Poincaré conjecture
Table:
Poincaré conjecture

A compact 2-dimensional surface without boundary is topologically homeomorphic to a 2-sphere if every loop can be continuously tightened to a point. The Poincaré conjecture asserts that the same is true for 3-dimensional spaces.

Field	Geometric topology
Conjectured by	Henri Poincaré
Conjectured in	1904
First proof by	Grigori Perelman
First proof in	2006
Implied by

Geometrization conjecture
Zeeman conjecture[1]

Equivalent to

Spherical space form conjecture

Thurston elliptization conjecture

Generalizations	Generalized Poincaré conjecture

Consulting the table, assess whether the statement is entailed, neutral, or refuted. Conclude with JSON {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"} — nothing else.

Claim: Poincaré conjecture was first conjured in the 19th century.

answer: refuted