METHOD OF FACING HOUSES AND FACING ELEMENT FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD

Abstract: A method of facing houses and other buildings, Fig. 1, where the characterizing features are that an insulating layer (3) known per se, preferably slabs (3) of mineral wool, is attached to the house wall (1) by means of glue or forked clamps (9), and that on the outside of the slabs (3) a glass fibre or corresponding fabric (4) is laid. A further characterizing feature is that said fabric (4) is integral from corner to corner and/or from the top to the bottom along the wall (1), so that the wail (1) completely is covered with the fabric (4). It is also characterizing that the fabric (4) is provided with a coat (5) constituting a water coat (5), which is not diffusion-proof, preferably a vinyl acrylate dispersed in water. The invention also relates to a facing element for carrying out the method.

Description: Method of facing houses and facing element for carrying out the method This invention relates to a method of facing houses and other buildings, and it also relates to an element for carrying out the method, more precisely to a facing element. Houses and other buildings are faced a.o. in connection with the erection of new buildungs, the renovation of fronts or the attachment of additional insulation on the house. It is not unusual to combine the steps of such renovation and added insulation. The facing involves considerable costs and problems, especially in the case of renovation and additional insulation. When, for example, plastered fronts are to be renovated, normally the plaster on the front is removed or mended very accurately, which is very expensive. It would be a substantial progress if the plaster in existence could re¬ main untouched on the front, and the insulation and new plaster or the like are attached thereon. A further reason rests in the fact, that the new plaster or the like is too rigid and brittle and, therefore, cannot without cracking take up the deformations, to which it is subjected due to temperature variations and distributions occurring in a facing which, from the inside outward, consists of existing plaster, insulation and new plaster. it is to be pointed out that the renovation and additional insulation of plastered fronts according to above not only is an economic, but also a safety problem as, of course, no parts of the facing must fall off. The present invention has the object of providing a method and a facing element, by which the aforesaid problems are solved. The plaster already being on the front can remain there, in that its dead load is taken up and distributed, and in that the new facing wit - insulation is sufficient¬ ly elastic and flexible and soft also in other respects for being able to take up arising deformations. The present invention, thus, relates to a method of facing houses and other buϊ Idings. The method is characterized in that an insulating layer per se known, preferably mineral wool slabs, is attached to the house wall by means of glue or forked clamps, that onto the outside surface of the slabs a OMPI glass fibre or corresponding fabric is laid, which extends integrally from corner to corner and/or from the top to the bottom along the wall so as to completely cover the wall, and that the fabric is provided with a layer constituting a water coat, which is not diffusion-proof and preferably consists of a vinyl acrylate dispersed in water. The invention also relates to a facing element for houses and other bui Idϊngs. The facing element is characterized in that it comprises, from the in¬ side of the house and outward, an insulating layer, preferably a mineral wool slab covered with a glass fibre or corresponding fabric, on which a water coat of a material is applied which is not diffusion-proof and preferably consists of vinyl acrylate dispersed in water, and which element is attached to the house wall by means of glue or forked clamps. The invention is described in greater detail in the following, with re- ference to the accompanying drawings, in which - Fig.1 is a schematic vertical section through and perpendicular to a wall with plaster in existence thereon and faced with facing elements according to the invention, which section is laid symmetrically through an attachment point/means for the facing element, - Fig.2 is a schematic view of a wall portion with facing elements according to Fig. 1, seen from the right in Fig. 1, where the outermost layer of the element is removed, - Fig.3 is a schematic view of a wall portion with facing elements according to the invention, seen from the outside and perpendicular to the wall, where attachment points/means are shown and the outer¬ most layer of fabric or the like covering the elements is indicated by dashed 1 ines, - Fϊg.% is a schematic view of a wall portion with facing elements according to the invention, seen from the outside and perpendicular to the wall, where attachment points/means are shown, and the outer¬ most layer of fabric or the like covering the elements is indicated by dashed lines, and the configuration and design of the attachment points/means are slightly different from those shown in Fig. 3. ln r Fig.1 an outer wall of a house or other building is designated by 1. OMPI The wall is coated with a layer of plaster 2 or the like, which con¬ stitutes the facing 2 being in existence. - For renovating and additional insulation purposes, the facing element according to the present invention is attached on the wall 1 ,2 which already is coated with piaster. The element comprises, from the wall inside and outward, an insulating layer 3, preferably a slab of mine¬ ral wool,which is covered with a glass fibre or corresponding fabric h , to which a water coat 5 of a material is applied which is not diffusion- proof, preferably vinyl acrylate dispersed in water. Said slab, as men- tioned, preferably consists of mineral wool, such as Rock Wool standard element 90 x 120 cm, but may also consist of various types of rock- wool, glass wool, polyurethane foam or the like. It is characteristic of the material that it is soft and flexible, in order to be able without cracking to take up deformations in the facing which are caused, for example, by temperature variations. The said fabric preferably is glass fibre fabric, type MITEX, but may also be, for example, a metal network. A suitable material for said water coat 5 is vinyl acrylate dispersed in water and comprising about 50% filler material in the form of crushed marble,sand or the like. It is characteristic of the water coat that it must not be diffusion-proof, but moisture shall be allow¬ ed to diffuse out through the water coat 5. The facing element is intended to be attached to the plastered house wall 1,2 by means of glue or, for example and preferably forked clamps. For this purpose cylindric bores or recesses 6 are provided perpendi¬ cularly to the surface of the facing element and extend a distance into the insulating slab 3, where a plate 7 is intended to be attached to the bottom 8 of each bore 6. According to a preferred embodiment, Fig. 1 , the plate 7 or corresponding means is intended to be attached to a so- called chemical anchor 9,10 or forked clamp 9, which is intended to be anchored in the wall 1 and plaster 2 by being glued with a suitable glue 10 in a tore 11 in the wall and plaster, as shown in Fig. 1. The plate 7 is attached to the chemical anchor 9,10 or forked clamp 9 by means of a self-locking washer 7' or the like. The plate 7 preferably al- so is attached by means of glue and is made, for example, of galvanized metal sheet and may be perforated (not shown). In order to render the OMPI WIPO plate 7 capable to a certain extent to take up load also in vertical direction, it may alternatively be formed as a cup, Fig. 1. When the plate has been mounted, a portion 12 of the forked clamp 9 located outside the plate 7 and washer 7' may be removed, as indicated by dashed line in Fig. 1. For plugging the bore 6 subsequent to the mounting of the plate 7, a cyliπdric plug 13 corresponding to the bore 6 is intended to be pressed into the bore 6. The bores 6 preferably are brought about by means of a tubular sawing device whereby said plugs 13 are obtained by recovering the material removed by said sawing device. The glass fibre fabric 4 or corresponding fabric attached to the out¬ side of the;insulating slabs 3 is intended to be integral from one corner to the other of the house and/or from the top to the bottom along the wall. This is shown schematically in Fig. 3 where the fab- rϊc 4 is attached integral from topto bottom. The object thereof is thattheglass fibre fabric, in addition to protecting the insulation and to const!tutiπg a hold for the water coat 5 " , also shall have a co¬ hering effect on the front. The fabric 4, therefore, is intended to be anchored, for example, at the top and bottom for the case shown in Fig. 3. In order to safely attach the fabric 4 in connection to the bores 6 where the slabs 3 are attached, according to a preferred embodiment two strips 14,15 of glas-s fibre or corresponding fabric are provided In each one of said bores 6 where the strips 14,15 are mounted in the bore 6 preferably prior to the mounting of said plate 7 and prior to the mounting of said plug 13. The strips 14,15 preferably are located per¬ pendicularly to each other and are given such a length as to project out of the bore 6, so that they cover a substantial portion of the slab 3, as shown in Figs. 1-4. At each bore said strips 14,15 form a cross, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The projecting portions of the strips 14,15 are intended to be connected to the fabric 4 by said water coat 5 or bythe-coat and a separate glue joint (not shown) between the fabric 4 and said projecting portions. The strips 14,15 are supposed to remain at the slab 3. The said strips 14,15 can be replaced, for example, by a tubular pre¬ fabricated attachment piece comprising a cup-shaped portion intended O PI to fit into a bore or recess 6, and plane portions intended to be attached to the slab 3 and fabric 4-, which attachment piece is made of glass fibre fabric or the like. The mounting time can be reduced by using attachment pieces instead of strip pairs. The facing, subsequent to imagined removal of the fabric 4 and water coat 5, will have the appearance schematically as shown in Fig. 3 where slabs 3 are arranged edge to edge across the front. The bores 6, i.e. the attachment points for the slabs 3 on the plastered wall 1,2, preferably are arranged in horizontal and vertical spaced rela- tionsship of 45 to 60 cm. The con-Figura ion of bores 6, of course, in relation to the configuration of slabs 3 → may be arranged in a way different from that shown in Fig. > , for example as shown in Fig. 4. The function of the facing element and of the method according to the invention should have substantially become apparent from the aforesaid. Bores 11, thus, are made in the plastered wall 1,2, into which bores by means of a suitable glue or the like a chem ' ϊcal anchor 9,10 or corresponding means is secured. The bores 11 thus filled further have the function of carrying the dead weight of the plaster 2 already having been in existence and to distribute the load thereof. On the outside of the. plaster 2 insulating slabs 3 are provided and attached to said anchors 9,10 by means of a plate 7 and a washer 7 * or corresponding means in the bottom of a bore in the slab, which bore thereafter is plugged by a plug 13, preferably of the slab material. Thereafter, on the out- side of the slabs glass fibre fabric 4 is placed . , which should be inte¬ gral, coherent, from the top to the bottom along the wall and/or from one corner to the other, so that the fabric co-acts in maintaining the slabs 3 in position. On the outside of the fabric 4 then the water coat non-proof to diffusion is applied. The fabric 4 preferably is po- sitioned with a certain overlap in those cases when wide strips of fabric are arranged to the side of each other as indicated in Figs. 3 and 4. The method and the facing element according to the invention, as should have become evident, offer the possibility of efficient, simple and cheap front renovation and additional insulation, compared with prior art. The plaster 2 already in existence, thus, can remain in place because its load is taken up and distributed a.o. in connection to the attachment points for the facing element. The facing, furthermore, is flexible, OMPI soft, so that arising deformations can be taken up without cracks forming in the facing. ft is, of course, possible to imagine minor changes of the method and facing element according to the invention, without abandoning the idea of the invention. in order to additional ly fix the facing, for example iron angles of the dimension 20 x 20 x 0.75 mm can be arranged horizontally between the bores 11, where the angle irons 16 are positioned on the forked clamp 9 projecting from each bore 11, as appears from Figs. 1 and 2, and be secured, glued, in connection with the fastening of the forked clamp 9 in the bore 11. The cylϊndrϊc bores 6, further, can be replaced by recesses with rec¬ tangular, preferably square cross-section and having a depth corres¬ ponding to the bores. The recesses are made, for example, by a cutting tool provided with four edges designed for this purpose, which tool is pressed into the slab 3- See Fig. 4 where a further configuration of slabs and recesses are shown and where the recesses have square shape. The πventϊon, thus, is not to be regarded restricted to the embodiments of the method and facing element described above, but can be varied within the scope of the invention as defined in the attached claims. - J£E OMPI

Claims: Claims 1. A method of facing houses and ' other ' bui ldings, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d i n that an insulating layer (3) known per se, preferably slabs (3) of mineral wool, are attached to the wall (1) of the house by means of glue or forked clamps (9), and that on the outside of the slabs (3) a glass fibre or corresponding fabric (4) is laid, which is integral from corner to corner and/or from the top to the bottom along the wall (1), so that the wall (1) completely is covered with the fabric (4), and that the fabric (4) is provided with a layer (5) constituting a water coat (5), which is not diffu¬ sion-proof and preferably consists of vinyl acrylate dispersed in water. 2. A method as defined in claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that cy.lindric bores (11) are made in the wall (1) perpendicularly to the wall surface, whereafter a so-called chemical anchor (9,10), a forked clamp (9) or the like is fastened, preferably glued, in each bore, and that cylindric bores (6) or recesses (6) are made perpendicularly to the sjrface of said slab (3) and some distance into said slab (3) by means of, for example, a tubular sawing member, whereafter the slab is attached to said forked clamp (9) at the bottom (8) of the bore (6) by means of a plate (7) or corresponding means, whereafter the drilled- out piece (13) or a plug (13) corresponding to the drilled-out piece (13) is pressed into the bore (6). 3. A method as defined in claim 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that preferably two strips (14,15) of glass fibre or corresponding fabric are attached to the bottom of each bore (6) by means of the plate (7), before said piece (13) or plug (13) is pressed-in, so that portions of the strips (14,15) project out of the bore (6) and cover a substantial portion of the surface of the slab (3) and the bore, where the projecting portions of the strips are connected to the sur¬ face of the slab (3) and to the fabric (4) when this is applied in order to safely attach the fabric (4) in connection to the bores (6). 4. A method as defined in claim 2 or 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that instead of said cylindric bores (6) recesses with rectangular, preferably square cross-section and with a depth corresponding to the bores (6) are made, which recesses preferably are brought about in that a tool preferably provided with four cutting edges is pressed 5. A method as defined in claim 2, 3 or 4, c h a r a c t e r + z - e d i n that said bores (6) or recesses are arranged with a. horizon¬ tally and vertically spaced relationship of about 45 to 60 cm. 6. A facing element for houses axi other buildings, c h a r a c - t e r i z e d i n that it comprises, from the inside of the house wall (1) and outward, an insulating layer (3), preferably a slab (3) of mineral wool, which is covered by a glass fibre or corresponding fabric (4), and on which fabric (4) is applied a water coat (5) of a material, which is not diffusion-proof, preferably vinyl acrylate dϊs- persed in water, and that the element is attached to the house wall (1) by means of glue or forked clamps (9). 7. An element as defined in claim 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i π that cylindric bores (11) are provided in the wall (l) where a so- called chemical anchor (9,10), a forked clamp (9) or the like Is se- cured, preferably by glue (10), in each bore (11), and that cylindric bores (6) or recesses (6) are located perpendicularly to the surface of the facing element and extend a distance into the Insulating slab (3), where the slab (3) is intended to be fastened to said forked clamp (9) at the bottom (8) of the bore (6) by means of a plate (7) or cor- responding member intended to be tjreaded on the forked clamp (9), and that a cylindric plug (13) corresponding to thebore (6) is provided for plugging the recess (6) after the slab (3) has been fastened at said forked clamp (9) with the plate (7) or corresponding member. 8. An element as defined in claϊra 7, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that preferably two strips (14,15) of glass fibre or corresponding fabric are located in each one of said bores (6) or recesses (6) and in¬ tended to be fastened at the bottom of the bore by means of said plate (7), where the two strips preferably are arranged perpendicularly to each other and given such a length, that they project out of the bore (6) so as to cover a cross-shaped area of the slab (3) about the bore (6), and where the projecting portions are intended to be connected to the slab (3) by means of preferably a glue joint and to the fabric (4) by means of said water coat (5) or by said coat and a glue joint between the fabric (4) and said projecting portions in order to safely attach the fabric (4) in connection to the bores (6). 9- An element as defined in claim 8, c h a r a c t e r i z e d ϊ n thatinstead of said pairs of strips (14,15) in each bore (6) a OMPI pre-shaped attachment piece is used, which comprises a cup-shaped por¬ tion intended to fit into the recess (6), and plane portions intended to be fastened at the slab (3) and the fabric (4). IPO

Inventors: HAELLSTROEM G, LARSSON A
Applicants: BYGGUTVECKLING AB, HAELLSTROEM G, LARSSON A
Application year: 1981
Main classification: E04B1
IPC codes: E04B1