TRIANGULATED FRAME STRUCTURES

Abstract: A method of building a triangulated frame structure of the kind composed of a plurality of subsidiary members (12) joined by their ends to a plurality of main members (7, 8, 11) intermedially of the ends of the main members (7, 8, 11). The method comprises forming the ends of the subsidiary members (12) as protrusile tongues (13); providing the main members (7, 8, 11) with locator slots (14) each able to accept one of the tongues (13), and located in the main members (7, 8, 11) at points to which the end of a subsidiary member (12) is to be joined; arraying the main members (7, 8, 11) and the subsidiary members (12) together substantially in correspondance with the position they are to occupy in the finished frame structure, entering the tongues (13) into that one of the slots nearest to it when the members (7, 8, 11, 12) are in the arrayed position; and bending the entered tongues (13) so that they are at least partially restrained against withdrawal from the slots (14).

Description: Title: "TRI NGULATED FRAME STRUCTURES" Technical Field This invention relates to triangulated frame structures such as roof trusses, girders and others. Frame structures -of the kind in question (hereinafter referred to simply as "trusses") comprise: a top chord, a bottom chord and a plurality of brace members which extend between the chords and have their ends respectively secured thereto. Where the truss is in the form of a warren girder (for example) the two chords are usually parallel. Where the structure is a roof truss, it is common for the top chord to be in two parts having upper ends, which meet in a ridge, and lower or eave ends. The ends of the bottom chord (in such case) are secured to the top chord parts adjacent their eave ends. Background Art In a purely structural sense, the prior trusses of the type discussed have been satisfactory, but their assembly and installation have not been so. In the interests of production efficiency the O PI practice has grown for trusses to be built in the workshop and then taken to the site ready for installation. This in-factory production has been successful, largely because it permits the truss parts to be assembled, and the securing of the truss parts to be effected, in a jig ensuring speed and accurate uniformity of truss formation. Notwithstanding the considerable utility of jigs in truss production, their use has its drawbacks. In the first place, truss jigs are relatively bulky, and thus present a storage problem. A separate size of jig is required for each truss size or form, unless the jigs are furnished with movable parts; but, even if that be done, a further disability arises because it increases the complexity of the jig design and it involves time-losses in re-locating and re-setting of the jig parts to suit each different truss size or kind. Another shortcoming in the use of jigs is that where (as is usually the case) the joints connecting the truss chords and other members are made (by welding, riveting or otherwise) while the truss assembly is still in the jig; the option to assemble the truss at the workshop or at the site is denied to the builder in the case of trusses too large for convenient transport. Disclosure of the Invention The object of this invention is to remedy the situation outlined above very simply; by the provision of a method of building a frame structure which enables the frame parts to be assembled and connected together without need for jigs, without loss of accuracy or production efficiency and with the option to assemble the frame parts in the factory or on the site fully available to the builder as may seem expedient. The invention provides: A method of building a triangulated frame structure of the kind composed of a plurality of subsidiary members joined by their ends to a plurality of main members intermedially of the ends of said main members; said method comprising: (a) forming the ends of at least some of said subsidiary members as protrusile tongues, (b) providing said main members with a plurality of locator slots each able to accept one of said tongues within it, and located in said main members at points therein to which the end of a subsidiary member is to be joined; (c) arraying said members together substantially in correspondence with the position they are to occupy relative to other members in the finished frame structure by entering said tongues into that one of said slots nearest to it when said members are arrayed as aforesaid, and (d) bending said entered tongues so that they are at least partially restrained against withdrawal from said slots. Examples of the invention, as applied to a roof truss, are illustrated in the drawings herewith. Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a roof truss. Fig. 2 repeats a fragment of Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale, and shows one of the tongues in course of truss assembly. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a two-part top chord in course of preparation. Fig. 4 is an end elevation projected from Fig. 3. Fig. 5 repeats Fig. 3 except for showing the top chord prepared for truss incorporation. Fig. 6 shows a fragment of the same truss except for its inclusion of a minor modification. Best Mode of Carrying Out the Invention Referring to Figs. 1 to 5; the top chord is in two parts 7 and 8. These meet in a ridge 9 and have eave end portions 10. A bottom chord 11 extends between and has its ends secured to portions 10. A plurality of brace members 12 have ends secured to one of the parts 7 or 8 and their other ends to bottom chord 11. The ends of the bottom chord 11 and the ends of the braces 12 are formed with tongues 13 which protrude from ___OMPI - the extreme ends of the members concerned. The chords 7/8 and 11 are pierced by slots 14 at those points where a joint is required to be made. When the truss is to be assembled, the parts for it may be laid out (on the ground, for example) in rough accord with the arrangement of them required in the finished truss. The tongues 13 are then entered into the appropriate slots 14. When so entered, the tongues are bent over (by hammering or otherwise) so to connect the parts concerned together, at least sufficiently to ensure accurate and sustained location of each of those parts relative to the other. In Fig. 2 one of the tongues is shown partly bent at 13A and fully bent by dotted lines 13B. It will be understood that with some trusses (mainly dependant upon its expected working load conditions) the upper ends of the top chord parts, meeting in ridge 9, may simply butt one against the other; or, as an alternative to simply butting, the end of one part may be pre-joggled to nest inside the other. In most cases however, it is preferable for the meeting ridge ends to be joined together. This may be done in any conventional way. For preference however, the two parts 7 and 8 are made in one straight piece as shown at 15 in Fig. 3, this piece is then bent at the required ridge point to give the required top chord form. To facilitate this bending, the "one-piece" chord member may be slit (by. sawing or otherwise) almost right through as indicated at 16. If the top chord is of light-weight channel material (as indicated by Fig. 4) the corners 17, produced by the slitting, may simply be lapped as at 18 in Fig. 5. Alternatively, the corners 17 of one part may be pre-joggled to fit between the corners 17 of the other part. As a further alternative, the one-piece chord member 15 may be vee-notched or vee-folded instead of merely being slit. In structures of extreme light weight, and in respect of members in compression when loaded, the bending over of tongues 13, as described above, may constitute the sole means whereby a joint is made. Also however, each or any of the joints may be additionally secured to ensure against coming apart when under load. The additional securing means may consist of spot welding, pop-riveting, bolting or other common fastening expedient applied to the bent tongues 13 and the parts into contact with which they have been bent, or to flanges or other parts of the joined members. It will be noted that bottom chord 11 is present in the illustrated truss in two capacities; in that, it is a subsidiary members insofar as it has its ends joined to top chord parts 9 and it is a main member insofar as it has the ends of brace members 11 joined to it. The truss partly shown in Fig. 6 corresponds with that described above except for its inclusion of means to support an eave-sof it panel. The arrangement of Fig. 6 includes a top chord 7A and a bottom chord 11A in the same way as previously explained. In addition however, top chord 7A is extended by having an upright suspension member 19 depending from it. This member is joined to the proximal end of a soffit panel support member 20 whereof the distal end 21 is joined, by way of downbent lug 22 for example to the wall or other structure 23 upon which the truss rests. The members 19 provide a mounting for guttering and or facia, and the members provide support for conventionally installed soffit panels. It will be appreciated that parts 19 and 20 may be formed as one piece joined to chord 7A by welding, pop-riveting or otherwise. Alternatively parts 19, 20 and 7A may each be formed separately and conventionally joined together in the manner indicated, and as a further alternative the chord 7A and parts 19 and 20 may be integrally joined in one-piece. This last mode would be very suitable where the members concerned are made as light-gauge sheet-steel channels as the formation of parts 19 and 20 could be effected entirely by channel flange slitting followed by channel web bending, still further followed, if desired, by soldering, welding, riveting etc. of the lapping flange portions so produced.

Claims: CLAIMS 1. A triangulated frame structure of the kind composed of a plurality of subsidiary members joined by their ends to a plurality of main members intermedially of the ends of said main members; said method comprising: (a) forming the ends of at least some of said subsidiary members as protrusile tongues, (b) providing said main members with a plurality of locator slots each able to accept one of said tongues within it, and located in said main members at points therein to which the end of a subsidiary member is to be joined; (c) arraying said members together substantially in correspondence with the position they are to occupy relative to other members in the finished frame structure by entering said tongues into that one of said slots nearest to it when said members are arrayed as aforesaid, and (d) bending said entered tongues so that they are at least partially restrained against withdrawal from said slots. 2. A method according to claim 1 when performed in relation to a frame structure which is a truss composed of: two main members being top chord parts which meet in a ridge and have eave end portions, a plurality of brace members constituting said _C.fPI " subsidiary members, and a bottom chord which in relation to said brace members constitutes a main member, and in relation to said chord parts constitutes a subsidiary member. 3. A method according to claim 1 or claim 2 when performed in relation to a frame structure whereof all of the members are of channel cross-sectional shape. 4. A method according to claim 3 wherein all of said tongues and said slots are formed on or in the webs of said channel-sectioned members. 5. A method according to claim 3 insofar as it is dependent on claim 2 wherein said chord parts are made in one piece bent in its web to form said ridge. 6. A ' method according to any one of the preceding claims excepting claim 1 which includes the step of forming eave-soffit support means on the eave ends of said top chords. 7. A method according to claim 6 wherein said eave-soffit supports are formed integrally with said top chords. 8. A triangulated frame structure when made by a method according to any one of the preceding claims. 9. A roof truss when made by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 10. A roof truss substantially as herein described with reference to Figs. 1 to 5 or Fig. 6 of the drawings herewith.

Inventors: DAVIDOFF ALEXANDER MICHAEL, KROIE ROBERT, DAVIDOFF, ALEXANDER, MICHAEL, KROIE, ROBERT
Applicants: LYSAGHT AUSTRALIA LTD, JOHN LYSAGHT (AUSTRALIA) LIMITED
Application year: 1984
Main classification: E04B1
IPC codes: E04B1, E04C3