Agent for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases

Abstract: The invention relates to an agent for preventing and treating liver and kidney diseases which comprises one or more proteolytic enzyme and or one or more polysacchar­ ide mucopolysaccharide-lysing enzyme as effective ingre­ dent(s). The agent of the invention is useful in the preven­ tion and treatment of many different disorders of the liver and kidneys.

Description: Diseases of the liver are already well-known; however, in recent years in particular, viral hepatitis and alcoholic hepatitis, have shown a tendency to increase, posing a social problem. As a recent new theory propounds, there have been increasing cases of transitions from acute to chronic hepatitis, from chronic hepatitis to hepatocirrhosis, and from hepatochirrhosis to liver cancer. Therefore it is the pressing need of the hour and supremely important for saving human lives as well to cure these disorders of internal organs at the time of inflammation in order to prevent their transition to cancer. Pharmaceutical compositions containing proteolytic and/or polysaccharide-mucopolysaccharide lysing enzymes as effective ingredients are disclosed in FR-A-2 448 903, BE-A-684 147, EP-A-59 346, EP-A-65 395, WO 81/01242 and Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, p.972-975. These known pharmaceutical compositions however are not provided for use in treating or preventing liver diseases. It is the object of the present invention to provide a compound for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating chronic hepatitis. This object is achieved by providing the enzyme Pronase® for said use. The subject matter of the present invention therefore is the use of the proteolytic enzyme pronase® for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating chronic hepatitis. Another subject matter of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating chronic hepatitis containing pronase® in an amount of 10,000-500,000 tyrosine units in an enteric preparation. Pronase® employed in the present invention is a commercial product. Further it may be obtained by cultivating Streptomyces griseus followed by extracting and purifying the resulting culture broth. Pronase® employed in the present invention can be administered orally as, for example, tablets, capsules, powders, granules, that are prepared by ordinary techniques of pharmaceutical manufacture or parenterally as, for example, injections, suppositories, ointments, that are prepared in a similar manner. The agent can also be used in combination with other pharmaceuticals, for example, other medicines for the liver, antibiotics, immunoactivators, antineoplastic agents and so forth. The dosage for attaining the objective, varying with the severity of disorder, method of administration, dosage forms, is 10-50,000 mg daily for an adult in the case nf oral administration and 10-1000 mg given as an enteric preparation. The oral dosage attaining the objective is 10,000-500,000 tyrosine units. Pronase® employed in the present invention has the special feature that it is transmigrated in very large amounts to lesions of the liver. Tissues of the lesions show subsidence of edema, infiltration of round cells, production of new blood vessels, dissolution of fibrin, and an increase in polysaccharide-acidic ones in particular.-and curing reactions are observed to take place and be promoted in a chronic inflammation picture of the liver, that is, retroplasia or abnormal proliferation. Example of a pharmaceutical preparation 1 To a mixture of 20 g of pronase® and 40 g of lactose is added 10 g of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose. The resulting mixture is made into granules, which are uniformly coated with cellulose acetate phthalate to prepare enteric granules. Example of a pharmaceutical preparation 2 The pronase® enteric granules obtained in Example 1 are filled into capsules to prepare capsule preparations. Clinical Example 1 Male, 58 years old Diagnosis: Hepatocirrhosis, chronic hepatitis. Chief complaint: Anorexia, mild pressure sensation at the right hypochondriac region, general fatigue. Present illness: The patient has had the foregoing symptoms for 2-3 years and was diagnosed as having hepatocirrhosis on May 24 at another hospital. Present condition: No abnormalities are observed except mild hypertrophy of the liver. Serum examinations and ultrasonography were made. Ultrasonography: No abnormalities in either kidney; mild hypertrophy of the spleen: the gallbladder exhibits large cysts and contains no gallstone; the choledochus has no dilatation; the pancreas exhibits mild swelling and the surface thereof is smooth; no significant changes are observed inside the pancreas. Liver: The surface is almost smooth but the tissue has mild atrophy; the liver lumen has become narrowed and curved; there are no localized abnormal pictures inside the liver; biopsy of liver cells revealed pictures of mild hepatocirrhosis and chronic hepatitis. Examinations on liver functions: As Table 1 shows, examinations and observations were made 5 times during a period of about 3 months extending from May 25 to July 30. The first medical examination revealed abnormalities in 5 items out of 13-an icterus index, GOT, GPT, LAP and γ-GTP. Treatment with pronase®: Empynase® (trade name; manufactured by Kaken Chemical Co., Ltd.; enteric preparation; one tablet contains 9,000 tyrosine units of pronase®) was internally administered in a dosage of 6 tablets daily, 2 tablets each after meals, starting on May 25. Examinations were made on June 5. Mild exacerbation was seen in every item in addition to the observation of an abnormal TTT value. Sudden improvements were seen on June 18, only γ-GTP showing abnormalities. On June 10, γ-GTP also decreased. On July 30, all showed normal values. Subjective symptoms improved, too, and the results of various examinations became normal. Thereafter, the internal administration was continued for a further 3 months to prevent a recurrence. Clinical example 2 Female; born in 1915 Diagnosis: Chronic hepatitis. Chief complaint: General fatigue, anorexia. Present illness: For about 6 months the patient has complained of general fatigue and anorexia and lost her vigor to work. Present condition: The patient's face is somewhat pale with a shade of yellow. The patient has an enlarged abdominal part, which has no abnormalities such as retention of ascites. Ultrasonography and roentgenography: The kidneys on both sides and the spleen have no abnormalities. The gallbladder has mild hypertrophy but contains no gallstone. There are no significant changes in the pancreas, the large intestine, the small intestine, the stomach, or the duodenum. Liver: The surface is smooth. The liver lumen has become somewhat narrowed but no atrophy or localized abnormal pictures are observed in the liver tissue. Examination on liver functions: As Table 2 shows, examinations that had been carried out on November 7 revealed no abnormalities in 6 items among 13. Treatment with pronase®: Empynase®P was internally administered in a dosage of 6 tablets daily, 2 tablets each after meals, and the subsequent course observed. By January 30 the next year, γ-GTP became normal but the others. though somewhat improving, did not become restored to normal. By March 5, all except TTT and ZTT became normal. On May 18, TTT, albumin, and A/G showed abnormalities, but albumin and A/G were low. By June 6, all had become normal. This is 211 days after the start of the treatment. Clinical Examples 3-6: Treatment of liver disorders with pronase®. Each case received internally Empynase®P in a dosage of 6 tablets daily. As Table 3 further shows. Empynase®P was internally administered to 4 cases of chronic hepatitis; as a result, very favorable results were obtained in these cases that had been considered difficult to treat.

Claims: The use of the proteolytic enzyme pronase® for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating chronic hepatitis. An embodiment according to claim 1 for the preparation of an enteric composition. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating chronic hepatitis containing pronase® in an amount of 10,000-500,000 tyrosine units in an enteric preparation.

Inventors: FUJISAKI SHIGEMI, MITANI MITSUAKI, FUJISAKI, SHIGEMI, MITANI, MITSUAKI
Applicants: FUJISAKI SHIGEMI, KAKEN PHARMA CO LTD, FUJISAKI, SHIGEMI, KAKEN PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD.
Application year: 1982
Main classification: A61K37
IPC codes: A61K38, A61P1, A61P13, A61P15