POLYVINYL HALIDE RESIN COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING 1,3 DICARBONYL COMPOUNDS

Abstract: 1,3-Dicarbonyl compounds are provided having the for­ mula: wherein: R₁ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydrocarbon groups having from one to about eighteen car­ bon atoms and such groups substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of halogen, hyd­ roxy, alkoxy OR₁, ester COOR₁, alkyl and alkoxycarbonyl alkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms, and - R₂; R₂ is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms and such groups substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy OR₁, ester COOR₁, alkyl and alkoxycarbonyl alkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms; R₃ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydrocarbon groups having from one to about eighteen car­ bon atoms and such groups substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of halogen, hyd­ roxy, alkoxy OR₁, ester COOR₁, alkyl and alkoxycarbonyl alkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms; as well as metal and organotin enolate salts thereof. The compounds are effective in enhancing the resistance to deterioration by heat and light of polyvinyl halide resins.

Description: 1, 3-DICARBONYL COMPOUNDS AND POLYVINYL HALIDE RESIN COMPOSITIONS CONTAiNING THE SAME 1, 3-Dicarbonyl compounds are 3inown stabilizers for halogen-containing resins 3. Darby, U.S. patent No. 2, 659, 548, patented February 16, 1954, discloses halogen-containing resin compo sitions having improved stability containing a mixture of a zinc salt and a calcium chelate derivative of a 1, 3-dicarbonylic compound. F. Ebel, U.S. patent No. 3,00f, 970, patented September 26, 1961, discloses preventing the discoloration of vinylidene chloride polymers by light by adding a small amount of dibenzoyl methane. British patent No. 1, 141, 971 of May 23, 1967 to W. R. Grace & Co. discloses zine complexes of beta-dicarbonyl com- pounds, used as stabilizing additives for chlorine-containing polymers. L. Weisfeld, U.S. patent No. 3,493,536, patented February 3, 1970, discloses that diaroylmethane compounds provide stabilizing action against the sensitizing effect of bismuth or antimony compounds on chlorine- containing materials. M. Crochemore, U.S. patent No. 4,102, 8397 patented July 25, 1978, discloses the possibility of preventing the thermal breakdown of vinyl chloride polymers by adding one or more metal salts and a 1, 3-dicarbonyl compound. M. Gay, U S. patentsNos. 4,123,399and4, 123,400, patented October 31, 1978, discloses vinyl chloride compositions containing metal salts, polyol and a 1,3 -dicarbonyl compound. 1, 3-Dicarbonyl compounds are known that contain carboxy or ester groups, but not as vinyl chloride polymer stabilizers. 1, 3-Dicarbonyl compounds containing carboxy or ester groups can be prepared by the base-catalyzed condensation reaction of a diester of benzene dicarboxylic acid with a ketone (see, for example, B.T. Brownetal, Peptic. Sci. 1off, 473-484) or by reaction of a carboxy acetophenone with a carboxylic ester (see, for example, H. Imai et al, Nippon Kagaku Kaishi 1977 1081). In accordance with the present invention, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds are provided having the formula: EMI2.1 wherein: Rl is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydrocarbon groups having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms and such groups substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy OR1, ester COOR1, alkyl and alkoxycarbonyl alkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms, and EMI2.2 R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms and such groups substituted with one or more g roups selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy OR1, ester COORi, alkyl and alkoxycarbonyl alkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms; R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen7 hydrocarbon groups having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms and such groups substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy OR1, ester COOR1, alkyl and alkoxycarbonyl alkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms; as well as metal and organotin enolate salts thereof. The compounds are effective in enhancing the resistance to deterioration by heat and light of polyvinyl halide resins. The 1, 3-dicarbonyl compound is employed with such resins in an amount within the range from 0. 0001 to 3 parts, preferably from 0. 001 to 1 part, by weight of the resin. These compounds also exist in the equilibrium forms of metal and organotin enolate salts of either or both (in admixture) of the two general enol forms: EMI3.1 (assuming one Rl =H) The metal as in other enolate salts replaces one or more hydrogens of the enol hydroxyls,according to the valence of the metal,producing enolate salts of one or both of the forms: EMI4.1 which salts are accordingly represented generically herein by the formula: EMI4.2 it being understood thal one hydrogen is replaced by M at one enol group. n represents the valence of M. M is any metal, monovalent or polyvalent, preferably a metal conventionally used in metal salt stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride resins, such as lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, strontium, barium, calcium, cadmium, lead, zinc, aluminum, antimony, tin or zirconium, as well as organotin (R)m Sn where m is one, two or three, and R is a hydrocarbon group having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms. The tautomeric equilibrium between form I and forms II and III can be represented as follows: For the monovalent metal salts M, the equilibrium becomes: EMI5.1 For polyvalent metal salts, the 1,3-dicarbonyl radical is multiplied according to the valence of M. All forms of 1 3 -dicarbonyl compounds of this invention are effective in stabilizing polyvinyl halide resins. When M is a metal, while numerous structural formulae can be written, differing in the location of metal in the enolate, all are equivalent, and therefore the formula is better represented as a hybrid of all formulae than any single one. The M organotin group has from one to three hydrocarbon groups R linked to tin through carbon. Each hydrocarbon group R linked to carbon can have from one to eighteen carbon atoms. The hydrocarbon groups R include alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, and alkylaryl groups. The R group can also be substituted with one or more ester groups COOT2. Alkyl groups and alkoxycarbonyl alkyl groups are preferred. Exemplary R groups include methyl, butyl, hexyl, octyl, isooctyl, 2-ethyl hexyl, nonyl, decyl, stearyl; cyclohexyl, cy clopentyl, cy cloheptyl; phenyl, benzyl phenethyl, naphthyl; methoxy c arbonylethyl, ethoxy carbonylmethyl, and butoxy carbonyl- ethyl. The total of the number of organic groups R linked to tin through carbon plus the number of 1, 3-dicarbonyl groups is: Type of organotin group: Monoorganotin Diorganotin Triorganotin RSn 122Sn R3 Sn Number of 1, 3-dicarbonyl groups: 3 2 1 The organic groups R linked to tin through carbon can be the same or different. Representative organotin groups include monomethyltin, mono-n-butyltin, monoisobutyltin, mono-2-ethylhexyltin, methoxycarbonylethyltin; dimethyltin, di-n-butyltin, di(ethoxycarbonyl- ethyltin, methyl-n-octyltin, n-butyl-n-butoxy carbonylethyltin, di-n- octyltin; tri(methoxy carb onylethyl)tin, tri-n-octyltin, and methyl di (2- ethylhexyloxycarbonylethyl)tin. The hydrocarbon groups Rl, R2 and R3 can be open chain or cyclic, and include such aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon groups as alkyl groups having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms; cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkylene, and alkylcycloalkyl groups having from five to about eighteen carbon atoms; and aryl groups (including aralkyl and alkaryl groups) having from six to about eighteen carbon atoms; for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, amyl, tert-amyl, tert-hexyl, tert-heptyl, iso-heptyl, tert-octyl, 2 4, 4-trimethylpentyl, 2-ethylhexyl, iso-octyl, nonyl, decyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl; l-methylcyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl; phenyl, naphthyl, methylphenyl, ethylphenyl, butylphenyl, t-butylphenyl, octylphenyl, nonylphenyl, dimethylphenyl, benzyl and phenethyl. Substituted hydrocarbon R1, R2 and R3 groups include trifluoromethyl, trichlo romethyl, hydroxyhe ptade cyl, meth oxyethyl, hydroxyphenyl, methoxyphenyl, methylenedioxyphenyl, carbomethoxyphenyl and chlorophenyl. Particularly preferred 1, 3-dicarbonyl compounds represented by the above general formulae according to the invention include the compounds shown below, as well as their enoi tautomers, and metal enolates and organotin enolates: EMI7.1 EMI8.1 EMI9.1 EMI10.1 These compounds can be named as follows: 1. 2- Carboxybenzoybenzoylmethane 2. 2-Carbomethoxybenzoyl-benzoylmethane 3. 2 - Carbomethoxybenzoyl-stearoylmethane 4. 2- Carbomethoxybenzoyl-acetylmethane 5. 2 - Carbomethoxybenzoyl-acetyl- o ctylmethane 6. 2 - Carbomethoxybenzoyl-diacetylmethane 7. 3-Carbomethoxybenzoyl-benzoylmethane 8. 3- Carbomethoxybenzoyl-4-methoxybenzoylmethane 9. 3 - Carbomethoxybenzoyl-acetylmethane 10. 3-Carbomethoxybenzoyl-palmitoylmethane 11. 3- Carbomethoxybenzoyl-stearoylmethane 12. 3-Carbomethoxybenzoyl-acetyl-decylmethane 13. 3-Carboethoxybenzoyl-benzoylmethane 14. 3 - Carboxyphenylbenzoyl-benzoylmethane 15. 4-Carbomethoxybenzoyl-benzoylmethane 16. 4-Carbomethoxybenzoyl-4-t-butylbenzoylmethane 17. 4-Carbomethoxybenzoyl-dibenzoylmethane 18. Bis-(4-carbomethoxybenzoyl)nethane 19. 4-Carbomethoxybenzoyl-octanoylmethane 20. 4- Carboo ctoxybenzoyl-propionyl- methylmethane 21. 4-Carbomethoxybenzoyl-acetylmethane 22. 4-Carbomethoxybenzoyl-phenylacetylmethane The 1, 3-dicarbonyl compounds are prepared by the conventional procedures described in the prior art referred to above. The preparation of the 1, 3-dicarbonyl compounds is illustrated by the following Examples: EXAMPLE I P reparation of 3 - carbomethoxybenzoyl-b enzoylmethane A mixture of 50 g of 28% sodium methoxide (methanol solution) and 100 ml of xylene was heated and methanol was distilled off. Dimethyl isophthalate 93. 1 g and acetophenone 28.8 g were added and the mixture then heated and stirred at 1300C for two hours. After cooling, the reaction mixture was neutralized with dilute hydrochloric acid, and then washed with water and dried. The solvent was evaporated, and the residue was recrystallized from methanol. 47. 6 g of pale yellow powder was obtained. The product had a melting point of 106 to 108"C. EXAMPLE II Preparation of 4- carbomethoxybenz oyl-benzoylm ethane A mixture of 50 g of 28% sodium methozide (methanol solution) and 100 ml of xylene was heated, and methanol was distilled off. Dimethylterephthalate 93. 1 g and acetophenone 28.8 g were added and the mixture then heated and stirred at 1300C for two hours. After cooling, the reaction mixture was neutralized with dilute hydrochloric acid, and then washed with water and dried. The solvent was evaporated, and the residue was recrystallized from methanol. 47. 6 g of pale yellow powder was obtained. The product had a melting point of 107 to 108"C. EXAMPLE III Preparation of zinc salt of 4-carbomethoxybenzoyl-benzoylmethane 4-Carbomethoxybenzoyl-benzoylmethane 14. 1 g prepared according to Example II was dissolved in 50 ml of benzene, and 10 g of 28% sodium methoxide (methanol solution) was added. The solution was heated and stirred for one hour, and the precipitate that formed (sodium salt of 4- carbomethoxybenz oyl-b enzoylmethane) was filtered off. The precipitate was dissolved in 100 ml of water, and 3.4 g of zinc chloride added. The solution was heated and stirred for two hours, and the precipitate that formed was filtered off and dried. 15.3 g of yellow powder was collected. The product had a melting point of 238 to 2430 C. The 1, 3-dicarbonyl compounds of the invention are especially effective in enhancing the resistance to deterioration by heat and light of polyvinyl halide resins. The term "polyvinyl halide" as used herein is inclusive of any polymer formed at least in part of the recurring group: EMI13.1 and having a halogen content in excess of ic- In this group, Xi is halogen: fluorine, chlorine or bromine, and the X2 groups can each be either hydrogen or halogen, and n is the number of such units in the polymer chain. In polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl bromide homopolymers, each of the N7 groups is hydrogen. Thus, the term includes not only polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl bromide homopolymers, but also afterhalogenated polyvinyl halides as a class, for example, the after chlorinated polyvinyl chlorides disclosed in British patent No. 893,288, and also polyvinylidene chloride, chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polypropylene, chlorinated rubber and copolymers of vinyl fluoride, vinyl chloride or vinyl bromide in a major proportion and other copolymerizable monomers in a minor proportion, such as copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, copolymers of vinyl chloride with acrylic or maleic or fumaric acids or esters such as acrylic acid ester, maleic acid ester, methacrylic acid ester and acrylonitrile, and copolymers of vinyl chloride with styrene, ethylene, propylene, isobutene, vinylidene chloride, butadiene, isoprene; terpolymers of vinylcllloride, styrene and acrylonitrile. The 1, 3-dicarbonyl compounds are effective also with mixtures of polyvinyl halide in a major proportion with a minor proportion of other synthetic resins such as chlorinated polyethylene or a terpolymer of acrylonitrile butadiene and styrene. The 1, 3-dicarbonyl compounds are applicable to the stabilization of rigid polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl bromide resin compositions, that is, polyvinyl halide resin compositions which are formulated to withstand high processing temperatures, of the order of 375"F and higher, as well as plasticized polyvinyl halide resin compositions of conventional formulation, even though resistance to heat distortion is not a requisite. Conventional plasticizers well known to those skilled in the art can be employed such as, for example, dioctyl phthalate, octyl diphenyl phosphate and epoxidized soybean oil. Particularly useful plasticizers are the epoxy higher esters having from 20 to 150 carbon atoms. Such esters will initially have had unsaturation in the alcohol or acid portion of the molecule, which is taken up by the formation of the epoxy group. Typical unsaturated acids are acrylic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, erucic, ricinoleic, and brassidic acids, and these may be esterified with organic monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, the total number of carbon atoms of the acid and the alcohol being within the range stated. Typical monohydric alcohols include butyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, laurel alcohol, isooctyi alcohol, stearyl alcohol and oleyl alcohol. The octyl alcohols are preferred. Typical polyhydric alcohols include pentaerythr itol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1, 4-butylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, ricinoleyl alcohol, erythritol, mannitol and sorbitol. Glycerol is preferred. These alcohols may be fully or partially esterified with the epoxidized acid. Also useful are the epoxidized mixtures of higher fatty acid esters found in naturally occurring oils such as epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized olive oil, epoxidized coconut oil, epoxidized cottonseed oil, epoxidized tall oil fatty acid esters and epoxidized tallow. Of these, epoxidized soybean oil is preferred. Also useful are epoxidized polybutadiene, methyl- butyl- or 2-ethylhexyl epoxy stearate, tris(epoxypropyl) isocyanurate, epoxidized castor oil, epoxidized safflower oil, 3 - (2-xenoxy)- 1,2- epoxypropane, Bisphenol A-polyglycidylether, vinylcyclohexene-di- epoxide, dicyclopentadiene di- epoxide and 3,4 - epoxycy clohexylm ethyl-3, 4- epoxycyclohexane carboxylate. The alcohol can contain the epoxy group and have a long or short chain, and the acid can have a short or long chain, such as epoxystearyl acetate, epoxystearyl stearate, glycidyl stearate, and polymerized glyc idyl methacrylate. The polyvinyl halide resin can be in any physical form, including, for example, powders, films, sheets, molded articles, foams, filaments, and yarns. A sufficient amount of the 1, 3-dicarbonyl compound is used to enhance the resistance of the polyvinyl halide to deterioration in physical properties, including, for example, discoloration and embrittlement, under the heat and/or light conditions to which the polymer will be subjected. Very small amounts are usually adequate. Amounts within the range from about 0. 0001 to about 3% by weight of the polyvinyl halide resin are satisfactory. Preferably, an amount within the range from about 0. 001 to about tic is employed, for optimum stabilizing effectiveness. The 1, 3-dicarbonyl compounds of the invention can be employed as the sole stabilizer. They can also be used in combination with other conventional heat and light stabilize s for polyvinyl halide resins, in which combinations they show synergistic interaction, and provide an enhanced effectiveness, such as, for example, monovalent and polyvalent metal salts, alkaline earth metal phenolates, organic ' phosphites, and phenolic antioxidants, as well as 1,2-epoxy compounds, organotin compounds, thioethers, and ultraviolet light stabilizers. The metal salts of carboxylic acids can be alkali metal salts, such as the lithium, sodium and potassium salts. The polyvalent metal salts can be salts of any metal of Group II of the Periodic Table, such as zinc, calcium, cadmium, barium, magnesium and strontium, as well as tin, aluminum, zirconium and antimony. The organic acid will ordinarily have from about six to about twenty-four carbon atoms, and can be any organic nonnitrogenous monocarboxylic acid. The aliphatic, aromatic, alicyclic and oxygen-containing heterocyclic organic acids are operable as a class. By the term "aliphatic acid" is meant any open chain carboxylic acid, substituted, if desired, with nonreactive groups, such as halogen, sulfur and hydroxy. By the term "alicyclic" it will be understood that there is intended any cyclic acid in which the ring is nonaromatic and composed solely of carbon atoms, and such acids may if desired have invert, nonreactive substituents such as halogen, hydroxyl, alkyl radicals, alkenyl radicals and other carbocyclic ring structures condensed therewith. The oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds can be aromatic or nonaromatic and can include oxygen and carbon in the ring structure, such as alkyl-substituted furoic acid. The aromatic acids likewise can have nonreactive ring substituents such as halogen, alkyl and alkenyl groups, and other saturated or aromatic rings condensed therewith. As exemplary of the acids which can be used in the form of their metal salts there can be mentioned the following: hexoic acid, 2-ethylhexoic acid, n-octoic acid, isooctoic acid, pelargonic acid, neodecanoic acid, capric acid, undecylic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, 12 hydroxystearic acid, oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, erucic acid, behenic acid, chlorocaproic acid, hydroxy capric acid, benzoic acid, phenylacetic acid, butyl benzoic acid, ethyl benzoic acid, isopropyl benzoic acid, hexyl benzoic acid, salicylic acid, 5-toctyl salicylic acid, naphthoic acid, 1-naphthalene acetic acid, orthobenzoyl benzoic acid, naphthenic acids derived from eum, abietic acid, dihydroabietic acid, hexahydrobenzoL.c acid, and methyl furoic acid, as well as partially esterified dibasic acids such as monobutylphthalate, i sooctyimaleate and 2-ethoxyethyl male ate. The water-insoluble salts are preferred, because they are not leached out when the plastic is in contact with water-. Where these salts are not known, they are made by the usual types of reactions, such as by mixing the acid, or anhydride with the corresponding oxide or hydroxide of the metal in a liquid solvent, and heating, if necessary, until salt. formation is complete. Instead of or together with the above metal salts of organic acids, a metal salt of a phenol or hydrocarbon-substituted phenol can be used. Among such metal phenolates there can be mentioned salts of any of the above monovalent and polyvalent metals with phenol, cresol, ethylphenol, xylenol, butylphenol, isoamylphenol, isooctylphenol, t-nonylphenol, d ecylph enol, dodecylphenol, toctylphenol, cyclohexylphenyl, di-t-nonylphenol, methyl isohexyl phenol, phenylphenol. A variety of organic triphosphites and acid phosphites can be employed, of which the following are exemplary. The organic triphosphite can be any organic phosphite having three or more organic radicals attached to phosphorus through oxygen. The acid phosphite can be any organic phosphite having one or two organic radicals attached to phosphorus through oxygen. These radicals can be monovalent radicals, in the case of the triphosphites, diphosphites and monophosphites. The organic triphosphites in which the radicals are monovalent radicals can be defined by the formula: EMI19.1 in which R1, R2 and R3 are selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, and cycldalkyl groups having from one to about thirty carbon atoms. The acid phosphites are defined by the same formula, but one or two of R1, R2 and R3 is hydrogen or a cation of a metal or ammonium. Also included are the organic triphosphites having a bivalent organic radical forming a heterocyclic ring with the phosphorus of the type: EMI19.2 in which R4 is a bivalent organic radical selected from the group consisting of alkylene, arylene, aralkylene, alkarylene and cycloalkylene radicals having from two to about thirty carbon atoms, and R5 is a monovalent organic radical as defined:above in the case of R1, R2 and R3. R5 is hydrogen or a cation, in the case of the acid phosphites. Also useful organic triphosphites are mixed heterocyclicopen chain phosphites of the type: EMI20.1 More complex triphosphites are formed from trivalent organic radicals, of the type: EMI20.2 in which R6 is a trivalent organic radical of any of the types of R1 to R5, inclusive, as defined above. A particularly useful class of complex triphosphites are the tetraoxadiphosphaspiro undecanes of the formula: EMI20.3 where Rl and R2 are selected from the group consisting of aryl, alkyl, aryloxyethyl, alkyloxyethyl, aryloxyethoxyethyl, alkyloxyethoxyethyl and alkyloxypolyethoxyethyl having from about one to about thirty carbon atoms. In the case of the acid phosphites, one or both of El and R2 is also hydrogen or a cation. An especially preferred class of organic triphosphites and acid phosphites have a bicyclic aromatic group attached to phosphorus through oxygen, with no or one or more phenolic hydroxyl groups on either or both of the aromatic rings. These phosphites are characterized by the formula: EMI21.1 in which Ar is a mono or bicyclic aromatic nucleus and m is an integer of from 0 to about 5. EMI21.2 is one or a plurality of organic radicals as defined above for Rl to R6, taken singly or together in sufficient number to satisfy the valences of the two phosphite oxygen atoms. One or both EMI21.3 radicals is also hydrogen, in the case of the acid phosphites, and can include additional bicyclic aromatic groups of the type (HO)mAr. The cation in the case of acid phosphites can be a metal; such as an alkali metal, for instance, sodium, potassium or lithium; an alkaline earth metal, for instance, barium, calcium, or a nontoxic polyvalent metal, such as magnesium, tin and zinc. Usually, the triphosphites and acid phosphites will not have more than about sixty carbon -atoms. Exemplary triphosphites are monophenyl di-2ethylhexyl phosphite, diphenyl mono-2-ethylhexyi phosphite, diisooctyl monotolyl phosphite, tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphite, phenyl dicyclohexyl phosphite, phenyl diethyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, tricresyl phosphite, tri(dimethylphenyl) phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, triisooctyl phosphite, tridodecyl phosphite, isooctyl diphenyl phosphite, diisooctyl phenyl phosphite, tri(toctylphenyl) phosphite, tri(t-nonylphenyl) phosphite, benzyl methyl isopropyl phosphite, butyl dicresyl phosphite, isooctyl di(octylphenyl) phosphite, di(2ethylhexyl) (isooctylphenyl) phosphite, tri( 2- cyclohexylphenyl) pho sphite, tri- o( -naphthyl phosphite, tri(phenylphenyl) phosphite, tri(2-phenylethyl) phosphite, ethylene phenyl phosphite, ethylene t-butyl phosphite, ethylene isohexyl phosphite, ethylene isooctyl phosphite, ethylene cyclohexyl phosphite, 2-phenoxy-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane, 2-butoxy-1,3,2-dioxyphosphorinane, 2-octoxy-5, 5-dimethyl-dioxaphosphorinane, and 2-cyclohexyloxy-5,5-diethyl dioxaphosphorinane. Exemplary pentaerythritol triphosphites are 3,9-diphenoxy-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-D,9-diphosphaspiro- (5,5)-undecane (diphenyl-pentaerythritol-diphosphite), 3,9-di(decycloxy)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro (5,5)-undecane, 3,9-di(isodecyloxy)-2,4,8-10-tetraoxa- 3,9-diphosphaspiro-(5, 5)-undecane, 3,9-di(octadecyloxy)2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro-(5,5)-undecane, 3-phenoxy-9-isodecyloxy-2,4,8,1Q-tetraoxa-3,9-diphos- phaspiro- (5, 5)-undecane, 3; 9-di(methoxy)-2, 4, 8, 10-tetraoxa-3, 9diphosphaspiro-(5,5)-undecane, 3,9-di(lauryloxy)-2,4,8,10-tetra oxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro-(5,5)-undecane, 3,9-di-p-tolyloxy2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro-(5,5)-undecane; 3,9-di (methoxyethyloxy)-2, 4, 8, 10-tetraoxa-3, 9-diphosphasptro-(5, 5)undecane; 3-methoxyethyloxy- 9- isodecyloxy-2, 4, 8, 10-tetraoxa 3, 9-diphosphaspiro- (5, 5)-undecane; 3, 9-di (ethoxyethyloxy)- 2,4,8, 10-tetraoxa-3, 9-diphosphaspiro- (5, 5)-undecane; 3,9-di (butoxyethyloxy)-2, 4, 8, 10-tetraoxa-3, 9-diphosphaspiro- (5, 5)undecane; 3-methoxyethyloxy-9-butoxyethyloxy-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa 3, 9-diphosphaspiro- (5, 5)-undecane; 3, 9-di(methoxyethoxyethyloxy)- 2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphospaspiro-(5,5)-undecane; 3,9-di (butoxyethoxyethyloxy)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro (5, 5)-undecane; 3, 9-di(methoxyethoxyethoxyethyloxy)-2, 4,8,10- tetraoxa- 3, 9-diphosphaspiro- (5, 5)-undecane; 3, 9-di (methoxy (polyethoxy)ethyloxy-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro (5, 5)-undecane (where the (polyethoxy)ethyloxy group has an average molecular weight of 350) 3, 9-di (methoxy(polyethoxy) ethyloxy)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspito-(5,5)-undecane (where the (polyethoxy)ethyloxy group has an average molecular weight of 550). Exemplary of thebis aryl triphosphites are: bis (4,4'thio-bis (2-tertiary butyl-5-methyl-phenol)) isooctyl phosphite, mono (4, 4'-thio-bis(2-tertiary-butyl-5-methyl phenol)) di-phenyl phosphite, tri- (4,4' -n-butylidene-bis (2-tertiary-butyl-5-methyl- phenol))phosphite, (4,4'-benzylidene-bis(2-tertiary-butyl-5methyl phenol)) diphenyl phosphite, isooctyl 2,2'-bis(-parahydroxyphenyl) propane phosphite, decyl 4,4'-n-butylidene-bis(2-tertiarybutyl-5-methylphenol) phosphite, tri-4,4'-thio-bis(2-tertiary-butyl 5-metylphenol) phosphite, 2-ethylhexyl-2; ;2'-methylene-bis (4-methyl-6,1'-methylcyclohexyl) phenol phosphite, tri (2,2'-bis (para-hydroxyphenyl) propane) phosphite, tri(4, 4'-thio-bis (2 tertiary-butyl- 5-methyl-phenol) phosphite, isooctyl-(2, 6 -b s (2' hydroxy-3,5-dinonylbenzyl)-4-monyl phenyl)) phosphite, tetra tridecyl 4,4'-n-butylidene-bis(2-tertiary butyl-5-methyl phenyl) diphosphite, tetra-isooctyl 4,4' -thio-bis(2-tertiary butyl-5-methyl phenyl) diphosphite, 2,2'-metylene-bis(4-methyl 6,1'-methyl cyclohexyl phenyl) polyphosphite, isooctyl-4, 4'-isopropylidenebis-phenyl-polyphosphite, 2-ethylhexyl-2, 2'-methylene-bis (4methyl-6,1'-methyl-cyclohexyl) phenyl triphosphite, tetra kidecyl-4, 4'-oxydiphenyl dIphosphite, tetra-n-dodecyl-4, 4'-nbutylidene bis(2-tertiary-butyl-5-methylphenyl) diphosphite, tetra-tridecyl-4,4'-iso-prpprylidene bisphenyl diphosphite, hexa tridecyl butane-1,1,3-tris(2'-methyl-5'-tertiary-butylphenyl-4'-) triphosphite. Exemplary acid phosphites are di(phenyl) phosphite, monophenyl phosphite, mono-(diphenyl) phosphite, dicresyl phosphite, di(o-isooctylphenyl) phosphite, di(p-ethylhexylphenyl) phosphite, di(p-t-octylphenyl) phosphite, di(Dimethylphenyl) phosphite, di-n-butyl phospite, di-2-ethylhexyl phospite, mono 2-ethylhexyl phosphite, diisooctyl phosphite, monoisooctyl pho sphite, monododecyl phosphite, 2-ethylhexyl phenyl phosphite, 2-ethylhexyl-(n-octylphenyl) phospite, monocyclohexyl phospite, dicyclohexyl phosphite, di(2-cyclohexyl phenyl) phosphite, di-a- naphthyl phosphfte, diphenyl phenyl phosphite, di(diphenyl) phosphite, di- (2·phenyl ethyl) phosphite, dibenzyl phosphite, monobenzyl phosphite, butyl cresyl phosphite and didodecyl pho sphite, cresyl pho sphite, t-octylphenyl phosphite, ethylene phosphite, butyl cresyl phosphite, isooctyl monotolyl phosphite and phenyl cyclohexyl phosphite. Exemplary of the bis aryl acid phosphites are: bis(4, 4'thio-bis(2-tertiary-butyl-5-methyl-phenol)) phosphite, (4, 4'-thiobis (2-tertiary-butyl-5-methyl-phenol)) phenyl phosphite, bis (4,4' n-butylidene-bis(2-tertiary-butyl-5-methyl-phenol)) phosphite, mono (4, 4' -benzylidene-bis (2 -tertiary-butyl- 5-methyl-phenol)) phosphite, mono (2,2' -bis- (parahydroxyphenyl) propane) phosphite, mono (4, 4' -n-butyl idene-bis (2 -tertiary-butyl- 5-methyl-phenol) phosphite, b is bis -thio-bis(2-tertiary-butyl-5-methylphenol)) phosphite, mono-2 -ethylhexyl-mono-2, 2' methylene-bis 4(4-methyl- 6, I'm ethylcyclohexyl) phenol phosphite, bis (2,2'-bis-(para- hydroxyphenyl) propane) phospite, monoissoctyl mono(4,4'-thiobis (2- tertiary-butyl- 5-methyl-phenol)) phosphite, isooctyl- (2, 6bis (2' -hydroxy-3, 5-dinonylbenzyl)-4-nonyl phenyl))phosphite, tri- tridecyl 4,4' -n-butylidene-b is (2 -tertiary-butyl- 5-methyl phenyl) diphosphite, triisooctyl 4,4'-thio-bis(2-tertiary-butyl-5- methyl phenyl) diphosphite, bis (2,2' -methylene-bis (4-methyl-6, 1'methyl cyclohexyl phenyl)) phosphite, isooctyl-4, 4' -isopropylidenebis-phenyl phosphite, monophenyl mono (2,2' -mathylene-bis - (4- methyl-6, 1' -methyl- cyci ohexyl)) triphosphite, di-tridecyl-4, 4r' oxydiphenyl diphosphite, di-n-dodecyl-4, 4'-n-butylidene bis (2 tertiary-butyl- 5-methylphenyl) diphosphite, di-tridecyl-4, 4 ' - isopropylidene bisphenyl diphosphite, tetra-tridecyl butane-t, 1,3- tris (2' -methyl-5' -tertiary -butylphenyl-4- )triphosphite. The phenolic antioxidant contains one or more phenolic hydroxyl groups, and one or more phenolic nuclei, and can contain from about eight to about three hundred carbon atoms. In addition, the phenolic nucleus can contain an oxy or thio ether group. The alkyl- substituted phenols and polynuclear phenols, because of their molecular weight, have a higher boiling point, and therefore are preferred because of their lower volatility. There can be one or a plurality of alkyl groups of one or more carbon atoms. The alkyl group or groups including any alkylene groups between phenol nuclei preferably aggregate at least four carbon atoms. The longer the alkyl or alkylene chain, the better the compatability with polypropylene, inasmuch as the phenolic compound then acquires more of an aliphatic hydrocarbon character, and therefore there is no upper limit on the number of alkyl carbon atoms. Usually, from the standpoint of availability, the compound will not have more than about eighteen carbon atoms in an alkyl, alicyclidene and alkylene group, and a total of not over about fifty carbon atoms. The compounds may have from one to four alkyl radicals per phenol nucleus The phenol contains at least one and preferably at least two phenolic hydroxyls, the two or more hydroxyls being in the same ring, if there is only one. In the case of bicyclic phenols, the rings can be linked by thio or oxyether groups, or by alkylene, alicyclidene or aryl idene groups. The monocyclic phenols which can be employed have the structure: EMI27.1 R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; halogen; and organic radicals containing from one to about thirty carbon atoms, such as all, aryl, alkenyl, alkaryl, aralkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, and acyl EMI27.2 where R' is aryl, alkyl or cycloalkyl; xi and s2 are integers from one to four, and the sum of x and x2 does not exceed six. The polycyclic phenol employed in the stabilizer combination is one having at least two aromatic nuclei linked by a polyvalent liiiling radical, as defined by the formula: EMI27.3 wherein Y is a polyvalent liying group selected from the group consisting of oxygen; carbonyl; sulfur; sulfinyl; aromatic, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon groups; and oxyhydrocarbon, thiohydrocarbon and heterocyclic groups. The linking group can have from one up to twenty carbon atoms. Ar is a phenolic nucleus which can be a phenyl or a polycarbocyclic group having condensed or separate phenyl rings; each Ar group contains at least one free phenolic hydroxyl group up to a total of five. The Ar rings can also include additional rings connected by additional linking nuclei of the type Y, for example, Ar -Y -Ar -Y -Ar. ml and m2 are numbers from one to five, and n1 and n2 are numbers of one or greater, and preferably from one to four. The aromatic nucleus Ar can, in addition to phenolic hydroxy groups, include one or more inert substituents. Examples of such inert substituents include hydrogen, halogen atoms, e. g., chlorine, bromine and fluorine; organic radicals containing; from one toabout thirty carbon atoms, such as alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, alkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy and acyloxy EMI28.1 where R' is aryl, alkyl or cycloalkyl, or thiohydrocarbon groups having from one to about thirty carbon atoms, and carboxyl EMI28.2 groups. Usually, however, each aromatic nucleus will not have more than about eighteen carbon atoms in any hydrocarbon substituent group. The Ar group can have from one to four sub stituent groups per nucleus. Typical aromatic nuclei include phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl, triphenylenyl, anthracenyl, pyr enyl, chrys enyl, and fluoreiryl groups. When Ar is a benzene nucleus, the polyhydric polycyclic phenol has the structure: EMI29.1 wherein R1, R2 and R3 are inert substituent groups as described in the previous paragraph; m1 and m3 are integers from one to a maximum of five; m2 is an integer from one to a maximum of four; X1 and X3 are integers from zero to four; and X2 is an integer from zero to three; y1 is an integer from zero to about six; and y2 is an integer from one to five, preferably one or two. Preferably, the hydroxy groups are located ortho and/or para to Y. Exemplary Y groups are alkylene, alkylidene, and alkenylene arylene, alkylarylene, arylalkylene, cycloalkylene, cycloalkylidene, and oxa- and thia-substituted such groups; carbonyl groups, tetrahydrofuranes, esters and triazino groups. The Y groups are usually bi, tri, or tetravalent, connecting two, three or four Ar groups. However, higher valency Y groups, connecting more than four Ar groups can also be used. According to their constitution, the Y groups can be assigned to subgenera as follows: (1) Y groups where at least one carbon in a c-hain or cyclic arrangement connect the aromatic groups, such as: EMI30.1 EMI31.1 2) Y groups where only atoms other than carbon link the aromatic rings, such as: EMI31.2 and -(S)x where x is a number from one to ten; (3) Y groups made up of more than a single atom including both carbon and other atoms linking the aromatic nuclei, such as: EMI31.3 Although the relation of effectiveness to chemical structure is insufficiently understood, many of the most effective phenols have Y groups of subgenus (1), and accordingly this is preferred. Some of these phenols can be prepared by the alkylation of phenols or alkyl phenols with polyunsaturated hydrocarbons such as dicyclopentadiene or butadiene. Representative phenols include guaiacol, resorcinol monoacetate, vanillin, butyl salicylate, 2, 6 - di- tert-butyl-4-methyl phenol, 2-tert-butyl-4-methoxy phenol, 2, 4-dinonyl phenol, 2,3,4, 5 tetradecyl phenol, tetrahydro-o-naphthol, o-, m- and p-cresol, o-, m- and p-phenylphenol, o-, m- and p-xylenols, the carvenols, symmetrical xylenol, thymol, o-, m- and p-nonylphenol, o-, mand p-dodecyl-phenol, and o-, m- and p-octyl phenol, o-, and m-tert-butyl-p-hydroxy -anisole, p-n-decyloxy-phenol, p-n-decyloxy- cresol, nonyl-n-decyloxy-cresol, eugenol, isoeugenol, glyceryl monosalicylate, methyl-p-hydroxy- cinnamate, 4 -benzyloxy -phendl, p- acetylaminophenol, p- stearyl- aminophenol m ethyl-p-hydroxy benzoate, p-di- chlorobenzoyl- aminophenol, p-hydroxysalicyl anilide, stearyl- (3, 5-di-methyl-4-hydroxy-benzyl) thioglycolate, stearyl-j3 - (4-hydroxy -3, 5-di- t-butylphenyl) propionate, distearyl3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, and distearyl (4- hydroxy- 3-methyl - 5 - t-butyl) b enzylmalonate Exemplary polyhydric phenols are orcinol, propyl gallate, catechol, resorcinol, 4-octyl-resorcinol, 4-dodecyl-resorcinol, 4-0 ctadecyl- catechol, 4- isoo ctyl-phloroglucinol, pyrogallol, hexahydroxybenzene, 4-isohexylcatachol, 2,6-di-tertiary-butylresorcinol, 2,6-di-isopropyl-phloroglucinol. Exemplary polyhydric polycyclic phenols are methylene bis-(2,6-di-tertiary-butyl-phenol), 2,2-bis--hydroxy phenyl)propane, methylene-bis-(p-cresol), 4,4'-benzylidene bis-(2tertiary-butyl-5-methyl-phenol), 4,4'-cyclohexylidene bis-(2tertiary-butylphenol), 2,2'-methyiene-bis-(4-methyl-6-(1'methyl-cyclohexyl)-phenol), 2, 6-bis-(2' -hydroxy-3' -tertiary-butyl5' -methylbenzyl)-4-methylphenol, 4,4'-b is- (2 -tertiary-butyl- 5 methyl-phenol), 2, 2'-bis-(4-hydroxy-phenyl) butane, ethylene bis (p-cresol), 4,4' -oxobis-phenol, d 4'-oxobis (3-methyl-5-isopropyl- phenol), 4,4'-oxobis-(3-methyl-phenol), 2,2'-oxobis-(4-dodecylphenol), 2,2' - oxobis- (4-methyl-5-tertiary-butyl- phenol), 4,4' - thio-bis-phenol; 4,4'-thio-bis-(3-methyl-6-tertiary-butyl-phenol), 2,2'-thio-bis-(4-methyl-6-tertiary-butyl-phenol), 4,4'-nbutylidene- (2-t-butyl-5-methyl-phenol), 2,2' -methylene-bis- (4 methyl-6-(1' -methyl- cyclohexyl)-phenol), 4, 4' -cyclohexylene bis (2-tertiary-butyl- phenol), 2, 6 -bis- (2' -hyd roxy-3' '-t-butyl- 5' methyl-benzyl)-4-methyl-phenol, 4, 4' -oxobis (naphthalene-1, 5diol), 1,3'-bis-(naphtalene-2,5-diol) propane, and 2,2'-butylene bis- (naphthalene-2, 7 -diol), (3-methyl- 5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylf 4'-hydroxy-phenyl propane, 2, 2'-methylene-bis- (4-methyl-5- isopropylphenol), 2,2' -methylene bis- (5-tert-butyl-4- chlorophenol), (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxyphenyl)- (4' -hydroxy- phenyl) ethane, (2-hydroxy-phenyl)-(3 ', 5' -di-tert-butyl -4', 4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 2, 2'-methylene bis- (4-octylphenol), 4, 4' -propylene bis- (2-tertbutyl-pheol), 2,2'-isobutylene bis-(4-nonylphenol), 2,4-bis-(4hydroxy-3-t-butyl-phenoxy)-6-(n-octylthio)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4,6tris-(4-hydroxy-3-t-butyl-phenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,2'-bis-(3t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) thiazolo-(5,4-d) thiazole, 2,2'-bis-(3methyl-5-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) thiazolo-5(5,4-d)-thiazole, 4,4'-bis-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)pentanoic acid octadecyl ester, cyclopentylene-4,4'-bis-phenol, 2-ethylbutylene-4,4'-bisphenol, 4,4'cyclooctylene-bis-(2-cyclohexylphenol), ss,ss-thiodiethanol bis-(3tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy acetate), ,4-butanedio bis-(3-tertbutyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy acetate), pentae rythritoltetra (4 -hydroxyphenol propionate), 2,4, 4'-tri-hydroxy benzophenone, bis-(2-tertbutyl- 3-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) sulfide, bis- (2-tert-butyl-4hydroxy- 5-methylphenyl) sulfide, bis- (2 -tert-butyl-4-hydroxy- 5methyl-phenyl sulfoxide), bis-(3-ethyl-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy benzyl) sulfide, bis- (2-hydroxy-4-methyl- 6-tert-butyl phnyl) sulfide, 4,4'-bis-(4-hydroxy-phenol) pentanoic acid octadecyl thiopropionate ester, 1, 1, 3-tris- (2'-methyl-4-hydroxy-5'-tert- butylphenyl) butane, 1, 1, 3-tris-(1-methyl-3-hydroxy-4-tert- butylphenyl) butane, 1,8 -bis- (2-hydroxy- 5 -methylb enzoyl-n- octane, 2,2' -ethylene-bis-[4' - (3 -tert-butyl-4 -hydroxyphenyl)- thiazole], 1-methyl-3- (3-metyl-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-naphthalene, 2, 2' - (2-butene)-bis- (4-methoxy-6- tertbutyl phenol) -bis[3,3-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-t-butylphenyl) butyric acid] glycol ester, 4,4'-butylidene-bis-(6-t-butyl-m-cresol), 1,1, 3-tris-(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl) butanep 1,3,5- tris- (3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2, 4, 6-trimethylbenzene, tetrakis [methylene-3-(3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane, 1, 3, 5-tris- (3, 5- di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) iso cy anurate, 1,3,5-tris-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl-oxyethyl isocyanurate, 2-octylthio-4, 6-di-(4-hydroxy-3, 5-di-t-butyl) phenoxy-1,3, 5-triazine, 4, 4' -thiobis(6-t-butyl-m- cresol) and pentaerythritol hydroxyphenyl propionate. A particularly desirable class of polyhydric polycyclic phenols are the dicyclopentadiene polyphenols, which are of the type: EMI35.1 Ln which R1 and R2 are lower alkyl, and can be the same or different, and n is the number of the groups enclosed by the brackets, and is usually from 1 to about 5. These are described in U.S. patent No. 3, 567, 683, dated March 2, 1971 to Spacht. A commercially available member of this class is Wingstay L, exemplified by dicyclopentadiene tri- (2-tert-butyl-4-m ethyl -phenol) of the form (followed by page 34b ) EMI36.1 The polyhydric polycyclic phenols used in the invention can also be condensation products of phenol or alkylphenols with hydro-. carbons having a bicyclic ring structure and- a double bond or two or more double bonds, such as a-pinene, -pinene, dipentene, limonene, vinyl cyclohexene, dicyclopentadiene, allo-ocimene, isoprene and butadiene. These condensation products are usually obtained under acidic conditions in the form of more or less complex mixtures of monomeric and polymeric compounds. However, it is usually not necessary to isolate the individual constituents. The entire reaction product, merely freed from the acidic condensation catalyst and unchanged starting material, can be used with excellent results. While the exact structure of these phenolic condensation products is uncertain, the Y groups linking the phenolic nuclei all fall into the preferred subgenus (1). For method of preparation, see e.g., U.S. patents Nos. 3,124,555, 3,242, 135 and British patent No. 961, 504. (followed by page 35) In addition, any of the conventional polyvinyl halide resin additives, such as lubricants, emulsifiers, antistatic agents, flame-proofing agents, pigments and fillers, can be employed. The stabilizer system is incorporated in the polymer in suitable mixing equipment, such as a mill or a Banbury mixer. If the polymer has a melt viscosity which is too high for the desired use, the polymer can be worked until its melt viscosity has been reduced to the desired range before addition of the stabilizer. Mixing is continued until the mixture is substantially uniform. The resulting composition is then removed from the mixing equipment and brought to the size and shape desired for marketing or use. The stabilized polyvinyl halide resin can be worked into the desired shape, such as by milling, calendering, extrusion or injection molding, or fiber-forming. In such operations, it will be found to have a considerably improved resistance to discoloration and embrittlement oii exposure to heat and light, A sufficient amount of the 1,3-dicarbonyl compound and any stabilizer combination including the 1, 3-dicarbonyl compound is used to improve the resistance of the resin to deterioration in physical properties, including, for example, discoloration, reduction in melt viscosity and embrittlement, under the conditions to which the resin will be subjected. Very small amounts are usually adequate. Amounts within the range from about 0. 0001 to about 10% total stabilizers by weight of the polymer are satisfactory. Preferably, from 0. Of to 5% is employed for optimum stabilization. Oxirane or 1, 2-epoxide stabilizers can be included in amounts corresponding to 0. 01 to 10% by weight and organic phosphites in amounts within the range from about 0. 01 to 5o/c by weight. The following Examples illustrate preferred stabilizer systems and resin compositions of the invention: EXAMPLES 1 to 10 A group of polyvinyl chloride resin compositions was prepared having the following formulation: Ingredient Parts by Weight Polyvinyl chloride (Geon 103 EP) 100 Dioctyl phthalate 50 Epoxidized soybean oil 3.0 Ca stearate 1.0 Zn stearate 0.3 Stearic acid 0.3 Tris(nonylphenyl phosphite 0. 5 1, 3-Dicarbonyl compound shown in Table 1 0. 1 This formulation was blended and sheeted off on a two-roll mill to form sheets 1 mm thick. The sheets were heated in air in a Geer oven at 1900C to evaluate heat stability, and the time in minutes noted for the sheet to develop a noticeable discoloration and/or embrittlement. Initial color and color after heating at 1900C were also measured, using a Hunter color difference meter to determine the amount of yellowness on a scale where the higher the numerical value, the more yellow the sample is, and the clarity of the sheet was also observed. Plate-out was also measured on a scale where the higher the numerical value the more the plate-out. The results are shown in Table I. TABLE 1 EMI40.1 <SEP> Color <SEP> after <tb> <SEP> Heat <SEP> beating <SEP> at <tb> <SEP> Stability <SEP> Initial <SEP> 190 C <SEP> for <SEP> Plate Example <SEP> No. <SEP> 1,3-Dicarbonyl <SEP> Compound <SEP> (minutes) <SEP> Color <SEP> 30 <SEP> minutes <SEP> Clarity <SEP> Out <tb> <SEP> Nane <SEP> 35 <SEP> 33 <SEP> 65 <SEP> Medium <SEP> 150 <tb> Control <SEP> 1 <SEP> Dibenzoyl <SEP> methane <SEP> 45 <SEP> 17 <SEP> 39 <SEP> Good <SEP> 130 <tb> Control <SEP> 2 <SEP> Bemzoylqcetyl <SEP> methane <SEP> 45 <SEP> 20 <SEP> 42 <SEP> Good <SEP> 120 <tb> Example <tb> 1. <SEP> O <SEP> O <SEP> 55 <SEP> 14 <SEP> 18 <SEP> Very <SEP> 25 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> # <SEP> Good <tb> <SEP> #-C-CH2-C-# <tb> <SEP> #COOH <tb> 2, <SEP> O <SEP> O <SEP> 60 <SEP> 11 <SEP> 17 <SEP> Very <SEP> 15 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> # <SEP> Good <tb> <SEP> #-C-CH2-C-CH3 <tb> <SEP> #COOCH3 <tb> 3. <SEP> O <SEP> O <SEP> 65 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 12 <SEP> Very <SEP> 5 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> # <SEP> Good <tb> <SEP> #-C-Ch2-C-# <tb> <SEP> # <tb> <SEP> COOCH3 <tb> TABLE I (continued) EMI41.1 <SEP> Color <SEP> after <tb> <SEP> Heat <SEP> beating <SEP> at <tb> <SEP> Stability <SEP> Initial <SEP> 190 C <SEP> for <SEP> Plate Example <SEP> No. <SEP> 1,3-Dicarbonyl <SEP> Compound <SEP> (minutes) <SEP> Color <SEP> 30 <SEP> minutes <SEP> Clarity <SEP> Out <tb> 4. <SEP> O <SEP> O <SEP> 60 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 15 <SEP> Good <SEP> 20 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> # <tb> <SEP> ##-C-CH-C-CH3 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> # <tb> <SEP> COOCH3 <SEP> C10H21 <tb> <SEP> O <SEP> O <SEP> 65 <SEP> 9 <SEP> 13 <SEP> Very <SEP> 10 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> # <SEP> Good <tb> 5. <SEP> CH3OCO-#-C-CH2-C-# <tb> <SEP> O <SEP> O <SEP> 55 <SEP> 12 <SEP> 17 <SEP> Good <SEP> 20 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> # <tb> 6 <SEP> C8H17OCO-#-C-CH-C-C2H6 <tb> <SEP> # <tb> <SEP> CH3 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> O <SEP> O <SEP> # <SEP> 60 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 13 <SEP> Very <SEP> 10 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> # <SEP> Good <tb> 7. <SEP> Zn# <SEP> #-C-CH-C-##2 <tb> <SEP> # <tb> <SEP> #COOCH3 <tb> TABLE I EMI42.1 <SEP> Color <SEP> after <tb> <SEP> Heat <SEP> beating <SEP> at <tb> <SEP> Stability <SEP> Initial <SEP> 190 C <SEP> for <SEP> Plate Example <SEP> No. <SEP> 1,3-Dicarbonyl <SEP> Compound <SEP> (minutes) <SEP> Color <SEP> 30 <SEP> minutes <SEP> Clarity <SEP> Out <tb> <SEP> O <SEP> O <SEP> 55 <SEP> 9 <SEP> 16 <SEP> Very <SEP> 15 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> # <SEP> Good <tb> 8. <SEP> Zn# <SEP> ##-C-CH-C-##2 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> # <tb> <SEP> COOCH3 <SEP> C10H21 <tb> <SEP> O <SEP> O <SEP> 65 <SEP> 14 <SEP> 19 <SEP> Very <SEP> 25 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> # <SEP> Good <tb> 9. <SEP> Ba#Ch3OCO-#-C-CH-C-#-t-C4H9#2 <tb> <SEP> O <SEP> O <SEP> 60 <SEP> 12 <SEP> 16 <SEP> Good <SEP> 20 <tb> <SEP> # <SEP> # <tb> 10. <SEP> Na#Ch3OVO-#-C-CH-C-CH2 <tb> The results demonstrate the surprising improve ment in each of the five properties evaluated with the stabilizers according to this invention, as compared to the controls. EXAMPLES 11 to 23 A group of polyvinyl chloride resin compositions was prepared having the following formulation: Ingredient Parts by Weight Polyvinyl chloride (Geon 103 EP) 100 Epoxidized soybean oil 3.0 Ba stearate 0.3 Ba nonyl phenate 0. 5 Zn toluate 0. 5 Stearic acid 0. 3 Octyl diphenyl phosphite 1. 0 1, 3-Dicarbonyl compound shown in Table II 0.1 This formulation was blended and sheeted off on a tworoll mill to form sheets 1 mm thick. The sheets were heated in air in a Geer oven at 1900C to evaluate heat stability, and the time in minutes noted for the sheet to develop a noticeable discoloration and/or embrittlement. Initial color was measured in a Hunter color difference meter, to determine degree of yellowness, as well as color after heating at 1900C for thirty minutes. The results are shown in Table II. TABLE II EMI45.1 <tb> <SEP> Color <tb> <SEP> Heat <SEP> after <SEP> heating <tb> Example <SEP> Stability <SEP> Initial <SEP> at <SEP> 90"C <SEP> for <tb> <SEP> No. <SEP> 1,3 <SEP> -Dicarbonyl <SEP> Compound <SEP> minutes) <SEP> Color <SEP> 30 <SEP> minutes <tb> <SEP> None <SEP> 40 <SEP> 25 <tb> <SEP> Control <SEP> I <SEP> Benzoyl <SEP> acetone <SEP> 45 <SEP> 14 <SEP> 27 <tb> <SEP> Control <SEP> 2 <SEP> [Benzoyl <SEP> acetone32Ba <SEP> 55 <SEP> 18 <SEP> 35 <tb> Example <tb> <SEP> Q <SEP> () <SEP> 90 <SEP> 9 <SEP> 15 <tb> <SEP> 11. <SEP> - <SEP> CH2 <tb> <SEP> COOCH3 <tb> <SEP> 12. <SEP> 80 <SEP> 11 <SEP> 2 <tb> <SEP> COO <SEP> CH3 <tb> <SEP> O <SEP> P <SEP> 90 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 13 <tb> <SEP> 13. <SEP> -CH2-CH3 <tb> <SEP> COOCH3 <tb> <SEP> 85 <SEP> 9 <SEP> 13 <tb> <SEP> 14. <SEP> CH2--C17Q5 <tb> <SEP> COOCH3 <tb> <SEP> Q <SEP> n <SEP> 80 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 15 <tb> <SEP> 15. <SEP> > <SEP> CH, <SEP> - <SEP> 15. <SEP> -ci <SEP> V) <tb> <SEP> c5oo- <SEP> I <tb> <SEP> 16. <SEP> CH,OCO-Ojt- <SEP> ZH- <SEP> "5 <SEP> 12 <tb> <SEP> 2 <tb> TABLE II (continued) EMI46.1 <tb> <SEP> Color <tb> <SEP> Heat <SEP> after <SEP> heating <tb> Example <SEP> Stability <SEP> Initial <SEP> at <SEP> 900C <SEP> for <tb> <SEP> No. <SEP> 1,3-Dicarbonyl <SEP> Compound <SEP> (minutes) <SEP> Color <SEP> 30 <SEP> minutes <tb> <SEP> 0-CH,-Ia <SEP> 9 <SEP> 4 <tb> <SEP> 17. <SEP> CH30C < <SEP> ss < H2(5CH3 <SEP> 90 <SEP> 9 <SEP> 14 <tb> <SEP> F) <SEP> 70 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 16 <tb> <SEP> 18. <SEP> CH3OCX8CH2-CCH2 < ) <tb> <SEP> 19. <SEP> Ba <SEP> 1 <SEP> S <SEP> CH <SEP> CH$; <SEP> 85 <SEP> 13 <SEP> 18 <tb> <SEP> COQCH3 <tb> <SEP> 9? <SEP> <SEP> 1 <SEP> 12 <SEP> 15 <tb> <SEP> 20. <SEP> B <SEP> CH <SEP> =-CH, <tb> <SEP> COO <SEP> 12 <tb> <SEP> r <SEP> 9 <SEP> 9 <SEP> - <SEP> 85 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 13 <tb> <SEP> 21. <SEP> ; <tb> <SEP> 21. <SEP> Zn <tb> <SEP> ¯ <SEP> ¯ <SEP> 85 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 14 <tb> <SEP> 22. <SEP> CH,OCO- <SEP> -tCH <SEP> :t <SEP> CH, <tb> <SEP> 80 <SEP> 9 <SEP> 14 <tb> <SEP> 23. <SEP> CH3OCOff0wcLH <SEP> E2 <SEP> Snf04H9)2 <tb> <SEP> 2 <tb> <SEP> The <SEP> results <SEP> demonstrate <SEP> the <SEP> surprising <SEP> improvement <tb> <SEP> obtained <SEP> in <SEP> color <SEP> and <SEP> heat <SEP> stability <SEP> with <SEP> compositions <SEP> of <SEP> this <tb> <SEP> invention <SEP> compared <SEP> to <SEP> the <SEP> Controls. <tb> EXAMPLES 24 to 38 A group of polyvinyl chloride resin compositions was prepared having the following formulation: Ingredient Parts by Weight Polyvinyl chloride (Geon 103 EP) 100 Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer 10 (Blendex 1 Dioctyl phthalate 10 Ca benzoate 1.0 Stearic acid 0. 5 Zn octoate 0. 4 Tetra (C12 15alkyl) Bisphenol A diphosphite 1. 0 1, 3-Dicarbonyl compound as shown in Table III 0.005 This formulation was blended and sheeted off on a two-roll mill to form sheets I mm thick. The sheets were heated in a Geer oven at 175 C to evaluate heat stability, and the time in minutes noted for the sheet to develop a noticeable discoloration and/or embrittlement. Initial color and color after heating at 175 C for sixty minutes was also noted using a Hunter color difference meter. The results obtained are given in Table III. TABLE III EMI48.1 <tb> <SEP> Color <tb> <SEP> Heat <SEP> after <SEP> heating <tb> Example <SEP> Stability <SEP> Initial <SEP> at <SEP> 175 <SEP> 0C <SEP> for <tb> <SEP> No. <SEP> 1 <SEP> 3-Dicarbonyl <SEP> Compound <SEP> (minutes) <SEP> Color <SEP> 60 <SEP> minutes <tb> <SEP> 1 <tb> <SEP> None <SEP> 95 <SEP> 28 <SEP> 45 <tb> Control <SEP> 1 <SEP> Dibenzoyl <SEP> methane <SEP> 105 <SEP> 16 <SEP> 22 <tb> Control <SEP> 2 <SEP> [Dibenzoyl <SEP> methanefiZn <SEP> 100 <SEP> 14 <SEP> 23 <tb> Control <SEP> 3 <SEP> pDibenzoyl <SEP> methane]2 <SEP> 120 <SEP> 12 <SEP> 18 <tb> <SEP> dibutyl <SEP> Sn <tb> Example <tb> <SEP> 140 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 11 <tb> <SEP> 24. <SEP> t <SEP> CCH2,Cl7H35-CH <SEP> <tb> <SEP> COOCH3 <tb> <SEP> 135 <SEP> 8n <SEP> n <SEP> 135 <SEP> 9 <SEP> 14 <tb> <SEP> 25. <SEP> QC-H--CH3 <tb> <SEP> C8H17 <tb> <SEP> COOCH3 <tb> <SEP> Ol <SEP> C? <SEP> 150 <SEP> 150 <SEP> 7 <SEP> 10 <tb> <SEP> 26. <SEP> -CH2-C <tb> <SEP> COOCH3 <tb> <SEP> 140 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 12 <tb> <SEP> 27. <SEP> (0) <SEP> COCH3 <tb> <SEP> COUCH3 <tb> <SEP> 145 <SEP> CH,-8-(7 <SEP> 145 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 11 <tb> <SEP> 28. <SEP> > <SEP> CHH2-C <tb> <SEP> COOC2H5 <tb> <SEP> 0CH,- <SEP> 145 <SEP> 9 <SEP> 13 <tb> <SEP> 29. <SEP> CH3OCOCCH284 <tb> TABLE III (continued) EMI49.1 <tb> <SEP> Color <tb> <SEP> Heat <SEP> after <SEP> heating <tb> Example <SEP> Stability <SEP> Initial <SEP> at <SEP> 175for <tb> <SEP> No. <SEP> 1, <SEP> 3-Dicarbonyl <SEP> Compound <SEP> (minutes) <SEP> Color <SEP> 60 <SEP> minutes <tb> <SEP> 0 <SEP> I <SEP> 150 <SEP> 7 <SEP> 1P <tb> <SEP> 30. <SEP> CH30C04 <SEP> - <SEP> CH2- <SEP> Ct-C < H9 <tb> <SEP> 135 <SEP> CH,OCO <SEP> F: <SEP> " <SEP> 135 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 14 <tb> <SEP> 31. <SEP> CH30CO <SEP> C- <SEP> CH2- <SEP> C <SEP> COOCH3 <tb> <SEP> Q <SEP> ¯ <SEP> 140 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 12 <tb> <SEP> 32. <SEP> Zn <SEP> < <SEP> CH--C <tb> <SEP> COOCH32 <tb> <SEP> Of <SEP> UjO <SEP> 1 <SEP> 145 <SEP> 11 <SEP> 14 <tb> <SEP> 33. <SEP> Ca <SEP> tCKH < CCH312 <tb> <SEP> COOCH3 <tb> <SEP> Sn- <SEP> 160 <SEP> 7 <SEP> 10 <tb> <SEP> 34. <SEP> CLtH <SEP> (C4H9 <SEP> )2 <tb> <SEP> COO <SEP> CH, <tb> <SEP> 9 <SEP> 9. <SEP> 145 <SEP> 11 <SEP> 15 <tb> <SEP> 35. <SEP> Mg <SEP> OLH <SEP> -MOOCH3 <tb> <SEP> ¯COUCH3 <tb> <SEP> 0 <SEP> F' <SEP> C,,H,, <SEP> 135 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 13 <tb> <SEP> 36. <SEP> n5%) & 3{ <SEP> Zn <SEP> A <SEP> 135 <SEP> 8 <SEP> C1 <tb> <SEP> ,coo <SEP> CH <SEP> -2 <tb> <SEP> 3 <tb> <SEP> 37. <SEP> Zn <SEP> AC-CH- < <tb> <SEP> OQC2H5 <SEP> 2 <tb> <SEP> ¯ <SEP> O <SEP> Q <SEP> 150 <SEP> 9 <SEP> 13 <tb> <SEP> 38. <SEP> CH3OCO <SEP> H1!C7H1Sn(C4H <SEP> )2 <tb> The results of these tests demonstrate the surprising advantage in color protection and heat stability -in Examples 24 to 38- of this invention, compared to Control compositions. EXAMPLES 39 to 50 A group of polyvinyl chloride resin compositions was prepared having the following formulation: Ingredient Parts by Weight Polyvinyl chloride --- 100 Dioctyl phthalate 80 Epoxidized linseed oil 2 B i sphenol A-diglycidylether 3 Zn laurate 0. 6 Ba-12-hydroxy stearate 1. 2 1, 3-Dicarbonyl compound listed in Table IV O, 1 This formulation was blended and sheeted off on a two roll mill to form sheets 1 mm thick. The sheets were heated in air in a Geer oven at 1750C to evaluate heat stability, and the time in minutes noted for the sheet to develop a noticeable discoloration and/or embrittlement. Initial color and color after heating at 175"C for thirty minutes were measured for yellowness using a Hunter color difference meter. The results obtained are given in Table IV: TABLE IV EMI52.1 <tb> <SEP> Color <tb> <SEP> Heat <SEP> after <SEP> heating <tb> Example <SEP> Stability <SEP> Initial <SEP> at <SEP> 1750for <tb> <SEP> No. <SEP> 1, <SEP> 3-Dicarbonyl <SEP> Compound <SEP> (minutes) <SEP> Color <SEP> 30 <SEP> minutes <tb> <SEP> None <SEP> 30 <SEP> 33. <SEP> <tb> <SEP> Control <SEP> 1 <SEP> Dibenzoylmethane <SEP> 50 <SEP> 18 <SEP> 24 <tb> <SEP> Control <SEP> 2 <SEP> Dibenzoyl <SEP> acetylmethane <SEP> 45 <SEP> 21 <SEP> 37 <tb> Example <tb> <SEP> O <SEP> Q <SEP> 70 <SEP> 9 <SEP> 11 <tb> <SEP> 39 <SEP> t <SEP> 6CH,-8 <SEP> I <tb> <SEP> OOCH3 <tb> <SEP> 75 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 11 <tb> <SEP> 40 <SEP> -CH,- <SEP> bCE3, <tb> <SEP> COO <SEP> CH, <tb> <SEP> 70 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 70 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 10 <tb> <SEP> 41 <SEP> ${)H3CH2CH3 <tb> <SEP> CH, <tb> <SEP> 70 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 13 <tb> <SEP> 42 <SEP> ) <SEP> 1CH2s <tb> <SEP> '15' <SEP> 31 <tb> <SEP> 65 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 65 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 14 <tb> <SEP> 43 <SEP> \VrC-CH,-C-Q <tb> <SEP> COGA <tb> <SEP> 9 <SEP> Q <SEP> 75 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 11 <tb> <SEP> 44 <SEP> CH3O <SEP> m-CH2 <tb> <SEP> 70 <SEP> CH,OCO-Q <SEP> g <SEP> R <SEP> '" <SEP> 9 <SEP> 12 <tb> <SEP> 45 <SEP> CH3OCO <SEP> -CH2-C-CH15 <tb> <SEP> X <SEP> R <SEP> 70 <SEP> 9 <SEP> 12 <tb> <SEP> 46 <SEP> CH30 <SEP> CC <SEP> CH2CCH3 <tb> TABLE IV (continued) EMI53.1 <SEP> Color <tb> <SEP> Heat <SEP> after <SEP> heating <tb> Example <SEP> Stability <SEP> Initial <SEP> at <SEP> l7S0Cfor <tb> <SEP> No. <SEP> 1,3-Dicarbonyl <SEP> Compound <SEP> (minutes) <SEP> Color <SEP> 30 <SEP> minutes <tb> <SEP> F <SEP> 9 <SEP> 70 <SEP> 7 <SEP> 11 <tb> <SEP> 47 <SEP> Zn] <SEP> CHs <tb> <SEP> COO <SEP> CH3 <tb> <SEP> <SEP> 70 <SEP> 12 <SEP> 15 <tb> <SEP> 48 <SEP> %H-(k <SEP> -ca, <tb> <SEP> COOCH3 <SEP> 2 <tb> <SEP> 49 <SEP> znL <SEP> > tCH--tC <SEP> H <SEP> ] <SEP> 65 <SEP> 7 <SEP> 12 <tb> <SEP> 49 <SEP> Zn-C <SEP> I <tb> <SEP> 50 <SEP> ZE0H30C( < tCH <SEP> 70 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 13 <tb> These results demonstrate the remarkable effectiveness of the 1, 3-di-carbonyl compounds of this invention in color protection and heat stability, compared to the Control compounds. EXAMPLES 51 to 72 A group of polyvinyl chloride resin compositions was prepared having the following formulation: Ingredient Farts by Weight Polyvinyl chloride (Geon 103 EP) 100 Dioctyl phthalate 50 Stearic acid 0.3 Zn p-t-butyl benzoate 0.5 Ba stearate 0.7 3-Carbomethoxy benzoyl benzoyl methane 0. 05 Epoxy compound or phosphite as shown in Table V 1. 0 This formulation was blended and sheeted off on a two-roll mill to form sheets 1 mm thick. The sheets were heated in air in a Geer oven at 1750C to evaluate heat stability, and the time in minutes noted for the sheet to develop a noticeable discoloration and/or embrittlement. Initial color and color after heating at 175"C for sixty minutes also were measured, using a Hunter color difference meter to determine the amount of yellowness on a scale where the higher the numerical value, the more yellow the sample is. The results obtained are given in Table V: TABLE V Heat Example 1, 2-Epoxide or Stability Initial Heat No. Organic Phosphite Amount (minutes) Color Color None and also without 3 carbomethoxy benzoyl - 40 33 56 benzoyl methane Control 1 None - 60 15 20 51 Epoxidized soybean oil 2.0 90 9 12 52 Epoxidized linseed oil 2. 0 95 8 12 53 Epoxidized cod liver oil 2.0 80 12 15 54 Epoxidized polybutadiene 2. 0 90 9 13 55 Tris(epoxypropyl) 2.0 85 11 14 isocyanurate 56 Octyl-epoxystearate 2. 0 95 9 12 57 3-(2-Xenoxy)-1,2-epoxy 2.0 80 12 15 propane 58 Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide 2. 0 90 10 14 59 Bisphenol A diglycidylether 2.0 95 9 13 60 3,4-Epoxycyclohexylmethyl- 2.0 90 10 14 3, 4-epoxycyclohexane carboxylate 61 Triphenylphosphite 1.0 80 11 15 62 Tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite 1. 0 85 9 14 63 Tristearyl phosphite 1. 0 80 12 15 64 Octyl diphenyl phosphite 1. 0 95 8 10 65 Diphenyl isodecyl phosphite 1.0 95 8 11 66 Tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) 1.0 90 9 12 pho sph ite 67 Teira(C12-15alkyl)Bisphenol 1.0 100 7 10 A diphosphite 68 Di(nonylphenyl)-4,4'-iso- 1.0 90 9 11 propylidene bis(2-t-butyl phenol)phosphite 69 Phenyl Bisphenol A 1. 0 90 9 12 pentaerythritol diphosphite TABLE V (continued) Heat Example 1, 2-Epoxide or Stability Initial Heat No. Organic Phosphite Amount (minutes) Color Color 70 Hydrogenated Bisphenol A 1. 0 80 10 14 polyphosphite T1 Diphenyl phosphite 1.0 85 9 13 72 Dilsodecyl pentaerythri- 1.0 90 8 11 tol diphosphite These results demonstrate the advantageous use of 1, 2-epoxides or organic phosphites together with I, 3-dicarbonyl compounds in accordance with this invention.

Claims: Claims: 1. 1, 3-Dicarbonyl compounds having the formula: EMI57.1 wherein: R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydrocarbon groups having from ore to about eighteen carbon atoms and such groups substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy ORi, ester COOR1, alkyl and alkoxycarbonyl alkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms, and EMI57.2 R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms and such groups substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy OR1, ester COOT1, alkyl and alkoxycarbonyl alkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms; and Rs is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydrocarbon groups having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms and such groups substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy O: ester COOR1, alkyl and alkoxycarbonyl alkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms. 2.- A metal enolate salt, preferably an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a polyvalent metal salt of a 1,3dicarbonyl compound of claim 1, e.g. a salt of a metal selected from the group consisting of lithium,-sodium, potassium, magnesium, strontium, calcium, barium, cadmium, lead, zinc, tin, aluminium, antimony and zirconium. 3.- An organotin enolate salt of a 1,3-dicarbonyl compound of claim 1, preferably an organotin {R)nSn wherein n is 1, 2 or 3 and R is a hydrocarbon group having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms. 4,- A 1,3-dicarbonyl compound according to claim I in whic both R1 are hydrogen or/R1 is hydrogen and the other is alkyl. 5.- A 1,3-dicarbonyl compound according to claim 1 in which R2 is aryl, preferably phenyl, or alkyl. 6.- A 1,3-dicarbonyl compound according to claim I in which R3 is alkyl. 7.- A 1,3-dicarbonyl compound according to claim 1, namely 3-carbomethoxybenzoyl-benzoylmethane, 4-carbomethoxybenzoyl-benzoylmethane, 4- carbomethoxybenzoyl-4-t-butylbenzoylmethane, 4-carbomethoxybenzoyl-acetylmethane or 3-carbomethoxybenzoyl-acetylmethane, 8.- A polyvinyl halide resin coBposition having improved resistance to deterioration when heated to 350 F, comprising a polyvinyl halide resin formed at least in part of the recurring group: EMI58.1 and having a halogen content in excess of 40 %, where X1 is halogen and X2 is either hydrogen or halogen, preferably a polyvinyl chloride homopolymer or a copolymer of vinyl chloride and a copolymerizable monomer, such as vinyl acetate, and a 1,3-dicarbonyl compound according to claim 1. 9.- A stabilizer composition capable of enhancing the resistance to deterioration by heat and/or light of polyvinyl halide resins, comprising a 1,3-dicarbonyl compound and an additional polyvinyl halide resin heat stabilizer. 10.- A stabilizer composition according to claim 9 in which the additional heat stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of metal salts of carboxylic acids; metal salts of hydrocarbon-substituted phenols; phenolic antioxidants; 1,2-epoxyides and organic phosphites

Inventors: HARADA, MASASHI, LEISTNER, WILLIAM E., MINAGAWA, MOTONOBU, TSURUGA, KOUJI
Applicants: PHOENIX CHEMICAL CORPORATION
Application year: 1981
Main classification: C07C69
IPC codes: C08L23, C08L27, C08L51, C08K5, C08L33, C07C65, C08L7, C08L101, C08L1, C08L21