Table:
Sample	Laser, Power, Detection Time	SERS Substrate	LOD (M)	Ref.
B. subtilis	750,50 mW, CCD 1 min	AgFON: 600 nm diameter	2.1 × 10−14	[75]
Chromate	785, 80.2 mW, CCD TE Cooled 20 s	Au/mercaptoethyl pyridinium	5 × 10−7	[76]
E. coli	514.5, 100 mW, CCD 1–2 min	Ag nanoparticle suspension	∼103 cfu/mL	[77]
Uranium	785, 60 mW	Au/aminomethyl phosphonic acid 50–60 nm	8 × 10−7	[78]
RDX in water	785 nm, 1 mW, CCD 10 s	Au nanoparticles 90–100 nm	1 × 10−6	[79]
Mercaptobenzoic Acid	785 nm, 5 mW, 2 s	Ag nanostructure on polyaniline membrane	1 × 10−12	[80]
Crystal violet	785 nm, 2 mW, CCD 10 s	Fractal-like Au nanostructure 30–50 nm	4.3 × 10−9	[81]
Thrombin	632.8 nm, 0.5 mW	Au nanoparticles 56 nm	2 × 10−11	[82]
Arsenic	532 nm, 20 mW	Ag, Cu nanoparticles coated with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)	1.3 × 10−8	[83]
Cyanide	514 nm, 20 mW, CCD 30 s	Ag colloids 35–40 nm	1.5–2 × 10−8	[73]
Malachite green	514 nm, 20 mW, CCD 30 s	Hydroxylamine hydrochloride- reduced Ag colloid 40 nm	2.6–5.2 × 10−9	[74]
Cyanide	532 nm, 10 mW, CCD 100 s	Ag nanoparticles immobilized on oxidized silicon substrates	2.7 ×10−7	[84]
Perchlorate	785 nm, 1.5 mW, CCD 10 s	Ag nanoparticles on functionalized silica sol-gel films	1 × 10−6	[85]
Polychlorinated biphenyls	532 nm, 3.09 mW, 30 s	AgFON	5 × 10−11	[86]
Perchlorate	785 nm, 1.5 mW, CCD 10 s	Cystamine-modified Au nanoparticles	5 × 10−16	[87]
Uranyl Ion	632.8 nm, 2 mW, CCD 1 s	Ag modified polypropylene filter (PPF) substrates	4 × 10−8	[88]

Transcribe the illustration into Markdown format.

| Sample | Laser, Power, Detection Time | SERS Substrate | LOD (M) | Ref. | 
 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 
 | B. subtilis | 750,50 mW, CCD 1 min | AgFON: 600 nm diameter | 2.1 × 10−14 | [75] | 
 | Chromate | 785, 80.2 mW, CCD TE Cooled 20 s | Au/mercaptoethyl pyridinium | 5 × 10−7 | [76] | 
 | E. coli | 514.5, 100 mW, CCD 1–2 min | Ag nanoparticle suspension | ∼103 cfu/mL | [77] | 
 | Uranium | 785, 60 mW | Au/aminomethyl phosphonic acid 50–60 nm | 8 × 10−7 | [78] | 
 | RDX in water | 785 nm, 1 mW, CCD 10 s | Au nanoparticles 90–100 nm | 1 × 10−6 | [79] | 
 | Mercaptobenzoic Acid | 785 nm, 5 mW, 2 s | Ag nanostructure on polyaniline membrane | 1 × 10−12 | [80] | 
 | Crystal violet | 785 nm, 2 mW, CCD 10 s | Fractal-like Au nanostructure 30–50 nm | 4.3 × 10−9 | [81] | 
 | Thrombin | 632.8 nm, 0.5 mW | Au nanoparticles 56 nm | 2 × 10−11 | [82] | 
 | Arsenic | 532 nm, 20 mW | Ag, Cu nanoparticles coated with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) | 1.3 × 10−8 | [83] | 
 | Cyanide | 514 nm, 20 mW, CCD 30 s | Ag colloids 35–40 nm | 1.5–2 × 10−8 | [73] | 
 | Malachite green | 514 nm, 20 mW, CCD 30 s | Hydroxylamine hydrochloride- reduced Ag colloid 40 nm | 2.6–5.2 × 10−9 | [74] | 
 | Cyanide | 532 nm, 10 mW, CCD 100 s | Ag nanoparticles immobilized on oxidized silicon substrates | 2.7 ×10−7 | [84] | 
 | Perchlorate | 785 nm, 1.5 mW, CCD 10 s | Ag nanoparticles on functionalized silica sol-gel films | 1 × 10−6 | [85] | 
 | Polychlorinated biphenyls | 532 nm, 3.09 mW, 30 s | AgFON | 5 × 10−11 | [86] | 
 | Perchlorate | 785 nm, 1.5 mW, CCD 10 s | Cystamine-modified Au nanoparticles | 5 × 10−16 | [87] | 
 | Uranyl Ion | 632.8 nm, 2 mW, CCD 1 s | Ag modified polypropylene filter (PPF) substrates | 4 × 10−8 | [88] |