List of flag bearers for West Germany at the Olympics
Table:
#
Event year
Season
Flag bearer
Sport

11
1988
Summer
Reiner Klimke
Dressage

10
1988
Winter
Peter Angerer
Biathlon

9
1984
Summer
Willi Kuhweide
Sailing

8
1984
Winter
Monika Gawenus-Holzner-Pflug
Speed skating

7
1980
Winter
Urban Hettich
Nordic combined

6
1976
Summer
Hans Günter Winkler
Show jumping

5
1976
Winter
Wolfgang Zimmerer
Bobsleigh

4
1972
Summer
Detlef Lewe
Sprint canoe

3
1972
Winter
Walter Demel
Cross-country skiing

2
1968
Summer
Wilfried Dietrich
Wrestling

1
1968
Winter
Hans Plenk
Luge

Looking at the accompanying table and the relevant paragraphs listed.

Answer the following question: How many Olympic Games did the bobsleigh competitor compete in ? Provide just your answer in a JSON object {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}.

The 1988 Summer Olympics ( Korean : 서울 하계 올림픽 ; RR : Seoul Hagye Ollimpik [ sʌ.ul ɦaɡje olːimpʰik ] ) , officially known as the Games of the XXIV Olympiad , was an international multi-sport event celebrated from 17 September to 2 October 1988 in Seoul , South Korea . In the Seoul Games , 159 nations were represented by a total of 8,391 athletes : 6,197 men and 2,194 women . 237 events were held and 27,221 volunteers helped to prepare the Olympics . 11,331 media ( 4,978 written press and 6,353 broadcasters ) showed the Games all over the world . These were the last Olympic Games for the Soviet Union and East Germany , as both ceased to exist before the next Olympic Games . The Soviets utterly dominated the medal table , winning 55 gold and 132 total medals . No country came close to this result after 1988 . The games were boycotted by North Korea and its ally , Cuba . Ethiopia , Albania and the Seychelles did not respond to the invitations sent by the IOC . Nicaragua did not participate due to athletic and financial considerations . The participation of Madagascar had been expected , and their team was expected at the opening ceremony of 160 nations . However , the country withdrew because of financial reasons .
Reiner Klimke ( 14 January 1936 - 17 August 1999 ) was a German equestrian , who won six gold and two bronze medals in dressage at the Summer Olympics - a record for equestrian events that has since been surpassed . He appeared in six Olympics from 1960 to 1988 , excluding the 1980 Games that were boycotted by West Germany .
Dressage ( /ˈdrɛsɑːʒ/ or /drɪˈsɑːʒ/ ; a French term , most commonly translated to mean training ) is a highly skilled form of riding performed in exhibition and competition , as well as an art sometimes pursued solely for the sake of mastery . As an equestrian sport defined by the International Equestrian Federation , dressage is described as the highest expression of horse training where horse and rider are expected to perform from memory a series of predetermined movements . Competitions are held at all levels from amateur to the Olympic Games and World Equestrian Games . Its fundamental purpose is to develop , through standardized progressive training methods , a horse 's natural athletic ability and willingness to perform , thereby maximizing its potential as a riding horse . At the peak of a dressage horse 's gymnastic development , the horse responds smoothly to a skilled rider 's minimal aids . The rider is relaxed and appears effort-free while the horse willingly performs the requested movement . The discipline has a rich history with ancient roots in the writings of Xenophon . Modern dressage has evolved as an important equestrian pursuit since the Renaissance when Federico Grisone 's The Rules of Riding was published in 1550 , the first treatise on equitation in over a thousand years since Xenophon 's On Horsemanship . Much about training systems used today reflects practices of classical dressage . In modern dressage competition , successful training at the various levels is demonstrated through the performance of tests , prescribed series of movements ridden within a standard arena . Judges evaluate each movement on the basis of an objective standard appropriate to the level of the test and assign each movement a score from zero to ten - zero being not executed and 10 being excellent . A score of 9 is very good and is a high mark , while a competitor achieving all 6s ( or 60% overall ) should be considering moving on to the next level .
The 1988 Winter Olympics , officially known as the XV Olympic Winter Games ( French : Les XVes Jeux olympiques d'hiver ) , was a multi-sport event celebrated in and around Calgary , Alberta , Canada , between February 13 and 28 , 1988 and were the first Winter Olympics to be held over a whole two week period . The host city was selected in 1981 over Falun , Sweden , and Cortina d'Ampezzo , Italy . Most events took place in Calgary while several skiing events were held in the mountain resorts of Nakiska and Canmore , west of the city . A then-record 57 nations competed and 1,423 athletes participated . As it had in Montreal in 1976 , Canada again failed to win a gold medal in an official medal event as the host nation . Finnish ski jumper Matti Nykänen and Dutch speed skater Yvonne van Gennip were individual medal leaders with each winning three gold medals . The games are also remembered for the heroic failure of British ski jumper Eddie The Eagle Edwards , and the Winter Olympic début of the Jamaica national bobsled team , both of which would be subjects of major feature films about their participation in the games . The Calgary games were at the time one of the most expensive Olympics ever held , but the organizing committee turned record television and sponsorship revenue into a net surplus that was used to maintain the facilities built for the Olympics and develop the Calgary region into the heart of Canada 's elite winter sports program . The five purpose-built venues continue to be used in their original functions , and have helped the country develop into one of the top nations in Winter Olympic competition ; Canada more than quintupled the five medals it won in Calgary at the 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympics .
Peter Angerer ( born 14 July 1959 ) is a former West German biathlete .
The biathlon is a winter sport that combines cross-country skiing and rifle shooting . It is treated as a race where the contestant with the shortest total time wins . Depending on the competition , missed shots result in extra distance or time being added to the contestant 's total .
The 1984 Summer Olympics , officially known as the Games of the XXIII Olympiad , was an international multi-sport event that was held from July 28 to August 12 , 1984 , in Los Angeles , California , United States ( and other venues around the United States ) . This was the second time that Los Angeles had hosted the Games , the first being in 1932 . California was the home state of then-U.S. President Ronald Reagan , who officially opened the Games . The logo for the 1984 Games , branded Stars in Motion , featured red , white and blue stars arranged horizontally and struck through with alternating streaks . The official mascot of the Games was Sam the Olympic Eagle . These were the first Summer Olympic Games under the IOC presidency of Juan Antonio Samaranch . The 1984 Games were boycotted by a total of fourteen Eastern Bloc countries , including the Soviet Union and East Germany , in response to the American-led boycott of the previous 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow in protest of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan ; Romania was the only Eastern Bloc nation that opted to attend the Games . Iran and Libya also chose to boycott the Games for unrelated reasons . Despite the field being depleted in certain sports due to the boycott , 140 National Olympic Committees took part , which was a record at the time . The United States won the most gold and overall medals , followed by Romania and West Germany . The 1984 Summer Olympics are widely considered to be the most financially successful modern Olympics and served as an example of how to run the model Olympic Games . As a result of low construction costs , coupled with a reliance on private corporate funding , the 1984 Olympic Games generated a profit of more than $ 250 million .
Wilhelm Willi Kuhweide ( born 6 January 1943 ) is a retired West German sailor . He competed in one-person dinghy at the 1964 and 1968 Olympics and 1963 , 1966 and 1967 world championships and won on all occasions except in 1968 . He then changed to two-person and three person keelboat events and won a bronze medal at the 1972 Olympics , placing sixth-eighth in 1976 and 1984 ; he missed the 1980 Moscow Games due to their boycott by West Germany .
Sailing employs the wind - acting on sails , wingsails or kites - to propel a craft on the surface of the water ( sailing ship , sailboat , windsurfer , or kitesurfer ) , on ice ( iceboat ) or on land ( land yacht ) over a chosen course , which is often part of a larger plan of navigation . A course defined with respect to the true wind direction is called a point of sail . Conventional sailing craft can not derive power from sails on a point of sail that is too close into the wind . On a given point of sail , the sailor adjusts the alignment of each sail with respect to the apparent wind direction ( as perceived on the craft ) to mobilize the power of the wind . The forces transmitted via the sails are resisted by forces from the hull , keel , and rudder of a sailing craft , by forces from skate runners of an iceboat , or by forces from wheels of a land sailing craft to allow steering the course . In the 21st century , most sailing represents a form of recreation or sport . Recreational sailing or yachting can be divided into racing and cruising . Cruising can include extended offshore and ocean-crossing trips , coastal sailing within sight of land , and daysailing . Until the mid of the 19th century , sailing ships were the primary means for marine commerce , this period is known as Age of Sail .
The 1984 Winter Olympics , officially known as the XIV Olympic Winter Games ( French : XIVes Jeux olympiques d'hiver ; Serbo-Croatian : XIV . zimske olimpijske igre / XIV Зимске олимпијске игре ; Macedonian : XIV Зимски олимписки игри ; Slovene : XIV olimpijske zimske igre ) , was a winter multi-sport event which took place from 8-19 February 1984 in Sarajevo , Yugoslavia , in what is now Bosnia and Herzegovina . Other candidate cities were Sapporo , Japan ; and Gothenburg , Sweden . It was the first Winter Olympic Games held in a socialist state and in a Slavic language-speaking country . It was also the second Olympics overall , as well as the second consecutive Olympics , to be held in a socialist and in a Slavic language-speaking country after the 1980 Summer Olympics were held in Moscow , Soviet Union . Furthermore , it was the first Olympics held in the Balkans after the first modern Games in Athens . The Sarajevo games have also been the only Olympics so far to be hosted by a Non-Aligned Movement member .
Monika Pflug ( born 1 March 1954 ) , also known as Monika Holzner-Pflug and Monika Gawenus-Pflug , is a former speed skater from Germany . She was born in Munich and competed for West Germany . Pflug 's talent for speed skating was discovered in 1968 and the very next year , she already became junior national champion . In 1970 , she set a national record on the 1000 m and in 1971 , she became national sprint champion . The next year , 1972 , was her best year ; she first became national allround champion , then , one month later , she won gold on the 1000 m at the 1972 Winter Olympics of Sapporo , and two weeks after that , she became world sprint champion . After getting married , Pflug started competing as Monika Holzner-Pflug in the 1974-75 season . The marriage was short-lived , however , and after her divorce she competed as Monika Pflug again . In 1984 , Pflug married fellow speed skater Fritz Gawenus , a multiple national champion . From then on , she competed as Monika Gawenus-Pflug . Pflug would compete in a total of five Winter Olympics between 1972 and 1988 , but did not win any more Olympic medals . At the World Sprint Championships , she won three more medals , all bronze , in 1973 , 1974 and 1982 . She interrupted her speed-skating career for a while to become a mother .
Speed skating is a competitive form of ice skating in which the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates . Types of speed skating are long track speed skating , short track speed skating , and marathon speed skating . In the Olympic Games , long-track speed skating is usually referred to as just speed skating , while short-track speed skating is known as short track . The ISU , the governing body of both ice sports , refers to long track as speed skating and short track as short track skating . An international federation was founded in 1892 , the first for any winter sport . The sport enjoys large popularity in the Netherlands , Norway and South Korea . There are top international rinks in a number of other countries , including Canada , the United States , Germany , Italy , Japan , Russia , Kazakhstan , China , Belarus and Poland . A World Cup circuit is held with events in those countries plus two events in the Thialf ice hall in Heerenveen , Netherlands .
The 1980 Winter Olympics , officially known as the XIII Olympic Winter Games , was a multi-sport event which was celebrated from February 13 to February 24 , 1980 , in Lake Placid , New York , United States . This was the second time the Upstate New York village hosted the Games , after 1932 . The only other candidate city to bid for the Games was Vancouver-Garibaldi , British Columbia , Canada , which withdrew before the final vote ( though Vancouver would eventually win the bid to host the 2010 Winter Olympics . ) The mascot of the Games was Roni , a raccoon . The mask-like rings on a raccoon 's face recall the goggles and hats worn by many athletes in winter sports . The sports were played at the Olympic Center , Whiteface Mountain , Mt . Van Hoevenberg Olympic Bobsled Run , the Olympic Ski Jumps , the Cascade Cross Country Ski Center , and the Lake Placid High School Speed Skating Oval .
Urban Hettich ( born 2 March 1953 in Schonach im Schwarzwald ) is a West German nordic combined and skier who competed during the 1970s . His best-known finish was a silver at the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck in the Individual event . Hettich also finished seventh in the men 's 4 x 10 km relay at the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo .
Nordic combined is a winter sport in which athletes compete in cross-country skiing and ski jumping . Nordic combined at the Winter Olympics and the FIS Nordic Combined World Cup are ongoing .
The 1976 Summer Olympics , officially called the Games of the XXI Olympiad ( French : Les XXIes olympiques d'été ) , was an international multi-sport event in Montreal , Quebec , Canada , in 1976 , and the first Olympic Games held in Canada . Montreal was awarded the rights to the 1976 Games on May 12 , 1970 , at the 69th IOC Session in Amsterdam , over the bids of Moscow and Los Angeles . It was the first and , so far , only Summer Olympic Games to be held in Canada . Calgary and Vancouver later hosted the Winter Olympic Games in 1988 and 2010 , respectively . Twenty-nine countries , mostly African , boycotted the Montreal Games when the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) refused to ban New Zealand , after the New Zealand national rugby union team had toured South Africa earlier in 1976 in defiance of the United Nations ' calls for a sporting embargo . The Soviet Union won the most gold and overall medals .
Hans Günter Winkler ( 24 July 1926 - 9 July 2018 ) was a German show jumper . He is the only show jumper to have won five Olympic gold medals and a total of seven Olympic medals , and to compete and win medals in six different Olympic Games . In the 1950s and 1960s Winkler was one of Germany 's most popular athletes .
Show jumping , also known as stadium jumping , open jumping , or simply jumping , is a part of a group of English riding equestrian events that also includes dressage , eventing , hunters , and equitation . Jumping classes are commonly seen at horse shows throughout the world , including the Olympics . Sometimes shows are limited exclusively to jumpers , sometimes jumper classes are offered in conjunction with other English-style events , and sometimes show jumping is but one division of very large , all-breed competitions that include a very wide variety of disciplines . Jumping classes may be governed by various national horse show sanctioning organizations , such as the United States Equestrian Federation in the USA or the British Showjumping Association in Great Britain . International competitions are governed by the rules of the International Federation for Equestrian Sports ( FEI , from the body 's French name of Fédération Équestre Internationale ) .
The 1976 Winter Olympics , officially known as the XII Olympic Winter Games ( French : XIIes Jeux olympiques d'hiver , German : Olympische Winterspiele 1976 ) , were a winter multi-sport event which was celebrated February 4-15 , 1976 in Innsbruck , Austria . It was the second time the Tyrolean city hosted the Games , which were awarded to Innsbruck after Denver , the original host city , withdrew in 1972 .
Wolfgang Zimmerer ( born 15 November 1940 ) is a retired West-German bobsledder who mostly competed as a driver together with his brakeman Peter Utzschneider . Zimmerer took part in the 1968 , 1972 and 1976 Winter Olympics and won four medals , with one gold ( two-man in 1972 ) , one silver ( two-man in 1976 ) , and two bronzes ( four-man in 1972 and 1976 ) . Zimmerer and Utzschneider won nine medals at the FIBT World Championships with four golds ( two-man : 1973 , 1974 ; four-man : 1969 , 1973 ) , three silvers ( two-man : 1970 , four-man : 1970 , 1975 ) , and two bronzes ( four-man : 1971 , 1973 ) . They also collected 10 medals at the European championships , including five golds : in two-man in 1968 , 1972 , and 1973 , and in the four-man in 1970 and 1973 . Zimmerer 's nieces Maria Höfl-Riesch and Susanne Riesch are Olympic alpine skiers .
Bobsleigh or bobsled is a team winter sport that involves making timed runs down narrow , twisting , banked , iced tracks in a gravity-powered sleigh . International bobsleigh competitions are governed by the International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation , also known as FIBT from the French Fédération Internationale de Bobsleigh et de Tobogganing . National competitions are often governed by bodies such as the United States Bobsled and Skeleton Federation and Bobsleigh Canada Skeleton . The first bobsleds were built in St. Moritz , Switzerland , in the late 19th century by wealthy tourists from Victorian Britain who were staying at the Palace Hotel owned by Caspar Badrutt . The early sleds were adapted from boys ' delivery sleds and toboggans . These eventually evolved into bobsleighs , luges and skeletons . Initially the tourists would race their hand-built contraptions down the narrow streets of St. Moritz , however , as collisions increased growing opposition from St Moritz residents led to bobsledding being eventually banned from public highways . In the winter of 1884 , Badrutt had a purpose-built run constructed near the hamlet of Cresta . The Cresta Run remains the oldest in the world and is the home of the St. Moritz Tobogganing Club . It has hosted two Olympic Winter Games and is still in use . Modern Bobsleigh teams compete to complete a downhill route in the fastest times . An aggregate time from several runs is used to determine the winners .
The 1972 Summer Olympics ( German : Olympische Sommerspiele 1972 ) , officially known as the Games of the XX Olympiad , was an international multi-sport event held in Munich , West Germany , from 26 August to 11 September 1972 . The sporting nature of the event was largely overshadowed by the Munich massacre in the second week , in which eleven Israeli athletes and coaches and a West German police officer at Olympic village were killed by Black September terrorists . The 1972 Summer Olympics were the second Summer Olympics to be held in Germany , after the 1936 Games in Berlin , which had taken place under the Nazi regime . The West German Government had been eager to have the Munich Olympics present a democratic and optimistic Germany to the world , as shown by the Games ' official motto , Die Heiteren Spiele , or the cheerful Games . The logo of the Games was a blue solar logo ( the Bright Sun ) by Otl Aicher , the designer and director of the visual conception commission . The Olympic mascot , the dachshund Waldi , was the first officially named Olympic mascot . The Olympic Fanfare was composed by Herbert Rehbein . The Soviet Union won the most gold and overall medals . The Olympic Park ( Olympiapark ) is based on Frei Otto 's plans and after the Games became a Munich landmark . The competition sites , designed by architect Günther Behnisch , included the Olympic swimming hall , the Olympics Hall ( Olympiahalle , a multipurpose facility ) and the Olympic Stadium ( Olympiastadion ) , and an Olympic village very close to the park . The design of the stadium was considered revolutionary , with sweeping canopies of acrylic glass stabilized by metal ropes , used on such a large scale for the first time .
Detlef Lewe ( 20 June 1939 , Dortmund - 1 October 2008 ) was a West German-German sprint canoeist who competed from the late 1950s to the early 1970s .
A sprint canoe is a canoe used in International Canoe Federation canoe sprint . It is an open boat propelled by one , two or four paddlers from a kneeling position , using single-bladed paddles . The difficulty of balance can depend on how wide or narrow the canoe is , although regularly the less contact a canoe has with the water the faster it goes . This makes the narrower boats much faster and popular when it comes to racing .
The 1972 Winter Olympics , officially known as the XI Olympic Winter Games ( Japanese : 第十一回オリンピック冬季競技大会 , Dai Jūichi-kai Orinpikku Tōkikyōgi Taikai ) ( French : Les XIes Jeux olympiques d'hiver ) , were a winter multi-sport event which was held from February 3 to February 13 , 1972 , in Sapporo , Hokkaidō , Japan . It was the first Winter Olympics to be held outside Europe and North America , and only the third game ( summer or winter ) held outside those regions overall , after Melbourne ( 1956 Summer Olympics ) and Tokyo ( 1964 Summer Olympics ) .
Walter Demel ( born 1 December 1935 ) is a West German cross-country skier who competed during the 1960s and 1970s . He won a bronze medal in the 30 km event at the 1966 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships . Demel 's best finish at the Winter Olympics was 5th in the 30 km and 50 km events in 1972 . He was born in Bayreuth , Bavaria , Germany .
Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing where skiers rely on their own locomotion to move across snow-covered terrain , rather than using ski lifts or other forms of assistance . Cross-country skiing is widely practiced as a sport and recreational activity ; however , some still use it as a means of transportation . Variants of cross-country skiing are adapted to a range of terrain which spans unimproved , sometimes mountainous terrain to groomed courses that are specifically designed for the sport . Modern cross-country skiing is similar to the original form of skiing , from which all skiing disciplines evolved , including alpine skiing , ski jumping and Telemark skiing . Skiers propel themselves either by striding forward ( classic style ) or side-to-side in a skating motion ( skate skiing ) , aided by arms pushing on ski poles against the snow . It is practised in regions with snow-covered landscapes , including Northern Europe , Canada , Russia , the United States , Australia and New Zealand . Competitive cross-country skiing is one of the Nordic skiing sports . Cross-country skiing and rifle marksmanship are the two components of biathlon , ski-orienteering is a form of cross-country skiing , which includes map navigation along snow trails and tracks .
The 1968 Summer Olympics ( Spanish : Juegos Olímpicos de Verano de 1968 ) , officially known as the Games of the XIX Olympiad , was an international multi-sport event held in Mexico City , Mexico , from October 12 to the 27th . These were the first Olympic Games to be staged in Latin America and the first to be staged in a Spanish-speaking country . They were the first Games to use an all-weather ( smooth ) track for track and field events instead of the traditional cinder track . The 1968 Games were the third to be held in the last quarter of the year , after the 1956 Games in Melbourne and the 1964 Games in Tokyo . The Mexican Student Movement of 1968 happened concurrently and the Olympic Games were correlated to the government 's repression . The United States won the most gold and overall medals for the last time until 1984 .
Wilfried Dietrich ( 14 October 1933 - 3 June 1992 ) was a German heavyweight wrestler . Between 1956 and 1972 he took part in five Olympics and six world championships , often entering both the freestyle and Greco-Roman wrestling contests - a feat unmatched by any other wrestler . He won five Olympic and five world championship medals , becoming Olympic ( 1960 ) , world ( 1961 ) and European champion ( 1967 ) . Between 1955 and 1962 he won all his freestyle bouts . In 1968 Dietrich was selected as the Olympic flag bearer for West Germany at its first appearance at summer Olympics ; he won a bronze medal at those games . He failed to score at his last Olympics in 1972 , yet he produced the most spectacular victory of his career by throwing over his back the 198 kg American Chris Taylor in the Greco-Roman contest . Dietrich lost to Taylor in their freestyle bout . In 2008 he was inducted into the Germany 's Sports Hall of Fame .
Wrestling is a combat sport involving grappling-type techniques such as clinch fighting , throws and takedowns , joint locks , pins and other grappling holds . The sport can either be theatrical for entertainment ( see professional wrestling ) , or genuinely competitive . A wrestling bout is a physical competition , between two ( occasionally more ) competitors or sparring partners , who attempt to gain and maintain a superior position . There are a wide range of styles with varying rules with both traditional historic and modern styles . Wrestling techniques have been incorporated into other martial arts as well as military hand-to-hand combat systems . The term wrestling is attested in late Old English , as wræstlunge ( glossing palestram ) .
The 1968 Winter Olympics , officially known as the X Olympic Winter Games ( French : Les Xes Jeux olympiques d'hiver ) , were a winter multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1968 in Grenoble , France , and opened on 6 February . Thirty-seven countries participated . Frenchman Jean-Claude Killy won three gold medals in all the alpine skiing events . In women 's figure skating , Peggy Fleming won the only United States gold medal . The games have been credited with making the Winter Olympics more popular in the United States , not least of which because of ABC 's extensive coverage of Fleming and Killy , who became overnight sensations among teenage girls . The year 1968 marked the first time the IOC first permitted East and West Germany to enter separately , and the first time the IOC ever ordered drug and gender testing of competitors .
Hans Plenk ( born 21 February 1938 ) was a West German luger who competed during the 1960s . He was born in Berchtesgaden . He won the bronze medal in the men 's singles event at the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck . Plenk won five medals at the FIL World Luge Championships with four medals in the men 's singles ( gold : 1965 , silver : 1961 , 1963 ; bronze : 1960 ) and one in the men 's doubles event ( bronze : 1960 ) .
A luge /luːʒ/ is a small one- or two-person sled on which one sleds supine ( face up ) and feet-first . A luger steers by using their calf muscles to flex the sled 's runners or by exerting opposite shoulder pressure to the seat . Racing sleds weigh 21-25 kg ( 46-55 lb ) for singles and 25-30 kg ( 55-66 lb ) for doubles . Luge is also the name of an Olympic sport . Lugers can reach speeds of 140 km/h ( 87 mph ) . Austrian Manuel Pfister reached a top speed of 154 km/h ( 96 mph ) on a track in Whistler , Canada , prior to the 2010 Winter Olympics . Lugers compete against a timer in one of the most precisely timed sports in the world - to one one-thousandth of a second on artificial tracks . The first recorded use of the term luge dates to 1905 and derives from the Savoy/Swiss dialect of the French word luge , meaning small coasting sled .