OIL BURNER NOZZLE

Abstract: An oil burner nozzle (1) for use with liquid fuels and solid-containing liquid fuels. The nozzle comprises a fuel-carrying pipe (6), a barrel (8) concentrically disposed about the pipe (6), and an outer sleeve (10) retaining member for the barrel (8). An atomizing vapour passes along an axial passageway in the barrel (8), through a bore (18) in the barrel (8) and then along the outer surface of the front portion (14) of the barrel (8). The atomizing vapor is directed by the outer sleeve (10) across the path of the fuel as it emerges from the barrel (8). The fuel is atomized and may then be ignited.

Description: OIL BURNER NOZZLE Background of the Invention This invention relates to an oil burner nozzle. More particularly, th invention relates to an oil burner nozzle which increases the efficiency of combustion of liquid and solid-containing liquid fuels by atomizing such fue With the increased public concern about the cost and the availability oil, it has become desirable to design oil burners and, more particularly, o burner nozzles, that are more efficient than the ones currently in use. Ato ization is a well-known process for increasing the efficiency of combustion. However, conventional oil burner nozzles which atomize these fuels are not d signed to operate at low rates of fuel flow. Because solid combustibles, such as coal, are more abundant than oil, another desirable goal is to design an oil burner nozzle which can utilize solid-containing liquid fuels as well as purely liquid fuels. In prior art devices, such as that described in U.S. Pat. No. 733,579, the fuel must pass through constricted passageways. These passageways would tend to clog in the presence of solids. While some devices, such as those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,933,259 and 2,929,290, are described as capable of atomizing solid- containing liquid fuels, it is obvious that the solid matter would have to be highly pulverized in order to prevent clogging. Moreover, these latter two devices are complicated and require careful machining. Thus, there is a need for a simple and inexpensive oil burner nozzle, capable of operating at low rates of fuel flow, and capable of atomizing soli containing liquid fuels as well as liquid fuels. This invention is directed to providing a device meeting such needs. Summary of the Invention The present invention provides an oil burner nozzle comprising a pipe for carrying fuel, a barrel disposed about the pipe, and an outer sleeve dis¬ posed about the barrel. The pipe transports the fuel through the barrel to a outlet. The barrel has a main body and a smaller front portion, an axial pas ageway which carries an atomizing vapor from the main body to the front porti of the barrel, and a lateral bore which conducts the atomizing vapor from the axial passageway to the outer surface of the front portion of the barrel. Th outer sleeve forms a converging chamber about the front portion of the barrel and directs the atomizing vapor across the path of the fuel emerging from the barrel. In a-preferred embodiment, the barrel and outer sleeve are cylindrical URE^ -2- and are concentrically disposed about the fuel pipe which passes throug the axial passageway. The exit orifice of the outer sleeve abuts against the fr portion of the barrel and the front portion has grooves scored into its oute surface at an angle oblique to the axis of the barrel. Brief Description of the Drawings The accompanying drawings show a preferred embodiment of the present i vention. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the device. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the device taken along line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the device taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 1. Detailed Description Referring to the specific embodiment illustrated in the accompanying dr ings, the oil burner nozzle of the present invention, generally indicated as 1, has a fuel entry end 2 and a fuel exit end 4. The nozzle shown comprises fuel carrying pipe 6, barrel 8 concentrically disposed about pipe 6, and oute sleeve 10 concentrically disposed about barrel 8. As shown, both barrel 8 an outer sleeve 10 are cylindrical in shape. Barrel 8-has a central borehole 18 formed with an inner surface 16 in the main body 12. The diameter of central borehold 18 is sufficiently larger than the outer diameter of fuel carrying pipe 6 so that an axial passageway to admit atomizing vapor is formed between the outer surface of pipe 6 and the inner surface 16 of barrel 8. Borehole 1 has a narrow segment 22 formed by inner surface 24 which closely receives fue pipe 6 within front portion 14. Borehold 18 terminates as outlet 26 which fu tions as exit end 4 of the nozzle. A second pipe 28 concentrically disposed about fuel pipe 6 and dimensioned to be received within the wide segment of borehole 18 may be used to introduce the atomizing vapor within the borehole Front portion 14 of barrel 8 is formed with a face 30 beveled in the direction of the fuel exit end 4 of the burner nozzle 1. At least one and pr ferably a plurality of grooves 32 are scored preferably symmetrically into fa 30 at an angle oblique to the axis of the barrel 8. Lateral bores 34 communi cate the atomizing vapor from the wide segment of borehold 18 to the outside surface 25 of the front portion 14. Outer sleeve 10 is a hollow member having a sloped front end 36 and a central exit orifice 38. The inner edge 40 of exit orifice 38 abuts beveled face 30 of the barrel near outlet 26. As shown, outer sleeve 10 is dimension to engage slidably the main body 12 of barrel 8 but to leave a gap between th ' -3- inner surface 42 of the outer sleeve and the outer surface 25 of front porti 14. As both barrel 8 and outer sleeve are cylindrical and as their front fa intersect each other, the gap forms an annular chamber 44 converging upon ex orifice 38. When atomizing bapor under pressure enters annular chamber 44, ner surface 42 acts as a deflecting plate, directing the atomizing towards e orifice 38. Set screws 46 are placed in outer sleeve 10 in order to keep ou sleeve 10 in spatial alignment with barrel 8. In operation, fuel passes through barrel 8 via fuel pipe 6 and borehol 18, emerging at outlet 26. The atomizing vapor is introduced under slight p sure, for example, at 7 to 12 p.s.i.g., into the wide segment of borehole 18 by pipe 28. The narrowness of segment 22 of the borehold prevents the atomi vapor from traveling the length of barrel 8. From borehole 18 the atomizing vapor is forced through lateral bores 34 into annular chamber 44. Inner sur 42 deflects the path of the atomizing vapor along outer surface 25 and bevel face 30 of the front portion 14. As edge 40 of orifice 38 abuts against bev face 30, the only avenues of escape for the atomizing are through grooves 32. The vapor issues from annular chamber 44 through grooves 32 in a swirling mot shearing across the path of the fuel emerging from outlet 26. The fuel is thereby atomized and may be ignited for efficient combustion. The angle of inclination of beveled face 30 can be varied to control th size of the flame. Preferably, the angle should be from 20° to 45° from hori zontal. The atomizing vapor may be air, steam or any other conventional gas use for such purposes. The nozzle is suitable for use with purely liquid fuels a with liquid fuels containing up to 50% or more solid particles. These partic may range from 1 to 100 microns or more in diameter. In actual operation, th following fuels have been used successfully: Nos. 2, 4, 5 and 6 heating oils coal and oil mixtures with concentrations up to 50% coal; wood oil; mixtures coal/water/oil, coal/wood oil, wood oil/oil, wood oil/water/oil, wood particl wood oil, wood particles/oil, wood particles/coal/oil, and other combinations thereof. The nozzle of the present invention is highly efficient at both low and high fuel flow rates. For example, the nozzle has been successfully used at flow rates as low as one-half gallon per hour, a flow rate suitable for small scale., residential oil burners. Alternatively, larger nozzles capable of han ling as much as two thousand gallons of fuel per hour may be constructed. A battery of such nozzles may be used to burn the ten to twenty-five thousand gallons of fuel per hour needed to heat large-scale apartment -4- While the present invention has been described with reference to a spe fic embodiment, it should be understood that numerous changes in the details of construction may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of t invention. jUREA

Claims: -5" WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: 1. A burner nozzle, comprising: (a) a barrel having amain body portion, a front portion smaller than the main body portion, and an inner surface forming a bo hole for carrying atomizing vapor from the main body portion the front portion of said barrel and at least one bore commu cating the atomizing vapor from the borehold to the outside surface of the front portion of said barrel; (b) means for carrying a fuel disposed within said barrel, said f carrying means having an outlet to discharge fuel from the fr portion of said barrel; and (c) an outer sleeve adapted to receive closely the main body port of said barrel, said outer sleeve having an exit orifice near the outlet of said barrel, said outer sleeve forming a conver chamber about the front portion of said barrel to discharge t atomizing vapor across the path of the fuel as it emerges fro said barrel. 2. A burner nozzle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fuel-carrying means is a pipe concentrically disposed within the borehole and the borehole adapted to receive closely said pipe in the front portion of said barrel. 3. A burner nozzle as claimed in Claim 2 wherein said barrel and said outer sleeve have a cylindrical shape. 4. A burner nozzle as claimed in Claim 3 wherein the front portion of said barrel has a beveled outer face. 5. A burner nozzle as claimed in Claim 4 wherein the beveled face of barrel has a groove extending to the fuel outlet. 6. A burner nozzle as claimed in Claim 5 wherein the groove is at an angle oblique to the axis of the barrel. 7; A burner nozzle as claimed ~ in Claim 6 wherein the exit orifice fro said outer sleeve abuts against the front portion of said barrel near the fu outlet.

Inventors: WRIGHT D
Applicants: ADELPHI RES CENTER INC
Application year: 1980
Main classification: B05B7
IPC codes: B05B7, F23D11