SWITCHING SYSTEM

Abstract: A switching system comprising an exchange (1) with n signal inputs (5) and m subscriber outputs (14) and switching means (6, 7) in the exchange for each subscriber for supplying a signal from one of the signal inputs through a signal separating circuit to the related subscriber output. Between each subscriber output and each subscriber terminal (11) there is a cable connection (2). Each subscriber has signal selecting means (13), which as the subscriber signal receiver (12) are connected to said subscriber terminal and by means of which selecting signals can be transmitted through the cable connection and through said signal separating circuit to a control unit in the exchange for controlling the switching means assigned to the related subscriber. For each subscriber terminal a frequency converter (9) is installed in the exchange between said switching means and said signal separating circuit, which frequency converter converts the signals received through said switching means to a frequency band or channel which can be received by the subscriber signal receiver.

Description: Switching system. The invention relates to a switching system, comprising an exchange with n signal inputs and subscriber outputs, switching means in the exchange for each subscriber for supplying a signal from one of the signal inputs through a signal separating circuit to the related subscriber output, a cable connection between each subscriber output and each subscriber terminal and signal selecting means, which as the subscriber signal receiver are connected to said subscriber terminal and by means of which selecting signals can be transmitted through the cable connection and through said signal separating circuit to a control unit in the exchange for controlling the switching means assigned to the related subscriber. Such switching systems are for instance used in cable television systems for supplying a television program to a subscriber, which subscriber has selected said program out of a number of programs available in the exchange, but such systems can also be used for transmission of radio signals, data signals, etc. In the following reference is made to a cable television system however without restricting the scope of the invention thereto. In a known cable television system of the above decribed type the television signals are each supplied into an own frequency channel to the television signal inputs of the exchange. Each sub¬ scriber can by means of program selecting means transmit a selecting signal to the exchange through the cable between his subscriber ter¬ minal and the exchange. This selecting signal received from the sub- scriber, is through a signal separating circuit supplied to the control unit which in turn controls the switching means assigned to the related subscriber in correspondence with said selecting signal. In this way it is possible for each subscriber to indicate through his program selecting means which of the available television programs he wants to receive and the control unit takes care that the switching means are controlled such that a connection is realized between that television signal input onto which the selected. tele¬ vision program is presented, and the related subscriber output. Each television program is, before it is supplied to the switching means in the exchange, converted from its original frequency band or channel to a common frequency band or channel which is used for all programs. In a known embodiment of said cable television system the band between 7-14 MHz is used therefore. Irrespective of the te¬ levision signal input to which the subscriber output is connected always a signal in the band between 7-14 MHz will appear at said sub¬ scriber output. Because the subscribers are using normal television receivers, suited for receiving television signals in the UEF- and VHF-broadcasting bands, it is necessary to convert the signal, trans- mitted through the cable to the subscriber, in the subscriber station to a channel in the UHF- or VHF-band suitable for reception by a normal television receiver. Therefore it is necessary to install a frequency convertor in each subscriber station, for instance into the subscribers wall socket. This known system has a number of disadvantages. In the first place a relatively expansive frequency convertor is necessary for each subscriber, together with a corresponding power unit which has to fulfil strict requirements in relation to short circuit and overvoltage protection. Furthermore because of the used frequency band between 7-14 MHz frequency equalizing measures are necessary for each subscriber ter¬ minal to avoid distortions. It is furthermore not possible without further measures to receive a number of different television programs by means of a number of television receivers at the subscribers station because all programs are transmitted from the exchange through the cable in one and the same frequency band. That means that the subscriber appre¬ ciating the simultaneous reception of a number of different programs has to be provided with a number of terminals with corresponding cable connections between said terminals and the exchange and corres- ponding frequency convertors between the subscribers ends of said cable connections and the related television receivers. The object of the invention is now to embody the switching circuit of the above mentioned type such, that said disadvantgages are at least significantly eliminated. Said object is according to the invention reached with a switching circuit of the above mentioned type in that for each sub¬ scriber terminal a frequency convertor is installed in the exchange " between said switching means and said signal separation, which fre¬ quency convertor converts the signals received through said switching means into a frequency band or channel which can be received by the subscriber signal receiver. Applying the invention to the cable televion system, used as example, the result thereof is that each program, selected by a subscriber, is in the exchange by said fre¬ quency converter converted to a channel, which can be received by a normal television receiver.The result thereof is that the signals, which are received by the subscriber through the cable, can be di- rectly processed by the television receiver without the intervenience of a frequency convertor. That means that the relatively expensive frequency convertor and the corresponding power unit at the sub¬ scribers station are eliminated. Because furthermore signals of a much higher frequency are transmitted over the cable it is not neces- sary to carry out frequency equalization measures at the subscribers station. A preferred embodiment of the switching circuit according to the invention, used in a cable television system, in which through each subscriber terminal a number of signals can be received onto a cor- responding number of signal receivers is characterized in that for each subscriber signal receiver connected to the subscriber terminal of one subscriber separate switching means are installed into the exchange connected by means of a coupling circuit to the signal sepa¬ rating circuit assigned to said subscriber, whereas separate signal selecting means are assigned to each of the signal receivers, which as said signal receivers are connected to the cable connection through a second coupling circui , whereby between each of said sepa¬ rate switching means and the first coupling circuit in the exchange a frequency convertor is installed for converting the signals received through said switching means to a frequency band or channel, for each signal receiver a different frequency band or channel, which can be received by the related signal receiver. In this embodiment it is therefore possible to transmit a number of programs over one and the same cable to the subscriber, whereby at the subscribers location only a coupling circuit having a signal separating function is neces¬ sary to supply each of the simultaneously received programs to a se¬ parate television receiver. If the television receivers are normal OMPI television apparatusses suitable for reception of the usual channels in the UHF and VHF band, then the second coupling circuit at the sub¬ scribers location may may reduced into a simple cable fork. It is In that case only necessary to provide for each television receiver se- pafate switching means with corresponding frequency convertor into the exchange. The positioning of the frequency converto s into the exchange has furthermore the advantage that it is possible to install a number of said frequency convertors onto one single assembling board or print, resulting into a more efficient manufacturing of these circuits. In that case it is also not necessary to provide one power supply per frequency convertor, but instead thereof one power supply may be used for powering all the frequency convertors. In the following an embodiment of the invention is, as example, described in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures. Fig. 1 illustrates a cable television system ' according to the invention whereby to each subscribers terminal one television receiver is connected. Fig. 2 illustrates a cable television system according to the invention whereby it is possible to receive a number of television programs through one and the same subscriber terminal onto a corres¬ ponding number of receivers. Fig. 1 illustrates a cable television system according to the invention comprising an exchange 1, to which a number of subscriber circuits 3a... 3m is connected through cables 2a... 2m. The exchange has a number of program lines 4a, 4b,... 4n, each at the left hand side in Fig. 1 connected to a television signal input 5a, 5b... 5n. For each subscriber a group of switching means is installed into the exchange. Two of such groups of switching means, assigned to the sub- scribers 3a and 3m are Illustrated in Fig. 1. The switching means as¬ signed to the subscriber 3a are symbolically indicated by means of the switches 6a, 6b,... 6n. The switching means assigned to the sub¬ scriber 3m are symbolically Indicated by means of the switches 7a, 7b,... 7n. Each group of switching means is controlled by a control unit 8a... 8m. The outputs of said switching means 6a, 6b,... 6n are intercoupled and commonly connected to the input of a frequency con¬ vertor 9a. In the same way the outputs of the switching ceans 7a, OMPI 7b,... 7n are interconnected and communly connected to the frequency convertor 9m. In the frequency convertors 9a... 9m the signals re- ' ceived through said switching means are converted to a standard tele¬ vision channel frequency for instance in the UHF- or VHF-band 5 suitable for direct reception by a normal television set. The output signal of each frequency convertor 9a... 9a is supplied to a signal separating circuit 10a... 10m and is from there transmitted via the cable connections 2a... 2m to the respective subscribers 3a... 3m. Each subscriber has a subscriber terminal 11a... 11m from which con- 0 nections are running on the one hand to a normal television receiver 12a... 12m and on the other hand to program selecting means 13a... 13m. Said selecting means 13a... 13m are for instance embodied in the form of a key board having a number of keys corresponding to the available number of television programs or are embodied in the form of a numerical key board having numerical keysons by means of which a number can be keyed in to indicate the desired television program. The actual embodiment of said program selecting means is however in relation to the underlying application not important. The switching means 6a... 6m and 7a... 7m and also the other switching means for all the other subscribers can be embodied using mechanical switches controlled by the related control units 8a... 8m, but it will be clear, that in most cases electronic switches will be preferred. Also in this case the actual embodiment of the switching means is not important for the underlying application. The frequency convertors 9a... 9m are known themselves and do not need further explanation. The signal separating circuits 10a... 10m may be embodied as filter circuits for transmitting television signals from the frequen¬ cy convertors 9a... 9m to the subscriber outputs 14a... 14m of the exchange, whereas in the other direction selecting signals received from the subscribers outputs 14a... 14m and generated by the program selecting means at the subscribers locations, are transferred to the related control unit 8a... 8m. If necessary the subscriber terminals 11a... 11a can comprise filter circuits by means of which television signals are transferred from the cable connection 2a... 2α to the related television set 12a... 12m, whereas in the other direction selecting signals are 6 transferred from the selecting means 13a... 13m to the cable con¬ nection 2a... 2n. The television system illustrated in Fig. 1 operates as follows. Though the television signal inputs 5a... 5n of the exchange conti- nuously the available television programs are supplied to the lines 4a... 4n. Through the branches of said lines leading to the switching means said television programs are supplied to the switching means such as 6a... 6n and 7a... 7n. Now the subscriber 3a transmits by means of his program selecting means selecting signals through the subscriber terminal 11a, the cable connection 2a, the subscriber output 14a and the signal separating circuit 10a to the control unit . 8a Therein the received selecting signals are decoded and one of the switching means 6a... 6n is activated to realize a connection between that specific signal input 5a... 5n onto which the selected program is offered, and the input of the frequency convertor 9a. In said fre¬ quency convertor 9a the received television program is converted from the reception frequency band to a standard television channel in the UHF-band. This frequency converted signal is supplied through the signal separating circuit 10a to the subscriber output and from there transmitted via the cable connection 2a to the subscriber terminal 11a. From the subscriber terminal 11a the television signal is supplied to the receiver 12a. When the subscriber wants to select an other program it is suf¬ ficient to operate the program selecting means for transmitting the corresponding selecting signals to the control unit 8a, which in turn functions such that the specific switching means, which was until then activated, is brought back into the inactive position and an¬ other switching means, corresponding to the selected program, is ac¬ tivated. Because the circuits assigned to the subscriber 3m and to the other subscribers are completely idendical to the circuits assigned to the subscriber 3a, these circuits will not be discussed here in detail. Fig. 2 illustrates a further embodiment of this television system, in which it is possible to connect a number of television sets to one subscriber terminal and to receive on each set an inde¬ pendent selectable program. For the sake of clearness only the OMPI circuits corresponding to one single subscriber 3i are shown. In the Illustrated embodiment said subscriber has two television sets 21a and 21b with corresponding program selecting means 22a and 22b. These television apparatusses are as the corresponding program selecting means connected to a apparatus connection 23a respectively 23b and from these apparatus connections lines are running to the signal separating circuit 24. Also in this case the exchange comprises program lines 4a, 4b, 4c... 4n, which are on the one hand connected to the television signal inputs 5a, 5b, 5c... 5n through which the available programs are supplied. The switching means 16a, 16b, 16c... 16n and 17a, 17b, 17c... 17n are through branches in the illustrated manner connected to the program lines 4a... 4n, each switching means to one program line. The switching means 16a... 16n, 17a... 17n are in this embodiment controlled in common by one control unit 18. The outputs of the switching means 16a... 16n are interconnected and in common connected to the frequency converter 19a, whereas the outputs of the switching means 17a... 17n are interconnected and in common connected to the input of the frequency converter 19b. The outputs of said frequency convertors 19a and 19b are interconnected and in common connected to the signal separating circuit 30, froti which the output signal of the exchange is supplied via the subscriber output 14i and the cable connection 2i to the suscriber 3i. This further embodiment of the system according to the invention operates as follows. When the subscriber for instance likes to receive on the television receiver 21a the program, which is offered on the television signal input 5b, then he operates the program selecting means 22a in the suitable way, for instance by pressing a key corresponding to the program on the television signal input 5b. A selecting signal is then transmitted from the program selecting means through the apparatus connection 23a, the signal separating circuit 24, the subscriber terminal 111, the cable connection 2i, the sub¬ scriber output 14i and the signal separating circuit 30 to the control unit 18i. Said control unit has in comparison with the control units 8a... 8n in the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1 a more extended function. Said control unit not only has to control the group of switching means 16a... 16n, but also has to control the further group of switching means 17a... I7n. In the first place said OMPI control unit 18 has to be able to distinguish between the groups of switching means for which the received selecting signal is destined, and thereafter one of the switching means out of this group has to be activated. In the underlying example said control unit 18 will select the group of switching means 16a... 16n and of this group will ac¬ tivate the switching means 16b. The result thereof is a connection between the television signal input 5b and the input of the frequency convertor 19a. In this convertor 19a the received television signal is transferred to a channel in the normal DBF- or VHF-band and there- after transmitted through the signal separating circuit 30, the sub¬ scriber output 14i, the cable connection 2i and the subscriber ter¬ minal Hi to the signal separating circuit 24. Said signal separating circuit 24 distinguishes in this example between signals received from the frequency convertor 19a and signals received from the fre- quency convertor 19b because both convertors are transferring the re¬ ceived television signals to another channel. The frequency convertor 19a, for instance converts the received television signals to channel 2, whereas the frequency convertor 19b converts the received signals for instance to channel 3. In the signal separated circuit 24 all the signals received in channel 2 are supplied to the apparatus con¬ nection 23a, whereas all the signals received in channel 3 are supplied to the apparatus connection 23b. In this way the program selected by means of the switching means 16b and converted by means of the convertor 19a is supplied to the apparatus connection 23a and from there received by the televison receiver 21a. Simultaneous therewith it is possible to select a program by means of the program selecting means 23b for reception onto the television receiver 21b. Said selecting signals are in the same way as above described trans¬ ferred to the control unit 18 where the decision is taken that these signals are destined to control the switching means 17a... 17m and thereafter one of said switching means, for instance 17c is acti¬ vated. The program received from the television signal input 5a is then through said switching means 17c supplied to the frequency con¬ verter 19b and therein converted ( in this example) to channel 3. The television signals are then through the signal separating circuit 30, the subscriber output I4i, the cable connection 2i and the subscriber terminal 111 transferred to the signal separating circuit 24. Because the signals are received in channel 3 these signals are supplied to the apparatus connection 23b and are from there received by the re¬ ceiver 21b. Because television receivers for normal use have tuning units, which only will pass one signal channel it will be clear, that when using such normal television sets the signal separating circuit 24 nay be reduced to a simple cable branch. Although in Fig. 2 an embodiment is illustrated in which per ' subscriber two television sets can be installed for independently re- ceiving different programs through one and the same subscriber ter¬ minal, it will be clear that this number can be extended to an arbi¬ trary number, whereby for each television set a group of switching means has to be present in the exchange with a thereto corresponding frequency convertor. All frequency convertors which are through a signal separating circuit connected to one subscriber output have to convert the received programs into a different channel. The signal separating circuit 24 at the subscriber location has to be able to distinguish the different channels to supply the correct signals to the related apparatus connection, unless as is already above men- tioned the channel tuning is carried out in the television apparatus- see themselves in which case the signal separating circuit may be reduced into a cable branch. Furthermore it will be clear, that the control unit 18 can be subdivided into a number of separate control units related each to a group of switching means, whereby the selecting signals for instance contain an identification signal to indicate which of the control units should be turned on to activate one of the switching means of the corresponding group of switching means on the basis of the re¬ ceived selecting signals. It is also possible to use only one adapted key board per sub¬ scriber or to use otherwise embodied selecting means for selecting the programs to be received by each of the television receivers at the subscribers location. Said key board may in that case comprise keys by means of which first the apparatus is identified and thereafter are used for selec¬ ting the program to be received onto said apparatus. In the switching system according to the invention it is pos- 10 sible to connect each subscriber through one single cable connection to the exchange whereby each subscriber has the possibility, provided that the exchange is suitably adapted, to install one or more tele¬ vision receivers for receiving simultaneously different programs.

Claims: II C L I M S. 1. Switching system comprising an exchange with n signal Inputs and m subscriber outputs, switching means in the exchange for each subscriber for supplying a signal from one of the signal inputs through a signal separating circuit to the related subscriber output, a cable connection between each subscriber output and each subscriber terminal and signal selecting means, which as the subscriber signal receiver are connected to said subscriber terminal and by means of which selecting signals can be transmitted through the cable connect- ion and through said signal separating circuit to a control unit in the exchange for controlling the switching means assigned to the re¬ lated subscriber, characterized in that for each subscriber terminal a frequency convertor is installed in the exchange between said switching means and said signal separating circuit, which frequency convertor converts the signals received through said switching means to a frequency band or channel which can be received by the sub¬ scriber signal receiver. 2. Switching system according to claim 1, whereby through each subscriber terminal a number of signals can be received onto a cor- responding number of signal receivers, characterized in that for each subscriber signal receiver connected to the subscriber terminal of one subscriber separate switching means are installed into the exchange connected by means of a coupling circuit to the signal sepa¬ rating circuit assigned to said subscriber, whereas separate signal selecting means are assigned to each of the signal receivers, which as said signal receivers are connected to the cable connection through a second coupling circuit, whereby between each of said sepa¬ rate switching means and the first coupling circuit in the exchange a frequency convertor is installed for converting the signals received through said switching means to a frequency band or channel, for each signal receiver a different frequency band or channel, which can be received by the related receiver. 3. Switching circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that for each subscriber output a control unit is installed in the exchange for controlling all the switching means assigned to the re¬ lated subscriber output. 4. Switching system according to claim 2, characterized in that OMPI the switching means assigned to each separate signal receiver are controlled by a separate control units, whereby the control units as¬ signed to each subscriber are configurated for receiving each select¬ ing signals from one of said selecting means at the subscriber sta- tiδn concerned. 5. Switching system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one single control unit is present in the exchange to control all switching means in said exchange. Y λ IPO

Inventors: ROO MINNO DE
Applicants: DELTAKABEL BV, ROO MINNO DE
Application year: 1981
Main classification: H04H1
IPC codes: H04H1, H04H20, H04N7