Ranked lists of Chilean regions
Table:
Includes owner-imputed rent income

Region
Gini coefficient
(per capita income)
Gini coefficient
(equivalised income)

Arica and Parinacota
0.385
0.350

Tarapacá
0.415
0.392

Antofagasta
0.417
0.382

Atacama
0.388
0.349

Coquimbo
0.390
0.369

Valparaíso
0.435
0.410

Santiago
0.489
0.456

O'Higgins
0.397
0.372

Maule
0.403
0.377

Biobío
0.400
0.375

Araucanía
0.432
0.414

Los Ríos
0.427
0.403

Los Lagos
0.423
0.399

Aisén
0.428
0.392

Magallanes
0.400
0.371

Chile
0.465
0.436

Based on the given table and the background passages listed.

Respond to the question below: What is the Gini coefficient ( per capita income ) whose region is one of Chile 's 16 first order administrative divisions ? Return your answer as JSON: {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Use only the information given.

The Arica y Parinacota Region ( Spanish : Región de Arica y Parinacota pronounced [ aˈɾika i paɾinaˈkota ] ) is one of Chile 's 16 first order administrative divisions . It borders Peru to the north , Bolivia to the east and Chile 's Tarapacá Region to the south . It is also the country 's newest region , created under Law No . 20,175 . It became operational on October 8 , 2007 . Chile 's former Tarapacá region was a former Peruvian province , which was occupied by Chile under the 1883 Treaty of Ancón at the close of the War of the Pacific , and then formally annexed in 1929 by the Treaty of Lima .
The Tarapacá Region ( Spanish : Región de Tarapacá , pronounced [ taɾapaˈka ] ) is one of Chile 's 16 first-order administrative divisions . It borders the Chilean Arica and Parinacota Region to the north , Bolivia 's Oruro Department on the east , the Antofagasta Region on the south and the Pacific Ocean on the west . The port city of Iquique ( 2002 pop . 216,419 ) is the region 's capital . Much of the region was once the Tarapacá Province of Peru , which was annexed by Chile under the 1883 Treaty of Ancón at the close of the War of the Pacific . The region was important economically as a site of intense saltpeter mining , before synthetic nitrate manufacturing became possible . A number of abandoned mining towns can still be found in the region . The present day Tarapacá Region was created in 2007 by subdividing the former Tarapacá Region under Law No . 20,175 , which was signed by President Michelle Bachelet in Arica .
The Antofagasta Region ( Spanish : Región de Antofagasta , pronounced [ antofaˈɣasta ] ) is one of Chile 's sixteen first-order administrative divisions . It comprises three provinces , Antofagasta , El Loa and Tocopilla . It is bordered to the north by Tarapacá and by Atacama to the south and is the second-largest region of Chile . To the east it borders Bolivia and Argentina . The capital of the region is the port city of Antofagasta , another important city being Calama . The main economic activity is copper mining in the giant porphyry copper systems located inland . Climate is extremely arid albeit somewhat milder near the coast . Nearly all of the region is devoid of vegetation except close to the Loa River or at oasises such as San Pedro de Atacama . Much of the inland is covered by salt flats , tephra and lava flows . The coast exhibits prominent cliffs . The region was sparsely populated by indigenous Changos and Atacameños until massive Chilean immigration in conjunction with a saltpeter boom in the later 19th century . The region used to be Bolivian until the War of the Pacific broke out in 1879 .
The Atacama Region ( Spanish : Región de Atacama , pronounced [ ataˈkama ] ) is one of Chile 's 16 first order administrative divisions . It comprises three provinces : Chañaral , Copiapó and Huasco . It is bordered to the north by Antofagasta , to the south by Coquimbo , to east with Provinces of Catamarca , La Rioja and San Juan of Argentina , and to the west by the Pacific Ocean . The regional capital Copiapó is located at 806 km ( 501 mi ) north of the country 's capital of Santiago . The region occupies the southern portion of the Atacama Desert , the rest of the desert is mainly distributed among the other regions of Norte Grande .
The Coquimbo Region ( Spanish : Región de Coquimbo , pronounced [ koˈkimbo ] ) is one of Chile 's 16 first order administrative divisions . It is approximately 400 kilometres ( 250 mi ) north of the capital , Santiago . The capital and largest city is La Serena , other important cities include the seaport Coquimbo and the agricultural centre Ovalle .
The Valparaíso Region ( Spanish : Región de Valparaíso , pronounced [ balpaɾaˈiso ] ) is one of Chile 's 16 first order administrative divisions . [ FN 1 ] With the country 's second highest population of 1,790,219 million in 2017 , and fourth smallest area of 16,396.1 km2 ( 6,331 sq mi ) , the region is Chile 's second most densely populated after the Santiago Metropolitan Region to the southeast . Its capital is the port city of Valparaíso , other important cities include Viña del Mar , Quillota , Quilpué , and San Antonio .
Santiago Metropolitan Region ( Spanish : Región Metropolitana de Santiago ) is one of Chile 's 16 first-order administrative divisions . It is the country 's only landlocked administrative region and contains the nation 's capital , Santiago . Most commercial and administrative centers are located in the region , including Chile 's main international airport , Arturo Merino Benítez . With an area of 15,403.2 km2 ( 5,947 sq mi ) and population over 7 million , it is Chile 's smallest by area , most populated and most densely populated region . It is also the country 's only region that does not have a Roman numeral identifier .
The Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region ( Spanish : Región del Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins pronounced [ liβeɾtaˈðoɾ xeneˈɾal βeɾˈnaɾðo oˈçiɣins ] ) , often shortened to O'Higgins Region , is one of Chile 's 16 first order administrative divisions . It is subdivided into three provinces . It is named in honour of Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme , one of Chile 's founding fathers . The Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region is bordered to the west by the Pacific Ocean , to the east by the Republic of Argentina , to the north by the Valparaíso and Santiago Metropolitan Regions , and to the south by the Maule Region . It extends approximately between the parallels of 33° 51 ' and 35° 01 ' south latitude , and between the meridian of 70° 02 ' west longitude and the Pacific Ocean . The capital and largest city of the region is Rancagua . The second major town is San Fernando .
The Maule Region ( Spanish : Región del Maule , pronounced [ ˈmau̯.le ] ) is one of Chile 's 16 first order administrative divisions . Its capital is Talca . The region derives its name from the Maule River which , running westward from the Andes , bisects the region and spans a basin of about 20,600 km2 . The Maule river is of considerable historic interest because , among other reasons , it marked the southern limits of the Inca Empire .
The Biobío Region ( Spanish : Región del Biobío [ ˌbi.oˈβi.o ] ) , is one of Chile 's sixteen first-order administrative divisions . With a population of 1.5 million people , it is divided into three provinces : Arauco , Biobío and Concepción . In the Bio Bio , Concepción is the capital and largest city . Other important cities include Coronel , Hualpén , Los Ángeles , and Talcahuano .
The Araucanía ( /ˌærɔːˈkeɪniə/ ARR-aw-KAY-nee-ə [ citation needed ] ) , Araucanía Region ( Spanish : Región de La Araucanía pronounced [ aɾau̯kaˈni.a ] ) is one of Chile 's 16 first-order administrative divisions , and comprises two provinces : Malleco in the north and Cautín in the south . Its capital and largest city is Temuco ; other important cities include Angol and Villarrica . Chile did not incorporate the lands of the Araucanía Region until the 1880s , when it occupied the area to end resistance by the indigenous Mapuche by both military and political means . This opened up the area for Chilean and European immigration and settlement . In the 1900-1930 period , the population of Araucanía grew considerably , as did the economy despite recessions striking the rest of Chile . Araucanía became one of the principal agricultural districts of Chile , gaining the nickname of granary of Chile . The administrative Araucanía Region was established in 1974 , in what was the core of the larger historic region of Araucanía . In the 21st century , Araucanía is Chile 's poorest region in terms of GDP per capita . About a third of the region 's population is ethnic Mapuche , the highest proportion of any Chilean region . The Araucanía Region has been the main location of the confrontations of the ongoing Mapuche conflict , as the Mapuche have pressed their land claims against the central government .
The Los Ríos Region ( Spanish : XIV Región de Los Ríos , pronounced [ loz ˈri.os ] , lit . Region of the Rivers ) is one of Chile 's 16 regions , the country 's first-order administrative divisions . Its capital is Valdivia . It began to operate as a region on October 2 , 2007 , having been created by subdividing the Los Lagos Region in southern Chile . It consists of two provinces : Valdivia and the newly created Ranco Province , which was formerly part of Valdivia Province .
Los Lagos Region ( Spanish : Región de Los Lagos pronounced [ loz ˈlaɣos ] , lit . Region of the Lakes ) is one of Chile 's 16 regions , which are first order administrative divisions , and comprises four provinces : Chiloé , Llanquihue , Osorno and Palena . The region contains the country 's second largest island , Chiloé , and the second largest lake , Llanquihue . Historically , the Huilliche have called this territory between Bueno River and Reloncaví Sound Futahuillimapu , meaning great land of the south . Its capital is Puerto Montt ; other important cities include Osorno , Castro , Ancud , and Puerto Varas . The mainland portion of Los Lagos Region south of Reloncaví Sound ( Palena Province ) is considered part of Patagonia . Los Lagos Region economy is dominated by the service sector but based in fishing , salmon aquaculture , forestry and cattle farming . Tourism is economically important in Andes where ski resorts , hot springs and recreational fishing are popular offers . The region hosts Monte Verde , one of the oldest archaeological sites of the Americas . The largest indigenous group of the region are the Huilliche who lived in the area before the arrival of the Spanish . The Spanish crown settled Chiloé Archipelago in 1567 while the rest of the region begun to be slowly colonized by non-indigenous people only in the late 18th century . In the 1850s Germans arrived to colonize the shores of Llanquihue Lake under a Chilean state-sponsored program .
The Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Region ( Spanish : Región de Aysén , pronounced [ ai̯ˈsen ] , or XI Región de Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo ) , often shortened to Aysén Region or Aisén , is one of Chile 's 16 first order administrative divisions . Although the third largest in area , the region is Chile 's most sparsely populated region with a population of 102,317 as of 2017 . The capital of the region is Coihaique , the region 's former namesake . The landscape is marked by several glaciations that formed many lakes , channels and fjords . The region contains icefields including the Northern Patagonian Ice Field and the Southern Patagonian Ice Field , the world 's third largest after those in Antarctica and Greenland . Laguna San Rafael National Park , reachable only by boat or plane , is one of the region 's most popular tourist destinations . Until the construction of Route 7 ( the Carretera Austral , or Southern Highway ) in the 1980s , the only overland routes from north to south through the region were extremely primitive tracks .
The Magallanes Region ( locally [ maɣaˈʝanes ] ) , officially the Magallanes and Chilean Antarctica Region ( Spanish : Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena ) , is one of Chile 's 16 first order administrative divisions . It is the southernmost , largest , and second least populated region of Chile . It comprises four provinces : Última Esperanza , Magallanes , Tierra del Fuego , and Antártica Chilena . Magallanes 's geographical features include Torres del Paine , Cape Horn , Tierra del Fuego island , and the Strait of Magellan . It also includes the Antarctic territory claimed by Chile . Despite its large area , much of the land in the region is rugged or closed off for sheep farming , and is unsuitable for settlement . 80% of the population lives in the capital Punta Arenas , a major market city and one of the main hubs for Antarctic exploration . The main economic activities are sheep farming , oil extraction , and tourism . It is also the region with the lowest poverty level in Chile ( 5.8% ) ; households in Magallanes have the highest income of any region in Chile . Since 2017 , the region has had its own time zone . It uses the summer time for the whole year ( UTC−3 ) .
Chile ( /ˈtʃɪli/ ( listen ) , /ˈtʃɪleɪ/ ; Spanish : [ ˈtʃile ] ) , [ nb 2 ] officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish : República de Chile ( help·info ) ) , is a South American country occupying a long , narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west . It borders Peru to the north , Bolivia to the northeast , Argentina to the east , and the Drake Passage in the far south . Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández , Salas y Gómez , Desventuradas , and Easter Island in Oceania . Chile also claims about 1,250,000 square kilometres ( 480,000 sq mi ) of Antarctica under the Chilean Antarctic Territory . [ nb 3 ] , The arid Atacama Desert in northern Chile contains great mineral wealth , principally copper and lithium . The relatively small central area dominates in terms of population and agricultural resources , and is the cultural and political center from which Chile expanded in the late 19th century when it incorporated its northern and southern regions . Southern Chile is rich in forests and grazing lands , and features a string of volcanoes and lakes . The southern coast is a labyrinth of fjords , inlets , canals , twisting peninsulas , and islands . Spain conquered and colonized the region in the mid-16th century , replacing Inca rule in the north and centre , but failing to conquer the independent Mapuche who inhabited what is now south-central Chile . After declaring its independence from Spain in 1818 , Chile emerged in the 1830s as a relatively stable authoritarian republic . In the 19th century , Chile saw significant economic and territorial growth , ending Mapuche resistance in the 1880s and gaining its current northern territory in the War of the Pacific ( 1879-83 ) after defeating Peru and Bolivia . In the 1960s and 1970s , the country experienced severe left-right political polarization and turmoil .