Tirukkural translations
List of Translations
Table:
S.No.
Language
Translator(s)
Title of the Translation
Place of Publication
Year
Coverage and Form
Notes
Translation for comparison:
Kural (verse) 251 (Chapter 26:1)

1
Arabic
Muhammad Yousuf Kokan
Sacred Verses

1976–1980
Complete
[19]
كيف يكون احد رؤوفا ورحيما إن يأكل الحيوانات
لا زدياد شحمه ودسمه فى جثـتـه وجسمه

Amar Hasan
Thirukkural

2015
Complete
[20]

2
Bengali
Nalini Mohan Sanyal
Thirukkural
Calcutta
1939
Prose

E. C. Sastri
Thirukkural
Calcutta
1974
Prose

N. Ramanuja Das
Thirukkural

1993
Prose

S. Krishnamoorthy
Thirukkural
Calcutta
2001
Verse

3
Burmese
U. Myo Thant
Thirukkural
Rangoon
1964
Complete—Prose

4
Chinese
Ch'eng Xi
Gula Zhenyan (古臘箴言)
Hong Kong (Xianggang Daxue Chubanshe)
1967

如何真正实践慈悲谁吃动物肉养肥自己的血肉?

Yu Hsi
Thirukkural
Taipei, Taiwan
2014
Complete
Book released by former President of India, A. P. J. Abdul Kalam[21]

5
Czech
Kamil V. Zvelebil
Thirukural (Selections)
Prague
1952–1954
Selections

6
Dutch
D. Kat
Thirukural (Selections)
Netherlands
1964
Selections

7
English
Nathaniel Edward Kindersley
Teroovalluvar Kurral or The Ocean of Wisdom
London (W. Bulmer and Co.)
1794
Selections—Verse

Not translated.

Francis Whyte Ellis
Thirukural on Virtue (in verse) with Commentary
Madras
1812 (reprint 1955)
Selections—Mixed
Incomplete translation—only 120 couplets translated, 69 in verse and 51 in prose
Not translated

William Henry Drew
The Cural of Thiruvalluvar with Commentary of Parimelazhakar
Madurai (American Mission Press)
1840
Partial—Prose
Translated only the first 630 couplets
How can he be possessed of kindness, who, to increase his own flesh, eats the flesh of other (creatures)?

Charles E. Gover
Odes from the Kural (Folksongs of South India)
Madras (Higginbothams)
1872
Selections–Verse
Reprinted in 1981 by Gian Publications, Delhi

Edward Jewitt Robinson
Tamil Wisdom
London (Paternoster Row)
1873
Partial—Verse
Translated only Books I and II (1080 couplets)
What graciousness by those is shown
Who feed with others' flesh their own?

William Henry Drew, and John Lazarus
Thirukural (in verses)
Madras
1885
Partial—Prose
Lazarus revised Drew's work and translated the remaining portion (couplets 631 to 1330) in prose as done by Drew, thus making the incomplete work of Drew a complete one.
How can he be possessed of kindness, who, to increase his own flesh, eats the flesh of other (creatures)?

George Uglow Pope
A Collection of the English Translation of Thirukural
Madras
1886
Complete—Verse
First complete translation in English by a single author
How can the wont of 'kindly grace' to him be known,
Who other creatures' flesh consumes to feed his own?

T. Thirunavukarasu
Kural—A Selection of 366 Verses (A Gem for Each Day)
Madras (SPCK Press)
1915
Selections—Prose

V. V. S. Aiyar
Kural: Maxims of Thiruvalluvar
Madras
1916
Complete–Prose

How can he feel pity, who eateth other flesh in order to fatten his own?

S. Sabaratna Mudaliyar
Kural
Madras
1920

A. Mathavaiyah
Kural in English with Commentary in Tamil
Madras
1926
Selections—Verse

T. V. Parameswaran Aiyar
108 Gems from the Sacred Kural
Kottayam
1928

H. A. Popley
The Sacred Kural (Selections in verses)
Calcutta
1931
Selections—Verse

How can kindliness rule that man,
Who eateth other flesh to increase his own?

A. Ranganatha Muthaliar
Thirukural Moolamum Uraiyum with English Translation
Madras
1933

C. Rajagopalachari
Kural, the Great Book of Thiruvalluvar
Madras
1935
Partial—Prose

M. S. Purnalingam Pillai
The Kural in English
Tirunelveli (Sri Kanthimathi Vilasam Press)
1942
Complete–Prose

How can a man grace who eats the meat of other animal to fatten himself?

S. M. Michael
The Sacred Aphorisms of Thiruvalluvar (in verse)
Nagarcoil
1946
Complete—Verse

Who eats flesh other his own to expand,
How can he grace command?

V. R. Ramachandra Dikshitar
Thirukural in English with Roman Translation
Madras
1949
Complete—Prose

He who fattens on the flesh of animals, can he ever understand the rule of love?

M. R. Rajagopala Aiyangar
Tirukkural
Kumbakonam
1950
Complete–Prose

P. Raja
Thirukural (in verses)
Kumbakonam
1950

A. Chakravarti
Thirukural in English with Commentary
Madras
1953
Complete—Prose

How can a person cultivate the habit of universal benevolence if he for the purpose of fattening his own flesh (body) eats flesh of other animals?

I. D. Thangaswami
Thirukural (Selections in Verse)
Madras
1954
Selections—Verse

K. M. Balasubramaniam
Thirukural of Thiruvalluvar
Madras
1962
Complete—Verse

How can the one who eats a flesh to have his own flesh swell
Possess a melting heart in which compassion could e'er dwell?

T. Muthuswamy
Thirukural in English
Madurai
1965
Partial—Prose

V. Chinnarajan
The Kural Gems
Udumalpet
1967
Selections–Verse

C. R. Soundararajan

1968
Complete–Prose

Emmons E. White
The Wisdom of India
New York City (The Pater Pauper)
1968
Selections–Verse
Published as The Wisdom of the Tamil People in 1976

Yogi Suddanantha Bharathi
Thirukural with English Couplets
Madras
1968
Complete—Verse

What graciousness can one command
Who feeds his flesh by flesh gourmand?

G. Vanmikanathan
The Thirukural—A Unique Guide to Moral, Material and Spiritual Prosperity
Trichy
1969
Complete—Prose

How will he exercise charity, who eats the flesh of another (creature) to fatten his own flesh?

Kasturi Srinivasan
Thirukural: An Ancient Tamil Classic (in couplets)
Bombay
1969
Complete—Verse

To feed his flesh, who flesh consumes
What kindly grace, such man presumes?

A. Gajapathy Nayagar
The Rosary of Gems of Thirukkural
Madras
1969

Yogi Suddanantha Bharathi
Thirukural Couplets with Clear Prose Rendering
Madras
1970
Complete—Prose

T. N. S. Ragavachari
Teachings of Tiruvalluvar's Kural
Madras (Health, June 1966–October 1971)
1971
Complete–Prose
Reprinted in 1982

E. V. Singan
Tirukkural
Singapore (EVS Enterprises)
1975
Complete–Prose
Reprinted in 1982

S. N. Sriramadesikan
Tirukkural
Madras (Gangai Puthaka Nilayam)
1978
Complete–Prose
Reprinted in 1991, 1994, and 2006
How can a person be held to be compassionate when he slays animals and eat their flesh, for fattening his own body?

S. M. Diaz
Aphorisms of Valluvar: Commentary and Comparative Study
Madras: International Society for the Investigation of Ancient Civilizations
1982
Complete—Verse

It is inconsistent with the way of living compassion,
To fatten oneself on the flesh of a fellow-creature.

P. S. Sundaram
Tiruvalluvar: The Kural
New Delhi (Penguin Books India Limited)
1987
Complete–Verse
Reprinted in 1989, 1991, 1992, and 2000 by International Tamil Language Foundation, Illinois
How can he be kindly
Who fattens himself on others' fat?

T. S. Ramalingam Pillai

1987

K. R. Srinivasa Iyengar
Tirukkural
Calcutta (M. P. Birla Foundation)
1988
Complete–Verse

M. Karunanidhi/K. Chellappan
Kural—Portraits: Dr. Kalaignar M. Karunanidhi’s Kuralovium, a Translation from Tamil by K. Chellappan
Annamalai Nagar: Annamalai University
1989

M. Swaminathan

1991

T. R. Kallapiran

1995

D. V. G. Ramarathinam
Tirukkural
(Thiyaga Durgam)
1995
Complete–Prose

J. Narayanasamy
Tirukkural
Coimbatore
1998
Complete–Mixed
More in prose than in verse. Reprinted in 1999.
Hardly any mercy is left in the minds of those who build their bodies with the flesh of other beings.

K. Kalia Perumal
Wonders of Tirukkural
Thanjavur (Jayam Publications)
1999
Complete–Verse

C. B. Acharya

1999

Satguru Sivaya Subramuniya Swami
Thirukural
New Delhi (Abhinav Publications)
1979
Partial—Verse
Translated only Books I and II
How can he practice true compassion
Who eats the flesh of an animal to fatten his own flesh?

C. R. Sundar
Book Divine Tirukkural
Chennai (Vignesh Pathippakam)
2001
Complete–Verse

V. Padmanabhan
Thirukkural with English Explanation
Chennai (Manimekalai Prasuram)
2003
Complete–Prose

How can you consider the person eating the flesh of other creatures to strengthen his own, as merciful?

O. R. Krishnaswami
The Wisdom of Tirukkural—A Guide to Living
Mumbai (Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan)
2004
Partial–Prose
Translated Books I and II only

M. D. Jayabalan

Cheyyar (Mavanna Publications)
2005
Partial–Verse
Translated only 321 couplets

David Pratap Singh
Tirukkural
Madurai (Master Pathippakam)
2006
Complete–Verse

S. Ratnakumar
Tirukkural: A Guide to Effective Living
Singapore (Tamils Representative Council)
2006
Complete–Prose

V. Murugan
Thirukkural in English
Chennai (Arivu Pathippagam)
2009
Complete–Verse

How will compassion hold him under its reign
Who feeds on others' flesh to fatten his own?

M. Rajaram
Thirukkural: Pearls of Inspiration
New Delhi
2009
Complete—Verse

How could one ever be compassionate
If one fattens on animal meat?

S. P. Guruparan
Thirukkural: English Translation
Chennai (Mayilavan Padhippagam)
2014
Complete—Verse

(a) If one eats the flesh of another (creature) to fatten his body
How can he be a charitable person?
(b) To strengthen his body if another body is eaten by one
How can he be a compassionate one?!!

Gopalkrishna Gandhi
Tiruvalluvar—The Tirukkural: A New English Version
New Delhi (Aleph Classics)
2015
Complete—Verse

How can one not see the ugliness of eating meat?
How can one made of flesh another's flesh eat?

R. Venkatachalam
Thirukkural—Translation—Explanation: A Life Skills Coaching Approach
Gurgaon (Partridge Publishing India)
2015
Complete—Verse

V. K. Parameswaran Pillai
Kural
Madras

8
Fijian
S. L. Berwick
Na. Thirukkurala
Fiji
1964

Paul Geraghty
Tirukurali Na sere tabu
Fiji
2008
Complete

E rawa vakacava ni yalololoma e dua ni dau kania na lewenimanumanu me ikuri ni lewe ni yogona.

9
Finnish
Pentti Aalto
Kural—The Ancient Tamil Classic
Finland
1972

10
French
Anonymous
Kural de Thiruvalluvar, Selections
Paris
1767
Selections

Monsieur Ariel
Kural de Thiruvalluvar (Traduits du Tamoul)
Paris
1848
Selections

M. Lamairesse
Thirukural in French
Pondicherry
1867

G. Barrigue de Fontaineu
Le Livre de l'amour de Thiruvalluva
Paris
1889

Alain Daniélou
Thiruvallouvar Kural
Pondicherry
1942

Gnanou Diagou
Thirukural in French
Pondicherry
1942
Complete—Prose

Comment celui qui mange la chair d’un autre être animé,
pour engraisser la sienne, peut-il se laisser gagner par la miséricorde.

M. Sangeelee
Tiroukkoural
(Editions de L'Ocean Indien)
1988

François Gros
Le Livre de l'Amour
Paris (Gallimard, Collection UNESCO)
1992

Rama Valayden

Port Louis, Mauritius
2007

11
German
August Friedrich Caemmerer
Thirukural waith German Translation
Leipzig
1803

Wie kann er zutreffendes Mitleid üben, das das Fleisch eines Tieres ißt,
um sein eigenes Fleisch zu mästen?

Friedrich Rückert
Thirukural, Selections
Berlin
1847
Selections

Karl Graul
Der Kural des Tiruvalluver. Ein gnomisches Gedicht über die drei Strebeziele des Menschen.
London and Leipzig
1856
Complete
Published as the third volume (220 pages) of the four-volume work Bibliotheca Tamulica sive Opera Praecipia Tamuliensium
Wer, das eigne Fleisch zu mehren, fremdes Fleisch geniesst, — wie wird Der der Huld pflegen?

Fenz Albrecht and K. Lalithambal
Thirukural von Thiruvalluvar aus dem Tamil
Madurai
1877

Ißt jemand Fleisch von anderen Kreaturen, um sein eigenes Fleisch zu vermehren - wie kann er Gnade erlangen?

Albert Schweitzer

12
Greek

Πώς μπορεί κάποιος, που τρώει τη σάρκα άλλων για να
φουσκώσει τη δική του σάρκα, να δείξει συμπόνοια;

13
Gujarati
Najuklal Choksi
Thirukural

1931

Kantilal L. Kalani
Thirukural in Gujarati
Bombay
1971
Select
Translated only 852 couplets (from all chapters). Republished in 1985 by Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidhya Nagar.

P. C. Kokila
Thirukkural in Gujarathi
Chennai (Central Institute of Classical Tamil)
2015
Complete
[22]
સ્વમાંસ પોષણ હેતુ જે અન્ય (પ્રાણી)ના માંસનું કરે ભક્ષણ
દયાભાવ કેમ કરી હોય તેના (મન) માં?

14
Hindi
Khenand Rakar
Thirukural, Parts 1 and 2
Ajmer
1924

Khan Chand Rahit

1926

Govindaraj Shastri Jain
Kural in Verse, First two parts
New Delhi
1942

S. Sankar Raju Naidu
Tamil Ved
Madras (University of Madras Press)
1958

B. D. Jain
Thirukural
Thirupananthal
1961

M. G. Venkatakrishnan
Thirukural
Trichy
1964
Complete
Revised and enlarged edition published November 1998 by Sakthi Finance Ltd., Madras
माँस-वृद्धि अपनी समझ, जो खाता पर माँस।
कैसे दयार्द्रता-सुगुण, रहता उसके पास॥

Uttar Ved

1967

Rajan Pillai
Thirukural
Lucknow
1976

K. Seshadri
Thirukural in Hindi
Lucknow
1982

Satsai

1982
Selections
Translated 700 couplets

1989

15
Italian

Come può esercitarsi nella pietà allineare che mangia la carne
di un animale per ingrassare la sua propria carne?

16
Japanese
Shuzo Matsunaga
Thirukkural
Osaka
1981 (August)

[23]
彼はいかに彼自身の肉を太らせるために動物の肉を食べる本当の同情を練習してもいいか。

Takanobu Takahashi
Thirukkural: Sacred Verses of Ancient Tamil
Tokyo (Heibonsha)
1999

17
Kannada
B. M. Srikanthaiah
Kural (Selections in verses)
Bangalore
1940
Selections—Verse

L. Gundappa
Thirukural Dharma Bhaga (Chapter on Virtue)
Bangalore
1955
Partial
Published a complete translation in 1960 under the title Thirukural (3 parts).

L. Gundappa
Thirukural (3 parts)
Madras
1960
Complete

P. S. Srinivas
Thirukural with Original Couplets and Translations in Kannada
Madurai
1982
Complete—Prose

ತನ್ನ ಮೈ ಮಾಂಸವನ್ನು ಬೆಳಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ಇತರ ಪ್ರಾಣಿಗಳ ಮೈಮಾಂಸವನ್ನು ತಿನ್ನುವವನು ಹೇಗೆ ತಾನೆ ಕರುಣೆಯಿಂದ ಬಾಳಬಲ್ಲನು?

K. Jayaraman
Thirukural with Original Couplets and Translations in Kannada
Mysore
2001

S. Srinivasan
Tirukkural in Kannada
Chennai
2014
Complete—Verse
[24]
ತನ್ನೊಡಲ ಬೆಳೆಸಲು ಉಣಲು ಬೇರೆ ಬಾಡನು
ತನ್ನೊಳು ಕರುಣೆ ಬರುವದೆಂತು?

18
Konkani
Narayana Purushothama Mallaya
Thirukkural in Konkani
Kochi (Konkani Bhasha Prachar Sabha)
2002
Complete—Verse
Began translating in 1987. Translation released on 23 June 2002.[25][26]
अन्नदान करचाक तागेले मांस, कोण माम्स भक्षण कर्ता,।
कसले करुणायुक्त औदार्य, तसले मनुष्य अनुमान कर्ता?॥

19
Korean

그는 어떻게 그 자신의 살을 살찌기 위하여 동물의 살을 먹는
진실한 연민을 실행해서 좋은가?

Thirukkural
Chennai
2017
Complete—Prose
Published by the International Institute of Tamil Studies
동물의 고기를 먹어 스스로 살찌우는 사람은 타인에게 결코 친절할 수 없다.

20
Latin
Constanzo Beschi
Thirukural (Books I and II)
London
1730
Partial—Prose

Qui ut sua caro pinguoscat, alienas carnes comedit quinam eum
viveutibus lenitatem et clementiam exercere dicetur?

Karl Graul
Kural of Tiruvalluver. High-Tamil Text with Translation into Common Tamil and Latin, Notes and Glossary
Tranquebar
1865

Published as the fourth volume (348 pages) of the four-volume work Bibliotheca Tamulica sive Opera Praecipia Tamuliensium
Qui ut suam earnem augeat, alienas carnes comedit, quomodo is benevolentia utetur?

21
Malay
Ramily Bin Thakir
Thirukural (in verses)
Kuala Lumpur
1964

Hussein Ismail
Thirukural Sastera Kalasik Tamil Yang
Kuala Lumpur
1967

G. Soosai
Thirukkural dalam bahasa Melayu (Thirukkural Kitab Murni Tamil Nadu)
Kuala Lumpur
1978

Reprinted in 1991
Insan maging menikmati kekejaman
Tanpa belasan mengemukakan badan.

22
Malayalam
Azhakathu Kurup
Thirukural in Verses
Trivandrum
1875
Verse

A. Govinda Pillai
Thirukural
Trivandrum
1899

Translation currently unavailable

P. Damodaran Pillai
Thirukural Manikal
Trivandrum
1951

Sasthamangalam Ramakrishna Pillai
Ramakrishna Tirukkural

1957

Translation completed 1933 with comprehensive commentary and notes, but published September 1957 with abridged commentary

Parmeshram

Partial
Translated only Books I and II

Vennikkulam Gopala Kurup
Thirukural
Kottayam (Writers Co-operative Society)
1957
Partial—Verse
Reprinted in 1960 with translations for Books I and II in verse

K. Chellan Nadar
Thirukural Tharmanaskantam
Parassala
1962

Tiruvallam G. Bhaskaran Nair
Bhasha Tirukkural (Dharmakandam)
Trivandrum (Arul Nilayam)
1962
Partial

G. Balakrishnan Nair
Kural with Commentary, Part I
Trivandrum
1963
Partial

V. V. Abdulla Sahib
Thirukkural
Erode (Gupta Press)
2002

തൻ ദേഹം നിലനിർത്താനായ് മറുദേഹം ഭുജിപ്പവൻ
ജീവകാരുണ്യമുള്ളോനെന്നുരചെയ്യുവതെങ്ങനെ?

K. G. Chandrasekaran Nair

Kottayam (D. C. Books)
2003
Prose

Shailaja Ravindran
Thirukkural
Kottayam (D. C. Books)
2007

S. Ramesan Nair
Thirukkural Malayalam Vivarthanam
Trivandrum (Trust Publications)

Translated into old Malayalam

M. R. R. Variar
Thirukkural
Kozhikode (Poorna Publications)

23
Manipuri
Soibam Rebika Devi
Tirukkural in Manipuri
Chennai (Central Institute of Classical Tamil)
2014
Complete—Prose
[27]
মশাবূ থাক্ননবা অতোপ্ত্রা জীবগী শদোঙ চাবা মীওই অদুগী মথম্মোইদা করন্না মীনুংশি ফাওগদৌরিবানা?

24
Marathi
Sane Guruji
Kavi Tiruvalluvar Kural
Pune (Continental Publishers)

स्वतःची चरबी वाढावी म्हणून दुसन्या प्राण्यांचे जो मांस खातो; त्याला दया कशी बरे कधी वाटेल?

25
Norwegian
Kevin Raja Kowsihaa Gowsegan Gowrithasan Krogh
Thiruvalluvar sin Thirukkural på Norsk
Oslo
2017
Complete—Verse

26
Odia
Chittaranjan Das
Kural (Oriya)
Bhubaneswar (Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan)
1978

Kishrod Dash Ch
Thirukuralu—In Oriya Language
Sambalpur
1985
Verse

Nityanada Acharya
Tirukkural: Book of Sacred Couplets
Balangir (Agragami Karyalaya)
1992
Partial
Books I and II only

G. N. Das
Vidyapuri
Cuttack (Bidyapuri)
1994
Complete—Verse

Biswanath Misra
Tirukkural
Bhubaneswar
1996

27
Punjabi
Ram Murti Sharma
Thirukural Dhamma Granth of the Tamils
Chandigarh
1983

Tarlochan Singh Bedi
Tirukkural in Punjabi
Chennai (Central Institute of Classical Tamil)
2012
Complete—Verse

ਆਪਣਾ ਮਾਸ ਵਧਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਦੂਸਰੇ ਜੀਵਾਂ ਦਾ ਮਾਸ
ਖਾਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਦਇਆ ਭਾਵਨਾ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਹੋ ਸਕਦੀ ਹੈ

28
Polish
Umadevi, Wandy Dynowskiev
Thiruvalluvar Kural
Madras
1958

Bohdan Gębarski
Tiruwalluwar "Tirukkural" ("Kural"). Święta księga południowych Indii
Wrocław, Poland (Ossolineum)(Europa Publisher)
1977

Pożeraczem żywego nie może być człowiek,
Co wyznaje zasady pokoju.

29
Portuguese

Como pode praticar o compassion verdadeiro que come a carne
de um animal para fatten sua própria carne?

30
Rajasthani
Kamala Gurg
Thirukural Needhi Sastra
Jaipur
1982

31
Russian
J. J. Glazov and A. Krishnamurthi
Thirukural, a Book on Virtue, Politics and Love
Moscow
1963

A. Ibragimov
Thirukural in Couplets with Illustrations
Moscow
1974

V. Furniki
Thirukkural
Moscow
1990

Разве может испытывать чувства сострадания человек,
который поедает плоть других живых существ для увеличения своей плоти?

32
Sanskrit
S. N. Sriramadesikan
Thirukural in Sanskrit Slokas
Madras
1961, 1968

पोषणार्थे स्वदेहस्य कृत्वा य: प्राणिहिंसनम्।
तन्मांसभक्षणपर: स दयावान् कथं भवेत्॥

33
Saurashtra
S. S. Ram
Saurastra Thirukural Payiram—Pitika Pragaranam
Madurai
1980
Complete—Verse
Published posthumously
அபுல்தனு ஹொட்3வன்அப்லான் ஆஸிது3ஸ்தன் கா2த்தெனு
கோனக ஸவ்கன் த3யொ?

34
Sinhalese
Govokgada Misihamy
Thiruvalluvar's Kural
Colombo (Anula Publishers)
1961
Complete

තම සිරුර වඩනුව - අන්සතූ සිරුරු කන්නා
කරුණාව සිත තූළ - ඇති කරන්නේ කවර අයුරුද?

Charles De Silva
Sirigiya (Thirukural in Sinhalese)
Colombo
1964

35
Spanish

Cómo puede él practicar la compasión verdadera que come la
carne de un animal para cebar su propia carne?

36
Swedish
Yngve Frykholm
Tirukkural sydindisk levnadsvisdom, statskunskap och kärlekskonst sammanfattad i 1330 epigram av tamilskalden Tiruvalluvar
Uddevalla
1971
Complete—Prose

Hur skall den kunna behärskas av godhet som äter andra varelsers kött för att hans eget kött må stärkas?

37
Telugu

Trivarga Dipika

1877

Trivargamu

1892

Venkatram
Nīti Mañcari

Lakshminarayana Sastri
Kural
Chittoor
1906

Jagannatha Sastri, Mudiganthi
Thiruvalluva Sookthalu
West Godavari
1952

Gurucharan
Tirukkural

1986
Verse

బలియ గోరి తాను బలిజేయు జీవుల
నట్టి కెట్టు లమరు తరుణ

Jayaprakash
Tirukkural in Telugu
Chennai (Central Institute of Classical Tamil)
2014

తన శరీరంలోని కండలు పెంచుకోవడం కోసం వేరొక ప్రాణి శరీరాన్ని ఆహారంగా స్వీకరించేవారు ఏ విధంగా దయా స్వభావులవుతారు?

38
Urdu
Hasarat Surawathi
Kural in Urdu
New Delhi (Sahitya Academy)
1966
Prose

Muhamad Yusuf Kohan
Kural in Urdu and Arabic
Madras
1976

Mukhtar Badri
Lafz lafz gohar
Chennai (Nazir Book Depot)
2001
Verse

With reference to the table information on 'Tirukkural translations' — "List of Translations" section, give a one-line statement limited to the highlighted cells and provide it inside the JSON object {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}.