VALVE UNIT FOR WATER CLOSETS

Abstract: The invention provides a float controlled valve, the valve having a valve member which engages a seat to close the valve. The valve member has an area which is subjected to the supply pressure in such a position tending to close the valve so that the higher the supply pressure, the greater the force tending to close the valve, said area being larger than the area of bore through which the water flows when the valve is open. Also, water flowing through the valve into the cistern tank passes into a down tube having a diaphragm preventing flow of water through the tube other than through drain apertures in the diaphragm, and outlet apertures between the valve and the diaphragm to prevent siphoning back of water from the cistern tank. The drain apertures prevent trapping of water in the down tube in the event of the cistern being emptied.

Description: Improvement in flushing water dischartee boxes of W.C. pans in sanitary systems. This invention relates to a valve unit for a flushing system such as are used in watery closets and other sanitary installations. The valve unit is concerned with the control of the flow of water from a mains supply line through a cistern tank, and its purpose is to permit the reliable operation of the cistern, even when the pressure of the supply water increases or decreases substantially. The invention provides that the action of the valve for the interruption of the supply of water is opposite to that utilised at present in known float controlled valves. In known float controlled valves, the shutting off of the supply of water occurs when the level of the water reaches the desired value in the cistern tank. The valve has a sliding body which moves by virtue of the increasing level of the water in the tank, by virtue of the rotation about a fulcrum of lever arms connected to the float and the movement of the body continues in a forwards direction until it engages a valve seating thereby closing the valve and interrupting the flow of the water. The sealing force is proportional to a thrust which is applied to the valve body by means of the float. This known arrangement is not efficient in regions in which the supply pressure of the water varies. For example, when there is an increase in the pressure of the supply water an opposite thrust is applied to the valve body which-causes same to be unseated, and the float is forced deeper into the water. In consequence, water flows past the unseated valve body and flows into the cistern tank, increasing the water level therein until eventually excess water is discharged from the overflow safety pipe, which results in wastage of water. The present invention seeks to ensure that there will be no loss of water even when the supply pressure increases, and in accordance with preferred features, the invention provides that operation of the cistern valve takes place reliably even in the case where there is an emptying of the supply line which could cause a siphoning effect which would normally siphon off water from the cistern tank. In accordance with the present invention there is provided a valve unit for a flushing system which is adapted to be float controlled, and which comprises a valve including a member which closes a bore in a valve seat to close the valve and prevent flow of water therethrough and is openable by a float control to allow flow of water through the valve, characterised in that the valve member has an area which is subjected to the pressure of the supply water urging the valve member to the closed position and the said area is larger than the area of the bore through which the water flows when the valve is open so that any increase in pressure in the supply water results an increase in the pressure closing or tending to close the valve. Preferably, there is a down tube hydraulically coupled to the outlet from the valve so that water passing through a valve flows into the down tube, and eventually into the cistern tank, said down tube having means preventing siphoning of the water back from the cistern tank into the supply system. Preferably, the said means preventing siphoning comprises a diaphragm blocking flow of water through the down tube apart from small apertures in said diaphragm, and outlet apertures in the tube between the diaphragm and the valve and through which the water flows when the valve is opened, in order to fill the cistern tank. The outside of the said tube may have an enlargement for retarding the speed of flow of the water which flows from the said wall apertures and down the outside of the tube. In the preferred case, a collar surrounds the outlet apertures to ensure that water issuing from the outlet apertures flows down the outside of the down tube. Suitably, there may be a filter between the down tube and the valve. An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a WC cistern tank, including a valve unit of the present invention; and Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation to an enlarged scale, and showing the valve of the valve unit in detail. Referring to the drawings, reference numeral 1 indicates a connection to which a supply water line is coupled, and reference 2 is a coupling collar. The cistern tank is indicated by reference numeral 3, and a short pipe 4 couples the inlet connection 1 to a collar 5 of a housing 20 containing the valve of the valve unit. Reference 6 indicates a sealing washer which ensures the water tight connection of the pipe 4 to the collar 5. Inside the housing 20 is a valve body 14 which is coupled to collar 5 by means of a collar 7 and O-ring seal 8, the seal 8 ensuring the water tight connection of the body 14 and collar 7. Inside the body 14 is a sleeve body lOA having apertures 10 therein, through which water flowing into the valve body 14 passes. The sleeve body 10 houses in a cylinder recess, the large diameter end portion 29A of a valve member in the form of a valve spool rod 29. The end face 29' of portion 29A receive the full pressure of the supply water which passes into the valve body 14, and large portion 29A is connected to a small spool rod portion 29B by means of a tapered sealing portion 29C. Tapered portion 29C is adapted to co-operate with a washer 13 mounted in water tight sealing engagement with body 14 by means of O-ring seal 12. Water 13 forms a valve seating at the edge of its bore in that tapered portion 29B of valve member 29 engages the bore of the water and the valve is closed. In this connection, it should be mentioned that the area 29' of the end face of portion 29A is greater than the area of the bore in washer 13, and in particular is greater than the area of the bore through which water flows in use. At its other end, the valve member 29 is sealingly located by means of O-ring seal 15, and is provided with a tooth which is engaged by a socket in a lever arm 18 which is swingable about fulcrum 16. The outlet from the valve body 14 is a downwardly directed sleeve portion on which is sealingly located by means of an O-ring seal 30, a coupling sleeve 33. Pressed on the lower end of the coupling sleeve 33 is a down pipe 34. A noise surpressing filter 31 is located between the end of the outlet sleeve portion of body 13 and a central partition in the body 33. Body 33 has radial apertures 37 which are surrounded by a collar 32, and referring to Fig. 1, the down pipe 34 has at a lower level, a diaphragm or partition 36 preventing flow of water through the down tube other than through relatively small drain apertures 36', the purpose of which is to prevent collection of water in the down tube 34 in the event that the cistern is completely drained. On the outside, approximately in the region of the desired water level as indicated by 38, the tube 34 has an outer enlargement in the form of two back to back cones connected by a cylindrical region 35. In operation, when supply water flows through the valve 14 and into the down tube 34, the level of the water quickly builds up to radial apertures 37 in sleeves 33, from which the water issues. The collar 32 ensures that the water runs down the outer surface of the down tube 34, and the enlargement 35 has the effect of reducing the flow rate of the water down the tube 34, which reduces noise levels. Inside the cistern 3 is a float casing 26 which is a closed vessel, apart from an open top and apart from a valve 27, the operation of which is controlled by the rising and falling level of water in the cistern as will be explained. A float 25 is received in the casing 26 and is connected by a coupling 24 to a drop link 22 which slides in a bearing 23 in the housing 20. Link 22 is coupled to the lever arm 18 by means of the pivot 21 and a slide guide 19 ensures the linear movement of the link 22. Finally, a weight is slidably carried by arm 18 which is provided with graduations as shown, to enable the accurate and repetitive positioning of the weight 17 in a predetermined position as will be explained when the operation of the unit is explained in the following. Assume that the valve unit has only just been installed in a cistern tank provided with a suitable float casing 26, and that the valve is closed and no water flows into the tank 3, although the water supply is coupled to coupling 1. The pressure of the supply water will be applied to the face 29' which urges the'tapered portion 29C of the valve member sealingly against the washer 13, preventing flow of water into the down tube 34. As the cistern will be empty, the valve 25 will be initially in a raised installing position, and the weight 17 will be close to the right hand side of the lever arm 18 when viewed in Fig. 1, the float being held raised by virtue of the pressure on the valve member 29. In order to fill the cistern tank 3, the weight 17 is moved along the arm 18 until the moment effect caused by the weight of 17 and arm 18 and components connected thereto overcomes the supply pressure on the valve member 29. When this happens, the lever arm 18 pivots anticlockwise in Fig. 1 moving the valve member 29 against the supply pressure to an open position as shown in Fig. 2. Water now flows freely through the washer 13 and body 14 into down tube 34. As the apertures 36' are relatively small and in fact are smaller than the apertures 37, the water builds up in down pipe 34 until it reaches the level of outlet apertures 37 from whence it issues and by virtue of the collar 32, the water flows down the outside of tube 34 into the cistern tank. As the water does flow down the outside of the tube 34 there is very little noise as there is very little aeration and splashing, which are the major cause of noise. As the water level rises, so the float valve 27 becomes buoyantly supported by the rising water, and the float is raised upwards until it eventually seals the bottom of the casing 26 which at this time is empty. The water level continues to increase until it reaches the top edge of the casing 26, when water starts to flow into the casing 26 over the top edge. The inflow of water causes the float 25 to commence lifting. The lifting of float 25 means the pivoting clock-wise of arm 18, thereby removing the resistance to the tendency of the member 29 to move to the right in Fig. 2 under the pressure of the incoming water, and the member 29 therefore does so move, because the size of the bore in washer 13 is smaller than the pressure face 29' of the valve member, until the tapered portion 29C of the valve member 29 sealingly engages the washer 13 thereby closing the valve and water flow ceases. The valve remains in this condition until the system is flushed, when the draining of water removes the support for the float 25, and the float therefore falls and arm 18 pivots anti-clockwise causing rightwards movement of the valve 29, and unseating of the tapered portion from the washer 13, once more permitting the -cycle of refilling to commence. By virtue of the provision of the holes 37, at a level above the cut-off level 38, siphoning back of'the water from the tank 3 into the supply line is prevented, and the provision of the bores 36' ensures that in the event of the tank 3 being completely drained, there will be no collection of water in the tube 34 above the diaphragm 36. Such a collection of water could cause breakage of the tube 34 in the event of freezing of the water taking place. The level 38 in the example described is chosen so as to leave a space 39 of the order of the height of 4 min between the water level and the underside of the housing 20.

Claims: CLAIMS 1. A valve unit for a flushing cistern which is adapted to be float operated and which cerises a valve including a member which closes a bore in a valve seat to close the valve and prevent flow of water there through and is openable by a float control to allow flow of water through the valve, characterised in that the valve member (29) has an area (29') which is subjected to the pressure of the supply water urging the valve member (29) to the closed position and the said area (29') is larger than the area of the bore through which the water flows when the valve is open, so that any increase in pressure in the supply water results in an increase in the pressure closing or tending to close the valve. 2. A valve unit according to claim 1, characterised by a down tube (34) hydraulically coupled to the outlet from the valve ss that water passing through the valve flows into the down tube (34), and eventually into the cistern tank, said down tube having means (36, 37) preventing siphoning of the water back from the cistern tank into the supply system. 3. A valve unit according to claim 2, characterised in that the said means (36, 37) preventing siphoning comprising a diaphragm (36) blocking flow of water through the down tube (34) apart from small apertures (36') in said diaphragm (36) and outlet apertures (37) in the tube (34) between the diaphragm (36) and the valve and through which the water flows when the valve is open, in order to fill the cistern tank. 4. A valve unit according to claim 3, characterised in that the outside of said tube (34) has an enlargement (35) for retarding the speed of flow of the water which flows from the said outlet apertures (37) and down the outside of the tube. 5. A valve unit according to claim 3 or 4 characterised in that surrounding the outlet apertures (37), is a collar (32) which ensures that water issuing from the outlet apertures (37) flows down the outside of the down tube (34). 6. A valve unit according to claims 3, 4 or 5, characterised by a filter (31) between the down tube (34) and the valve. 7. A valve unit according to any preceding claim, characterised in that the valve comprises a valve spool (29) having a large end portion (29A), against which the supply pressure is applied, a small spool rod portion (29B) and a tapered portion (29C) connecting the large end portion and the spool rod portion, and the valve seat is a washer (13) having a central hole forming said bore and through which the spool rod portion (29B) passes, and when the valve is closed, the tapered portion (29C) seats against the washer. 8. A valve unit according to any preceding claim, characterised in that the unit includes a pivot arm (18) from which is suspended a float (25) said arm (18) having a weight (17) slidably mounted thereon so that the moment tending to open the valve which is applied by the arm (18) and float (17) can be varied. 9. A valve unit according to claim 8, in position in a W.C. flushing cistern tank, characterised in that the tank (3) has a float casing (26) receiving the float (25), said float casing (26), having a float valve (27) at the base of the casing (26) which closes with the rise in water level preventing any flow of water into the float casing (26) until the water level reaches the top edge of the casing (26), and filling of the casing causes lifting of the float (25) and arm (18), closing the valve.

Inventors: BASLER, BRUNO
Applicants: BREVIND ETABLISSEMENT
Application year: 1981
Main classification: E03D1
IPC codes: F16K31, E03D1