disposed in the vicinity of the edge 20. When roof panels are mounted, the sealings strips thus seal the gaps between the roof panels. Fig. 4 illustrates how the roof panel is affixed in that a screw 41 is inserted through a hole in the flange 28 and tightened in position in a substrate 4, which e.g. comprises a roof beam, a support wall etc. In certain applications e.g. the flange is wel¬ ded or glued to the substrate. Figures 3 and 4 shows how sealing strips 38,39 are compressed between two adjacent edges of unin- stalled panels. The figures further show that the roof panel includes a support course 12,19 for a water-impervious layer 11 or for a windproof layer 18. In addition the roof panel includes a lower diffusion¬ proof layer 15 and at least one insulating course 14, located in the region between the lower diffusionproof layer and the support course. In the embodiment shown in the figures the lower diffusion¬ proof layer 15 in the vicinity of the edges 20-23 is drawn up to¬ wards the upper limitation surface of the roof panel and preferably reaches up to the region for said surface. The figures further show an embodiment where the roof panel is provided with a lower limitation course 13 which simultaneously comprises the inner cladding of the finished roof. In its edge regions the roof panel is thus disposed with holding devices 37, in order to affix the disc-shaped panels which are located nearest to the edges of the board. In certain applications the lower limitation course 13 is not included in the roof panel supplied to the build¬ ing site, but is installed at the site, in that the plate-shaped panel 33 is inserted between two transverse auxiliary beams 32, which are disposed between two opposite edges of the frame (com¬ pare fig. 1b). Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the invention where there is disposed in the region between the upper water-impervious layer 11" and the upper limitation of the frame 16 an insulating course 17. This com- prises simultaneously a support course for the water-impervious layer. By means of the insulating course 17 the thermal bridges which would otherwise be formed ' by the frame 16 are chiefly eliminated. The fig¬ ure further shows that the water-impervious layer 11" as well as the insulating course 17 along the one edge 22 form a protruding portion 34, while the insulating course and the water-impervious layer at the other edge 20 are recessed in order to form regions 35 in which the roof panel is freed from said courses or layers. As a rule two adjacently located edges of one and the same roof panel are disposed with such protruding protions and provided with recessed regions, re- spectively. When roof panels are placed edge to edge the join between two adjacent roof panels will thus be covered by the protruding por¬ tions 34. In order to achieve a perfect seal it is naturally necessary to sealingly attach a strip of water-impervious material over the join between the layers of water-impervious material in the adjacent roof panels. In certain applications the water-impervious layer is extended beyond the protruding portion 34 in order to form the equivalent of the aforementioned strip. In the embodiment of the invention shown in fig. 1b the equivalent of the sealing effect described in the preceding paragraph is a- chieved in that the layer 11 " of water-impervious material is com¬ prised by a separate roof coating, which is attached to the roof once the roof panel has been installed. In order to eliminate draughts in the gaps between the roof panels the windproof layer 18 forms in certain embodiments protruding portions 36, which are preferably disposed at two adjacent edges of one and the same roof panel . Figures 3 and 4 show in detail how two roof panels of the embodi- ment which has been shown in figures 1 a,b are placed edge to edge. The outwards-facing section 24 thereby encloses with its recess 25 the downwards-facing device 26 of the adjacent roof panel , thereby locking the roof panels in relation to one another. It will be seen from fig. 4 that every roof panel is affixed to the substrate 4 along a residual edge 23, in that the out-wards-facing flange 28 is attached to the substrate. The figure shows that the flange is bolted in position, although other methods of affixing may obvious¬ ly be applied, e.g. welding* glueing etc. In its upper edge region the inwards-facing flange 29 is united with the outwards-facing flange 27 of the adjacently located roof panel. Such affixing takes place preferably by means of welding. By this means both the roof panels are thus affixed to the substrate. It will be evident especially from fig. 4 that one the left-hand roof panel shown in the figure has been bolted in position in the substrate, the right-hand roof panel is put in place, whereby its outwards-facing flange 27 will rest against the inwards-facing flange 29 of the first installed roof panel. By folding up the windproof layer 18 both the outwards-facing flange 27 and the inwards-facing flange 29 will be exposed, after which the flanges are affixed to one another, e.g. by means of welding in position, bolting toge¬ ther, etc. The protruding portions 36 of the windproof course 18 are then laid down and the upper water-impervious layer 11, which in this embodiment is comprised by a separate outer cladding, is laid in place and affixed to the roof. It will be evident from the description that the roof panels allow an adaptation of the mechanical stability of installed roof such that a very stable and rigid structure is provided as required. By this means it is possible to allow the roof to absorb and distribute forces (e.g. dependent on wind load) down to the foundations of the building. This lowers the cost of the building by eliminating the need for stabilising cross!aid struts. The foregoing detailed description has made reference solely to two embodiments of the invention, but it will be easily understood to a person skilledin the art that the invention accommodates a large number of embodiments with the framework of the claims hereinafter.

Claims: CLAIMS 1. Roof panel (1) which includes a support course (12,19) for a water-impervious layer (11) or for a windproof layer (18), a lower diffusionproof layer (15) and normally one insulating course (14) located in the region between the lower diffusion- proof layer and support course, in addition to which the roof panel is disposed with a frame (16), characterised in that the frame forms all outer edges (20-23) of the roof panel, that the frame in the vicinity of the upper limitation surface of the roof panel along a first edge (21) of two opposite edges in-. 0 cludesan outwards-facing flange (27) and along the second (23) of the opposite edges an inwards-facing flange (29), the dimensions and positions of the two flanges being so selected --■ - - that, for the purpose of affixing two adjacently located roof panels by means of external means, e.g. welded joins in the 5 case of a low roof, the outwards-facing flange (27) is located above the inwards-facing flange (29) and rests thereupon, and that the edge (23) with the inwards-facing flange (29) also in¬ cludes an outwards-facingflange (28) located below the lower limi¬ tation surface of the roof panel, which outwards-facing flange (28) forms both support- and joining elements for the connection of the roof panel and thus the roof to a substrate, e.g. a roof beam. 2. Roof panel as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that of the edges (20,22) of the frame which join the edges (21,23) to the outwards-facing flanges (27,28), the one edge (20) is in the vicinity of the lower limitation surface (10) of the roof panel provided with a section (24), located predominantly below the limitation surface and facing outwards from the edge, which sec¬ tion forms an upwards-facing recess (25) and that along the second and opposite edge (22) of the frame there is disposed a a device (26), located predominantly below the lower limitation outer surface and behind the edge, the/dimensions of said device being adapted to the inner dimensions of the recess (25) so that in the case of two adjacently located panels, the device (26) of one of the roof panels fits into the recess (25) of the second roof panel for locking of the roof panels in relation to one another during the installation of the roof. 3. Roof panel as claimed in any of the preceding claims, charac¬ terised in that the lower diffusionproof layer (15) in the vici¬ nity of the edges (20-23) is drawn up towards the upper limita¬ tion surface of the roof panel and preferably reaches up to the region for said surface. 4. Roof panel as claimed in any of the preceding claims, charac¬ terised in that transverse auxiliary beams (32) are disposed between two opposite edges and that the auxiliary beams support between themselves pTate-shaped panels (33) which form a lower limitation course (13) in the roof panel. 5. Roof panel as claimed in any of the preceding claims, charac¬ terised in that in the region between the upper water-imper¬ vious layer (11") and the upper limitation of the frame (16) there is disposed an insulating course (17) in order to reduce the tendency towards thermal bridges in the roof panel, e.g. formed by the frame (16). 6. Roof panel as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that along two adjacently located edges (22,23) the windproof layer (18), the upper insulating course (17), the support course (12) and/or the water-impervious layer form protruding portions (34) which in the remaining two edges (20,21) are equivalent to recessed regions (35) in which the roof panel is freed from said courses or layers, so that in two adjacently located roof panels the protruding portions (34) cover at least the adjacently located freed edge regions (35) of the two roof panels. 7. Roof panel as claim in claim 5, characterised in that the upper insulating course (17) forms the support course (12) for the water-impervious layer (11).

Inventors: FROEISETH PER, FROEISETH, PER
Applicants: FROEISETH PER, FROISETH INGRID, FROEISETH, PER, FROISETH, INGRID
Application year: 1985
Main classification: E04C2
IPC codes: E04B7, E04D3