APPARATUS FOR TREATING LIQUIDS

Abstract: Apparatus for the treatment of liquids, in particular for the biological purification of household-sewage and/or industrial sewages containing organic contaminations, further or for the aeration and/or sedimentation of liquids. In the circular, quadratic or elongated oblong basin receiving the liquid a path recurring in itself is formed by means of one or more partition walls. For moving the liquid in a horizontal and/or horizontal and vertical direction propellers and/or rotors with a horizontal and/or vertical axle are used. For the aeration of the liquid one or more aerators with a horizontal or vertical axle and/or one or more fixed air-blowers are applied. In sense of the invention one or more secondary sedimentators in a longitudinal arrangement or with a circular top-view, provided with oblique lamellae, are connected directly to the object or are assembled therewith.

Description: Apparatus for treating liquids Technical field The invention concerns a apparatus for the treatment o liquids, in particular for the biological purification of household-sewage and/or industrial sewages containin organic cotainina ions, furtheron for the aeration and/o 5 sedimentation of liquids, in which in the circular, quadratic or elongated oblong basin receiving the liqui a path recurring to itself is formed by means of one or more partition walls, while or moving the liquid in a horizontal and/or in a horizontal and vertical directio 10 one or more propellers and/or rotors with a horizontal and/or vertical a le are used, whereas for the aeration of the liquid one or more aerators with a horizontal or vertical axle and/or one or more fixed air blowers are applied. 15 Background art The so-called biological sewage treatment systems are well-known, in which thfe dissolved prganic substances are removed from the liquid or sewage in such a manner, that the sewage is led into the aerating basin having 20 been saturated with the mass of activated sludge with bacteria; the aerated sewage is led into the secondary sedimentation basin, where the sludge is separated by sedimentation and recirculated into the aerating basin, while the purified water is discharged from the system. 25. An Appratus and a method of this kind are already known from the Hungarian patent ITo. 166 160, which are serving for the circulation and aeration of liquids in course of the operation of biological sewage treat¬ ment plants i.e. oxidating trenches. In this known 0 installation the streaming energy of the liquid to be treated is increased by means of a pump and by using the liquid with the increased energy a water-^et pump is actuated, while air is introduced through the pump-wheel. In course of said process aeration and cir- 5 culation are not separated. An apparatus is already known from German patent ITo. 2418 586. In this known installation biological sewage treatment can be carried out e.g. in a pool, dividing the water surface into pathways by means of separation walls. In the path, in a predeterminated mutual distance from each other, air-water injecting means are produc¬ ing a horizontal stream (the water is allowed to stream in a horizontal direction). In this case aeration and circulation are not separated either. The German Patent DE-OS 2816 390 is describing a sewage treatment plant using the activated sludge- process, in which several aerating trenches running parallel and having been connected in series are inter¬ connected by means of the sections of circular arches (90° or 180°). At the ends of the separation walls se¬ parating the single aerating trenches aerating wheels with a vertical axle are arranged, while in every second trench pipe-propellers with a horizontal axle are to be found. Accordingly, " with this process circulation of the liquid and aeration have been already separated. The system is known as the Carrousel-system. The known biological sewage treatment plants using activated sludge do not solve optimally the task of aeration and sedimentation. Efficiency is low regard- ing both to energy utilization and purification, simultaneously space requirement is large, at the same time several drawbacks are involved in respect to operational technics. Disclosure of Invention The aim of the invention is partly to eliminate the dis¬ advantages of the known plants serving for the treatment and purification of liquids, sewages, partly to provide an apparatus, which - when compared to the known solu¬ tions - is working with a higher efficiency and incre- ased economicalness. A further task lies in to enable the better utilization space, the so-called intensification, representing a con siderable problem all over the world. So e.g. on worId- scale several thousands of the so-called oxidizing trenc are operated, the majority of which is overburdened, acc ingly, problems relating to enlarging have to be confron with. Often the erection of a new installation becomes i possible because of lack of space. By using the inventio problems of said character can be successfully solved. A further task of the invention lies in to ensure better oxygen introduction and to promote energy savings. In sence of the invention the task set is solved in such a manner that one or more secondary sedimentato s in a longitudinal arrangement or with a circular top-view, provided with obligue lamellae are connected directly to the object or are assembled therewith. The invention is based on the recognition, in so far as biological treatment of liquids and sewages, respectivel by using the purification system with the activated sludge known in itself may be realized only by a horizon tal flow taking place in channels recurring into them¬ selves, simultaneously economicalness of the process can be ensured only by separating oxygen introduction and circulatioji. Oxygen introduction may be automatized e.g. by changing the speed of rotation of the aerating wheel with a vertical axle. Several further conceptions are joined with the basic conception having been detailed above resulting in efficient and economical combined apparatuses, whether they are used individually or jointed. In a preferred embodiment of the invention in the basin receiving the sewage there is an aerating wheel with a vertical axle arranged; the basin itself consists of the transverse-flow aerating channels starting radially from said wheel having been separated by walls lying expedient perpendicularly to each other. At the ends of the partit walls there is an aerating wheel each arranged, provided with vertical axles. In the direction of the flow, in th channels lying behind the aerating wheels with the verti axle there is expediently a propeller each with a horizo tal axle. In the space between the channels lying advant geously perpendicularly to each other, there is a second sedimentator with oblique lamellae, showing a circular t view. It seems to be advantageous, if at least the centrally a ranged aerating wheel is operated with a speed of rotati which can be automatically changed in dependence of the prevailing oxygen demand. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention an annular circular aerating channel is used, in which hori zontal aerating rotors with radially arranged axles are arranged. In the middle-part, within the channel there i a central secondary sedimentator with a system of obliqu lamellae. Expediently, the cnetral sedimentator is provi with a known sludge-dredger performing a rotary motion, while the oblique lamella-system is suspended onto the floats having been connected to said dredger * The basin of the Carrousel-system known in itself can be advantageously used, in which at the ends of the partiti walls of the parallel running aerating channels having been connected in series, the aerating wheels with a ver tical axle are to be found. In the flow direction, in th channels behind said wheels propellers with a horizontal axle are arranged. The longitudinally arranged secondary sedimentator with the oblique lamellae, in which trans¬ verse flow is taking place, is connected to the aerating channels, expediently assembled therewith. The solution according to the invention can be advantage ly used with the known aerating trenches having been εep rated fay a longitudinal partition wall. In one or in bot - re ¬ branches of the trench there is an aerating rotor with a horizontal axle, while in the length o he trench there is a longitudinally arranged secondary sedimentator, in which the liquid is streaming in a transverse flow. In a further preferred embodiment of the invention a longitudinally shaped secondary sedimentator each with oblique lamellae, in which transverse flow is taking place, is connected to both sides of the aerating channel. In sense of the invention energy savings may be increased by placing vertical aerating shafts provided with air in¬ jecting grids below the horizontal aerating channels, which are forming a common space. (The mass of the bubbles arising from the shaft are travelling upwards in an ob¬ lique direction in the liquid streaming in a horizontal direction. As a consequence, staying time of the bubbles in the liquid can be considerably prolongated resulting in an increased specific oxygen transfer and energy savings. In a most advantageous embodiment the aerating shafts are formed as supporting pillars and the entire object is lying on said pillars, above the ground level. In such a manner the area below the object can be economically utilised e.g. for the emplacement of diverse auxiliary and complementary equipments. In accordance with the invention specific oxygen transfer can be further increased by placing baffle plates above the aerating shafts, ascending in the direction of flow in the aerating channels resp. trenches in such a manner that the plates should overlap each other in their vertical pro¬ jection. Expediently the angle of inclination of the baffle plates can be changed, the most advantageous value lies within the range between 1° and 45°, preferably between 2° and 5 . The baffle plates can be arranged in the entire hight ox the aeration channels or only in a partial height thereof. 'The baffle plates are made preferably of steel, aluminium or synthetic materials, in particular ?YC, poly- - 6 - ethylene, polypropylene or polystyrene, further advantages may be achieved by embossing the sur¬ face of the baffle plates. The longitudinally arranged secondary sedimentator with 5 the oblique lamellae, in which flow is taking place in ε transverse direction, belonging to the installation ac¬ cording to the invention, is provided with a bridge per¬ forming a reciprocating motion in the longitudinal direc tion; the bridge construction is carrying the lamella- 10 washer and the sludge pump. Preferably, moving of the bridge construction is performed automatically and pro¬ grammed. In a preferred embodiment of the secondary sedimentator according to the invention the sedimentator is longitu- 15 dinally divided into the first sewage sedimentation spaci and the second sedimentation space; said spaces are con¬ taining an immersing pump each. Between the two spaces, : the length of the object, in the central line thereof, ti separator with the oblique lamellae is arranged. 20 According to a further favourable feature of the inventic into the lower part of the first sewage sedimentation sps and/or of the second sedimentation space concrete element are built in with a falling gradient between 45° and 60° towards the inside. 25 At last, in a preferred embodiment the secondary sediment tor is formed with two sedimentation spaces with parallel side walls sloping inwards, above which the oblique la el are arranged. 3y the application of the apparatuses havin, been formed in accordance with the invention, several add: 30 tional - surplus - effects could be achieved, which are ur known with the previously used arrangements; so e.g. by building-in the oblique baffle plates, especially if these are made of a synthetic material, specific capacity of ths system using ' activated sludge can be considerably increase Cn the surface of the synthetic materials, due to the supp with oxygen, a biological film is formed representing an active decomposing surface, which is far increasing the lo capacity of the system. The circumstance is also to be considered as advantageous, in so far as the vertical aerating shafts and the previous¬ ly mentioned baffle plates as well, can be assembled both into new and already existing plants, as a consequence, in¬ crease of capacity can be solved without a further space π quirement with the several thousands of oxidizing trenches being in operation. The aerating shafts may be formed of prefabricated concrete rings, representing an rconomical ar. time-saving solution. The secondary sedimentation system being connected in a block-like manner to the plant requires an inconsiderable space only resulting in savings in area, when the shafts ar formed as supporting pillars, the area having been left fre βy the shafts can be well utilised for the emplacement of e.g. an engine compartment, sludge-condenser or mechanical equipments for dehydrating the sludge, etc. 3eyond savings in space, by the arrangement according to the invention ope« rational costs may be also reduced. Efficiency of the longitudinally arranged secondary sedimen¬ tator provided with the oblique lamellae, in which flow is taking place in a transverse direction, is considerably in¬ creased by the washer, the sludge pump and the eventually used auxiliary sludge-dredger having been mounted on the movable bridge construction, ϊ. ' hen specially formed, the basin can be suitably used as an oil- and sand trap. Summing up what has been said, the apparatus according " o the invention units and combines all the advantages of the known systems, simultaneously eliminating the drawbacks thereof. - 8 - Brief Description of Drawings The invention will be described in details by way of examples in "the accompanying drawings, wherein: Pig. 1 is a preferred embodiment of the invention 5 with the three - channels basin and the se¬ condary sedimentator, showing a circular top-view, Pig. 2 is a top-view of another preferred embodimenl with a basin of the type Carrousel and the 10 longitudinal secnndary sedimentator, Pig. 3 is a section through III-III of the embodimec according to Pig. 2, Pig. 4 is a section through IT-IV of the embodiment according to Pig. 2, 15 Pig. 5 is a top-view of a further preferred embodi¬ ment with a longitudinal secondary sedi entat Pig. 6 is a top-view of an embodiment of the inven¬ tion having a circular ground plan, Pig. 7 is a cross-section of the embodiment shown in 20 Pig. 6, Pig. δ is a longitudinal section of the equipment according to the invention, Pig. 9 is a cross-section of an embodiment of the secondary sedimentator in a longitudinal • 25 arrangement, which can be advantageously used with the equipment shown in Pig. 2, 4 and β, Pig. 10 is a top-view of the embodiment shown in Pig. Pig. 11 is a top-view of the embodiment of the inven¬ tion with two longitudinal secondary sedimen- 30 tators with lamellae, Pig. 12 is a cross-section of the sedimentator with lamellae, in which the lamellae are arranged in the longitudinal central line of the basin, 13 is a top-view of the embodiment shown in Pig. 12, ιg< 14 is a section of the embodiment according to the invention, at which a lamella-system each is arranged on both sides, in the length of the basin, ig. 15 is a top-view of the equipment shown in Pig. 14. 3est lύode of carr?/ing * Out the Invention Referring to Pig. 1, the raw pre-treated sewage is arriving through the duct 1 into the space below the aerating wheel 3 (the aerator) with a vertical axis, having been arranged in the aerating channel 2. The aerating v/heel 3 is continu¬ ously rotating and the speed of rotation is changed in com¬ pliance with the prevailing demand for oxygen. Changing of the speed of rotation of the aerating wheel 3 takes place automatically. Sewage is streaming in the aerating channel 2 having been divided by the partition walls 4, in which the horizontal motion is induced by the propellers 5 with ' a horizontal axle. At the outer ends of the partition walls 4 lying perpendicularly to each other the aerating wheels 3a with a vertical axle are arranged, which are rotating in compliance with the direction of the liquid streaming in the aerating channel 2, promoting in. such a manner the mo¬ tion and turbulence of the liquid in the aerating channel 2. Il e liquid i3 streaming in the channel 2 on a path recurring into itself. The mass of activated sludge is continuously led from the aerating channels 2 via the duct 6 into the secondary sedimentation basin 7, having a circular ground- plan and being provided with oblique lamellae. The preci¬ pitated mass of the sludge is recirculated through the duct S into the aeration channel 2, while the sewage having been purified is discharged through the overfall edge 9, the overfall trough and rhe duct 10 from the secondary sedimen¬ tation basin 7. The embodiment shown in Pig. 1 may be realized with a reduced capacity, in so far as it contains but two channels 12 lying perpendicularly to each other, but it is also possible to enlarge it to an embodiment with four channels, when increase of capacity becomes necessary. τ The arrangement shown in Pig. 1 may be advantageously connected to a sludge-condenser object resulting in a favourable utilization of the space, furtheron to a technological (operational) building, whereby a block¬ like economical arrangement with an inconsiderable space requirement may be obtained. In Pig. 2 a further-developed version of the well-known aerator cf the Carrousel-system is to be seen. The raw water arrives through the duct 13 and is discharged through the duct 14 into the secondary sedimentator, which is a longitudinal secondary sedimentator with lamellae, in which the liquid is a streaming in a trans¬ verse flow. The recirculated sludge is returned through the duct 15 into the channel 16, or it is leaving the system in form of sludge excess. The aerating channels 18 are separated by means of the partition walls 17; in the aerating channels 18 the liquid is allowed to stream in a horizontal direction. The vertical aerating shafts 19 are built-in periodically in an optimal mutual dis¬ tance, in the direction of flow; in the aerating shafts 19 there are the air-injecting grids 20, the duct 21 is connected partly to the air-injecting grid 20, partly to the compressor 22 supplying the air. The air(gas) ascending from the aerating shafts 19 arrives at the aerating channel 18 and advances in a horizontal direction resulting in the prolongation of the contact time and in an increased efficiency of oxygen transfer. Stream in horizontal direction may be increased by the propellers 23 with the horizontal axles, in this case - li ¬ the aerating wheels 24 - the aerators - with the ver¬ tical axle are put out of service. The sedimentator 25 is provided with the oblique lamella 2β; when the mixture to be sedi ented is allowed to 5 stream through the lamellae, a laminar flow and effec¬ tive separation may be achieved. The sedimentator 25 is provided with the bridge construction 27 carrying the lamella-washer 28 of the type JET. The immersing pump 29 serving for the recirculation of the sludge via the 10 duct 15 is also suspended onto the bridge construction 27. The v/ater having been purified and subjected to se¬ dimentation is flowing below the overfall edge 30,and arrives at the overfall trough 31 » from where it is discharged from the system through the duct 32. 15 As it is to be seen in Pig. 3 » the bubbles globing from the aerating shaft 19 are ascending in an oblique direc¬ tion upwards under the influence of the horizontal flow in the aerating channels 18 prolonging in such a manner the duration of oxygen transfer. Compared to the ascent 20 sion in a straight direction, the staying time of the air(gas) bubbles in the aerated mixture is 4-10-times longer. As it is to be seen in Pig. 4, thechannels 18 are ar¬ ranged about the ground level, as the shafts 19 are 25 formed as supporting pillars. In such a manner a space of considerable extent is staying at disposal under the object, which can be economically utilized, being of utmost importance from the point of view of space saving. In Pig. 5 the realization of the invention by means of 30 the known so-called oxidation trench has been illustra¬ ted. The raw sewage arrives through the duct 33 at the aerating trench 34 being confined by the bank slope 35 or the vertical outer wall. In the aerating trench 34 the horizontal flow is induced by the rotor or propeller 35 36 with a horizontal axle; the aerating trench is O: FI divided into two parts bythe partition wall 37. Similar¬ ly to the apparatus halving been illustrated in Pig. 2 to 4, the aerating shafts 38 are arranged below the aeratin trench and they are provided with the air-injecting ele- ent 39, a grid, each. Said elements are supplied with air from the ai (gas) supplying device 41 through the du 40. In the aerating trench 34 - forming a common space with the aerating shafts 38 - the bubbles are st-tsming in a horizontal direction. The mass of water with the activeated sludge is led from the aerating trench 34 int the secondary sedimentator 42 through the duct -53, from where the mass of sludge is recirculated via the duct 52 In the secondary sedimentator 42 there are the oblique lamellae 43 arranged; leaving said lamellae, the purifie water is streaming below the guide wall 44 and leaves th system through the overfall edge 45, the overfall trough 46 and the duct 47. Above the secondary sedimentator the is a movable bridge 48 arranged, carrying a recirculatin sludge pump 49 and a washer 50 for washing the lamellae. The sludge pump 49 is recirculating the sludge into the distributing trough 51, while the sludge excess is dis¬ charged from the system through the duct 52. Pig. 6 and 7 are showing an embodiment with a circular ground plan. In this embodiment the central secondary sedimentator is encircled by the ring channel 55, in whi aeration and flow in horizontal direction are ensured by means of the aeration rotors 56 with a horizontal * axle. The vertical aerating shafts 57 are connected periodical ly to the aerating annular channel 55 and form therewith a continuous aerating space. In the aerating shafts 57 the air-injecting elements, the grids 58 are arranged having been connected to the device 60 for the air(gas) supply via the duct 59. With this embodiment the raw untreated water is led through the duct 61 to the aerati channel 55, therefrom it flows to the secondary sedimen- - 13 - tator 54 though the duct 62 and the purified water is leaving the system through the system 63 comprising the oblique lamellae, under the overfall wall 64, via the overfall edge 65, the overfall trough 66 and the duct 67. 5 The sludge sedimented in the secondary sedimentator 54 is either recirculated via the duct 68 into the ring channel 55, i.e. into the aerating shaft 57, or as a sludge excess it is led into the sludge condenser, or it is stored or subjected to a further treatment. The aerat- 10 ing shafts are formed as supporting pillars enabling the arrangement of the object above the ground level. The space having been formed in such a manner under the ob¬ ject can be well utilized or placing mechanical equip¬ ment, so e.g. compressors, sludge treating equipment, 15 centrifuges, etc. Accordingly, an utmost compact, block¬ like formation with an inconsiderable space requirement may be realized. Above the aerating shafts 71 having been arranged in the channel with a horizontal flow (see Pig. 8) the baffle 20 plates 72 are so arranged, that the baffle plates 72 rising in the direction of the stream should lie above each other in an overlapping manner. The air bubbles in the aerating shaft resp. globing therefrom are ascending while wandering from plate to plate and in course of 25 their advance they come into contact with the baffle pla¬ tes 72. In such a manner - compared to the unhindered vertical βscent - the staying time of the bubbles is about ten-times longer resulting in an increased effici¬ ency of the oxygen transfer. The oblique baffle plates 30 72, having been made expediently of metal or a synthetic material, do not influence the flow taking place in a horizontal direction, at the same time a biological film is formed on their surface representing an active and useful surface .which increases the efficiency of 35 purification. The angular position and height of the oblique baffle plates 72 can be expediently changed during operation. It goes without saying that the solution with the ob¬ lique baffle plates can be expediently used in any pre- viously described apparatus, where the liquid is stream¬ ing in a horizontal direction in the channel, resulting in an increased economic efficiency. In the aerating shafts 71 there are air-in ecting elements, a grid 73 each. These are supplied with air or gas, e.g. pure oxygen, by the air(gas) supply-device 75 through the duct 74. In the channel 70 Plow in a horizontal direction is en¬ sured by the propeller 76; in such a manner putting into motion (circulation), turbulence and supply with oxygen are economically separated. The channel 70 is formed by a rectangle recurring in itself or a ring channel. Oxygen supply of the aerating shaft 71 is talcing place by an automatically controlled system in dependence of the prevailing oxygen requirement. 7ith the embodiment to be seen in Pig-9, the secondary sedimentator 77 is realized in a compact manner and one vertical side thereof can be connected to any aerating space with a vertical wall. The raw water (the activated sludge) arrives through the duct 78 at the sedimentation space 79, after having been subjected to the primary sedimentation, the sewage is passing through the system * 80 consisting of the oblique lamellae having been arrange at an angle to 60°, where secondary separation is taking place. The sludge sedimentated in the lamella-system 80 i sliding back to the sludge space 85. Sliding back is pro¬ moted by the side wall being formed with a gradient of 60°. The sedimented sewage is flowing through the lamella system 80, under the guide wall 81 and arrives through th overfall edge 82 at the overfall trough 83, therefrom it is discharged from the system through the duct 84, as a - 15 - purified and sedimented sewage. T e sludge having been di ented in the sludge space 85 in the bottom of the sed mentation space 79 -is transferred by the immersing slud; pump 86 through the duct 87 into the sludge channel 88, 5 therefrom it is either recirculated into the aerating si or discharged as sludge excess from the space through ti duct 89. The sludge pump 86 and the duct 87 are mounted onto the movable bridge construction 90. The reciprocating move e 10 of the bridge 90 in tie length of the secondary sedimenta tor 77'is performed by the driving motor 91. The movable bridge construction 90 is also carrying the plate 92 for pushing-off the floating sludge and the dredger blades, which can be considered as supplementary, auxiliary elem. 15 The sludge sedimented on the lamella-system 80 can be re¬ moved by the high-pressure washer 93 of the type JET, whi is also suspended onto the movable bridge construction 9C _he bridge construction 0 is travelling on the rails 90 which are arranged on the extreme walls of the object. Th 20 oblique lamellae forming the lamella-system SOare arrange advantageously at an angle to 60 , this arrangement pro¬ motes sliding down of the sludge having been sedimented between the lamellae into the lower sludge space 85. Beside or instead of the sludge pump 86 any other system 25 being suitable for this purpose, i.e. for the collection and removal of the sludge, so e.g. a vacuum suction s 3 ec pushing-plates, suction pipes, etc. can be used. The partition wall 95 between the sedimentation space 79 and the space of the lamella-sys em 80 separates the space performing diverse functions. The energy of the raw water streaming through, the duct 78 is broken on the guide wall 97. As it is to be seen in Pig. 10, the secondary sedimentεtio: basin 77 is longitudinally arranged. Ihe secondary sedi¬ mentator 77 formed with the lamellae according to Pig. 9 and 10 can be advantageously used with several embodiments according to the invention, where the objects have a longi¬ tudinal side v/all. It seems to be most advantageous if the aerator and the secondary sedimentator are realized in one single ob ect. The Pig. 11 is showing an example for this solution, where the secondary sedimentation space 77 is built together with the longitudinally arranged aerator for the activated sludg The aerator 103 for the activated sludge consists of the known longitudinal channels 104 recurring into itselves, in which circulation of water, turbulence and oxygen transfer are ensured by means of the aerating rotors 105. Both sides cf the aerating channels 104 are connected to the longitu¬ dinal secondary sedimentator 77 provided with the lamellae, in which the liquid is streaming in a cross-flow and in which the sludge is sedimented in a similar way as in the equipment having been detailed in connection with the Pig. 9 and 10, while the purified sewage is discharged through the duct 107. The raw water, which may also contain sand and oil, is led into the sedimentator 117 (see Pig. 12 and 13) through the duct 118. The raw water arrives through the overfall edge 119 to the sewage sedimentation space 120, where sedimen¬ tation is taking place. The overfall edge 119 is running along the longitudinal wall of the basin of the sedimen¬ tator 117. In case, if the sewage contained snd, air way be blown into the space-part 121, for the purpose air is delivered by the compressor 123 having been mounted on the bridge construction 132. The pre-sedimentad sewage arrives vie the overfall grid 132 into the space 125 and streaming through the separator 12β with the oblique lamellae, it arrives at the second sedimentation space 127. Therefrom it is discharged from the system through the overfall trough 128 and the duct 129. In the first sewage sedimen- tation space 120 and the second sedimentation space 127 there is α sludge pump 130 each, which is suspended onto the moving bridge construction 132 by means of the duct 131. As it is to be seen in Fig. 13, the movable bridge con- struction 132 is travelling along the longitudinal axis of the sedimentator 117 on the wheels 133 driven by the motor 134. The oil collected on the surface of the water in the space 125 is skimmed or pushed-off by the device 135 and it is forwarded for further treatment, storage or use. In order to be able to promote condensation of the sludge sand on the bottom of the sedimentation spaces 120 and 127, con¬ crete elements with a gradient about 45° to 60° are built-in. In Fig. 14 an embodiment is to be seen, where the sediraen- tator with the oblique lamellae according to the Fig. 9 is applied with a combined biological purification system for the purification of the activated sludge. The raw sewage arrives through the duct 141 at the aerating space 142, wherein supply with oxygen and turbulence are ensured by bubbling, by the aid of the air injectors 143. The mixture with the activated sludge is streaming by the force of gra¬ vity from the aerating space 142, through the opening 144 into the secondary sedimentator 145. Between the oblique lamellae 14ό arranged therein secondary sedimentation is taking place. The sludge is sliding back into the lower space, while the purified sewage is discharged from the system through the overfall edge 147, the channel 148 and the duct 149. The sludge having been sedimented between the oblique lamellae 146 is periodically removed by means of the high-pressure washer 150 of the type JET, which is mounted onto the movable bridge 151. The bridge 151 is performing an automatically controlled reciprocating mo¬ tion parallel with the longitudinal axis of the object. From the secondary sedimentation space 145 the sludge sedimented is transferred by the so-called Mammoth-pump provided with the air duct 152 into the aerating space 142 through the channel 154, while the sludge excess is dis¬ charged through the duct 153. The oblique lamellae increase the efficiency of purifica- tion, accordingly specifically the loading capacity may be increased by 50-100 , The bridge 151 is travelling on the top of the object, on the rail on the longitudinal con¬ fining wall thereof, while automatical moving is provided by the driving motor 156. - The bridge 151 of the combined object according to Fig. 14 - the top-view thereof is to be seen in the Fig. 15 - is travelling parallel with the longitudinal axis of the ob¬ ject and ensures the periodical regeneration i.e. cleaning of the oblique lamellae 146. The combined object with the secondary sedimentation system provided with the.lamellae yields a most economical solution with an inconsiderable space requirement.

Claims: Claims* 1. .Apparatus for the treatment of liquids, in parti¬ cular for the biological purification of household-sewage and/or industrial sewages containing organic contaminations, furtheron for the aeration and/or sedimentation of liquids, in which in the circular, quadratic or elongated oblong basin receiving the liquid a path recurring into itself is formed by means of one or more partition walls while for moving the liquid in a horizontal and/or in a horizontal and vertical direction. one or more propellers and/or rotors with horizontal and/or vertical axle are used, whereas for the aeration of the liquid one or more aerators with a ho¬ rizontal or vertical axle and/or one or more fixed air blowers are applied, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that one or more secondary sedimentσtors in a longitudinal arrangement or with a ' circular top-view are connected directly to the object or are assembled therewith. 2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, c h a r a c t e r¬ i z e d in that in the basin there is an aerating wheel (3) with a vertical axle arranged, while the basin itself consists of the cross-flow aerating channels (2) starting radially from said wheel having been separated by means of the partition walls (4) lying expediently perpendi¬ cularly to each other and at the ends of the partition walls (4) there is an aerating wheel (3a) oach arranged, provided with vertical axles, furtheron in the direction of flow, in the channels lying behind the aerating wheels (3a) with the vertical axle there is expediently a pro¬ peller (5) each with a horizontal axle 'arranged, at last, in the space between the aerating channels (2) lying ad¬ vantageously perpendicularly to each other, there is a secondary sedimentator (7) with oblique lamellae, showing a circular top-view. (Fig. l) 3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that at least the centrally arranged aerating wheel (3) is operated with a speed of rotation which can be automatically changed depending on the prevailing oxygen requirement. 4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that an annular circular aerating channel (55) is used, in which one or more horizontal aerating rotors (5ό) with radially arranged axles are to be found and in the middle-part, within the aerating circular channel (55) " there is a central secondary se¬ dimentator (54) with a system (63) of oblique lamellae. (Fig. 6 and 7). 5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4, c h a r a c - t e r i z e d in that the central sedimentator (54) is provided with a known sludge dredger (9ό) performing a rotary motion, while the oblique lamella-system (63) is suspended to the floats (98) having been connected to said dredger (96). (Fig. 7). 6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that in the basin of the Carrousel- system known in itself, at the ends of the partition walls (17) of the parallel aerating channels (18) having been connected in series the aerating wheels (24) with a vertical axle are to be found and in the flow direc¬ tion, in the channels (18) behind said wheels propellers (23) with a horizontal axle are arranged, and the longi¬ tudinally arranged secondary sedimentator (25) with the oblique lamellae, in which flo *. in a transverse direc- tion is taking place, is connected to the aerating channels (18). (Fig.2, 3 and 4). 7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that it consists of the known aerating trenches (34) having been separated by a longitudinal partition wall (37) and in one or both branches of the trench (34) thero is an aerating rotor (36) with a horizon¬ tal axle, while in the length of the trench (34) there is a longitudinal secondary sedimentator (42) with oblique la¬ mellae, in which the liquid is streaming in a transverse flow. (Fig. 5). 8. Apparatus as claimed in clai 7 , c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that a longitudinal secondary sediment¬ ator (77) each with obliquo lamellae, in which transverse flow is taking place, is connected to both sides of the aerating channel (104). (Fig. 11 ). 9. Apparatus as claimed in any of the claims 1 to 8, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that under the aerating channels (2, 10, 55) resp. below the trenches (34, 104) vertical aerating shafts (19, 38, 57) are arranged forming a common space with the channels and trenches, respectively, and the shafts comprise the air-injecting grids '(20, 39, 58). (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8). 10. Apparatus as claimed in claim 9, c a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that the vertical aerating shafts (19, 38, 57) are formed as supporting pillars and the object itself is lying above the ground level in a height corres¬ ponding to the length of said shafts. (Fig. 3, 4 and 7). 11. Apparatus as claimed in claim 9, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that the depth of the aerating shafts (19, 38, 57) lies in the range between 1 and 35 m - pre¬ ferably 3 and 10 . 12. Apparatus as claimed in claim 9, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that above the aerating shafts (19, 38, 57) in the aerating channels (2, 16, 55) and trenches (104, 34), respectively, baffle plates (72) rising upwards in the direction of the flow are build-in in such a manner, that in their vortical projection they should overlap each other. (Fig. 8). 13. Apparatus, as claimed in claim 12, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that the angle of inclination of the baffle plates (72) lies within the range between 1° and 45°, advantageously between 2° and 5°. 14. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that the baffle plates (72) are arran¬ ged in the entire height of the aerating channels (2, 18, 55) and the trenches (34, 104) respectively. 15. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12, c h a r a c - t e r i z e d in that the baffle plates (72) are arran¬ ged in a part of the height of the aerating channels (2, 18, 55) and trenches (34 f 104), respectively. 16. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that the baffle plates (72) are made of steel, aluminium or a synthetic material, advantage¬ ously of PVC, polyethylene, polypropylene or polystyrene. 17. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that the angle of inclination of the baffle plates (72) can be changed during operation. 18. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12, c h a r a c . t e r i z e d in that the surface of the baffle plates (72) is embossed. 19. Apparatus as claimed in any of the claims 6 to 8, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the longitudinally arranged secondary sedimentator (25, 42, 77) with the ob¬ lique lamellae, in which the liquid is flowing in a trans¬ verse direction, is provided with a movable bridge con¬ struction (27, 40, 90, 132, 151), which is carrying the lamella-washer (28, 50, 93, 150) and the sludge pump (29, 49, 86, 130, 152). (Fig. 2, 4, 5, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15). 20. Apparatus as claimed in claim 19, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that the bridge construction (27, 48, 90) is moved σutomotically in compliance with a pre-de- termined program. , 21. Apparatus as claimed in claim 19, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that the secondary sedimentator is divided into a first sewage sedimentation space (l20) and into the second sedimentation space (l27) in the longi- tudinal direction, in which there is an immersing sludge pump (l3θ) each and in the space between the two spaces (l20, 127), in the centre line of the object a separator (l2ό) with oblique lamellae is arranged. (Fig. 12 and 13). 22. Apparatus as claimed in claim 21, c h a r a c - t e r i z e d in that into the bottom of the -First sewage sedimentation space (l2θ) and/or the second sedimentation space (127) concrete elements with a gradient between 45 and 60 towards the inside are built-in. (Fig. 12). 23. Apparatus as claimed in claim 19, c h a r a c - t e r i z e d in that the secondary sedimentator is pro¬ vided with two sedimentation spaces (145) with parallel walls expediently sloping inwards, above which the oblique lamellae (146) are arranged. (Fig. 14).

Inventors: GYULAVARI I
Applicants: GYULAVARI I, NOVEX FOREIGN TRADE CO LTD
Application year: 1981
Main classification: C02F3
IPC codes: B01D21, C02F3