Jacobite peerage
Dukes
Table:
Title
Date of creation
Surname
Current status
Peerage
Notes
Current holder (if any)

Duke of Powis
12 January 1689
Herbert
extinct 8 March 1748
England
for William Herbert, 1st Marquess of Powis

Duke of Albemarle
13 January 1696
FitzJames
extinct 27 December 1702
England
for Henry FitzJames, an illegitimate son of King James II and VII. He also bore the title of Grand Prior of England.

Duke of Northumberland
22 December 1716
Wharton
extinct 31 May 1731
England
for Philip Wharton, 6th Baron Wharton (2nd Marquess of Wharton)

Duke of Albemarle
3 November 1721
Granville
extinct 2 July 1776
England
for George Granville (1st Baron Lansdowne)

Duke of Arran
2 January 1722
Butler
extinct 17 December 1758
England
for Charles Butler (1st Earl of Arran), also 3rd Duke of Ormonde from 16 November 1745

Duke of Strafford
5 January 1722
Wentworth
extinct 10 March 1791
England
for Thomas Wentworth. 3rd Baron Raby (1st Earl of Strafford)

Duke of York
shortly after 6 March 1725
Stuart
merged in the crown 31 January 1788
England
for Henry, younger son of James Francis Edward Stuart

Duke of Melfort
17 April 1692
Drummond
extinct or dormant since 28 February 1902[4]
Scotland
for John Drummond, 1st Earl of Melfort, holder also Duke of Perth from 2 July 1800 until extinction

Duke of Perth
before 17 October 1701
Drummond
extant
Scotland
for James Drummond, 4th Earl of Perth, also Duke of Melfort from 2 July 1800 to 28 February 1902
John Eric Drummond, 15th Duke of Perth (b. 1935)

Duke of Mar
22 October 1715
Erskine
extant
Scotland
for John Erskine, Earl of Mar
Margaret of Mar, 11th Duchess of Mar (b. 1940)

Duke of Rannoch
1 February 1717
Murray
extant
Scotland
for William, Earl of Tullibardine (Marquess of Tullibardine, and after 9 July 1724 2nd Duke of Atholl, by which title he was known among Jacobites, and even by James Francis Edward Stuart)
Bruce George Ronald Murray, 12th Duke of Rannoch (b. 1960)

Duke of St Andrews and Castelblanco
4 February 1717
de Rozas
dormant
Scotland
for José de Rozas, Conde de Castelblanco, son-in-law of the 1st Duke of Melfort

Duke of Inverness
4 April 1727
Hay
extinct 1740
Scotland
for John Hay of Cromlix, 1st Earl of Inverness

Duke of Fraser
14 March 1740
Fraser
extinct 8 December 1815
Scotland
for Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat

Duchess of Albany
24 March 1783 or before
Stuart
extinct 14 November 1789
Scotland
for Charlotte Stuart, illegitimate daughter of Charles Edward Stuart by Clementina Walkinshaw

Duke of Tyrconnell
30 March 1689
Talbot
extinct 14 August 1691
Ireland
for Richard Talbot, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell

Duke of Mar
13 December 1722
Erskine
extinct 16 March 1766
Ireland
also Duke of Mar in Scotland

Drawing on the tabular data plus the supporting evidence provided.

Respond to the question below: Which title once belonged to a Jacobite politician who was raised to a Dukedom whilst still a minor and not closely related to the monarch ? Output only the correct answer as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Avoid adding external knowledge.

Marquess of Powis was a title in the Peerage of England . It was created in 1687 for William Herbert , 1st Earl of Powis . He had already succeeded his father as third Baron Powis in 1667 and had been created Earl of Powis in the Peerage of England in 1674 ; Marquess of Powis and Viscount Montgomery in 1687 . When James II went into exile in France , the Marquess followed him . He served as Comptroller of the Royal Household and his wife Elizabeth as Governess of the Royal children . He was rewarded in 1698 by the titles Duke of Powis and Marquess of Montgomery , but these titles in the Jacobite Peerage ( though used ) were not recognised in England . The title of Baron Powis was created in the Peerage of England in 1629 for William Herbert . He was the son of Sir Edward Herbert , second son of William Herbert , 1st Earl of Pembroke and Anne Parr . This Herbert family were thus members of a junior branch of the prominent Welsh family headed by the Earl of Pembroke . The peerages became extinct on the death of the first Marquess 's grandson , the third Marquess , in 1748 . Barbara , daughter of Lord Edward Herbert , younger son of the second Marquess of Powis and brother of the third Marquess , married Henry Arthur Herbert , who was created Earl of Powis in 1748 . They inherited his estates .
William Herbert , 1st Marquess of Powis , PC ( 1626 - 2 June 1696 ) was an English nobleman , best remembered for his suffering during the Popish Plot . He was the only son of Percy , 2nd Baron Powis and Elizabeth Craven , daughter of Sir William Craven . He succeeded his father , the 2nd Baron Powis , as 3rd Baron Powis in 1667 , and was created Earl of Powis in 1674 by King Charles II and Viscount Montgomery , of the Town of Montgomery , and Marquess of Powis in 1687 by King James II , having been appointed to the Privy Council in 1686 . He married in July 1654 , Lady Elizabeth Somerset ( c. 1633-1691 ) , daughter of Edward Somerset , 2nd Marquess of Worcester ( died 1667 ) , by whom he had six children , a son and heir and six daughters , one of whom , Winifred , married William Maxwell , 5th Earl of Nithsdale , who was condemned to death for high treason for participating in the Jacobite rising of 1715 . Lady Nithsdale famously organised her husband 's escape from the Tower of London . A cousin of the 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury , Powis was , together with his wife , one of the leaders of the Roman Catholic party . He was one of the Five Catholic Lords falsely accused by Titus Oates in the Popish Plot of conspiring to kill the King and as a result spent six years in the Tower of London awaiting trial ; his wife 's desperate efforts to free him led her to fabricate the Meal-tub Plot for which she narrowly escaped being convicted for treason herself . Powis was finally freed in 1684 . He remained faithful to the deposed King James after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 . It was he who spirited away Queen Mary and the infant James , Prince of Wales , and took them into their French exile . As a reward , he was created Duke of Powis and Marquess of Montgomery in the Jacobite Peerage by King James . In 1690 , Powis landed in Ireland with James , where he acted as one of his principal advisers .
The Dukedom of Albemarle ( /ˈælbəˌmɑːrl/ ) has been created twice in the Peerage of England , each time ending in extinction . Additionally , the title was created a third time by James II in exile and a fourth time by his son the Old Pretender , in the Jacobite Peerage . The name Albemarle is derived from the Latinised form of the French county of Aumale in Normandy ( Latin : Alba Marla meaning White Marl , marl being a type of fertile soil ) , other forms being Aubemarle and Aumerle . It arose in connection with the ancient Norman Counts of Aumale of Aumale in Normandy . See also Earl of Albemarle .
Henry FitzJames ( 6 August 1673 - 16 December 1702 ) , titular 1st Duke of Albemarle in the Jacobite peerage , was the illegitimate son of King James II of England and VII of Scotland by Arabella Churchill , sister of the first Duke of Marlborough .
James II and VII ( 14 October 1633O.S . - 16 September 1701 ) was King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII , from 6 February 1685 until he was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688 . He was the last Roman Catholic monarch of England , Scotland and Ireland ; his reign is now remembered primarily for struggles over religious tolerance . However , it also involved the principles of absolutism and divine right of kings and his deposition ended a century of political and civil strife by confirming the primacy of Parliament over the Crown . James inherited the thrones of England , Ireland and Scotland from his elder brother Charles II with widespread support in all three countries , largely based on the principle of divine right or birth . Tolerance for his personal Catholicism did not apply to it in general and when the English and Scottish Parliaments refused to pass his measures , James attempted to impose them by decree ; it was a political principle , rather than a religious one , that ultimately led to his removal . In June 1688 , two events turned dissent into a crisis ; the first on 10 June was the birth of James 's son and heir James Francis Edward , threatening to create a Roman Catholic dynasty and excluding his Anglican daughter Mary and her Protestant husband William of Orange . The second was the prosecution of the Seven Bishops for seditious libel ; this was viewed as an assault on the Church of England and their acquittal on 30 June destroyed his political authority in England . Anti-Catholic riots in England and Scotland now made it seem only his removal as monarch could prevent a civil war . Leading members of the English political class invited William of Orange to assume the English throne ; after he landed in Brixham on 5 November 1688 , James 's army deserted , and he went into exile in France on 23 December . In February 1689 , a special Convention Parliament held that the king had vacated the English throne and installed William and Mary as joint monarchs , establishing the principle that sovereignty derived from Parliament , not birth . James landed in Ireland on 14 March 1689 in an attempt to recover his kingdoms , but despite a simultaneous rising in Scotland , in April a Scottish Convention followed that of England by finding that James had forfeited the throne and offered it to William and Mary .
Prior , derived from the Latin for earlier , first , ( or prioress for nuns ) is an ecclesiastical title for a superior , usually lower in rank than an abbot or abbess . Its earlier generic usage referred to any monastic superior .
Duke of Northumberland is a noble title that has been created three times in English and British history , twice in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of Great Britain . The current holder of this title is Ralph Percy , 12th Duke of Northumberland .
Philip Wharton , 1st Duke of Wharton ( 21 December 1698 - 31 May 1731 ) was a powerful Jacobite politician , was one of the few people in English history , and the first since the 15th century , to have been raised to a Dukedom whilst still a minor and not closely related to the monarch .
George Granville , 1st Baron Lansdowne PC ( 9 March 1666 - 29 January 1735 ) , of Stowe , Cornwall , was an English Tory politician who sat in the English and British House of Commons from 1702 until 1712 , when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Lansdown and sat in the House of Lords . He was Secretary at War during the Harley administration from 1710 to 1712 . He was also a noted poet and made a name for himself with verses composed on the visit of Mary of Modena , then Duchess of York , while he was at Cambridge in 1677 . He was also playwright , following in the style of John Dryden .
Lieutenant-General Charles Butler , 1st Earl of Arran ( of the second creation ) , de jure 3rd Duke of Ormonde ( 4 September 1671 - 17 December 1758 ) was an Irish peer . His uncle Richard was the 1st Earl of Arran of the first creation . The titles were re-created for Charles in 1693 . He was the younger son of Thomas Butler 6th Earl of Ossory and Emilia von Nassau . His paternal grandfather was the 1st Duke of Ormonde and his elder brother was the 2nd Duke of Ormonde .
Lieutenant-General Charles Butler , 1st Earl of Arran ( of the second creation ) , de jure 3rd Duke of Ormonde ( 4 September 1671 - 17 December 1758 ) was an Irish peer . His uncle Richard was the 1st Earl of Arran of the first creation . The titles were re-created for Charles in 1693 . He was the younger son of Thomas Butler 6th Earl of Ossory and Emilia von Nassau . His paternal grandfather was the 1st Duke of Ormonde and his elder brother was the 2nd Duke of Ormonde .
The peerage title Earl of Ormond and the related titles Duke of Ormonde and Marquess of Ormonde have a long and complex history . An earldom of Ormond has been created three times in the Peerage of Ireland .
Earl of Strafford is a title that has been created three times in English and British history . The first creation was in the Peerage of England in 1640 for Thomas Wentworth , the close advisor of King Charles I . He had already succeeded his father as second Baronet of Wentworth Woodhouse in 1614 . The Wentworth Baronetcy , of Wentworth Woodhouse in the County of York , had been created in the Baronetage of England on 20 June 1611 for Thomas 's father , William Wentworth . Thomas was created Baron Wentworth , of Wentworth-Woodhouse , Baron of Newmarch and Oversley , in 1628 , and Viscount Wentworth in 1629 . He was made Baron Raby in 1640 , at the same time he was given the earldom . In 1641 , he was attainted . His son , William , successfully had the attainder reversed in 1662 , becoming the second earl , but died without heirs in 1695 when the barony of Wentworth , viscountcy and earldom became extinct . He was succeeded in the barony of Raby according to a special remainder by his first cousin once removed , Thomas Wentworth , who became the third Baron . He was the grandson of Sir William Wentworth , younger brother of the first Earl of the 1640 creation . While gaining the barony , he did not receive the Woodhouse estate , which was inherited by Thomas Watson , thereafter a source of rivalry between the two men . In 1711 , the earldom was recreated when the 3rd Baron Raby was created Viscount Wentworth and Earl of Strafford in the Peerage of Great Britain .
Lieutenant-General Thomas Wentworth , 1st Earl of Strafford ( of the 2nd creation ) , KG ( baptised 17 September 1672 - 15 November 1739 ) , known as Thomas Wentworth , 3rd Baron Raby from 1695 to 1711 , was an English peer , diplomat and statesman who served as First Lord of the Admiralty .
Duke of York is a title of nobility in the Peerage of the United Kingdom . Since the 15th century , it has , when granted , usually been given to the second son of English ( later British ) monarchs . The equivalent title in the Scottish peerage was Duke of Albany . However , King George I and Queen Victoria granted the second sons of their eldest sons the titles Duke of York and Albany and Duke of York respectively . Initially granted in the 14th century in the Peerage of England , the title Duke of York has been created eight times . The title Duke of York and Albany has been created three times . These occurred during the 18th century , following the 1707 unification of the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Scotland into a single , united realm . The double naming was done so that a territorial designation from each of the previously separate realms could be included . The current Duke of York is Prince Andrew , the second son of Queen Elizabeth II . The present Duke 's marriage produced two daughters only , and he has remained unmarried since his 1996 divorce . It therefore seems likely that the eighth creation of the title will be only the second ( after Richard of Shrewsbury ) not to become merged into the Crown upon the holder 's accession to the role of monarch .
Henry Benedict Thomas Edward Maria Clement Francis Xavier Stuart , Cardinal Duke of York ( 6 March 1725 - 13 July 1807 ) was a Roman Catholic cardinal , as well as the fourth and final Jacobite heir to claim the thrones of England , Scotland , France , and Ireland publicly . Unlike his father , James Francis Edward Stuart , and brother , Charles Edward Stuart , Henry made no effort to seize the throne . After Charles 's death in January 1788 the Papacy did not recognise Henry as the lawful ruler of England , Scotland , and Ireland , but referred to him as the Cardinal Duke of York . He spent his life in the Papal States and had a long career in the clergy of the Roman Catholic Church , rising to become the Dean of the College of Cardinals and Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia and Velletri . At the time of his death he was ( and still is ) one of the longest-serving cardinals in the Church 's history . In his youth , Henry 's father made him Duke of York ( in the Jacobite Peerage ) , and it was by this title that he was best known . Upon the death of his brother in 1788 , Henry became known by Jacobites , and within his personal entourage , as Henry IX of England and Ireland , and Henry I of Scotland , although publicly he referred to himself as Cardinal-Duke of York nuncupatus .
James Francis Edward Stuart ( 10 June 1688 - 1 January 1766 ) , nicknamed The Old Pretender by Whigs , was the son of King James II and VII of England , Scotland and Ireland , and his second wife , Mary of Modena . He was Prince of Wales from July 1688 until , just months after his birth , his Catholic father was deposed and exiled in the Glorious Revolution of 1688 . James II 's Protestant elder daughter , Mary II , and her husband , William III , became co-monarchs and the Bill of Rights 1689 and Act of Settlement 1701 excluded Catholics from the English then , subsequently , British throne . James Francis Edward was raised in Continental Europe . After his father 's death in 1701 , he claimed the English , Scottish and Irish crown as James III of England and Ireland and James VIII of Scotland , with the support of his Jacobite followers and his cousin Louis XIV of France . Fourteen years later , he unsuccessfully attempted to gain the throne in Britain during the Jacobite rising of 1715 . Following his death in 1766 , his elder son , Charles Edward Stuart , continued to claim the British crown as part of the Jacobite Succession .
The titles of Viscount of Melfort and Lord Drummond of Gillestoun were created in the Peerage of Scotland on 14 April 1685 for John Drummond , second son of James Drummond , 3rd Earl of Perth , with remainder to the heirs male of his body by his second marriage , to Euphemia Wallace , failing whom to the heirs male of his body whatsoever . He was further created , on 12 August 1686 , Earl of Melfort , Viscount of Forth and Lord Drummond of Riccartoun , Castlemains and Gilstoun , also in the peerage of Scotland , and with a similar remainder . A supporter of King James II and VII , Melfort escaped to France on 16 December 1688 , following the Glorious Revolution which installed William of Orange and Mary II on the English and Scottish thrones . Drummond was further created Baron Cleworth in the Jacobite Peerage of England by the exiled monarch , on 7 August 1689 , and Duke of Melfort , Marquess of Forth , Earl of Isla and Burntisland , Viscount of Rickerton and Lord Castlemains and Galston in the Jacobite Peerage of Scotland 17 April 1692 , all with a similar remainder to the 1685 viscountcy . The 1st Earl and titular 1st Duke of Melfort was outlawed by the de facto régime in England on 23 July 1694 and was attainted by Act of Parliament on 2 July 1695 , when his honours became forfeit . In 1701 , after the death of James II and VII , the Duke of Melfort was granted the honours and precedence of a French peer by Louis XIV . He and his descendants used the title Duc de Melfort in France , but this was a French translation of their Jacobite dukedom and not a French dukedom . The dukedom was never recognised by the governments of England and later of Great Britain . On 2 July 1800 the titular 4th Duke of Melfort succeeded as heir male to the attainted Earldom of Perth and as titular 9th Duke of Perth , Marquess of Drummond , Earl of Stobhall , Viscount of Cargill and Lord Concraig , on the death of his second cousin once removed , James Drummond , Lord Perth and Baron Drummond of Stobhall , a descendant of the 1st Earl and Duke of Melfort from his first marriage , to Sophie Maitland . In 1841 the titular 6th Duke of Melfort established his right before the French Council of State and the Tribunal de la Seine to the French titles of Duc de Melfort , Comte de Lussan and Baron de Valrose ( his great-grandfather the 2nd Duke of Melfort had been married in 1707 to Marie Gabrielle d'Audebert , widow of the Duke of Albemarle and only daughter of Jean d'Audebert , Comte de Lussan ) . The titular 6th Duke of Melfort proved to the incumbent British authorities his descent from the 1st Earl of Melfort in 1848 , and by a reversal of his ancestors ' attainder on 28 June 1853 became 5th Earl of Perth and Lord Drummond of Stobhall , Earl of Melfort , Viscount of Forth and Lord Drummond of Riccartoun , Castlemains and Gilstoun , Viscount of Melfort and Lord Drummond of Gillestoun and Lord Drummond of Cargill . He died on 28 February 1902 , when the Melfort titles became dormant or extinct and the Perth titles passed to the Viscount of Strathallan .
John Drummond , 1st Earl of Melfort , styled Duke of Melfort in the Jacobite peerage ( 8 August 1650 - 25 January 1715 ) , was a Scottish politician and close advisor to James II . A Catholic convert , Melfort and his brother the Earl of Perth consistently urged James not to compromise with his opponents , contributing to his increasing isolation and ultimate deposition in the 1688 Glorious Revolution . In exile , Melfort became the first Jacobite Secretary of State but his unpopularity with other Jacobites led to his resignation in 1694 . He served as James ' Papal Ambassador in Rome but failed to regain his former influence and retired from active politics . He died in Paris on 25 January 1715 .
Earl of Perth is a title in the Peerage of Scotland . It was created in 1605 for James Drummond , 4th Lord Drummond . The Drummond family claim descent from Maurice , son of George , a younger son of King Andrew I of Hungary . Maurice arrived in Scotland on the ship which brought Edgar Ætheling , the Saxon claimant to the crown of England after the Norman Conquest , and his sister Margaret to Scotland in 1068 . Maurice was given lands in Lennox ( Dunbartonshire ) , together with the hereditary stewardship of the county . The Hungarian Prince theory has been discounted as no evidence of any relationships exists in written records . The Red Book of the Menteiths clearly discounts the Hungarian Prince as a myth likely formed to give status to the Drummond origins . The Drummonds in the 12th Century were allied to the Menteiths their early fortunes became through the relationship . Indeed , one Johannes De Drumon , said to have died in 1301 , was buried in Inchmahome Priory which was founded by the Menteiths . His successor John Drummond , the 7th Steward , was deprived of the lands and retired into Perthshire . John Drummond , Justiciar of Scotia , was created a Lord of Parliament as Lord Drummond of Cargill in 1487/8 by King James III of Scotland . His direct descendant , James , 4th Lord Drummond , Ambassador to Spain , was created Earl of Perth and Lord Drummond of Stobhall in 1605 .
James Drummond , 1st Duke of Perth KT PC ( 1648 - 11 May 1716 ) , also 4th Earl of Perth and 7th Lord Drummond , was a Scottish statesman , and Jacobite .
The Jacobite title of Duke of Mar was conferred on John Erskine , 6th/23rd Earl of Mar , by the Jacobite pretender James III and VIII . He was created Duke of Mar , Marquess Erskine or Marquess of Stirling , Earl of Kildrummie , Viscount of Garioch and Lord Alloa , Ferriton and Forrest in the notional Peerage of Scotland in 1715 , with the same remainder as his Earldom , i.e . to heirs-general . The Duke 's attainder by the government of the Hanoverian George I the following year was , of course , not recognised in Jacobite circles . He was further created Earl of Mar in the Peerage of England in 1717 and Duke of Mar in the Peerage of Ireland in 1722 . These titles had the ordinary remainder to heirs male of the body , and became extinct on the death of the grantee 's son in 1766 . The other titles , such as they are , remain extant , although they are not recognised by the British or any other government and have not been claimed or used by their holders since the eighteenth century .
John Erskine , Earl of Mar , KT ( 1675 - May 1732 ) was a Scottish Jacobite who was the eldest son of Charles , Earl of Mar ( who died in 1689 ) , from whom he inherited estates that were heavily loaded with debt . He was the 23rd Earl of Mar in the first creation of the earldom . He was also the sixth earl in the seventh creation ( of 1565 ) . He was nicknamed Bobbing John , for his tendency to shift back and forth from faction to faction , whether from Tory to Whig or Hanoverian to Jacobite . Deprived of office by the new king in 1714 , Mar raised the standard of rebellion against the Hanoverians ; at the battle of Sheriffmuir in November 1715 , Mar 's forces outnumbered those of his opponent , but victory eluded him . At Fetteresso his cause was lost , and Mar fled to France , where he would spend the remainder of his life . The parliament passed a Writ of Attainder for treason against Mar in 1716 as punishment for his disloyalty , which was not lifted until 1824 . He died in 1732 .
Duke of Atholl , alternatively Duke of Athole , named after Atholl in Scotland , is a title in the Peerage of Scotland held by the head of Clan Murray . It was created by Queen Anne in 1703 for John Murray , 2nd Marquess of Atholl , with a special remainder to the heir male of his father , the 1st Marquess . As of 2017 [ update ] , there were twelve subsidiary titles attached to the dukedom : Lord Murray of Tullibardine ( 1604 ) , Lord Murray , Gask and Balquhidder ( 1628 ) , Lord Murray , Balvany and Gask ( 1676 ) , Lord Murray , Balvenie and Gask , in the County of Perth ( 1703 ) , Viscount of Balquhidder ( 1676 ) , Viscount of Balquhidder , Glenalmond and Glenlyon , in the County of Perth ( 1703 ) , Earl of Atholl ( 1629 ) , Earl of Tullibardine ( 1628 ) , Earl of Tullibardine ( 1676 ) , Earl of Strathtay and Strathardle , in the County of Perth ( 1703 ) , Marquess of Atholl ( 1676 ) and Marquess of Tullibardine , in the County of Perth ( 1703 ) . These titles are also in the Peerage of Scotland . The dukes have also previously held the following titles : Baron Strange ( Peerage of England 1628 ) between 1736 and 1764 and 1805 and 1957 ; Baron Murray , of Stanley in the County of Gloucester , and Earl Strange ( Peerage of Great Britain 1786 ) between 1786 and 1957 , Baron Glenlyon , of Glenlyon in the County of Perth ( Peerage of the United Kingdom 1821 ) between 1846 and 1957 and Baron Percy ( Peerage of Great Britain 1722 ) between 1865 and 1957 . From 1786 to 1957 the Dukes of Atholl sat in the House of Lords as Earl Strange . The Duke 's eldest son and heir apparent uses the courtesy title Marquess of Tullibardine . The heir apparent to Lord Tullibardine uses the courtesy title Earl of Strathtay and Strathardle ( usually shortened to Earl of Strathtay ) . Lord Strathtay 's heir apparent uses the courtesy title Viscount Balquhidder . The Duke of Atholl is the hereditary chief of Clan Murray .
William Murray , Marquess of Tullibardine ( 14 April 1689 - 9 July 1746 ) was a Scottish nobleman and Jacobite who took part in the rebellions of 1715 , 1719 , and 1745 . Attainted for his role in 1715 , his younger brother succeeded as Duke of Atholl in 1724 , although Tullibardine was made Duke of Rannoch in the Jacobite peerage . He spent most of his life post 1715 in exile , returning to Scotland only to take part in the rebellions of 1719 and 1745 . In the latter he was one of the Seven Men of Moidart who accompanied Prince Charles to Scotland in July 1745 ; captured after Culloden in April 1746 , he died in the Tower of London on 9 July unmarried and without children .
The Dukedom of Inverness was a title in the Jacobite Peerage of Great Britain , and as such was not recognised by the government or monarch or Great Britain . Its only holder was John Hay of Cromlix . Lady Cecilia Underwood was the second wife of Prince Augustus Frederick , Duke of Sussex , the sixth son of King George III ; however , their marriage was deemed illegal because of the Royal Marriages Act 1772 , so Cecilia was never recognized as Duchess of Sussex or a British princess . Instead , Queen Victoria later created Cecilia Duchess of Inverness with remainder to the heirs male of her body lawfully begotten .
Clan Hay is a Scottish clan that has played an important part in the history and politics of Scotland . Members of the clan are to be found in most parts of Scotland and in many other parts of the world . However , the North East of Scotland , i.e . Aberdeenshire ( historic ) , Banffshire , Morayshire and Nairnshire Nairn ( boundaries ) , is the heart of Hay country with other significant concentrations of Hays being found in Perthshire , especially around Perth , in the Scottish Borders , and in Shetland .
John Hay of Cromlix ( 1691-1740 ) was the Jacobite Duke of Inverness and a courtier and army officer to the King James VIII & III ( known as the Old Pretender ) . He was from the Clan Hay .
Lord Lovat ( Scottish Gaelic : Mac Shimidh ) is a title in the Peerage of Scotland . It was created in 1458 for Hugh Fraser . The holder is also the Chief of Clan Fraser of Lovat . The first Lord Lovat was one of the hostages for James I on his return to Scotland in 1424 , and in 1431 he was appointed high sheriff of the county of Inverness . The second Lord Lovat , Thomas , held the office of justiciary of the north in the reign of James IV , and died 21 October 1524 . The title descended in a direct line for nine sequential generations from 1458 until the death of the ninth Lord in 1696 . He was succeeded by his great-uncle , the tenth Lord . In 1697 the latter 's son , Simon Fraser , known as Simon the Fox , kidnapped and forcibly married the late ninth Lord 's widow , the former Lady Amelia Murray , only daughter of John Murray , 1st Marquess of Atholl . However , Lady Lovat 's powerful family , the Murrays , were angered , and prosecuted Fraser , who fled the country . Fraser was convicted in absentia , attainted , and sentenced to death . In 1715 , however , Fraser supported the Government against the Jacobite uprising and was rewarded by being pardoned for his crimes . In 1730 , he won litigation seeking to confirm his title of Lord Lovat .
Simon Fraser , 11th Lord Lovat ( c. 1667 - 9 April 1747 , London ) , nicknamed 'the Fox ' , was a Scottish Jacobite and Chief of Clan Fraser of Lovat , known for his feuding and changes of allegiance . In 1715 , he had been a supporter of the House of Hanover , but in 1745 he changed sides and supported the Stuart claim on the crown of the United Kingdom . Lovat was among the Highlanders defeated at the Battle of Culloden and convicted of treason against the Crown , following which he was sentenced to death and subsequently beheaded .
Charlotte Stuart , styled Duchess of Albany ( 29 October 1753 - 17 November 1789 ) was the illegitimate daughter of the Jacobite pretender Prince Charles Edward Stuart ( 'Bonnie Prince Charlie ' or the 'Young Pretender ' ) and his only child to survive infancy . Her mother was Clementina Walkinshaw , who was mistress to the Prince from 1752 until 1760 . After years of abuse , Clementina left him , taking Charlotte with her . Charlotte spent most of her life in French convents , estranged from a father who refused to make any provision for her . Unable to marry , she herself became a mistress with illegitimate children , taking Ferdinand de Rohan , Archbishop of Bordeaux , as her lover . She was finally reconciled with her father in 1784 , when he legitimised her and created her Duchess of Albany in the Jacobite Peerage . She left her own children with her mother , and became her father 's carer and companion in the last years of his life , before dying less than two years after him . Her three children were raised in anonymity ; however , as the only grandchildren of the pretender , they have been the subject of Jacobite interest since their lineage was uncovered in the 20th century .
Charles Edward Louis John Casimir Sylvester Severino Maria Stuart ( 31 December 1720 - 31 January 1788 ) was the elder son of James Francis Edward Stuart , grandson of James II and VII , and the Stuart claimant to the throne of Great Britain after 1766 as Charles III . During his lifetime , he was also known as the Young Pretender and the Young Chevalier ; in popular memory , he is Bonnie Prince Charlie . He is best remembered for his role in the 1745 rising ; his defeat at Culloden in April 1746 effectively ended the Stuart cause , and subsequent attempts failed to materialise , such as a planned French invasion in 1759 . His escape from Scotland after the uprising led to his portrayal as a romantic figure of heroic failure .
Clementina Maria Sophia Walkinshaw ( 1720 - November 27 , 1802 ) was the mistress of Bonnie Prince Charlie . Clementina was the youngest of the ten daughters of John Walkinshaw of Barrowhill ( 1671-1731 ) and his wife Katherine Paterson . The Walkinshaws owned the lands of Barrowfield and Camlachie , and her father had become a wealthy Glasgow merchant ( founding the textile village of Calton ) . However , he was also an Episcopalian and a Jacobite who had fought for the Prince 's father in the rising of 1715 , been captured at the Battle of Sheriffmuir , before escaping from Stirling Castle and fleeing to Europe . In 1717 , he had been pardoned by the British Government and returned to Glasgow , where his youngest daughter was born probably at Camlachie . However , Clementina was largely educated on the Continent , and later converted to Roman Catholicism . In 1746 , she was living at the home of her uncle Sir Hugh Paterson at Bannockburn , near Stirling . The Prince came to Sir Hugh 's home in early January 1746 where he first met Clementina , and he returned later that month to be nursed by her from what appears to have been a cold . Given that she was living under her uncle 's protection , it is not thought the two were lovers at this time .
The title Earl of Tyrconnell has been created four times in the Peerage of Ireland . It was first created in 1603 , for Rudhraighe Ó Domhnail ( Rory O'Donnell ) , formerly King of Tír Chonaill ( or Tyrconnell ) , along with the subsidiary title Baron Donegal . The 1st Earl was succeeded by his son Hugh , Lord Donegal , but both titles were attainted in 1614 . Following the self-exile of the Gaelic aristocracy in 1607 , and the ensuing Ulster Plantation , it was created a second time in 1661 for the 2nd Viscount FitzWilliam , but became extinct on his death in 1667 . It was created a third time in 1685 for Sir Richard Talbot , along with the subsidiary titles Viscount Baltinglass and Baron Talbotstown , but all these titles were forfeit in 1691 when Lord Tyrconnell joined King James II against the Glorious Revolution . King James also created him Duke of Tyrconnell and Marquess of Tyrconnell in 1689 , but these titles were recognised only by Jacobites ( see Jacobite peerage ) . The title was created a fourth and final time in 1761 for the 3rd Baron Carpenter , along with the subsidiary title Viscount Carlingford . These titles became extinct on the death of the 4th Earl in 1853 . The 1st Baron Carpenter was a distinguished soldier , who was a Member of Parliament for Whitchurch in 1715-1722 and Westminster from 1722 . The 2nd Baron Carpenter was Member of Parliament for Morpeth in 1717-27 and for Weobley in 1741-7
Richard Talbot , 1st Earl of Tyrconnell PC ( 1630-1691 ) was an Irish royalist and Jacobite soldier . He served as James II 's Lord Deputy of Ireland ( or viceroy ) during the Williamite War in Ireland . His administration saw a major purge of Protestant officers from the Irish Army , which had previously largely barred Catholics .