2000 World Junior Figure Skating Championships
Results -- Pairs
Table:
Rank

Name

Nation

TFP

SP

FS

1

Aliona Savchenko / Stanislav Morozov
Ukraine

2
1

2

Julia Obertas / Dmitri Palamarchuk
Ukraine

1
2

3

Julia Shapiro / Alexei Sokolov
Russia

3
4

4

Zhang Dan / Zhang Hao
China

7
3

5

Amanda Magarian / Jered Guzman
United States

5
5

6

Elena Riabchuk / Stanislav Zakharov
Russia

6
6

7

Milica Brozovic / Anton Nimenko
Russia

4
8

8

Chantal Poirier / Craig Buntin
Canada

9
7

9

Viktoria Shklover / Valdis Mintals
Estonia

8
11

10

Claudia Rauschenbach / Robin Szolkowy
Germany

12
10

11

Ding Yang / Ren Zhongfei
China

16
9

12

Diana Riskova / Vladimir Futas
Slovakia

10
12

13

Larissa Spielberg / Craig Joeright
United States

11
13

14

Sabrina Lefrançois / Jérôme Blanchard
France

14
14

15

Jessica Waldstein / Garrett Lucash
United States

13
15

16

Virginia Toombs / James Johnson
Canada

15
16

17

Maria Krasiltseva / Artem Znachkov
Armenia

18
17

18

Rebecca Corne / Richard Rowlands
United Kingdom

19
18

19

Irina Shabanov / Artem Knyazev
Uzbekistan

17
19

20

Tatjana Zaharjeva / Jurijs Salmanov
Latvia

20
20

From the provided table plus the passages provided.

Solve the question: What is the SP for the skaters that come from the national where the official language is the 2nd most spoken Finnic language ? Return your answer as JSON: {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Use only the information given.

Aljona Savchenko ( Ukrainian : Олена Валентинівна Савченко , Olena Valentynivna Savčenko ; German Romanization : Aljona Sawtschenko , sometimes Aliona Savchenko ; born 19 January 1984 ) is a Ukrainian-born German pair skater . One of the most decorated pair skaters , she is the 2018 Olympic Champion and two-time Olympic bronze medalist ( 2010 , 2014 ) , a six-time World Champion and a five-time Grand Prix Final champion . With partner Bruno Massot , she is the 2018 Olympic champion , the 2018 World Champion , a two-time European silver medalist , the 2017-18 Grand Prix Final champion , and a two-time German national champion ( 2016 , 2018 ) . The pair hold the world record for best free skate score and best total score , and they are the first pair skaters to break 160 points in the free skate . With former partner Robin Szolkowy , she is the 2010 and 2014 Olympic bronze medalist , a five-time World champion ( 2008 , 2009 , 2011 , 2012 , 2014 ) , a four-time European champion ( 2007-2009 , 2011 ) , a four-time Grand Prix Final champion ( 2007 , 2010 , 2011 , 2013 ) , and an eight-time German national champion ( 2004-2009 , 2011 , 2014 ) . Savchenko and Szolkowy received the first 10.0 component scores ever given by a judge under the ISU Judging System . Savchenko originally represented Ukraine with Dmitri Boyenko and later Stanislav Morozov . With Morozov , she was the 2000 World Junior champion , the 1999-2000 Junior Grand Prix Final champion , and a two-time Ukrainian national champion .
Stanislav Oleksandrovych Morozov ( Ukrainian : Станіслав Олександрович Морозов ; Russian : Станислав Александрович Морозов , born 1 February 1979 ) is a former pair skater who competed for Ukraine and now works as a coach in Russia . With partner Tatiana Volosozhar , he was a four-time ( 2005 , 2007 , 2008 , 2010 ) Ukrainian national champion . They placed 12th at the 2006 Winter Olympics and 8th at the 2010 Winter Olympics , and as high as 4th place at Worlds and Europeans .
Ukraine ( Ukrainian : Україна , romanized : Ukrayina , pronounced [ ʊkrɐˈjinɐ ] ( listen ) ) is a country in Eastern Europe . It is bordered by Russia to the north-east ; Belarus to the north ; Poland , Slovakia and Hungary to the west ; and Romania , Moldova , and the Black Sea to the south . Ukraine is currently in a territorial dispute with Russia over the Crimean Peninsula , which Russia annexed in 2014 . Including Crimea , Ukraine has an area of 603,628 km2 ( 233,062 sq mi ) , making it both the largest country entirely within Europe and the 46th largest country in the world . Excluding Crimea , Ukraine has a population of about 42 million , making it the 32nd most populous country in the world . Its capital and largest city is Kiev . Ukrainian is the official language and its alphabet is Cyrillic . The dominant religion in the country is Eastern Orthodoxy . The territory of modern Ukraine has been inhabited since 32,000 BC . During the Middle Ages , the area was a key centre of East Slavic culture , with the powerful state of Kievan Rus ' forming the basis of Ukrainian identity . Following its fragmentation in the 13th century , the territory was contested , ruled and divided by a variety of powers , including the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth , Austria-Hungary , the Ottoman Empire and Russia . A Cossack republic emerged and prospered during the 17th and 18th centuries , but its territory was eventually split between Poland and the Russian Empire .
Julia Nikolayevna Obertas , married name : Horak ( Russian : Юлия Николаевна Обертас , Ukrainian : Юлія Обертас ; born 19 June 1984 ) is a former pair skater who represented Ukraine until 2000 and then Russia until the end of her career . She is best known for her partnership with Sergei Slavnov , with whom she competed from 2003 to 2007 . They are the 2005 European silver medalists . Earlier , she competed with Alexei Sokolov for Russia and Dmytro Palamarchuk for Ukraine . With Palamarchuk , she became a two-time ( 1998-1999 ) World Junior champion .
Dmytro ( Dmitri ) Palamarchuk ( Ukrainian : Дмитро Паламарчук , born December 17 , 1979 ) is a Ukrainian figure skating coach and retired pair skater . With former partner Julia Obertas , he is a two-time World Junior champion ( 1998 , 1999 ) and two-time Junior Grand Prix Final champion .
Julia Shapiro ( born 16 December 1984 ) is a former pair skater who competed for Russia and Israel . Early in her career , she represented Russia with Igor Petrov , Alexei Sokolov , and Dmitri Khromin . With Sokolov , she is the 2000 World Junior bronze medalist . From 2002-05 , Shapiro competed with Vadim Akolzin for Israel . They achieved their best ISU Championship result , tenth , at the 2005 European Championships .
Alexei Vladimirovich Sokolov ( Russian : Алексей Владимирович Соколов ; born 15 January 1979 ) is a Russian pair skating coach and former competitor . With Julia Obertas , he won two Grand Prix medals and placed within the top ten at two ISU Championships . He is the 1998 World Junior silver medalist with Svetlana Nikolaeva and the 2000 World Junior bronze medalist with Julia Shapiro .
Russia ( Russian : Росси́я , tr . Rossiya , IPA : [ rɐˈsʲijə ] ) , or the Russian Federation , [ e ] is a European country located in Eastern Europe with a vast expanse of territory that stretches across Northern Asia . At 17,125,200 square kilometres ( 6,612,100 sq mi ) , it is by far the largest country in the world by area , covering more than one-eighth of the Earth 's inhabited land area , spanning eleven time zones , and bordering 16 sovereign nations . The territory of Russia extends from the Baltic Sea in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east , and from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Black Sea and the Caucasus in the south . With 146.7 million inhabitants living in the country 's 85 federal subjects as of 2020 , Russia is the most populous nation in Europe and the ninth-most populous nation in the world . Russia 's capital and largest city is Moscow ; other major urban areas include Saint Petersburg , Novosibirsk , Yekaterinburg , Nizhny Novgorod , Kazan and Chelyabinsk . The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD . Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants , the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century . In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire , beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium . Rus ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states , until it was finally reunified by the Grand Duchy of Moscow in the 15th century . By the 18th century , the nation had greatly expanded through conquest , annexation , and exploration to become the Russian Empire , which was the third largest empire in history , stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east . Following the Russian Revolution , the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic ( Russian SFSR ) became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( USSR/Soviet Union ) , the world 's first constitutionally socialist state .
Zhang Dan ( simplified Chinese : 张丹 ; traditional Chinese : 張丹 ; pinyin : Zhāng Dān ; born 4 October 1985 ) is a Chinese pair skater . With Zhang Hao , she is the 2006 Olympic silver medalist , a four-time ( 2005 bronze , 2006 , 2008 , 2009 silver ) World medalist , and a two-time ( 2005 , 2010 ) Four Continents champion . Zhang Dan retired from competition in May 2012 .
Zhang Hao ( Chinese : 张昊 ; pinyin : Zhāng Hào ; Mandarin pronunciation : [ ʈʂáŋ xâu ] ; born July 6 , 1984 ) is a Chinese pair skater . With current partner Yu Xiaoyu , he is the 2016-17 Grand Prix Final silver medalist , 2017 Asian Winter Games champion and 2018 Chinese national champion . With former partner Peng Cheng , he is the 2015 Four Continents silver medalist . With former partner Zhang Dan , he is the 2006 Olympic silver medalist , a four-time ( 2005 bronze , 2006 , 2008 , 2009 silver ) World medalist , and a two-time ( 2005 , 2010 ) Four Continents champion .
China ( Chinese : 中国 ; pinyin : Zhōngguó ) , officially the People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) , is a country in East Asia and is the world 's most populous country , with a population of around 1.428 billion in 2017 . Covering approximately 9,600,000 square kilometers ( 3,700,000 sq mi ) , it is the third largest country by area . [ j ] Governed by the Communist Party of China , the state exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces , [ k ] five autonomous regions , four direct-controlled municipalities ( Beijing , Tianjin , Shanghai , and Chongqing ) , and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau . China emerged as one of the world 's first civilizations , in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain . For millennia , China 's political system was based on hereditary monarchies , or dynasties , beginning with the semi-mythical Xia dynasty in 21st century BCE . Since then , China has expanded , fractured , and re-unified numerous times . In the 3rd century BCE , the Qin reunited core China and established the first Chinese empire . The succeeding Han dynasty , which ruled from 206 BCE until 220 CE , saw some of the most advanced technology at that time , including papermaking and the compass , along with agricultural and medical improvements . The invention of gunpowder and movable type in the Tang dynasty ( 618-907 ) and Northern Song ( 960-1127 ) completed the Four Great Inventions . Tang culture spread widely in Asia , as the new Silk Route brought traders to as far as Mesopotamia and the Horn of Africa . Dynastic rule ended in 1912 with the Xinhai Revolution , when the Republic of China ( ROC ) replaced the Qing dynasty . China , as a whole , was ravaged by feudal warlordism and Japan during World War II .
Amanda Magarian ( born March 1 , 1984 in Fresno , CA ) is an American retired pair skater . Most notably , she skated with Jered Guzman for several years and won the pewter medal at the 2000 U.S . Figure Skating Championships .
Jered Guzman ( born September 12 , 1981 in Garden Grove , California ) is an American retired competitive pair skater . From 1992 to 1998 , he teamed with Natalie Vlandis , capturing the gold medal at the 1996 U.S . Junior Championships and finishing fifth at the 1998 U.S . Figure Skating Championships . He then joined forces with Amanda Magarian for several years , with a fourth-place finish for the pair at the 2000 Nationals . After that partnership ended , he briefly skated with Jennifer Don .
The United States of America ( USA ) , commonly known as the United States ( U.S. or US ) or America , is a country consisting of 50 states , a federal district , five major self-governing territories , and various possessions . [ g ] At 3.8 million square miles ( 9.8 million km2 ) , it is the world 's third or fourth-largest country by total area [ b ] and is slightly smaller than the entire continent of Europe . Most of the country is located in central North America between Canada and Mexico . With an estimated population of over 328 million , the U.S. is the third most populous country in the world . The capital is Washington , D.C. , and the most populous city is New York City . Paleo-Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 12,000 years ago . European colonization began in the 16th century . The United States emerged from the thirteen British colonies established along the East Coast . Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies led to the American Revolutionary War lasting between 1775 and 1783 , leading to independence . The United States embarked on a vigorous expansion across North America throughout the 19th century - gradually acquiring new territories , displacing Native Americans , and admitting new states - until by 1848 it spanned the continent . During the second half of the 19th century , the American Civil War led to the abolition of slavery in the United States . The Spanish-American War and World War I confirmed the country 's status as a global military power .
Elena Riabchuk ( Russian : Елена Рябчук ; born 27 July 1985 ) is a former pair skater who competed for Russia . She is the 2002 World Junior champion with partner Stanislav Zakharov . She was hospitalized for a couple of weeks in the summer of 2000 after her partner 's blade struck her head while practicing a side-by-side spin .
Stanislav Vladimirovich Zakharov ( Russian : Станислав Владимирович Захаров ; born 31 August 1981 ) is a Russian former pair skater . He is the 2002 World Junior champion with partner Elena Riabchuk . In the summer of 2000 , his blade struck Riabchuk during a side-by-side spin , putting her in hospital for a couple of weeks .
Milica Brozović , sometimes Meliza Brozovich , ( born 17 October 1983 ) is a former competitive pair skater . Skating with Anton Nimenko for Russia , she became the 1998 Nebelhorn Trophy bronze medalist and won four ISU Junior Grand Prix medals . Representing Slovakia with Vladimir Futáš , she won silver at the 2004 Ondrej Nepela Memorial . She competed in the final segment at four ISU Championships .
Anton Valeryevich Nimenko ( Russian : Антон Валерьевич Нименко ; born 17 October 1980 ) is a Russian figure skating coach and former competitor . As a pair skater with Milica Brozović , he is the 1998 Nebelhorn Trophy bronze medalist and a four-time medalist on the ISU Junior Grand Prix series . They also competed at two World Junior Championships .
Chantal Poirier ( born December 25 , 1985 ) is a Canadian former pair skater . With Craig Buntin , she won two medals on the ISU Junior Grand Prix series and qualified for the 1999-2000 JGP Final , where they placed sixth . They represented Canada at the 2000 World Junior Championships and finished eighth . After their partnership ended , Poirier teamed up with Ian Moram , with whom she competed together for two seasons . They received one senior Grand Prix assignment , the 2001 Skate Canada International , where they placed seventh , and won the bronze medal at the 2001 Golden Spin of Zagreb . Poirier also competed as a single skater but had no notable international appearances .
Craig Buntin ( born May 27 , 1980 ) is a Canadian former pair skater . He is the co-founder and CEO of Sportlogiq , an AI-powered sports analytics company based in Montreal , Quebec . With former partner Meagan Duhamel , he is the 2009 Canadian silver medallist , the 2008 & 2010 Canadian bronze medallist , and the 2010 Four Continents bronze medallist . With Valérie Marcoux , he represented Canada at the 2006 Winter Olympics , where they placed 11th .
Canada is a country in the northern part of North America . Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean , covering 9.98 million square kilometres ( 3.85 million square miles ) , making it the world 's second-largest country by total area . Its southern border with the United States , stretching some 8,891 kilometres ( 5,525 mi ) , is the world 's longest bi-national land border . Canada 's capital is Ottawa , and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto , Montreal , and Vancouver . As a whole , Canada is sparsely populated , with most of its land area dominated by forest and tundra . Its population is highly urbanized , with over 80 percent of its inhabitants concentrated in large and medium-sized cities , and 70 percent residing within 100 kilometres ( 62 mi ) of the southern border . Canada 's climate varies widely across its vast area , ranging from Arctic climate in the north to hot summers in the southern regions , with four distinct seasons . Various indigenous peoples inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years before European colonization . Beginning in the 16th century , British and French expeditions explored and later settled along the Atlantic coast . As a consequence of various armed conflicts , France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 . In 1867 , with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation , Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces . This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom .
Viktoria Shklover ( born 18 January 1984 ) is an Estonian pair skater . Early in her career , she competed with Aleksandr Bulogin . From 1998 through 2002 , she competed with Valdis Mintals . They were the 1998-2002 Estonian national champions . They competed twice at the World Junior Championships , and three times at the World and European Championships . Their highest placement at an ISU Championship was 10th at the 2000 and 2001 European Championships .
Valdis Mintals ( born 11 December 1979 in Tallinn ) is an Estonian pair skater . With partner Ekaterina Nekrassova , he is a multiple Estonian national champion . They competed at the World , European , and World Junior Championships before ending their partnership in 1998 . From 1998 through 2002 , Mintals competed with Viktoria Shklover . They were the 1998-2002 Estonian national champions . They competed twice at the World Junior Championships , and three times at the World and European Championships . Their highest placement at an ISU Championship was 10th at the 2000 and 2001 European Championships . Early in his career , Mintals competed in single skating . Following his retirement in 2002 from competitive skating , Mintals performed in touring ice shows and ice theater .
Estonia ( Estonian : Eesti [ ˈeːsʲti ] ( listen ) ) , officially the Republic of Estonia ( Estonian : Eesti Vabariik ) , is a country on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe . It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland with Finland on the other side , to the west by the Baltic Sea with Sweden on the other side , to the south by Latvia ( 343 km ) , and to the east by Lake Peipus and Russia ( 338.6 km ) . The territory of Estonia consists of the mainland and of 2,222 islands in the Baltic Sea , covering a total area of 45,227 km2 ( 17,462 sq mi ) , water 2,839 km2 ( 1,096 sq mi ) , land area 42,388 km2 ( 16,366 sq mi ) , and is influenced by a humid continental climate . The official language of the country , Estonian , is the second-most-spoken Finnic language . The territory of Estonia has been inhabited since at least 9,000 BC . Ancient Estonians became some of the last European pagans to adopt Christianity - following the Livonian Crusade in the 13th century . After centuries of successive rule by Germans , Danes , Swedes , Poles and Russians , a distinct Estonian national identity began to emerge in the 19th and early 20th centuries . This culminated in independence from Russia in 1920 after a brief War of Independence at the end of World War I . Initially democratic prior to the Great Depression , Estonia experienced authoritarian rule from 1934 during the Era of Silence . During World War II ( 1939-1945 ) , Estonia was repeatedly contested and occupied by the Soviet Union and Germany , ultimately being incorporated into the former . After the loss of its de facto independence , Estonia 's de jure state continuity was preserved by diplomatic representatives and the government-in-exile . In 1987 the peaceful Singing Revolution began against Soviet rule , resulting in the restoration of de facto independence on 20 August 1991 .
Claudia Rauschenbach ( born 14 October 1984 in Karl-Marx-Stadt ) is a German pair skater . With former partner Robin Szolkowy , she is the 2001 German national champion and 1999 & 2000 junior national champion . She is the daughter of Anett Pötzsch and Axel Witt and the stepdaughter of Axel Rauschenbach . She is the niece of two-time Olympic champion Katarina Witt .
Robin Szolkowy ( born 14 July 1979 ) is a German pair skater . With partner Aliona Savchenko , he is the 2010 and 2014 Olympic bronze medalist , a five-time World champion ( 2008 , 2009 , 2011 , 2012 , 2014 ) , a four-time European champion ( 2007-2009 , 2011 ) , a four-time Grand Prix Final champion ( 2007 , 2010 , 2011 , 2013 ) , and an eight-time German national champion ( 2004-2009 , 2011 , 2014 ) . Savchenko and Szolkowy scored the first 10.0 ever given by a judge under the ISU Judging System .
Germany ( German : Deutschland , German pronunciation : [ ˈdɔʏtʃlant ] ) , constitutionally the Federal Republic of Germany ( German : Bundesrepublik Deutschland , listen ( help·info ) ) , [ f ] is a country in Central and Western Europe . It borders Denmark to the north , Poland and the Czech Republic to the east , Austria and Switzerland to the south , France to the southwest , and Luxembourg , Belgium , and the Netherlands to the west . Germany includes 16 constituent states , covers an area of 357,386 square kilometres ( 137,988 sq mi ) , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate . With 83 million inhabitants , it is the second most populous state of Europe after Russia , the most populous state lying entirely in Europe , as well as the most populous member state of the European Union . Germany is a very decentralised country . Its capital and largest metropolis is Berlin , while Frankfurt serves as its financial capital and has the country 's busiest airport . Various Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity . A region named Germania was documented before AD 100 . Beginning in the 10th century , German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire . During the 16th century , northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation . After the collapse of the Holy Roman Empire , the German Confederation was formed in 1815 . The German revolutions of 1848-49 resulted in the Frankfurt Parliament establishing major democratic rights .
Ding Yang ( simplified Chinese : 丁扬 ; traditional Chinese : 丁揚 ; pinyin : Dīng Yáng ; born May 10 , 1984 in Harbin , Heilongjiang , China ) is a Chinese pair skater . She competed with Ren Zhongfei . They are the 2005 Chinese national champions . They are the 2002 World Junior bronze medalists and the 2003 World Junior silver medalists . Although they attempted the throw quadruple toe loop in international competition , they never successfully landed it cleanly and it was never ratified .
Ren Zhongfei ( simplified Chinese : 任重飞 ; traditional Chinese : 任重飛 ; pinyin : Rèn Zhòngfēi ; born August 28 , 1982 in Harbin , Heilongjiang , China ) is a Chinese pair skater . He competed with Ding Yang . They are the 2005 Chinese national champions . They are the 2002 World Junior bronze medalists and the 2003 World Junior silver medalists . Although they attempted the throw quadruple toe loop in international competition , they never successfully landed it cleanly and it was never ratified .
Diana Rišková ( born 22 October 1984 ) is a Slovak former competitive pair skater . With Vladimir Futáš , she competed at three World Junior Championships and won silver at the 2000 ISU Junior Grand Prix in the Czech Republic .
Vladimir Futáš ( born 20 August 1979 ) is a figure skater who represented Slovakia in men 's singles and pairs . As a pair skater , he competed in the final segment at a total of six ISU Championships . He skated with Diana Rišková , Maria Guerassimenko , Milica Brozović , and Oľga Beständigová .
Slovakia ( /sloʊˈvækiə , -ˈvɑːk-/ ( listen ) ; Slovak : Slovensko [ ˈslɔʋɛnskɔ ] ( listen ) ) , officially the Slovak Republic ( Slovak : Slovenská republika , listen ( help·info ) ) , is a landlocked country in the eastern part of Central Europe . It is bordered by Poland to the north , Ukraine to the east , Hungary to the south , Austria to the southwest , and the Czech Republic to the northwest . Slovakia 's territory spans about 49,000 square kilometres ( 19,000 sq mi ) and is mostly mountainous . The population is over 5.6 million and consists mostly of Slovaks . The capital and largest city is Bratislava , and the second-largest city is Košice . The official language is Slovak . The Slavs arrived in the territory of present-day Slovakia in the 5th and 6th centuries . In the 7th century they played a significant role in the creation of Samo 's Empire and in the 9th century established the Principality of Nitra , which was later conquered by the Principality of Moravia to establish Great Moravia . In the 10th century , after the dissolution of Great Moravia , the territory was integrated into the Principality of Hungary , which would become the Kingdom of Hungary in 1000 . In 1241 and 1242 , much of the territory was destroyed by the Mongols during their invasion of Central and Eastern Europe . The area was recovered largely thanks to Béla IV of Hungary who also settled Germans who became an important ethnic group in the area , especially in what are today parts of central and eastern Slovakia . After World War I and the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire , the Czechoslovak National Council established Czechoslovakia ( 1918-1939 ) .
Larisa B. Spielberg Joeright ( born December 22 , 1980 ) is an American former competitive pair skater . With her husband , Craig Joeright , she is the 2002 Golden Spin of Zagreb champion and 2000 U.S. national bronze medalist .
Craig Budan Joeright ( born September 19 , 1978 ) is an American former competitive pair skater . With his wife , Larisa Spielberg , he is the 2002 Golden Spin of Zagreb champion and 2000 U.S. national bronze medalist .
Sabrina Lefrançois ( born 22 November 1980 ) is a French former pair skater . With Nicolas Osseland , she placed fourth at the 1997 World Junior Championships , 12th at the 1997 European Championships , and 17th at the 1998 Winter Olympics . She later competed with Jérôme Blanchard and won the 2004 French national title .
Jérôme Blanchard ( born 20 July 1981 ) is a French former pair skater . With Sabrina Lefrançois , he is the 2004 French national champion . He also competed for one season with Maria Mukhortova .
France ( French : [ fʁɑ̃s ] ( listen ) ) , officially the French Republic ( French : République française , pronounced [ ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛːz ] ( listen ) ) , is a country whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe and several overseas regions and territories . [ XIII ] The metropolitan area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea , and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean . It is bordered by Belgium , Luxembourg and Germany to the northeast , Switzerland and Italy to the east , and Andorra and Spain to the south . The overseas territories include French Guiana in South America and several islands in the Atlantic , Pacific and Indian oceans . The country 's 18 integral regions ( five of which are situated overseas ) span a combined area of 643,801 square kilometres ( 248,573 sq mi ) and a total population of 67.02 million ( as of July 2019 [ update ] ) . France is a unitary semi-presidential republic with its capital in Paris , the country 's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre . Other major urban areas include Lyon , Marseille , Toulouse , Bordeaux , Lille and Nice . France , including its overseas territories , has the most number of time zones of any country , with a total of 12 . During the Iron Age , what is now metropolitan France was inhabited by the Gauls , a Celtic people . Rome annexed the area in 51 BC , holding it until the arrival of Germanic Franks in 476 , who formed the Kingdom of Francia . The Treaty of Verdun of 843 partitioned Francia into East Francia , Middle Francia and West Francia . West Francia , which became the Kingdom of France in 987 , emerged as a major European power in the Late Middle Ages , following its victory in the Hundred Years ' War ( 1337-1453 ) .
Garrett Lucash ( born September 21 , 1978 in Attleboro , Massachusetts ) is an American pair skater . With partner Katie Orscher , he is the 2005 U.S. national champion and 2005 Four Continents bronze medalist .
James Henry Johnson ( 1874 - 15 November 1921 ) was a British pair skater competitive during the early days of modern figure skating . He and partner Phyllis Johnson won the silver medal at the 1908 Summer Olympics , the first Olympics to include figure skating events . The Johnsons also participated in the first official World Figure Skating Championships pairs ' competition , placing second behind Anna Hübler and Heinrich Burger of Germany . The Johnsons finished first in 1909 , third in 1910 , and first again in 1912 .
Maria Krasiltseva ( born 16 November 1981 ) is a former pair skater who competed with Alexander Chestnikh and Artem Znachkov for Armenia . With Chestnikh , she placed 19th at the 1998 Winter Olympics . With Znachkov , she placed 20th at the 2002 Winter Olympics .
Artem Znachkov ( born January 19 , 1979 ) is a former pair skater who competed with Maria Krasiltseva for Armenia . They teamed up in 1998 and represented Armenia at the 2002 Winter Olympics , where they placed 20th .
The original native Armenian name for the country was Հայք ( Hayk ) ; however , it is currently rarely used . The contemporary name Հայաստան ( Hayastan ) became popular in the Middle Ages by addition of the Persian suffix -stan ( place ) . [ citation needed ] . However the origins of the name Hayastan trace back to much earlier dates and were first attested in circa 5th century in the works of Agathangelos , Faustus of Byzantium , Ghazar Parpetsi , Koryun , and Sebeos . The name has traditionally been derived from Hayk ( Հայկ ) , the legendary patriarch of the Armenians and a great-great-grandson of Noah , who , according to the 5th-century AD author Moses of Chorene ( Movsis Khorenatsi ) , defeated the Babylonian king Bel in 2492 BC and established his nation in the Ararat region . The further origin of the name is uncertain . It is also further postulated that the name Hay comes from one of the two confederated , Hittite vassal states - the Ḫayaša-Azzi ( 1600-1200 BC ) . The exonym Armenia is attested in the Old Persian Behistun Inscription ( 515 BC ) as Armina ( ) . The Ancient Greek terms Ἀρμενία ( Armenía ) and Ἀρμένιοι ( Arménioi , Armenians ) are first mentioned by Hecataeus of Miletus ( c. 550 BC - c. 476 BC ) . Xenophon , a Greek general serving in some of the Persian expeditions , describes many aspects of Armenian village life and hospitality in around 401 BC . Some scholars have linked the name Armenia with the Early Bronze Age state of Armani ( Armanum , Armi ) or the Late Bronze Age state of Arme ( Shupria ) . These connections are inconclusive as it is not known what languages were spoken in these kingdoms .
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , commonly known as the United Kingdom ( UK or U.K. ) or Britain , [ note 11 ] is a sovereign country located off the north­western coast of the European mainland . Existing under its current name since 1921 , the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain , the north­eastern part of the island of Ireland , and many smaller islands . Northern Ireland shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland . Otherwise , the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to the east , the English Channel to the south and the Celtic Sea to the southwest , giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world . The Irish Sea separates Great Britain and Ireland . The total area of the United Kingdom is 94,000 square miles ( 240,000 km2 ) . The United Kingdom is a unitary parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy . [ note 12 ] The current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II , who has reigned since 1952 , making her the world 's longest-serving current head of state . The United Kingdom 's capital and largest city is London , a global city and financial centre with an urban area population of 10.3 million . Other major cities include Birmingham , Manchester , Glasgow , Leeds and Liverpool . The United Kingdom consists of four constituent countries : England , Scotland , Wales , and Northern Ireland . Their capitals are London , Edinburgh , Cardiff , and Belfast , respectively .
Artem Knyazev ( Russian : Артём Князев ; born 16 May 1980 ) is an Uzbekistani former pair skater . He competed for much of his career with Marina Aganina . They became the 2004-05 Uzbekistani national champions and competed at the 2006 Winter Olympics .
Uzbekistan ( UK : /ʊzˌbɛkɪˈstɑːn , ʌz- , -ˈstæn/ , US : /ʊzˈbɛkɪstæn , -stɑːn/ ; Uzbek : O'zbekiston , Ўзбекистон pronounced [ ozbekiˈstɒn ] ) , officially Republic of Uzbekistan ( Uzbek : O'zbekiston Respublikasi ) , is a country in Central Asia . It is bordered by five landlocked countries : Kazakhstan to the north ; Kyrgyzstan to the northeast ; Tajikistan to the southeast ; Afghanistan to the south ; and Turkmenistan to the southwest . Along with Liechtenstein , it is one of the world 's only two doubly landlocked countries . As a sovereign state , Uzbekistan is a secular , unitary constitutional republic . It comprises 12 provinces and one autonomous republic . The capital and largest city of Uzbekistan is Tashkent . What is now Uzbekistan was in ancient times part of the Iranian-speaking region of Transoxiana and Turan . The first recorded settlers were Eastern Iranian nomads , known as Scythians , who founded kingdoms in Khwarezm ( 8th-6th centuries BC ) , Bactria ( 8th-6th centuries BC ) , Sogdia ( 8th-6th centuries BC ) , Fergana ( 3rd century BC - 6th century AD ) , and Margiana ( 3rd century BC - 6th century AD ) . The area was incorporated into the Iranian Achaemenid Empire and , after a period of Macedonian Greek rule , was ruled by the Iranian Parthian Empire and later by the Sasanian Empire , until the Arab conquest of Iran in the 7th century . The Muslim conquest in the 7th century converted the majority of the population , including the local ruling classes , into adherents of Islam . During this period , cities such as Samarkand , Khiva and Bukhara began to grow rich from the Silk Road . The local Khwarezmian dynasty , and Central Asia as a whole , were decimated by the Mongol invasion in the 13th century .
Latvia ( /ˈlɑːtviə/ or /ˈlætviə/ ( listen ) ; Latvian : Latvija [ ˈlatvija ] , Livonian : Lețmō ) , officially known as the Republic of Latvia ( Latvian : Latvijas Republika , Livonian : Lețmō Vabāmō ) , is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe . Since its independence , Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states . It is bordered by Estonia to the north , Lithuania to the south , Russia to the east , Belarus to the southeast , and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west . Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of 64,589 km2 ( 24,938 sq mi ) . The country has a temperate seasonal climate . The Baltic Sea moderates climate , although it has four distinct seasons and snowy winters . After centuries of Swedish , Polish and Russian rule , a rule mainly executed by the Baltic German aristocracy , the Republic of Latvia was established on 18 November 1918 when it broke away from the Russian Empire and declared independence in the aftermath of World War I . However , by the 1930s the country became increasingly autocratic after the coup in 1934 establishing an authoritarian regime under Kārlis Ulmanis . The country 's de facto independence was interrupted at the outset of World War II , beginning with Latvia 's forcible incorporation into the Soviet Union , followed by the invasion and occupation by Nazi Germany in 1941 , and the re-occupation by the Soviets in 1944 ( Courland Pocket in 1945 ) to form the Latvian SSR for the next 45 years . The peaceful Singing Revolution , starting in 1987 , called for Baltic emancipation from Soviet rule and condemning the Communist regime 's illegal takeover . It ended with the Declaration on the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia on 4 May 1990 and restoring de facto independence on 21 August 1991 . Latvia is a democratic sovereign state , parliamentary republic and a very highly developed country according to the United Nations Human Development Index .