BACKING PLATE ASSEMBLY FOR A DRUM BRAKE

Abstract: A backing plate assembly (12) for a drum brake includes a first part (30) adapted for attachement to a vehicle frame and a second part (32) releasably coupled to the first part (30). The second part is made of lightweight material and the first part is adapted to releasably couple with different sizes of second parts. The second part sees no braking torque and is coupled to a reinforced portion of the first part.

Description: BACKING PLATE ASSEMBLY FOR A DRUM BRAKE This invention relates to a backing plate assembly for a drum brake wherein the backing plate supports a pair of brake eoes and a wheel cylinder which receives fluid pressure to move the pair of brake shoes into engagement with a drum to be braked. There is a limited supply of crude oil from which fuel is obtained for motor vehicle consumption. As the supply is reduced the price for fuel is expected to increase so that a motor vehicle must consume as little fuel as possible in order to provide economical transportation and preserve the limited supply of crude oil. In response to this demand for efficiency, motor vehicles are being reduced in size and weight so that smaller engines can be used with smaller fuel consumption requirements. Brake assemblies for the motor vehicle are also being reduced in size and weight to support the reduced size and weight goals for the motor vehicle. In addition, the manufacture of a brake requires various machinery for each size of brake so that each size of brake requires a separate machine or die to generate the backing plate associated for each size of brake. It has been proposed to manufacture a drum brake backing plate from two parts. One of the parts is designed to accommodate the braking torque requirements while the second part is designed te enclose the brake to isolate the latter from the contaminates, such as, dirt, stones, dust, snow, salt, etc. found on a roadway for the motor vehicle. To date the proposed two part construction for the backing plate has not been widely accepted by vehicle manufacturers. The prior art is illustrated by United States Patents 3,548,976; 3,576,237; 3,998,297 and 4,102,442. In United States Patents 3,548,976 and 3,576,237, the radially outer part which is made of lighter material than the radial inner part! the outer part is burdened with support responsibility for the pair of brake shoes so that sufficient strength is required of the outer part. Consequently, the outer part is not designed solely for weight savings. In addition, the outer part requires separate adhesives or welding material for attachment with the inner part, thereby adding to the manufacturing cost of this type of two-part backing plate. In United States Patent 3,998,297 the outer part is redundant as the inner part extends outwardly to the drum so that the outer part is not required. And in United States Patent 1,102,442, the lightweight outer part overlaps with the inner part so that excess material for the lightweight outer part is required. The present invention provides a backing plate assembly for a drum brake with a pair of brake shoes wherein the backing plate assembly comprises a first part adapted for attachment to a vehicle frame and a second part cooperating with the drum to substantially protect the drum brake from contaminants characterized in that said first part defines a reinforced portion substantially at the radial extremity thereof to transmit braking forces developed during braking, said reinforced portion further being engageable with said pair of brake shoes to direct movement of the latter during braking, said second part being coupled to said reinforced portion to substantially enclose the drum brake between the backing plate and the drum, and said second part being of a thickness and material which is incapable of supporting said pair of brake shoes. It is an advantage of the present invention that the second part is solely utilized for sealing enclosure purposes sv that it can be designed of lightweight material without concern for torque taking or supporting characteristics. In addition, it is possible to utilize the first part with different second parts to accommodate drum brake assemblies with varying diameter and/or varying brake shoe widths. Since the second part is preferably made from plastic which is easily molded in a cost effective process, it is possible to provide one finest part for many sizes of drum brake assemblies. The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein one embodiment of the invention is disclosed: Figure 1 is a side view of a brake assembly utilizing the backing plate of the prevent invention; Figure 2 is a cross sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 shown with a larger'size brake assembly ; and Figure 4 is a perspective view of a portion of the backing plate assembly of Figure 2. A drum brake assembly 10 includes a backing plate assembly 12 supporting a wheel cylinder or hydraulic actuator 14 and a pair of brake shoes 16 and 18. The wheel cylinder 14 receives fluid pressure during a brake application to expand te pair of brake shoes 16 and 18 into engagement with a drum 20 to be braked. Braking torque developed during braking is transmitted from the brake shoes to an anchor 22 formed by the backing plate assembly 12. Springs 24 and 26 retain the pair of brake shoes in engagement with the wheel cylinder 14 and the anchor 22, respectively. In accordance with the invention, the backing plate assembly 12 comprises a first part 30 and a second part 32. The first part 30 includes a central opening 34 with a plurality of openings 36 adjacent thereto for attaching the first part via bolts 35 to a vehicle frame. The first part forms a channel or reinforcing rib 38 extending circumferentially around the entire outer edge of the first part except for that portion of the first part receiving the wheel cylinder. The anchor 22 is formed on the reinforcing 38. Turning to Figure 2, the reinforcing rib 38 forms an inner wall 40 extending axially outwardly and adjacent a flat portion 42 forming openings 30 and 34, a support wall 44 offset axially outward the flat portion 42 and contiguous the inner sall 40, and an outer wall 46 extending axially inward from and contaguous with the support wall 44. The outer wall 46 forms a plurality of cut outs 50 and the second part 32 is provided with flexible tabs 52 for disposition in the cut outs 50 when the second part 32 is releasably coupled to the first part 30. The support wall 44 engages the burke shoe 16 via brake shoe rim 54 to define a guide directing the movement of the brake shoe 16 as it slides on the support wall 44 during braking. The channel 38 forms a cavity 56 opening iirwardly and the second part 32 forms a cavity 58 opening outwardly. The brake shoe 16 includes a web 60 and lining 62 extending into the cavity 58 and the drum 20 also extends into the cavity 58 such that the second part 32 is ssisposed closely adjacent the drum 20 to form a seal-like disposition to keep contaminants outside the drum and backing plate assembly. Because the reinforcing rib 38 is circumferentially in line with the anchor 22, braking torque is directly applied to the reinforcing rib 38 and then spread over the flat portion 42 and the attachment means at openings 36. The second part j2 takes no braking torque. In order to assemble the parts 30 and 32, the parts are positioned such that the radially inner lip 60 of the part 32 is aligned with the outer wall 46. The lip 60 is advanced into the cavity 56 so that the flexible tab 52 is permitted to extend into the cut out 50 in order to releasably couple the parts 30 and 32 together. The part 32 is easily separated from the part 30 when the tab 52 is withdrawn from the cut out. It is possible to inspect for brake shoe lining wear without removal of the drum 20 when the part 32 is separated from the part 30. The brake shoes, wheel cylinder and part 30 can remain secured to the vehicle frame when the part 32 is separated from the part 30 for lining wear inspection. In Figure 3, a brake shoe 116 is shown with the first part 30. The brake shoe 116 is slightly-larger in diameter than the brake shoe 16 and the width of rim 115 is larger than the width of a rim 15 for brake shoe 16. The brake shoe i is used with a larger drum 120. A new second part 132 is releasably coupled to the first part 30 in the same manner as the second part 32. However, the dimension of the new second part 132 is larger than part 32 in order to accommodate the larger drum 120. In view of the foregoing, it is seen that the backing plate assembly part 30 can be used for different sizes of brake drums so that only the part 32 need be changed to accommodate the different sizes of brake shoes and drums. Since the second part 32 is free of torque, it can be made of lightweight inexpensive material such as plastic. Therefore, an increase in the size of the drum or the lining width will require a slight increase in cost for the backing plate assembly onl, with respect to the larger size part 132, as the first part 30 remains the same.

Claims: CLAY FITS 1. A backing plate assembly for a drum brake with a pair of brake shoes wherein the backing plate assembly comprises a first part adapted for attachment te a vehicle frame and a second part cooperating with the drum to substantially protect the drum brake from contaminants characterized in that said first part defines a reLnforced'portion substantially at the radial extremity thereof to transmit braking forces developed during braking, said reinforced portion further being engageable with said pair of brake shoes to direct movement of the latter dur3 braking, said second part being coupled to said reinforced portion to substantially enclose the drum brake between the backing plate and the drum, and said second part being of a thickness and material which is incapable of supporting said pair of brake shoes. 2. The backing plate assembly of claim 1 in which said reinforced portion extends substantially over the entire outer circumference of said first part. 3. The backing plate assembly of claim 1 in which said first part includes a substantially flat portion for attachment to the vehicle frame, said reinforced portion includes an inner wall contiguous with said flat portion and extending axially outwardly therefrom, a support wall offset from said flat portion and engageable with said pair of brake shoes and an outer wall extending axially inwardly from said support wall, and said second part is coupled to said outer wall. 4. The backing plate assembly of claim 1 in which said first part and said second part cooperate to define a releasable coupling therebetween to enable said parts to be readily snapped together during assembly in the absence of further coupling means. 5. The backing plate assembly of claim 4 in which said first part defines a plurality of cut outs and said second part defines a plurality of tabs adapted for disposition within said plurality of cut outs when said parts are coupled together. 6. The backing plate assembly of claim 1 in which said reinforced portion defines E support wall engageable with said pair of brake shoes and an outer wall contiguous with said support wall, said outer wall extending inwardly Kg 6%diguter wall to substantially define a channel and said second part is coupled to said outer wall adjacent said channel. 7. The backing plate assembly of claim 3 in which said outer wall extends axially inwardly past said flat portion whereby said reinforced portion form. a channel for reinforcement. 8. A backing plato assembly for a brake comprising a first part adapted for attachment to a vehicle frame, said first part forming a circumferentially extending channel at the radially outer edge of said first part, said channel reinforcing said first part whereby torque developed during braking is transmitted to the vehicle frame without substantial deformation cf said first part, said channel further being engage able with a pair of brake shoes to substantially position the latter relative to said first part, and a second part releasably coupled to said first part, and a second part releasably coupled to said channel to substantially define an outer dimension for the backing plates said second part being of a material and thickness incapable of supporting the brake and incapable of transmitting braking torque. 9. A backing plate assembly for a brake comprising a first part adapted for attachment to a vehicle frame, said first part forming a circumferentially extending channel in order to reinforce said first part so that torque transmitted to said first part will not substantially deform the same and a second part releasably coupled to said channel whereby said second part is readily coupled to said first part in the absence of further coupling means and said second part is easily uncoupled from said first part for latter recoupling thereto. 10. The backing plate of claim 9 in which the releasable coupling between said first and second parts is formed by flexible tabs on one of said parts and cut outs on the other of said parts. 11. A backing plate assembly comprising a first part adapted to be attached to a vehicle to transmit braking torque for a pair of brake shoes cooperating with said first part, a plurality of second parts f different dimension adapted for attachment to said first part one at a time, said plurality of second parts providing for different sizes of said pair cf brake shoes cooperating with said first part whereby said first part remains the same for the different sizes of brake shoes and their associated second part.

Inventors: SPAARGAREN, ROBERT, TURAK, JOHN L.
Applicants: ALLIED CORPORATION
Application year: 1984
Main classification: F16D65
IPC codes: F16D65, F16D51