NEW PYRAZOLO(3,4-B)PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THEM

Abstract: The present invention refers to a new class of pyrazo­ lopyridines having analgetic, ansiolytic, antiinflammatory and CNS-depressant activity. It is described a process for producing the compounds as well as pharmaceutical com­ positions containing them.

Description: The present invention relates to a new class of pyrazolo pyridine derivatives having CNS-depressant, anxiolytic, analgetic, antiinflammatory activity, to a process for producing them and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them. The new pyrazolo pyridines of the present invention are pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives of the following formula I. and their physiologically acceptable acid addition salts, wherein R and R¹ independently represent (C₁₋₆)alkyl, (C₃₋₇)cycloalkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, wherein one, two or three hydrogen atoms are replaced by substituents independently selected from , chloro, bromo, fluoro, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, trifluoromethyl, (C₁₋₄)alkyl, (C₂₋₄)alkenyl, (C₂₋₄)alkynyl, (C₃₋₇)cycloalkyl, (C₁₋₄)alkoxy, (C₁₋₄)alkylthio, (C₁₋₄)alkoxycarbonyl, carbo(C₁₋₄)alkyl, carbo(C₃₋₇)cycloalkyl, sulfinyl, (C₁₋₄)alkylsulfinyl; phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl, substituted phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl; wherein the substituents are defined as above; R² represents hydrogen, (C₁₋₄)alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, wherein the substituents are defined as above phenyl(C₁-₄)alkyl, substituted phenyl(C₁-₄)alkyl, wherein the substituents are defined as above; R³ represents (C₁₋₄)alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl, substituted phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl, wherein the substituents are defined as above or R² and R³ taken together represent a -(CH₂) - / n group wherein n is an integer selected from 3, 4, 5 and 6 and a -CH₂-group may be substituted with a wherein R⁷ represents (C₁-₄)alkyl or (C₂-₆)alkanoyl; R⁴ represents R⁸, -OR⁹ or an oxygen atom; R⁸ represents hydrogen, (C₁-₄)alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, phenyl(C₁-₄)alkyl, substituted phenyl (C₁₋₄)alkyl, wherein the substituents are defined as above; R⁹ represents hydrogen, (C₁₋₄)alkyl, (C₂₋₆)alkanoyl-(C₁₋₄)alkyl, hydroxy(C₂₋₄)alkyl, halo-(C₂₋₄)alkyl, amino(C₂₋₄)alkyl, mono- or di-(C₁-₄)alkylamino(C₂₋₄)alkyl, or disubstituted amino(C₂₋₄)alkyl, wherein the nitrogen atom is part of a 4, 5, 6 or 7 membered saturated heterocyclic ring selected from azetidinyl, pyrrolidyl, piperidinyl, 4-aminopiperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, 4-methylpiperazinyl, 4-phenylpiperazinyl, 2,6-dimethylpiperazinyl, 3,3-dimethylpiperazinyl, 2,6-dimethylmorpholynyl, which may optionally be substituted with a substituent selected from (C₁₋₄)alkyl, (C₅₋₇)cycloalkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl and substituted phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl, wherein the substituents of the phenyl group are defined as above; R⁵ represents R⁹ as above defined when R⁴ is oxygen, y is an additional bond and x is nil, or R⁵ represents nil when x is an additional bond, y is nil and R⁴ represents R⁸ or OR⁹, with the proviso that when R, R¹ and R² are defined as above, R⁴ is oxygen, y is an additional bond, both x and R⁹ are nil, R³ must be different from (C₁₋C₄)alkyl, with the further proviso that when R, R¹, and R³ are defined as above, R⁴ is R⁸, y is nil, and x is an additional bond, R² must he different from methyl, and the further proviso that when R¹ is methyl, then simultaneously R⁴ must be different from C₁-C₄ alkyl, phenyl, phenyl C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxyphenyl and halophenyl, R must be different from C₁-C₄ alkyl and R² and R³ must be different from C₁-C₄ alkyl, phenyl, phenyl C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxyphenyl and halophenyl. As used herein, the term "(C₁₋₆)alkyl" alone or in combination with other groups, represents a straight or branched alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl and the like. The term "(C₁₋₄)alkyl" alone or in combination with other groups represents a straight or branched alkyl group of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The term "(C₁₋₄)alkoxy", alone or in combination, represents straight or branched alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy and the like. The term "(C₃₋₇)cycloalkyl" represents cycloalkyl rings of from 3 to 7 carbon atoms, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and cycloheptyl. The term " (C₂₋₆)alkanoyl", represents alkanoyl groups of from 2 to 6 carbon atoms such as acetyl, propionyl, butiryl, n-valeryl, trimethylacetyl, caproyl, and the like. The term "hydroxy(C₂₋₄)alkyl", identifies straight or branched hydroxyalkyl radicals such as 2-hydroxyethyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 4-hydroxybutyl, 2-hydroxybutyl or 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl. The term "halo(C₂₋₄)alkyl", identifies straight or branched haloalkyl radicals such as 2-chloroethyl, 2-bromoethyl, 3-chloropropyl, 2-chloropropyl, 3-bromopropyl, 2-bromopropyl, 4-bromobutyl,. 4-chlorobutyl, 3-bromobutyl, 3-chlorobutyl, 2-bromobutyl, 2-chlorobutyl, 2-bromo-2-methylpropyl, 2-chloro-2-methylpropyl, 2-iodoethyl, 3-iodopropyl, or 4-iodobutyl. The term "substituted phenyl" alone or in combination with other groups, refers to a phenyl group wherein one, two or three hydrogen atoms are replaced by substituents independently selected from, chloro, bromo, fluoro, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, trifluoromethyl, (C₁₋₄)alkyl, (C₂₋₄)alkenyl, (C₂₋₄)alkynyl, (C₃₋₇)cycloalkyl, (C₁₋₄)alkoxy, (C₁₋₄)alkylthio, (C₁₋₄)alkoxycarbonyl, carbo(C₁₋₄)alkyl, carbo(C₃₋₇)cycloalkyl, sulfinyl, (C₁₋₄)alkylsulfinyl. The term "4 5, 6 or 7 membered saturated heterocyclic ring" refers to saturated heterocyclic groups of from 4 to 7 carbon atoms such as: azetidinyl, pyrrolidyl, piperidinyl, 4-aminopiperidinyl, 4-alkylamino-piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, 4-methylpiperazinyl, 4-phenylpiperazinyl, 2,6-dimethylpiperazinyl, 3,3-dimethylpiperazinyl, 2,6-dimethylmorpholinyl, and the like. The term "halo" represents chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms. "Inert organic solvent", as used in the description of the present invention, is a solvent in which the reactants are sufficiently soluble to allow the reaction to proceed, but which does not unfavourably interfere with the reactants or the final products. "Physiologically acceptable salts" are pharmaceutically acceptable salts wherein the whole toxicity of the compound is not increased compared with the non-salt. From these, acid addition salts are obtained by treating compounds of formula I above with pharmaceutically acceptable acids. As acids suitable for the formation of therapeutically acceptable salts there may be mentioned, for example, hydrohalide, sulfuric, phosphoric, and nitric acids; aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic or heterocyclic carboxylic or sulfonic acids, such as formic, acetic, propionic, succinic, glycolic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic, d-ketoglutaric, glutamic, aspartic, maleic, hydroxymaleic, pyruvic acid, phenylacetic, benzoic, para-aminobenzoic, anthranilic, para-hydroxybenzoic, salicylic, para-aminosalicylic or embonic acid, methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, hydroxyethanesulfonic, ethylenesulfonic acid; halobenzenesulfonic, toluenesulfonic, naphthalenesulfonic acids or sulfanilic acid. These or other salts of the new compounds may also be used for purifying the resulting compounds by converting them into salts, isolating the latter and liberating the free bases from them. When according to the above outlined processes, compounds of formula I are obtained as the corresponding salts of pharmaceutically acceptable acids, they may be converted into the corresponding free base compounds with a suitable alkali agent. The free bases may in turn be transformed into the corresponding salts by reaction with predetermined pharmaceutically acceptable acids In view of the close relationship between the new compounds in the free form and in the form of their salts what has been said above and hereinafter with reference to the free compounds concerns also the corresponding salts. A preferred group of compounds of the invention includes those compounds of formula I wherein R represents (C₁₋₆)alkyl, R¹ is a methyl group, R² and R³ taken together represent -(CH₂) - / n , wherein n is an integer selected from 3, 4, 5, 6, or a -CH₂- group may be substituted with a group, wherein R⁷ is (C₁₋₄)alkyl or alkanoyl. R⁴ represents OR⁹ wherein R⁹ is selected from (C₁₋₄)alkyl and hydroxy(C₁₋₄)alkyl, R⁵ is nil, x is an additional bond and y is nil. Another preferred group of compounds of the invention includes those compounds of formula I wherein R represents (C₁₋₆)alkyl, R⁴ represents an oxygen atom, R⁵ represents mono- or di-(C₁₋₄)alkylamino(C₁₋₄)alkyl or disubstituted amino(C₁₋₄)alkyl, wherein the nitrogen atom is part of a 5 or 6 membered saturated heterocyclic ring which may be substituted with one (C₁₋₄)alkyl or phenyl group. Another preferred group of compounds of the invention includes those compounds of formula I wherein R is (C₁₋₆)alkyl or (C₃₋₇) cycloalkyl, R¹ represents (C₁₋₄)alkyl, R² represents C₂₋C₄ alkyl or phenyl and R³ represents (C₁₋₄)alkyl or phenyl, or R² and R³ taken together represent -(CH₂) - / n group wherein n is an integer selected from 3, 4, and wherein one of the -(CH₂)-groups is substituted with a wherein R⁷ is (C₁₋₄)alkyl, (C₂₋₄)alkanoyl group, R⁴ represents R⁸ as above defined, R⁵ is nil, x is an additional bond and y is nil. Isoquinoline derivatives, wherein the nitrogen atom bears a hydrogen atom are described in U.S. Patent No. 4,113,713, while thiazolo[5,4-c] and pyrazolo[3,4-c]isoquinoline derivatives wherein the 4-nitrogen atom or the 5-oxygen atom are variously substituted are described in Europen Patent Publication No. 5745. U.S. Patent 3891630 is directed to a process for preparing an isoxazole[5,4-e]-[1,4]-or a pyrazolo [3,4e]-[1,4]-thiazepinone compound and it is described that said pyrazolo[3,4-e]-[1,4]-thiazepines can be used inter alia as precursor of substituted pyrazolo[3,4-b]-pyridin-4-ones. GB-A 1104145 describes substituted [3,4-b]-pyridines characterized by having a methyl group in the position 3 of the pyrazolo ring. The compounds of the invention wherein R, R¹, R², R³ are as defined above, R⁴ represents OR⁹, R⁵ represents nil, x is an additional bond and y is nil, and the compounds of the invention wherein R, R¹, R², R³ are as above, R⁴ is an oxygen atom and R⁵ represents R⁹, as above defined, x is nil and y is an additional bond, are prepared by a multistep procedure starting from a derivative of formula III according to Scheme I A compound of formula III, wherein the substituent groups are as above defined, is reacted with a isocyanate derivative of formula IV (R o -N=C=O), in a suitable solvent, in equimolecular amounts or in the presence of an excess of the compound IV, at a temperature between -5°C and 50°C, preferably between room temperature and the reflux temperature. The reaction time generally varies from a few minutes to some hours, depending on the compounds involved and the reaction temperature. This reaction step is carried out in the presence of a base. Representative examples of suitable base are aromatic or aliphatic tertiary amines such as 4-picoline, pyridine, triethylamine, trimethylamine and the like. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, these basic agents can be used also as the reaction solvent. In this reaction, one may employ one of a large number of isocyanate derivatives, since the essential feature of the R o group is a good leaving group capability without interfering with the reaction course. Examples of such leaving groups are lower alkyl or aryl groups such as ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, phenyl, p-tolyl and the like. Suitable solvents are inert organic solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, (C₃₋₁₀)ethers, dioxane, (C₅₋₇)cycloalkanes and the like. According to this procedure, an intermediate compound of formula V is obtained and, after recovering it according to common procedures, or directly, without recovery, the substance or reaction mixture is dispersed in a suitable organic solvent or solvent mixture and heated at a temperature between 50°C and the reflux temperature, preferably from about 90°C to about 250°C. The reaction time generally is from 1 minute to 8 hours, depending on the other reaction conditions. A reaction product is recovered, which is the compound of formula VII. This compound of formula VII (i.e. a compound of formula I wherein R, R¹, R², R³ are as above defined, R⁴ `` represents R⁹ when R⁹ is hydrogen, R⁵ is oxygen, x is nil and y is an additional bond), is then reacted with an equimolecular amount or a slight excess of a halide of formula VIII R⁹-halo, wherein R⁹ is defined as above with the exception of hydrogen and halo is an halogen atom selected from chlorine, bromine and iodine and preferably bromine or iodine to give the compounds of formula I. When R⁹ is a (C₁₋₄)alkyl group, also (C₁₋₄)alkylsulfonates may be advantageously employed instead of the halide VIII. The process is carried out by dissolving or suspending a molar amount of the selected compound of formula V in an inert organic solvent, such as, for instance, dioxane, tetrahydrofurane or, preferably, dimethylformamide, and adding to the obtained solution or suspension an equimolecular amount or a slight excess of a strong alkali agent over the compound of formula VII. Suitable alkali agents may be selected from alkali alkoxides such as, for instance, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide or potassium tert-butoxide, alkali metals and, preferably, alkali hydrides, e.g. sodium or potassium hydride. The obtained reaction mixture is kept for 2 - 3 hour at a temperature between 50 and 70°C, preferably at about 60°C, then, after cooling to room temperature, a slight molar excess of the compound of formula VIII is added and the mixture is heated for about 1-2 hours at a temperature again between about 50° and about 70°C, preferably at about 60°C. The mixture is finally worked up according to conventional techniques. Pursuant to this procedure, mixtures of the end compounds of formula I, wherein the substituent R⁹ is linked either to the nitrogen atom or to the oxygen atom, may be obtained in different percentages. The percentage of each isomer essentially depends on the nature of the substituents, although a general rule cannot be established. In general, it has been found that, with the molecules described in the present application, the O-substituted compounds are mainly obtained. In any case, when a mixture of N-substituted and O-substituted compounds is obtained, the single isomers can be isolated by means of common separation techniques, such as column chromatography, fractioned crystallization, HPLC and the like. Some of the compounds of the invention can advantageously be prepared by other routes which involve the transformation of a preexisting R⁹ substituent into another one falling within the scope of the invention. As an example, the compounds of formula I wherein R⁹ is halo(C₂₋₄)alkyl, are useful starting materials for preparing the corresponding compounds of formula I wherein R⁹ represents an aminoalkyl or substituted amino(C₂₋₄)alkyl as above defined. These compounds are prepared simply by reacting the selected halo(C₂₋₄)alkyl derivative with the suitable amine derivative according to known procedure. ` It has been found that compounds of formula I wherein R⁹ is halo(C₂₋₄)alkyl may be conveniently prepared from the corresponding hydroxy(C₂₋₄)alkyl derivatives by reacting them with appropriate halogenating agents, such as thionyl or phosphoryl halides and phosphorus pentahalides. It has been observed, however, that, when this halogenation reaction is carried out on a substrate of formula I wherein R, R¹, R² and R³ have the same meanings as before and R⁹ is a 2-hydroxyethyl or a 3-hydroxypropyl group, the reaction does not always afford the corresponding halo derivative in considerable yields, but a rearrangement may occur and the N-isomer of the following formula wherein R, R¹, R², R³ are defined as above and R⁹ represents a 2-haloethyl or a 3-halopropyl group, in which halo stands for a halogen atom, may be obtained in good yields. The reaction is advantageously performed by dissolving or suspending a suitable amount of the compound of formula VII in an organic solvent such as, for instance, a (C₁₋₄)halogenated hydrocarbon and adding to the obtained solution or suspension a molar excess of the halogenating agent, preferably from about 1 to about 3 molar equivalents over the starting compound of formula VII. Although all of the common halogenating agents proved to act satisfactorily, it has been found that the best results are obtained by employing thionyl halides, e.g. thionyl chloride or thionyl bromide. The reaction is carried out at a temperature between room temperature and about 70°C, and is complete in about 1 - 4 hours. In turn, the compounds of formula I wherein R⁹ represents halo(C₂₋₄)alkyl can be transformed into the corresponding derivatives of formula I wherein R⁴ represents an oxygen atom and R⁹ represents amino(C₂₋₄)alkyl, mono- or di-substituted amino(C₂₋₄)alkyl or disubstituted amino(C₂₋₄)alkyl wherein the nitrogen atom is part of a 4, 5, 6 or 7 membered saturated heterocyclic ring, by reacting them with the proper amine according to usual procedures. Finally, it will be clear to any person skilled in the art that other obvious routes for transforming a preexisting radical R⁹ into another radical R⁹ encompassed by the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the invention. The compounds of formula I wherein R, R¹, R² and R³ are as above defined, R⁴ represents R⁸, R⁵ is nil, x is an additional bond and y is nil are prepared according to the following scheme II According to this procedure, a compound of formula III is reacted with an equimolecular amount or a slight excess of a carboxylic acid derivative (such as a carboxylic acid halide, ester or anhydride) of the following formula XIII R⁸-CO-W XIII wherein R⁸ is as above and W represents an halogen atom selected from chlorine, bromine, and iodine, a O-R oo or a -O-CO-R⁸ group, wherein R oo represents, together with the adjacent O atom, a "good leaving group" which does not interfere with the reaction course. The skilled man is aware of the large number of such compounds, examples of which include lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, tolyl, and the like. The reaction solvent is an anhydrous inert organic solvent such as those previously disclosed and includes: (C₃₋₁₀)ethers, chloro(C₁₋₃)alkanes, xylene, toluene, benzene, carboxylic acids such as formic acid and the like, and carboxylic acid anhydrides such as acetic acid anhydride and the like. In some instances, the carboxylic acid anhydride can be properly selected so that it can act as the reactant as well as the reaction solvent. The reaction temperature is between room temperature and the reflux temperature and preferably is the reflux temperature. The reaction time is generally between 2 and 6 hours or more. The recovery of the compound of formula XIV so obtained is achieved through common procedures. The compound of formula XIV is then reacted with a substance capable of helping the cyclization by acting as a catalyst such as, for example, thionyl and phosphoryl halides in an inert organic solvent, such as a petroleum distillate boiling between 100°C and 250°C, xylene, toluene, benzene, cyclohexane, cyclopentane, methylene chloride and the like at a temperature varying from room temperature to the reflux temperature of the mixture. The reaction time is from few minutes to about 25 hours. The reaction product is then recovered through common procedures. Generally, the solvent is distilled off under vacuum . The residue is taken up with water and the pH is adjusted to about 8. After extraction with a suitable organic solvent, such as methylene chloride, and distillation of the solvent under reduced pressure, the desired product of formula I wherein R, R¹, R² and R³ are as above defined, R⁴ represents R⁸, R⁵ is nil, x is an additional bond and y is nil, is obtained. The pyrazolamines of formula III are prepared reacting a pyrazolamine derivative of formula with an equimolecular amount or an excess of a carbonyl compound of formula R²COCH₂R³ wherein R² and R³ are as defined. The reaction solvent is preferably an organic acid solvent, and most preferably is a lower organic acid solvent such as propionic or acetic acid. The temperature of the mixture is kept between room temperature and the reflux temperature. The reaction time obviously depends on the different reagents and the reaction temperature, but generally is between a few hours to some days, frequently between 2 hours and 3 days. As stated above, the compounds of the invention possess interesting analgetic, CNS-depressant, antianxiety, and antiinflammatory activity. These activities are generally shared also by some intermediates. The compounds of the invention, generally have a considerably low toxicity, since most of their LD₅₀ values are higher than 500 mg/kg, when given intraperitoneally and rarely lower than 950 mg/kg when given orally to mice. The analgetic activity of the compounds of the present invention was ascertained by means of two known tests for analgesia: the "writhing test" in mice, described by L.C. Hendershot and J. Forsaith, in J. Pharm. Exp. Therap. 125 , 237, (1959), and the "pain relief test" in rats described by L.O. Randall and J.J. Selitto, in Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 111 , 409, (1957). In the former the disappearance or the reduction of writhing in mice, intraperitoneally administered, with p-phenylquinone - a substance known to produce pain especially in the place of injection - is evaluated; the latter test is used to evaluate the ratio of relief from the pain due to compression of oedema paws in rats orally administered with the test compound. A compound which proved to be highly effective in these tests is that of example 57; a good activity is also shown for instance by the compounds of examples 39 and 55. The above compounds of the invention are from 2 to 10 times as active as acetyl salicylic acid in these tests. The following tables summarize the data obtained assaying the compound of example 57 (co. 57) in comparison with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in the above tests: The LD₅₀ value of co. 57 in orally administered rats is 650 mg/kg, while its LD₅₀ value in orally administered mice is higher than 1000 mg/kg. The antiinflammatory activity was ascertained by means of the "carrageenin-induced oedema test" in rats. Said test is performed essentially following the procedure proposed by C.A. Winter et al. in Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 111 , 544, (1962). It was found that oral dosages of between about 1/25 and 1/5 of the LD₅₀ values of the compounds of examples 4, 5, and 48 cause a significant reduction of the oedema over the controls, from about 30% to about 65% depending also on the actual dose. The CNS-depressant activity was investigated by means of the general psychophysic screening method, as described by S. Irwin in Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 13 , 222-257, (1968). In particular, some representative experiments carried out in mice have shown that amounts from about 5 to about 100 mg/kg i.p. of the compounds of examples 32, 64 and 62 are effective in inhibiting the spontaneous activity and the muscular tone, whereas amounts from about 30 to about 200 mg/kg i.p. significantly impaired the motor coordination and the righting reflex of the laboratory animals. It is generally accepted that the above parameters are directly connected with sedative hypnotic and myorelaxant properties. The anti-anxiety activity of the compounds of the invention was investigated by means of the "pole climbing avoidance test", performed essentially as described by G. Maffii, in Journ. Pharm. Pharmacol., 11 ,129, (1959). A conditioned animal, generally rat, is deconditioned, i.e. is brought to its normal psychic behaviour, by administration of a suitable amount of the compound to be tested. According to the authors, an inhibition of the secondary conditioned response (CR₂) without a contemporary or coupled with a not significant inhibition of the primary conditioned response (CR) and the unconditioned response (UR) is a clear indication of an antianxiety effect since these last two parameters are connected with sedative and hypnotic properties. Representative experiments carried out on groups of ten rats have shown that dosages varying from about 3 to about 60 mg/kg of body weight administered i.p. of the compounds of examples 1, 8, 18, 27, 28, 40, 44 and 45 are effective in inhibiting the CR₂-parameter and, contemparaneously, have no practical influence on the CR and the UR. The compounds of the invention may be administered by different routes. While the preferred routes of administration are oral and rectal, parenteral administration can also be employed. For oral administration, the compounds are compounded into pharmaceutical dosage forms, such as, for instance, tablets, capsules, elixirs, solutions and the like. The dosage unit may contain the usual excipients, e.g. starch, gums, fatty acids, alcohols, sugars, etc. For rectal administration the compounds are administered in the form of suppositories, admixed with conventional vehicles, such as, for example, cocoa butter, wax, spermaceti or polyoxyethyleneglycols and their derivatives. The dosage range is from about 0.05 to about 2.0 g per day, preferably administered in divided doses. Accordingly, the present invention provides a therapeutic composition comprising a compound of the invention as the active ingredient together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The following examples illustrate the manner in which the invention can be practiced, but, as such, should not be construed as limiting its overall scope. Example 1 4-(1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1-methyl-4-pyridinyl)-1,3-dimethyl 5-(1H)-pyrazolamine. 1-Methyl-4-pyridinone (1.1 mole) is added to 1,3-dimethyl-5-pyrazolamine (1 mole). The reaction mixture is kept at a temperature between 70°C and 80°C for a period of about 8 hours. After distillation under vacuum the residue is poured into water and neutralized with NaOH 10%. The compound of the title is recovered by filtration. M.p. 262-265°C. Essentially following the above procedure, employing the carbonyl compound, molar rate, temperature and time as indicated in the following table I, the compounds of formula III wherein R and R¹ are methyl groups and R² and R³ are as shown below, are obtained. Example 13 3-Phenyl-1-methyl-4-cyclohexyl-5-pyrazolamine. It is obtained by following essentially the procedure of example 1, reacting 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolamine with cyclohexanone (1:2, molar ratio) at a temperature of about 45°C for about 8 hours. M.p. 212-214°C. Example 14 1,3-Diphenyl-4-cyclohexenyl-5-pyrazolamine. It is obtained by essentially following the procedure of example 1, reacting 1,3-diphenyl-5-pyrazolamine (1 mole) with cyclohexanone (1.1 mole) at a temperature of about 80°C for about 4 hours. M.p. 115-117°c. Example 15 N-[4-(1-cyclopenten-1-yl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5--y l ]-N'-phenylurea. Phenylisocyanate (0.176 mol) is added to 4-(1-cyclopenten-1-yl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (0.16 mol) in benzene (800 ml). The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature and then at a temperature between 50 and 70°C. After distillation under vacuum , the product of the title is recovered by usual procedures. M.p. 204°C. By following essentially the same procedure the compounds of examples 16 and 17 are obtained. Example 16 N-[4-(1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-N'-phenylurea, m.p. 203°C, obtained starting from 4-(1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazolamine and phenyl isocyanate. Example 17 N-phenyl-N'-[4-(1-phenyl-1-propenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]urea, m.p. 173-195°C, obtained starting from 4-(1-phenyl-1-propenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine and phenylisocyanate. Example 18 6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-1,3-dimethyl-3H-pyrazolo[3,4-c] isoquinoline-5(4H)-one. N-[4-(1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-N'-phenylurea (8.3 g) is fused at about 280°C, for 10 minutes. During the fusion, aniline distilles off. The fused mass is cooled, triturated with methanol and heated to the reflux temperature. Upon cooling and filtering a solid is obtained which is washed with ethyl ether. Upon analysis it is proven to be the compound of the title. M.p. >300°C. Essentially following the above procedure, the compounds of the examples 19 and 20 are obtained, by starting from the corresponding ureas, and carrying out the fusion respectively at about 200°C and about 230°C for 5 minutes. Example 19 3,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-1,3-dimethylcyclopenta[d] pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-one. M.p. >300°C. Example 20 6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-1,3-dimethyl-3H-pyrazolo[3,4-e] naphthyridin-5-(1H)-one, hydrochloride. M.p. 228-229°C. Example 21 3,6,7,8,9,10-Hexahydro-1,3-dimethylcyclohepta[d] pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-(4H)-one. A mixture of the compound of example 6 (18.3 g), 4-picoline (100 ml) and ethylisocyanate (18 g) is heated to the reflux temperature for about 7 hours. After cooling to room temperature the solvent is distilled off under reduced pressure and the residue is taken up with ethyl ether and filtered. The recovered solid is boiled in methanol for 5 minutes. Upon filtering, the solid product of the title is recovered. An additional crop of the product may be obtained from the mother liquors. M.p. 269-270°C. Example 22 6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-3H-pyrazolo[3,4-c][2,7]naphthyridin-5-(4H)-one. A mixture of the Compound of example 7 (1 g; 0.0043 mol), 4-picoline (10 ml) and ethylisocyanate (1.22 g; 0.0172 mol) is heated to reflux temperature for about 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the solvent is distilled off under reduced pressure and the residue is taken up with ethyl acetate, then with ethyl ether and filtered giving the solid product of the title. M.p. >300°C. Another crop of this product can be obtained from the mother liquors. Example 23 5-Methoxy-3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,3-dimethylcyclopenta[d]pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine A mixture of 4-(1-2,5,6-tetrahydro-1-methyl-4-pyridinyl)-1,3-dimethyl-5-(1H)-pyrazolamine (2.06 g; 0.01 mol), 3,4-lutidine (20 ml), ethyl isocyanate (3.16 ml; 0.04 mol), under anhydrous conditions, is heated to the reflux temperature for about 3 hours. The mixture is then cooled to room temperature, concentrated under reduced pressure, washed with ethyl acetate and then with ethyl ether, thus obtaining the product of the title. M.p. 294-297°C. Example 24 3,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-1,3,4-trimethylcyclopenta[d] pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-(4H)-one (N-isomer) and 5-methoxy-3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,3-dimethyl-cyclopenta-[d]pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (O-isomer) 1.45 g of a 50% (by weight) suspension of sodium hydride in mineral oil (0.030 mole of sodium hydride) is added to a suspension of 3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,3-dimethyl-cyclopenta[d]pyrazolo[3,4-b] pyridin-5-(4H)-one (0,030 mol) in 64 ml DMF. The resulting mixture is kept at 60°C for about 2 hours and, after cooling to room temperature, 2.37 ml (0.038 mole) of methyl iodide are added thereto. The mixture is then heated for 1 hour at about 60°C. After evaporating the solvent the residue is taken up with water and the obtained solid is collected by filtration, washed with water, taken up with DMF and applied to a silica gel chromatography column eluting with a mixture chloroform:methanol, 99:1. After recovery 45% of the O-isomer, m.p. 308-310°C, and 25% of the N-isomer, m.p. 190-191°C, are obtained. Essentially following the procedure of the above example and employing the reagents, solvents and conditions indicated in table II below, compounds of the following formula are obtained starting from the suitable derivatives of formula VII wherein R⁹ is hydrogen. The compounds which follow (examples 33 to 35) are obtained from examples 29 and 30, O-isomer and N-isomer, respectively, according to the following procedure: 0.03 mole of the starting compound are heated to the boiling temperature in 10% hydrochloric acid (100 ml) for about 2 hours. Then the solvent is evaporated off, the residue is oven-dried under vacuum and crystallized from methanol. Example 33 2-[(6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-1,3-dimethyl-3H-pyrazolo-[3,4-c][2,7]naphthyridin-5-yl]-oxy-ethanol, hydrochloride. M.p. 252-255°C. Example 34 6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-1,3-dimethyl-5-methoxy-3H-pyrazolo[3,4-c][2,7]naphthyridin, hydrochloride. M.p. 276-277°C. Example 35 6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-1,3,4-trimethyl-3H-pyrazolo-[3,4-c][2,7]naphthyridin-5-(4H)-one, hydrochloride. M.p. 290-293°C. Example 36 7-Acetyl-4-(2-chloroethyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1,3-dimethyl-3H-pyrazolo[3,4-c][2,7] naphthyridin-5-(4H)-one. 7-Acetyl-5-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1,3-dimethyl-3H-pyrazolo[3,4-c][2,7] naphthyridin-5-(4H)-one (0.0328 mole) is dissolved in chloroform (200 ml) and 5.95 g (0.05 mole) of thionyl chloride in methylene chloride (30 ml) are added thereto; the resulting mixture is heated to the reflux temperature for about 3 hours. After cooling, 400 ml of aqueous saturated sodium carbonate is added to the reaction mixture, the organic phase is separated and the organic solvent is evaporated under reduced pressure. The obtained solid is crystallized from ethyl alcohol, yielding the product of the title. M.p. 195-198°C. Example 37 5-(3-Chloropropoxy)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1,3-dimethyl-3H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]isoquinoline Obtained substantially by following the above procedure, but starting from the compound of example 32. M.p. 84-85°C. Example 38 7-Acetyl-4-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1,3-dimethyl-3H-pyrazolo[3,4-c][2,7] naphthiridin-5-(4H)-one, hydrochloride 0.031 Mole of the compound of example 36; 12.79 ml (0.0124 mole) of diethylamine, and 300 ml of ethanol are heated at about 80°C for about 3 hours. After evaporating the solvent under vacuum the reaction mass is taken up with chloroform, and the organic layer is first washed with saturated aqueous sodium carbonate and then with water (twice). After drying over sodium sulfate, the chloroform is distilled off and the obtained concentrate is applied to a silica gel column prepared and eluted with chloroform/methanol, 97:3. The product of the title is obtained by evaporating the solvent from the pooled fractions containing it. M.p. 153-154°C. By essentially following the above procedure, employing the reagents, solvents and conditions indicated in Table III, the following compound of formula wherein R⁹ and Z have the meaning set forth in the table, are obtained starting from the corresponding compounds wherein R⁹ is the suitable halo(C₂₋₃)alkyl. The compounds of the following examples (table IV) are obtained by reacting 10 g of the corresponding N-acetyl derivative of formula XII (the compounds of examples 47, 38 and 48, respectively) in ethylether with saturated hydrochloric acid at room temperature for about 1 hour. The organic phase is then concentrated under vacuum and dried. The dihydrochlorides of examples 49 and 50 crystallize from ethanol or methanol. The compound of 51 (free base) crystallizes from ethyl acetate. Example 52 N-[1,3-dimethyl-4-(4-methyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]formamide To a suspension of 1,3-dimethyl-4-(4-methyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-(1H)-pyrazolamine (24.5 g; 0.119 mole) in 99% formic acid (245 ml), acetic acid anhydride (64.14 g, 0.628 mole) is added at a temperature of about 20°C. Then the mixture is heated to 80-90°C and kept at this temperature for about 2 hours. After distillation of the solvent under vacuum , the residue is taken up with water and the pH is adjusted to about 8 with aqueous sodium carbonate. The solution is extracted with methylene chloride and the organic layer is washed with water and then dried over sodium sulfate. After distillation of the solvent, the crude product of the title is recovered and crystallized from the mixture t.butylmethyl-ether and hexane. M.p. 97-99°C. Example 53 6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-3H-pyrazolo-[3,4-c]isoquinoline Phosphorusoxychloride, POCl₃ (61.33 g) is added to the compound of the above example 52 (N-[1,3-dimethyl-4-(4-methyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1H-pyrazolo-5-yl] formamide) (27.8 g) in xylene (250 ml). The mixture is refluxed for 4 hours and then distilled under vacuum . The residue is taken up with water and the pH is adjusted to about 8 with aqueous sodium carbonate. Upon filtering, 17 g of the crude product of the title are obtained. M.p. 92-101°C, after crystallization from petroleum ether. Example 54 6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-1,3,8-trimethyl-3H-pyrazolo-[3,4-c]isoquinoline a) Acetic acid anhydride (64.14 g; 0.628 mol) is added to 1,3-dimethyl-4-(5-methyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pyrazolamine (24.5 g; 0.119 mol) in 99% formic acid (245 ml) under stirring at about 20°C. The mixture is slowly heated to 80-90°C and then kept at this temperature for about 2 hours. The solvent and the reagent excess are then distilled off under reduced pressure, while the residue is taken up with water and ajusted to about pH 8 with aqueous sodium carbonate. The resulting solution is extracted with methylene chloride and the organic layer is washed with water and dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent is evaporated under vacuum thus recovering the N-[1,3-dimethyl-4-(5-methyl-1H-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]formamide derivative. b) the crude derivative obtained above is dissolved in xylene (250 ml) and POCl₃ (61.33 g) is added thereto. The mixture is refluxed for 4 hours and then the solvent is distilled under reduced pressure. The residue is poured into water and the pH is adjusted to about 8 with aqueous sodium bicarbonate. A precipitate forms, the product of the title, which is recovered by filtration and crystallized from hexane. M.p. 121-123°C. Essentially following the procedure of the above example, the compounds of formula I listed in table V below are obtained.

Claims: A pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines of the formula and their physiologically acceptable acid addition salts, wherein R and R¹ independently represent (C₁₋₆)alkyl, (C₃₋₇)cycloalkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, wherein one, two or three hydrogen atoms are replaced by substituents independently selected from , chloro, bromo, fluoro, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, trifluoromethyl, (C₁₋₄)alkyl, (C₂₋₄)alkenyl, (C₂₋₄)alkynyl, (C₃₋₇)cycloalkyl, (C₁₋₄)Alkoxy, (C₁₋₄)alkylthio, (C₁₋₄)alkoxycarbonyl, carbo(C₁₋₄)alkyl, carbo(C₃₋₇)cycloalkyl, sulfynyl, (C₁₋₄)alkylsulfynyl; pheny(C₁₋₄)alkyl, substituted phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl wherein the substituents are defined as above R² represents hydrogen, (C₁₋₄)alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, wherein the substituents are defined as above, phenyl (C₁₋₄)alkyl, substituted phenyl (C₁₋₄)alkyl wherein the substituents are defined as above R³ represents (C₁₋₄)alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, phenyl (C₁₋₄)alkyl, substituent phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl, wherein the substituents are defined as above or R² and R³ taken together represent a -(CH₂) n group wherein n is an integer selected from 3, 4, 5 and 6 and a -CH₂- group may be substituted with a wherein R⁷ represents (C₁₋₄)alkyl or (C₂₋₆)alkanoyl; R⁴ represents R⁸, -OR⁹ or an oxygen atom; R⁸ represents hydrogen, (C₁₋₄)alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, phenyl (C₁₋₄)alkyl, substituted phenyl (C₁₋₄)alkyl, wherein the substituents are defined as above R⁹ represents hydrogen, (C₁₋₄)alkyl, (C₂₋₆)alkanoyl-(C₁₋₄)alkyl, hydroxy(C₂₋₄)alkyl, halo-(C₂₋₄)alkyl, amino (C₂₋₄)alkyl, mono- or di-(C₁₋₄)alkylamino (C₂₋₄)alkyl, or disubstituted amino (C₂₋₄)alkyl, wherein the nitrogen atom is part of a 4, 5, 6 or 7 membered saturated heterocyclic ring selected from azetidinyl, pyrrolidyl, piperidinyl, 4-aminopiperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, 4-methylpiperazinyl, 4-phenylpiperazinyl, 2,6-dimethylpiperazinyl, 3,3-dimethylpiperazinyl, 2,6-dimethylmorpholinyl, which may optionally be substituted with a substituent selected from (C₁₋₄)alkyl, (C₅₋₇)cycloalkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl and substituted phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl; wherein the substituents of the phenyl group are defined as above R⁵ represents R⁹ as above defined when R⁴ is oxygen, y is an additional bond and x is nil, or R⁵ represents nil when x is an additional bond, y is nil and R⁴ represents R⁸ or OR⁹, with the proviso that when R, R¹ and R² are defined as above, R⁴ is oxygen, y is an additional bond, both x and R⁹ are nil, R³ must be different from (C₁-C₄)alkyl, with the further proviso that when R, R¹, and R³ are defined as above, R⁴ is R⁸, y is nil, and x is an additional bond, R² must be different from methyl, and the further proviso that when R¹ is methyl, then simultaneously R⁴ must be different from C₁-C₄ alkyl, phenyl, phenyl C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxyphenyl and halophenyl, R must be different from C₁-C₄ alkyl and R² and R³ must be different from C₁-C₄ alkyl, phenyl, phenyl C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxyphenyl and halophenyl. A compound as in claim 1 wherein R is (C₁₋₆)alkyl or (C₃₋₇) cycloalkyl, R¹ represents (C₁₋₄)alkyl, R² represents (C₂-C₄)alkyl or phenyl and R³ represents (C₁₋₄) alkyl or phenyl, or R² and R³ taken together represent -(CH₂) - / n group wherein n is an integer selected from 3, 4, and wherein one of the -(CH₂)- groups is substituted with a wherein R⁷ is (C₁₋₄)alkyl, or (C₂₋₄)alkanoyl group, R⁴ represents R⁸ as above defined, R⁵ is nil, x is an additional bond and y is nil, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof. A compound which is 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1,3-dimethyl 3H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]isoquinoline or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof. A process for preparing a compound of claim 1, which comprises reacting a pyrazolamine derivative of formula wherein R and R¹ are as defined in claim 1, with an equimolar amount or an excess of a carbonyl compound of formula R²-CO-CH₂-R³ wherein R² and R³ have the above defined meanings, in an organic acid solvent at a temperature between room temperature and the reflux temperature, to obtain a derivative of the following formula III a) when the compounds of the invention wherein R, R¹, R² and R³ are as above, R⁴ represents OR⁹ wherein R⁹ is hydrogen, R⁵ represents nil, x is an additional bond, and y is nil, or the compounds wherein R, R¹, R² and R³ are as above, R⁴ is an oxygen atom, R⁵ represents R⁹ which is a hydrogen atom, x is nil and y is an additional bond, are desired, a compound of the above formula III is reacted with an equimolar amount or an excess of a isocyanate compound of formula R o -N-CO, wherein R o is a good leaving group in a suitable solvent and preferably in presence of a basic agent, at a temperature between about -5°C and 50°C; after recovery of the obtained intermediate by common procedures or directly without purification, a suitable organic solvent is then added and the mixture is heated at a temperature between 50°C and the reflux temperature; the pure N- or O-isomer is obtained from the mixture by common separation techniques; b) when compounds of claim 1 wherein R, R¹, R² and R³ are as above defined, R⁴ represents OR⁹ wherein R⁹ is different from hydrogen, R⁵ represents nil, x is an additional bond, and y is nil, or the compounds wherein R, R¹, R² and R³ are as above, R⁴ is an oxygen atom, R⁵ represents R⁹ which is an hydrogen atom, x is nil and y is an additional bond, are desired, they can be obtained by reacting the corresponding compounds wherein R⁹ is hydrogen [the compounds of point a)] with a slight molar excess of a halide of the formula R⁹-halo VIII wherein R⁹ is as above, and halo represents a halogen atom selected from chlorine, bromine and iodine, in the presence of a strong alkali agent, at a temperature between 50° and 70°C, for about 1-2 hours, and separating, if necessary, the mixture of N- and O-isomers by means of column chromatography or fractioned crystallization; c) when a compound of formula I is obtained wherein R⁹ is halo(C₂₋₄)alkyl, it can be transformed into a compound of formula I wherein R⁹ is amino(c₂₋₄)alkyl, mono- or di-(C₁₋₄)alkyl-amino (C₂₋₄)alkyl, or disubstituted amino (C₂₋₄)-alkyl, wherein the nitrogen atom is part of a 4, 5, 6 or 7 membered saturated heterocyclic ring which may contain a further heteroatom selected from N, S, and O and may optionally be substituted with a substituent selected from (C₁₋₄)alkyl, (C₅₋₇)cycloalkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl and substituted phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl, by reacting it with an equimolar amount or a slight molar excess of the proper amine derivative; d) when a compound of formula I is obtained wherein R⁹ is hydroxy(C₂₋₄)alkyl, it may be transformed into the corresponding compounds of formula I wherein R⁹ is halo(C₂₋₄)alkyl, by reacting it with a halogenating agent; e) when a compound of formula I is obtained wherein R⁵ and y are nil, x is an additional bond, R⁴ is OR⁹, and R⁹ is 2-hydroxyethyl or 2-hydroxypropyl, it can be transformed into the corresponding compound of formula I wherein x is nil, y is an additional bond, R⁵ is R⁹ and R⁴ is oxygen, by reacting it with a halogenating agent selected from thionyl or phosphoryl halides and phosphorous pentachloride; for about 1-4 hours at a temperature between room temperature and about 70°C; f) when a compound of formula I is desired wherein R⁴ represents R⁸, R⁵ and y are nil and x is an additional bond, it can be obtained by reacting a pyrazolamine derivative of formula III with an equimolar amount or a slight molar excess of a compound of formula R⁸-CO-W wherein R⁸ is as above, and W represents a halogen atom selected from chlorine, bromine and iodine, a-R oo group or a O-CO-R⁸ group, wherein R oo represents, together with the adjacent oxygen atom, a good leaving group which does not interfere with the reaction course, in an anhydrous inert organic solvent, at a temperature between room temperature and the reflux temperature, thus obtaining an intermediate compound which is thermally cyclized in the presence of a cyclization catalyst. A process as in claim 4 wherein the suitable solvent of step a) is selected from high boiling inert organic solvents such as glycols containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and the corresponding mono(C₁₋₃)alkyl ethers or acyl derivatives, benzene, toluene, 5-9 atom membered cycloalkanes, and the basic agents are tertiary aliphatic or aromatic amines. A process as in claim 4 wherein the R oo group of step f) is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl and tolyl. A process as in claim 4 wherein the anhydrous inert organic solvent of step f) is acetic acid anhydride. A process as in claim 4 wherein the cyclization catalyst of step f) is selected from thionyl and phosphoryl halides. A pharmaceutical composition comprising at least a compound of claim 1. A compound of claim 1 for use as a medicine. Claims for the following Contracting State: AT A process for preparing a pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines of the formula and their physiologically acceptable acid addition salts, wherein R and R¹ independently represent (C₁₋₆)alkyl, (C₃₋₇)cycloalkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, wherein one, two or three hydrogen atoms are replaced by substituents independently selected from , chloro, bromo, fluoro, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, trifluoromethyl, (C₁₋₄)alkyl, (C₂₋₄)alkenyl, (C₂₋₄)alkynyl, (C₃₋₇)cycloalkyl, (C₁₋₄)alkoxy, (C₁₋₄)alkylthio, (c₁₋₄)alkoxycarbonyl, carbo(C₁₋₄)alkyl, carbo(C₃₋₇)cycloalkyl, sulfynyl, (C₁₋₄)alkylsulfynyl; pheny(C₁₋₄)alkyl, substituted phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl wherein the substituents are defined as above R² represents hydrogen, (C₁₋₄)alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, wherein the substituents are defined as above, phenyl (C₁₋₄)alkyl, substituted phenyl (C₁₋₄)alkyl wherein the substituents are defined as above R³ represents (C₁₋₄)alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, phenyl (C₁₋₄)alkyl, substituent phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl, wherein the substituents are defined as above or R² and R³ taken together represent a -(CH₂) n group wherein n is an integer selected from 3, 4, 5 and 6 and a -CH₂- group may be substituted with a wherein R⁷ represents (C₁₋₄)alkyl or (C₂₋₆)alkanoyl; R⁴ represents R⁸, -OR⁹ or an oxygen atom; R⁸ represents hydrogen, (C₁₋₄)alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, phenyl (C₁₋₄)alkyl, substituted phenyl (C₁₋₄)alkyl, wherein the substituents are defined as above R⁹ represents hydrogen, (C₁₋₄)alkyl, (C₂₋₆)alkanoyl-(C₁₋₄)alkyl, hydroxy(C₂₋₄)alkyl, halo-(C₂₋₄)alkyl, amino (C₂₋₄)alkyl, mono- or di-(C₁₋₄)alkylamino (C₂₋₄)alkyl, or disubstituted amino (C₂₋₄)alkyl, wherein the nitrogen atom is part of a 4, 5, 6 or 7 membered saturated heterocyclic ring selected from azetidinyl, pyrrolidyl, piperidinyl, 4-aminopiperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, 4-methylpiperazinyl, 4-phenylpiperazinyl, 2,6-dimethylpiperazinyl, 3,3-dimethylpiperazinyl, 2,6-dimethylmorpholynyl, which may optionally be substituted with a substituent selected from (C₁₋₄)alkyl, (C₅₋₇)cycloalkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl and substituted phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl; wherein the substituents of the phenyl group are defined as above R⁵ represents R⁹ as above defined when R⁴ is oxygen, y is an additional bond and x is nil, or R⁵ represents nil when x is an additional bond, y is nil and R⁴ represents R⁸ or OR⁹, with the proviso that when R R¹ and R² are defined as above, R⁴ is oxygen, y is an additional bond, both x and R⁹ are nil, R³ must be different from (C₁-C₄)alkyl, with the further proviso that when R, R¹, and R³ are defined as above, R⁴ is R⁸, y is nil, and x is an additional bond, R² must be different from methyl, and the further proviso that when R¹ is methyl, then simultaneously R⁴ must be different from C₁-C₄ alkyl, phenyl, phenyl C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxyphenyl and halophenyl, R must be different from C₁-C₄ alkyl and R² and R³ must be different from C₁-C₄ alkyl, phenyl, phenyl C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkoxyphenyl and halophenyl; which comprises reacting a pyrazolamine derivative of formula wherein R, and R¹ are as defined in claim 1, with an equimolar amount or an excess of a carbonyl compound of formula R²-CO-CH₂-R³ wherein R² and R³ have the above defined meanings, in an organic acid solvent at a temperature between room temperature and the reflux temperature, to obtain a derivative of the following formula III a) when the compounds of the invention wherein R, R¹, R² and R³ are as above, R⁴ represents OR⁹ wherein R⁹ is hydrogen, R⁵ represents nil, x is an additional bond, and y is nil, or the compounds wherein R, R¹, R² and R³ are as above, R⁴ is an oxygen atom, R⁵ represents R⁹ which is a hydrogen atom, x is nil and y is an additional bond, are desired, a compound of the above formula III is reacted with an equimolar amount or an excess of a isocyanate compound of formula R o -N-CO, wherein R o is a good leaving group in a suitable solvent and preferably in presence of a basic agent, at a temperature between about -5°C and 50°C; after recovery of the obtained intermediate by common procedures or directly without purification, a suitable organic solvent is then added and the mixture is heated at a temperature between 50°C and the reflux temperature; the pure N- or O-isomer is obtained from the mixture by common separation techniques; b) when compounds of claim 1 wherein R, R¹, R² and R³ are as above defined, R⁴ represents OR⁹ wherein R⁹ is different from hydrogen, R⁵ represents nil, x is an additional bond, and y is nil, or the compounds wherein R, R¹, R² and R³ are as above, R⁴ is an oxygen atom, R⁵ represents R⁹ which is an hydrogen atom, x is nil and y is an additional bond, are desired, they can be obtained by reacting the corresponding compounds wherein R⁹ is hydrogen [the compounds of point a)] with a slight molar excess of a halide of the formula R⁹-halo VIII wherein R⁹ is as above, and halo represents a halogen atom selected from chlorine, bromine and iodine, in the presence of a strong alkali agent, at a temperature between 50° and 70°C, for about 1-2 hours, and separating, if necessary, the mixture of N- and O-isomers by means of column chromatography or fractioned crystallization; c) when a compound of formula I is obtained wherein R⁹ is halo(C₂₋₄)alkyl, it can be transformed into a compound of formula I wherein R⁹ is amino(C₂₋₄)alkyl, mono- or di-(C₁₋₄)alkyl-amino(C₂₋₄)alkyl, or disubstituted amino(C₂₋₄)alkyl, wherein the nitrogen atom is part of a 4, 5, 6 or 7 membered saturated heterocyclic ring which may contain a further heteroatom selected from N, S, and O and may optionally be substituted with a substituent selected from (C₁₋₄)alkyl, (C₅₋₇)cycloalkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl and substituted phenyl(C₁₋₄)alkyl, by reacting it with an equimolar amount or a slight molar excess of the proper amine derivative; d) when a compound of formula I is obtained wherein R⁹ is hydroxy(C₂₋₄)alkyl, it may be transformed into the corresponding compounds of formula I wherein R⁹ is halo(C₂₋₄)alkyl, by reacting it with a halogenating agent; e) when a compound of formula I is obtained wherein R⁵ and y are nil, x is an additional bond, R⁴ is OR⁹, and R⁹ is 2-hydroxyethyl or 2-hydroxypropyl, it can be transformed into the corresponding compound of formula I wherein x is nil, y is an additional bond, R⁵ is R⁹ and R⁴ is oxygen, by reacting it with a halogenating agent selected from thionyl or phosphoryl halides and phosphorous pentachloride; for about 1-4 hours at a temperature between room temperature and about 70°C; f) when a compound of formula I is desired wherein R⁴ represents R⁸, R⁵ and y are nil and x is an additional bond, it can be obtained by reacting a pyrazolamine derivative of formula III with an equimolar amount or a slight molar excess of a compound of formula R⁸-CO-W wherein R⁸ is as above, and W represents a halogen atom selected from chlorine, bromine and iodine, a-R oo group or a O-CO-R⁸ group, wherein R oo represents, together with the adjacent oxygen atom, a good leaving group which does not interfere with the reaction course, in an anhydrous inert organic solvent, at a temperature between room temperature and the reflux temperature, thus obtaining an intermediate compound which is thermally cyclized in the presence of a cyclization catalyst. A process as in claim 1 wherein the suitable solvent of step a) is selected from high boiling inert organic solvents such as glycols containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and the corresponding mono(C₁₋₃)alkyl ethers or acyl derivatives, benzene, toluene, 5-9 atom membered cycloalkanes, and the basic agents are tertiary aliphatic or aromatic amines. A process as in claim 1 wherein the R oo group of step f) is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl and tolyl. A process as in claim 1 wherein the anhydrous inert organic solvent of step f) is acetic acid anhydride. A process as in claim 1 wherein the cyclization catalyst of step f) is selected from thionyl and phosphoryl halides. A process as in claim 1 for preparing a compound of formula I wherein R is (C₁₋₆)alkyl or (C₃₋₇)cycloalkyl, R¹ represents (C₁₋₄)alkyl, R² represents (C₂-C₄)alkyl or or phenyl and R³ represents (C₁₋₄)alkyl or phenyl, or R² and R³ taken together represent -(CH₂) - / n group wherein n is an integer selected from 3, 4, and wherein one of the -(CH₂)- groups is substituted with a wherein R⁷ is (C₁₋₄)alkyl, or (C₂₋₄)alkanoyl group, R⁴ represents R⁸ as above defined, R⁵ is nil, x is an additional bond and y is nil, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof. A process as in claim 1 for preparing a compound of formula I which is 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1,3-dimethyl-3H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]isoquinoline or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof.

Inventors: WINTERS, GIORGIO
Applicants: GRUPPO LEPETIT S.P.A.
Application year: 1983
Main classification: C07D471
IPC codes: A61P25, C07D231, C07D401, A61K31, C07D471, A61P29