2012 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships
Race results -- Men 's
Table:
Individual

Rank

Athlete

Nationality

Time

Notes

Zersenay Tadese

Eritrea

1:00:19

Deressa Chimsa

Ethiopia

1:00:51

PB

John Nzau Mwangangi

Kenya

1:01:01

4

Pius Maiyo Kirop

Kenya

1:01:11

5

Stephen Kosgei Kibet

Kenya

1:01:40

6

Eliud Kipchoge

Kenya

1:01:52

7

Jackson Kiprop

Uganda

1:02:05

8

Stephen Mokoka

South Africa

1:02:06

9
Tewelde Estifanos
ERI
1:02:10
SB

10
Kiflom Sium
ERI
1:02:12
SB

11
Belay Assefa
ETH
1:02:17

12
Robert Kajuga
RWA
1:02:22

13
Mulue Andom
ERI
1:02:23

14
Giovani dos Santos
BRA
1:02:32

15
Augustus Maiyo
USA
1:02:33
PB

16
Habtamu Assefa
ETH
1:02:35

17
Luke Puskedra
USA
1:02:46

18
Gladwin Mzazi
RSA
1:03:46

19
Nathan Ayeko
UGA
1:03:54

20
Jean Damascéne Habarurema
FRA
1:03:59

Considering the table along with the supporting text listed at the end.

Answer the following question: What is the capital of the home country of the runner with the second best time in the 2012 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships ? Respond with the correct answer (omit explanations) in JSON format as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}.

Zersenay Tadese [ nb ] ( Tigrinya : ዘርእሰናይ ታደሰ ; born 8 February 1982 ) is an Eritrean long-distance track and road running athlete . He held the men 's half marathon world record from 2010 to 2018 . His bronze medal in the 10,000 metres at the 2004 Athens Olympics made him the first ever Eritrean Olympic medallist , and his 20-km title at the 2006 IAAF World Road Running Championships also made him the country 's first athlete to win at a world championship event . He does not use a sprint finish to win races ; his strategy relies on a combination of efficient running and fast pace setting . Zersenay ( Tadese is his father 's name ) has found most of his success in the half marathon , with four consecutive victories in the World Half Marathon Championships from 2006 to 2009 ( with a 2006 20km edition ) , a silver medal in 2010 and a fifth title in 2012 . His 5 titles are a record . He set a world record at the Lisbon Half Marathon in 2010 . He has also excelled in cross country running , winning a gold , a silver , and two bronze medals in the long distance race over five IAAF World Cross Country Championships . He is a four-time Olympian ( 2004 , 2008 , 2012 and 2016 ) . In 2009 , Zersenay became only the second man ( after Paul Tergat ) to win three World Championship medals over three different surfaces in the same year , winning World Cross Country bronze , 10,000 metres World Championship silver on the track , and gold in road running at the World Half Marathon Championships . He is a popular public figure in his home country ; 2500 guests attended his wedding to Merhawit Solomon , which was broadcast live on Eritrean television . His brother , Kidane Tadese , is also a professional distance runner .
Eritrea ( /ˌɛrɪˈtreɪə , ˌɛrɪˈtriːə/ ( listen ) officially the State of Eritrea ) , is a country in the Horn of Africa in East Africa , with its capital at Asmara . It is bordered by Sudan in the west , Ethiopia in the south , and Djibouti in the southeast . The northeastern and eastern parts of Eritrea have an extensive coastline along the Red Sea . The nation has a total area of approximately 117,600 km2 ( 45,406 sq mi ) , and includes the Dahlak Archipelago and several of the Hanish Islands . Eritrea is a multi-ethnic country , with nine recognized ethnic groups in its population of around 3 million . Eritrea has nine national languages which are Tigrinya language , Tigre , Afar , Beja , Bilen , Kunama , Nara , Saho . Tigrinya , Arabic , and English serve as the three working languages . Most residents speak languages from the Afroasiatic family , either of the Ethiopian Semitic languages or Cushitic branches . Among these communities , the Tigrinyas make up about 55% of the population , with the Tigre people constituting around 30% of inhabitants . In addition , there are a number of Nilo-Saharan-speaking Nilotic ethnic minorities . Most people in the territory adhere to Islam or Christianity . The Kingdom of Aksum , covering much of modern-day Eritrea and northern Ethiopia , was established during the first or second centuries AD .
Deressa Chimsa Edae ( born 21 November 1976 ) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who competes in marathon races . He represented Ethiopia in the event at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics . His personal best of 2:05:42 hours was set at the 2012 Dubai Marathon . He won the Daegu Marathon in 2010 .
Ethiopia ( /ˌiːθiˈoʊpiə/ ; Amharic : ኢትዮጵያ , ʾĪtyōṗṗyā , listen ( help·info ) , Tigrinya : ኢትዮጵያ , Oromo : Itiyoophiyaa , Somali : Itoobiya , Afar : Itiyoophiyaa ) , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia , is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa . It shares borders with Eritrea to the north , Djibouti to the northeast , Somalia , and the de facto state of Somaliland to the east , Kenya to the south , South Sudan to the west and Sudan to the northwest . With over 109 million inhabitants , Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world and the second-most populous nation on the African continent with a total area of 1,100,000 square kilometres ( 420,000 sq mi ) . Its capital and largest city is Addis Ababa , which lies a few miles west of the East African Rift that splits the country into the Nubian and Somali tectonic plates . Some of the oldest skeletal evidence for anatomically modern humans has been found in Ethiopia . It is widely considered as the region from which modern humans first set out for the Middle East and places beyond . According to linguists , the first Afroasiatic-speaking populations settled in the Horn region during the ensuing Neolithic era . Tracing its roots to the 2nd millennium BCE , Ethiopia 's governmental system was a monarchy for most of its history . Oral literature tells that the monarchy was founded by the Solomonic dynasty of the Queen of Sheba , under its first king , Menelik I . In the first centuries , the Kingdom of Aksum maintained a unified civilization in the region , followed by the Ethiopian Empire circa 1137 . During the late 19th-century Scramble for Africa , Ethiopia and Liberia were two nations that preserved their sovereignty from long-term colonisation by a European colonial power and many newly-independent nations on the continent subsequently adopted its flag colours . However , the country was later occupied by Italy in 1936 and became Italian Ethiopia ( part of Italian East Africa ) until it was liberated during World War II .
John Nzau Mwangangi ( born 1 November 1990 ) is a Kenyan long-distance runner who competes over distances ranging from 5000 metres to the half marathon . He was the gold medallist at the 2011 African Cross Country Championships . He has won a number of high-profile European road races , including the Dam tot Damloop , 20 Kilomètres de Paris , Greifenseelauf , the Valencia Half Marathon and the Valencia Marathon .
Kenya ( /ˈkɛnjə/ ( listen ) ) , officially the Republic of Kenya ( Swahili : Jamhuri ya Kenya ) , is a country in Africa with 47 semiautonomous counties governed by elected governors . At 580,367 square kilometres ( 224,081 sq mi ) , Kenya is the world 's 48th largest country by total area . With a population of more than 47.6 million people , Kenya is the 29th most populous country . Kenya 's capital and largest city is Nairobi , while its oldest city and first capital is the coastal city of Mombasa . Kisumu City is the third largest city and also an inland port on Lake Victoria . Other important urban centres include Nakuru and Eldoret . Kenya is bordered by South Sudan to the northwest , Ethiopia to the north , Somalia to the east , Uganda to the west , Tanzania to the south , and the Indian Ocean to the southeast . According to archaeological dating of associated artifacts and skeletal material , the Cushites first settled in the lowlands of Kenya between 3,200 and 1,300 BC , a phase referred to as the Lowland Savanna Pastoral Neolithic . Nilotic-speaking pastoralists ( ancestral to Kenya 's Nilotic speakers ) started migrating from present-day southern Sudan into Kenya around 500 BC . European colonisation of Kenya began in the 19th century during the European exploration of the interior . Modern-day Kenya emerged from a protectorate established by the British Empire in 1895 and the subsequent Kenya Colony , which began in 1920 . Numerous disputes between the UK and the colony led to the Mau Mau revolution , which began in 1952 , and the subsequent declaration of independence in 1963 .
Pius Maiyo Kirop ( born 8 January 1990 ) is a Kenyan road runner . He won a team gold medal at the IAAF World Half Marathon Championships in 2012 . Kirop began competing on the European professional circuit in 2009 , taking a runner-up spot at the Bucharest Half Marathon . He returned the following year to win that race and set a personal best of 60:39 minutes in fourth at the Route du Vin Half Marathon . His marathon debut in Frankfurt ended in a failure to finish . Highlights of his 2011 season included fourth-place finishes at the Göteborgsvarvet and Route du Vin race , but another marathon outing in Köln Marathon saw him fail to finish again . In 2012 he set a personal best of 59:25 minutes at the Berlin Half Marathon and won the Tilburg Ten Miles . He was selected for Kenya for the 2012 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships . Despite being one of the lesser runners on the circuit , he gave a strong performance there , taking fourth place in 61:11 minutes and helping John Nzau Mwangangi and Stephen Kosgei Kibet to the team gold medals . Kirop failed to make a breakthrough after his 2012 season - he ran in higher calibre races , but struggled to get near the top of the fields . He began marathon running in 2015 and set a best of 2:09:58 hours for ninth at the Paris Marathon .
Stephen Kosgei Kibet ( born 9 November 1986 ) is a Kenyan long-distance runner who competes in road running competitions from the 10K run to the marathon . His half marathon personal best of 58:54 minutes ranks him in the top ten of all-time for the distance . His best of the marathon distance is 2:08:05 hours . He has won half marathon races in Paris , Udine , and the Hague . He represented Kenya at the 2012 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships , coming fifth and taking the team gold medal .
Eliud Kipchoge EGH ( English : /ˌɛliˈuːd kɪpˈtʃoʊɡə/ EL-ee-OOD kip-CHOH-gə ; born 5 November 1984 ) is a Kenyan long-distance runner who competes in the marathon and formerly the 5000 metres . He is the world record holder in the marathon with a time of 2:01:39 , set on 16 September 2018 , at the 2018 Berlin Marathon . His run broke the previous world record by 1 minute and 18 seconds . Described as the greatest marathoner of the modern era , Kipchoge has won 12 of the 13 marathons he has entered . Kipchoge won his first individual world championship title in 2003 by winning the junior race at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships and setting a world junior record over 5000 m on the track . At the age of eighteen , he became the senior 5000 m world champion at the 2003 World Championships in Athletics with a championships record , then followed with an Olympic bronze for Kenya in 2004 and a bronze at the 2006 IAAF World Indoor Championships . A five-time World Championship 5000 m finalist , Kipchoge took silver medals at the 2007 World Championships , 2008 Summer Olympics and 2010 Commonwealth Games . He switched to road running in 2012 and made the second-fastest ever half marathon debut with 59:25 minutes . On his marathon debut he won the 2013 Hamburg Marathon in a course record time . His first victory at a World Marathon Major came at the Chicago Marathon in 2014 , and he went on to become series champion for 2016 , 2017 , 2018 and 2019 . He won the London Marathon a record 4 times , and won the Olympic marathon in 2016 . His only loss in a marathon was a second place behind Wilson Kipsang Kiprotich at the 2013 Berlin Marathon , where Kipsang broke the world record .
Jackson Kiprop ( born 20 October 1986 ) is a Ugandan long distance runner who specialises in the marathon . He competed in the marathon event at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics in Beijing , China .
Uganda , officially the Republic of Uganda ( Swahili : Jamhuri ya Uganda ; Luganda : Eggwanga Yuganda ) is a landlocked country in East-Central Africa . It is bordered to the east by Kenya , to the north by South Sudan , to the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo , to the south-west by Rwanda , and to the south by Tanzania . The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria , shared with Kenya and Tanzania . Uganda is in the African Great Lakes region . Uganda also lies within the Nile basin , and has a varied but generally a modified equatorial climate . Uganda takes its name from the Buganda kingdom , which encompasses a large portion of the south of the country , including the capital Kampala . The people of Uganda were hunter-gatherers until 1,700 to 2,300 years ago , when Bantu-speaking populations migrated to the southern parts of the country . Beginning in 1894 , the area was ruled as a protectorate by the UK , who established administrative law across the territory . Uganda gained independence from the UK on 9 October 1962 . The period since then has been marked by violent conflicts , including an 8-year-long far right military dictatorship led by Idi Amin . Additionally , a lengthy civil war against the Lord 's Resistance Army in the Northern Region led by Joseph Kony , has caused hundreds of thousands of casualties . The official languages are English and Swahili , although any other language may be used as a medium of instruction in schools or other educational institutions or for legislative , administrative or judicial purposes as may be prescribed by law .
Stephen Mokoka ( born 31 January 1985 ) is a South African long-distance runner who competes in races ranging from 3000 metres to the marathon distance . He is a four-time medalist at the Universiade and has represented South Africa internationally in road , cross country , and track events . He represented South Africa in the marathon at the 2012 London Olympics .
South Africa , officially the Republic of South Africa ( RSA ) , is the southernmost country in Africa . It is bounded to the south by 2,798 kilometres ( 1,739 mi ) of coastline of Southern Africa stretching along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans ; to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia , Botswana , and Zimbabwe ; and to the east and northeast by Mozambique and Eswatini ( Swaziland ) ; and it surrounds the enclaved country of Lesotho . South Africa is the largest country in Southern Africa and the 24th-largest country in the world by land area and , with over 58 million people , is also the world 's 24th-most populous nation . It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere . About 80 percent of South Africans are of Bantu ancestry , divided among a variety of ethnic groups speaking different African languages , nine of which have official status . The remaining population consists of Africa 's largest communities of European , Asian ( Indian ) , and multiracial ( Coloured ) ancestry . South Africa is a multiethnic society encompassing a wide variety of cultures , languages , and religions . Its pluralistic makeup is reflected in the constitution 's recognition of 11 official languages , which is the fourth-highest number in the world . Two of these languages are of European origin : Afrikaans developed from Dutch and serves as the first language of most coloured and white South Africans ; English reflects the legacy of British colonialism , and is commonly used in public and commercial life , though it is fourth-ranked as a spoken first language . The country is one of the few in Africa never to have had a coup d'état , and regular elections have been held for almost a century . However , the vast majority of black South Africans were not enfranchised until 1994 . During the 20th century , the black majority sought to claim more rights from the dominant white minority , with this struggle playing a large role in the country 's recent history and politics .
Tewelde Estifanos ( born 2 November 1981 ) is an Eritrean long distance runner who specialises in the marathon . He competed in the men 's marathon event at the 2016 Summer Olympics where he finished in 60th place with a time of 2:19:12 .
Robert Kajuga ( born 1 January 1985 in Kaniga , Gicumbi District ) is a Rwandan long-distance track and road runner . He represented Rwanda in the 10,000 metres at the 2012 Summer Olympics . Kajuga qualified to the 2012 Summer Olympics on July 8 , 2012 when he ran the 10,000-metre at the African Senior Athletics Championship in Benin in a time of 28:03 ( min : sec ) . After his Olympic debut , where he finished 14th , he began participating in longer-distance road races . On December 24 , 2012 , he won a 20-km road race in Kigali . Kajuga finished the men 's race at the 2013 IAAF World Cross Country Championships in 73rd place of 96 finishers . On April 21 , 2013 , he ran a half-marathon in Nice , France recording a time of 1:01:37 . He was banned for four years , spanning 25 March 2016 to 2020 , after refusing to submit to a doping control after a race in Kigali .
Rwanda ( /ruˈɑːndə , -ˈæn-/ ( listen ) ; Kinyarwanda : u Rwanda [ u.ɾɡwaː.nda ] ( listen ) ) , formerly Ruanda , officially the Republic of Rwanda ( Kinyarwanda : Repubulika y ' u Rwanda ; Swahili : Jamhuri ya Rwanda ; French : République du Rwanda or République Rwandaise ) , is a country in Central Africa and one of the smallest countries on the African mainland , and its capital city is Kigali . Located a few degrees south of the Equator , Rwanda is bordered by Uganda , Tanzania , Burundi , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo . Rwanda is in the African Great Lakes region and is highly elevated ; its geography is dominated by mountains in the west and savanna to the east , with numerous lakes throughout the country . The climate is temperate to subtropical , with two rainy seasons and two dry seasons each year . Rwanda has a population of over 12.6 million living on 26,338 sq . km of land , and therefore it is the most densely populated mainland African country . The population is young and predominantly rural , with a density among the highest in Africa . Rwandans are drawn from just one cultural and linguistic group , the Banyarwanda , although within this group there are three subgroups : the Hutu , Tutsi and Twa . The Twa are a forest-dwelling pygmy people and are often considered descendants of Rwanda 's earliest inhabitants . Scholars disagree on the origins of and differences between the Hutu and Tutsi ; some believe differences are derived from former social castes within a single people , while others believe the Hutu and Tutsi arrived in the country separately , and from different locations . Christianity is the largest religion in the country ; the principal language is Kinyarwanda , spoken by most Rwandans , with English and French serving as additional official languages . The sovereign state of Rwanda has a presidential system of government .
Giovani dos Santos ( born 1 July 1981 ) is a Brazilian long-distance runner who won a bronze medal in the 10,000 m event at the 2011 Pan American Games .
Brazil ( Portuguese : Brasil ; Portuguese pronunciation : [ bɾaˈziw ] ) , [ nt 1 ] officially the Federative Republic of Brazil ( Portuguese : República Federativa do Brasil , listen ( help·info ) ) , is the largest country in both South America and Latin America . At 8.5 million square kilometers ( 3.2 million square miles ) and with over 211 million people , Brazil is the world 's fifth-largest country by area and the sixth most populous . Its capital is Brasília , and its most populous city is São Paulo . The federation is composed of the union of the 26 states , the Federal District , and the 5,570 municipalities . It is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas ; it is also one of the most multicultural and ethnically diverse nations , due to over a century of mass immigration from around the world . Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east , Brazil has a coastline of 7,491 kilometers ( 4,655 mi ) . It borders all other countries in South America except Ecuador and Chile and covers 47.3% of the continent 's land area . Its Amazon River basin includes a vast tropical forest , home to diverse wildlife , a variety of ecological systems , and extensive natural resources spanning numerous protected habitats . This unique environmental heritage makes Brazil one of 17 megadiverse countries , and is the subject of significant global interest and debate regarding deforestation and environmental protection . Brazil was inhabited by numerous tribal nations prior to the landing in 1500 of explorer Pedro Álvares Cabral , who claimed the area for the Portuguese Empire . Brazil remained a Portuguese colony until 1808 , when the capital of the empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro . In 1815 , the colony was elevated to the rank of kingdom upon the formation of the United Kingdom of Portugal , Brazil and the Algarves .
Augustus Maiyo ( born May 10 , 1983 ) is a Kenyan-born American long distance runner . An alumnus of the University of Alabama , he is also a food service specialist in the United States Army and competes in marathons as a member of the U.S. Army World Class Athlete Program . Maiyo won the 2012 Marine Corps Marathon . At the 2012 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships Maiyo finished 15th .
The United States of America ( USA ) , commonly known as the United States ( U.S. or US ) or America , is a country consisting of 50 states , a federal district , five major self-governing territories , and various possessions . [ g ] At 3.8 million square miles ( 9.8 million km2 ) , it is the world 's third or fourth-largest country by total area [ b ] and is slightly smaller than the entire continent of Europe . Most of the country is located in central North America between Canada and Mexico . With an estimated population of over 328 million , the U.S. is the third most populous country in the world . The capital is Washington , D.C. , and the most populous city is New York City . Paleo-Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 12,000 years ago . European colonization began in the 16th century . The United States emerged from the thirteen British colonies established along the East Coast . Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies led to the American Revolutionary War lasting between 1775 and 1783 , leading to independence . The United States embarked on a vigorous expansion across North America throughout the 19th century - gradually acquiring new territories , displacing Native Americans , and admitting new states - until by 1848 it spanned the continent . During the second half of the 19th century , the American Civil War led to the abolition of slavery in the United States . The Spanish-American War and World War I confirmed the country 's status as a global military power .
Luke Puskedra ( born February 8 , 1990 ) is an American retired long-distance runner who competed over distances ranging from 10,000 metres to the marathon . He grew up in Ogden , Utah and attended Judge Memorial Catholic High School before studying business administration at the University of Oregon . He competed for the Oregon Ducks track and field and cross country teams , earned 12 NCAA Division I All-American awards and was a 10,000 meter finalist at the NCAA level four years running from 2009 to 2012 . In 2015 Puskedra won the Vancouver Sun Run .
Sibabalwe Gladwin Mzazi ( born 28 August 1988 ) is a South African athlete competing in the long-distance running events . He competed at five consecutive Summer Universiades winning gold medals in 2009 and 2013 .
France ( French : [ fʁɑ̃s ] ( listen ) ) , officially the French Republic ( French : République française , pronounced [ ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛːz ] ( listen ) ) , is a country whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe and several overseas regions and territories . [ XIII ] The metropolitan area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea , and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean . It is bordered by Belgium , Luxembourg and Germany to the northeast , Switzerland and Italy to the east , and Andorra and Spain to the south . The overseas territories include French Guiana in South America and several islands in the Atlantic , Pacific and Indian oceans . The country 's 18 integral regions ( five of which are situated overseas ) span a combined area of 643,801 square kilometres ( 248,573 sq mi ) and a total population of 67.02 million ( as of July 2019 [ update ] ) . France is a unitary semi-presidential republic with its capital in Paris , the country 's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre . Other major urban areas include Lyon , Marseille , Toulouse , Bordeaux , Lille and Nice . France , including its overseas territories , has the most number of time zones of any country , with a total of 12 . During the Iron Age , what is now metropolitan France was inhabited by the Gauls , a Celtic people . Rome annexed the area in 51 BC , holding it until the arrival of Germanic Franks in 476 , who formed the Kingdom of Francia . The Treaty of Verdun of 843 partitioned Francia into East Francia , Middle Francia and West Francia . West Francia , which became the Kingdom of France in 987 , emerged as a major European power in the Late Middle Ages , following its victory in the Hundred Years ' War ( 1337-1453 ) .