World Athletics U20 Championships
Doubles
Table:
Athlete	Nation	Events	Year

Peter Chumba	Kenya	5000 metres , 10,000 metres	1986

Ato Boldon	Trinidad and Tobago	100 metres , 200 metres	1992

Haile Gebrselassie	Ethiopia	5000 metres , 10,000 metres	1992

Daniel Komen	Kenya	5000 metres , 10,000 metres	1994

Francis Obikwelu	Nigeria	100 metres , 200 metres	1996

Assefa Mezgebu	Ethiopia	5000 metres , 10,000 metres	1996

Christian Malcolm	United Kingdom	100 metres , 200 metres	1998

Andrew Howe	Italy	200 metres , long jump	2004

Margus Hunt	Estonia	Discus throw , shot put	2006

By analysing the tabular data as well as the passages provided at the end.

Give the answer to the question: In what year did the athlete from Nigeria get citizenship from Portugal ? Respond with the correct answer (omit explanations) in JSON format as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}.

Peter Chumba ( born 20 December 1968 ) is a Kenyan male former long-distance runner . He was the first athlete to achieve a gold medal double at the IAAF World Junior Championships in Athletics , taking victory in the 5000 metres and 10,000 metres . This feat has since been matched by Haile Gebrselassie , Daniel Komen and Assefa Mezgebu . While all three of those athletes won senior medals at global level , this feat would remain the highlight of Chumba 's career .
Kenya ( /ˈkɛnjə/ ( listen ) ) , officially the Republic of Kenya ( Swahili : Jamhuri ya Kenya ) , is a country in Africa with 47 semiautonomous counties governed by elected governors . At 580,367 square kilometres ( 224,081 sq mi ) , Kenya is the world 's 48th largest country by total area . With a population of more than 47.6 million people , Kenya is the 29th most populous country . Kenya 's capital and largest city is Nairobi , while its oldest city and first capital is the coastal city of Mombasa . Kisumu City is the third largest city and also an inland port on Lake Victoria . Other important urban centres include Nakuru and Eldoret . Kenya is bordered by South Sudan to the northwest , Ethiopia to the north , Somalia to the east , Uganda to the west , Tanzania to the south , and the Indian Ocean to the southeast . According to archaeological dating of associated artifacts and skeletal material , the Cushites first settled in the lowlands of Kenya between 3,200 and 1,300 BC , a phase referred to as the Lowland Savanna Pastoral Neolithic . Nilotic-speaking pastoralists ( ancestral to Kenya 's Nilotic speakers ) started migrating from present-day southern Sudan into Kenya around 500 BC . European colonisation of Kenya began in the 19th century during the European exploration of the interior . Modern-day Kenya emerged from a protectorate established by the British Empire in 1895 and the subsequent Kenya Colony , which began in 1920 . Numerous disputes between the UK and the colony led to the Mau Mau revolution , which began in 1952 , and the subsequent declaration of independence in 1963 .
Ato Jabari Boldon OLY ( born 30 December 1973 ) is a former track and field athlete and politician from Trinidad and Tobago and four-time Olympic medal winner . He holds the Trinidad and Tobago national record in the 50 , 60 and 200 metres events with times of 5.64 , 6.49 and 19.77 seconds respectively , and also the Commonwealth Games record in the 100 m. He also held the 100m national record at 9.86s , having run it four times until Richard Thompson ran 9.85s on 13 August 2011 . After retiring from his track career , Boldon was an Opposition Senator in the Trinidad and Tobago Parliament , representing the United National Congress from 2006-2007 . He also holds U.S. citizenship . He is now an NBC Sports television broadcast analyst for track and field .
The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago ( /ˈtrɪnɪdæd . təˈbeɪɡoʊ/ ( listen ) , /- toʊ-/ ) is the southernmost island country in the Caribbean . Consisting of the main islands Trinidad and Tobago , and numerous much smaller islands , it is situated 130 kilometres ( 81 miles ) south of Grenada and 11 kilometres ( 6.8 miles ) off the coast of northeastern Venezuela . It shares maritime boundaries with Barbados to the northeast , Grenada to the northwest , Guyana to the southeast , and Venezuela to the south and west . The island of Trinidad was inhabited for centuries by native Amerindian peoples before becoming a colony in the Spanish Empire , following the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1498 . Spanish governor Don José María Chacón surrendered the island to a British fleet under the command of Sir Ralph Abercromby in 1797 . During the same period , the island of Tobago changed hands among Spanish , British , French , Dutch and Courlander colonisers more times than any other island in the Caribbean . [ citation needed ] Trinidad and Tobago were ceded to Britain in 1802 under the Treaty of Amiens as separate states and unified in 1889 . Trinidad and Tobago obtained independence in 1962 , becoming a republic in 1976 . Trinidad and Tobago has the third highest GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity ( PPP ) in the Americas after the United States and Canada . It is recognised by the World Bank as a high-income economy . Unlike most Caribbean nations and territories , which rely heavily on tourism , the Trinidadian economy is primarily industrial with an emphasis on petroleum and petrochemicals ; much of the nation 's wealth is derived from its large reserves of oil and natural gas .
Haile Gebrselassie ( Amharic : ኃይሌ ገብረ ሥላሴ , haylē gebre silassē ; born 18 April 1973 ) is a retired Ethiopian long-distance track and road running athlete . He won two Olympic gold medals over 10,000 metres and four World Championship titles in the event . He won the Berlin Marathon four times consecutively and also had three straight wins at the Dubai Marathon . Further to this , he won four world titles indoors and was the 2001 World Half Marathon Champion . Haile had major competition wins at distances between 1500 metres and the marathon , moving from outdoor , indoor and cross country running to road running in the latter part of his career . He broke 61 Ethiopian national records ranging from 800 metres to the marathon , set 27 world records , and is regarded as one of the greatest distance runners in history . In September 2008 , at the age of 35 , he won the Berlin Marathon with a world record time of 2:03:59 , breaking his own world record by 27 seconds . The record stood for three years . Since he was over the age of 35 , that mark stood as the Masters Age group world record until 29 September 2019 , when fellow Ethiopian Kenenisa Bekele ran 2:01:41 at the age of 37 . Gebrselassie 's 10000 m Masters record has not been challenged since 2008 .
Ethiopia ( /ˌiːθiˈoʊpiə/ ; Amharic : ኢትዮጵያ , ʾĪtyōṗṗyā , listen ( help·info ) , Tigrinya : ኢትዮጵያ , Oromo : Itiyoophiyaa , Somali : Itoobiya , Afar : Itiyoophiyaa ) , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia , is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa . It shares borders with Eritrea to the north , Djibouti to the northeast , Somalia , and the de facto state of Somaliland to the east , Kenya to the south , South Sudan to the west and Sudan to the northwest . With over 109 million inhabitants , Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world and the second-most populous nation on the African continent with a total area of 1,100,000 square kilometres ( 420,000 sq mi ) . Its capital and largest city is Addis Ababa , which lies a few miles west of the East African Rift that splits the country into the Nubian and Somali tectonic plates . Some of the oldest skeletal evidence for anatomically modern humans has been found in Ethiopia . It is widely considered as the region from which modern humans first set out for the Middle East and places beyond . According to linguists , the first Afroasiatic-speaking populations settled in the Horn region during the ensuing Neolithic era . Tracing its roots to the 2nd millennium BCE , Ethiopia 's governmental system was a monarchy for most of its history . Oral literature tells that the monarchy was founded by the Solomonic dynasty of the Queen of Sheba , under its first king , Menelik I . In the first centuries , the Kingdom of Aksum maintained a unified civilization in the region , followed by the Ethiopian Empire circa 1137 . During the late 19th-century Scramble for Africa , Ethiopia and Liberia were two nations that preserved their sovereignty from long-term colonisation by a European colonial power and many newly-independent nations on the continent subsequently adopted its flag colours . However , the country was later occupied by Italy in 1936 and became Italian Ethiopia ( part of Italian East Africa ) until it was liberated during World War II .
Daniel Kipngetich Komen ( born 17 May 1976 ) is a Kenyan middle- and long-distance runner . Remembered for his rivalry with Haile Gebrselassie , Komen 's most notable achievements came in a two-year period between 1996 and 1998 , during which he broke a string of world records . He currently holds the world record for the 3000 metres both outdoors ( 7:20.67 set in 1996 ) and indoors ( 7:24.90 set in 1998 ) . In addition , with his 7.58.61 world record in the 2-mile race set in 1997 , he remains the only man in history to run back-to-back sub-four-minute miles , splitting circa 3:59.4 on both the first and second half of the race . Komen was also the second man , after Saïd Aouita , to break the 13-minute mark for the 5,000 m , the 7½-minute mark for 3,000 m , and the 3½-minute mark for the 1,500 m. [ citation needed ]
Francis Obiorah Obikwelu , GOIH ( born 22 November 1978 ) is a retired Nigerian-born Portuguese sprinter , who specialized in 100 metres and 200 metres . He obtained Portuguese citizenship in 2001 . He is the 2004 Olympic silver medalist in the 100 metres . From that race , he also set the European record in the event at 9.86 , which has been tied twice by Jimmy Vicaut , but not beaten .
Nigeria ( /naɪˈdʒɪəriə/ ( listen ) ) , officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria , is a country in West Africa , bordering Niger in the north , Chad in the northeast , Cameroon in the east , and Benin in the west . Its coast in the south is located on the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean . The federation comprises 36 states and 1 Federal Capital Territory , where the capital , Abuja , is located . The constitution defines Nigeria as a democratic secular state. , Nigeria has been home to a number of ancient and indigenous kingdoms and states over the millennia . The modern state originated from British colonial rule beginning in the 19th century , and took its present territorial shape with the merging of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate in 1914 by Lord Fredrick Lugard . The British set up administrative and legal structures while practicing indirect rule through traditional chiefdoms , Nigeria became a formally independent federation in 1960 . It experienced a civil war from 1967 to 1970 . It thereafter alternated between democratically elected civilian governments and military dictatorships until it achieved a stable democracy in 1999 , with the 2011 presidential election considered the first to be reasonably free and fair . Nigeria is often referred to as the Giant of Africa , owing to its large population and economy . With 206 million inhabitants , Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the seventh most populous country in the world . Nigeria has the third-largest youth population in the world , after India and China , with more than 90 million of its population under the age of eighteen . Nigeria is the world 's 20th largest economy as of 2015 [ update ] , worth more than $ 500 billion and $ 1 trillion in terms of nominal GDP and purchasing power parity , respectively .
Assefa Mezgebu ( born June 19 , 1978 in Sidamo ) is a retired Ethiopian long-distance runner , most known for winning a bronze medal in the 10,000 metres event at the 2000 Summer Olympics . He was also the runner-up at the 2001 World Championships in Athletics , following a bronze medal at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics . He also competed in cross-country running and reached the podium at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships in 1998 and 2000 . Assefa Mezgebu is the younger brother of Ayele Mezgebu .
Christian Sean Malcolm ( born 3 June 1979 ) is a retired Welsh athlete specialised in the 200 metres .
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , commonly known as the United Kingdom ( UK or U.K. ) or Britain , [ note 11 ] is a sovereign country located off the north­western coast of the European mainland . Existing under its current name since 1921 , the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain , the north­eastern part of the island of Ireland , and many smaller islands . Northern Ireland shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland . Otherwise , the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to the east , the English Channel to the south and the Celtic Sea to the southwest , giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world . The Irish Sea separates Great Britain and Ireland . The total area of the United Kingdom is 94,000 square miles ( 240,000 km2 ) . The United Kingdom is a unitary parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy . [ note 12 ] The current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II , who has reigned since 1952 , making her the world 's longest-serving current head of state . The United Kingdom 's capital and largest city is London , a global city and financial centre with an urban area population of 10.3 million . Other major cities include Birmingham , Manchester , Glasgow , Leeds and Liverpool . The United Kingdom consists of four constituent countries : England , Scotland , Wales , and Northern Ireland . Their capitals are London , Edinburgh , Cardiff , and Belfast , respectively .
Andrew Howe ( born 12 May 1985 ) is an Italian athlete who specializes in the long jump . He won this event as well as the 200 metres at the 2004 World Junior Championships . He was successful at senior level at a young age , winning a long jump bronze at the 2006 IAAF World Indoor Championships before becoming the European Champion later that year . In 2007 he became the European Indoor Champion and won the silver medal at the 2007 World Championships in Athletics . A combination of injuries ruled him out for most of the 2008 and 2009 seasons . He returned to action in 2010 and became the Italian champion , representing his country at the 2010 European Athletics Championships .
Italy ( Italian : Italia [ iˈtaːlja ] ( listen ) ) , officially the Italian Republic ( Italian : Repubblica Italiana [ reˈpubblika itaˈljaːna ] ) , is a European country consisting of a peninsula delimited by the Alps and surrounded by several islands . Italy is located in south-central Europe , and it is also considered a part of Western Europe . The country covers a total area of 301,340 km2 ( 116,350 sq mi ) and shares land borders with France , Switzerland , Austria , Slovenia , and the enclaved microstates of Vatican City and San Marino . Italy has a territorial exclave in Switzerland ( Campione ) and a maritime exclave in the Tunisian Sea ( Lampedusa ) . With around 60 million inhabitants , Italy is the third-most populous member state of the European Union . The capital and largest city is Rome ; other major cities are Milan , Naples , Turin , Palermo , Genoa , Bologna , Florence and Venice . Due to its central geographic location in Southern Europe and the Mediterranean , Italy has historically been home to myriad peoples and cultures . In addition to the various ancient peoples dispersed throughout what is now modern-day Italy , the most predominant being the Indo-European Italic peoples who gave the peninsula its name , beginning from the classical era , Phoenicians and Carthaginians founded colonies mostly in insular Italy , Greeks established settlements in the so-called Magna Graecia of Southern Italy , while Etruscans and Celts inhabited central and northern Italy respectively . An Italic tribe known as the Latins formed the Roman Kingdom in the 8th century BC , which eventually became a republic with a government of the Senate and the People . The Roman Republic initially conquered and assimilated its neighbours on the Italian peninsula , eventually expanding and conquering parts of Europe , North Africa and Asia . By the first century BC , the Roman Empire emerged as the dominant power in the Mediterranean Basin and became a leading cultural , political and religious centre , inaugurating the Pax Romana , a period of more than 200 years during which Italy 's law , technology , economy , art , and literature developed . Italy remained the homeland of the Romans and the metropole of the empire , whose legacy can also be observed in the global distribution of culture , governments , Christianity and the Latin script .
Margus Hunt ( born July 14 , 1987 ) is an Estonian professional American football defensive tackle for the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League ( NFL ) . He was drafted by the Cincinnati Bengals in the second round of the 2013 NFL Draft . He played college football at SMU . Before taking up American football , Hunt competed in the discus throw and shot put , and was the former world junior record holder in discus throw . At 6 ft 8 in ( 2.03 m ) , he is one of the tallest players in the NFL .
Estonia ( Estonian : Eesti [ ˈeːsʲti ] ( listen ) ) , officially the Republic of Estonia ( Estonian : Eesti Vabariik ) , is a country on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe . It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland with Finland on the other side , to the west by the Baltic Sea with Sweden on the other side , to the south by Latvia ( 343 km ) , and to the east by Lake Peipus and Russia ( 338.6 km ) . The territory of Estonia consists of the mainland and of 2,222 islands in the Baltic Sea , covering a total area of 45,227 km2 ( 17,462 sq mi ) , water 2,839 km2 ( 1,096 sq mi ) , land area 42,388 km2 ( 16,366 sq mi ) , and is influenced by a humid continental climate . The official language of the country , Estonian , is the second-most-spoken Finnic language . The territory of Estonia has been inhabited since at least 9,000 BC . Ancient Estonians became some of the last European pagans to adopt Christianity - following the Livonian Crusade in the 13th century . After centuries of successive rule by Germans , Danes , Swedes , Poles and Russians , a distinct Estonian national identity began to emerge in the 19th and early 20th centuries . This culminated in independence from Russia in 1920 after a brief War of Independence at the end of World War I . Initially democratic prior to the Great Depression , Estonia experienced authoritarian rule from 1934 during the Era of Silence . During World War II ( 1939-1945 ) , Estonia was repeatedly contested and occupied by the Soviet Union and Germany , ultimately being incorporated into the former . After the loss of its de facto independence , Estonia 's de jure state continuity was preserved by diplomatic representatives and the government-in-exile . In 1987 the peaceful Singing Revolution began against Soviet rule , resulting in the restoration of de facto independence on 20 August 1991 .