1991 Portuguese Grand Prix
Classification -- Pre-Qualifying
Table:
Pos
No
Driver
Constructor
Time
Gap

1

7

Martin Brundle

Brabham-Yamaha

1:17.739

—

2

8

Mark Blundell

Brabham-Yamaha

1:17.788

+0.049

3

17

Gabriele Tarquini

AGS-Ford

1:18.020

+0.281

4

9

Michele Alboreto

Footwork-Ford

1:18.371

+0.583

5

18

Fabrizio Barbazza

AGS-Ford

1:19.292

+1.553

6

14

Olivier Grouillard

Fondmetal-Ford

1:19.500

+1.761

7

10

Alex Caffi

Footwork-Ford

1:19.521

+1.782

8

31

Pedro Chaves

Coloni-Ford

1:23.858

+6.119

Looking at the accompanying table and the context paragraphs listed.

Provide an answer to this question: How many drivers were born before January 1 , 1960 ? Provide just your answer in a JSON object {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Use only the information given.

Martin John Brundle ( born 1 June 1959 ) is a British former racing driver , best known as a Formula One driver and as a commentator for ITV Sport from 1997 to 2008 , the BBC from 2009 to 2011 , and Sky Sports since 2012 . Brundle contested the 1983 British Formula Three Championship , finishing a close second to Ayrton Senna , and the two progressed to Formula One the next year . Brundle failed to win a race at the top level of single seater racing , though continued to find success in other series . He was the 1988 World Sportscar Champion with Silk Cut Jaguar , with a record points score ; and won the 1990 24 Hours of Le Mans race for Jaguar Cars in a Jaguar XJR-12 .
Brabham /ˈbræbəm/ is the common name for Motor Racing Developments Ltd. , a British racing car manufacturer and Formula One racing team . Founded in 1960 by two Australians , driver Jack Brabham and designer Ron Tauranac , the team won four Drivers ' and two Constructors ' World Championships in its 30-year Formula One history . Jack Brabham 's 1966 FIA Drivers ' Championship remains the only such achievement using a car bearing the driver 's own name . In the 1960s , Brabham was the world 's largest manufacturer of open-wheel racing cars for sale to customer teams ; by 1970 it had built more than 500 cars . During this period , teams using Brabham cars won championships in Formula Two and Formula Three . Brabham cars also competed in the Indianapolis 500 and in Formula 5000 racing . In the 1970s and 1980s , Brabham introduced such innovations as in-race refuelling , carbon brakes , and hydropneumatic suspension . Its unique Gordon Murray-designed fan car won its only race before being withdrawn . The team won two more Formula One Drivers ' Championships in the 1980s with Brazilian Nelson Piquet . He won his first championship in 1981 in the ground effect BT49-Ford , and became the first to win a Drivers ' Championship with a turbocharged car , in 1983 . In 1983 the Brabham BT52 , driven by Piquet and Italian Riccardo Patrese , was powered by the BMW M12 straight-4 engine , and powered Brabham to four of the team 's 35 Grand Prix victories . British businessman Bernie Ecclestone owned Brabham during most of the 1970s and 1980s , and later became responsible for administering the commercial aspects of Formula One .
Yamaha Motor Company Limited ( ヤマハ発動機株式会社 , Yamaha Hatsudōki Kabushiki-gaisha ) is a Japanese manufacturer of motorcycles , marine products such as boats and outboard motors , and other motorized products . The company was established in 1955 upon separation from Yamaha Corporation ( however Yamaha Corporation is still the largest private company shareholder with 9.92% , as of 2019 ) , and is headquartered in Iwata , Shizuoka , Japan . The company conducts development , production and marketing operations through 109 consolidated subsidiaries as of 2012 . Led by Genichi Kawakami , the companys founder and first president , Yamaha Motor began production of its first product , the YA-1 , in 1955 . The 125cc motorcycle won the 3rd Mount Fuji Ascent Race in its class . The company 's products includes motorcycles , scooters , motorized bicycles , boats , sail boats , personal water craft , swimming pools , utility boats , fishing boats , outboard motors , 4-wheel ATVs , recreational off-road vehicles , go-kart engines , golf carts , multi-purpose engines , electrical generators , water pumps , snowmobiles , small snow throwers , automobile engines , surface mounters , intelligent machinery , industrial-use unmanned helicopters , electrical power units for wheelchairs and helmets . The company is also involved in the import and sales of various types of products , development of tourist businesses and management of leisure , recreational facilities and related services . Yamahas motorcycle sales are the second largest in the world outboard motor and Yamaha is the world leader in water vehicle sales .
Mark Blundell ( born 8 April 1966 ) is a British racing driver who competed in Formula One for four seasons , sports cars , and CART . He won the 1992 24 Hours of Le Mans . He was a Formula One presenter for the British broadcaster ITV until the end of the 2008 season when the TV broadcasting rights switched to the BBC . Blundell returned to the track in 2019 , driving in the Kwik Fit British Touring Car Championship for the Trade Price Cars team .
Gabriele Tarquini ( born 2 March 1962 ) is an Italian racing driver . He participated in 78 Formula One Grands Prix , debuting on May 3 , 1987 . He scored 1 championship point , and holds the record for the most failed attempts to qualify . He has subsequently raced successfully in Touring Cars , winning the BTCC in 1994 , the ETCC in 2003 the WTCC in 2009 and the WTCR in 2018 . On 22 November 2009 he won the 2009 FIA World Touring Car Championship title at the age of 47 years and 266 days . This made him the oldest ever world champion in an FIA series , breaking Juan Manuel Fangio 's record of being FIA Formula One World Drivers ' Champion at the age of 46 years and 41 days in 1957 . Tarquini backed up this record by winning the 2018 FIA World Touring Car Cup at the age of 56 years and 259 days .
Automobiles Gonfaronnaises Sportives ( also known as AGS and Gonfaron Sports Cars ) was a small French racecar constructor that competed in various racing categories over a period of thirty years , including Formula One from 1986 to 1991 . AGS survived as a prosperous Formula One driving school , in Le Luc , near Gonfaron .
Ford Motor Company , commonly known as Ford , is an American multinational automaker that has its main headquarters in Dearborn , Michigan , a suburb of Detroit . It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16 , 1903 . The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand , and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand . Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer Troller , an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom and a 32% stake in Jiangling Motors . It also has joint-ventures in China ( Changan Ford ) , Taiwan ( Ford Lio Ho ) , Thailand ( AutoAlliance Thailand ) , Turkey ( Ford Otosan ) , and Russia ( Ford Sollers ) . The company is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family ; they have minority ownership but the majority of the voting power . Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines ; by 1914 , these methods were known around the world as Fordism . Ford 's former UK subsidiaries Jaguar and Land Rover , acquired in 1989 and 2000 respectively , were sold to the Indian automaker Tata Motors in March 2008 . Ford owned the Swedish automaker Volvo from 1999 to 2010 . In 2011 , Ford discontinued the Mercury brand , under which it had marketed entry-level luxury cars in the United States , Canada , Mexico , and the Middle East since 1938 . Ford is the second-largest U.S.-based automaker ( behind General Motors ) and the fifth-largest in the world ( behind Toyota , VW , Hyundai-Kia and General Motors ) based on 2015 vehicle production . At the end of 2010 , Ford was the fifth largest automaker in Europe .
Michele Alboreto ( 23 December 1956 - 25 April 2001 ) was an Italian racing driver . He was runner up to Alain Prost in the 1985 Formula One World Championship , as well as winning the 1997 24 Hours of Le Mans and 2001 12 Hours of Sebring sports car races . Alboreto competed in Formula One from 1981 until 1994 , racing for a number of teams , including five seasons ( 1984-88 ) for Ferrari . His career in motorsport began in 1976 , racing a car he and a number of his friends had built in the Formula Monza series . The car , however , achieved very little success and two years later Alboreto moved up to Formula Three . Wins in the Italian Formula Three championship and a European Formula Three Championship crown in 1980 paved the way for his entrance into Formula One with the Tyrrell team . Two wins , the first in the final round of the 1982 season in Las Vegas , and the second a year later in Detroit , earned him a place with the Ferrari team . Alboreto took three wins for the Italian team and challenged Alain Prost for the 1985 Championship , eventually losing out by 20 points . The following three seasons were less successful , however , and at the end of the 1988 campaign , the Italian left Ferrari and re-signed with his former employers Tyrrell , where he stayed until joining Larrousse midway through 1989 . Further seasons with Footwork , Scuderia Italia and Minardi followed during the tail end of his F1 career . In 1995 , Alboreto moved on to sportscars and a year later the American IndyCar series . He took his final major victories , the 1997 Le Mans 24 Hours and 2001 Sebring 12 Hours , with German manufacturers Porsche and Audi respectively .
Footwork Arrows was the name of a British Formula One motor racing team , competing during the mid-1990s . Japanese businessman Wataru Ohashi , who was the president of Footwork Express Co. , Ltd. , a Japanese logistics company , began investing heavily in the Arrows team in 1990 , the deal including requiring the cars to display the Footwork logo prominently . The team was officially renamed Footwork in 1991 , and secured a deal to race with Porsche engines . Results were poorer than expected , and after just six races , Footwork dropped the Porsche engines and continued with Hart-built Ford engines . For the 1992 season they switched engine supplier to Mugen . Arrows retained the Footwork name until Ohashi withdrew his financial backing before the 1996 season , whereupon the name of the team reverted to Arrows . Regardless , Jackie Oliver had retained operational control throughout the entire period .
Fabrizio Barbazza ( born 2 April 1963 ) is an Italian former Formula One driver who raced for the AGS and Minardi teams and was the 1987 Indianapolis 500 Rookie of the Year .
Olivier Grouillard ( born 2 September 1958 , in Fenouillet ) is a racing driver from France . He started racing go-karts from the age of fourteen competing in events such as the Volant Elf . He progressed to Formula Renault winning the title before Grouillard competed in F3000 from 1985 to 1988 taking two wins . He also participated in the Birmingham Superprix but did not start the race . In 1989 , Grouillard joined the Ligier Formula One team before joining the Osella team for 1990 and 1991 when the team was renamed Fondmetal . His last season came in 1992 , when Grouillard drove for Tyrrell . He left the sport following the year without receiving offers for a drive in 1993 . After leaving Formula One , Grouillard raced in the CART PPG World Series , competing in the Indianapolis 500 for which he did not qualify but showed consistency . Grouillard became well known for driving in Sports Cars between 1994 and 2001 having success . During his time in Sports Cars , he raced in the BPR Global GT Series , the FIA GT Championship , the Daytona 24 Hours , the Le Mans 24 Hours and the American Le Mans Series . He retired from motorsport at the end of 2001 .
Fondmetal S.p.A. is an Italian manufacturer of alloy wheels , founded in 1972 by Gabriele Rumi . A Formula One constructor of the same name , also owned by Rumi , competed in the 1991 and 1992 seasons , scoring no championship points . The company also sponsored , and supplied wheels to , numerous other constructors from the mid-1980s to the early 2000s . In 2014 the Fondmetal brand expanded to the United States and became known as Fondmetal USA . All wheels continue to be made in Italy and are TUV approved .
Alessandro Alex Caffi ( born 18 March 1964 ) is an Italian racing driver , former Formula One driver , and team owner . He participated in 75 Grands Prix , debuting on 7 September 1986 . In 2006 he raced in the inaugural season of the Grand Prix Masters formula for retired Formula One drivers . He currently serves as the team owner of NASCAR Whelen Euro Series team Alex Caffi Motorsport , occasionally doing owner-driver duties as well .
Pedro António Matos Chaves ( Portuguese pronunciation : [ ˈpeðɾu ˈmatuʃ ˈʃavɨʃ ] ; born in Oporto , 27 February 1965 ) is a Portuguese racing driver . Chaves was the second Portuguese Formula Ford Champion , in 1986 , starting an international career in 1987 in the British Formula Ford Championship . In 1990 he won the British F3000 Championship with the Madgwick Motorsport outfit , also racing in a few rounds of the FIA F3000 series . In 1991 , he suffered a disastrous season in Formula One , failing to pre-qualify for 13 Grands Prix with an under-financed and uncompetitive Coloni . After failing to pre-qualify for the Portuguese Grand Prix , Chaves left the team , taking the remainder of his sponsorship money with him . At the end of that year Chaves had an agreement with Leyton House ( which would be renamed to March F1 ) to compete in 1992 , however the sponsorship money came too late , and Karl Wendlinger took the place . In 1992 , Chaves returned to F3000 , first with GJ Racing and later in the season moving to the more competitive Il Barone Rampante , with no results . Chaves then spent three years in the American Indy Lights series with Brian Stewart Racing , winning one race , in Vancouver in 1995 . Chaves and Robbie Buhl were the only drivers to win that season other than Greg Moore , who won the rest of the events . In 1996 , he moved to touring car racing and was second in the Spanish Touring Car Championship in a BMW , before racing a Porsche in the FIA GT Championship . Chaves moved to the Portuguese Rally Championship in 1998 , winning the title in 1999 and 2000 , with his co-driver Sérgio Paiva , in a works-supported Toyota Corolla WRC . In 2001 , he took the Spanish GT Championship title , in a Saleen S7-R co-driven by Miguel Ramos .
Coloni Motorsport , also known as Scuderia Coloni , is an auto racing team from Italy . Formed by Enzo Coloni in 1982 , the team participated in Formula Three between 1983 and 1986 , before racing in Formula One as Enzo Coloni Racing Car Systems between 1987 and 1991 . They made 82 attempts to take part in a Formula One race but only qualified 14 times . Since then , under the management of Enzo Coloni 's son Paolo , the team has been successful in Formula Three , Formula 3000 and GP2 Series . Between 2006 and 2009 the team ran under the name of Fisichella Motor Sport , with support from Formula One driver Giancarlo Fisichella and his manager Enrico Zanarini .