ADDITIVE COMPOUND DESIGNED TO REDUCE THE HARMFUL EFFECTS PRODUCED BY POLYURETHANE PAINTS AND VARNISHES AND THE FINISHES OBTAINED THEREWITH

Abstract: The additive compound, designed to reduce harmful effects in polurythane paints and varnishes, is made up of a number of substances possesing hydrogen atoms which react with isocyanic groups in the free volatile monomers contained in such paints/varnishes - these being sup­ plemented with fixing agents to the end of subduing and/or enhancing odours given off thereby; the additive being mixed with one or both of the paint/varnish "packs" or parts prior to their being united - or even with the paint/varnish thus united and ready for application - at a rate of 0.1 to 10 times the quantity by weight of free monomer contained in the said paint or varnish.

Description: Additive compound designed to reduce the harmful effects produced by polyurethane paints and varnishes and finishes obtained therewith The invention relates to an addit-ive compound which reduces the harmful effects produced by polyurethane paints and varnishes and their application -that is, a chemical compound added to said varnishes -which may be applied to wood, metal, plastics etc- to the end of bringing about a drastic reduction in changes wrought in the cellular metabolism of mucous membrane located in the conjunctiva and the respiratory organs; the scope of the patent likewise embracing such polyurethane paints and varnishes as contain the said addi tire, The prior art in this field makes no provision for paint/ varnish additives designed to reduce possible harmful sideeffects -however varied- produced by such products on the human organism by dint of the presence of free volatile monomers therein -viz: toluylene-diisocyanate, or T1D: lar hexamethylene-di isocyanate, or H.D.I., diphenylilethane-di- isocyanate, or M1D.11, and isophorone-diisocyanate, or I.P.D.I., and other suchlike isocyanate monomers1 The prior art thus stands in need of considerable impnve- ment, especially with regard to bringing about a condition wherein the possibility of the human organism's being exposed to components given off by paints/varnishes containing free monomeric substances may be drastically reduced1 One may discern from the foregoing preamble that a necessity exists for solving the technical problem posed by the search for an additive which, adopted in polyurethan paints/ varnishes already made up of 35 to 60% film-forming substances and 25 to 60% solvent plus other auxiliary components, will bring about a reduced concentration of monomers in such paint/varnish -hence in the surroundings, when the latter is exposed 1 The invention solves the problem thus stated in that it sets forth an additive compound for said polyurethane paints/varnishes whose composition is characterised by a mixture of substances containing active hydrogen atoms, and as such i deally suited to react with isocyanic groups contained in free monomers, -the result being a decrease in the actual monomer's volatility1 Indeed by eating with isocyanic groups in this way, the additive transforms the monomer into a different substance entirely, and one with a higher molecular weight -this most important of all, Advantages both envisaged and furnished by the invention are: significantly reduced concentration of the free isocyanic monomer; in consequence, a diminished capacity br evaporation from the paint/varnish of the part of the monomer; and a markedly less intense smell given off during preparation, use, and drying outa Furthermore, the use of the additive compound for polyurethan paints/varnishes described herein implies, in practical terms, not only those advantages provided by the reduction of chemically harmful effects, but also those obtained by avoiding the olfactory encumbrances associated with what might be termed the "wet paint" odour, which often gives rise to unpleasant and sometimes embarassing bodily conditions directly traceable to difficulties in, or damage to, the resptratory system: : The additive compound to which the invention relates is composed of terpenic alcohol-and/or terpenic phenoltype substances such as terpineol, linalol, eugenol, iso-eugenol, be nzyl iso-eugenol, geraniol, rhodinol, borneol, tetra- hydrol inalol, citronellol, nerol, carvol, and farnesol, safrole, thymol, anethole, plus fixing agents such as vanillin, cumarin and heliotropin, which are pleasing to the olfactory sehses, The actual number of individual components included in the additive compound, and their proportionate relationship, may vary commensurately with the differing varieties of polyurethaiepaint/variiish with which said ad ditive is mixed 3 The amount by weight of the additive intro- duced may be varied at will from 01; to 10 times theqian- tity by weight of free volatile monomer present in the paint/varnish The manufacturing process, as it were, by which to chain the additive compound described herein, involves settling down all liquid and solid components for a period of some 4 or 5 weeks at ambient temperature.Solids may be dissolved at 25-400C before being added to the liquids, the ultimate blend then being left still for up to 10 weeks at between 10 and 300C -the time lapse reducing with an increase in said temperature value1 During productionthe additive compound may be mixed with the polyurethane paint/varnish either by addition to part-A, which is a solution of alkyd or shortfiong oil resin, or to part B, which is a polyisocyanate solution -this at all events being done prior to mixture of the two parts in readiness for application, according to the usual manufacturerts directions furnished for polyurethane pa i nts and varnishes of the kind. Notwithstanding the additive compound described herein brings about a marked reduction in the harmful effetcts of polyuretane paint/varnish as applied to metal and plastics alike, the one particular compound set forth by way of example is one made up specifically for a polyurethane timber varnish OPAQUE POLYURETHANE WOOD VARNISH PART A Alkyd resin 50 parts by wight Surface additive 1 part Opacifier, or flattener 2 part " Solvent mix no 1 37 parts " Solvent mix no 2 10 parts PART B Polyfunctional aromatic isocyanates 45 parts by weight Solvent mix no 1 55 parts by weight Solvent mix no 1 in either of the two parts A and B consists of óOp ethyl acetate and 40% butyl acetate, whilst solvent mix 2 contains toluol and xylol in equal proportion0 The mix-proportion between pat A and part B is 100 with 50, respectively, with the following compound -to which the invention relates- being added to part A only at a rate of 0161% by weight: : ADDITIVE COMPOUND Alfa-terpi neo 1 13 - 18 parts by weight Lina lo I 10 - 12 parts by weight Eugenol 30 - 35 parts by weight tsoeugenol 22 - 25 parts by weight Benzyl isoeugenol 2 parts by weight Geraniol 2 - 5 parts by weight Rhodinol 8 parts by weight Borneol 3 parts by weight Vanillin 2 - 4 parts by weight Hel iotropin 2 - 3 parts by weight Cumar in 1 - 3 parts by weight When subjected to flow-test through a Ford 4, the mix presents no significant variation in viscosity - increase over a given time-lapse, a lead of some 2 6 seconds being observed after 180 minutes, with respect to the same product without additive= During subsequent application -with the additive- it comes about unfailingly that the toluylenediisocyanate, or T.D.I.'s continuity of state as a free volatile monomer decreases from an initial 0&num;25% by weight down to 0.10% -this at 1 hour and 30 minutes from the time of mixing together parts A and B In order to clarify the description still further, the following tables carry results obtained from examples numbered 1 to 8, these relating to a variety of polyurethane paints/varnishes -vizi opaque, gloss, primer and sealer1 In the column with number carrying the exponent +, those figures published relate to the same product alongside plus additive, from which it will be seen that the level of T.D.I. is considerably reduced TYPE Opaque 1 Opaque 2 Example no. 1 1+ 2 2+ part A - C.O. Alkyd Resin (60% Xylene) 50 50 60 60 Satured Polyester Resin 100% - - - - Toluene 10 10 11 11 Ethyl Acetate 22 22 13 13 Butyl Acetate 16 16 11 11 Ethylglycol Acetate - - 3 3 Amorphous Silica 2 2 2 2 Zinc Stearate Reactive Matter - 0.5 - 0.5 Part B - Polyisocyanate (75% in Ethyl Acetate) 15 15 15 15 Polyisocyanurate (50% in Isobutyl Acetate) 10 10 15 15 Butyl Acetate 20 20 15 15 Ethylglycol Acetate 5 5 5 5 CHARACTERISTICS Dry Residue 32 32 3718 37:8 Free Monomer (dry state) 0w25 0i25 0.26 0.26 T.D.I. Free Monomer in A+B 11/2 hours after mix 0.20 0.10 0.20 0.12 Viscosity (Ford-4) (seconds) 15/20 15/20 16/22 16/22 Pot-Life (hours) 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 TYPE Opaque 3 Opaque 4 Example no. 3 3+ 4 4+ Part A - C10. Alkyd Resin (60% Xylene) 65 65 75 75 Saturated Polyester Resin 100% - - - - Toluylene 1135 11.5 7 7 Ethyl Acetate 10 10 5 5 Butyl Acetate 8 8 10 10 Ethylglycol Acetate 3 3 - - Amorphous Silica 2n5 2: :5 - - Zinc Stearate - - 3 3 Reactive Matter - 0.5 - 0.6 Part B - Polyisocyanate (75% in Ethyl Acetate) 10 10 20 20 Polyisocyanurate (o% in Isobutyl Acetate) 20 20 10 10 Butyl Acetate 15 15 15 15 Ethylglycol Acetate 5- 5 5 5 CHARACTERISTICS Dry Residue 39s3 39.3 45 45 Free Monomer (dry state) 0=24 0.24 0s28 0.28 T.D.I. Free Monomer in A+B 11/2 hours after mix 0.20 0.09 0.22 0.12 Viscosity (Ford-4) (seconds) 16/22 16/22 16/22 16/22 Pot-Life (hours) 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 TYPE Primer 5 Gloss 6 Example no. 5 5+ 6 6+ Part A - C.O. Alkyd Resin (60% Xylene) 60 60 80 80 Saturated Polyester Resin 100% - - - - Toluylene 15 15 - - Ethyl Acetate 10 10 - - Butyl Acetate 13 13 15 15 Ethylglycol Acetate - - 5 5 Amorphous Silica - - - Zinc Stearate 2 2 - Reactive Matter - 0.3 - 0.7 Part B - Plyisocyanate (75% in Ethyl Acetate) - - 35 35 Polyisocyanurate (50% in Isobutyl Acetate) 25 25 - - Butyl Acetate 20 20 10 10 Ethylglycol Acetate 5 5 5 5 CHARACTERISTICS Dry residue 33.7 33.7 49.5 49.5 Free Monomer (dry state) 0.16 0.16 0.36 0.36 T.D.I. Free Monomer in A+B 11/2 hours after mix 0.12 0.8 0.32 0.16 Viscosity (Ford-4) (seconds) 16/22 16/22 18/20 18/20 Pot-Life (hours) 2-3 2-3 4-5 4-5 TYPE Sealer 7 Sealer 8 Example No. 7 7+ 8 8+ Part A - C.O. Alkyd Resin (60% Xylene) - - 30 30 Saturated Polyester Resin 100% 25 25 10 10 Toluylene 25 25 25 25 Ethyl Acetate 30 30 25 25 Butyl Acetate 15 15 10 10 Ethylglycol Acetate 5 5 Amorphous Silica - - - Zinc Stearate Reactive Matter - 0.7 - 0.6 Part B - Polyisocyanate (75% in Ethyl Acetate) 35 35 25 25 Polyisocyanurate (50% in Isobutyl Acetate) - - 10 10 Butyl Acetate 10 10 10 10 Ethylglycol Acetate 5 5 5 5 CHARACTERISTICS Dry Residue 34.0 34,0 27:8 2748 Free Monomer (dry state) 0: :36 0.36 0,32 0.32 T.D.I. Free Monomer in A+B 11/2 hours after mix 0.30 0.16 0.27 0.12 Viscosity (Ford-4) (seconds) 14/16 14/16 14/16 14/16 Pot-Life (hours) 4-5 4-5 4-5 4-5 When carried into effect, the additive compound thus described may be mixed with part B of the product during manufacture -in proportion such as will not destabilise the overall composition, of course, With the latter consideration in mind, the additive compound may equally well be introduced immediately prior to final application of the product, in other words, having already mixed together parts A and B. All components making up the compound, as described, may be mixed with one another in all of the possible permutations suggested; likewise one might add auxiliary or inert substances, thinners, or secondary components etc1, to the end of controlling redolence

Claims: CLAIMS 1. Additive compound for reducing the harmful effects produced by polyurethane paints and varnishes and the paints and varnishes obtained therewith, characterised in that it consists in the composition of a number of substances possessing hydrogen atoms designed to react with isocyanic groups contained in free monomers, united with fixing agents designed to enhance the olfactive properties of said paints/ varnishes; said additive mixed either with one pack or part of the paint/varnish, or with both of the two parts , or alternatively, with the paint/varnish itself when already mixed prior to application1 2. Additive compound as in claim 1 characterised in that it is composed of terpenic alcohol- and/or terpenic phenoltype - substances which may be combined in whatever number and proportion from the following, or from their equivalents or substitutes: - terpineol, linalol, eugenol, isoeugenol, benzyl isoeugenol, geraniol, rhodinol, borneol, tetrahydro I inalol, citronellol, nero, carvol, farnesol, safrole, mol and anethole, united with fixing agents such as vanillin, cumaring and heliotropin; said additive compound being mixed at a rate of 0.1 to 10 times the quantity by weight of free monomer contained in the paint or varnish, 3. Additive compound as in claims 1 and 2, characterised in that it is obtained from a mix proportioned as follows: 13-18 parts alpha-terpineol, 10-12 parts linalol, 30-35 Fasts eugenol, 22-25 parts isoeugenol, 2 parts benzylisoeugenol, 2-5 parts geraniol, 8 parts rhodinol, 3 parts borneol, 2-4 parts vanillin, 2-3 parts heliotropin and 1+3 parts cumarin1 4 Additive compound as in claims 1 and 2, characterised in that it is obtained from a mix proportioned as follows: 20-25 parts alpha-terpineol, 10-15 parts linalol, 25-28 pats eugenol, 10-18 parts isoeugenol, 3-4 parts bSU-,ylisoeu- genol, 7-8 parts geraniol, 5-6 parts rhodinol, 6 parts borneol, 2 parts vanillin, 2 parts heliotropin and 1 part cuma ri n: 5. Additive compound as in claims 1 and 2 characterised in that it si obtained from a mix proportioned as follows: 5-12irts alpha-terpineol, 15-25 parts linalol, 20-40 parts eugenol, 5-15 parts isoeugenol, 18-5 parts benzylisoeugenol, 8-15 parts geraniol, 15-8 parts-rhodinol, 12-5 parts borneol, and 2-5 parts cumarin, vanillin and heliotropin in equal measureS 6. Additive compound as in claims 1 and 2, characterised in that it is obtained from a mix proportioned as follows: 26-30 parts alpha-terpineol, 20-24 parts eugenol, 26-10 parts isoeugenol, 3-8 parts benzylisoeugenol, 10-2 parts geraniol, 12-2 parts rhodinol, 6-1 parts borneo, and 5-2 parts cumar i ng, vanillin and heliotropin in equal measure: 7 Additive compound as in claims 1 and 2, characterised in that it is obtained from a mix proportioned as follows: 13-18 parts farnesol, 10-12 parts tetrahydrolinalol, 30-35 parts safrole, 22-25 parts citronellol, 2 parts thymol, 2-5 parts nerol, 8 parts anethole, 3 parts carvol, with 2-4 parts vanillin, 2-3 parts helidropin, and 1-3 parts cumar i n: 8. Additive compound as in claims 1 and 2 characterised in that it si obtained fiom a mix proprotioned as follows: 20-25 parts farnesol, 10-15 parts tetrahydrolinaiol, 25-28 parts safrole, 10-18 parts citronellol, 3-4 parts thymol, 7-8 parts nero, 5-6 pats anethole, 6 parts carvol, with 2 parts heliotropin and 1 part cumarin: 9= Additive compound as in claims 1 and 2 characterised in that it is obtained from a mix proportioned as follows: 5-12 parts farnesol, 15-25 parts tetrahydrolinalol, 20-10 parts safrole, 5-15 parts citronellol, 18-5 parts thymol, 8-15 parts nerol, 15-8 parts anethole, 12-5 parts carvol, and 2-5 parts vanillin, cumarin and heliotropin in equal measure 10 Additive compound as in claims 1 and 2, characterised in that it is obtained from a mix proportioned as follows: 26-30 parts farnesol, 5-10 parts tetrahydrolinalol, 20-24 parts safrole, 26-10 parts citronellol, 3-8 parts thymol, 2-10 parts nerol, 12-2 parts anethole, 6-1 parts carvol, with 2-5 parts vanillintcumarin and heliotropin in equal measure

Inventors: BENATTI, GASTONE, DR., GIUSTI, GIORGIO, PROF., RAFFELLINI, PEPPINO, DR., VERNIZZI, GIORGIO
Applicants: OECE IND CHIMICHE SPA
Application year: 1982
Main classification: C09D7
IPC codes: C08G18, C09D175