AN ACTUATOR FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE CLUTCH

Abstract: A carrier for a motor vehicle clutch release bearing 56, the bearing having a non-rotatable race 57 and a rotatable race 58. The carrier is generally in the form of a sleeve 48 slidably disposed on the periphery of a tubular member surrounding the driveshaft from the clutch to the motor vehicle transmission. The sleeve has a flange terminating in a rim 110 in which the bearing is located e.g. by means of resiliently deflectable members 112. The rim is secured to a dust cover so that the dust cover moves axially with the bearing.

Description: A CARRIER FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE CLUTCH RELEASE BEARING The present invention relates to a carrier for a motor vehicle release bearing operated, for example, by a hydraulic slave cylinder disposed concentric to a driveshaft coupling the driven member of the clutch to a transmission input. Slave cylinders for hydraulically operating the throw-out, or clutch release, bearing of mechanical diaphgram spring clutches, for example, are bolted to the mounting face of the transmission or gearbox housing, or are bolted or made integral with the clutch bell housing. Clutch hydraulic slave cylinders, mounted concentric to the driveshaft coupling the driven member of the friction clutch to the transmission input are disclosed in our European Patent Application NO. 84301465.5. In the above application, structures are disclosed for hydraulic control apparatus for mechanical clutches, adapted to be manufactured and assembled in the form of a complete system comprising a master cylinder, a hydraulic fluid reservoir, and a flexible line interconnecting the master cylinder to the slave cylinder, the hydraulic apparatus being prefilled with hydraulic fluid prior to shipment to a motor vehicle manufacturer for installation on a motor vehicle on the motor vehicle assembly line. In such a system a carrier is provided for the clutch release bearing, the bearing having a non-rotatable race and a rotatable race, the carrier being in the form of a sleeve disposed slidably over a tubular member surrounding a direct drive connecting a clutch mechanism to a transmission and having an end in the form of a rim for housing the release bearing. An object of the present invention is to provide a further form of carrier for the release bearing. According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a carrier for a motor vehicle clutch release bearing, said bearing having a non-rotatable race and a rotatable race, said carrier being disposed slidably in use over a tubular member surrounding a driveshaft connecting a clutch mechanism to a transmission and being in the form of a sleeve slidably disposed around said tubular member and having an end forming a rim for said release bearing characterised in that said rim has resiliently deflectable retaining means enabling said release bearing to fit within said rim and connecting means is provided connecting said rim to said sleeve, whereby at least part of said release bearing is held between said retaining means and said connecting means within said rim. In one embodiment the retaining means comprises at least one finger projecting from an edge of said rim, said finger having inwardly directed abutment means for holding said relase bearing within said rim. The abutment means may include a ramp providing outward deflection of said finger upon installing said bearing within said rim. Preferably, an outwardly extending flange is provided adjacent a surface of said bearing non-rotatable race, said flange having a cut-out portion allowing said finger to project therethrough whereby said release bearing non-rotatable race is restrained against rotation with said rim. The rim may form part of a dust cover. In another embodiment said resiliently deflectable retaining means comprises at least one chordal lip at the edge of said rim, said chordal lip being elastically deflectable outwardly for allowing said bearing to be pressed within naid rim. The chordal lip may have a ramp to aid in resiliently deflecting the chordal lip. The sleeve may have and end which engages an annular piston slidable in an annular cylinder, the cylinder being defined between said tubular member and a second tubular member. According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a hydraulic slave cylinder and clutch release bearing combination disposed concentric to a motor vehicle driveshaft from a clutch mechanism to a transmission, said slave cylinder comprising walls formed by a first tubular member disposed concentric to said shaft and a second tubular member disposed concentric to said first tubular member, an annular piston slidably disposed between cylinder walls formed by said first and second tubular members said clutch release bearing being disposed peripherally around said first tubular member, said bearing having a non-rotatable race and a rotatable race, a sleeve slidably disposed around said first tubular member between said release bearing and said piston, said sleeve having an end in engagement with said piston, and a dust cover formed as a third tubular member having a portion in sliding engagement with the peripheral surface of said second tubular member, characterised in that resiliently deflectable retaining means is provided which retains said release bearing adjacent one end of said dust cover and means is provided which couples said sleeve to said dust cover for displacement of said dust cover by said sleeve. In one embodiment, said means coupling said sleeve to said dust cover comprises an outwardly extending flange at the end of said sleeve in engagement with said piston, a second sleeve disposed around said first sleeve and having an end in engagement behind said flange of said first mentioned sleeve and another end having an outwardly extending flange terminating in a rim in which said bearing is disposed, and a corresponding flange on an end of said dust cover in engagement with said second sleeve flange, said means attaching said release bearing at said one end of said dust cover comprising at least one finger projecting from the edge of said rim, said finger being elastically deflectable outwardly and having abutment means at its free end for engagement beyond said bearing non-rotatable race. In the latter case the rim of said second sleeve may define an outer housing for said non-rotatable race, said rim being provided at its end with an outwardly turned flange. The rim may include a cut-out portion in said outwardly turned flange for passage therethrough of said finger for immobilizing said sleeve against rotation relative to said dust cover. The finger abutment means may comprise a ramp to aid outward deflection of said finger. In another embodiment of gaid other aspect of the invention, said means coupling said sleeve to said dust cover comprises an outwardly extending flange at the other end of said sleeve said flange terminating in a rim in which said bearing is disposed, a corresponding flange at an end of said dust cover, said flange terminating in a rim disposed around said sleeve rim and one-way interlocking means attaching said sleeve rim and said dust cover rim, and said means retaining said release bearing at said one end of said dust cover comprises at least one chordal lip at the edge of said sleeve rim, said chordal lip being elastically deflected outwardly for allowing gaid bearing to be pressed within said rim. In the latter case, the interlocking means may comprise at least one lug projecting from one of said rimg and a corresponding recess formed in the other of said rims, said lug having an abutment surface and said recess having an edge whereby 8aid lug abutment surface engages said recess edge after passage of said lug into said recess. Preferably, said lug has a ramp for aiding resilient deformation of at least one of said rims for enabling said lug to snap into said recess. According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided an actuator for vehicle clutch including actuating means for transmitting movement to a release bearing housed within a rim of a tubular member, and a protective cover connected to the member characterised in that the protective cover has resiliently deflectable retaining means engageable with the rim which enables the protective cover and rim to snap-fit together. Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a clutch hydraulic control apparatus utilising a carrier according to the present invention; Fig. 2 is a side elevation view of a portion of the slave cylinder; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section thereof along line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a partial cross-section thereof on the plane of line 4-4 of FIG. 3; Fig. 5 is a front elevation view thereof from line 5-5 of Fig.2 Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but showing a modification thereof with portions broken away to show a part of the internal structure; FIG. 7 is a partial longitudinal section from line 7-7 of FIG. 6; FIG. 8 is a front elevational view thereof from line 8-8 of FIG. 6; ; and FIG. 9 is an exploded view of a portion of the structure illustrated at FIGS. 6-8. i F¯ Referring to the drawing, and more particularly to FIG. 1, a motor vehicle transmission is schematically illustrated as comprising a friction clutch assembly 11 and a gearbox or transmission 12 enclosed in a casing as. A driveshaft 13 drives the gearbox 12 from the clutch assembly 11. A bell housing 14, surrounding the clutch assembly 11, is bolted on the rear face of the motor vehicle engine, not shown. The rear face 21 of tlie bell housing 14 is bolted to the face 22 of the gearbox casing 15. An annular hydraulic slave cylinder 16 is disposed arourld the driveshaft 13 within the bell housing 14. In the example of structure illustrated, the slave cylinder 16 has a radially outwardly projecting portion or lug 17 which is disposed ill a radial groove or channel 18 formed in the rear face 21 of the clutch bell housing 14 attached to the face 22 of the gearbox casing 15, such that the projecting portion or lug 17 is sandwiched between the face 21 of the bell housing 14 and title face 22 of the gearbox housing 15. A generally annular elastomeric collar 23 is placed around the projecting portion or lug 17 such as to securely hold the slave cylinder projecting portion or lug 17 in the groove or channel 18 in the bell housing face 21 and against the face 22 of the gearbox casing 15. A fluid passageway 24 runs the length of the projecting portion or lug 17 into the slave cylinder 16. The passageway 24 is connected via a hydraulic fluid conduit 26 to a master cylinder 28. The master cylinder is provided with a built-in hydraulic fluid reservoir 29, in the example of structure illustrated, and has an input rod 30 pivotally connected at an end to a clutch control pedal lever 32 installed within the driver compartment of a motor vehicle, not shown. The rod 30, as is well known, is connected to a piston, not shown, disposed in the master cylinder 28 for displacing the hydraulic fluid through the line 26 to the slave cylinder 16 when the clutch pedal lever 32 is depressed. The hydraulic fluid is displaced, through the passageway 24 in the slave cylinder radially projecting portion or lug 17, into the housing 33 of the slave cylinder 16 wiiich is provided with an annular chamber 34, FIG. 3. The annular chamber 34 is formed between two concentric tubular portions 3G and 38 which are cast integral together with the projecting portion or lug 17, for example of cast aluminum in a single piece, in the example of structure illustrated. An annular piston 40 is reciprocably and slidably disposed in the cylinder housing 33 between the two concentric tubular portions 36 and 38. An elastomeric V-shaped, in section, seal 46 is freely disposed in the annular chamber 34 above the annular piston 40, such as to prevent leakage of fluid from tise annular chamber 34 past the piston 40. A sleeve, or carrier, 48 is slidably disposed around tlie periphery of the inner tubular portion 36 of tiie cylinder housing 33. The sleeve 48 has a flanged end portion 50 freely engaged with the end face 52 of the piston 40. A thrust ball oearing 56 having an outer race 57 and an inner race 58 is punted in a housing 59 having a tubular rim portion 60 disposed around the'bearing outer race 57 and a reduced diameter tubular portion 61 disposed around the sleeve 48. The end of tlie bearing housing tubular portion 61 is engaged behind the flange end portion 50 of the sleeve 48. An integral flange 62 radially extends between the housing reduced diameter tubular portion 61 surrounding the sleeve 48 and the rim 60 disposed around ttle periphery of the bearing outer race 57. The edge of the rim 60 terminates in a curved upwardly extending flange 63. The bearing outer race 57 is stationary and its rear face engages the housing flange 62 and, in some structures, the periphery of the bearing outer race 57 is press-fitted witl#irr the housing rim 60. In other structures, permitting the bearing 56 to float within the housing 59, means are provided for allowing the bearing outer race 57 to be displaced laterally within the housing 59, an appropriate clearance being provided between the peripheral surface of the outer race 57 and tlze inner surface of the rim 60, the outer race 57 being prevented from rotating relatively to the housing 53 by way of arly convenient arrangements, such as by coupling the rear face of the outer race 57 to the housing flange 62 frictionally or by means of the splines and grooves, not shown. The inner race 58 (rotatable race) of the throw-out or release bearing 56 is arranged to engage the end of the clutch release fingers 64 such that when the throw-out bearing 56 is displaced to the left from the position indicated at FIG. 3, the clutch 11, FIG. 1 is released. A dust cover 66 is disposed surrounding the tubular portion 61 of the bearing housing 59 and a portion of the peripheral surface of the outer tubular portion 38 of the cylinder housing 33. The dust cover 66 is generally cylindrical in shape and is molded of plastic such as nylon. One end of the dust cover 66 is formed with an inwardly radially projecting flange or lip 68 having an inner edge 70 in sliding engageiseiit with the peripheral surface of the cylinder outer tubular portion 38. The other end of the dust cover 66 has an outwardly projecting flange portion 72 abutting against the flange 62 of the bearing housing 59. A coil spring 74 is held in conipression between the flange portion 72 of the dust cover 66 and an annular abutment 75 formed on a radially outwardly extending flange portion 76 of the cylinder housing 33. The dust cover 66 has a rim or collar 77 formed integrally at the periphery of the flange portion 72 and partly surrounding the outer rim 60 of the bearing housing 59, FIGS. 2 and 3. A plurality of integral fingers 78 project from the edge of the dust cover rim 77. Each finger 78 is provided at its tip with a hook-like structure consisting of a ramp portion 7 provided inwardly with a radially extending abutment surface 81. The bearing housing 59 is held within the dust cover rim 77 by pressing the bearing housing 59 within the rim 77 of the dust cover 66, the ramps 79 at the tip of the fingers 78 tllrouyll engagement with the edge-between the flange 62 of the bearing housing 59 and the rim 60 causing outward resilient deflection of the fingers 78, until the tips of the fingers are passed through cut-out portions 83 in the curved flange 63 of the housing rim 60, at which time the fingers 78 snap back to their original position causing the tip abutments 81 to engage behind the bottom edge of the cut-out portions 83 in tkie bearing housing end flange 63. In this manner, the bearing housing 59 is held within the end rim 77 of the dust cover 66 and is prevented from rotating relative to the dust cover 66 as a result of the fingers 78 projecting through the flange cut-out portion 83. The bearing housing 59 is prevez rwx escaping from within the dust. cover rim 77, as a result of the interference provided by the finger tip abutments 81. As best shown at FIG. 4, the slave cylinder housing 33 has a pair of diametrically arranged outwardly projecting lugs 80 disposed at the end of the outer tubular portion 38 of the slave cylinder housing 33. During assembly of the slave cylinder 16, the lugs 80 are engaged below the dust cover 66 by snapping the edge lip 68 of the dust cover over the outwardly projecting lugs 80. The dust cover 66 is provided with a pair of diametrically disposed longitudinal projections, in the form of inwardly directed U-shaped channels or dimples 82, which limit the permissible rotation of the dust cover 66 relative to the cylinder casing 33 to a maximum of 1800 as a result of lateral abutment of the U-channel or dimple sidewall with a side of the lugs 80. The dust cover 66, in addition to acting as a seal preventing introduction of dirt below the dust cover, acts as a retainer preventing travel of the sleeve 48 and the housing 59 of the throw-out bearing 5 56, after assembly of the slave cylinder 16, beyond the limits defined by the inner face of the dust cover lip 68 engaging the lugs 80 outwardly projecting from the cylinder housing 33, under the urging action of the compressed coil spring 74. The coil spring 74 is relatively weak and, functionally, operates only to urge the revolving race 58 of the throw-out bearing 56 constantly in engagement witii the end of the fingers 64 of the clutch release mechanistn, after il)- stallation of the slave cylinder 16 in a motor vehicle transmission train. A restraining strap, designated generally at 84, is provided in some structures for retracting the throw-out bearing 56 to the position shown at FIG. 3, after assembly of the slave cylinder 16, against the action of the compressed coil spring 74. The restraining strap 84 holds the throw-out bearing 56 in a retracted position during filling of tile hydraulic system witli hydraulic fluid, during shipment to a motor vehicle manufacturer and during assembly of the hydraulic clutch release system on a motor vehicle on the assembly line. In the example of structure illustrated, the restraining strap 84 and the dust cover 66 are molded in a single piece. A pair of bands or strips 94, FIGS. 2-A, are integrally molded with and extend from the dust cover rim or collar 77, the free end of each band or strip 94 terminating in an integral strut 96 disposed transversely at right angle to the axis of the band or strip 94 and permitting attaching the. end of each band or strip 94 to the slave cylinder housing 33. The slave cylinder housing 33 is provided with a pair of T-slots 98 diametrically disposed on the front face of the housing flange portion 76. Each band or strip 94 of the restraining strap 84 is provided with a weakened portion 100, which may be a portion of reduced thickness as will be the result of forming a V-groove, as sllowll, on the surface of the band or strip 94, or a portion of reduced width, or both. After installation of the apparatus of the invention in a motor vehicle, and upon first actuation of the slave cylinder 16, hydraulic fluid displaced from the master cylinder 28 to the annular chamber 34 in the slave cylinder casing 33, FIG. 3, causes displacement of the seal 46 and piston 40, and displacement of the throw-out bearing 56 as a result of the coupling between the piston 40 and the throw-out bearing through the sleeve 48 and the bearing housing 59, witll the result that the bands or strips 94 are broken at their weakened portion 100. thus releasing dust cover 66, alia bearing carrier. and the throw-out bearing 60 for normal operation by the slave cylinder 16. The structure of the casing 33 of the slave cylinder 16 of FIGS. 6-8 is identical to that of FIGS. 2-5, i.e. the casing 33 is made of a single-piece casting, with integral concentric tubular portions 36 and 38. Motions of the annular piston 40 are transmitted to the throw-out bearing 56 by means of a single-piece molded sleeve or carrier 48 made of plastic, such as nylon for example. The carrier 48 has a tubular body 102, preferably provided with longitudinal grooves on a portion of its internal surface, as shown at 104, forming lubricant reservoirs and decreasing the internal surface area of ttle carrier tubular body 102 in sliding engagement with tle peripheral surface of the cylinder inner tubular portion 56. Tlle carrier tubular body 102 has, at an end, an outwardly proJecting flange 106 of relatively small diameter abutting against ttle annular outer end face 52 of the piston 40. The ttlroweout bearing 56 is supported from the carrier 28, at the other end of the carrier tubular body 102, by way of a radially outwardly extending integral flange 108 having a forwardly extending rim 110 in which is nested the housing 59 of the throw-out bearing 56. A plurality of chordal ribs or lips 112, best shown at FIGS. 8 and 9, are integrally formed at the edge of the carrier rim 110, extending generally parallel to, and spaced apart from the flange 108 of the carrier 48 for holding the bearing housing 59 nested within the rim 110 between the chordal lips 112 and the flange 108, the chordal lips 112 having each a ramp 113 to aid in resiliently deflecting the chordal lips 112 outwardly when the bearing housing 59 is pushed into the carrier rim #1f). The rim 110 has cut-out portions 114, FIG. 9, for improving gtze elasticity of the chordal lips 112 resiliently deflected outwardly to enable passage of the bearing housing 59 therebetween into the rim lilo. In the structure of FIGS. 6-9, the dust cover 66 and the restraining strap 84 are also formed integrally of a singlepiece plastic molding. The dust cover 66 is provided at one end with an annular rim or collar 116 adapted to snap over the rim of the carrier 48. For that purpose, the interior surface of the dust cover rim 116 has several pairs, four pairs in the example of structure illustrated, of recesses 118, best shown at FIG. 9, adapted to snap over corresponding projecting lugs 120 molded integral on the peripheral surface of the carrier rim 110. In this manner, the dust cover 66 is coupled to the carrier 48 by disposing the cylindrical body portion 102 of tlle carrier 48 within the dust cover and pressing the dust cover rim 116 over the carrier rim Ilo, each of the lugs 120 on the peripheral surface of the carrier rim 112 registering with a recess 118 within the rim 116 of the dust cover 66. TIle projecting lugs 120 are each provided with a rearward directed ramp portion 122 aiding in progressively deflecting the edge of the dust cover rim 116 outwardly and elastically deflecting inwardly the carrier flange 110 proximate the lugs 120 until each lug 120 snaps into one of the recesses 118 in the interior surface of the dust cover rim 116. Each lug 120 has a frotital abutment 124 engageable with an edge 126, FIG. 6, of each recess 118, such that uncoupling of the dust cover 66 and carrier 4U is prevented. When the dust cover 66 and the carrier 48 are coupled together, the flange 108 of the carrier 48 is 1in engagement with the flange 72 of the dust cover. A plurality of longitudinal ribs 128 extending between the carrier flahges 106 and 108, on the periphery of tlie body 102 of the carrier 48 are for the purpose of increasing title rigidity of the carrier and of absorbing most of the load imposed on the body 102 of the carrier during release of the clutch mechanism, when the slave cylinder piston 40 is displaced leftwardly, as seen in FIG. 7, for displacing the throw-out bearing 56 to the clutch release position.

Claims: CLAIMS 1. A carrier for a motor vehicle clutch release bearing (56), said bearing having a non-rotatable race (57) and a rotatable race (58) said carrier being disposed slidably in use over a tubular member (36) surrounding a driveshaft connecting a clutch mechamism (11) to a transmission (15) and being in the form of a sleeve (66;48) slidably disposed around said tubular member (36) and having an end forming a rim (77-110) for housing said release bearing (56), characterised in that said rim has resiliently deflectable retaining means (78,79,81;112,113) enabling said release bearing (56) to fit within said rim and connecting means (62;108) is provided connecting said rim to said sleeve, whereby at least part of said release bearing is held between said retaining means and said connecting means within said rim. 2. A carrier according to claim 1 characterised in that said resiliently deflectable retaining means comprises at least one finger (78) projecting from an edge of said rim (77), said finger having inwardly directed abutment means (79,81) for holding said release bearing (56) within said rim. 3. A carrier according to claim 2 characterised in that said abutment means includes a ramp (79) providing outward deflection of said finger (78) upon installing said bearing (56) within said rim (77). 4. A carrier according to claim 1, 2 or 3 characterised in that an outwardly extending flange (63) is provided adjacent a surface of said bearing non-rotatable race, said flange (63) having a cut-out portion (83) allowing said finger (78) to project therethrough, whereby said release bearing non-rotatatable race (57) is restrained against rotation with said rim (77). 5. A carrier according to any preceding claim characterised in that said rim (77) is part of a dust cover (66). 6. A carrier according to claim 1 characterised in that said resiliently deflectable retaining means comprises at least one chordal lip (112) at the edge of said rim (116), said chordal lip being elastically deflectable outwardly for allowing said bearing (56) to be pressed within said rim. 7. A carrier according to claim 6 characterised in that said chordal lip (112) has a ramp (113) to aid in resiliently deflecting the chordal lip. 8. A carrier according to claim 1, 6 or 7, characterised in that said sleeve (48) has an end (106) which engages an annular piston (40) slidable in an annular cylinder (34), the cylinder being defined between said tubular member (36) and a second tubular member (38). 9. A hydraulic cylinder and clutch release bearing combination disposed concentric to a motor vehicle driveshaft from a clutch mechanism to a transmission, said slave cylinder (16) comprising walls formed by a first tubular member (36) disposed concentric to said shaft and a second tubular member (38) disposed concentric to said first tubular member, an annular piston (40) slidably disposed between cylinder walls formed by said first and second tubular members, said clutch release bearing (56) being disposed peripherally around said first tubular member, said bearing having a non-rotatable race (57) and a rotatable race (58), a sleeve (48) slidably disposed around said first tubular member between said release bearing and said piston, said sleeve having an end (50; ;106) in engagement with said piston, and a dust cover (66) formed as a third tubular member having a portion (68) in sliding engagement with the peripheral surface of said second tubular member, characterised in that resiliently deflectable retaining means (78,79,81;112,113) is provided which retains said release bearing adjacent one end of said dust cover (66), and means (62;108) is provided which couples said sleeve (48) to said dust cover for displacement of said dust cover by said sleeve. 10. A combination according to claim 9 characterised in that said means coupling said sleeve (48) to said dust cover (66) comprises an outwardly extending flange (50) at the end of said sleeve (48) in engagement with said piston (40), a second sleeve (61) disposed around said first sleeve and having an end in engagement behind said flange (50) of said first mentioned sleeve (48) and another end having an outwardly extending flange (62) terminating in a rim (60) in which said bearing (56) is disposed, and a corresponding flange (72) on an end of said dust cover (66) in engagement with said second sleeve flange (62), and in that said means attaching said release bearing at said one end of said dust cover comprises at least one finger (78) projecting from the edge of said rim, said finger being elastically deflectable outwardly and having abutment means (81) at its free end for engagement beyond said bearing non-rotatable race (57). 11. A combination according to claim 10 characterised in that said rim of said second sleeve (61) defines an outer housing (59) for said bearing non-rotatable race (57), said rim being provided at its end with an outwardly turned flange (63), and further comprising a cut-out portion (83) in said outwardly turned flange for passage therethrough of said finger (78) for immobilizing said sleeve against rotation relative to said dust cover (66). 12, A combination according to claim 10 or 11 characterised in that said finger abutment means comprises a ramp (79) for aiding outward deflection of said finger (78). 13. A combination according to claim 9 characterised in that said means coupling said sleeve (48) to said dust cover (66) comprises an outwardly extending flange (108) at the other end of said sleeve (48), said flange terminating in a rim (110) in which said bearing (58) is disposed, a corresponding flange (72) at an end of said dust cover (66), said flange terminating in a rim (116) disposed around said sleeve rim (110), and one-way interlocking means (120,118) attaching said sleeve rim (110) and said dust cover rim (116)and in that said means attaching said throw-out bearing (56) at said one end of said dust cover (66) comprises at least one chordal lip (112) at the edge of said sleeve rim (110), said chordal lip being elastically deflected outwardly for allowing said bearing (56) to be pressed within said rim. 14. A combination according to claim 13 characterised in that said one-way interlocking means comprises at least one lug (120) projecting from one of said rims (110) and a corresponding recess (118) formed in the other of said rims (116), said lug (120) having an abutment surface (124) and said recess having an edge (126) whereby said lug abutment surface engages said recess edge after passage of said lug into said recess. 15. A combination according to claim 14 characterised in that said lug (120) has a ramp (122) for aiding resilient deformation of at least one of said rims (116) for enabling said lug to snap into said recess (118).

Inventors: LEIGH-MONSTEVENS, KEITH VERNON
Applicants: AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY
Application year: 1985
Main classification: F16D25
IPC codes: F16D25