FASTENING ARRANGEMENT INCLUDING A WEDGE

Abstract: Fastening device for straps and the like which extends through an opening (4′) in a thin wall (20) such as a vehicle wall. The clamp (6) has an inclined surface (13) on one side and a snap tongue (14) which extends over a part of the inclined surface (13). A tongue member (5) having lateral projections (9, 9′) cooperates with the clamp to fill the opening (4′), and a seat belt (8) or similar element is attached to the tongue member (5).

Description: DESCRIPTION LOCKING CLAMP FOR FASTENING DEVICES BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention concerns a locking clamp for locking fastening devices for cables, tapes, straps, etc., on a preferably thin wall in which at least one opening for receiving a support is provided, and with a reinforcing plate arranged on the side of the wall remote of the strap, with a recess to be aligned with the wall opening. In order to suspend a heavy weight on a wall, particularly a belt strap, which is highly stressed at the time of an accident, at a point in the motor vehicle on a wall, nuts or threaded plates are welded on the wall, e.g. on the chassis of the vehicle or on the bottom. The belt strap anchor is then screwed into these threaded holes, but special tools, like manual or power screw drivers of various sizes must be used in the assembly of the vehicle to anchor the screws firmly in the threaded holes. Apart from the necessary use of special tools, the fastening is time-consuming, because the tools are sometimes difficult to use because of the special site of the fastening. In addition, the manufacture of nuts or threaded plates, etc., to be welded-on for the preparation of a fastening site is time- and cost intensive. Many welded-on fastening sites have furthermore the disadvantage that they project to the outside and may represent hazards at the time of an accident, unless they are covered with protective caps. This invention is particularly directed to applications in which belt straps of safety belt systems are secured on the vehicle over fittings. As a fitting can be used, e.g. a metal part with an eyelet for passing through the belt strap; according to the invention, means are to be provided to fix this fastening part in a suitable manner on the vehicle. As a fastening site is frequently used a thin wall in which an opening is provided which is to be engaged by locking parts of the mounting. It is known to screw a mounting with tongue and eyelet in a reinforcing plate as an anchorage point for a belt strap. The assembly is time-consuming and sometimes difficult, particularly when the fastening site is not readily accessible. Besides, such a mounting must be secured additionally by a locking pin to prevent it from being turned out. Known also are methods for fastening seat belt retractors on preferably thin walls in a motor vehicle. Hooked parts extend on the housing of the retractor toward the wall and are introduced into openings in the wall and recesses behind the openings in a reinforcing plate and locked in place. In other known types of fastening, notches, grooves or slots are provided which are applied on corresponding edges in the vehicle wall, which can also be reinforced, if necessary. On the side opposite these notches must be provided a locking clamp, e.g. in the form of a steel spring, which ensures its fastening in cooperation with a shoulder on the housing of the retractor. The manufacture and assembly of such a steel spring presents some difficulties, since it must have considerable bending resistance. Other locking clamps consist of screws or rivets whose assembly likewise presents some difficulties, particularly since it is not always possible to get to the desired point in the vehicle with the tool. It would therefore be desirable to provide a locking clamp of the above-mentioned type which permits rapid assembly without special tools and which is simple to manufacture. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with this invention, there is provided a locking clamp for locking devices for straps and the like on a preferably thin wall in which at least one opening for receiving holding means is provided and preferably comprising a reinforcing plate arranged on the side of the wall remote from the strap, which plate comprises a recess which can be aligned with the opening in the wall, characterized in that the clamp has on one side as a locking means an inclined surface and spaced therefrom a snap tongue which extends over at least a part of the inclined surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 shows a cross sectional view along line A-A in Fig. 2, representing the installed locking clamp in a fastening device which is used to anchor a safety belt in a motor vehicle. Fig. 2 shows a section along a plane which is perpendicular to the paper plane in Fig. 1 and perpendicular to the lines representing the wall. Fig. 3 shows a view of the locking clamp with the fastening device seen from the bottom or inside, that is, from the side of the reinforcing plate. Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the locking clamp for fastening a retractor on a thin vehicle wall. Fig. 5 shows a broken-off partial view, seen from the right to the left in Fig. 4 (bottom front left). Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of the housing of a retractor and in a distance next to it another embodiment of a locking clamp. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In one embodiment with the eyelet-type mounting as an anchorage point for the belt strap, the fastening of the mounting is achieved without additional parts projecting, except for the eyelet or tongue on which the strap belt is secured. In both embodiments, which will be described below more fully on the basis of the drawings, a free space is provided between the inclined surface and the snap tongue, which permits the snap tongue to move towards the inclined surface during the assembly, which means merely that the locking clamp is placed into the remaining opening or recess. In this movement the correspondingly applied snap tongue can snap back and permit the passage of the locking clamp through the desired opening, while after it has been put through the opening down to the desired depth, the snap tongue snaps back and prevents a sliding movement of the locking clamp in the opposite direction. In another expedient embodiment of the invention, the inclined surface has a nose at one end, preferably at the end opposite the base of the snap tongue. Beyond the above-mentioned advantages, the nose offers the possibility that the respective wall into which the locking clamp was pushed, comes to bear on a sort of shoulder. When the snap tongue then snaps back in the desired manner into its position before it was inserted and before it bore on the shoulder, the position of the wall and/or reinforcing plate, on the one hand and of the locking clamp, on the other hand, is secured. But even in another embodiment without the nose, the inclined surface can be applied in such an angle that the wall or plate strikes against the inclined surface like a ramp, because the locking clamp is so wide or thick toward the side opposite the base of the snap tongue that the desired wall is fixed by clamping and friction. If the locking clamp according to the invention is fixed, e.g. over hooks on one wall for fastening a seat belt retractor, on a wall secured e.g. in an angle of 90 degrees on the first mentioned wall, this insures that the retractor cannot be displaced laterally. In this way, rivets, steel wire springs and other cumbersome locking methods can be eliminated and be replaced by the simple locking clamp according to the invention. In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, a tongue or eyelet, provided with lateral projec tions for connection with the strap, etc. is arranged next to the clamp as a mounting for the strap and the common outside dimension of mounting and clamp on at least two diametrically opposed sides corresponds to the inside dimension of the opening and recess provided in the wall and in the reinforcing plate. In this way it is only necessary to introduce the tongue or the mounting with the eyelet into the opening in the wall and, if necessary, into the recess behind it in the reinforcing plate and to turn it somewhat so that the lateral projections engage the bottom surface of the wall, thus preventing the tongue and the strap from being pulled out. Then the clamp is introduced next to it in the remaining space and clamped tightly to ensure, by the adaptation of the common outside dimension and the inner dimension of the opening, that the tongue is retained firmly by the projections on the wall and/or reinforcing plate. The thin walls referred to above have a thickness of up to 2 cm. This may be a wall of any shape of sheet metal, wood, plastic etc. so that a reinforcing plate is necessary in some cases. This reinforcing plate is so attached on the thin wall that the opening of the wall is aligned with the recess of the reinforcing plate. Even with a metal wall of only 1 to 2 mm thickness, the projections on the tongue or the mounting with the eyelet cannot be torn open, because of the reinforcing plate behind it, whose thickness can be selected as desired, preferably 5 mm or 8 mm. The above-mentioned snap tongue serves as a lock of the clamp to prevent it from falling out, even in longlasting vibrations. The initial stress of the snap tongue is so adjusted that the clamping engagement and the frictional engagement are maintained. In the assembly, the snap tongue is pressed with the fingers onto the inclined surface, or this is done with a light blow with the fist or with a hammer. When the wall bears on the nose after the locking clamp has been inserted, the snap tongue can snap upward away from the inclined surface, due to its spring force, because the length of the snap tongue is adapted to the corresponding installation conditions. In any case the locking clamp according to the invention prevents that even long-lasting vibrations can force the clamp to fall out from the opening. It is also of advantage according to the invention if the recess in the reinforcing plate is oblong and fully filled by the tongue or mounting with eyelet together with the clamp. The oblong form of the opening and/or of the recess has the advantage that the tongue mounting, which has, e.g. the form of a key punched from a piece of sheet metal, can be so put through the opening or recess that the greatest distance of the two faces from each other is less than the longitudinal extension, but greater than the transverse extension of the opening or recess. The tongue mounting can thus be turned by 90 degrees after it has been put through the opening and be so fixed in the opening tht it can no longer be pulled out. The space remaining in the opening is filled out completely by the clamp to be put through, and clamped tightly. In a top view, the opening and/or recess can have the form of a U, for example, or of a rectangle or of an oval. The invention can also be so designed that the reinforcing plate and the tongue are made of sheet metal and the locking clamp of plastic. The tolerances of the clamp can be corrected with advantage without jeopardizing the reliable fastening. With refererce to the drawings in Figs. 1 to 3 the first embodiment is represented with a fastening device for the mounting portion of a seat belt tongue, that is, an anchorage point for a safety belt at a point on vehicle floor 1, which can be considered here as the general surface designated as a wall. In Figs. 1 and 2, the space above vehicle floor 1 is the inner tunnel etc. On this, the bottom side, which is the side remote of the belt strap, a reinforcing plate 2 bears on floor 1 and is joined with the latter in any expedient manner, if necessary, by screws 3 (Fig. 3). Floor 1 has an opening 4' and reinforcing plate 2 has a recess 4. As it can be seen from Fig. 3, recess 4 in reinforcing plate 2 can have in this embodiment the form of a rectangle. Opening 4' in floor 1 has the same shape. The support consists in the embodiment according to Figs. 1 to 3 of a tongue 5 (also called tongue mounting) and of a locking clamp 6, the outside dimensions of these two parts being so adapted to each other and to opening 4' or recess 4, that they fill completely recess 4 in the assembled state. Tongue mounting 5 is formed in this embodiment as a bent-off stamped metal piece in the form of a key which has in the upper part a recess or eyelet 7 for receiving a belt strap 8 and on the opposite side, at the insertion end, lateral projections 9, 9'. The greatest distance of the two faces of projections 9, 9' which are most widely apart is smaller than the length of rectangular recess 4 (which always also means opening 4' in floor 1), so that tongue 5 is turned by 90 degrees relative to the represented positions, inserted into recess 4, turned back by 90 degrees into the represented position, and pushed to one end or one narrow side of rectangular recess 4. Then projections 9, 9' automatically engage reinforcing plate 2 from the bottom, because the above-mentioned greatest distance between the faces of the projections which are most widely apart is greater than the width of rectangular recess 4. In the embodiment shown here, the width of tongue 5 is equal to the width of rectangular recess 4. Toward to top or interior of the vehicle, tongue 5 then widens forming eyelet 7. Then clamp 6 is placed with the end on which locking device 10 is arranged first into recess 4 and opening 4' and driven with a hammer blow on top face 11 so far through recess 4 until the upper surface of floor 1 facing the inside of the vehicle bears on nose 12. That is, clamp 6 cannot be driven further through recess 4. When the bottom surface bears on nose 12, the state has been reached which is represented particularly in Fig. 1. Since the snap lock or locking device 10 consists of an inclined surface 13 with a snap tongue 14 attached obliquely to the outside at a distance therefrom, this snap tongue 14, which has come to bear more or less and at least partly on inclined surface 13, after it has been pressed through recess 4, snaps out and thus engages the bottom outer edge of recess 4 from the bottom. As shown in Fig. 1 clamp 6 can now be moved neither substantially upward, nor downward. Tongue mounting 5 is thus so secured that projections 9, 9' always bear against reinforcing plate 2 in the representation shown in Fig. 3, so that tongue mounting 5 cannot be pulled out of the represented position, even with a stronger pull on belt strap 8. The easy assembly, the economical and simple manufacture and the reliable and safe operation of the subject of the invention is apparent from the foregoing. According to another embodiment, not shown here, the tongue mounting can also have a U-cross section, and the clamp can extend into the inner space formed by the U. The advantage here is the possibility of making a small clamp with less plastic material. Besides, the outside dimension of the support is reduced, which has the advantage of fastening even in very narrow door jambs. Figs. 4 to 6 only show housing 31 of the retractor, because the other parts are not essential for mounting purposes. Fig. 4 also shows belt strap 8 for the orientation purposes. Housting 31 of the retractor is held over hooks 21 in openings (not shown) in a thin wall 20, while lateral displacement is prevented by locking clamp 6, which is secured on wall 22 arranged transverse to wall 20. In broken-off front wall la shown in Fig. 5 is a recess 23 the size of which is adapted to the dimensions of locking clamp 6. The latter is secured according to the representation in Fig. 4 at a suitable point on wall 22 to be introduced into recess 23. Nose 24 is provided on clamp 6 opposite to snap tongue 14 and snap tongue 14 extends from base 25. This introduction can be explained best on the basis Fig. 5: If wall la of housing is to the right of claim 6 (or the latter to the left of wall la), snap tongue 14 can be bent down to inclined surface 13 by pushing recess 23 into clamp 6 from the right to the left in Fig. 5, so that, when wall part la moves further to the left in Fig. 5 relative to clamp 6, wall part la comes finally to bear on nose 24. The shoulder thus formed prevents any further movement of wall part la to the left in Fig. 5 relative to clamp 6. In this stage, snap tongue 14 snaps back into its original position, so that the state of Fig. 5 has been reached. The same operation also takes place in a locking clamp 6, as shown in Fig. 6, though nose 24 is not provided. If wall part la is moved in the embodiment of Fig. 6 relative to clamp 6 away from the side of base 25 of snap tongue 14, recess 23 arrives in the higher region of inclined surface 13, after it has passed snap tongue 14, after the latter has snapped back into its original position, and thus comes into such frictional engagement that it is clamped and also locked.

Claims: Claims: 1. Locking clamp for locking fastening devices for straps and the like on a preferably thin wall in which at least one opening for receiving a holding means is provided and optionally a reinforcing plate arranged on the side of the wall remote from the strap, which plate comprises a recess which can be aligned with the opening in the wall, characterized in that the clamp (6) has on one side as a locking means an inclined surface (13) and spaced therefrom a snap tongue (14) which extends over at least a part of the inclined surface (13). 2. Locking clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the inclined surface (13) has a nose (12) at one end. 3. Locking clamp according to claim 2, chacterized in that a tongue (5) provided with projections (9, 9') as mounting means is provided next to the clamp (6), the tongue (5) being connected to strap (8), and that the common outside dimension of tongue (5) and clamp (6) on at least two diametrically opposed sides corresponds to the inside dimensions of the opening (4') and recess (4) provided in the wall (1) and in the reinforcing plate (2). 4. Locking clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that the recess (4) in the reinforcing plate (2) is oblong and is fully filled by the tongue mounting means (9, 9') together with the clamp (6). 5. Locking clamp according to claim 4, characterized in that the reinforcing plate (2) and the tongue mounting means (9, 9') are made of sheet metal and the clamp (6) of plastic. 6. Locking clamp according to claim 5 wherein the tongue (5) is a mounting plate for a seat belt strap (8). 7. Locking clamp according to claim 1 wherein the fastening device is a seat belt retractor having hooks (21) on its housing (31) adapted for insertion into openings in the wall (20), and a recess (23) on the housing (31) of the retractor at a location spaced from the hooks (21), the locking clamp being adapted to lockingly engage with the recess (23). 8. Locking clamp according to claim 7 wherein the locking clamp (6) is provided on a wall (22) which is transverse to wall (20). 9. Locking clamp according to claim 8 on which a nose (24) is provided on locking clamp (6) at one end and is adapted to engage with wall portion (la) surrounding recess (23). 10. Locking clamp according to claim 8 wherein inclined surface (13) and snap tongue (14) frictionally engage wall portion (la) surrounding recess (23).

Inventors: WEMAN, PER OLOF
Applicants: N.V. KLIPPAN S.A.
Application year: 1982
Main classification: B60R22
IPC codes: B60R22, F16B2