HOT-WATER BOILER

Abstract: Hot-water boiler consisting of a water-chamber (5) with furnace box (2) and a convection section (3) in which the convection element consists of a number of flue ducts, tubes or pipes (4) fitted with heat-accumulating iron bars (6), which bars protrude on both sides of the tubes inside the boiler and stretching as far into the water chamber (5) as it is possible. The heat-accumulating iron bars (6) will partly enhance optimum combustion and radiation of heat inside the furnace box (2), and partly enhance heat accumulation and heat transmission, thereby contributing and achieving a maximum of energy saving and fuel economy.

Description: Hot-V/ater Boiler •This invention is concerned with improvements in hot-water boilers designed to burn liquid, gaseous or solid fuels. It is a well known technique to improve the heating economy by letting the hot gases pass through the water chamber several times, or by distributing the hot gases on several channels, flues or pipes, thus achieving a considerable increase of the heating surface. That kind of technique is especially suit¬ lo able in larger boiler plants where the hot gases are sent through the flues or pipes at considerable pres¬ sure. In smaller or domestic boiler plants, in which essentially the thermal properties of the hot gases are responsible for an adequate take-up through the chimney, there will be limits to the lengths of such channels, flues or pipes. Another such well-known technique has been to increase the heat-transmitting surface of those firε-tubes or pipes through which a heated medium is sent, e.g. by welding onto thε tuces or pipes a crest πu::.bεr of round iron sections I is tnoc o- incrssεi ι" π -c .- 4- he heat-transmitting properties is not especially advan¬ tageous in connection with παt-water boilars with in¬ frequent draining-off of hot water, i.e. boilers where there is time enough for the heat in the flues tc be transmitted to the water. In this latter instance the problem is that the time, during which a certain amount of hot gas is in direct contact with the flue, tune cr pi e , is relatively sh rt. o o This present invention makes it possible to achieve es¬ sential im rovements in the heating economy of hot- water boilers, even if they are of modest size, and "BURE OMP even if- the space available makes it necessary to have relatively short chambers, channels or ducts to accomodatε the hot gases before they are led up the chimney. The underlying principle of this prε- 5 sent invention is that a number of heat-conducting and heat-accumulating bodies ere inserted into ell or at least some of those che-nεls, ducts or tubes, through which the burnt or heated cases are propa¬ gated. o The best effects ar'ε achieved in embodiments where one end of such heat-conducting and accumulating bodies is protruding into the combustion or furnace chamber itself, with the opposite end in the surround¬ ing water, so that the hot end inside the chamber is 5 brought up to heat of incandescence, acting as a heat-accumulating member designed to lead the heat from the flames of combustion direct to the heating medium, i.e. the water in tπε surrounding water cham¬ ber. α Besides, the red-hot bodies will have the favourable property that they contribute to a more efficient combustion. One example is -hat unburnt drops of fuel oil which happen to land on the protruding red-hot bodies will ignite and burn. o The heat-accumulating properties of such heat-trans¬ mitting and heat-accumulating bodies will result in oovious εcvaπtages as regards a more steady combustion pattern inside the burner. If for example oil or gas burners are used, it will be possible to avoid the o frequent starts and stops. The heat— ransmitting end aceum-ulatiπς oodiεs may be solid, an embodiment which would be efficient in terms of accumulative properties, but for oodles inserted in¬ to the f rnace chamber it would be iceai wi ^ a number of channels to circulate the water from the stei . chamber, a thing that would result in improved fuel economy. Ideally such bodies would have thick-walled tubes or pipes. 5 As already mentioned it is not a precondition of this invention to lead the burnt cr' combusted gases through the water chamber several times, but it is obvious that such a technique would improve the econ¬ omy. In such a design also the flue ducts or hot gas o channels could be provided with the hεat-transmitting and heat-accumulating bodies according to the invent¬ ion. ! The heat-transmitting bodies should be made in the same material as thε rest of the furnace/burner in 5 order to prevent cracking caused by deviating thermal expansion coefficient, i.e. they should be made in ■cast steel. When producing burners designed to heat private house or buildings of similar size it might be ideal to o produce sectional designs, a combustion section fol¬ lowed by a number of essentially identical sections, according to requirements, through which the hot gases can be led. Such sections may be positioned one after thε other, on top of each other, or side by side. 5 I . the instance where it is desirable to change an old hot-water boiler in a private house, it might be advisable to mount the old burner with a combustion chamber section according to thε invention, leaving thε old burner to function as an economizer, possibly o with added hεat-transmitting and heat-accumulating bodies as according to thε invention. In that casε thε bodies may simply consist of loose bars made of cast steel, positioned inside the old burner, but not fitted . OMPI One embodiment of the present invention will. now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 " shows one embodiment of a hot-water boiler according to the .invention, and Fig. 2 shows a section through the hot-water boiler along the line A-A in fig. 1, Fig. 3 shows a sεctional viεv; of anothεr εm— i bodi ent of a hot-water boiler accord- o ing to the invention, and Fig. 4 shows a vertical section through the hot-water boiler along the line B-B in fig. 3. The hot—water boiler shown is provided with an oil 5 burner 1. Combustion takes place insidε a combust¬ ion chamber, in thε e oodiment shown the tubular chamber 2. The hot gases are led into a flue or smoke chamber 3, which is divided into two parts conπεctεd by a convection pipε 4, so that thε gεsεs are taken o twice through a water chamber 5. The boilεr is sur¬ rounded by the usual type of casing made of an in¬ sulating material Z . The combustion chamber 2 as wεll as the convection pipes 4 are provided with heat-con¬ ducting end heat-accumulating bodies in solid cast 5 steel 6, which inside the combustion chamber and in¬ side the convection pipes have a collective core 7. The free ends of the heat conductors stretch out into the v- ' αtεr chamoεr 5. As mentioned in thε gεnεrel description of this in- o vεπtiαn thε heat conductors £ also function as hest- accuπulating members or oociεs, which will transmit hert to the boiler v.-atεr evtπ after the combustion he . been discontinued, but in addition thε heat con¬ ductors inside the combustion chamber will have the eKtra fuel-saving property that they result • in a more complete incineration of the oil vapour 5 injected into thε combustion chamber, being red-hot The number Dr. the shapε of thε heat-conducting and heat-accumulating bodies will not be critical. Of course the design should not include so many end/ or so thick bars that they will prevent the neces- lα sere craft. It is well known that cooling thε flue gases to less thεn 100 Centigrade is undesirable as the aqueous vapours which make up most of the contents of the flue. will thεn tend to condense and result in a 'wet' chimney. 15 Figures 3 an 4 of the drawings show another embo¬ diment of this invention. Thε boilεr shown here is designed for' 5 optional choice of fuel, be it oil, gas, or solid fuels. When burning solid fuεls the boiler will have at the front a stoking gate or o door 11 with a secondary air intake 12 and a flap 13 to accαmαdatε an ash pan 14, and with a primary air inta.kε- consisting of thε flap 13 controlled by a thermostat 15. If oil fuels are to be used thεre is a blind flange 17 which will accomocate en oil 5 burner. Otherwise, the boiler is divided into a combustion chamber IS and a flue gas rεceptaclε 19. Insidε thε comoustion chamber IS, crosswise in re¬ lation to soiler, and against the wall a- ;hε -FiIuε ces receptacle and also aαainst th. fro t c- o the boilεr, a number of vertically positioned heat- conducting and heεt-εccu uiatinc bodies 2o have been mounted in a row, consisting of solid cast iron berε, which bars pass through the walls of thε combustion chamber and into the boiler's water chamber 21. To serve as a rεst for thε fuεl thεrε is ovεr thε ash pan 14 a grid 16, likewise consisting of heat-acc-umulating bodies, in this instance with thick-walled pipes. In the upper section of the dividing wall 22 there is a passage into "the flue gas receptacle 19, divided into two ducts 24 end 25 with a dividing well 26, which wail is cut off at its lower end above the bottom of thε boilsr in such a fashion that thε gasεs arε fαrcεd down under thε dividing wall 26 and up to the flue take-out 27 pαsitionεd at thε top rear of the boiler. In each of thε ducts 24, 25 the boiler is fitted with identical racks consisting of two vertically pαsitionεd pipes 28 mounted across thε boilεr and provided with a number ' of horizontically distended supports 29, distended lengthwise in relation to the boiler and staggered, which supports 29 carry a number of solid cast steel bars; these bars are the heat-conducting and heat- accumulating bodies 30. At one side of thε boiler there is a cleaning door leading to the flue gas receptacle 19, so as to facilitate inspection and cleaning of thε boiler, and also facilitating production and fitting in the way that the heat-conducting and heat-accumula¬ ting bodies 3o can be laid into the boiler from the side and can be removed during fitting, thereby re- ducinc thε wεight cf the boiler. OM •

Claims: THI5 IS WHAT E CLAIM; 1. Hot-water boiler designed to burn liquid, gaseous or solid fuels in which the products of the combust¬ ion - the fluε gases - are led from a combustion chamber, which chamber goes through or is contained 5 in a water chamber, to one or several fluε chambers possibly connected by convection ducts through which thε fluε gasεs are taken or propagated, c h a r a c t- e r i z e d i n that the boiler or at least the combustion chamber is provided with heat-conducting o and heat-accumulating bodies. 2. Hot-water boiler according to claim 1, where the flue chamber or receptacle is divided into two or several chambers (3) connected by a number of con¬ vection pipes (5) through which the gasεs are led 5 from one chamber to another by w ; ay of the watεr chamber (4), c h a r a c t e r i z ε d i n that all thε convεction pipεs are prαvidεd with built-in heat-conducting and accumulating bodies (6) . 3. Hot-water boiler according to claim 1, c h a r- o a c t e r i z e d i n that thε heet-ccj-jcucting one cccumulating bodies, or at least th se in the combustion chamber, protrudε through the v/allε into the surrounding water chamber. 4. Hot-water boilεr according to claims 1 or 2, 5 c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that some or all of the heat-conducting end accumulating bodies (6) have inside them channels designεd to circulate thε water from the watεr chamber. 5. Hot-water boiler according to claim 4, c h a r- a c t e r i z e d i n that those of thε heat-con¬ ducting a.nd accumulating bodies (6) Vihicr nave channels inside them consist of thick-wailed tubes OM or pipes. 6. Hot— atεr boilεr according to claims 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the heat- conducting and accumulating bodies (6) and the 5 convection pipes (4) meet in a joint or collective core (7) and s . pread out throch the channel wells in a star-shaped pattern. 7. Hot-water boilεr according to any of thε claims in the prεcεding text, c h ε r ε c t e r i z ε d ' o i n that heating elements and heating and accu¬ mulating bodies (6) consist of cast steεl. B. Hot-watεr boiler according to any one of thε prεceding claims desigπεd for the heating αf small or large buildings of any kind, e.g. one-fεmily or 5 semi—detached houses, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that thε boilεr is available in a number of sections consisting αf a combustion cha bεr sεctiαn followed by a number of largely identical sections designed for thε passage αf hot or flue gases. α 9. Hot-water boilεr according to any onε of thε preceding claims, c h e r e c t ε r i z ε d i n that it may bε linkεd up with am already existing hot-water boiler, which existing boilεr functions as an economizer, possibly provided with nest—con— 5 ducting and accumulating bodies or eiεraεnts. OM

Inventors: SIMONSEN JOERGEN-VALDEMAR FRAN, SIMONSEN, JOERGEN-VALDEMAR, FRANKLIN
Applicants: SIMONSEN JOERGEN VALDEMAR FRAN, SIMONSEN, JOERGEN-VALDEMAR, FRANKLIN
Application year: 1983
Main classification: F24H1
IPC codes: F23J15, F24H1, F24H9