Doping at the Olympic Games
Summer Olympic Games -- 1976 Montreal
Table:
Name

Country

Sport

Anti-doping rule violation

Medals

Ref.

Blagoi Blagoev

Bulgaria

Weightlifting

Anabolic steroid

(82.5 kg)

[21]

Mark Cameron

United States

Weightlifting

Anabolic steroid

[21]

Paul Cerutti

Monaco

Shooting

Amphetamine

[21]

Dragomir Cioroslan

Romania

Weightlifting

Fencamfamine

[21]

Philippe Grippaldi

United States

Weightlifting

Anabolic steroid

[21]

Zbigniew Kaczmarek

Poland

Weightlifting

Anabolic steroid

(67.5 kg)

[21]

Valentin Khristov

Bulgaria

Weightlifting

Anabolic steroid

(110 kg)

[21]

Lorne Liebel

Canada

Sailing

Phenylpropanolamine

[21]

Arne Norrback

Sweden

Weightlifting

Anabolic steroid

[21]

Peter Pavlasek

Czechoslovakia

Weightlifting

Anabolic steroid

[21]

Danuta Rosani

Poland

Athletics

Anabolic steroid

[21][23]

Based on the tabular data and the supporting text listed.

Provide an answer to this question: What is the full name of the competitor from Poland ? Output only the correct answer as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Use only the information given.

Blagoy Blagoev ( Bulgarian : Благой Благоев , born December 4 , 1956 ) is a retired Bulgarian weightlifter . Between 1976 and 1984 he claimed seven gold and five silver medals at the Summer Olympics and world and European championships . Though he was later disqualified and stripped of the title and medal at the 1976 Olympics and his 1980 Olympic Games medal is controversial . He later coached the Australian Paralympic Powerlifting Team in the 1990s to early 2000s . Blagoev was disqualified and stripped of the title and medal at the 1976 Olympics along with his Bulgarian teammate Valentin Hristov for anabolic steroid use . Because the IOC had not yet established the lifetime ban of athletes who cheated using PEDs at the Olympics , the Bulgarian was allowed to participate at the 1980 Olympic Games . The controversial Games in Moscow Russia is still the only modern Olympic Games in history where no one in the entire Summer Games tested positive for the use of alcohol , stimulants , or PEDs .
Bulgaria competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal , Quebec , Canada . 158 competitors , 105 men and 53 women , took part in 108 events in 14 sports .
The weightlifting competition at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal consisted of nine weight classes , all for men only . The clean and press was dropped from the included lifts after the 1972 games in Munich , due to disagreement over proper form . The Games of 1976 were the first Olympics to start testing for anabolic steroids .
Anabolic steroids , also known more properly as anabolic-androgenic steroids ( AAS ) , are steroidal androgens that include natural androgens like testosterone as well as synthetic androgens that are structurally related and have similar effects to testosterone . They are anabolic and increase protein within cells , especially in skeletal muscles , and also have varying degrees of androgenic and virilizing effects , including induction of the development and maintenance of masculine secondary sexual characteristics such as the growth of facial and body hair . The word anabolic , referring to anabolism , comes from the Greek ἀναβολή anabole , that which is thrown up , mound . Androgens or AAS are one of three types of sex hormone agonists , the others being estrogens like estradiol and progestogens like progesterone . AAS were synthesized in the 1930s , and are now used therapeutically in medicine to stimulate muscle growth and appetite , induce male puberty and treat chronic wasting conditions , such as cancer and AIDS . The American College of Sports Medicine acknowledges that AAS , in the presence of adequate diet , can contribute to increases in body weight , often as lean mass increases and that the gains in muscular strength achieved through high-intensity exercise and proper diet can be additionally increased by the use of AAS in some individuals . Health risks can be produced by long-term use or excessive doses of AAS . These effects include harmful changes in cholesterol levels ( increased low-density lipoprotein and decreased high-density lipoprotein ) , acne , high blood pressure , liver damage ( mainly with most oral AAS ) , and dangerous changes in the structure of the left ventricle of the heart . These risks are further increased when , as they often do , athletes take steroids alongside other drugs , causing significantly more damage to their bodies . The effect of anabolic steroids on the heart can cause myocardial infarction and strokes . Conditions pertaining to hormonal imbalances such as gynecomastia and testicular size reduction may also be caused by AAS . In women and children , AAS can cause irreversible masculinization .
Mark Cameron ( born October 10 , 1952 ) is an American athlete . He was an Olympic weightlifter for the United States .
The United States competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal , Quebec , Canada . 396 competitors , 278 men and 118 women , took part in 189 events in 19 sports .
Paul Cerutti ( born 30 November 1910 , date of death unknown ) was a Monegasque former sports shooter . He competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics and the 1976 Summer Olympics .
Monaco competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal , Quebec , Canada . The country did n't win any medals . In sailing , a team consisting of Gérard Battaglia , Jean-Pierre Borro and Claude Rossi participated in the Soling class . They ended in 23rd place . In shooting , two men participated in the 50 metre rifle prone : Pierre Boisson ( 60th ) and Paul Cerutti ( 64th ) . In the Trap competition Marcel Rué ended in 42nd position and Patrick Novaretti was disqualified . In swimming Joe Barral participated in the 200 and 400 metres freestyle and the 400 metres individual medley .
Shooting at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal comprised seven events , all open to both men and women . For the first time ever , a woman won an Olympic medal in shooting : Margaret Murdock caught the silver in the three positions event .
Amphetamine [ note 1 ] ( contracted from alpha-methylphenethylamine ) is a central nervous system ( CNS ) stimulant that is used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) , narcolepsy , and obesity . Amphetamine was discovered in 1887 and exists as two enantiomers : [ note 2 ] levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine . Amphetamine properly refers to a specific chemical , the racemic free base , which is equal parts of the two enantiomers , levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine , in their pure amine forms . The term is frequently used informally to refer to any combination of the enantiomers , or to either of them alone . Historically , it has been used to treat nasal congestion and depression . Amphetamine is also used as an athletic performance enhancer and cognitive enhancer , and recreationally as an aphrodisiac and euphoriant . It is a prescription drug in many countries , and unauthorized possession and distribution of amphetamine are often tightly controlled due to the significant health risks associated with recreational use . [ sources 1 ] The first amphetamine pharmaceutical was Benzedrine , a brand which was used to treat a variety of conditions . Currently , pharmaceutical amphetamine is prescribed as racemic amphetamine , Adderall , [ note 3 ] dextroamphetamine , or the inactive prodrug lisdexamfetamine . Amphetamine increases monoamine and excitatory neurotransmission in the brain , with its most pronounced effects targeting the norepinephrine and dopamine neurotransmitter systems . [ sources 2 ] At therapeutic doses , amphetamine causes emotional and cognitive effects such as euphoria , change in desire for sex , increased wakefulness , and improved cognitive control . It induces physical effects such as improved reaction time , fatigue resistance , and increased muscle strength .
Dragomir A. Cioroslan OLY ( born 15 May 1954 ) is a retired Romanian middleweight weightlifter . He competed at the 1976 , 1980 and 1984 Olympics and won a bronze medal in 1984 . Besides weightlifting he participated in bodybuilding competitions . Between 1985 and 1990 he served as deputy secretary of the Romanian Weightlifting Federation , and since 1990 worked as weightlifting coach in the United States . Ciorslan was the US National Weightlifting Coach for 13 years . He has since been elevated to the position of the Director of International Strategies and Development at the United States Olympic Committee on 1 November 2006 .
Romania competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal , Canada . 157 competitors , 103 men and 54 women , took part in 92 events in 11 sports .
Fencamfamin ( INN ) , also known as fencamfamine or by the brand names Glucoenergan and Reactivan , is a stimulant which was developed by Merck in the 1960s .
Zbigniew Tadeusz Kaczmarek ( born 31 July 1946 in Tarnowskie Góry ) is a Polish former weightlifter who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics , in the 1976 Summer Olympics , and in the 1980 Summer Olympics . At the 1976 Summer Olympics , the first Olympics to test for anabolic steroids , he won the gold medal but tested positive for anabolic steroids and therefore disqualified for doping and was stripped of his gold medal and suspended .
Poland competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal , Quebec , Canada . 207 competitors , 180 men and 27 women , took part in 116 events in 18 sports .
Valentin Hristov ( Bulgarian : Валентин Христов , born 16 March 1956 ) is a retired Bulgarian heavyweight weightlifter . He is best known for being the first weightlifter to be disqualified from the modern Olympic Games for doping after anabolic steroid testing was introduced at the 1976 Games . He later went on to claim the silver at the 1980 Olympics . Hristov won the world and European titles in 1975 and 1977 and placed second in 1979 . In 1975-76 he set nine ratified world records : three in the snatch , four in the clean and jerk and two in the total . Hristov originally won the gold medal at the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal for Bulgaria but had the medal stripped and title revoked after testing positive for an undisclosed anabolic steroid . This was before the IOC had banned those who cheated from future Olympic Games by testing positive for the use of PEDs , and the Bulgarian returned to claim the silver medal in 1980 .
Canada was the host nation for the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal . 385 competitors , 261 men and 124 women , took part in 173 events in 23 sports . For the first and , so far , only time in Summer Olympics history , the host nation failed to obtain a gold medal .
Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad ( 1896 Olympics in Athens , Greece ) . With the exception of 1904 and the canceled 1916 Summer Olympics , sailing has always been included on the Olympic schedule . The sailing program of 1976 consisted of six sailing classes ( disciplines ) . For each class , seven races were scheduled from 19 July 1976 to 27 July 1976 off the coast of Kingston , Ontario , on Lake Ontario . The sailing was done on the triangular-type Olympic courses .
Phenylpropanolamine ( PPA ) is a sympathomimetic agent which is used as a decongestant and appetite suppressant . It was commonly used in prescription and over-the-counter cough and cold preparations . In veterinary medicine , it is used to control urinary incontinence in dogs . PPA is also known as β-hydroxyamphetamine , and is a member of the phenethylamine and amphetamine chemical classes . It is closely related to the cathinones ( β-ketoamphetamines ) . The compound exists as four stereoisomers , which include d- and l-norephedrine and d- and l-norpseudoephedrine . d-Norpseudoephedrine is also known as cathine , and is found naturally in Catha edulis ( khat ) . Pharmaceutical drug preparations of PPA have varied in their stereoisomer composition in different countries , which may explain differences in misuse and side effect profiles . Analogues of PPA include ephedrine , pseudoephedrine , amphetamine , methamphetamine , and cathinone . Although originally thought to act as a direct agonist of adrenergic receptors , PPA was subsequently found to show only weak or negligible affinity for these receptors , and has been instead characterized as an indirect sympathomimetic which acts by inducing norepinephrine release and thereby activating adrenergic receptors . It was patented in 1938 . In the United States , PPA is no longer sold due to a purported increased risk of stroke in younger women .
Arne Norrback ( born 14 December 1937 ) is a Swedish weightlifter . He competed in the men 's featherweight event at the 1976 Summer Olympics .
Sweden competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal , Quebec , Canada . 116 competitors , 99 men and 17 women , took part in 90 events in 16 sports .
Czechoslovakia competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal , Quebec , Canada . 163 competitors , 125 men and 38 women , took part in 79 events in 16 sports .
Danuta Rosani ( born 30 April 1951 ) is a Polish athlete . She competed in the women 's discus throw at the 1976 Summer Olympics .
At the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal , 37 events were contested in athletics . There were a total number of 1005 participating athletes from 80 countries . The men 's 50 kilometres walk competition was dropped from the Olympic athletics programme , despite its constant presence at the games since 1932 . The IAAF chose to host its own world championship event instead , a month and a half after the Olympics . This foreshadowed the creation of the IAAF World Championships in Athletics in the following years .