AQUEOUS LUBRICANT COMPOSITION

Abstract: An aqueous lubricant composition suitable for use as a hydraulic fluid, metal drawing fluid, cutting fluid or press oil, even in the form of a water-based fluid having a water content over 80% by weight, contains the following three compounds R¹Y[(C p H 2p O) a (C₂H₄O) b (C q H 2q O) c H] m (I) R²[Y[{(C₂H₄O) d (C p H 2p O) e } (C q H 2q O) f H] m ] n (II) R³[CONR⁴-(C r H 2r O) g H] t (III) in which R¹ is hydrocarbyl, R² is the residue of a polyhydric alcohol, a polyhydric phenol or a polyamine, R³ is hydrocar­ byl, R⁴ is hydrogen, hydrocarbyl or (C s H 2s O) h H, Y is an oxygen (m = 1) or nitrogen (m = 2) atom, p and q are each 3 or 4, r and s are each 2 or 3, g and h are each from 1 to 20, t is from 1 to 5, a ≧ 0, b ≧ 2, c ≧ 0, d ≧ 0, e ≧ 0 and f > 0.

Description: AQUEOUS LUBRICANT COMPOSITION The present invention relates to aqueous lubricant compositions. Water-based lubricants have been widely used for, for example, hydraulic fluids, metal cutting fluids and metal working fluids, since they are of low inflammability or non-inflammable. Wate-based lubricants including non-inflammable hydraulic fluids based on water/glycol, for use as cutting fluids, usually contain a watersoluble high polymer compound such as a plyether as a lubricant and a thickener, e.g. in an amount of 15 to 40% by weight. Economies in resources and energy have more recently made it desirable that an aqueous lubricant should have a higher water content This is especially the case for non-inflammable hydraulic fluids based on water/glycol, and it is desirable that the water content should be much greater than that (about 40% by weight) of conventional water-based hydraulic fluids. A water content of90% by weight or more inevitably means a decreased concentration of the thickener in the hydraulic fluid, and this may prove unacceptable when using conventional thickeners. Thus, for example, a water-soluble polyether having a molecular weight below 50,000 which has been used as the thickener for noninflammable hydraulic fluids based on water/glycol provides good mechanical shearing stress resistance, but it exhibits a low thickening effect and insufficient increase of viscosity when used in a small amount; this may result in leakage from seams of machines when used, due to the inferior lubricating power. A polyethylene oxide of high molecular weight can provide a marked thickening effect even when used in a small amount, but is liable to break down when subjected to mechanical shearing stress. An aqueous lubricant composition according to the present invention comprises a polyether compound of formula I, a polyether compound of formula II and an amide compound of formula III, the formulae being given below. R1Y[(CpH2pO)a(C2H2O)b(CqH2qO)cH]m (I) In this formula, R1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 5 to 26 carbon atoms, Y stands for an oxygen or nitrogen atom, p and q denote each an integer of 3 or 4, a and c indicate each an average number of addition moles of an alkylene oxide having 3 or 4 carbon atoms, b is an average number of addition moves of ethylene oxide and m is an integer of 1 or 2, wherein a 2 0, b 2 2, c 2 0, wherein a + b + c = 2 to 200 and (a + c)/b = 0 to 7/3, and wherein the oxyethylene group and the oxyalkylene group(s) having 3 or 4 carbon atoms are added in a form of block segments. Rê#Y[{(C2H1O)d(CpH2pO)e} (CqH2qO)fH]m#n (II) In this formula, R2 denotes a residue of a polyhydric alcohol, a polyhydric phenol or a polyamine each having 2 to 26 carbon atoms, Y stands for oxygen or nitrogen atom, p and q represent each an integer of 3 or 4, d indicates an average number of addition moles of ethylene oxide, e and f denote each an average number of addition moles of an alkylene oxide having 3 or 4 carbon atoms, m is an integer of 1 or 2 and n denotes an integer from 2 to 8, wherein d > 0, e 2 0 and f > 0, wherein d + e + f = 10 to 3,000, e/d = 0 to two 1 and f/(d + e) = 1/9 to 7/3, and wherein the chain segment within ( ) consists of a random addition chain, if . . e is not 0, and the chain segment(s) enclosed in ( ] exist in a form of addition blocks arranged in the sequence given in this formula. EMI3.1 In this formula, R3 denotes a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 54 carbon atoms1 R4 represents hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 26 carbon atoms or the group (CsHasO)hH and t is an integer from 1 to 5, wherein r and s represent each an integer of 2 or 3 and g and h denote each an average number of addition moles of an alkylene oxide having 2 or 3 carbon atoms. and stand for 1 to 20. In the above given general formula I, the hydrocarbon group expressed by R1 includes aliphatic(linear, cyclic and branched and saturated and unsaturated) and aranatic groups such as those residues of, for example, saturated aliphatic alcohols, unsaturated aliphatic alcohols, cycloaliphatic.. alcohols, aroma ti alcohols, alkyl-substituted phenols, alkenyl-substituted phenols, saturated aliphatic nines, unsaturated aliphatic gamines, cycloaliphatic amincs, aromatic amines and so on, each having 5 to 26 carbon atoms. Examples of alcohols1 phenols and amines corresponding to the residue R' Include pentanol1 hexanol, heptanol, octanol, nonanol, decanol, undecanol, dodecanol, tridecanol, tetradecanol, pentadecanol, hexadecanol, heptadecanol, octadecanol, nonadecanol, cyclopentanol, cyclohexanol, benzyl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, octyl phenol, nonyl phenol, decylamine, dodecylamine, tridecylamine, tetradecylamine, pantadecylamine, hexadecylamine, heptadecylamine, octadecylamine, oleylamine and so on. The alkylene oxides having 3 and 4 carbon atoms which are expressed by CpHzpO and CqH2qO in the above general formulae I and 11 include propylene oxide, butylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran and so on. They can be used alone or in combination. The symbol m represents a number of chains combined directly to Y and corresponds to ] if Y is an oxygen atom, or corresponds to 2 if Y is a nitrogen atom. The polyethers represented by the general formula I include also those in which either one or both of a and c are zero. The polyether compounds represented by the general formula I can be produced from a starting material consisting of one or more of alcohols, phenols and anines having hydrocarbon residues corresponding to R1 by subjecting them to an addition of ethylene oxide alone or together vith one or more of said other alkylene oxides having 3 and 4 carbon atoms respectively so as to form block segments in the addition chain. The addition polymerization in a form of block segments can be carried out in any desired sequence of addition without restric tion and it is even possible to carry out the addition polymerizations of them in an alternate manner. There is no restriction as to the manner of addition polyterization-and it is possible to carry out the reaction, for example, in the presence of an alkali catalyst at a temperature between 60 and 180 t:. Xbe polyhydric alcohols, polyhydric phenols and polyamines each having 2 to 26 carbon atoms corresponding to the residuc H2 ii the above geteral formula II include, for example, ethylene glycol, propyleric glycol, butanediol, hexylene glycol, octylene glycol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, glucose, sucrose, ethyl diethanolamine, butyl diethanolamine, triethanolamine, tripropanolamine, N,N'-dinaphthyl-p-phenylenediamine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, bisphenol A, hydrogenated bisphenol A, 4,4'-butylidene-bis(6-tert.-butyl-3-methylphenol), 4,4'-thio-bis(6-tert.-butyl-3-methylphenol), catechol, resorcinol and so on. The symbol n represents the number of chains directly bound to the residue R2, which is the number corresponding to the valency of residue R2 (from 2 to 8). The polyether compounds expressed by the above general formula II can be obtained from a starting material consisting of a polyhydric alcohol, a polyhydric phenol or a polyamine corresponding to the residue R2 by subjecting it to an addition polymerization of ethylene oxide alone or in combination vith one or more of the alkylene oxides having 3 and 4 carbon atoms respectively in a random distribution and then to a further addition of one or more of the previously suggested alkylene oxides having 3 and 4 carbon atoms respectively in such a manner that they build up block segments in the addition chain. The amide compounds expressed by the above general formula III to be employed according to the present invention are primary and secondary alkanolamides of monocarboxylic acids or polycarboxylic acids with valencies-from 2 to 5, each having 8 to 54 carbon atoms. The symbol t in the general formula III represents the number corresponding to to the valency of this carboxylic acid and is from 1 to 5. Examples of these mono- and polycarboxylic acids include caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, stearic acid, nonadecanoic acid, arachic acid, behenic acid, cerotic acid, undecylenic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, linolic acid, linoieic acid, dimerized or trimerized acids obtained by oligomerization of unsaturated fatty acids, azelaic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedjoic acid, tridecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, octadecanedioic acid, eicosanedioic acid and so on. As the primary and secondary amines to be employed to form the amido group of the general formula III, there may be enumerated, for example, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, monopropanolamine, dipropanolamine, ethylmonoethanolamine, butylmonoethanolamine, hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine, addition products of these obtained by adding thereto ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide. The amide compounds of the above general formula III can be obtained by reacting a mono- or polycarboxylic acid having 8 - 54 carbon atoms or an ester of such carboxylic acid with a lover alcohol, such as, methyl ester, ethyl ester, n-propyl ester, iso-propyl ester or: glyceride, with equivalent or excess amount of an alkanolamine or an alkylalkanolamine mentioned above with, if necessary, adding thereon further ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, In reacting the lower alcohol ester of said carboxylic acid with an alkanolamine using an alkali catalyst, the amide compound represented by the general formula III can be obtained in high purity by using a substantially equivalent amount of the alkanolamine, whereas in the reaction of carboxylic acid vith alkanolamine, the amide compound of general formula III can only be obtained if a considerably excess of alkanolamine is used, vith the amide compound obtained being contaminated by the unreacted alknolamine. However, it is permissible to use either of the amide products in the lubricant composition according to the present invention. As to the polyether compound expressed by the general formula I; the number of yoles of addition of ethylene oxide andfiother alkylene oxides is limited so as to meet the condition a + b + c = 2 to 200. . The influeu of the hydrophobic groups of the starting compound will be too large to acquire a water-soluble property in case the above sum is less than 2 moles; conversely, if this sum exceeds 200 moles, the proportion of the starting com pound in the product molecule will be too low and thus the water-solubility will become too high, resulting in loss of the thickening effect. It is desirable to carry out the addition polymerizations of ethylene oxide and other alkylene oxides having 3 and 4 carbon atoms so as to build up a block segment for each of them, because, if a random addition polymerization is employed, an adequate balance between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups will not be attained, so that no thickening effect is obtained. The ratio of the moles of ethylene oxide to the moles of the other alky lene oxides having 3 and 4 carbon atoms should be at least 3/7, since otherwise the vater-solubility vill be reduced as and the product cannot be used46er an aqueous lubricant. The starting compound, to which alkylene oxide(s) are added, for the polyether compound expressed by the general formula I, should have at least 5 carbon atoms, because othervise the hydrophobic property of the starting com pound is too low to reach an adequate balance between the hydrophilic and hydro phobic groups even by adding the alkylene oxide(s), so that no thickening effect is attained. In the polyether compound represented by the general formula II, the total number of addition moles of ethylene oxide and the other alkylene oxides should be in such a range, that d + e + f = 10 - 3,000, since the molecular wei ght will betoo low to exhibit a thickening effect in case the above sum is less than 10 moles and, on the other hand, if the sum exceeds over 3,000 moles, the decrease in viscosity under mechanical shear ing stress vill become too intensive. It is necessary that the ratio of f/(d + e) is kept within the range from 1/;9 to 7/3, since the product vill no longer be suitable for use as an aqueous lubricant due to the inferior ater-soJubiJity if tie said ratio exceeds the value 7/3, whereas an adequate balance betveen the hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups will not be achieved and nothickening effect will be obtained if the sum is less than 1/9, because the proportion of the hydrophobic part inherited from the alkylene oxide(s) in the molecule becomes too lov. In the polyether compound represented by the general formula II, it is necessary to carry out the addition polymerization of ethylene oxide as vell as the other alkylene oxides in such a manner that the random addition segment or the polyethylene oxide segment within ( ) and the other polyalkylene oxide segment vill form block segments arranged in the sequence given in E ], since an adequate balance between the hydrophilic and the hydrophobic groups cannot be attained and no thickening effect is realized, if the addition polymerization is carried out in a random manner, and furthermore because a reverse sequence of the addition segments will also result in loss of the thickening effect. In the amide compound described by the general formula III, the number of addition moles of alkylene oxide should not exceed 20 moles1 since otherwise no thickening effect vill be reached and the compound cannot be used for an aqueous lubricant. Here, the number of carbon atoms in the mono- and polycarboxylic acids should be restricted within the range from 8 to 54, since no thickening effect will be realized due to too lov a hydrophobic property inherited from the hydrocarbon group, if the number of carbon atoms is less than 8. The polyether compound expressed by the general formula I, the polyether compound represented by the general formula II and the amide compound represented by the general formula III can be combined in any desired proportion in order to form an aqueous lubricant composition,by dissolving the so-formulated mixture in water. It is possible to employ one or more compounds for each of the three components of these general formulae I to III according to the present invention. The aqueous lubricant composition according to the present invention may preferably consist of 0.1 - 30 % by weight of the compound of general formula I, 0.1 - 30 % by weight of the compound of general formula JI , 0.1 - 20 % by ci- ght of the compound of general formula III and 20 - 99.7 % by weight of water. If a higher lubricity is required, the aqueous lubricant composition according to the present invention should preferably contain further a water-soluble compound having a number average molecular weight from 500 to 100,000. Here a preferable composition may be: Compound of general formula I 0.1 - 25 % by weight Compound of general formula II 0.1 - 25 % by weight Compound of general formula III ¯ O.1 - 20 % by weight Water-soluble compound as above 0.1 - 10 % by weight Water , 20 - 99.6 % by weight The aqueous lubricant composition according to the present invention can contain in every case 80 - 99 % by weight of water,. for a satisfactory water-base ydraulic fluid. For the above-mentioned water soluble compound, there may be employed for example salts of polyacrylic acid, salts of maleic acid copolymers, polyacrylamides,polyethyleneimin s,water-soluble urea resins, polyvinyl alcohol, polyether derivatives, poly(meth)acrylic acid derivatives and so on. Among them, polyether derivatives which have higher affinity to the compounds of the general formulea I to III may be preferred. It is possible to incorporate, upon requirement, in the aqueous lubricant compositions according to the present invention other conventional additives such as, for example, extreme pressure agents, lubricants, antifoaming agents, antioxidants,corrosion inhibitorssetal chelating agents and so on. Among the polyether compounds represented by the formulae I and II, those having limited molecular structures exhibit definite thickening effect within a limited range. While, for example, a compound obtained by adding 9 moles of ethylene oxide to one mole of oleyl alcohol shows a thickening ability, this thickening effect appears only within a limited range in the vicinity of the cloud point (35 \:) of the aqueous solution thereof and,thus-, it cannot be emptoyed for the base formulation of an aqueous lubricant. While compositions composed from the polyether compounds represented by the general formulae I and II exhibit relatively high cloud points and superior thickening effects over a wide temperature range, they have yet a shortcoming that the change in viscosity vith temperature is relatively great, so that the use thereof for an aqueous lubricant is restricted. It is known that an aliphatic alkanolamide such as a 1:2 condensation product of oleic acid with diethanolamine which is one of the amide compounds expressed by the general formula III has a superior thickening effect. Hovever, the viscosity variation with temperature of the aqueous composition prepared from this product is too high and the stability of the aqueous solution thereof upon storage is also inferior, so that this product is not satisfactory for use for the base formulation of an aqueous lubricant. It is also knawn that alkylene oxide adduces of an alkanolamide of a fatty acid exhibit an improved storage stability with some thickening effect and lower change in viscosity with temperature than for -an alkanolamide of the fatty acid , the thickening effect is decreased considerably, so that they are not suitable,alcne, for the base formulation of an aqueous lubricant. In contrast thereto, the aqueous lubricant compositions according to the present invention in which the polyether compounds represented by the general formulae I and II are combined together with the amide compound expressed by the general formula III exhibit excellent stability against shearing stress and have superior thickening property with very low viscosity variation vith tem rtture, so that they are most suitable for the base formulation of an aqueous lubricant. As explained above, the aqueous lubricant composition according to the present invention exhibits a highly advantageous behavior in the viscosity over a vide temperature range and has a superior stability against mechanical shearing stress and an excellent storage stability, so that it can be used for many applications, for example, as hydraulic fluid, metal draving as well as cutting fluid, press oil and so on. The be formulation to be employed for the aqueous lubricant composition according to the present invention brings forth a sufficient lubricity even in a small amount, so that enough high performances will be attained even when it is formulated into a fluid having a water content over 80 % by weight. The following Examples illustrate the invention. Production Examples illustrate canponent materials. Production Example 1 Production of a Compound of General Formula I In a 50 Q gas-tight reaction vessel, there were placed 10.7 kg (40 moles) of oleyl alcohol and 53 g of potassium hydroxide as catalyst, vhereupon 15.8 kg (360 moles of ethylene oxide were introduced so as to cause addition polymerization in nitrogen gas atmosphere at 90 - 130 'C under a superatmospheric pressure of 0.7 - 5.0 Kg/CZ. 26.5 kg of crude reaction product of polyoxyethylene glycol monooleyl ether vere obtained. The potassium hydroxide in the crude reaction product vas neutralized pith an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution and the water vas then removed under a reduced pressure of 50 mmHg or lover at 80 120 X: for two hours, whereupon 25.5 kg of refined product vere obtained after filtering off the precipitated salt. kProduction Example 2 Production of a Compound of General Formula II 620 g (10 moles) of ethylene glycol and 70 g of potassium hydroxide as catalyst vere placed in a 50 Q gas-tight reaction vessel. This vas then sub jected to reaction with 19.4 kg (440 moles) of ethylene oxide and 1l.f, ke (200 moles) of propylene oxide in nitrogen atmosphere at 90 - 120 OC under a superatmospheric pressure of 0.5 - 5.0 Kg/cX so as to cause block-ise addition polymerization to obtain 31.0 kg of crude reaction product of polyoxyethylenepolyoxypropylene glycol (block polymer). By performing the after-treatment as in Production Example 1, 31 kg of refined product were obtained. In the same manner as above, various products were produced, which vere used in the following Examples. Example 1 There were prepared aqueous lubricant compositions according to the present invention using the compounds of general formulae I to III produced as above. The cloud point, thickening effect, storage stability and shear stability vere tested for these lubricant compositions and vere compared with comparison formulations of the prior art, the results of which are recited in Table 1 together vith the concrete formulations of the aqueous lubricants tested. While some compounds are indicated in Table 1 by structural formulae not corresponding to the previously defined general formulae I to III for the sake of easier understanding of the molecular structure, the symbols I and II appended at each end of the structural formula suggest the correspondence to these general formulae. The symbol IIIa represents a compound of said general formula III, which is either a reaction product of a lower alcohol ester of a carboxylic a acid withviearly equivalent amount of alkanolamine or an adduct of this reaction product with ethylene oxide or with propylene oxide. The symbol IIIb denotes a compound of general formula III, which is a reaction product of a carboxylic acid with twice molar amount of an alkanolamine. The symbol IV represents the other vater-soluble compound explained previously. Compounds expressed by the structural formulae vithout these symbols are those which do not fall under the general formulae I to IV. The prefix i in the structural formulae in Table 1 indicates that the compound has a branched structure. (c H. 0) indicates a buty lerle oxide unit. The ser,meut enclosed within ( ) exists in a random poly ,eri- zation chain and others consist of block polymer chain. In Table 1, "indeterminablen in the column of kinematic viscosity is a result of the fact that no homogeneous sol- ution was obtained at the temperature of determination. The storage stability was estimated by observing the turbidity after storage in a thermostat at 5 C for 24 hours; the case of maintaining complete transparency is marked by 0, the case of occurrence of turbidity is niark- ed by A and the case of occurrence of phase separation is marked by X. The stability against shearing stress was determined using an ultrasonic shear stability tester (output: 150 W., 10 KHz). The solution to be tested vas subjected to ultrasonic vave irradiation at a temperature of 40 C for an irradiation period of 60 minutes. The shear stability vas calculated from the kinematic viscosity v1 at 25 C of the test solution before the irradiation and the kinematic viscosity v 2 at 25'C of the test solution after the irradiation by the folloving equation: : Shear Stability = sz/vl As is seen from Table 1, sole use of compounds of general formulae I to III may result in a low cloud point causing sometimes phase separation aihigh-- temperatures (for example, Sample No. 8), exhibiting great thermal variation of the composition viscosity and inferior storage stability (for example, Sample No. 10), and thus is inadequate for the base formulation of an aqueous lubricant composition. In contrast thereto, by combining these three components of the general formulae I to III in accordance with the present invention, thermal variation of the viscosity vas almost completely excluded and, at the same time, superior storage stability was attained (see Sample Nos. 1 to 7). Moreover, the aqueous lubricant compositions according to the present invention did not exhibit lowering of viscosity due to shearing stress, in contrast to the case of conventional high molecular weight thickening ager.iS(see, for example, Sample No. 18), so that they are very suitable for aqueous lubricants. Samples 1 to 7 only illustrate the invention. Table 1 EMI15.1 Sample <SEP> Composition <SEP> Cloud <SEP> Kinematic <SEP> Viscosity <SEP> (cSt) <SEP> Storage <SEP> Shear <tb> No. <SEP> Structure <SEP> Wt.-% <SEP> Pt.( C) <SEP> 40 <SEP> C <SEP> 25 <SEP> C <SEP> 10 <SEP> C <SEP> Stability <SEP> Stability <tb> <SEP> C15H35O(C2H4O)5H <SEP> (I) <SEP> 2.0 <tb> <SEP> i-C#8H37O(C3H5O)5(C2H4O)12H <SEP> (I) <SEP> 1.0 <tb> <SEP> 1 <SEP> HO(C3H8O)10(C2H4O)45(C3H6O)10H <SEP> (II) <SEP> 1.0 <SEP> 85 <SEP> 30.7 <SEP> 26.2 <SEP> 24.8 <SEP> # <SEP> 1.01 <tb> <SEP> C17H33CON(C2H4OH)2 <SEP> (IIIb) <SEP> 2.0 <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 94.0 <tb> <SEP> C2H15-#0O(C2H4O)18H <SEP> (I) <SEP> 3.0 <tb> <SEP> 2 <SEP> HO(C3H6O)75(C2H4O)80(C3H8O)75H <SEP> (II) <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> over <SEP> 35.9 <SEP> 40.1 <SEP> 48.8 <SEP> # <SEP> 0.99 <tb> <SEP> C11H23CON-(C2H4O)5H <SEP> (IIIa) <SEP> 4.0 <SEP> 90 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> (C2H4O)5H <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 90.0 <tb> <SEP> C6H13O(C2H4O)2(C3H5O)H <SEP> (I) <SEP> 5.0 <tb> <SEP> CH2O(C2H4O)200(C3H6O)30H <tb> <SEP> 3 <SEP> CHO(C2H4O)200(C3H6O)30H <SEP> (II) <SEP> 20.0 <SEP> over <SEP> 89.8 <SEP> 81.2 <SEP> 71.9 <SEP> # <SEP> 0.98 <tb> <SEP> CH2O(C2H4O)200(C3H5O)30H <SEP> 90 <tb> <SEP> C17H3CON-(C2H4O)17H <SEP> (IIIa) <SEP> 5.0 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> C2H5 <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 70.0 <tb> <SEP> C12H25O(C3H6O)50(C2H4O)50(C3H6O)50H <SEP> (I) <SEP> 2.0 <tb> <SEP> 4 <SEP> HO(C3H6O)30(C2H4O)100(C3H6O)30H <SEP> (II) <SEP> 4.0 <SEP> 86 <SEP> 41.9 <SEP> 48.5 <SEP> 38.6 <SEP> # <SEP> 1.00 <tb> <SEP> C15H31CON(C3H6OH)2 <SEP> (IIIb) <SEP> 3.0 <tb> <SEP> Wster <SEP> 91.0 <tb> <SEP> C18H35O(C2H4O)6H <SEP> (I) <SEP> 3.0 <tb> <SEP> i-C20H41O(C3H6O)22(C2H4O)40(C3H5O)40H <SEP> (I) <SEP> 1.0 <tb> <SEP> 5 <SEP> HO(C4H9O)2(C2H4O)20(C4H8O)2H <SEP> (II) <SEP> 1.0 <SEP> 77 <SEP> 27.8 <SEP> 23.5 <SEP> 20.0 <SEP> # <SEP> 1.02 <tb> <SEP> C11H23CON-(C2H4O)2C3H6OH <SEP> (IIIa) <SEP> 1.0 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> (C2H4O)2C3H6OH <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 94.0 <tb> Table 1 (cont.-1) EMI16.1 Sample <SEP> Composition <SEP> Cloud <SEP> Kinematic <SEP> Viscosity <SEP> (cSt) <SEP> Storage <SEP> Shear <tb> No. <SEP> Structure <SEP> Wt.-% <SEP> Pt.( C) <SEP> 40 <SEP> C <SEP> 25 <SEP> C <SEP> 10 <SEP> C <SEP> Stability <SEP> Stability <tb> <SEP> C8H27O(C4H8O)30(C2H4O)50H <SEP> (I) <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> 65 <SEP> 20.0 <SEP> 18.8 <SEP> 15.3 <SEP> # <SEP> 1.01 <tb> <SEP> HO(C4H8O)20(C3H6O)10(C2H4O)40)(C3H6O)20H <tb> <SEP> .....(II) <SEP> 2.0 <tb> <SEP> 6 <SEP> C7H25CON-C2H4OH <SEP> (IIIa) <SEP> 2.0 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> C8H27 <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 94.0 <tb> <SEP> C20H42O(C2H6O)20(C2H4O)128(C3H6O)40H <SEP> (I) <SEP> 1.0 <tb> <SEP> 7 <SEP> C#CH2O(C2H4O)200(C3H@O)50 <SEP> (II) <SEP> 2.0 <tb> <SEP> C17H33CON(C2H4OH)2 <SEP> (IIIb) <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> 89 <SEP> 34.1 <SEP> 30.3 <SEP> 27.9 <SEP> # <SEP> 1.00 <tb> <SEP> HO(C2H4O)250(C3H6O)50H <SEP> (IV) <SEP> 5.0 <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 90.0 <tb> <SEP> 8 <SEP> C1@H35O(C2H4O)5H <SEP> (I) <SEP> 5.0 <SEP> 35 <SEP> (indeter- <SEP> 10.3 <SEP> 3.5 <SEP> # <SEP> 0.98 <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 95.0 <SEP> minable) <tb> <SEP> 9 <SEP> HO(C3H6O)10(C2H4O)45(C3H8O)10H <SEP> (II) <SEP> 5.0 <SEP> 57 <SEP> 1.21 <SEP> 1.09 <SEP> 0.99 <SEP> # <SEP> 0.98 <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 95.0 <tb> 10 <SEP> C17H33CON(C2H1OH)2 <SEP> (IIIb) <SEP> 5.0 <SEP> over <SEP> 27.6 <SEP> 57.9 <SEP> 145.0 <SEP> X <SEP> 0.96 <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 95.0 <SEP> 90 <tb> <SEP> C18H35O(C2H4O)8H <SEP> (I) <SEP> 3.0 <tb> 11 <SEP> i-C19H37O(C3H6O)5(C2H4O)12H <SEP> (I) <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> 55 <SEP> 37.3 <SEP> 15.4 <SEP> 5.6 <SEP> # <SEP> 1.01 <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 95.0 <tb> <SEP> C12H25O(C3H@O)2(C2H4O)8(C3H8O)2H <SEP> (I) <SEP> 3.0 <tb> 12 <SEP> HO(C4H3O)2(C2H4O)46(C4H8O)2H <SEP> 5.0 <SEP> over <SEP> 4.7 <SEP> 8.3 <SEP> 17.8 <SEP> # <SEP> 0.99 <tb> <SEP> C12H23CON-(C2H4O)5H <SEP> (IIIa) <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> 90 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> (C2H4O)5H <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 90.0 <tb> <RTI ID=17.1> Tablc 1 (cont.-2) EMI17.1 Sample <SEP> Composition <SEP> ClouD <SEP> Kinematic <SEP> Viscosity <SEP> (cSt) <SEP> Storage <SEP> Shear <tb> No. <SEP> Structure <SEP> Wt.-% <SEP> Pt.( C) <SEP> 40 <SEP> C <SEP> 25 <SEP> C <SEP> 10 <SEP> C <SEP> Stability <SEP> Stability <tb> <SEP> C4H5O(C2H4O)5H <SEP> 2.0 <tb> <SEP> HO(C3H5O)20(C2H4O)45(C3H5O)10H <SEP> (II) <SEP> 3.0 <tb> 13 <SEP> C11H23CON-(C2H4O)5H <SEP> (IIIa) <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> over <SEP> 3.5 <SEP> 7.8 <SEP> 13.1 <SEP> # <SEP> 1.01 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> (C2H4O)5H <SEP> 90 <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 93.0 <tb> <SEP> C1@H35O(C2H4O)9H <SEP> (I) <SEP> 2.0 <tb> 14 <SEP> HO(C3H6O)50(C2H4O)30 <SEP> 3.0 <tb> <SEP> C11H23CON-(C2H4O)2H <SEP> (IIIa) <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> (No <SEP> homogeneous <SEP> solution <SEP> was <SEP> formed) <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> (C2H4O)2H <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 93.0 <tb> <SEP> C18H35O(C3H6O)30(C2H4O)200H <SEP> 2.0 <tb> 15 <SEP> HO(C3H6O)2(C2H4O)4(C3H6O)2H <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> over <SEP> 1.6 <SEP> 3.9 <SEP> 7.3 <SEP> # <SEP> 1.03 <tb> <SEP> C11H23CON-(C2H4O)2H <SEP> (IIIA) <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> 90 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> (C2H4O)2H <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 94.0 <tb> <SEP> C18H35O(C3H6O)10(C2H4O)5(C3H6O)10H <SEP> 3.0 <tb> <SEP> HO(C3H6O)10(C2H4O)45(C3H6O)10H <SEP> (II) <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> (No <SEP> homogeneous <SEP> solution <SEP> was <SEP> formed) <tb> 16 <SEP> C11H23CON-(C2H4O)25H <SEP> 4.0 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> (C2H4O)25H <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 90.0 <tb> <SEP> C12H25O(C2H4O)5H <SEP> (I) <SEP> 1.0 <tb> <SEP> HO(C2H6O)10(C2H4O)45(C3H6O)10H <SEP> (II) <SEP> 3.0 <tb> 17 <SEP> C5H11CON-(C2H4O)2H <SEP> 1.0 <SEP> over <SEP> 2.5 <SEP> 6.1 <SEP> 10.3 <SEP> # <SEP> 1.00 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> (C2H4O)2H <SEP> 90 <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 95.0 <tb> Table 1 (cont.-3) EMI18.1 Sample <SEP> Composition <SEP> Cloud <SEP> Kinematic <SEP> Viscosity <SEP> (cSt) <SEP> Storage <SEP> Shear <tb> No. <SEP> Structure <SEP> Wt.-% <SEP> Pt.( C) <SEP> 40 <SEP> C <SEP> 25 <SEP> C <SEP> 10 <SEP> C <SEP> Stability <SEP> Stability <tb> <SEP> Polyethylene <SEP> oxide <SEP> having <SEP> 5.0 <SEP> over <SEP> 9.7 <SEP> 56.1 <SEP> 212 <SEP> # <SEP> 0.63 <tb> 18 <SEP> average <SEP> mol. <SEP> veight <SEP> of <SEP> 2.5 <SEP> x <SEP> 105 <SEP> 95.0 <SEP> 90 <tb> <SEP> Water <tb> 19 <SEP> HO(C2H4O)250(C3H6O)50H <SEP> 5.0 <SEP> over <tb> <SEP> Water <SEP> 95.0 <SEP> 90 <SEP> 1.68 <SEP> 3.5 <SEP> 5.7 <SEP> # <SEP> 1.00 <tb> Example 2 itater-basedhydraulic fluids were prepared by dissolvine in each 100 parts by weight of the Samples No. 1, 4, 10 and 18 of Example 1 the following additive mixture: Additive Mixture Oleic acid 1.0 part by weight Potassium hydroxide 0.2 n Morpholine 0.2 " Benzotriazole 0.1 n Antifoaming agent (KM-84 0.01 w of Shinetsu Chem. Ind. Co.) Using these vater-basedhydraulic fluids, pumping tests vere carried out under the conditions: Hydraulic pump: V-104C vane pump of Sperry Vickers Co. Fluid volume: 80 2 Discharge pressure: 70 Kg/cZ Pump revolution rate: 1,200 r.p.m. Test duration: 100 hr. Fluid temperature: 50 t: The results of the Tests are summarized in Table 2. In Table 2, the viscosity ratio is defined by the equation Viscosity Ratio = wherein s1' and v 2' denote the kinematic viscosities of the fluid before and after the test respectively. using As is clear from Table 2,#the aqueous lubricant compositionsaccording to the present invention, the rate of wear of the pump is low with complete exclusion of occurrence of sludge and the kinematic viscosity as well as the viscosity ratio -scarcely vary during operation. Table 2 EMI20.1 <tb> <SEP> Sample <SEP> Wear <SEP> of <SEP> Plump <SEP> (mg) <SEP> Occurrence <SEP> Kinematic <SEP> Viscosity <SEP> Viscosity <tb> <SEP> at <SEP> of <SEP> (40 <SEP> C, <SEP> cSt) <SEP> Ratio <tb> <SEP> No. <SEP> Cam <SEP> Vane <SEP> Total <SEP> Sludge <SEP> before <SEP> after <SEP> (40 <SEP> C <tb> Ring <SEP> Test <SEP> Test <tb> <SEP> 1 <SEP> 354 <SEP> 105 <SEP> 459 <SEP> none <SEP> 31.3 <SEP> 31.3 <SEP> 1.00 <tb> <SEP> 4 <SEP> 240 <SEP> 91 <SEP> 331 <SEP> none <SEP> 42.9 <SEP> 42.6 <SEP> 0.99 <tb> <SEP> 10 <SEP> 850 <SEP> 138 <SEP> 988 <SEP> some <SEP> 27.8 <SEP> 25.4 <SEP> 0.91 <tb> <SEP> 18 <SEP> 756 <SEP> 140 <SEP> 896 <SEP> some <SEP> 10.1 <SEP> 6.3 <SEP> 0.62 <tb>

Claims: CLAIMS 1. An aqueous lubricant composition comprising first and second polyether compounds and an amide compound, in which the first polyether compound has the formula lyCC ,HzpO)a(C2HdO)b(Csa2gO)cH]m in which R1 is C5-26 hydrocarbyl; Y is oxygen and m is one or Y is nitrogen and m is 2; p and q are each either 3 or 4; the average values a, b and c are defined by a # o, b # 2, c # 0, 2 < a + b + c # 200 and 0 # (a + c)/b 4 7/3; and wherein the ethyleneoxy groups and any of the other alkyleneoxy groups are each added in the form of block segments; in which the second polyether compound has the formula R2#Y[{(C2H4O)D(CpH2PO)E}(CqH2qO)fH]m#n in which R2 represents the residue of a polyhydric alcohol, a polyhydric phenol or a polyamine having 2 to 26 carbon atoms; Y, m, p and q are as defined above; n is an integer from 2 to 8; the average values d, e and f are defined by d > O, e # O, f > 0, 10 4 d + e + f 4 3000, 0 # d/e 4 1 and 1/9 < f/(d + e) 4 7/3; in which the chain segment within {} is a random addition chain if e is not 0, and in which the or each chain segment enclosed in [] exists in the form of addition blocks arranged in the sequence given in the formula; and in which the amide compound has the formula R3[CONR4-(CrH2rO)gH]t in which R3 is C8-54 hydrocarbyl, R4 is hydrogen, C1-26 hydrocarbyl or (CsH2sO)hH and t is an integer from 1 to 5, wherein r and s are each either 2 or 3, and the average values g and h are each from 1 to 20. 2. A composition according to claim 1, which comprises from 0.1 to 30% by weight of the first polyether compound, from 0.1 to 30% by weight of the second polyether compound, from 0.1 to 20% by weight of the amide compound, and from 20 to 99.7% by weight of water. 3. A composition according to claim 1 or claim 2, which additionally comprises a water-soluble compound having a number average molecular weight from 500 to 100,000. 4. A composition according to claim 3, which comprises from 0.1 to 25% by weight of the first polyether compound, from 0.1 to 25% by weight of the second polyether compound, from 0.1 to 20% by weight of the'amide compound, from 0.l to 108 by weight of the water-soluble compound, and from 20 to 99.6% by weight of water. 5. A composition according to claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the water-soluble compound is a polyalkylene glycol. 6. A composition according to any preceding claim, in the form of a water-based hydraulic fluid having a water content of from 80 to 99% by weight,

Inventors: FURUSE, KAZUO, MINAGAWA, KENICHIRO, OKABE, HEIHACHIRO, TANIZAKI, YOSHIHARU
Applicants: NIPPON OIL AND FATS COMPANY, LIMITED
Application year: 1983
Main classification: C10M173
IPC codes: C08G65, C10M173