SHIFT VALVE FOR AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION

Abstract: A shift valve for an automatic transmission wherein governor pressure acts on a spool in such a direction as to compress a first spring, and throttle representative pressure acts on a plug in such a direction as to compress the first spring. The shift control valve further comprises a second spring arranged to act on the spool in the same direction as the direction in which the governor pressure acts on the spool.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a shift valve for an automatic transmission. A representative example of conventional shift valves is illustrated in Fig. 1. This conventional shift valve for an automatic transmission comprises a spool 10 for switching an oil delivery conduit, a plug 12, and a spring 14 arranged between them. Governor pressure P G acts on the spool 10 in one direction and throttle pressure P TH acts on the plug 12 in another direction which is opposite to the one direction. With this shift valve for automatic transmission, a change-over characteristic as shown in Fig. 2, i.e., a shift schedule line, is obtained. This shift schedule line consists of a line portion A representing that governor pressure P G varies with throttle pressure P TH and another line portion B representing that governor pressue P G is unchanged irrespective of variation in throttle pressure P TH . If the force of the spring 14 is changed, the governor pressure value P G for the line portion B can be varied, but the line portion A remains unchanged. (In order to change the line portion A, a pressure acting area of the spool 10 or the plug 12 must be varied.) Various kinds of shift schedule lines are required depending upon different types of engines and different types of vehicles. If, in order to provide a different shift schedule line, the valve bore, spool and plug are redesigned in configuration, numerous kinds of valve bodies, spools and plugs must be manufactured, complicating manufacturing of and management of component parts, and pushing up cost as well. Thus, it is quite advantageous if a different shift schedule line is provided only by replacing the spring. However, in the case of the above mentioned conventional shift valve for automatic transmission, replacing the spring will result in a change in only a portion of the shift schedule line. That is, with the conventional shift valve, it is not possible to vary the line portion A by changing the characteristic of the spring. A shift valve according to the preamble part of Claim 1 is known from reference "Automatische Automobilgetriebe" by J. Stüper (Springer Verlag 1965) on pages 322 to 339 showing a DAIMLER-BENZ automatic transmission. Particularly, the preamble part of Claim 1 is based on the shift valve which is shown in Figure 301 of the afore-mentioned document. The 1-2 shift valve of the Daimler automatic transmission, shown in Figure 301 includes a spool (5) which is urged in the downshift direction by the throttle pressure and a first spring located between a plug (4) and the spool and in the upshift direction by the governor pressure and a second spring. The force of the second spring is stronger than the force of the first spring, whereby the transmission is shifted in the second speed at zero speed and zero throttle in order to avoid creep. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object underlying the present invention to provide a shift valve for an automatic transmission which can provide a desired different shift schedule line by merely replacing spring means thereof, such that the shift valve upshift is prohibited until a governor pressure obtains a predetermined value, even if the magnitude of the total pressure is substantially zero. The solution of this object is achieved by the features of Claim 1. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the previously discussed conventional shift valve; Fig. 2 shows a shift schedule line provided by the conventional shift valve shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing a shift valve for an automatic transmission according to the present invention; and Fig. 4 shows a shift schedule line provided by the shift valve according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring to Figs. 3 and 4, the present invention is hereinafter described. Fig. 3 shows a shift valve for an automatic transmission according to the present invention. This shift valve comprises a spool 22 and a plug 24 which are slidably fit in a valve bore formed in a valve body 20. At the both ends of the valve bore, retainers 32 and 34 are mounted by pins 26 and 28, respectively. Between the spool 22 and the plug 24 is arranged a first spring 36. Between the retainer 32 and the spool 22 is arranged a second spring 38. A force of the second spring 38 is smaller than a force of the first spring 36. The valve body 20 is formed with oil grooves 20a to 20h. The oil groove 20a is connected to a throttle pressure circuit. The oil grooves 20b and 20f are connected to a kickdown pressure circuit. The oil groove 20c is a drain port. The oil groove 20d is connected to a circuit that communicates with a clutch 40. The port 20e is connected to a circuit that communicates with a source of oil pressure 42. The ports 20g and 20h are connected to a governor pressure circuit which receives governor pressure representative of vehicle speed. When not in a kickdown state, the ports 20b and 20f are drained. In this state, a leftward force due to governor pressure P G supplied from the oil groove 20h and another leftward force due to the second spring 38 act on the spool 22. Also acting on the spool 22 are a rightward force due to the first spring 36 or after the plug 24 has come into contact with the spool 22, a force with which throttle pressure P TH supplied from the oil groove 20a acts on the plug 24 is added to the rightward force due to the first spring 36. The spool 22 is movable so as to balance the total of the above mentioned leftward forces with the total of the rightward forces and is shiftable between a down position as indicated by a bottom half and an up position as indicated by an upper half. When the spool 22 assumes the down position, the oil groove 20d is allowed to communicate with the oil groove 20e, thus admitting oil pressure from the source of oil pressure 42 to the clutch 40. When, on the other hand, the spool 22 assumes the up position, the oil groove 20d is allowed to communicate with the oil groove 20c, thus draining the oil pressure of the clutch 40. In the above mentioned manner, the clutch 40 is engaged or released, thus effecting shifting between gears. A shift schedule line where the clutch 40 is engaged or released is illustrated in Fig. 4. In the case the plug 24 is out of contact with the spool 22 when the throttle pressure P TH is low, acting on the spool 22 to urge same to the right is the force due to the spring 36 only so that governor pressure P G at which the spool 22 is shifted is a constant value b and thus a line portion B of the shift schedule line as shown in Fig. 4 is provided. When the plug 24 has come into contact with the spool 22 when the throttle pressure P TH is increased, the rightward force due to the throttle pressure P TH is added to the force due to the spring 36, so that the value in governor pressure P G at which the spool 22 is shifted varies depending upon the throttle pressure P TH and thus a line portion A of the shift schedule line as shown in Fig. 4 is provided. A value of an intersecting point a where an extended line of the line portion A intersects with an ordinate is determined by the force of the spring 38. Therefore, varying the force of the second spring 38 will result in shifting of the line portion A in a vertical direction as viewed in Fig. 4. That is, if the force of the second spring 38 is set large, the line portion A shown in Fig. 4 moves upward, whereas the force of the second spring 38 is set small, the line portion A moves downward. If the force of the second spring 38 is set zero (that is, the second spring 38 is taken away), the value a becomes zero so that the line portion A intersects with the origin of the coordinate axes, resulting in providing the same shift schedule line as shown in Fig. 2. A value b of an intersecting point where the line portion B intersects with the abcissa can be varied by varying the force of the first spring 36 in the similar manner employed by the conventional shift valve. As previously mentioned, the force of the second spring 38 is set smaller than the force of the first spring 36. If the force of the second spring 38 is set larger, the spool 22 always assumes the up position when the throttle pressure P TH approaches zero, thud providing inappropriate shift schedule line. As a result, with the shift valve for the automatic transmission according to the present invention, both of the line portion A and line portion B of the shift schedule line as shown in Fig. 4 can be varied by varying the spring force of the second spring 38 and the force of the first spring 36, thus providing a desired shape of shift schedule line. It will now be understood that without relying on the design change in configuration of the spool 22 and the plug 24, various kinds of shift schedule lines can be provided.

Claims: A shift valve for an automatic transmission comprising a valve body (20) formed with a valve bore, a spool (22) and a plug (24) slidably fit in said valve bore the spool (22) being biased in a first direction by a spring (36) and the plug (24) being biased by said first spring (36) in a second opposite direction, the first spring (36) being positioned between the plug (24) and the spool (22), and a second spring (38) provided for biasing said spool (22) in said second direction, said spool (22) having a pressure acting area upon which a governor pressure (P G ) is applied and is urged in the second direction when said governor pressure is applied to said pressure acting area, said plug (24) having a pressure acting area upon which a throttle representative pressure (P TH ) is applied and is urged in the first direction to urge said spool (22) in the first direction via said first spring (36) when said throttle representative pressure (P TH ) is applied to said pressure acting area of said plug (24), the shift valve being characterized in that the force of the second spring (38) is smaller than the force of said first spring (36). A shift valve as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said second spring (38) is positioned in a bore of a valve body (20) between said spool (22) and an end valve (32) closing one end of said bore of said valve body (20).

Inventors: SHIBAYAMA, TAKASHI, SUGANO, KAZUHIKO
Applicants: NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.
Application year: 1984
Main classification: F16H61
IPC codes: F16H61