HIGH FLASH POINTS ADDITIVES OR COMPOSITIONS FOR GASOLINE AND DIESEL FUELS

Abstract: An improved energy-saving fuel additive for diesel engines and gasoline engines which comprises separate compositions which raise the flash point from about 6` to 29`C. In the case of the diesel additive, the following formulation is preferred: Elemental iron .01%, Methyl isobutyl ketone 5.0%, Picric acid 1.5% Normal butyl alcohol 20.0%, Kerosene 73.0%, Nitrobenzene .08%, Primene 81R .05%. The composition of the agent for gasoline to high flash point is somewhat different and may be noted as follows: Copper cabonate hydroxide .02%, Methyl isobutyl ketone 5.0%, Normal butyl alcohol 20.0%, Kerosene 73.0%, Picric acid 1.5%, Nitrobenzene .08%, Primene 81R .05%.

Description: _1- HIGH FLASH POINT ADDITIVES OR COMPOSITIONS FOR GASOLINE AND DIESEL FUELS This invention relates to two compositions which are useful in increasing the flash point of (a) diesel fuels and (b) gasoline. In each case applica¬ tion of a dosage amount of the additive increases the flash point of the resulting composition from about 6°C to 29°C. This, in effect, relieves the user of strict legal burdens and enables the use of the compo- sitions in local and interstate traffic. A dosage of the additive to fuels is in the range 1:1000 to 1:2000 with a preferred dosage of about 1:1600 parts by volume. The flash point of a fuel indicates the tem¬ perature below which it can be handled without danger of" fire. This- is—the—temperature—to--which the fuel must be heated to create sufficient fuel vapors above the surface of the liquid fuel for ignition to occur in the presence of an open flame. Prior Art Statement Of interest relative to patent prior art are three patents of Dr. Harry M. Webb, assigned to XRG International, Inc. This group of patents; namely, US 4,099,930, US 4,129,421 and US 4,145,190, utilizes ferrous sulfate in conjunction with picric acid and includes water in the solvent milieu. The present additives are based upon copper(II) carbonate hydroxide and elemental iron together with picric acid. Additionall US 1,669,181 teaches copper and iron salts in an internal combustion engine fuel. Related to this application is an earlier application filed under the Patent Cooperation Treaty, Serial No. US 80/01509 filed 12 November 1980. In the case of high flash point composition designed for diesel fuels, a range and preferred com¬ position is set out below: Range Preferred Elemental iron .01-.03% .01% Methyl isobutyl ketone 3 - 7 % 5.0 % Picric acid 1 - 2 % 1.5 % Normal butyl alcohol- 20 - 30% 20.0 % Kerosene ■ 75 - 59% 73.0. % Nitrobenzene .05 - .11% .08% Primene 81R .1 - .2 % .05% It is noted of interest in the diesel formula¬ tion that the most important elements are elemental iron and picric acid. The composition for the agent for gasoline to high flash point is-set-out below: Range Preferred Copper carborlate hydroxide .01-.03% .02% Methyl isobutyl ketone 3 - 7 % 5.0 % Normal butyl alcohol 20 - 30% 20.0 % Kerosene 75 - 59% 73.0 % Picric acid 1 - 2 % 1.5 % Nitrobenzene .05 - .11% .08% Primene 81R .1 - .2 % .05% It is noted that in this high flash point gaso¬ line composition the most important constituents are copper carbonate hydroxide and picric acid. For solu¬ bility purposes, in addition to the above components, copper acetate may be used in amounts of .01 - .05%. -3- The Ingredients Picric Acid. This trinitrophenol acts syner- gistically with the .elemental iron or copper carbonate hydroxide to give the active component of this inven- tion. Kerosene. This is a blend of aliphatic hydro¬ carbons with a boiling point of 19°-59°C (150°-280°F) . The Alcoholic Solvents. Normal butyl alcohol is used here in the formulation designed to give a high-- flash point. Nitrobenzene. This compound is utilized as an additional solvent. It is miscible with alkanols and is a superior organic solvent for the picric acid. Primene. Primenes are tertiary alkylamines which are a cross of primary aliphatic amines of the general formula R, (R-) ( CNH- in which the amino group is linked to a tertiary carbon atom. The amines utilized in this invention are Primene 81R and Primene JM-T with the 81R preferred. These amines are anti-oxidants and stabilizers for fuel oils and jet fuels. Copper Acetate. This ingredient is known as copper (II) acetate and is useful as a catalyst in poly¬ merization processes. Copper Carbonate Hydroxide. This is also knowii as green basic copper carbonate which occurs in nature as the mineral malachite. Ketones. Methyl isobutyl ketone is used and is a lower ketone useful as a solvent. BURE -4- Iron. Preferably iron powder is used for the high flash point diesel invention. EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of High Flash Point Diesel Composition Methyl isobutyl ketone 4.0% Picric acid 1.5% N-butyl alcohol 20.0% Iron (element powder) .01% Kerosene 73.36% Nitrobenzene .08% Primene 81R .05% Dissolve the picric acid in the methyl isobutyl ketone; add the N-butyl alcohol and elemental iron. The reaction time during stirring is 24 hours. Add the kerosene, nitrobenzene, and Primene. EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of High Flash Point Gasoline Additive Methyl isobutyl ketone 5.0% N-butyl alcohol 20.0% Copper carbonate .02% Picric acid 1.54% Kerosene 73.0 % Primene 81R .05% Nitrobenzene .08% The components are mixed in a manner similar to Example 1 above. EXAMPLE 3 Using the same preparation as in Example 2, about .01 - .05% of copper acetate was added.

Claims: -5- CLAIMS : 1. A high flash point agent for gasoline com¬ prising elemental iron, methyl isobutyl ketone, picric acid, normal butyl alcohol, kerosene, nitrobenzene, and Primene. 2. A diesel additive for increasing flash poin includes the following: Elemental iron .01-.03% Methyl isobutyl ketone 3 - 7% Picric acid 1 - 2% Normal butyl alcohol 20 - 30% Kerosene 75 - 59% Nitrobenzene .05-.11% Primene 81R ' .1 - .2% 3. The additive according to Claim 2 wherein the composition utilized is as follows: Elemental iron .01% Methyl isobutyl ketone 5.0 % Picric acid 1.5 % Normal butyl alcohol 2.0.0 % Kerosene - 73.0 % Nitrobenzene .08% Primene 81R .05% 4. An additive fo a high flash point gaso¬ line comprising: Copper carbonate hydroxide .01-.03% Methyl isobutyl ketone 3 - 7% Normal butyl alcohol 20 - 30% Kerosene 75 - 59% Picric acid 1 - 2% BURE-4 O PI -6- Nitrobenzene .05-.11% Primene 81R .1 - .2% 5. The additive according to Claim 4 wherein the composition utilized is as follows: Copper carbonate hydroxide .02% Methyl isobutyl ketone 5.0 % Normal butyl alcohol 20.0 % Kerosene 73.0 % Picric acid 1.5 % Nitrobenzene .08% Primene 81R .05% 6. The additive according to Claim 4 wherein for solubility purposes there is added an amount of 0.1 - 0.5% of copper acetate- O.V.PI

Inventors: HART RIEN T
Applicants: HART RIEN T, XRG INT INC
Application year: 1980
Main classification: C10L1
IPC codes: B01J27, C10L1, F02B3