HEATING APPARATUS AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING THE HEATING APPARATUS

Abstract: In a heating apparatus of the tiled stove type, the return chamber section (19) and stove section (17) are built up from blocks (A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,J) arranged in a plurality of horizontal courses one upon the other, the blocks being implemented and arranged such that the vertical joints between the blocks in one course are staggered in relation to the vertical joints between the blocks in an adjoining course. In the production of the heating apparatus an erection fixture is adjusted and clamped between floor and ceiling. The fixture comprises two frames (51, 53) each of which consists of two vertical uprights (55,57,59,61), defining the space within which the blocks for the heating apparatus are subsequently laid.

Description: Heating apparatus and method and device for producing the heating apparatus The present invention relates to a heating apparatus of the tiled stove type, comprising return chamber section, stove section and foot section, as well as a method and a device for producing such a heating apparatus. The object of the present invention is to provide a heating apparatus of the tiled stove type, which can be built in a safe and rapid way without expert knowledge, and to give directions for a method and provide a device for producing such a heating apparatus. This object is achieved with a heating apparatus, a method and a device of the kind given in the introduction and having the characterizing features disclosed in claims 1, 10, and 12. The invention thus relates to a heating apparatus made in blocks and with a structure of a tiled stove, said apparatus including a return chamber section, stove section and foot section, which are subdivided into a plurality of blocks, each of which can be handled by one man. Compared with previously known tiled stoves, the apparatus in accordance with the invention has the advantage that no special tradesman's skill is required for building it. The apparatus in accordance with the invention is formed such that it suits varying ceiling heights, can be clad with tile (both ordinary flat tile and tiled stove tile) or alternatively be plastered and painted or solely painted, or alternatively provided with a scored surface without further surface treatment. The heating apparatus in accordance with the invention is thus made in blocks, the blocks having been formed such that necessary movements due to heat can be taken up in joints without leakage occurring. Moreover, the blocks are comparatively small, whereby the tendency to crack is decreased. The blocks have been made so small that they can be handled by one person without hoisting facilities. Small blocks have less tendency to crack and thereby increase operational reliability. OMPI The blocks are formed such that they are reversable as far as possible, whereby a smaller number of variants is required, which also facilitates handling and increases the surety of correct building. The lowest block in the stove section is formed so that it constitutes a return block (communication between the two adjacent parallel flue gas channels) and also allows placing a soot hole on the inside or outside, or also on both inside and outside simultaneously if so desired. The uppermost block in the duct section is formed such that it allows chimney pipe connection backwards, upwards, or at either side, and is dimensioned such that it withstands load from the chimney when connection is made from above. One of the blocks in the return chamber section is formed with recesses for damper mechanism, which considerably simplifies the installation and guarantees reliable function of the mechanism. The blocks are formed so that surface finish and cladding can be carried out in any of the following ways: lime-washing, plastering, painting, stored surface directly in the stove material, direct fixing of flat tiles, fixing of conventional tiled stove tiles. The invention also relates to a method and a device for producing the heating apparatus. For this two frames are fixed between ceiling and floor. The frames are placed directly opposite each other and are plumbed and height-adjusted with screws placed in the bottom edge of the respective frame. Temporary struts can be used to connect the frames for facilitating plumbing. When the frames are in plumb and correctly placed sideways and in depth, the respective frame is clamped in place with the aid of clamping screws in the upper edge of each frame. A horizontal section in the frame system forms a rectangle within which the block tiled stove can now be built up. The vertical corner posts of the frame form stops for the blocks during erection. In this way there is achieved the advantage that erection can be done quicker, and straight right-angular assembly is obtained, which in turn results in that subsequent work before applying surface cladding (painting, plastering, tile fixing, chiseling) is reduced to a minimum. The erection device in accordance with the invention is placed where the heating apparatus is intended to stand, and the latter can be erected simultaneously as passages to the chimney in ceiling or walls can be [ EA OMPI started. Templates can be used for marking off wall or ceiling passages, these templates being laid out according to markings on the fixture frames. In height, the frames are marked with levels for the module system of the block apparatus, and as the tiled stove is built up the installer can easily adjust the level course by course, which guarantees that a connection for a flue pipe is in register when it has reached full height. Embodiments of the invention selected as examples will now be described in detail with reference to the appended drawings, on which: Figure 1 generally illustrates the principle construction of a heating apparatus of the tiled stove type, Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of the stove section in the apparatus according to the invention, Figure 3 is a section through the plane A-A in Figure 2, seen in the direction of the arrows, Figure 4 is a section through the plane B-B in Figure 2, seen in the direction of the arrows, Figure 5 is a side view of a second embodiment of the stove section in the apparatus according to the invention, Figure 6 is a view from the front of the return chamber section, Figure 7 is a side view in section of the return chamber section of the heating apparatus according to the Invention, Figure 8 is a section through the plane A-A in Figure 7, seen in the direction of the arrows, Figure 9 is a section along the line B-B in Figure 7, seen in the direction of the arrows, Figure 10 is a schematic depiction seen from the front of the heating apparatus according to the invention illustrating the air duct system obtained in cladding with tiled stove tiles, Figure 11 is a section through the plance C-C in Figure 10, seen in the direction of the arrows, Figure 12 is a section through the plane A-A in Figure 10, seen in the direction of the arrows, Figure 13 is a section through the plane B-B in Figure 10, seen In the direction of the arrows, Figures 14 and 15 illustrate tiled stove tile in two different views, and Figure 16 shows an implementation of the erection device in accordance with the invention. The principle construction of a heating apparatus of the tiled stove type is illustrated in Figure 1, where the path of the flue gases, different passages, is illustrated in the order 1,2,3. There is furthermore illustrated examples of placing soot holes 11, 13. "BϋRl __ OMPI As will be seen from Figures 2 and 5, the tiled stove Includes a foot section 15, a stove section 17 and a return chamber section 19. The blocks C arranged nearest above the foot section 15 are made with a soot hole 11, which can either be placed outwards towards the living room, or inwards towards the fire hearth (alternatively simultaneously both outwards and inwards). Block G Is a block functioning as soot hole towards the fire hearth. The soot hole towards the living room Is made conventionally with a stub. The blocks A are made with recesses at both ends which form dovetails with opposing blocks for locking and sealing the front and rear blocks B, see Figure 4. The blocks B are formed bevelled along their sides so that they suit the dovetails of the side blocks. The height of the blocks A can be adjusted so that a modular pitch of 150 mm is obtained for adjusting the stove height to varying ceiling heights and varying selections of foot heights. The block C is higher than A for two reasons. Firstly, the recess for G requires a greater strength, enabling another advantage to be gained simultaneously, since the blocks are lower than the block C, there Is obtained a displacement, positive from the strength aspect, of the •rear horizontal joints In the hottest part of the structure, see Figures 2 and 5. In at least a part of the stove section 17, alternate courses consist of two blocks J with recesses for forming the flue gas passages 1,2,3. These blocks J are joined together along a vertical plane 21, see Figure 3. To avoid leakage in movements in the joints between the blocks, all simple vertical joints of less width have been carried out with dovetails according to Figure 4. If, in addition, the blocks are made in varying sizes for different courses, there is obtained a further strengthening and sealing structure built up in so-called "bonds", it is intended here that each course (=block height) has the vertical joints staggered so that a joint, several courses high, is avoided in the part of the structure most subjected to high temperature. The block variant J, Introduced for the purpose, which enables this has also the advantage " S URBA that when placed as the first course over the soot hole it functions as a carrying element over it. There is thus not required any other particular unloading of the hole structure 23, simultaneously as its normally metallic implementation with associated larger extension does not exercise any stress loading (soft refractory spacer) on the structure. The major portion of the aggregate material in the blocks is generally present. The blocks E, F in Figure 2 are formed at the rear edge as block B and successively thickened so that guidance of the flue gases is obtained towards the front portion of the return chamber 19. The edges occurring at the block courses provide a certain vortex formation and surface magnification which increases the desired heat absorption in heat-accummulating material. The blocks H are of heat insulating and heat resistant material and are intended to increase the combustion temperature and also to constitute cooling against the bottom and against the rear hearth wall opposite the fire, where the temperature is otherwise high. As we have found in tests that the flue gas temperature varies between 70-100°C, the insulation of the rear wall and bottom should not constitute any direct worsening of the accumulation. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 5 the stove section is mainly built up from A- and B-type blocks alone, according to Figure 4. At their back edges the blocks D,E,F are formed as block B and successively thickened so that guidance of the flue gases is obtained towards the front part of the return chamber 19. Since block D in this embodiment compensates for the staggering in height, no special spinal block suited to side block C is required. The flue gases through passage 1 from the stove section 17 go into block 25 in the return chamber section 19 which is formed as a frame and are guided out in the outer edge and down into the passage 2 on the stove section 17. After the flue gases have travelled downwards and have turned at a level with the hearth plane, they go up again through passage 3 and come into block 27 and are guided further up through a hole 29 in block 31 and up through the damper 33, placed in a recess in block 31 and into block 35 and thereafter out through the chimney stack. The chimney connection is not illustrated on the drawing. The chimney can be connected from the rear, from above or from one side, an aperture being made for a chimney muff at the place in question in block 35, which can consist of easily workable Leca with fire-resistant binder. Alternatively the block Is made from two of the most usual variants with holes upwardly and at one side, respectively. A block with one hole, but which is reversable instead, may also be used. For connection at the side, one of the blocks 37 Is taken out, these blocks only serving as filling bodies. The blocks 35, 39 and 41 are made with insulating aggregate (e.g. Leca) to obtain heat insulation towards the ceiling. The foot section Is made from Leca blocks to reduce the total weight, taking into account that lower carrying capacity for the substructure can then be accepted. In the alternative of cladding the block arrangement with conven¬ tional tiled stove tiles, the tile 43 can be fixed with only the middle portion of It filled out. Its flanges 45 could be free against the blocks and fixed to the core solely by the portion 47 filled out in the tile 43. There is thus obtained a channel system 49 according to Figure 10, into which room air can easily be led, preferably at the base of the stove. Air thus flowing through the channels is heated effectively in this way by the wandering and large-surface contact with the heated tile and block arrangement. The portion 47, see Figure 9, is filled out with brick or clay. An embodiment of a fixture selected as an example for erection according to the method of the present invention is described in the following in conjunction with Figure 16. The erection fixture comprises two frames 51 and 53, where the uprights 55, 57 of the frame 51 go round two corners in the block tiled oven, and two vertical uprights 59, 61 of the frame 53 constitute defining lines for the extension of the block tiled oven laterally. At the bottom edge of the respective frame there are adjusting screws 63, which are to be used partly for adjustment during plumbing and partly for mutual level adjustment between the frames. At the upper edges of the respective frame there are clamping screws 65 for clamping the respective frame to the ceiling. Connecting members or ties 67 and 69 are used in erecting the fixture and are removed when the frames are clamped. A template 71 is used for marking up against a wall (the rear wall or a wall on either side) or ceiling, and gives the location of the flue gas passage. The template is made in three variations, one for rear connection, one for side connection and one for top connection of a flue gas pipe. The angle sections forming the uprights 59 and 61 face outwards from the space defined by the frames 51 and 53, to enable the insertion of blocks from the side through the frame 53, for mortaring together in the production of the tile stove. The inventive erection device also results in the advantage that, when it is set up, it gives an idea of suitable placing etc. in relation to such as floor battens and roof trusses with associated chimney locaction. The impression of entirety, e.g. from the furnishing aspect, can also be judged, possibly with a screen loosely put on the erection frame and representing the tiled stove front, such as it will approxima¬ tely appear in a finished condition. The frame pairs 51, 53 are further marked off with the heights of the tiled stove blocks, module heights, and levels for the base 15, stove 17 and return chamber section 19. The frame pairs 51, 53 are also marked at the top edge with the position for the template 71 for measuring off and marking out the location of the flue gas pipe passage.

Claims: Claims 1. Heating apparatus of the tiled stove type, comprising return chamber section, stove section and foot section, characterized in that the return chamber section and stove section are built up from blocks placed in a plurality of horizontal courses one upon the other, the blocks being formed and arranged such that the vertical joints between the blocks in one course are staggered in relation to the vertical joints between the blocks In adjoining courses. 2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that at least a portion of the stove section, alternate courses include two blocks formed with cutout portions to provide necessary flue gas passages, jointed to each other in a first vertical plane, and alternate courses four blocks alike and opposing in pairs, arranged to form the walls of a central flue gas passage, two opposing blocks being formed with cutout portions for providing remaining flue gas passages, and with recesses at their end portions together forming dovetails in which the other pair of blocks formed with bevelled sides are accommodated, the vertical joints lying outside said first vertical plane. 3. Heating apparatus of the tiled stove type, comprising return chamber section, stove section and foot section, characterized in that the return chamber section and stove section are built up from blocks, placed in a plurality of horizontal courses arranged one upon the other, and in that the stove section includes a plurality of courses each of which comprise four blocks, alike and opposing in pairs, arranged to form the walls of a central flue gas passage, two opposing blocks being formed with cutout portions to form remaining flue gas passages, and with recesses at their end portions together forming dovetails in which the second pair of blocks made with bevelled sides is accommodated for locking and sealing. 4. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the course nearest the foot section includes two opposing alike blocks, which at their rear end portions are formed with recesses for forming dovetails in which a third block with bevelled sides is accommodated for locking and sealing, said blocks defining the hearth, whereby said two opposing blocks have greater vertical height than said third block and are implemented to form the lower return portion of the flue gas passages. 5. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1 - 4, characterized in that the upper part of the stove section is built up from courses consisting of four blocks, the rear blocks being successively thickened from course to course in an upward direction, for deflecting the central flue gas channel towards the front part of the return chamber section. 6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the first course above the soot opening is one of a course built up from two blocks with the joining plane parallel to the plane through the soot hole opening. 7. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1 - 6, characterized in that the blocks of the return chamber section are implemented for providing required passages for returning flue gases or leading them out to the chimney stack. 8. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1 - 7, characterized in that the blocks of the return chamber section situated nearest the ceiling are made from a heat insulating material, such as a material of Leca and a refractory binder. 9. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1 - 8, characterized in that tiles are applied on the outside of the blocks, only the middle section of the tile being filled and fixed to the outside of the blocks while the outer flange or edge portions of the tile define a space between the outside of the blocks and the inside of the tiles to form air stream ducts. 10. Method of producing a heating apparatus of tiled stove type, comprising return chamber section and stove section and foot section built up from blocks, characterized in that an erection fixture comprising two vertical frames possibly connected together with ties is adjusted and clamped between floor and ceiling, after which the heating apparatus is laid in horizontal courses of blocks within the fixture, the frames forming lateral limitations for the block arrangement. 11. Method as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that for marking out wall and/or ceiling passages templates intended for this purpose are laid out on the fixture in accordance with markings on the fixture. 12. Device for producing heating apparatus of the tiled stove type, comprising return chamber section, stove section and foot section built up from blocks, characterized by an erection fixture including two frames OMPI _ comprising -longitudinal uprights, intended for being placed between floor and ceiling at the place where the heating apparatus is to be placed, such that the uprights will form lateral defining lines for the tiled oven. 13. Device as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that removable ties are arranged between the frames for adjustment thereof. 14. Device as claimed in claim 12 or 13, characterized in that adjustment means are arranged at the lower edge of the frames for straightening and level adjustment of the frames, and that clamping means are disposed at the upper edges of the frames for clamping the frames between floor and ceiling. 15. Device as claimed in any of the claims 12 - 14, characterized in that the uprights include angle sections which, in one of the frames, are adapted for going round the corners of the block-built apparatus, while in the other frame they are facing outwards from the space intended for said apparatus to enable substantially horizontal insertion of blocks in the space inside the fixture through said last-mentioned frame. 16. Device as claimed in any of claims 12 - 15, characterized in that the frames are implemented with markings for the different block courses and for templates for marking out wall and/or ceiling passages. QMPΓ_

Inventors: ERIKSSON LENNART, POLTEG AOKE, ERIKSSON, LENNART, POLTEG, AOKE
Applicants: ERIKSSON LENNART, POLTEG AOKE, ERIKSSON, LENNART, POLTEG, AOKE
Application year: 1982
Main classification: F24B1
IPC codes: F24B1, F24B5