UNIT MARINE STRUCTURE

Abstract: In order to set a unit structure on a soft sea bed, it is necessary to reform the soft sea bed by injecting a cement-­ containing hardening agent thereinto and kneading the mix­ ture of the hardening agent and the earth in the sea bed, for the purpose of preventing a building to be constructed on the unit structure from being displaced or deformed due to the load on the unit structure and the horizontal load. A unit structure is set on such a reformed sea bed, and used for the drilling of an experimental oil well and the production of oil at sea.

Description: DESCRIPTION r OFFSHORE UNIT STRUCTURE Technical Field The present invention relates to an offshore unit structure. When building up an offshore unit structure on a sea-bottom soft ground, in order to prevent the structure from being deformed by gravitational load of the structure or by horizontal load given thereto, a cement type solidifying agent is impregnated into and mixed with such soft ground to construct a unit-volume reformed ground, and the desired structure is built up on such reformed ground. The present invention can be also applied to a unit structure used in prospecting for or production of oil in the sea. Baclcground Art For prospecting for or production of oil in the sea such as the Arctic Ocean, it is required to build up a platform or artificial island at every spot well head. In the Arctic Ocean, however, the structure built up on the sea bottom is subject to a heavy horizontal load by ice, and even a slight slide of the structure in the horizontal direction due to such ice load or an earthquake may cause serious damage to the pipes and other members which run deep into the sea bottom ground, so that the platform or artificial island must be costructed firm and steadfast. In the case of the conventional construction methods, it costs a great deal to build up such a structure, and the built-up structure has the problem in safety. Further, the conventional construction of the structure requires too much time, and therefore it is hardly possible to build up the structure during the short summer in the Arctic. Disclosure of Invention The present invention is intended to solve these prior art problems and has as an object the provision of an offshore unit structure which is firm and stable and enables a low-cost, rapid construction thereof. In accordance with the present invention, a cement type solidifying agent is impregnated into and mixed with the soft ground of the sea bottom to construct a unit-volume reformed ground, and a unit structure body is built up on such reformed ground either directly or with the medium of rubble-mound. Brief Description of Drawings Fig. 1 is a side view of the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the principal parts of the first embodiment. Figs. 3 to , are perspective views showing the several forms of the reformed ground. Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the third embodiment of the present invention. Best Mode For Carrying Out The Invention The present invention is further described below by way of the embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate a first embodiment of the present invention. In these drawings, A denotes a sea-bottom soft ground, and B denotes a support ground beneath said soft ground. In accordance with this invention, an underground mixing and processing apparatus provided with excavating blades and agitating elements is run into the sea-bottom soft ground A from a work boat and a cement type solidifying agent is charged into the ground A through said apparatus. Thus, said solidifying agent is impregnated into and mixed with the subsoil in said soft ground A, thereby constructing a unit-volume reformed (solidified) ground 1 which reaches the support ground B. Then rubble-mound 2 is laid over said reformed ground 1 and a unit structure body such as a platform 3 is built up on said rubble-mound 2. The reformed ground 1 may be profiled in diverse ways. For e;cample, it may take a rectangular form as a whole, such as walllilce as shown in Fig. 3, block-type as shown in Fig. 4, and latticeshaped as shown in Fig. 5, and also may take a columnar form as a whole, such as concentric double-column as shown in Fig. 6, wheel lilte as shown in Fig. 7, and block-type as shown in Fig. 9. The platform 3, made of steel or concrete, has a skirt 32 extending downward from the periphery of a platform base 31, said skirt 32 encircling the reformed ground 1. Also, a plurality of raised strips 33 are provided on the underside of said base 31 so that they are thrust into rubble-mound 2. The profile of said platform base may be properly selected in accordance with the configuration of reformed ground 1. The raised strips 33 may be formed sharp-edged so that they may be easily thrust into the rubble-mound. Being provided and constructed as described above, the structure of this invention can resist against the gravitational force by virtue of the compressive stress of reformed ground 1, while the sliding force given thereto in the horizontal direction can be counteracted by the shearing stress of skirt 32 and raised strips 33, the shearing stress of rubble-mound 2, the shearing stress produced between rubble-mound 2 and reformed ground 1, the shearing stress of reformed ground 4, and the shearing stress at the bottom of reformed ground 1. Thus, the structure of this invention is firm and steadfast against horizontal ice load or earthquake. Wen prospecting for oil has ended and the platform 3 is no longer needed, it can be hoisted up and moved away. As a modification of the above-described embodiment, platform 3 may be directly built up on reformed ground 1, with no medium of rubble-mound 2, where the situations of the work area, the conditions in use and the other factors permit such direct building. Fig. 9 illustrates a second embodiment of the present invention In this case, rubble-mound 2 is built on and along the periphery of reformed ground 1 which is constructed in the same way as the first embodiment described above, and then earth 4 is laid on the area surrounded by said rubble-mound 2, and on this base is built an artificial island 5, which is a unit structure body in the concept of this invention, said artificial island being formed by a circumferential stone wall 51 and an earth mound 52. Fig. 10 illustrates a third embodiment of this invention, in which the artificial island 5 of the above second embodiment is surrounded by a caisson 53. On the inside of said caisson 53 is built reinforcing rubble-mound 54, and earth mound 52 is filled on the inside of said reinforcing rubble-mound 54. In both of the above second and third embodiments, gravitational force is countervailed by the compressive stress of reformed ground 1, while the sliding force in the horizontal direction can be cancelled by the shearing stress produced between artificial island 5 and rubble-mound 2 and earth 4, the shearing stress of rubble-mound 2 and earth 4, the shearing stress produced between rubble-mound 2 and earth 4 and reformed ground 1, the shearing stress of reformed ground 1, and the shearing stress at the bottom of reformed ground 1. Thus, the artificial island is firm and steadfast against horizontal ice load or earthquake. The present invention can as well be applied to a submarine unit structure. Industrial Applicability The present invention finds particularly useful application in trial drilling for or production of oil in the Arctic. The offshore unit structure according to the present invention, in its unit structure form, can resist firmly and stably against gravitational force by the reformed ground on which the structure is built. It can also counteract firmly and stably sliding force in the horizontal direction produced by horizontal ice load or earthquake, owing to the increased frictional resistance, especially that between the reformed ground and the unit structure body. Further, the structure according to this invention can be built up easily and rapidly during the short summer season in the Arctic region. moreover, waste is minimized since the structure of this invention is economical and easy to install and remove.

Claims: WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: 1. An offshore unit structure characterized in that a cement type solidifying agent is impregnated into and mixed with a sea-bottom soft ground to construct a unit-volume reformed ground and a unit structure body is built up on said reformed ground with the medium of rubble-mound or directly on said reformed ground. 2. An offshore unit structure as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said unit structure body is a platform having a skirt at the lower end of the base portion thereof. 3. An offshore unit structure as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said unit structure body is an artificial island constructed with earth and rubble-mound.

Inventors: HOSOMI, HISASHI, SUZUKI,YOSHIO TAKENAKA KOMUTEN TECHNICAL RESEARCH, YAMAMOTO, MITSUOKI TAKENAKA KOMUTEN TOKYO
Applicants: TAKENAKA KOMUTEN CO. LTD.
Application year: 1985
Main classification: E02D27
IPC codes: E02B17, E02D27, E02D3