List of mosques in Turkey
Table:
Name	City	Year	Remarks

Sabancı Mosque	Adana	1998

Aslanhane Mosque	Ankara	1290

Kocatepe Mosque	Ankara	1987

Maltepe Mosque	Ankara	1959

Zagan Pasha Mosque	Balıkesir	1461

Emir Sultan Mosque	Bursa	1868

Bursa Grand Mosque	Bursa	1420	Largest mosque in Bursa

Green Mosque	Bursa	1421	Green Mosque commissioned by Mehmet I

Evliya Kasim Pasha Mosque	Edirne	1442	Commissioned by Kasım Pasha

Selimiye Mosque	Edirne	1575	Commissioned by Selim II

Üç Şerefeli Mosque	Edirne	1547	Commissioned by Murat II

Arap Mosque	Istanbul	1856	Based upon a former Roman Catholic church devoted to Saint Paul and Saint Dominic

Bayezid II Mosque	Istanbul	1506	Commisiıned by Beyazıt II

Eyüp Sultan Mosque	Istanbul	1458	The tomb and mosque of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari

Fatih Mosque	Istanbul , Marmara	1463-1771	The mosque was destroyed by an earthquake in 1766 and rebuilt in 1771

Hagia Sophia	Istanbul	537	Converted after the Conquest of Constantinople by Sultan Mehmed II , became a public museum in 1935

Laleli Mosque	Istanbul	1783	by Sultan Mustafa III

Mihrimah Mosque	Istanbul	1565	Commissioned by the daughter of Suleyman I

New Mosque	Istanbul	1665	Also known as Yeni Cami

Nuruosmaniye Mosque	Istanbul	1755	Commissioned by Mahmut I , completed during the reign of Osman III

Taking into account the accompanying table as well as the relevant paragraphs provided at the end.

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Sabancı Central Mosque ( Turkish : Sabancı Merkez Camii ) in Adana is the second largest mosque in Turkey . [ failed verification ] The exterior of the mosque ( and its interior decoration ) is similar to the Selimiye Mosque in Edirne , though it has six minarets , similar to the Sultan Ahmed Mosque ( Blue Mosque ) in Istanbul . The mosque , which went into service in 1998 , was constructed upon a confiscated Armenian cemetery . It is built on a total of 52,600 square metres ( 566,000 square feet ) of land and has a closed area of 6,600 square metres ( 71,000 square feet ) . Sabancı Central Mosque was built jointly by Turkish Religious Foundation and Sabanci Foundation . The proprietorship of the mosque belongs to Adana Religious Affairs Foundation and its usage rights have been transferred to Adana Provincial Office of Mufti .
Adana ( pronounced [ aˈda.na ] ; Armenian : Ադանա ; Ancient Greek : Άδανα , Arabic : أضنة ) is a major city in southern Turkey . The city is situated on the Seyhan river , 35 km ( 22 mi ) inland from the Mediterranean , in south-central Anatolia . It is the administrative seat of the Adana Province and has a population of 1.77 million , making it the 5th most populated city in Turkey . The Adana-Mersin polycentric metropolitan area , with a population of 3 million , stretches over 70 km ( 43 mi ) east-west and 25 km ( 16 mi ) north-south ; encompassing the cities of Mersin , Tarsus and Adana . Adana lies in the heart of Cilicia , a geo-cultural region locally known as Çukurova . Home to six million people , Cilicia is one of the largest population concentrations in Turkey , as well as the most agriculturally productive area , owing to its large stretch of flat , fertile land . The region includes the provinces of Mersin , Adana , Osmaniye and Hatay .
Aslanhane Mosque ( Turkish : Arslanhane Camii ) is a 13th-century mosque in Ankara , Turkey .
Ankara ( /ˈæŋkərə/ , also US : /ˈɑːŋ-/ , Turkish : [ ˈaŋkaɾa ] ( listen ) ) , historically known as Ancyra ( /ænˈsaɪrə/ ) and Angora ( /æŋˈɡɔːrə/ , also US : /ˈæŋɡərə/ ) , is the capital of Turkey . With a population of 4,587,558 in the urban centre ( 2014 ) and 5,150,072 in its province ( 2015 ) , it is Turkey 's second largest city after Istanbul ( the former imperial capital ) , having outranked İzmir in the 20th century . Ankara covers an area of 24,521 km2 ( 9,468 sq mi ) . On 23 April 1920 the Grand National Assembly of Turkey was established in Ankara , which became the headquarters of Atatürk and the Turkish National Movement during the Turkish War of Independence . Ankara became the new Turkish capital upon the establishment of the Republic on 29 October 1923 , succeeding in this role the former Turkish capital Istanbul ( Constantinople ) following the fall of the Ottoman Empire . The government is a prominent employer , but Ankara is also an important commercial and industrial city , located at the centre of Turkey 's road and railway networks . The city gave its name to the Angora wool shorn from Angora rabbits , the long-haired Angora goat ( the source of mohair ) , and the Angora cat . The area is also known for its pears , honey and muscat grapes . Although situated in one of the driest places of Turkey and surrounded mostly by steppe vegetation except for the forested areas on the southern periphery , Ankara can be considered a green city in terms of green areas per inhabitant , at 72 square metres ( 775 square feet ) per head . Ankara is a very old city with various Hittite , Phrygian , Hellenistic , Roman , Byzantine , and Ottoman archaeological sites . The historical centre of town is a rocky hill rising 150 m ( 500 ft ) over the left bank of the Ankara Çayı , a tributary of the Sakarya River , the classical Sangarius . The hill remains crowned by the ruins of the old citadel .
The Kocatepe Mosque ( Turkish : Kocatepe Camii ) is the largest mosque in Ankara , Turkey . It was built between 1967 and 1987 in the Kocatepe quarter in Kızılay , and its size and prominent situation have made it a landmark that can be seen from almost anywhere in central Ankara .
Maltepe Mosque or ( Maltepe Masjid ) ( Turkish : Maltepe Camii ) is a mosque in Ankara , Turkey . Along with Kocatepe Mosque , it is one of the best known mosques in Ankara .
Zagan Pasha Mosque ( Turkish : Zağnospaşa Camii ) is a historic mosque in Balıkesir , northwest Turkey . It is known as the place , where Mustafa Kemal Atatürk delivered his famous Balıkesir Khutbah in 1923 . The mosque was built in 1461 by Zagan Pasha ( fl . 1446-1462 or 1469 ) , an Ottoman military commander and Grand Vizier of Albanian origin . Located in the city center , at Mustafa Fakıh neighborhood , it is part of a complex consisting of a tomb and a hammam . The mosque and the tomb , broke down in 1897 , were rebuilt in 1908 by the Mutasarrıf ( Governor ) Ömer Ali Bey . It is the biggest mosque in Balıkesir . The square-plan mosque is constructed in ashlar masonry . It has one main dome surrounded by four side domes , which are separated by vaults . Entrance to the mosque is through double-winged wooden doors in the north , west and east . On three sides of the mosque , in front of the doors , there is a porch with an inclined lead-coated timber roof supported by two square marble columns . The mosque has no narthex .
Balıkesir ( Turkish pronunciation : [ baˈlɯkesiɾ ] ) is a city and the capital city of Balıkesir Province . Balıkesir is in the Marmara region of Turkey and has a population of 331,788 inhabitants . Between 1341-1922 , it was the capital of Karasi .
Emir Sultan Mosque ( Turkish : Emir Sultan Camii ) is a mosque in Bursa , Turkey . First built in the 14th century , it was rebuilt in 1804 upon the orders of the Ottoman Sultan Selim III , and re-built again in 1868 , along slightly varying plans each time .
Bursa is a large city in Turkey , located in northwestern Anatolia , within the Marmara Region . The fourth most populous city in Turkey and second most populous in Marmara Region , Bursa functions as one of the industrial and trade centres of Turkey ( especially in respect of the automotive industry ) . The city is also the capital of Bursa Province . Bursa ( Ottoman Turkish : بورسا ) was the first major and second overall capital of the Ottoman State between 1335 and 1363 . The city was referred to as Hüdavendigar ( خداوندگار , from the Persian name translated as God 's gift ) during the Ottoman period , while a more recent nickname is Yeşil Bursa ( Green Bursa ) in reference to the parks and gardens located across its urban fabric , as well as to the vast and richly varied forests of the surrounding region . Mount Uludağ , the ancient Mysian Olympus , towers over it , and has a well-known ski resort . Bursa has rather orderly urban growth and borders a fertile plain . The mausoleums of the early Ottoman sultans are located in Bursa , and the city 's main landmarks include numerous edifices built throughout the Ottoman period . Bursa also has thermal baths , old Ottoman mansions , palaces , and several museums . The shadow-play characters Karagöz and Hacivat are based on historic personalities who lived and died in Bursa ( in the 14th century ) . The city is also known for İskender kebap , pideli köfte , cantık , marron glacé and Bursa peaches . Bursa houses the Uludağ University , and its population can claim one of the highest overall levels of education in Turkey .
Bursa Grand Mosque ( Turkish : Ulu Cami ) is a mosque in Bursa , Turkey . Built in the Seljuk style , it was ordered by the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I and built between 1396 and 1399 . The mosque has 20 domes and 2 minarets .
The Green Mosque ( Turkish : Yeşil Camii ) , also known as the Mosque of Mehmed I , is a part of a larger complex ( Turkish : külliye ) located on the east side of Bursa , Turkey , the former capital of the Ottoman Turks before they captured Constantinople in 1453 . The complex consists of a mosque , türbe , madrasah , kitchen and bath . The name Green Mosque comes from its green and blue interior tile decorations .
Mehmed I ( 1379 - 26 May 1421 ) , also known as Mehmed Çelebi ( Ottoman Turkish : چلبی محمد , the noble-born ) or Kirişçi ( from Greek Kyritzes , lord 's son ) , was the Ottoman Sultan from 1413 to 1421 . The fourth son of Sultan Bayezid I and Devlet Hatun , he fought with his brothers over control of the Ottoman realm in the Ottoman Interregnum ( 1402-1413 ) . Starting from the province of Rûm he managed to bring first Anatolia and then the European territories ( Rumelia ) under his control , reuniting the Ottoman state by 1413 , and ruling it until his death in 1421 .
Evliya Kasim Pasha Mosque ( Turkish : Evliya Kasım Paşa Cami ) is a 15th-century Ottoman mosque in Edirne , northwestern Turkey . It is named after Kasim Pasha ( fl . 1442-43 ) . The mosque was built by Kasim Pasha in 1478-1479 , the Beylerbey of the Rumelia Eyalet in the Ottoman Empire and a commander of the Ottoman forces during the reign of the sultans Mehmed the Conqueror ( r. 1444 - 1446 , 1451 - 1481 ) and Bayezid II ( r. 1481-1512 ) ; he was also titled Evliya , saint . The grave of Kasim Pasha is in the mosque 's yard .
Edirne ( US : /eɪˈdɪərnə , ɛˈ-/ , Turkish : [ eˈdiɾne ] ) , historically known as Adrianople ( /ˌeɪdriəˈnoʊpəl/ ; Latin : Hadrianopolis ; Ancient Greek : Ἁδριανούπολις , romanized : Hadrianoúpolis ; Modern Greek : Αδριανούπολη , romanized : Adrianoúpoli ; Bulgarian : Одрин , romanized : Odrin ; founded by the Roman emperor Hadrian on the site of a previous Thracian settlement named Uskudama ) , is a city in the northwestern Turkish province of Edirne in the region of East Thrace , close to Turkey 's borders with Greece and Bulgaria . Edirne served as the third capital city of the Ottoman Empire from 1369 to 1453 , before Constantinople ( present-day Istanbul ) became the empire 's fourth and final capital between 1453 and 1922 . The city 's estimated population in 2014 was 165,979 .
Kasım Pasha or Kasem Pasha ( Turkish : Kasım Paşa ; fl . 1442-43 ) was an Albanian Ottoman general and governor , the beylerbey of Rumelia and one of the commanders of the Ottoman forces during the Crusade of Varna ( 1443-44 ) . When Rumelian beylerbey and vizier Hadım Şehabeddin was defeated by John Hunyadi in 1442 , he was replaced by Kasım Pasha at both positions .
The Selimiye Mosque ( Turkish : Selimiye Camii ) is an Ottoman imperial mosque , which is located in the city of Edirne ( formerly Adrianople ) , Turkey . The mosque was commissioned by Sultan Selim II , and was built by the imperial architect Mimar Sinan between 1568 and 1575 . It was considered by Sinan to be his masterpiece and is one of the highest achievements of Islamic architecture .
Selim II ( Ottoman Turkish : سليم ثانى Selīm-i sānī , Turkish : II.Selim ; 30 May 1524 - 15 December 1574 ) , also known as Sarı Selim ( Selim the Blond ) or Sarhoş Selim ( Selim the Drunk ) , was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1566 until his death in 1574 . He was a son of Suleiman the Magnificent and his wife Hurrem Sultan . Selim had been an unlikely candidate for the throne until his brother Mehmed died of smallpox , his half-brother Mustafa was strangled to death by the order of his father , his brother Cihangir died of grief at the news of this latter execution , and his brother Bayezid was killed on the order of his father after a rebellion . Selim died on 15 December 1574 and was buried in Hagia Sophia .
The Üç Şerefeli Mosque ( Turkish : Üç Şerefeli Camii ) is a 15th-century Ottoman mosque in Edirne , Turkey .
Murad II ( 16 June 1404- 3 February 1451 ) ( Ottoman Turkish : مراد ثانى Murād-ı sānī , Turkish : II . Murat ) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1421 to 1444 and again from 1446 to 1451 . Murad II 's reign was marked by the long war he fought against the Christian feudal lords of the Balkans and the Turkish beyliks in Anatolia , a conflict that lasted 25 years . He was brought up in Amasya , and ascended the throne on the death of his father Mehmed I . His mother was Valide Sultan Emine Hatun ( daughter of Suleyman Bey , ruler of Dulkadirids ) , his father 's third consort . Their marriage served as an alliance between the Ottomans and this buffer state .
Arap Mosque ( Turkish : Arap Camii , literally Arab Mosque ) is a mosque in the Karaköy quarter of Istanbul , Turkey . The building was originally a Roman Catholic church erected in 1325 by the friars of the Dominican Order , near or above an earlier chapel dedicated to Saint Paul ( Italian : San Paolo ) in 1233 . Although the structure was altered during the Ottoman period , it is the only example of medieval religious Gothic Architecture remaining in Istanbul . The church was converted into a mosque by the Ottomans between 1475 and 1478 , during the reign of Sultan Mehmed II , and became known as the Galata Mosque . It was later given by Sultan Bayezid II to Muslim Arab refugees from Al-Andalus who escaped the Spanish Inquisition in 1492 and settled in the Galata neighborhood of Istanbul ( hence its current name , Arab Mosque . )
Istanbul ( /ˌɪstænˈbʊl/ , also US : /ˈɪstænbʊl/ ; Turkish : İstanbul [ isˈtanbuɫ ] ( listen ) ) , formerly known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the most populous city in Turkey and the country 's economic , cultural and historic center . Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia , straddling the Bosporus strait ( which separates Europe and Asia ) between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea . Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives in suburbs on the Asian side of the Bosporus . With a total population of around 15 million residents in its metropolitan area , Istanbul is one of the world 's most populous cities , ranking as the world 's fifth-largest city proper and the largest European city . The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality ( coterminous with Istanbul Province ) . Founded under the name of Byzantion ( Βυζάντιον ) on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE , the city grew in size and influence , becoming one of the most important cities in history . After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE , it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries , during the Roman/Byzantine ( 330-1204 ) , Latin ( 1204-1261 ) , Palaiologos Byzantine ( 1261-1453 ) and Ottoman ( 1453-1922 ) empires . It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times , before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 CE and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate . Under the name Constantinople it was the Ottoman capital until 1923 . The capital was then moved to Ankara and the city was renamed Istanbul . The city held the strategic position between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean . It was also on the historic Silk Road .
Bayezid II Mosque may refer to :
Bayezid II ( 3 December 1447 - 26 May 1512 ) ( Ottoman Turkish : بايزيد ثانى Bāyezīd-i s̱ānī , Turkish : II . Bayezid or II . Beyazıt ) was the eldest son and successor of Mehmed II , ruling as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1481 to 1512 . During his reign , Bayezid II consolidated the Ottoman Empire and thwarted a Safavid rebellion soon before abdicating his throne to his son , Selim I . He is most notable for evacuating Sephardi Jews from Spain after the proclamation of the Alhambra Decree and resettling them throughout the Ottoman Empire .
The Eyüp Sultan Mosque ( Turkish : Eyüp Sultan Camii ) is situated in the Eyüp district of Istanbul , outside the city walls near the Golden Horn . The present building dates from the beginning of the 19th century . The mosque complex includes a mausoleum marking the spot where Abu Ayub al-Ansari , the standard-bearer and friend of the Islamic prophet Muhammad , is said to have been buried .
Abu Ayyub al-Ansari ( died 674 ) - born Khalid bin Zayd bin Kulayb in Yathrib - hailed from the tribe of Banu Najjar and was a close companion ( Arabic : الصحابه , sahaba ) of Muhammad . He was named after the biblical Job . Abu Ayyub was one of the Ansar ( Arabic : الأنصار , meaning aiders , helpers or patrons ) of early Muslim history , those who supported Muhammad after the hijra ( migration ) to Medina in 622 . The patronym Abu Ayyub , means father ( abu ) of Ayyub . Abu Ayyub died of dysentery during the First Arab Siege of Constantinople . When Muhammad arrived in Medina , all of the inhabitants of the city offered to accommodate him . It is said that he decided instead to allow his camel to walk where it chose and to stay at whomsoever 's house it stopped . The camel stopped at the house of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari , a member of the Bani An-Najjar , who were regarded as the best of the tribes of Medina . Though Abu Ayub Al Ansari had prepared meals for only Muhammad and Abubakr , Muhammad directed that everyone in the neighborhood be invited to partake in the meal . To everyone 's surprised delight , all of the approximately 180 people who came were able to eat to their satisfaction . This was deemed to be a miracle . [ citation needed ] Waqif of Al-Masjid an-Nabawi : The land of Al-Masjid an-Nabawi belonged to two young orphans , Sahal and Suhayl , and when they came to know that Muhammad wished to acquire their land for the purposes of erecting a mosque , they went to the Prophet and offered the land to him as gift ; the Prophet insisted on fixing and paying a price for the land precisely because they were orphaned children .
The Fatih Mosque ( Turkish : Fatih Camii , Conqueror 's Mosque in English ) is an Ottoman mosque in the Fatih district of Istanbul , Turkey . The original mosque on the site was constructed between 1463 and 1470 on the site of the Church of the Holy Apostles . It was seriously damaged in the 1766 earthquake and was rebuilt in 1771 to a different design . It is one of the largest examples of Turkish-Islamic architecture in Istanbul and represents an important stage in the development of classic Turkish architecture . It is named after Ottoman sultan Mehmed the Conqueror , known in Turkish as Fatih Sultan Mehmed , the Ottoman sultan who conquered Constantinople in 1453 . Sahn-ı Seman Medrese , a main center for the study of various traditional Islamic sciences such as theology , law , medicine , astronomy , physics and mathematics , was part of the Fatih Mosque and was founded by the Persian astronomer Ali Qushji who was invited by Mehmed to his court in Istanbul .
Hagia Sophia ( /ˈhɑːɡiə soʊˈfiːə/ ; from the Greek ` Αγία Σοφία , pronounced [ haˈʝia soˈfia ] , Holy Wisdom ; Latin : Sancta Sophia or Sancta Sapientia ; Turkish : Ayasofya ) is the former Greek Orthodox Christian patriarchal cathedral , later an Ottoman imperial mosque and now a museum ( Ayasofya Müzesi ) in Istanbul , Turkey . Built in AD 537 in the Middle Ages , it was famous in particular for its massive dome . It was the world 's largest building and an engineering marvel of its time . It is considered the epitome of Byzantine architecture and is said to have changed the history of architecture . The Hagia Sophia construction consists of mostly masonry . The structure is composed of brick and mortar joints that are 1.5 times the width of the bricks . The mortar joints are composed of a combination of sand and minute ceramic pieces displaced very evenly throughout the mortar joints . This combination of sand and ceramic pieces could be considered to be the equivalent of modern concrete at the time . From the date of its construction 's completion in 537 until 1453 , it served as an Eastern Orthodox cathedral and the seat of the ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople , except between 1204 and 1261 , when it was converted by the Fourth Crusaders to a Roman Catholic cathedral under the Latin Empire . The building was later converted into an Ottoman mosque from 29 May 1453 until 1931 . It was then secularized and opened as a museum on 1 February 1935 . It remained the world 's largest cathedral for nearly a thousand years , until Seville Cathedral was completed in 1520 .
The Fall of Constantinople ( Byzantine Greek : Ἅλωσις τῆς Κωνσταντινουπόλεως , romanized : Halōsis tēs Kōnstantinoupoleōs ; Turkish : İstanbul'un Fethi , lit . 'Conquest of Istanbul ' ) was the capture of the capital city of the Byzantine Empire by an invading Ottoman army on 29 May 1453 . The attackers were commanded by the 21-year-old Sultan Mehmed II , who defeated an army commanded by Emperor Constantine XI Palaiologos and took control of the imperial capital , ending a 53-day siege that had begun on 6 April 1453 . After conquering the city , Sultan Mehmed transferred the capital of the Ottoman State from Adrianople to Constantinople and established his court there . The capture of the city ( and two other Byzantine splinter territories soon thereafter ) marked the end of the Roman Empire , a state which dated to 27 BC , which had lasted for nearly 1,500 years . The conquest of Constantinople also dealt a massive blow to the defence of mainland Europe , as the Muslim Ottoman armies thereafter were left unchecked to advance into Europe without an adversary to their rear . It was also a watershed moment in military history . Since ancient times , cities had used ramparts and city walls to protect themselves from invaders , and Constantinople 's substantial fortifications had been a model followed by cities throughout the Mediterranean region and Europe . The Ottomans ultimately prevailed due to the use of gunpowder ( which powered formidable cannons ) . The conquest of the city of Constantinople and the end of the Byzantine Empire was a key event in the Late Middle Ages which also marks , for some historians , the end of the Medieval period .
Mehmed II ( Ottoman Turkish : محمد ثانى , romanized : Meḥmed-i sānī ; Modern Turkish : II . Mehmet Turkish pronunciation : [ ˈikindʒi mehmet ] ; 30 March 1432 - 3 May 1481 ) , commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror ( Turkish : Fatih Sultan Mehmet ) , was an Ottoman Sultan who ruled from August 1444 to September 1446 , and then later from February 1451 to May 1481 . In Mehmed II 's first reign , he defeated the crusade led by John Hunyadi after the Hungarian incursions into his country broke the conditions of the truce Peace of Szeged . When Mehmed II ascended the throne again in 1451 he strengthened the Ottoman navy and made preparations to attack Constantinople . At the age of 21 , he conquered Constantinople ( modern-day Istanbul ) and brought an end to the Byzantine Empire . After the conquest Mehmed claimed the title Caesar of the Roman Empire ( Qayser-i Rûm ) , based on the assertion that Constantinople had been the seat and capital of the Roman Empire . The claim was only recognized by the Eastern Orthodox Church . Mehmed continued his conquests in Anatolia with its reunification and in Southeast Europe as far west as Bosnia . At home he made many political and social reforms , encouraged the arts and sciences , and by the end of his reign , his rebuilding program had changed the city into a thriving imperial capital . He is considered a hero in modern-day Turkey and parts of the wider Muslim world . Among other things , Istanbul 's Fatih district , Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge and Fatih Mosque are named after him .
The Laleli Mosque ( Turkish : Laleli Camii , or Tulip Mosque ) is an 18th-century Ottoman imperial mosque located in Laleli , Fatih , Istanbul , Turkey .
Sultan ( /ˈsʌltən/ ; Arabic : سلطان sulṭān , pronounced [ sʊlˈtˤɑːn , solˈtˤɑːn ] ) is a position with several historical meanings . Originally , it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning strength , authority , rulership , derived from the verbal noun سلطة sulṭah , meaning authority or power ( cognate with the Hebrew word Shilton שלטון which retained that meaning to the present ) . Later , it came to be used as the title of certain rulers who claimed almost full sovereignty in practical terms ( i.e. , the lack of dependence on any higher ruler ) , albeit without claiming the overall caliphate , or to refer to a powerful governor of a province within the caliphate . The adjective form of the word is sultanic , and the dynasty and lands ruled by a sultan are referred to as a sultanate ( سلطنة salṭanah ) . The term is distinct from king ( ملك malik ) , despite both referring to a sovereign ruler . The use of sultan is restricted to Muslim countries , where the title carries religious significance , contrasting the more secular king , which is used in both Muslim and non-Muslim countries . In recent years , sultan has been gradually replaced by king by contemporary hereditary rulers who wish to emphasize their secular authority under the rule of law . A notable example is Morocco , whose monarch changed his title from sultan to king in 1957 .
Mustafa III ( /ˈmʊstəfə/ ; Ottoman Turkish : مصطفى ثالث Muṣṭafā-yi sālis ; 28 January 1717 - 21 January 1774 ) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1757 to 1774 . He was a son of Sultan Ahmed III ( 1703-30 ) , and his consort Mihrişah Kadın . He was succeeded by his brother Abdul Hamid I ( 1774-89 ) .
The Mihrimah Sultan Mosque is a 16th-century Ottoman mosque located in the Edirnekapı neighborhood near the Byzantine land walls of Istanbul , Turkey . It was commissioned by Mihrimah Sultan , the daughter of Suleiman the Magnificent and designed by the chief imperial architect Mimar Sinan . Sited on the peak of the Sixth Hill near the highest point of the city , the mosque is a prominent landmark in Istanbul .
The New Mosque ( Turkish : Yeni Camii , Turkish pronunciation : [ jeni dʒami ] , originally named the Valide Sultan Mosque ( Turkish : Valide Sultan Camii ) and later New Valide Sultan Mosque ( Turkish : Yeni Valide Sultan Camii ) after its partial reconstruction and completion between 1660 and 1665 , is an Ottoman imperial mosque located in the Eminönü quarter of Istanbul , Turkey . It is situated on the Golden Horn , at the southern end of the Galata Bridge .
The Nuruosmaniye Mosque ( Turkish : Nuruosmaniye Camii ) is an 18th-century Ottoman mosque located in the Çemberlitaş neighbourhood of Fatih district in Istanbul , Turkey . In 2016 it was inscribed in the Tentative list of World Heritage Sites in Turkey . The dome of the mosque is extremely distinct , and the fourth largest in the city of Istanbul , behind the Hagia Sophia , Suleymaniye Mosque , and Faith Mosque , respectively . The Nuruosmaniye mosque is part of a much larger religious complex , or Külliye , acting as a beacon of culture , religion , education , and support for the neighborhood . It was also the first royal religious mosque of Istanbul that integrated both baroque and neoclassical elements in its construction . Nuruosmaniye Mosque is the mosque that features the details of Ottoman Baroque style . The muqarnas is the main feature of the Baroque . The circular courtyard of the mosque is another baroque features . The mosque is located on a second hill that once contained the mosque of Fatma Huton , the mosque was burned due to a fire . Around the Nurosmaniye Mosque is a covered Grand Bazar . The Nuruosmaniye Mosque is the first Sultan Mosque in 100 years after the Sultan Ahmed Mosque .
Mahmud I ( Ottoman Turkish : محمود اول , Turkish : I. Mahmud , 2 August 1696 - 13 December 1754 ) , known as The hunchback , was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1730 to 1754 . He took over the throne after the Patrona Halil rebellion and he kept good relations with Mughal and Safavid Empire .
Osman III ( Ottoman Turkish : عثمان ثالث Osmān-i sālis ; 2 January 1699 - 30 October 1757 ) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1754 to 1757 .