METHOD OF MANUFACTURING METALLIC WIRE PRODUCTS BY DIRECT CASTING OF MOLTEN METAL,AND APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD

Abstract: A method, Fig. 1, of applying a coat (8) of metal on a metal wire (2) with substantially the same melting point as the metal, where the wire (2) by means of uncoiling reel (1) and coiling reel (17) is passed through a bath (4) of molten metal of said metal contained in a container, casting box or the like (3). Said wire (2) is passed from the uncoiling reel (1) and thereafter introduced into the bath (4). The method is characterized in that the wire (2) is passed out of the bath (4) through an outlet hole (6) in the bottom (5) of the container (3). The diameter or corresponding dimension of the outlet hole (6) is substantially, preferably 1.5 to 2 times greater than the diameter or corresponding dimension of the wire (2), whereby molten metal is caused to flow along the wire (2). The method further is characterized in that the molten metal flown out (8) is cooled by a cooling device (9, 10) to solidify to a coat (8) on the wire (2), whereafter the wire (2) with the coat (8) is coiled on the coiling reel (17). The invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method.

Description: Method of manufacturing metallic wire products by direct casting of molten metal, and apparatus for- carrying out the method This invention relates to a method of manufacturing metallic wire products by direct casting, i. e. a method at which molten metal is caused to directly solidify to a wire - shaped product of substantial length, and a coat of metal is poured or applied on a metal wire . The invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method. At conventional metal wire manufacturing methods, where the term wire is understood to refer to a product having relatively small cross -sectional area and substantial length, a bath of the metal is cast batchwise to ingots or continuously to strands, which are divided transver s ely to their longitudinal direction into wire billets. The ingots and, re spectively, billets have a cros s - sectional area of about 2 10 000 mm or more and are hot rolled in rolling mills to suitable cros s -sectional dimensions , which for steel normally are round with a diameter of 5 to 9 mm. The wire thus produced is subjected to further treatment by being drawn in cold state. The manufacturing method schematically de scribed above is very expensive and involves material losses . The rolling mill equipment a. o. is extensive, because the difference between the cros s -sectional area of the starting material, i. e. ingots and, re spectively, billets, and the cros s -sectional area of the hot- rolled wire is great and requires a great number of pas ses . The material, be sides, must have good machinability, which primarily depends on the analysis of the material and, therefore, implies re strictions from a material point of view. A satisfactorily operating method of direct wire casting where a relatively small cross -section is cast substantially continuously, therefore, must offer a great number of obvious technical and economic advantage s . At pre sent no method exists by which the considerable technical problems involved in such a dire ct ca sting proces s have been solved, and, therefore, no method is applied in commercial production, either. One known te sted method of direct casting is the Mi chelin proces s , at BU R E A / "" " which a jet of molten metal is pre s sed, out at high pre s sure " through a small aperture, nozzle, whereby under favourable conditions "a wire of about 0, 2 mm diameter can be formed. - -- -- . • By maintaining a high silicium content in the bath and by surrounding the jet with an oxygen gas atmospher e, according to Michelin an oxid shell is formed which holds the jet together until it has solidified. The method, which so far has been tested only on a laboratory s cale, is very difficult to control. It, further, permits production of only very, thin wire and requires high silicium contents in the wire mate - rial. Other direct casting methods have been tested, at which primarily a rapidly solidifying structure of the wire is desired. ^ In the se cases very small dimensions are endeavoured, and promising results have been obtained on a laborator scale with alloys having a low liquidus temperature, i. e. temperature of commencing solidification. Due to the small dimensions, however, these methods are -without interest from a production aspect for "normal" products and material types. Methods for the manufacture of steel fibres from a molten. bath are known and have been developed close to commercial production. At these methods a wheel is rotated so that a portion of its periphery is immersed in the bath. It was, however, found unfeasible to manufac ure in this way a coherent wire with acceptable cros s -section. A further method known is "dip forming", which is used for applying a very pure outer coat of copper on copper wire. It was found possible by this method to "freeze on" a coat on a wire by dipping the wire into a molten bath of the- same material as the wire. For- technic al reasons, however, this method is not adapted for us e on steel. Th method ' rather is to be regarded as a method of surface coating. Conclusively one may say, that in spite of the obvious technical and- economic advantages implied in the direct casting of steel wire prod¬ ucts, no working method is yet available. In principle, the simplest method of manufacturing wire by direct casting should be to cause the molten metal to flow out thr ough an opening, a so-called nozzle, of a container and thereby to form a coherent jet intended to solidify to a wire. It involves, however, -• . . problems unsolved so far how to cause such a jet to solidify to wire .of desired dimensions. Due to the high surface tension of the steel, a strong tendency of breaking-up the jet into droplets arises, because from an energetic aspect the form of droplets is more favourable for 5 the bath. This tendency further is favoured by requirements on de ¬ creasing diameters, owing to the accelerating effect of gravity on the jet in combination with requirements on constant volume. The present invention relates to a simple solution of the aforesaid problems in connection with the outflow of molten metal, where a wire 10 continuously runs out through said opening or nozzle. The wire is enclosed by the molten metal in the jet and stabilizes the jet for so long a period as required by the molten metal to solidify, whereby a continuous -wire is obtained, the diameter of which exceeds the dia ¬ meter of the wire running-out, supplied. The proces s can be con- 15 trolled by adjusting a. o. the height of the molten metal, i. e. the bath depth, the running -out rate of the wire and the temperature of the bath. The pre sent invention, thus , relates to a method of manufacturing metallic wire products by the direct casting of molten metal, which 20 in form of a bath is contained in a container , casting box or the like , and molten metal in the form of a jet is caused to freely flow out " through an outflow hole in the bottom of the container. The method is characterized in that the jet flowing out through the outflow hole is stabilized by means of a wire of a metal having sub- 25 stantially the same melting point as the metal in the bath, that the diameter or corresponding dimension of the outflow hole is substanti¬ ally, preferably 1 , 5 to 2 times greater than the diameter of corres - " ponding dimension of the wire, and that the wire is transported at least at a rate corresponding substantially to the rate of the molten metal 30 flowing through the outflow hole, whereafter the wire and the molten -;■■■ metal surrounding the wire are cooled and collected. The invention also relate s to an apparatus for carrying out the method as defined in the attached claim 1. The apparatus is characterized in that a container, casting box or the 35 like include s a bath of molten metal, that an uncoiling reel is located above or on the same level as the container, from which reel the wire is intended to run and be introduced into the container, that in the bottom of the container or casting box an outlet hole is located, the diameter or corresponding dimension of which exceeds the dia- meter or corresponding dimension of the wire and preferably is 1 , 5 to 2 times greater, through which outlet hole the wire is intended to be pres sed out of the container, and through which outlet hole molte metal in the container is intended to flow out along the wire, that a cooling device is provided to cool the molten metal flown out so that it solidifies to a coat on the wire, and that a coiling reel is provided for coiling the wire with the solidified coat. The invention is de scribed in greater detail in the following, with reference to the accompanying drawings , in which Fig. 1 is a vertical section through a schematically .shown first embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the invention, Fig. 2 is a vertical section through an outlet hole, nozzle, of the apparatus according to Fig. 1 , shown in greater detail, Fig. 3 is a vertical section through a schematically shown portion o a second embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention. Fig. 4 is a vertical section through a s chematically shown portion o a third embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the method ac¬ cording to the invention, Fig. 5 is a vertical section through a schematically shown portion o a fourth embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the method ac¬ cording to the invention, Fig. 6 is a vertical section through a s chematically shown second embodiment of an outlet opening according to the invention. In Fig. 1 the numeral 1 de signate s an uncoiling reel or the like, fro which a metal wire 2 is to run off. The uncoiling reel 1 may be a wire_magazine, but may als o be a block, to which wire from a maga zine is taken and intended to run off from the block. Preferably beneath or on the same level as the uncoiling reel 1 a container 3, a so-called casting box 3 or the like, is located which i intended to hold a bath 4 of molten metal to be applied on the wire 2. In the bottom 5 of the container 3 an outlet hole 6 for molten metal i located, for example in a so-called nozzle 7 or the like, which nozzle consists, for example, of a perforated ceramic insert 7 in the bottom 5 of the container 3. The wire 2 is intended to be introduced into the bath 4, to be pa ssed ■ therethrough and out of the bath 4 and container 3 through the outlet hole 6, which has a diameter or corre sponding dimension exceeding substantially the diameter or corre sponding dimension of the wire 2. Thus, molten metal is intended to flow out of the bath 4 through the outlet hole 6 along the wire 2 and to form a coat 8 about the wire 2. Preferably beneath the container 3 a cooling device is provided which substantially comprises a container 9 or the like with a coolant 10, such as a liquid or melt. Through said coolant 10 the wire 2 with the coat 8 of molten metal flown-out is intended to be pas sed. In many cases a coolant is preferred which at the contact with the coat does not vaporize. The container 9 is arranged in a way suitable for the purpose , for example upwardly open and having a hole 1 1 in its bottom 12 where preferably a sealing 13 of a suitable kind is located in connection to the hole 1 1 for sealing against the wire 2 with the coat 8, as appears from Fig. 1 . The cooling device 9, 10 preferably is de signed for circulation of cool¬ ant 10 by means of a collecting container 14 and a return conduit 16 provided with a pump 1 6, as schematically indicated in fig. 1 . The wire 2 with said coat 8, after having pas s ed through the cooling device 9, 10, is coiled on a coiling reel 17. At this time the coat 8 is supposed to have solidified. In Fig. 2 the outlet hole 6 , nozzle 7 and wire 2 with coat 8 are shown in greater detail. In Fig. 3 , which refers to a second embodiment of an apparatus ac - cording- to the invention and where the cooling device 9, 10 is not shown, the numeral 1 8 de signates a pipe or the like of, for example, ceramic material, which pipe 18 is immers ed into said bath 4 of molten metal. The pipe 18 is located so that its upper mouth 19 pre ¬ ferably is located above the upper surface 20 of the bath 4, and its lower mouth 21 is located in connection to the outlet hole 6 in the bottom 5 of the container 3. Through said pipe 18 the wii e 2 is intend ed to be introduced into the bath 4. The pipe 18 preferably can be lifted and lowered, and its lower mouth 21 preferably is de signed and intended for sealing against the container 3 on the inside 22 thereof at said outflow hole 6, so that the outflow of molten metal from the bath 4 through the outlet hole 6 can be adjusted and/or shut off completely by means, of said pipe 18. The pipe 18 can be disposed and designed as shown in Fig. 4 where a coolant 23 , such as liquid argon, is to be introduced into the pipe 18 and intended to cool the wire 2 at its pas sage through the pipe 18. The pipe 18 here is formed, for example, with an opening 24 close to its upper mouth 19, through which opening the coolant 23 can be supplied under pre ssure via a feed conduit 25. It is, of course, possible to provide several openings 24 and feed conduits 25. The numeral 26 designates a sealing between the wire and the pipe 18 at the upper mouth 19 of the pipe where the wire 2 is intended to be introduced. The pipe may be de signed as shown in Fig. 5 where radially directed holes 27 are located slightly above the lower mouth of the pipe, throug which holes molten metal from the bath 4 is intended to be supplied to the pipe and -wire. In Fig. 6 showing a further embodiment of an outlet hole 6 the numera 28 designates a cooling casing of, for example, copper located at the bottom 5 and intended to be flown through by a coolant 29 , where the outlet hole 6 is a hole formed by the cooling casing 28 as shown in Fig. 6. The outlet hole 6 here preferably is substantially conic and tapering to the outer surface of the container 3 , whereby it is pos sible to compres s a coat 30, which already in the bath 4 has been frozen on the wire 2. In connection to said outlet hole 6, irrespe ctive of its spe cific design, means of known kind can be provided for the generation of magneto- -hydrodyna ic (MHD) force fields, for example as shown in Fig. 2, which fields are de signated by 31. The MHD means are arranged so that the molten metal fl owing out through the outlet hole 6 can be braked, and that generated braking force can be varied. The MHD means further contribute to quiet solidification and a uniform surface of the solidified coat. The apparatus according to the invention operate s as follows . The wire 2 to be applied with a coat of metal is pas s ed from the un- coiling reel 1 down into the bath 4 of molten metal in the container 3 , which metal is intended to be applied on the wire 2. The wire 2 thereafter is pas sed out of the bath 4 through the outlet hole 6 in the bottom 5 of the container 3. The outlet hole 6 has a diameter or corresponding dimension which substantially exceeds the diameter or corresponding dimension of the wire 2. Molten metal flows out through the outlet hole and along the wire, which acts coherently on the jet and prevents the jet from being broken-up into droplets. The said jet constituting a coat of molten metal, thus , is applied on the wire where said coat -will have a thicknes s depending a. o. on the diameter of the outlet hole in relation to the diameter of the wire. The method include s the solidification of said molten metal coat, and, therefore, the temperature of the molten metal must be lowered, preferably by forced cooling, at first below the temperature for commencing cooling, the so -called liquidus temperature, and then below the temperature for complete solidification, the so - called solidus temperature. The cooling is effected in several ways . The molten metal coat is cooled partly "from inside" the wire, provided that the wire has a lower temperature than the coat, and partly by surrounding medium, for example air, after the outflow out of the outlet hole. The main cooling, however, takes place forced - when the wire is passed through the container 9 with coolant 10, where the coolant is a liquid, for example water or melt. The wire with applied solidified coat pas ses out through a hole provided with s ealing in the container bottom, whereafter the -wire with the coat is coiled by means of the coiling reel 17. ~ Coolant pos sibly leaking is collected and r eturned to the container 9 -when deemed suitable and pos sible. The nece s sary cool¬ ing effect of the cooling device varies with the volume to be cooled per time unit, i. e. with the coat thicknes s and rate of the wire . The cool- ing effect can be adjusted according to demand a. o. by varying the bath depth in the container, where said effect increase s with the bath depth. It can also be imagined to pas s the wire in some form of loop through the container whereby the staying time in the bath and thereby the cooling effect increases . The cooling, of course, also can be carried out in s everal other ways . Liquid or gas, for example, may be sprayed against the wire. Also contact cooling can be imagined where the wire with the coat is pas sed between cooled rolls or the like. It is, of course, pos sible to comb¬ ine several cooling methods . Generally applies that the cooling must be adjusted so that the coat of molten metal has solidified substantially completely prior to the coil¬ ing. At a definite cooling effect, this implied restrictions with respect to coat thickness and -wire rate. Certain conditions or re strictions also are involved with the pas sage of the wire through the bath 4 of molten metal prior to the application of said coat of molten metal. The wire, for example, of course must not be caused to melt at the pas sage through the bath. When the material in the molten metal is the same as in the wire, the exposure time of the wire in the bath must be so short that the temperature of the -wire cannot increase to the solidus temperature for the material. The exposure time can be reduced by increasing the wire rate, but then the cooling must be taken into consideration, be cause as ment¬ ioned before the requirements of cooling are higher the higher the wire rate is. The exposure time also may be reduced by shortening the distance through whkh the wire is pas sed through the bath. This preferably is brought about by introducing the wire into the bath be ¬ neath its surface and clos e to the outlet hole. This is the function of the pipe 18 at the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 where the lower mouth of the pipe is intended to be held close to the outlet hole, and the inner diameter of the pipe only insignificantly exceeds the diameter of the wire, _so that molten metal does " not arise in the pipe due to the small space between the -wire and the inner wall of the pipe and due to the movement of the wire. This is also the main function of the pipe 18 at the embodiment shown in Fig. 4. According to this embodiment the wire is also cooled by the coolant 23 , which for example consi sts of liquid argon. The coolant 23 is introduced into the pipe under pre ssure and prevents molten metal from arising in the pipe. The cooling of the wire reduces the risk of melting. This is also the main function of the embodiment according to Fig. 5 where the pipe slightly above its lower mouth is provided with the radially dire cted holes, through which molten metal from the bath is supplied to the pipe and wire. In a corresponding manner as at the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the coolant is introduced into the pipe whereby molten metal is prevented from arising in the pipe at the same time as the wire is cooled. The embodiment according to Fig. 6 refer s to case s, i. e. to such process conditions, where freezing -on of metal on the -wire is obtain¬ ed already in the bath. The cooling casing 28 in this case is a tool, which a. o. by its conic shape tapering to the outside of the container and by choosing a sufficiently small diameter or corre sponding dimension of its outlet opening compre s ses the freezed -on coat, i. e. reduces the coat thickness . At the same time, the coat and molten metal flowing out are cooled. As indicated above , there exist, thus , a great number of pos sible combinations of conditions, under which said coat of molten metal can be applied and caused to solidify on the wire. Important parameters are a. o. the temperature of the wire, the liquidus and solidus temp¬ erature s of the -wire, the temperature of the molten metal in the bath, the liquidus and solidus temperature s of the molten metal, the therm¬ al diffusivity of the molten metal, the diameter of the outlet hole in relation to the wire diameter, the temperature of pos sible coolant and the heat transfer coefficient with re spect to heat transfer between the coat and the coolant. Of great importance, of cours e, is also the rate at which the wire is pas sed through the bath and outlet hole, and the exposure time of the wire in the bath. Here also the height or depth of the bath has some effect under certain conditions . Of great importance for the function of the proce s s , of cour se, is the diameter or corre sponding dimension of the outlet hole 6 in relation to the diameter or corresponding dimension of the wire 2. The thick ¬ ne s s of the coat of molten metal being applied, namely, corre sponds substantially to the difference between the radius of the outlet hole and the wire radius . Under definite conditions in general, there exists, of course, a limit for the thickness of the coat to be applied. In the Table below examples of condition combinations are shown, under which the method can be carried out. It is characteristic of said combinations , that the temperature of the molten metal is held only slightly higher than the liquidus temperature of the molten meta which facilitates the solidification, and that the wire rate and the thickness of the coat applied have been adjusted so that rea sonable requirements are raised on cooling after they have left the bath. In the Table the terms as follows apply. 0 - wire diameter (mm) 0 = outlet hole diameter (mm) u T = temperature of molten metal in the bath ( C) -. T, = liquidus temperature of the molten metal ( C) " Wire material Molten tf 0 v T T, , , r t u s i metal material (mm) (mm) (m/s) ( C) ( C) 1. Carbon steel Carbon steel 0, 5 1 , 0 10 1535 1 51 5 SIS 2114 SIS 2114 2. Carbon steel Stainles s 1 , 0 2, 0 5 1450 1420 SIS 2114 steel SIS 2343 3. Stainless steel Stainless 0 , 2 0, 4 30 1450 1405 SIS 2562 steel SIS 2562 The rate of the wire 2 can be higher than the rate of the molten metal 8 through the outlet hole 6, whereby a thinner product is obtained tha if the rate of the wire 2 would correspond to the rate of the molten metal. The diameter of the outlet hole preferably is 1 , 5 to 2 times greater than the wire diameter. The proportions , however, can be varied within wide limits by varying the remaining parameters . As will have become apparent from the afore said, the method accord ing to the invention offers a solution of the problems involved with th direct casting of wire. The method provides excellent pos sibilitie s o controlling the casting proces s where the proces s conditions can be -- \L Cv - \\ -. varied within wide limits. It is apparent that several variants of the method and embodiments of the apparatus according to the invention can be imagined without abandoning the invention idea. The material in the wire, for example, can be selected so that it has a solidus temperature, which exceeds or is close to the temperature of the molten metal, whereby the risk of wire melting is eliminated or reduced. The object of different materials in the wire and in the bath also may be to give the outer coat of the completed wire better properties, for example with respect to corrosion resistance, than of the wire interi¬ or. This is a way of reducing material costs. A stainles s steel, for example, can be applied to a wire of unalloyed or low alloyed steel. Substantially different properties of the wire 2 and the cast coat also can be obtained by adjusting the coat thickness and cooling so, that the solidification proceeds extremely rapidly. Hereby an amorphous or substantially amorphous structure can be obtained which has extremely good strength properties. In order to control the outflow of molten metal through the outlet hole, the molten metal, bath, can be subjected to pres sure, whereby the outflow can be controlled by controlling the pressure. The uncoiling reel can be placed on the same level as or below the container for the bath, in such a manner that the wire is pas sed down into the bath via pulleys or the like. This is a way of holding short the total extension in vertical direction of the apparatus. In a corresp¬ onding way the wire, via pulleys or the like, can be pas sed out hori¬ zontally to the coiling reel, where at least a part of the cooling device may consist of a bath or the like in a horizontal groove or the like. The invention, thus, must not be regarded restricted to the above e bodi- mentε. of the method and apparatus, but can be varied within the scope of the attached claims.

Claims: Claims 1. A method of manufacturing metallic wire products by direct cast¬ ing of molten metal, at which the molten metal in the form of a bath is contained in a container, casting box or the like, and where molten metal in the form of a jet is caused to freely flow out through an out¬ let hole in the bottom of the container, characterized in that the jet flowing out through the outlet hole (6) is caused to be stabiliz¬ ed by means of a wire (2) of a metal having substantially the same melting point as the metal in the bath (4), that the diameter or corresponding dimension of the outlet hole (6) is substantially, pre¬ ferably 1, 5 to 2 times greater than the diameter or corresponding dimension of the wire (2), and that the wire (2) is transported at at least a rate which substantially corresponds to the rate of the molten metal (8) through the outlet hole (6), whereafter the wire (2) and the molten metal (8) flown out and surrounding the -wire (2) are cooled and collected. 2. A method as defined in claim 1, characterized in- that the wire (2) is introduced into the bath (4) by means of a pipe (18) of ceramic or similar material, where the wire (2) is passed through the pipe (18) and hereby introduced into the pipe (18) at the upper mouth (19) thereof, which is located above the upper surface (20) of the bath (4) and is moved out of the pipe at the lower mouth (21) thereof, which is located in connection to said outlet hole (6) for the molten metal. 3. A method as defined in claim 2, characterized in that the wire (2) during the passage through the pipe (18) is cooled by means of a coolant (23), such as liquid argon, included in the pipe (18). 4. A method as defined in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that a coat (30) of metal from the molten metal (4) is caused to freeze-on the wire (2) already in the bath (4), for example in that the temperature of the molten metal is held insignificantly above the liquidus temperature of the molten metal and/or in that the wire is cooled before it is brought into contact with the bath (4), and that the thickness of said metal coat (30) frozen on the -wire in connection v/ith the passage through the outlet hole (6) is reduced by means of a conic ally shaped outlet hole (6). 5. An apparatus for carrying out the method as defined in claim 1, characterized in that a container, casting box or the like (3) includes a bath (4) of molten metal of said metal, that an uncoiling reel (1) is located above or on the same level as said container (3), from which reel (1) said wire (2) runs off for being introduced into said container (3), that in the bottom of said container or casting box (3) an outlet hole (6) is located, the diameter or corresponding dimen ¬ sion of which considerably exceeds the diameter or corresponding dimension of the wire (2) and preferably is 1, 5 to 2 times greater, through which outlet hole (6) said wire (2) is intended to be passed out from said container (3), and through which outlet hole (6) molten metal (4) in the container (3) is intended to flow out along said wire (2), that a cooling device (9, 10) is provided to cool said flown out molten metal (8) so as to solidify to a coat (8) on said wire (2), and that a coiling reel (17) is provided for coiling the wire (2) with said solidi¬ fied coat (8). 6. An apparatus as defined in claim 5, characterized in that preferably beneath said container (3) a cooling device (9, 10) is locat¬ ed, which substantially comprises a container (9) or the like with coolant (10), such as a liquid or melt (10), which in a suitable way known per se is maintained liquid, through which liquid or melt (10) the wire (2) -with molten metal flown out is intended to be passed, and the container (9) is arranged suitably for this purpose, for example upwardly open and provided with a hole (11) provided with sealing in its bottom (12), and that, when required, means (14, 15, 16) for recirculating and/or cooling said coolant (10) are provided. 7. An apparatus as defined in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a pipe (18) or the like, for example of ceramic material, is arranged immersed into said bath (4) of molten metal so, that the upper mouth (19) of the pipe (18) is located above the upper surface (20) of the bath (4), and the lower mouth (21) of the pipe is located in connection to the outlet hole (6) in the bottom (5) of the container or casting box (3), through which pipe (18) the wire (2) is intended to be introduced into the bath (4), that said pipe (18) preferably can be lifted and lowered, and that its lower mouth (21) preferably is de¬ signed so as at said outlet hole (6) to seal against the inside (22) of the container, so that the outflow of molten metal through the outlet hole (6) can be controlled and/or cut-off entirely by means of the pipe (18). 8. An apparatus as defined in claim 7, characterized in that said pipe (18) is arranged so that a coolant (23) intended to cool the wire (2) at the passage through the pipe (18), for example liquid argon, can be introduced into the same, and for example is provided with one or more openings (24) close to its upper mouth (19), through which opening or openings coolant (23) can be supplied under pressure and provided with a sealing (26) bet-ween the wire (2) and the pipe (18) at its upper mouth (19) where the wire (2) is intended to be introduced into the pipe (18). 9. An apparatus as defined in claim 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that in connection to said outlet hole (6) means (31) of a kind know per se are provided for generating magneto -hydrodynamic force fields so that the molten metal flowing out through the outlet hole (6) can be braked, and that generated braking force can be varied. ' . _"- -

Inventors: EKEROT S
Applicants: EKEROT S
Application year: 1981
Main classification: B22D19
IPC codes: B22D19, B22D23, C23C2