TRAPS AND TRAPPING TECHNIQUES

Abstract: Methods of trapping pests and traps therefor, wherein a surface, accessible to pests, is changed, preferably at predetermined time intervals, from a pest-supporting to a pest-dislodging condition, whereby pests on the surface are dislodged into a trapping zone for retention therein. The changes can be effected mechanically, but in the embodiment of a cockroach trap, the surface comprises a pair of inclined, insulating panels (2) with parallel conductors (3) which are pulsed electrically at, preferably, 10-30 second intervals with 300-400 volts DC, sufficient to dislodge pests from the surface on to a sticky insert (5) in a removable tray (4). The voltages are applied to the conductors (3) for not longer than 1 second, pulsing being effected by a multi-vibrator which, with associated circuitry, is contained in an upper portion (7) of a removable cover (8). A suitable pheromone attractant can be used, in a bung or phial (9) between the surfaces, as a lure.

Description: TRAPS AND TRAPPING TECHNIQUES DESCRIPTION This invention relates to traps and trapping techniques for trapping pests -and is especially, but not exclusively, related to trapping crawling insects, such as cockroaches, for example, Periplaneta americana, Blatella germanica and Blatta orientalis (black beetle) or arachnid pests, such as spiders. Cockroaches are inquisitive but very wary insects and, as a consequence, are extremely difficult to trap, particularly in sufficient numbers to substantially reduce an infesting colony. Many different types of known cockroach traos are available but are limited in their trapping efficiency due to the instinctively cautious nature of these insects. Also it has been found that cockraoches are able to sense the presence of local electromagnetic radiation, such as an electric field, under certain circumstances, which phenomenon tends to reduce substantially the trap¬ ping efficiency of known electrical cockroach traps. An object of the present invention is to provide a method of trapping pests, say, insects, such as cock- roaches, in sufficiently large numbers to substantially reduce an infesting colony. Another object of the invention is to provide a trap for trapping pests which is comparatively simple and economical to manufacture, which can be easily transported and handled, and which eliminates the disad¬ vantages, such as the low trapping efficiencies, assoc¬ iated with known traps. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of trapping pests comprising: (a) providing a surface which is accessible to pests and which can be either in a pest-supporting conditon or in a pest-dislodging condition; (b) associating a trapping zone with the surface so as to receive pests dislodged therefrom; (c) maintaining the surface in the pest-supporting conditon and then changing it to the pest dislodging condition, whereby any pest received and supported on the surface is dislodged into the trapping zone; and (d) retaining any such dislodged pest in the trapping zone. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, there is provided a pest trap comprising a surface which can be changed from a pest-supporting condition to a pest-dislodging conditon, a trapping zone associated with the surface for receiving pests dislodged therefrom and pest-retaining means associated with the trapping zone. The pests may be dislodged from the surface either mechanically or electrically. Also, an attractant may be used to lure the insect or other pest on to the O surface. Such an attractant could be in the form of food or, in the case of an insect, such as a cockroach, a pheromone attractant could be used. In order that the invention may be more fully understood, a preferred form of cockroach trap will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawing which shows a cross-sectional elevation of the trap. As shown in the drawing " , a cockraoch trap comprises a substantially triangularly cross-sectioned housing 1, with opposed inclined surfaces 6 each leading to a respective, inwardly extending and downwardly inclined, cockroach-receiving surface formed from an electrically insulating panel 2 upon whose upper surface are located spaced, parallel strip conductors 3. Beneath the lower edges of the panels 2 is located a trapping zone in the form of a removable tray 4 with a sticky insert 5 positioned therein. The conductors 3 are connected to an electrical multivibrator circuit (not shown) housed in the upper portion 7 of a cover 8 for the trap. Between the cover and surfaces 6 is defined a gap along which cockraoches can crawl to the inwardly extending and downwardly inclined surfaces. The multivibrator circuit causes alternate conductors 3 to be pulsed for a period of not more than 1- second, at predetermined time intervals of 10 seconds, with 300-400 volts DC. However, alternate conductors 3 can be pulsed with voltages of 100 volts to 1 kilovolt at predetermined time intervals of 1 second to l minute, but preferably 10 seconds to 30 seconds, depending upon the type of cockroach to be trapped, the infestation and such other factors that need to be taken into consideration to obtain maximum trapping efficiency. It has been found that the preferred operating voltage is from 300 volts to 500 volts. OMH In operation of the trap, any suitable cockroach attractant, such as a synthetic pheromone, is located between the two panels 2 at the centre of the trap. Any cockroaches in the vicinity of the trap will be lured by the attractant and crawl up one of the opposed sides under the cover 8 and on to the respective cock¬ roach-receiving surface provided by the panel 2 and conductors 3. It will be appreciated that the 300-400 volt DC pulses are spaced by 10 second intervals in order to permit as many cockroaches as possible to collect on the panels 2 between pulses. As the conductors 3 are pulsed with 300-400 volts DC, the cockroaches on the panel 2 are dislodged by the consequential current flow that the provide between adjacent conductors and fall into the tray 4 where they stick to the insert 5. Subsequently, the tray 4 can be removed from the trap so that the insert 5, with the cockroaches stuck thereon, may be removed from the tray for disposal. It is to be understood that the electrical dis¬ lodging means, comprising the panel 2, the conductors 3.- and the electrical circuit, could be replaced by a pulsed mechanically-movable surface, whereby movement of the surface, preferably in a downward direction at pre- determined time intervals dislodges any cockroaches, or other insects or pests therefrom. Of course, other suitable trapping zones, instead of the removable tray and sticky insert, could be used, for instance, a box or cage. Also, it should be appreciated that the pulsing of the surface from the pest-receiving condition to the pest- dislodging condition is not intended to kill the pests but merely to dislodge them from the surface into the trapping zone where they subsequently die or where they are removed for extermination and disposal. Although the __OM trap has been described in relation to the substantial reduction of an infesting pest colony, it can also be used for monitoring purposes. Suitable synthetic pherαnone attractants for luring certain types of cockroach on the the dislodging surfaces cf the trap are listed as follows: Periplaneta americana Germacrene D; l-methyl-5-methylene-8-(2-propyl) -cyclodeca- E,l-E,6-diene: or periplanone-B ;8 -methylene-5- ( 2-propyl) -11 - oxabicylco [jB ,l , 0j undec-E , 6-en-3-one-2-spirooxiran: Blatella germanica Prop l eyelohexylacetate of the formula: or 3 , ll -dimethyl-2-nonacosanone of the f ormula: OMPI /,, WIPO „ The particular attractant is provided in the trap in a bung or phial 9 which is supported between the sur¬ faces, as shown in dashed outline in the drawing. The trap can be made in any size, according to the size of the pest to be trapped therein. Connections between the conductors 3 and associate circuitry in the upper portion of the cover may be in th form of a plug and socket connector, such a connection having a safety arrangement, whereby, when the cover is removed, the high voltage circuit is isolated from its mains supply and also cannot be touched by an operator. O

Claims: CLAIMS 1. A method of trapping pests, comprising: (a) providing a surface which is accessible to pests and which can be either in a pest-supporting condition or in a pest-dislodging condition; (b) associating a trapping zone with the surface so as to receive pests dislodged therefrom; (c) maintaining the surface in the pest-supporting condition and then changing it to the pest-dislodging condition, whereby any pest received and supported on the surface is dislodged into the trapping zone; and (d) retaining any such dislodged pest in the trap¬ ping zone. 2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sur¬ face alternates between the pest-supporting condition and the pest-dislodging condition at predetermined time intervals. 3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the surface is maintained in the pest dislodging con¬ dition for a predetermined period of time. 4. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the surface is operated electrically between the pest-supporting condition and the pest-dislodging condition. 5. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the surface comprises electrical conductors between which an electrical potential is applied when the surface is inthepest-dislodging position, said potential being sufficient to dislodge pests from the surface. 6. A method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the electric potential is applied between the electrical conductors at a predetermined time interval of 1 second to 1 minute. O FI /,, IPO < Λ 7. A method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the predetermined time interval is 10 seconds to 30 seconds. 8. A method as claimed in claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein the electric potential applied to the electrical conduc- tors is 100 volts to 1 kilovolt. 9. A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the potential is 300 to 500 volts. 10. A method as claimed in any of claims 5 to 9, wherein the electrical potential is applied to the elec- trical conductors for a predetermined period of time of not greater than 1 second. 11. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the surface is moved between a pest-supporting position and a pest-dislodging position. 12. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein a pest attractant is provided. 13. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the pest is a crawling insect or an arachnid pest. 14. A method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the crawling insect or arachnid pest is attracted to the surface by a pheromone. 15. A pest trap comprising a surface which can be changed from a pest-supporting condition to a pest- dislodging condition, a trapping zone associated with the surface for receiving pests dislodged therefrom and pest-retaining means associated with the trapping zone. 16. A trap as claimed in claim 15, wherein the surface can alternate between the pest-supporting and pest-dislodging conditions at predetermined time inter¬ vals. 17. A trap as claimed in claim 15 or 16, wherein the-.s rface can be maintained in the pest-dislodging condition for a predetermined period of time. 18. A trap as claimed in claim 15, 16 or 17, wherein the surface is inclined at least -during use of the trap in the pest-supporting condition. 19. A trap as claimed in any of claims 15 to 18, wherein the surface is operable electrically between the pest-supporting and pest-dislodging conditions. 20. A trap as claimed in any of claims 15 to 19, wherein the surface comprises electrical conductors between which an electric potential can be applied to operate the surface in the pest-dislodging condition. 21. A trap as claimed in claim 20, wherein the electric potential can be applied between the electrical conductors at a predetermined time interval of 1 second to 1 minute. 22. A trap as claimed in claim 21, wherein the predetermined time interval is 10 seconds to 30 seconds. 23. A trap as claimed in claim 20, 21 or 22, wherein the electric potential is 100 volts to 1 kilovolt. 24. A trap as claimed in claim 23, wherein the potential is 300 volts to 500 volts. 25. A trap as claimed in any of claims 20 to 24, wherein the electric potential is applied to the elec¬ trical conductors for a predetermined time period of not greater then 1 second. 26. A trap as claimed in any of claims 15 to 18, wherein the surface is movable between a pest-supporting position and a pest-dislodging position. 27. A trap as claimed in any of claims 15 to 26, wherein the trap has a pest attractant associated there¬ with. 28. A trap as claimed in claim 15 for crawling insects or arachnid pests comprising a pheromone attrac¬ tant, a surface on to which the pests can crawl, .electrical conductors associated with the surface, means for applying an electrical potential between the conductors at predetermined time intervals and sufficient O PI to dislodge pests from the surface, and a trapping zone for receiving and retaining pests dislodged from the surface. OMP ■Λ * - WIP HA

Inventors: BAKER R, DAVIES A, EVANS D, HARRIS G, HOWSE P, MACAULEY E
Applicants: BAKER R, DAVIES A, EVANS D, HARRIS G, HOWSE P, MACAULEY E, OECOS LTD, UNIV SOUTHAMPTON, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON
Application year: 1980
Main classification: A01M1
IPC codes: A01M1