DETERGENTS

Abstract: Aqueous detergent concentrate, characterized in that in addition to water it contains an active detergent comprising the following components: (a) one or more salts of an alkylaryl sulphonic acid, (b) one or more polyethyleneglycol ethers of primary or secondary alcohols and/or of alkylphenols, and (c) one or more salts of sulphated alcohols.

Description: DETERGENTS The invention relates to aqueous detergent concentrates which, after dilution, preferably after mixing with the desired quantity of water, can be used for cleaning, amongst other things, dishes and fabrics. The concentrates consist of an aqueous solution containing at least three carponents with cleansing action. These components, which will be specified in greater detail below, are collectively referred to by the term "active detergent". As is hxxdn, it is necessary in practice for both the concentrate and the ready-to-use washing liquid to meet certain requirements in respect of viscosity and transparency point, which is the temperature at which turbidity, caused by precipitation of solids after strong cooling, completely disappears. Concentrates are convenient for storage and transport, but for the final users it is of course the properties of the washing liquid obtained by dilution that are important. There is a danger that dilution can cause the viscosity to drop excessively, especially if the active detergent consists of alXylaryl sulphate and one or more polyethyleneglycol ethers of primary or secondary higher alcohols and/or of altylphenols. A large viscosity drop on dilution is unacceptable for buyers of the detergent concentrates, especially housewives, and should therefore be avoided. It has now been found that by adding a salt of a sulphate alcohol to a detergent concentrate of the above mentioned sort, the undesired viscosity drop on dilution can be greatly reduced while retaining a low transparency point. The invention therefore relates to an aqueous detergent concentrate, characterized in that in addition to water it contains an active detergent comprising the following compo- nents: (a) one or more salts of an alkylaryl sulphonic acid, (b) one or more polyethyleneglycol ethers of primary or secondary alcohols and/or of alkylphenols, and (c) one or more salts of sulphated alcohols. The detergent concentrate preferably contains at least 10 %wt, and in most cases not more than 70 %wt, relative to the weight of the concentrate, of the active detergent. The salts of carponents (a) and (c) are preferably alkali, ammonium and/or amine salts. Alkali salts are most preferred, especially sodium salts. Component (a) is preferably a salt of an alkylbenzene sulphonic acid, especially of one with 8-16 carbon atans in the alkyl group. The carbon atans in the alkyl group in component (a) preferably form a straight chain. The polyethyleneglycol ethers of primary or secondary alcohols in component (b) preferably satisfy the general formula R-(OC2H4)nOfI, in which R is an alkyl group with 8-18 carbon atans and n represents an integer varying fran 5 to 12. The can atans in the alkyl group R preferably form a straight chain. The alkylphenols preferably possess 8-16 carbon atoms in the alkyl group; the carbon atans in this alkyl group preferably form a straight chain. The polyethyleneglycol ethers of alkylphenols preferably contain 2 to 12 ethylene aide groups. The salts of carponent (c) are preferably alkali, ammonium and/or amine salts. Alkali salts are most preferred, especially sodium salts. The alcohol fran which component (c) is derived is preferably a primary or secondary alcohol, and more preferably a primary or secondary alkanol with 6-16 carbon atans per molemle. The carbon atans in this alkanol preferably form a straight chain. The previously mentioned undesirable viscosity drop on dilution while retaining a low transparency point is reduced even more if the active detergent also contains a component (d) consisting of one or more salts of sulphated alcohol ethaxylates and/or of sulphated alkylphenolethoxylates. The salts of ponent (d) are preferably alkali, ammonium and/or amine salts. Alkali salts are most preferred, especially sodium salts. Component (d) is preferably a sulphate alcohol ethaylate, such as the sulphated ethaxylate of primary or secondary alcohols with straight or branched chains, especially of alcohol mixtures. Component (d) is preferably a sulphated ethoxylate of C8-C18 alkanols, especially of C12-18 alkanols. The alkanols are preferably primary and have mainly straight chains, i.e. they are less than 30% branched. me most satisfactory alcohols are obtained by hydroformylation of olefins. The sulphated ethoxylates are prepared frcm these alcohols by first reacting them with ethylene oxide, suitably in such a quantity that on average 1 to 15, especially 2 to 4 mol ethylene oxide per mol alcohol (or alcohol mixture) is added, followed by sulphation of the ethoxylate and neutralization to the sulphated alcohol ethaxylate. Suitable sulphated alkylphenolethoxylates are sulphate C4-C16 alkylphenolethoxylates with an average of 1 to 12, especially 1 to 5 mol ethylene chide per mol alkylphenol. Mixtures of sulphated alcohol ethoxylates and sulphated alkyl phenolethoxylates can also be used. The carposition of the aqueous detergent concentrate according to the invention can vary within wide limits. The most preferred concentrates contain 50-70 %wt of component (a), 5-30 %wt of component (b) and 0.1-25 %wt of carponent (c). Component (d), if present, is preferably present in a quantity of 0.1-25 %wt. The most preferred concentrates contain 50-70 %wt of component (a), 15-25 %wt of component (b), 1-25 96wt of canpanent (c) and 5-25 %wt of copanent (d). All weight percentages are calculated as active detergent carpanent on the total of the active detergent. The previously mentioned viscosity drcrp on dilution while retaining a low transparency point is reduced even more by the presence of h5gS04 in the concentrate. The quantity of MgSO4 absorbed in the detergent concentrates depends on the nature and the quantities of the other constituents, as well as on the desired viscosity in undiluted and diluted state. In general, preference is given to quantities between 0.05 and 10 %wt relative to the weight of the aqueous concentrate. An additional advantage of the present invention is that in general no solubilizing agent needs to be added to this aqueous detergent concentrate in order to improve the solubility of the active detergent, so that the carposition of the concentrates remains homogeneous during transport and storage, provided that the temperature does not drop to abnormally low levels. A useful criterion in practice is to assure that the transparency point should not be above about 5 OC, If it is nevertheless desired to add a solubilizing agent, use can be made of, for example, ureum, alkanols with 1-4 carbon atoms per molecule, e.g. 2 pmpanol, and the sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts of arylsulphonic acids substituted with one or more alkyl groups having 1-4 carbon atoms, such as toluene sulphonic acid and xylene sulphonic acid. When using an alkali salt of an alkyl substituted aryl sulphonic acid, e.g. sodium xylene sulphonate, it can be favourable also to add a lower alcohol, e.g. 2-propanol. The content of solubilizing agent in the concentrates is preferably between 0 and 30 %wt, calculated an the total quantity of active detergent. The invention will be further illustrated with the aid of the following examples. EXAMPLES 1-8 and comparative examples A-C Eleven detergent concentrates were prepared by mixing, at roan temperature, water and components (a), (b), (c) and (d) listened in Table I. Component (a) was the sodium salt of "DOBANIC ACID" "DOBANIC ACID" is is a trade mark for a mixture of n-alkylbenze sulphonic acids with 8-13 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. The intermediate product used for its preparation, C8-C13 alkylbenzene, was obtained by alkylation of benzene with a mixture of C8-C13 olefins obtained by thermal cracking of paraffin wax. These olefins consisted mainly of olefins with a terminal double carbon-carbon bond. Component (b) was "DOBANOL" 91-8. "DOBANOL" 91-8 is a trade mark for a mixture of polyethyleneglycol ethers obtained by ethoxylation of linear primary alkanols with 9-11 carbon atoms per molecule and which contain an average of 8 ethylene oxide groups per molecule. The alkanols consist mainly of 80% straight-chained and 20% alkyl (mainly 2-methyl) isomers. Component (c) was "TEEPOL:HB6" is a trade mark for an aqueous solution of a mixture of sodium salts of sulphate primary alkInols. Canpanent (d) was "DOBANOL" 25-3S". "DOBANOL" 25-3S" is a trade mark for a mixture of polyethyleneglycol ethers obtained by ethohylation of linear primary alkanols with 12-15 carbon atoms per molecule and which contains an average of 3 ethylene oxide groups per molecule. From each of the eleven concentrates were prepared three diluted aqueous solutions, containing 37, 35 and 30 weight per cent of active detergent. The viscosity (in centistokes at 20 C) and the transparency point of the thus obtained solutions were determined. The results are given in Table I. It can be seen that for examples 1-8 according to the invention the viscosity drop on dilution is considerably less than for the comparative examples AC, which are not in accordance with the invention. It can also be seen that a much lower transparency point was observed for the examples than for the comparative examples. TABLE I Components Examoles Comparative examples 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 A B C Composition, xx) %wt (a) Sodium C8-C13-n-alkyl benzene sulphonate 58.7 57.3 55.7 5.3 60 60 60 60 80 70 60 (b) Polyethyleneglycol ether of C9-C11-n-alkanol with 19.5 19.1 18.6 18.1 20 20 20 20 0 0 0 average of 8 ethylene oxide groups per molecule (c) Sodium primary n-C9-C13 alkyl sulphate 2.3 4.5 7.1 9.5 5 10 15 20 20 30 40 (d) Sodium salt of sulphated polyethyleneglycol ether of C12-C15-n 19.5 19.1 18.6 18.1 15 10 5 0 0 0 0 alkanols with average of 3 ethylene oxide groups per molecule xx) @@@@@@@ @@@@@@@@@ @@@@@@@@@ calculated on total of the active detergent components TABLE I (cont'd) Components Examples Comparative examples 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 A B C Active Detergent, %wt Viscosity in centistokes at 20 C 37 830 880 910 960 800 720 670 610 x) x) 1290 35 940 970 970 1030 840 760 660 590 2720 1790 630 30 1030 980 910 860 840 650 510 380 610 300 99 Transparency point, C 37 +3 +2 +2 +3 +2 +2 +2 +4 x) x) +10 35 +1 +1 +2 +2 +1 +1 +2 +3 +10 +9 +8 30 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +2 +8 +8 +8 x) heterogeneous mixture EXAMPLES 9-12 Four detergent concentrates were prepared by mixing, at roan temperature, water and the components listed in Table II. Component (a) contained the sodium salt of "DOBANIC ACID" The intermediate product used for its preparation, C8-C13 alkylbenzene, was obtained by alkylation of benzene with a mixture of linear C8-C13 olefins with mainly non-terminal double carbon-carbon bonds. Carponents (b), (c) and (d) were the sate as those used in examples 1-8. Fran each of these concentrates were prepared three diluted aqueous solutions, containing 37, 35 and 30 weight per cent active detergent. Of each of the diluted solutions thus obtained, the viscosity was measured in centistokes at 20 C and the transparency point was determined, this being done with the solutions as such and also after addition of 0.2 and after addition of û.4 %wt MgSO4, calculated on the diluted solution. Table II shows the results obtained. It can be seen that the viscosity drap of the diluted solutions was considerably reduced, especially for the ones to which MgSO4 was added. reover, a low transparency point was abserved. TABLE II Components Examples 9 10 11 12 Composition*), %wt (a) 60 60 60 60 (b) 20 20 10 15 (c) 10 20 20 15 (d) 10 0 10 10 Active Detergent, %wt Viscosity in centistokes at 20 C after addition of MgSO4, %wt 0 0.2 0.4 0 0.2 0.4 0 0.2 0.4 0 0.2 0.4 37 630 520 450 540 470 410 1140 990 880 820 670 600 35 670 540 470 530 470 410 1000 770 830 820 690 600 30 570 500 460 360 350 330 400 440 460 510 490 490 Transparency point, C after addition of MgSO4, %wt 37 +2 +2 +1 +5 +5 +4 +6 +6 +6 +4 +5 +6 35 +2 +2 +2 +4 +4 +4 +5 +4 +5 +3 +2 +4 30 +1 +2 +1 +2 +3 +4 +4 +4 +4 +3 +2 +3 *) Calculated as in Table I.

Claims: CLAIMS 1. Aqueous detergent concentrate, characterized in that in additiori to water it contains an active detergent catprisinq the following carponents: (a) one or more salts of an alkylaryl suiphonic acid, (b) one or more polyethyleneglycol ethers of primary or secondary alcohols and/or of alkylphenols, and (c) one or more salts of sulphated alcohols. 2. Detergent concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that ctt (a) consists of one or more salts of an alkylbenzene sulphonicacid. 3. Detergent concentrate according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the alkylbenzene sulphonic acid contains 8-16 carbon atoms in the alky group. 4. Detergent concentrate according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that in carponent (b) the polyethyleneglycol ethers of primary or secondary alcohols correspond with the general formula R(OC2H4)n-OH, in which R represents an alkyl group with 8-18 carbon atoms and n an integer varying fran 5 to 12. 5. Detergent concentrate according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that in component (c) the alcohol is an alkanol with 6-16 carbon atcms per molecule. 6. Detergent concentrate according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that the active detergent also contains a component (d) consisting of one or more salts of sulphated alcoholethoxylates and/or of sulphated alkylphnnol- ethoxylates. 7. Detergent concentrate according to claim 6, characterized in that carponent (d) is a salt of sulphated ethoxylate of C8-C18-alkanols. 8. Detergent concentrate according to claims 6 or 7, characterized in that tpt (d) is a sulphate of an alcohol ethoxylate, prepared by reacting 1 mol of an alcohol with 1 to 15 mol ethylene chide. 9. Detergent concentrate according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that the salts in the components (a), (c) and (d) are alkali, ammonium and/or amine salts. 10. Detergent concentrate according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that it contains at least 10 %wt, relative to the weight of the concentrate, of the active detergent. 11. Detergent concentrate according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that the active detergent contains 50-70 %wt of component (a), 5-30 %wt of component (b) and 0.1-25 %wt of component (c). 12. Detergent concentrate according to claim 11, characterized in that the active detergent also contains 1.5-25 %wt of carpoent (d). 13. Detergent concentrate according to claim 12, characterized in that the active detergent contains 15-25 %wt of carponent (b), 1-25 %wt of component (c) and 5-25 %wt of carponent (d). 14. Detergent concentrate according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that the alkyl groups present are mainly n-allyl groups. 15. Detergent concentrate according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that the aqueous solution also contains MgSO4. 16. Detergent concentrate according to claim 15, characterized in that the aqueous solution contains 0.05 to 10 %wt, relative to the weight of the solution, of MgSO4.

Inventors: CRAVEN, SHEILA MAIRI, JONES, NEVILLE EARL
Applicants: SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V.
Application year: 1984
Main classification: C11D1
IPC codes: C11D1, C11D17