Test of English as a Foreign Language
Table:
Test of English as a Foreign Language

Acronym	TOEFL
Type	Internet-based or paper-based standardized test.
Administrator	Educational Testing Service
Skills tested	Reading, listening, speaking and writing of the English language.
Purpose	To assess the English language proficiency of non-native English speakers.
Year started	1964; 60 years ago (1964)
Duration	Internet-based test (iBT): 3 hours 10 minutes to 4 hours 20 minutes (excluding 10-minute break in-between).
Paper-based test (PBT): 2 hours 20 minutes to 2 hours 30 minutes.[1]
Score range	iBT:
0 to 30 (in 1 point increments) on each of the 4 sections. So total of 0 to 120.
PBT:
Listening: 31 to 68, Structure: 31 to 69, Reading: 31 to 67. Total of 310 to 677. Writing (separate): 0 to 6. (All in 1 point increments.)
Score validity	2 years
Offered	iBT: More than 50 times a year.[2]
Restrictions on attempts	iBT: Can be taken only once in any 12-day period.[3]
Regions	4,500 test centers in 165 countries.[2]
Languages	English
Annual number of test takers	2.3 million p.a
Prerequisites	No official prerequisite. Intended for non-native English speakers.
Fee	iBT: US$ 160 to US$ 260, depending on the country.[2]
PBT: US$ 180.[4]
Used by	More than 10,000 colleges, agencies and other institutions in over 130 countries.[5]
Website	www.ets.org/toefl

Based on the table, assess whether the statement is entailed, neutral, or refuted. Provide the verdict inside {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"} as JSON.

Statement: The TOEFL exam is required by most Ivy League colleges and universities in the United States.

answer: neutral