List of National Inventors Hall of Fame inductees
Inductees
Table:
Inductee

Birth

Death

Notable

Year

NIHF

Edward Goodrich Acheson

1856

1931

Carborundum

1997

[1]

Leonard Adleman

1945

—

RSA crytography

2018

[2]

Robert Adler

1913

2007

Television remote control

2008

[3]

Herman Affel

1893

1972

Coaxial cable

2006

[4]

Howard Aiken

1900

1973

Automatic sequence controlled calculator (Harvard Mark I)

2014

[5]

JD Albert

1975

—

Electronic ink

2016

[6]

George Edward Alcorn, Jr.

1940

—

X-ray spectrometer

2015

[7]

Samuel W. Alderson

1914

2005

Crash test dummy

2013

[8]

Ernst Alexanderson*

1878

1975

Radio

1983

[9]

Andrew Alford

1904

1992

VHF omnidirectional range

1983

[10]

Samuel Leeds Allen

1841

1918

Flexible flyer sled

2007

[11]

Luis Walter Alvarez

1911

1988

Radio distance and direction indicator; Hydrogen bubble chamber

1978

[12]

Iver Anderson

1953

—

Lead-free solder

2017

[13]

Mary Anderson

1866

1953

Windshield wiper

2011

[14]

Roger Angel

1941

—

Telescope mirror cell

2016

[15]

George Antheil

1900

1959

Frequency-hopping spread spectrum

2014

[16]

Thomas Armat

1866

1948

Movie projector

2011

[17]

Don Arney

1947

—

Bambi bucket for aerial firefighting

2017

[18]

Edwin Howard Armstrong*

1890

1954

FM radio

1980

[19]

Frances Arnold

1956

—

Evolution of enzymes

2014

[20]

Chieko Asakawa

1958

—

Home Page Reader

2019

[21]

Arthur Ashkin

1922

—

Optical trapping

2013

[22]

Martin Atalla

1924

2009

MOSFET

2009

[23]

Alpheus Babcock

1785

1842

Cast iron piano frame

2007

[24]

George Herman Babcock

1832

1893

Steam generator

1997

[25]

Roger Bacon

1926

2007

Carbon fibers

2016

[26]

Leo Baekeland

1863

1944

Bakelite

1978

[27]

John Baer

1917

2003

Thiazide diuretics (Chlorothiazide)

2019

[28]

Ralph Baer

1922

2014

Television gaming and training apparatus

2010

[29]

Rodney Bagley

1934

—

Substrate for catalytic converters

2002

[30]

Matthias W. Baldwin

1795

1866

Steam locomotive

2005

[31]

B. Jayant Baliga

1948

—

Insulated-gate bipolar transistor

2016

[32]

Robert Banks

1921

1989

Polypropylene plastics

2001

[33]

Frederick Banting

1891

1941

Isolated and purified insulin

2004

[34]

Paul Baran

1926

2011

Digital packet switching

2007

[35]

John Bardeen*

1908

1991

Transistor

1974

[36]

C. Donald Bateman

1932

—

Ground proximity warning system

2005

[37]

Andrew Jackson Beard

1849

1921

Improved Janney coupler for railroad cars

2006

[38]

Arnold Orville Beckman

1900

2004

pH meter

1987

[39]

Semi Joseph Begun

1905

1995

Magnetic recording

1998

[40]

Alexander Graham Bell

1847

1922

Telephone

1974

[41]

Ruth R. Benerito

1916

2013

Wrinkle-free cotton

2008

[42]

Willard Harrison Bennett

1903

1987

Mass spectrometry

1991

[43]

Emile Berliner

1851

1929

Gramophone and microphone

1994

[44]

Carolyn Bertozzi

1966

—

Bioorthogonal Chemistry

2017

[45]

Henry Bessemer

1813

1898

Bessemer process for steel production

2002

[46]

Charles Herbert Best

1899

1978

Isolation of insulin

2004

[47]

Karl H. Beyer Jr.

1914

1996

Thiazide diuretics (Chlorothiazide)

2019

[48]

Erastus Brigham Bigelow

1814

1879

Powered loom

2006

[49]

Edwin Binney

1866

1934

Carbon black manufacturing

2011

[50]

Gerd Binnig

1947

—

Scanning tunneling microscope

1994

[51]

Forrest Bird

1921

2015

Respirator / Ventilator

1995

[52]

John Birden

1918

2011

Radioisotope thermoelectric generator

2013

[53]

Clarence Birdseye

1886

1956

Frozen food

2005

[54]

László Bíró

1899

1985

Ballpoint pen

2007

[55]

Donald Bitzer

1934

—

Plasma display

2013

[56]

Harold Stephen Black

1898

1983

Feedback amplifier

1981

[57]

S. Duncan Black

1883

1951

Portable hand-held electric drill

2019

[58]

Eli Whitney Blake

1795

1886

Machine for crushing stone

2007

[59]

Helen Blanchard

1840

1922

Innovations to sewing machine

2006

[60]

Thomas Blanchard

1788

1864

Pattern lathe

2006

[61]

Katharine Burr Blodgett

1898

1979

Langmuir-Blodgett film

2007

[62]

Samuel E. Blum

1920

2013

LASIK eye surgery

2002

[63]

Baruch Samuel Blumberg

1925

2011

Vaccine for hepatitis B

1993

[64]

James Bogardus

1800

1874

Iron frame building

2007

[65]

Nils Bohlin

1920

2002

Safety belt

2002

[66]

Gail Borden

1801

1874

Process for condensed milk

2006

[67]

Carl Bosch

1874

1940

Haber-Bosch process for ammonia production

2006

[68]

Amar Bose

1929

2013

Audio feedback control

2008

[69]

Robert W. Bower

1936

—

MOSFET

1997

[70]

Bill Bowerman

1911

1999

Modern athletic shoe

2014

[71]

Seth Boyden

1788

1870

Process for making malleable iron

2006

[72]

Herbert Boyer

1936

—

Genetic engineering

2001

[73]

Otis Boykin

1920

1982

Electrical resistor

2014

[74]

Willard Boyle

1924

2011

Charge coupled device

2006

[75]

Milton Bradley

1836

1911

Game board

2006

[76]

Jacques E. Brandenberger

1872

1954

Cellophane

2006

[77]

Per-Ingvar Brånemark

1929

2014

Dental implant

2016

[78]

Charles F. Brannock

1903

1992

Brannock device for foot measuring

1992

[79]

Walter Houser Brattain

1902

1987

Transistor

1974

[80]

Yvonne Brill

1924

2013

Dual thrust level monopropellant spacecraft propulsion system

2010

[81]

Garrett Brown

1942

—

Steadicam Camera stabilizer

2013

[82]

Rachel Fuller Brown

1898

1980

Nystatin antifungal

1994

[83]

John Browning

1855

1926

Breech-loading rifle

2007

[84]

Charles F. Brush

1849

1929

Arc light for street lighting

2006

[85]

Francis R. Bundy

1910

2008

Diamond synthesis

2010

[86]

Luther Burbank

1849

1926

Plant breeding

1986

[87]

Joseph H. Burckhalter

1912

2004

Isothiocyanates

1995

[88]

John F. Burke

1922

2011

Artificial skin

2015

[89]

William Seward Burroughs I

1857

1898

Adding machine

1987

[90]

William Merriam Burton

1865

1954

Catalytic cracking

1984

[91]

Vannevar Bush

1890

1974

Differential analyzer

2004

[92]

Edward A. Calahan

1838

1912

Stock ticker

2006

[93]

Donald L. Campbell

1904

2002

Catalytic cracking

1999

[94]

George Ashley Campbell

1870

1954

Loading coil

2011

[95]

Marvin Camras

1916

1995

Magnetic recording

1985

[96]

Chester Carlson

1906

1968

Xerographic printing

1981

[97]

Wallace Carothers

1896

1937

Synthetic rubber, nylon

1984

[98]

Willis Carrier

1876

1950

Air conditioner

1985

[99]

George Robert Carruthers

1939

—

Ultraviolet camera

2003

[100]

Marvin Caruthers

1940

—

Chemical synthesis of DNA

2018

[101]

George Washington Carver

1864

1943

Peanut products

1990

[102]

Frank Cepollina

1936

—

Satellite servicing techniques

2003

[103]

Vint Cerf

1943

—

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

2006

[104]

Daryl Chapin

1906

1995

Solar cell

2008

[105]

Emmett Chappelle

1925

—

Bioluminescence

2007

[106]

John Charnley

1911

1982

Hip replacement surgery

2008

[107]

Mary-Dell Chilton

1939

—

Transgenic plant

2015

[108]

Alfred Y. Cho*

1937

—

Molecular beam epitaxy

2009

[109]

Edith Clarke

1883

1959

Graphical calculator

2015

[110]

Georges Claude

1870

1960

Neon light

2007

[111]

Josephine Cochrane

1839

1913

Dishwasher

2006

[112]

Stanley Norman Cohen

1935

—

Genetic engineering

2001

[113]

James Collip

1892

1965

Isolated and purified insulin

2004

[114]

Samuel Colt

1814

1862

Colt revolver with interchangeable parts

2006

[115]

Frank B. Colton

1923

2003

Oral contraceptives

1988

[116]

Barrett Comiskey

1975

—

Electronic ink

2016

[117]

Lloyd Conover

1923

2017

Tetracycline

1992

[118]

William D. Coolidge

1873

1975

X-ray tube

1975

[119]

Peter Cooper

1791

1883

Steam locomotive

2006

[120]

Harry Coover

1917

2011

Superglue

2004

[121]

George Henry Corliss

1817

1888

Improvements to steam engine

2006

[122]

Martha Coston

1826

1904

Signal flare used for ships

2006

[123]

Frederick Gardner Cottrell

1877

1948

Electrostatic precipitator

1992

[124]

Wallace H. Coulter

1913

1998

Coulter principle

2004

[125]

Jacques Cousteau

1910

1997

Diving unit

2010

[126]

Joshua Lionel Cowen

1877

1965

Model train

2007

[127]

Eckley Coxe

1839

1895

Traveling grate furnace

2006

[128]

Seymour Cray

1925

1996

Supercomputer

1997

[129]

George Crompton

1829

1886

Loom

2007

[130]

David Crosthwait

1898

1976

Heating and ventilation system

2014

[131]

Glenn Curtiss

1878

1930

Hydroplane

2003

[132]

David Cushman

1939

2000

Captopril

2007

[133]

Gottlieb Daimler

1834

1900

Design of automobile and motorcycle engines

2006

[134]

Raymond Vahan Damadian

1936

—

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

1989

[135]

John Daugman

1954

—

Iris recognition algorithm

2013

[136]

Donald Davies

1924

2000

Digital packet switching

2007

[137]

Lee De Forest*

1873

1961

Audion amplifier tube

1977

[138]

George de Mestral

1907

1990

Velcro

1999

[139]

Mark Dean

1957

—

Computer peripherals

1997

[140]

Alonzo G. Decker Jr.

1884

1956

Portable hand-held electric drill

2019

[141]

John Deere

1804

1886

Farm plow

1989

[142]

Robert H. Dennard*

1932

—

Dynamic random access memory (DRAM)

1997

[143]

George Devol

1912

2011

Industrial robot

2011

[144]

Albert Dick

1856

1934

Duplicating machine

2011

[145]

Earle Dickson

1892

1961

Band-Aid

2017

[146]

Rudolf Diesel

1858

1913

Internal-combustion engine

1976

[147]

Whitfield Diffie

1944

—

Public-key cryptography

2011

[148]

Richard DiMarchi

1952

—

Insulin Lispro

2014

[149]

Walt Disney

1901

1966

Multiplane camera

2000

[150]

Carl Djerassi

1923

2015

Oral contraceptives

1978

[151]

Ray Dolby

1933

2013

Dolby noise reduction

2004

[152]

Marion Donovan

1917

1998

Waterproof diaper cover

2015

[153]

Herbert Henry Dow

1866

1930

Bromine extraction

1983

[154]

Charles Stark Draper

1901

1987

Stabilizing gyroscopic

1981

[155]

Mildred Dresselhaus

1930

2017

Lattice structure

2014

[156]

Charles R. Drew

1904

1950

Surgical needle

2015

[157]

Richard Gurley Drew

1899

1980

Adhesive tape

2007

[158]

Philip Drinker

1894

1972

Iron lung

2007

[159]

John Boyd Dunlop

1840

1921

Pneumatic tire

2006

[160]

Graham J. Durant

1934

2009

Cimetidine

1990

[161]

Benjamin Durfee

1897

1980

Automatic sequence controlled calculator (Harvard Mark I)

2014

[162]

George Eastman

1854

1932

Photography

1977

[163]

Roger L. Easton

1921

2014

TIMATION satellite navigation system

2010

[164]

J. Presper Eckert

1919

1995

ENIAC

2002

[165]

Harold Eugene Edgerton

1903

1990

Stroboscope photography

1986

[166]

Thomas Edison

1847

1931

Electric lighting, motion pictures, phonograph

1973

[167]

Alfred Einhorn

1856

1917

Novocain

2007

[168]

Willem Einthoven

1860

1927

Electrocardiograph

2008

[169]

Gertrude B. Elion

1918

1999

Leukemia drug

1991

[170]

Carleton Ellis

1876

1941

Margarine

2011

[171]

John Colin Emmett

1939

—

Cimetidine

1990

[172]

Akira Endo

1933

—

Mevastatin

2012

[173]

Douglas Engelbart

1925

2013

Computer mouse

1998

[174]

John Ericsson

1803

1889

Screw propeller

1993

[175]

Lloyd Espenschied*

1889

1986

Coaxial cable

2006

[176]

Oliver Evans

1755

1819

High pressure steam engine

2001

[177]

Ole Evinrude

1877

1934

Outboard motor

2007

[178]

Maxime Faget

1921

2004

Space capsule

2003

[179]

Federico Faggin

1941

—

Microprocessor

1996

[180]

Moses G. Farmer

1820

1893

Electric fire alarm system

2006

[181]

Philo Farnsworth

1906

1971

Television

1984

[182]

James Fergason

1934

2008

Liquid crystal display

1998

[183]

Enrico Fermi

1901

1954

Nuclear fission

1976

[184]

Reginald Fessenden*

1866

1932

AM radio

2000

[185]

Harvey Samuel Firestone

1868

1938

Pneumatic tire

2006

[186]

John Fitch

1743

1798

Steamboat

2006

[187]

Edith M. Flanigen

1929

—

Molecular sieves

2004

[188]

Leonard Flom

1927

—

Iris recognition algorithm

2013

[189]

Thomas J. Fogarty

1934

—

Embolectomy catheter

2001

[190]

Judah Folkman

1933

2008

Angiogenesis inhibition

2010

[191]

Henry Ford

1863

1947

Automobile

1982

[192]

Jay Wright Forrester*

1918

2016

Random access memory (RAM)

1979

[193]

Eric Fossum

1957

—

CMOS active pixel image sensor camera-on-a-chip

2011

[194]

John E. Franz

1929

—

Roundup

2007

[195]

Alfred Free

1913

2000

Glucose detection for diabetes

2000

[196]

Helen Murray Free

1923

—

Glucose detection for diabetes

2000

[197]

Ross Freeman

1948

1989

Configurable electrical circuit having configurable logic elements and configurable interconnects

2009

[198]

Harold E. Froehlich

1922

2007

Deep-sea submersible

2017

[199]

Dov Frohman

1939

—

Erasable programmable read only memory array (EPROM)

2009

[200]

Arthur Fry

1931

—

Post-it notes

2010

[201]

Calvin Souther Fuller

1902

1994

Solar Cell

2008

[202]

Robert Fulton

1765

1815

Steamboat

2006

[203]

Dennis Gabor*

1900

1979

Electron holography

2012

[204]

Ashok Gadgil

1950

—

Water disinfection

2014

[205]

Émile Gagnan

1900

1979

Aqua-lung diving equipment

2010

[206]

Robert Gallo

1937

—

HIV isolation

2004

[207]

Haren S. Gandhi

1941

2010

Automotive exhaust catalyst

2017

[208]

C. Robin Ganellin

1934

—

Cimetidine

1990

[209]

Edmund Germer

1901

1987

Fluorescent lighting

1996

[210]

Ivan A. Getting

1912

2003

Global Positioning System (GPS)

2004

[211]

John Heysham Gibbon

1903

1973

Heart-lung machine

2004

[212]

King C. Gillette

1855

1932

Safety razor

2007

[213]

Charles Ginsburg

1920

1992

Video tape recording

1990

[214]

Joseph Glidden

1813

1906

Barbed wire

2006

[215]

Robert H. Goddard

1882

1945

Solid fuel rockets

1979

[216]

William Goddard

1913

1997

Hard drive and floppy disk

2007

[217]

Leopold Godowsky, Jr.

1900

1983

Kodachrome

2005

[218]

Peter Carl Goldmark

1906

1977

Long playing record

2007

[219]

Hannibal Goodwin

1822

1900

Transparent flexible nitrocellulose

2011

[220]

Charles Goodyear

1800

1860

Vulcanization of rubber

1976

[221]

Robert W. Gore

1937

—

Gore-Tex

2006

[222]

Gordon Gould

1920

2005

Laser

1991

[223]

Zénobe Gramme

1826

1901

Direct-current dynamo

2006

[224]

Elisha Gray

1835

1901

Telephone and telegraph improvements

2007

[225]

Wilson Greatbatch

1919

2011

Heart pacemaker

1986

[226]

Leonard Greene

1918

2006

Aircraft stall warning

1991

[227]

Leroy Grumman

1895

1982

Retractable landing gear

2003

[228]

Robert Gundlach

1926

2010

Photocopier

2005

[229]

Jaap Haartsen

1963

—

Bluetooth wireless technology

2015

[230]

Fritz Haber

1868

1934

Ammonia production process

2006

[231]

Charles Martin Hall

1863

1914

Aluminum production process

1976

[232]

Lloyd Hall

1894

1971

Food preservation

2004

[233]

Robert N. Hall

1919

2016

Magnetron

1994

[234]

Thomas Seavey Hall

1827

1880

Railroad signal

2007

[235]

Tracy Hall

1919

2008

Synthetic diamond

2010

[236]

Andrew Smith Hallidie

1836

1900

Cable car

2006

[237]

Francis E. Hamilton

1898

1972

Automatic sequence controlled calculator (Harvard Mark I)

2014

[238]

John Hays Hammond, Jr.

1888

1965

Radio control

2011

[239]

William Edward Hanford

1908

1996

Polyurethane

1991

[240]

Eli Harari

1945

—

Floating-gate EEPROM

2017

[241]

Walter Lincoln Hawkins

1911

1992

Polymer cable sheath

2010

[242]

Elizabeth Lee Hazen

1885

1975

Nystatin

1994

[243]

Howard Head

1914

1991

Laminated ski; oversized tennis racket

2017

[244]

M. Stephen Heilman

1933

—

Defibrillator

2002

[245]

George H. Heilmeier*

1936

2014

Electro-optic liquid crystal device

2009

[246]

Martin Hellman

1945

—

Public-key cryptography

2011

[247]

François Hennebique

1842

1921

Reinforced concrete construction

2011

[248]

Beulah Louise Henry

1887

1973

Ice cream freezer

2006

[249]

Peter Cooper Hewitt

1861

1921

Mercury-vapor lamp

2011

[250]

William Redington Hewlett

1913

2001

Audio signals

1992

[251]

Beatrice Hicks

1919

1979

Device for sensing gas density

2017

[252]

Andrew Higgins

1886

1952

Landing Craft Vehicle Personnel (LCVP)

2019

[253]

Rene Alphonse Higonnet

1902

1983

Phototypesetting machine

1985

[254]

Maurice Hilleman

1919

2005

Vaccines

2007

[255]

James Hillier

1915

2007

Electron microscope

1980

[256]

Richard March Hoe

1812

1886

Rotary printing press

2006

[257]

Jean Hoerni

1924

1997

Planar manufacturing process

2009

[258]

Marcian Hoff

1937

—

Microprocessor

1996

[259]

Felix Hoffmann

1868

1946

Aspirin

2002

[260]

J. Paul Hogan

1919

2012

Polypropylene and HDPE

2001

[261]

John Philip Holland

1841

1914

Submarine

2007

[262]

Herman Hollerith

1860

1929

Recording data on a machine readable medium, punched card, tabulator

1990

[263]

Alexander Lyman Holley

1832

1882

Steelmaking

2006

[264]

Birdsill Holly

1820

1894

Fire hydrant

2006

[265]

Donald Holmes

1910

1980

Polyurethane

1991

[266]

Nick Holonyak*

1928

—

visible light emitting diode

2008

[267]

Benjamin Holt

1849

1920

Tractor

2006

[268]

Stan Honey

1955

—

Sports broadcast graphic enhancements

2018

[269]

Leroy Hood

1938

—

DNA sequencer

2007

[270]

Erna Schneider Hoover

1926

—

Computerized telephone switching

2008

[271]

Larry J. Hornbeck

1943

—

Spatial light modulator and method

2009

[272]

Eugene Houdry

1892

1962

Catalytic cracking

1990

[273]

Godfrey Hounsfield

1919

2004

CAT scanner

2007

[274]

Elias Howe

1819

1867

Sewing machine

2004

[275]

George Hulett

1846

1923

Loading and unloading machine

2006

[276]

Chuck Hull

1939

—

Stereolithography

2014

[277]

Walter Hunt

1796

1859

Safety pin

2006

[278]

John Wesley Hyatt

1837

1920

Celluloid

2006

[279]

James Franklin Hyde

1903

1999

Transparent silica

2000

[280]

Simon Ingersoll

1818

1894

Steam powered rock drill

2006

[281]

Frederic Eugene Ives

1856

1937

Color photography

2011

[282]

Irwin M. Jacobs

1933

—

Spread spectrum multiple access communication system

2013

[283]

Joseph Jacobson

1965

—

Electronic ink

2016

[284]

Ali Javan

1926

2016

Helium-neon laser

2006

[285]

Allene Jeanes

1906

1995

Dextran production; xanthan gum

2017

[286]

Alec Jeffreys

1950

—

Genetic fingerprinting

2005

[287]

Charles Francis Jenkins

1867

1934

Movie projector

2011

[288]

Thomas Jennings

1791

1859

Dry scouring

2015

[289]

Steve Jobs

1955

2011

Personal computer, mobile phone, animated movie, digital publishing

2012

[290]

Amos E. Joel, Jr.*

1918

2008

Switching concept for cellular phones

2008

[291]

Clarence Johnson

1910

1990

Aircraft

2008

[292]

Kristina M. Johnson

1957

—

Polarization-control technology

2015

[293]

Warren S. Johnson

1847

1911

Temperature control

2018

[294]

Frederick McKinley Jones

1893

1961

Refrigeration

2007

[295]

Howard S. Jones, Jr.

1921

2005

Conformal antenna

2018

[296]

Marshall Jones

1941

—

Industrial laser

2017

[297]

Kenneth Jordan

1921

2008

Radioisotope thermoelectric generator

2013

[298]

Percy Lavon Julian

1899

1975

Cortisone synthesis

1990

[299]

Bob Kahn

1938

—

Internet Protocol (IP)

2006

[300]

Dawon Kahng

1931

1992

Electric field controlled semiconductor device

2009

[301]

Charles Kaman

1919

2011

Innovations to helicopter

2003

[302]

Dean Kamen

1951

—

Ambulatory infusion pump

2005

[303]

Sheldon Kaplan

1939

2009

Auto-injector

2016

[304]

Donald Keck

1941

—

Optical fiber

1993

[305]

John Harvey Kellogg

1852

1943

Breakfast cereal

2006

[306]

Charles Kelman

1930

2004

Cataract surgery

2004

[307]

Clarence Kemp

c. 1860

1911

Solar water heater

2011

[308]

Charles F. Kettering

1876

1958

Electric ignition

1980

[309]

Mary Dixon Kies

1752

1837

Process for weaving straw

2006

[310]

Jack Kilby*

1923

2005

Integrated circuit

1982

[311]

Albert Kingsbury

1863

1943

Thrust bearing

2007

[312]

Dale Kleist

1909

1998

Fiberglass

2006

[313]

Margaret E. Knight

1838

1914

Paper bag machine

2006

[314]

Jeff Kodosky

1949

—

LabVIEW

2019

[315]

Willem Johan Kolff

1911

2009

Artificial heart

1985

[316]

Paul Kollsman

1900

1982

Altimeter

2003

[317]

William Justin Kroll

1889

1973

Titanium

2000

[318]

Raymond Kurzweil

1948

—

Optical character recognition

2002

[319]

Stephanie Kwolek

1923

2014

Kevlar

1995

[320]

Irwin Lachman

1930

—

Catalytic converter

2002

[321]

Clair Lake

1888

1958

Automatic sequence controlled calculator (Harvard Mark I)

2014

[322]

Hedy Lamarr

1914

2000

Frequency-hopping spread spectrum

2014

[323]

Edwin H. Land

1909

1991

Polaroid

1977

[324]

Alois Langer

1945

—

Defibrillator

2002

[325]

Robert S. Langer

1948

—

Drug delivery

2006

[326]

Irving Langmuir

1881

1957

Electric lighting

1989

[327]

L. L. Langstroth

1810

1895

Beehive

2007

[328]

Vincent Lanza

1922

1972

Polymer cable sheath

2010

[329]

Lewis Howard Latimer

1848

1928

Filament for electric light bulb

2006

[330]

Paul Lauterbur*

1929

2007

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

2007

[331]

Ernest Lawrence

1901

1958

Cyclotron

1982

[332]

Victor Lawrence

1945

—

Signal processing in telecommunications

2016

[333]

Bill Lear

1902

1978

8-track system

1993

[334]

Joseph Lechleider

1933

2015

Digital subscriber line (DSL)

2013

[335]

Robert Ledley

1926

2012

Whole-body CAT scan

1990

[336]

Joseph Lee

1849

1908

Bread machine

2019

[337]

Tom Leighton

1956

—

Content delivery network

2017

[338]

Henry M. Leland

1843

1932

Interchangeable parts for automobiles

2011

[339]

Daniel Lewin

1970

2001

Content delivery network

2017

[340]

Ronald M. Lewis

1936

—

Catalytic converter

2002

[341]

Frances Ligler

1951

—

Portable optical air sensor

2017

[342]

Edwin Albert Link

1904

1981

Link Trainer

2003

[343]

Barbara Liskov

1939

—

Programming Languages and System Design

2012

[344]

Oliver Lodge

1851

1940

Wireless telegraphy

2007

[345]

Alfred Loomis

1887

1975

Long range navigation system (LORAN)

2013

[346]

Auguste Lumière

1862

1954

Cinématographe

2007

[347]

Louis Lumière

1864

1948

Cinématographe

2007

[348]

John Lynott

1921

1994

Hard drive

2007

[349]

Paul B. MacCready

1925

2007

Gossamer Condor

2015

[350]

John MacDougall

1940

—

Ion implantation

2009

[351]

Stanley Macomber

1887

1967

Open web joist

2011

[352]

Theodore Harold Maiman

1927

2007

Laser

1984

[353]

Ken Manchester

1925

2014

Ion implantation

2009

[354]

Leopold Mannes

1899

1964

Kodachrome

2005

[355]

Peter Mansfield

1933

2017

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

2007

[356]

Guglielmo Marconi*

1874

1937

Radio

1975

[357]

Warren Marrison

1896

1980

Quartz clock

2011

[358]

Homer Martin

1910

1993

Catalytic cracking

1999

[359]

John Landis Mason

1832

1902

Mason jar

2006

[360]

Jan Ernst Matzeliger

1852

1889

Shoe lasting

2006

[361]

John Mauchly

1907

1980

ENIAC

2002

[362]

Robert D. Maurer

1924

—

Optical fiber

1993

[363]

Hiram Stevens Maxim

1840

1916

Machine gun

2006

[364]

Wilhelm Maybach

1846

1929

Carburetor and radiator

2007

[365]

Stanley Mazor

1941

—

Central processing unit (CPU)

1996

[366]

Cyrus McCormick

1809

1884

Mechanical reaper

1976

[367]

Elijah McCoy

1844

1929

Engine lubricator

2001

[368]

Ray McIntire

1918

1996

Styrofoam

2008

[369]

Malcom McLean

1913

2001

Shipping containers

2008

[370]

Harold McMaster

1916

2003

Tempered glass

2008

[371]

Carver Mead

1934

—

VLSI method for designing chips

2009

[372]

Ottmar Mergenthaler

1854

1899

Linotype

1982

[373]

Ralph Merkle

1952

—

Public-key cryptography

2011

[374]

Robert Metcalfe*

1946

—

Ethernet

2007

[375]

Gary K. Michelson

1949

—

Spinal surgical devices

2011

[376]

Thomas Midgley, Jr.

1889

1944

Ethyl gasoline, fluorocarbon refrigerants

2003

[377]

Alexander Miles

1838

1918

Elevator doors

2007

[378]

Lewis Miller

1829

1899

Combine harvester

2006

[379]

Irving Millman

1923

2012

Vaccine for hepatitis B

1993

[380]

Michel Mirowski

1924

1990

Defibrillator

2002

[381]

Sumita Mitra

1949

—

Nanocomposite dental materials

2018

[382]

Dennis L. Moeller

1950

—

Computer peripherals

1997

[383]

Bryan Molloy

1939

2004

Prozac

1999

[384]

Luc Montagnier

1932

—

HIV isolation and antibody test

2004

[385]

Robert Moog

1934

2005

Moog synthesizer

2013

[386]

Gordon Moore*

1929

—

Semiconductor production

2009

[387]

Garrett A. Morgan

1887

1963

Gas mask

2005

[388]

Samuel Morse

1791

1872

Telegraph

1975

[389]

Morton Mower

1933

—

Implantable heart defibrillator

2002

[390]

Andrew J. Moyer

1899

1959

Penicillin

1987

[391]

Louis Marius Moyroud

1914

2010

Photograph composition

1985

[392]

Joseph Muhler

1923

1996

Stannous fluoride toothpaste

2019

[393]

Kary Mullis

1944

—

Polymerase chain reaction

1998

[394]

Eger V. Murphree

1898

1962

Catalytic cracking

1999

[395]

William P. Murphy Jr.

1923

—

Blood bag and disposable medical trays

2008

[396]

Thomas E. Murray

1860

1929

Early power generation

2011

[397]

Eadweard Muybridge

1830

1904

Stop action photography

2011

[398]

Shuji Nakamura

1954

—

Blue LED

2015

[399]

William Nebergall

1914

1978

Stannous fluoride toothpaste

2019

[400]

Walther Nernst

1864

1941

Metallic filament incandescent lamp

2011

[401]

Julius Nieuwland

1878

1936

Synthetic rubber

1996

[402]

Alfred Nobel

1833

1896

Dynamite

1998

[403]

Arthur Nobile

1920

2004

Prednisone

2007

[404]

John Knudsen Northrop

1895

1981

Flying wing plane

2003

[405]

Frederick Novello

1916

1986

Thiazide diuretics (Chlorothiazide)

2019

[406]

Robert Noyce*

1927

1990

Integrated circuit

1983

[407]

Bernard M. Oliver

1916

1995

Pulse code modulation

2004

[408]

Ken Olsen

1926

2011

Magnetic core memory

1990

[409]

Miguel Ondetti

1930

2004

Captopril

2007

[410]

Elisha Otis

1811

1861

Elevator brake

1988

[411]

Nicolaus Otto

1832

1891

Otto cycle for internal combustion engine

1981

[412]

Stanford R. Ovshinsky

1922

2012

Nickel-metal hydride battery

2015

[413]

Michael Joseph Owens

1859

1923

Bottle making machine

2007

[414]

Charles Grafton Page

1812

1868

High-voltage induction coil

2006

[415]

William Painter

1838

1906

Bottle cap

2006

[416]

David Pall

1914

2004

Filtration technology

2008

[417]

Julio Palmaz

1945

—

Intravascular stent

2006

[418]

Louis W. Parker

1906

1993

Television

1988

[419]

Bradford Parkinson

1935

—

Global positioning system (GPS)

2004

[420]

John T. Parsons

1913

2007

Numerical control

1993

[421]

Louis Pasteur

1822

1895

Pasteurization

1978

[422]

C. Kumar N. Patel*

1938

—

Carbon dioxide laser

2012

[423]

Les Paul

1915

2009

Solid-body electric guitar

2005

[424]

Arogyaswami Paulraj

1944

—

MIMO wireless technology

2018

[425]

Gerald Pearson

1905

1987

Solar cell

2008

[426]

Lester Allan Pelton

1829

1908

Waterwheel

2006

[427]

Mary Engle Pennington

1872

1952

Food preservation and food storage

2018

[428]

Radia Perlman

1951

—

Network routing and bridging

2016

[429]

Henry F. Phillips

1890

1958

Phillips screw

2011

[430]

Thomas R. Pickering

1831

1895

Velocipede

2007

[431]

John R. Pierce*

1910

2002

Communications satellite

2003

[432]

Gregory Goodwin Pincus

1903

1967

Oral contraceptives

2006

[433]

Charles J. Plank

1915

1989

Catalytic cracking

1979

[434]

Roy J. Plunkett

1910

1994

Teflon

1985

[435]

Valdemar Poulsen

1869

1942

Magnetic wire recorder

2011

[436]

George Pullman

1831

1897

Pullman car

2006

[437]

Mihajlo Pupin

1858

1935

Loading coil

2011

[438]

Jacqueline Quinn

1967

—

EZVI (Emulsified Zerovalent iron)

2018

[439]

Jacob Rabinow

1910

1999

Optical character recognition

2005

[440]

Grote Reber

1911

2002

Radio telescope

2013

[441]

Louis Renault

1877

1944

Drum brake

2006

[442]

Jesse W. Reno

1861

1947

Escalator

2007

[443]

Rebecca Richards-Kortum

1964

—

Medical devices for low-resource settings

2019

[444]

Kenneth Richardson

1939

—

Fluconazole

2008

[445]

Norbert Rillieux

1806

1894

Refined sugar

2004

[446]

Robert H. Rines

1922

2009

High resolution radar and sonar

1994

[447]

Dennis Ritchie

1941

2011

UNIX operating system

2019

[448]

James Ritty

1836

1918

Cash register

2011

[449]

John Ritty

1834

1913

Cash register

2011

[450]

Ronald Rivest

1947

—

RSA cryptography

2018

[451]

John A. Roebling

1806

1869

Suspension bridge

2004

[452]

John Raphael Rogers

1856

1934

Automated typesetting

2007

[453]

Heinrich Rohrer

1933

2013

Scanning tunneling microscope

1994

[454]

Lubomyr Romankiw

1931

—

Thin film magnetic heads

2012

[455]

Harold Rosen

1926

2017

Spin stabilized synchronous communications satellite

2003

[456]

Edward J. Rosinski

1921

2000

Catalytic cracking

1979

[457]

Benjamin Rubin

1917

2010

Vaccine needle

1992

[458]

Wallace Clement Sabine

1868

1919

Architectural acoustics

2011

[459]

Augustine Sackett

1841

1914

Drywall

2017

[460]

Aran Safir

1926

2007

Iris recognition algorithm

2013

[461]

Lewis Hastings Sarett

1917

1999

Cortisone

1980

[462]

Steven Sasson

1950

—

Digital camera

2011

[463]

Joseph Saxton

1799

1873

Measuring instruments

2006

[464]

Arthur Leonard Schawlow

1921

1999

Laser

1996

[465]

Klaus Schmiegel

1939

—

Prozac

1999

[466]

Peter C. Schultz

1942

—

Optical fiber

1993

[467]

Edmund O. Schweitzer III

1947

—

Digital protective relay

2019

[468]

Glenn T. Seaborg

1912

1999

Plutonium isolation

2005

[469]

Charles Seeberger

1857

1931

Escalator

2007

[470]

Robert J. Seiwald

1925

—

Isothiocyanates

1995

[471]

William Sellers

1824

1905

Improvement in machine tools

2007

[472]

Waldo Semon

1898

1999

Polyvinyl chloride

1995

[473]

Gerhard M. Sessler

1931

—

Microphone

1999

[474]

Adi Shamir

1952

—

RSA cryptography

2018

[475]

Claude Shannon*

1916

2001

Pulse code modulation

2004

[476]

Gary D. Sharp

1962

—

Polarization-control technology

2015

[477]

John C. Sheehan

1915

1992

Structure and synthesis of penicillin

1995

[478]

Patsy O'Connell Sherman

1930

2008

Scotchgard

2001

[479]

Joseph Shivers

1920

2014

LYCRA fiber (Spandex)

2018

[480]

William Shockley

1910

1989

Transistor

1974

[481]

Christopher Latham Sholes

1819

1890

Typewriter

2001

[482]

Frederick Ellsworth Sickels

1819

1895

Valve for steam engine

2007

[483]

Igor Sikorsky

1889

1972

Helicopter

1987

[484]

John Silliker

1922

2015

Microbiological food safety and testing

2016

[485]

Bernard Silver

1924

1963

First optically scanned barcode

2011

[486]

Spencer Silver

1941

—

Post-it notes

2010

[487]

Samuel Slater

1768

1835

Cotton mills

2007

[488]

Games Slayter

1896

1964

Fiberglass

2006

[489]

H. Gene Slottow

1921

1989

Plasma display

2013

[490]

George E. Smith

1930

—

Charge-coupled device

2006

[491]

Samuel Smith

1927

2005

Scotchgard

2001

[492]

James M. Spangler

1848

1915

Portable electric vacuum cleaner

2006

[493]

William Sparks

1905

1976

Butyl rubber

2016

[494]

Percy Spencer

1894

1970

Magnetron

1999

[495]

Elmer Ambrose Sperry

1860

1930

Gyroscopic compass

1991

[496]

Frank J. Sprague

1857

1934

Electric street car

2006

[497]

James Sprague

1909

2000

Thiazide diuretics (Chlorothiazide)

2019

[498]

Rangaswamy Srinivasan

1929

—

LASIK eye surgery

2002

[499]

William Stanley, Jr.

1858

1916

Alternating current

1995

[500]

Gary Starkweather

1938

—

Laser printer

2012

[501]

Charles Steinmetz

1865

1923

Alternating current

1977

[502]

Leo Sternbach

1908

2005

Benzodiazepines

2005

[503]

John Stevens

1749

1838

Steam-powered transportation

2006

[504]

Louis Stevens

1925

2009

Magnetic disk storage

2008

[505]

George Stibitz

1904

1995

Digital computer

1983

[506]

S. Donald Stookey

1915

2014

Glass ceramics

2010

[507]

Harriet Strong

1844

1926

Water storage and flood control

2016

[508]

Herbert M. Strong

1908

2002

Synthetic diamond

2010

[509]

Almon Brown Strowger

1839

1902

Telephone dial

2006

[510]

Eugene Sullivan

1872

1962

Borosilicate glass

2011

[511]

Gideon Sundback

1880

1954

Zipper

2006

[512]

Ivan Sutherland

1938

—

Display windowing by clipping

2016

[513]

Ambrose Swasey

1846

1937

Improvements to telescope

2006

[514]

Leó Szilárd

1898

1964

Neutronic atomic reactor

1996

[515]

Donalee L. Tabern

1900

1974

Pentothal

1986

[516]

Charles Sumner Tainter

1854

1940

Innovations in sound recording

2006

[517]

Esther Sans Takeuchi

1953

—

Lithium/silver-vanadium oxide battery

2011

[518]

Ching W. Tang

1947

—

Organic light-emitting diode (OLED)

2018

[519]

Welton Taylor

1919

2012

Microbiological food safety and testing

2016

[520]

Gordon Kidd Teal*

1907

2003

Method of producing a semiconductor element

2009

[521]

Mária Telkes*

1900

1995

Solar thermal storage system

2012

[522]

Paul Terasaki

1929

2016

Tissue typing for organ transplants, Terasaki tray

2018

[523]

Eli Terry

1772

1852

Innovations in clockmaking

2007

[524]

Nikola Tesla

1856

1943

Induction motor

1975

[525]

John H. Thomas

1907

1991

Fiberglass

2006

[526]

Robert M. Thomas

1908

1984

Butyl rubber

2016

[527]

David A. Thompson

1940

—

Thin film magnetic heads

2012

[528]

Ken Thompson

1943

—

UNIX operating system

2019

[529]

Elihu Thomson

1853

1937

Arc lamp

2006

[530]

Louis Comfort Tiffany

1848

1933

Stained glass

2007

[531]

Henry Timken

1831

1909

Tapered roller ball bearings

1998

[532]

Max Tishler

1906

1989

Synthetic vitamins

1982

[533]

Charles Hard Townes*

1915

2015

Laser

1976

[534]

James Truchard

1943

—

LabVIEW

2019

[535]

Charlie Tyson

1905

1977

Catalytic cracking

1999

[536]

William E. Upjohn

1853

1932

Tablet for delivering medicine

2006

[537]

Theophilus Van Kannel

1841

1919

Revolving door

2007

[538]

Steven Van Slyke

1956

—

Organic light-emitting diode (OLED)

2018

[539]

Andrew Viterbi

1935

—

Spread spectrum multiple access communication system

2013

[540]

Ernest H. Volwiler

1893

1992

Pentothal

1986

[541]

Theodore von Kármán

1881

1963

Turbojet

2003

[542]

Hans von Ohain

1911

1998

Jet engine

2003

[543]

Carl Auer von Welsbach

1858

1929

Improvements to gas lighting

2011

[544]

David Wait

1953

—

Microarray

2019

[545]

Selman Waksman

1888

1973

Streptomycin

2005

[546]

An Wang

1920

1990

Magnetic core memory

1988

[547]

Frank Wanlass

1933

2010

Low stand-by power complementary field effect circuitry

2009

[548]

William J. Warner

1955

—

Digital non-linear editing system

2019

[549]

Lewis Waterman

1837

1901

Fountain pen

2006

[550]

Thomas A. Watson

1854

1934

Improvements to telephone

2011

[551]

Robert H. Wentorf, Jr.

1926

1997

Synthetic diamond

2010

[552]

James Edward Maceo West

1931

—

Microphone

1999

[553]

George Westinghouse

1846

1914

Alternating current

1989

[554]

Edward Weston

1850

1936

Portable voltmeter

2006

[555]

Squire Whipple

1804

1888

Iron truss bridge

2007

[556]

Richard T. Whitcomb

1921

2009

Supercritical wing

2003

[557]

Rollin H. White

1872

1962

Flash boiler for generating steam-controlled differential steering

2011

[558]

Willis Whitfield

1919

2012

Clean room

2014

[559]

Eli Whitney

1765

1825

Cotton gin

1974

[560]

Frank Whittle

1907

1996

Jet engine

2003

[561]

Otto Wichterle

1913

1998

Soft contact lens

2007

[562]

Bob Widlar

1937

1991

Biasing scheme especially suited for integrated circuits

2009

[563]

Stephen Wilcox

1830

1893

Steam generator

1997

[564]

Robert R. Williams

1886

1965

Vitamin synthesis

1991

[565]

Sam B. Williams

1921

2009

Contributions to jet engine

2003

[566]

Robert Willson

1936

—

Plasma display

2013

[567]

Field H. Winslow

1916

2009

Polymer cable sheath

2010

[568]

Alexander Winton

1860

1932

Contributions to automobile, bicycle, and diesel engine

2006

[569]

Norman Joseph Woodland

1921

2012

First optically scanned barcode

2011

[570]

Granville Woods

1856

1910

Railroad telegraph

2006

[571]

Steve Wozniak

1950

—

Personal computer

2000

[572]

Orville Wright

1871

1948

Airplane

1975

[573]

Wilbur Wright

1867

1912

Airplane

1975

[574]

James J. Wynne

1943

—

LASIK eye surgery

2002

[575]

Linus Yale, Jr.

1821

1868

Cylinder lock

2006

[576]

Ioannis Yannas

1935

—

Artificial skin

2015

[577]

Alejandro Zaffaroni

1923

2014

Drug delivery systems

2012

[578]

Frank Zamboni

1901

1988

Ice resurfacer

2007

[579]

Ferdinand von Zeppelin

1838

1917

Rigid airship

2006

[580]

Vladimir K. Zworykin*

1888

1982

Cathode-ray tube

1977

[581]

Vladimir K. Zworykin*

1888

1982

Cathode-ray tube

1977

[582]

Consulting the data table for 'List of National Inventors Hall of Fame inductees' titled 'Inductees', give a one-line statement limited to the highlighted cells and provide it inside the JSON object {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}.