AUTOMATIC HAND FIREARM

Abstract: Automatic, mass-obturated hand firearm comprising a body (1) with handle (2), a barrel (3) joined to the body, a sliding plug (4) with guide (5) constituted by the body and with cocking and firing mechanism (7), the guide of the sliding plug ascending rearward so that the rearward path of motion of the sliding plug deviates upward from the centre-line (8) of the barrel. The purpose is to eliminate the problem of automatic hand firearms that during shooting the barrel tends to rise upwards. As tought by the invention, when the sliding plug (4) is in its forward position its centre of gravity (9) is located forward of the handle (2). The sliding plug (4) is preferably so disposed that it pushes to be in its major part forward of the rear end (10) of the barrel (3). Furthermore, the centre of gravity (9) of the sliding plug (4) is preferably located forward of the rear end (10) of the barrel (3). The guide (5) of the sliding plug (4) forms a preferably obliquely forward and downward inclined surface, against which the sliding plug rests so that when the rearward directed recoil force acts on the sliding plug this plug moves reaward and the surface of the sliding plug hits against the surface of the guide, producing on the body (1) a moment turning downward the muzzle of the barrel (3).

Description: AUTOMATIC HAND FIREARM The present invention concerns an automatic hand firearm such as is defined in the introductory par of the main claim. The above-mentioned automatic hand firearm wherein the backward path of motion of the sliding plug deviates upward from the barrel centre-line is known e.g. through the German application print No. 2 354 451 In this design of prior art in a conventional pistol, where the ammunition box is accommodated in the handle and the sliding plug has been placed substantially adjacent to the handle or on the rear side thereof, the motion path of the sliding plug has been disposed to be rearward obliquely ascending, the purpose being to shi the arm's centre of gravity and in particular the barre as far down as possible so that the barrel might not ri upward when shooting. In practice, the slidirfg plug however causes on the rearward obliquely upward pointin sliding plug guide a downward urging moment behind the weapon's point of support, that is the handle, whereby the butt part of the weapon tends to turn downwards whe shooting, which is manifested as a moment lifting the b upward. Therefore the effect of the construction is the opposite of that which was aimed at with the constructi The object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawback mentioned. In particular, the object of the invention is to provide an automatic mass- obturated hand firearm where the barrel-lifting moment o the recoil has been maximally eliminated. Regarding the characteristic features of the invention, reference is made to the claims section. The invention is based on such arrangement of the sliding plug's centre of gravity and of the sliding plug guide that the sliding plug, when moving rearward due to the recoil, will give rise to a moment acting forward of this fulcrum point and turning the muzzle of the barrel downward. The said, favourable moment turning the barrel down is produced, as taught by the invention, by arrangements concerning the centre of gravity of the sliding plug with reference to the barrel and, in particular, to the pivoting point in the wrist of the hand holding the weapon, in such manner as has been stated in the claims. The invention is described in detail in the following with the aid of embodiment examples, referring to the attached drawings, wherein:- Fig. 1 presents, schematically and partly sectioned, a weapon according to the invention, in elevational view, Fig. 2 shows the sliding plug and barrel of the weapon of Fig. 1, in top view. Fig. 3 presents the forward part of another embodiment of the invention, partly sectioned, and Fig. 4 presents, schematically and partly sectioned, a third weapon accordingto the invention in elevational view. The mass-obturated automatic pistol depicted in Fig. 1 comprises a body 1 with handle 2, a barrel 3 joined to the body, a sliding plug 4 with guide 5 constituted by the body and with return spring 6, and the cocking and firing mechanism 7 (in the figure the cocking and firing mechanism has not been shown, except for the trigger, in order to better illustrate the construction) . The weapon furthermore comprises an ammunition box 17 placed forward of the trigger. The sliding plug 4 has been disposed to move mainly encirclin the barrel in a guide constituted by the body of the weapon. The guide 5 of the sliding plug 4, that is the lower half of the guiding chute, ascends rearward so that the rearward path of motion of the sliding plug deviates UOward from the centre-line of the barrel 8. OMPI As taught by the invention, the centre of gravi 9 of the sliding plug 4 is located forward of the wrist pivoting point of the hand holding the handle 2, and thus the weapon, when the sliding plug is in its forward position and pressed against the rear end 10 of the barrel 3. In the embodiment depicted, the sliding plug projects partly, preferably with its main part, forward of the rear end 10 of the barrel 3, and the centre of gravity 9 of the sliding plug is located forward of the rear end of said barrel, as far forward as possible. When the weapon of the invention is used, the massive sliding plug 4, urged forward by the return sprin 6, is cocked in its rear position with the aid of the cocking mechanism (not depicated) so that the sliding plug remains in the rear position, held by a cocking step or shoulder (not depicted) which is part of the firing mechanism. When the weapon is fired by its trigger the obstacle retaining the sliding plug 4 in the rear position is removed and the cocking spring 6 flings the sliding plug forward, whereby the cartridge engager or shoulder 20 provided on the lower margin of the sliding plug hits against the top margin of the uppermost cartridge 18 in the ammunition box 17, which is thus pulled along with the sliding plug and thrust into the cartridge chamber 21 of the barrel 3. On reaching its forward position, i.e. , when the cartridge engager 20 abuts on the rear end 10 of the barrel 3 and against the base of the cartridge that has been pushed into the chamber 21, an integral firing pin (not depicted) provided on the sliding plug 4 strikes against the cap of the cartridge,, causing ignition of the powder charge. The ener released as the powder charge burns acts partly on the bullet, causing the bullet to fly out of the barrel, and partly on the sliding plug 4, giving rise to the recoil pushing the sliding plug back. Since the rearward path of motion of the sliding plug 4 deviates upward from the centre-line 8 of the barrel 3 and the centre of gravity 9 of the sliding plug is located forward of the handle 2 , the sliding plug is pushed by the recoil, not at all straight rearward but obliquely upward, forced thereto by the sliding plug guide. Therefore the sliding plug's movement that has been forced obliquely upward and the placement of the sliding plug's centre of gravity as taught by the invention give rise to a moment turning downwards the front end of the weapon and thus preventing the barrel from rising up during firing. The said advantageous effect is manifest both when the weapon is adjusted for continuous fire and. in the case that single rounds are fired. In the embodiment of Fig. 1, the sliding plug 4 moves so that its main part comes to lie forward of the rear end 10 of the barrel, that is to encircle the barrel. Further, in the embodiment presented, the centre of gravit 9 of the sliding plug 4 is located forward of the rear end 10 of the barrel 3. Fig. 2 shows the structure of the slid plug in top view. Thus, the sliding plug forms a hollow 14 for the barrel 3; moreover, the sliding plug has been disposed to move its main part forward of the rear end 10 of the barrel, with the barrel in said hollow. In the embodiment of Fig. 1, the guide 5 of the sliding plug 4 forms forward fo the weapon's point of support, that is of the handle 2, an obliquely downward inclined guiding surface 11, and the sliding plug forms a similarly, obliquely forward and downward running mating furface.12. The downward inclination of the guiding surface 11 and mating surface 12 deviates from the inclina of the guide 5 of the sliding plug 4 towards the direction of the normal on the sliding plug and/or the barrel, in ot words, the guiding surface 11 and mating surface 12 are more steeplydownward inclined than the guide 5. The said guiding surface 11 and mating surface 12 cooperate so that as the sliding plug moves rearward the mating surface hits against the guiding surface, thereby causing the sliding plug to be pushed powerfully upward, which in its turn causes a reaction, that is, powerful downward dipping of the guiding surface 11 and thus of the weapon' front end. Therefore the action of the guiding surface 11 of the guide and that of the mating surface 12 of the sliding plug having an inclination steeper than the guide 5 of the sliding plug 4 enhances the weapon's barrel-dipping feature even further. In the embodiment depicted in Fig. 4, the guide 5 of the sliding plug 4 is substantially parallel with the centre-line 8 of the barrel 3. Forward of the weapon' point of support, i.e., of the handle 2, the guide forms an obliquely forward and downward inclined guiding surfac 11, and the sliding plug forms a corresponding, obliquely forward and downward inclined mating surface 12. In other words, the guide 5 of the sliding plug ascends rearward at the guiding surface 11, whereby when the sliding plug slides rearward as the weapon is fired, the mating surface 12 hits against the guiding surface 11, and this causes the sliding plug to be pushed powerfully upward. Therefore the path of the sliding plug will deviate upward from the centre-line 8 of the barrel. This impact of the mating surface 12 with the guiding surface 11 causes the guiding surface 11 and the forward end of the weapon to dip strongly downward. In Figs 1 and 4, the shape of the guiding surfac 11 of the sliding plug is curved, thus conforming to the mating surface 12 on the sliding plug 4. In contrast, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the guiding surface 11 is straight, conforming to the shape and inclination of the mating surface on the sliding plug 4. In Figs 1 and 4, the weapon's cocking spring 6 with its guide spindle 14 has been attached in verticall pivoting manner in the rear portion of the weapon so that the guide spindle pushing through an aperture 15 provided in the upper part of the sliding plug 4 can move pivotally a certain distance upward along with the sliding plug during the initial period of the sliding OMPI plug's rearward movement, at which phase the guiding surface 11 deviating from the general inclination of the sliding plug's guide 5, and the corresponding mating surface on the sliding plug, causes the sliding plug to jump upward as has been described. The guiding surface 11 of the guide 5 deviates in such manner from the centre-line and inclination of the barrel 3 that the inclination is for instance between 5 and 45 , possibly even more. The mating surface 12 on the sliding plug 4 may have an inclination consistent with that of the guiding surface on the guide 5; alter¬ natively, the mating surface may consist of a shoulder projecting downward abruptly, e.g. at an angle of 90 , from the sliding plug. Alternatively, the mating surface of the sliding plug 4 may subtend a relatively small angle, e.g. between 5 and 30°, with the centre-line 8 of the barrel 3, and on the guide 5 has been provided a shoulder projecting abruptly upwards, e.g. at an angle ooff 9900°,, to the purpose of producing a downward turning moment. The embodiment examples are meant to illustrate the invention without in any way confining it.

Claims: CLAIMS 1. Automatic, mass-obturated hand firearm comprising a body (1) with handle (2) , a barrel (3) joined to the body, a sliding plug (4) with guide (5) constituted by the body and with return spring (6) , and a cocking and firing mechanism (7) , where the guide of the sliding plug ascends rearwards so that the rearward path of motion of the sliding plug deviates upward from the centre-line (8) of the barrel, c h a r a c t e r i z in that when the sliding plug (4) is in its forward position its centre of gravity (9) is located forward of the handle (2) . 2. Hand firearm according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the sliding plug (4) pushes at least in part to be forward of the rear end (10) of the barrel (3) . 3. Hand firearm according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the centre of gravity (9) of the sliding plug (4) is located forward of the rear end (10) of the barrel (3) . 4. Hand firearm according to any one of claims 1-3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the guide (5) of the sliding plug (4) forms an obliquely forward and downward inclined surface on which the sliding plug has been disposed to rest and to cooperate therewith so that when the rearwardly directed recoil force acts on the sliding plug this plug moves rearward and the lower surface of the sliding plug hits against the surface of the guide, producing on the body (1) a moment turning the muzzle (13) of the barrel (3) downwards. 5. Hand firearm according to any one of claims 1-4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the forward end of the sliding plug (4) forms a hollow (14) for the rear end (10) of the barrel (3) and that the sliding plug has been disposed to push at least in part to be forward of the rear end of the barrel, with the barrel within said hollow. 6. Hand firearm according to any one of claims 1-5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the sliding plug (4) pushes with its main part coming to lie forward of the rear end (10) of the barrel (3) . 7. Hand firearm according to any one of claims 1-6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the guide (5) of the sliding plug (4) constitutes forward of the weapon point of support, preferably as close to the muzzle (13) of the barrel as possible, a guiding surface (11) and the sliding plug constitutes a mating surface (12) which has been disposed to rest against said guiding surface, and which guiding surface and mating surface deviate from the general inclination of the sliding plug and guid downward toward the direction of the normal on the slidin plug and/or the barrel, the guiding surface and mating surface having been disposed to cooperate so that when the rearwardly directed recoil force acts on the sliding plug this plug will move rearward and the mating surface will hit against the guiding surface causing to the body (1) a moment turning the muzzle (13) of the barrel (3) downward.

Inventors: TIMARI JALI, TIMARI, JALI
Applicants: IKAPLAST, IKAPLAST KY JALI TIMARI
Application year: 1982
Main classification: F41C21
IPC codes: F41A3, F41A21