List of major crimes in the United Kingdom
Child killings -- 2000s–present
Table:
Date

Name

No. of
Deaths

Location

Details

2000
Murder of Victoria Climbié
1
London
8-year-old Ivorian girl, Victoria Adjo Climbié (2 November 1991 – 25 February 2000), was tortured and murdered by her guardians (including her aunt), who were found guilty of murder and jailed for life the following year. Her death led to a public inquiry and produced major changes in child protection policies in England.

2000
Murder of Sarah Payne
1
East Preston, West Sussex, England
Sarah Payne, a seven-year-old girl from Surrey, was abducted and murdered by convicted child sex offender Roy Whiting in Littlehampton, West Sussex, in July 2000. Her body was found 15 miles away just over two weeks later. Whiting was found guilty of her murder in December 2001 and sentenced to life imprisonment, with the judge saying that it was a rare case in which a life sentence should mean life. The trial judge's recommendation was later replaced by a 50-year minimum term by the Home Office, just before politicians were stripped of their powers to decide when or if a life sentence prisoner could apply for parole. Whiting's sentence has since been set at a 40-year minimum term by the High Court, which means that Whiting cannot be considered for parole until the age of 82. At the end of the trial, it was revealed that he already had a previous conviction for abduction and indecent assault on an eight-year-old girl in 1995, and that he was on the sex offenders register.

2000
Murder of Damilola Taylor
1
Peckham, London
While on his way from Peckham Library, 10-year-old Nigerian-born Damilola Taylor was found with a cut to his left thigh and bled to death within a half hour before arriving at a local hospital. Four teenagers were tried for murder in 2002 but cleared. A second trial in 2006 saw two other suspects - brothers Ricky and Gavin Preedie - found guilty of manslaughter and sentenced to eight years in prison, but both were released within four years.

2001
Torso in the Thames case
1
River Thames, London
A human torso discovered floating in the River Thames on 21 September 2001 was eventually revealed to be the remains of a recently arrived Nigerian boy, between the ages of four and seven. Although the child is thought to be a victim of a ritual killing, the London Metropolitan Police Service have yet to apprehend those responsible. The identity of the torso has never been established.

2001
Murder of Danielle Jones
1
East Tilbury, Essex, England
The conviction of 15-year-old Jones' uncle Stuart Campbell primarily relied upon forensic authorship analysis of text messages sent on the victim's mobile phone. Jones was last seen alive on 18 June 2001. Her body has never been found. Five months after her disappearance, police charged Campbell with murder. He was found guilty in December 2002 and sentenced to life imprisonment as well as 10 years for abduction. After the trial, controversy arose when it was revealed Campbell had prior convictions for indecent assault on other girls of similar ages. The use of forensic authorship analysis of text messages in the case provoked research into its use in other cases. Police also found bloodstained stockings, which had traces of DNA belonging to Campbell and his niece, in the loft of Campbell's house in Essex.

2002
Murder of Amanda Dowler
1
Walton-on-Thames, Surrey, England
13-year-old Amanda Dowler went missing on her journey home from school. Her body was discovered six months later in Yateley, Hampshire. The investigation gained national media coverage and was the largest investigation undertaken by Surrey police. Levi Bellfield, who had been convicted of two other murders and an attempted murder (all committed after Amanda's disappearance) in February 2008, was found guilty of the murder in June 2011 and received an additional life sentence. Shortly after Bellfield's trial, it was revealed that her mobile phone had been hacked by News of the World reporters a while after she went missing, and they had deleted text messages from her inbox, giving her parents false hope that she was still alive (it is believed that she died the same afternoon or evening that she went missing). These revelations, along with numerous other phone-hacking allegations, contributed to the newspaper's closure. Rupert Murdoch, owner of the News of the World, later awarded the Dowler family £3 million in compensation.

2002
Soham murders
2
Soham, Cambridgeshire, England
Two ten-year-old girls, Holly Wells and Jessica Chapman, were murdered by local school caretaker Ian Huntley after luring them into his home on 4 August 2002. The search for the two girls was one of the longest undertaken by British authorities. Their bodies were found two weeks after their disappearance and Huntley was jailed for life for the murders in December 2003. In September 2005, his minimum term was set at 40 years by the High Court, meaning that he cannot be considered for parole until at least 2042 at the age of 68. His partner, Maxine Carr, had been found guilty of perverting the course of justice and received a prison sentence of three-and-a-half years. She was released under a new identity in May 2004.

2003
Murder of Jodi Jones
1
Dalkeith, Midlothian, Scotland
Jodi Jones was a 14-year-old girl who was murdered by her teenage boyfriend, Luke Mitchell. She was brutally attacked and stabbed. He was subsequently jailed for life.

2004
Murder of Kriss Donald
1
Glasgow, Scotland
Kriss Donald was a white 15-year-old boy abducted, tortured and murdered by an Asian gang in a racist attack. Daanish Zahid became the first person in Scotland to be convicted of racially motivated murder in relation to the attack. Imran Shahid, Zeeshan Shahid, and Mohammed Faisal Mushtaq were also given life sentences. Zahid Mohammed received a 5-year sentence for abduction.

2007
Death of Baby P
1
London Borough of Haringey, North London
Peter Connelly (also known as "Baby P", "Child A" and "Baby Peter") was a 17-month-old boy who died in London after suffering more than 50 injuries over an eight-month period, during which he was repeatedly seen by Haringey Children's Services and NHS health professionals. His real first name was revealed as "Peter" on the conclusion of a subsequent trial of the child's mother's boyfriend on a charge of raping a two-year-old. His full identity was revealed when his killers were named after the expiry of a court anonymity order on 10 August 2009. His mother has since been released from prison. The case caused shock and concern among the public and in Parliament, partly because of the magnitude of Peter's injuries, and because he lived in the London Borough of Haringey, under the same child care authorities that had already failed ten years earlier in the case of Victoria Climbié. This had led to a public enquiry which resulted in measures being put in place in an effort to prevent similar cases happening.

2007
Murder of Rhys Jones
1
Liverpool, England
11-year-old Rhys Milford Jones was murdered on 22 August 2007 in Liverpool, England, when he was fatally shot in the neck. A local 18-year-old, Sean Mercer, received a life sentence for the murder in December 2008 and the trial judge recommended he should not be considered for parole for at least 22 years.

2008
Murder of Ben Kinsella
1
Islington, London
Ben Michael Kinsella, aged 16, was murdered by a gang of black teenagers in Islington after an argument in which he was described as "blameless". The significant media attention around his murder (the 17th stabbing death of a teenager in London during 2008) led to a series of anti-knife crime demonstrations, a raised profile for the government's anti-knife crime maxim "Operation Blunt 2", and a review and change of UK knife crime sentencing laws. The members of the gang were later jailed for life. His sister, Brooke Kinsella, an actress whose credits include a role in EastEnders, has since been at the centre of a media campaign against knife crime.

2010
Murder of Tia Rigg
1
Manchester, England
Tia Rigg was a 12-year-old girl who was murdered by her uncle, John Maden, who had an 'obsessive interest' in pornography depicting paedophilia, rape and torture. On 3 April 2010, Maden called Tia's mother on the pretext of having Tia come over to his house and babysit his 10-year-old daughter. When Tia arrived at Maden's home, he drugged her with Olanzapine, a powerful antipsychotic tranquilliser. He then inflicted a 'horrific catalogue of sexual injuries' on Tia before stabbing her in the stomach and strangling her with a ligature made from a guitar string. Maden then dialled 999 to admit the killing; when asked why, he said "because I felt like it". Arrested and charged with rape and murder, he pleaded guilty on 4 October 2010 and was sentenced to life; and was told that, due to the sheer depravity of his crime and the agony and terror Tia must have suffered, he should never be released.

2012
Murder of Daniel Pełka
1
Coventry, West Midlands, England
Pełka, aged 4, died of a head injury on 3 March 2012. His mother, Magdalena Łuczak and her partner, Mariusz Krężołek, both Polish nationals, were found guilty of his murder in 2013 and jailed for life, with a minimum term of 30 years. Łuczak and Krężołek starved the child, beat him, locked him in a room, force-fed him salt and waterboarded him. He weighed only 1st 3lbs (7.7 kg) - a similar weight to a baby less than a year old - when he died. A serious case review was held, as Social Services failed to act sufficiently on complaints from individuals, including staff at Daniel's school, who were concerned that he was being deprived of food. Both Łuczak and Krężołek died in prison within three years of their conviction.

2012
Allenton house fire
6
Allenton, Derby, Derbyshire, England
The Allenton house fire occurred on 11 May 2012 in 18 Victory Road, a residential street in Allenton. Six siblings were killed in the fire. The children's parents, Mick and Mairead Philpott, were later arrested and charged with murder, along with their friend Paul Mosley. In December 2012 their charges were downgraded to manslaughter. On 2 April 2013, Mick Philpott and Paul Mosley were found guilty by unanimous verdicts, while Mairead Philpott was found guilty by a majority verdict. Mosley was jailed for 11 years and the Philpotts both received life sentences.

2012
Murder of Tia Sharp
1
New Addington, London Borough of Croydon
Tia Sharp was a 12-year-old girl who was reported missing from the home of her grandmother, Christine Sharp, in New Addington, on 3 August 2012. When police discovered her body in the loft of the house seven days later, they arrested Christine Sharp and Stuart Hazell on suspicion of murder. Hazell was Christine Sharp's partner and a former boyfriend of Tia's mother, Natalie. Sharp was quickly eliminated from inquiries but Hazell was then charged with Tia's murder and five days into his trial at the Old Bailey the following year, changed his plea to guilty. He was sentenced to life imprisonment with a 38-year minimum term. It is believed that Hazell had become 'sexually fixated' with Tia, and that he smothered or strangled her when she said she was going to tell her mother after he tried to make sexual advances towards her.

2012
Murder of April Jones
1
Machynlleth, Powys, Wales
April Jones, a five-year-old girl from Machynlleth, disappeared on the evening of 1 October 2012, after being sighted willingly getting into a vehicle near her home. Her disappearance generated a large amount of press coverage, both nationally and internationally. Five days after she was last seen, a local man, Mark Bridger, was charged with April's abduction and murder. He was found guilty of all charges on 30 May 2013. He was sentenced to life imprisonment with a recommendation that he should never be released. April's body has never been found, but police found skull fragments and blood in Bridger's home, which was matched to April Jones and indicated that she had suffered "unsurvivable injuries" at the hands of 47-year-old Bridger.

2014
Murder of Breck Bednar
1
Grays, Essex, England
Breck Bednar was a 14-year-old boy who was murdered on 17 February 2014 in a flat at Rosebery Road in Grays, Essex. Lewis Daynes, 19, was due to stand trial at Chelmsford Crown Court on a charge of murder but admitted the offence before the jury was sworn. Daynes, a computer engineer, was believed to have met Bednar while playing online video games. In January 2015, he was sentenced to life imprisonment with a minimum term of 25 years.

2014
murder of Alice Gross
1
Hanwell, London
Alice Gross was a 14-year-old girl from Hanwell, west London, who went missing on 28 August 2014. The search for her was the largest deployment of Metropolitan Police officers in a search operation since the 7 July 2005 London bombings, involving 600 officers from eight forces. Police subsequently identified Latvian immigrant Arnis Zaļkalns as the prime suspect. He went missing from Ealing, London, on 3 September. Gross' body was found in the River Brent on 30 September. Four days later, Zalkalns' body was found in dense woodland in Boston Manor Park. The cause of his death was hanging. It was revealed that he had a previous conviction for murder in Latvia.

2015
Murder of Becky Watts
1
Bristol, England
Rebecca 'Becky' Watts was a 16-year-old student from Crown Hill in the St. George area of Bristol, who went missing on 19 February 2015 and whose dismembered body was found on 2 March in Barton Court.

Leveraging the following table and the relevant paragraphs listed below.

Solve the question: What is the location of the murder of the person who was a 12-year-old girl found dead in the home of her grandmother ? Respond with the correct answer (omit explanations) in JSON format as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Do not introduce information beyond the provided sources.

Victoria Adjo Climbié ( 2 November 1991 - 25 February 2000 ) , was tortured and murdered by her great-aunt and her great-aunts boyfriend . Her death led to a public inquiry and produced major changes in child protection policies in the United Kingdom . Born in Abobo , Côte dIvoire , left the country with her great-aunt Marie-Thérèse Kouao , a French citizen who later abused her , for an education in France , where they travelled , before arriving in London in April 1999 . It is not known exactly when Kouao started abusing Climbié , although it is suspected to have worsened when Kouao and Climbié met and moved in with Carl Manning , who became Kouao 's boyfriend . During the abuse , Climbié was burnt with cigarettes , tied up for periods of longer than 24 hours , and hit with bike chains , hammers and wires . Up to her death , the police , the social services department of four local authorities , the National Health Service , the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children ( NSPCC ) , and local churches all had contact with her , and noted the signs of abuse . However , in what the judge in the trial following Climbié 's death described as blinding incompetence , all failed to properly investigate the case and little action was taken . Kouao and Manning were convicted of murder and sentenced to life imprisonment . After Climbié 's death , the parties involved in her case were widely criticised . A public inquiry , headed by Lord Laming , was ordered . It discovered numerous instances where Climbié could have been saved , noted that many of the organisations involved in her care were badly run , and discussed the racial aspects surrounding the case , as many of the participants were black . The subsequent report by Laming made numerous recommendations related to child protection in England .
Ivory Coast , formally Côte d'Ivoire , [ a ] officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire , is a country located on the south coast of West Africa . Ivory Coast 's political capital is Yamoussoukro in the centre of the country , while its economic capital and largest city is the port city of Abidjan . It borders Guinea to the northwest , Liberia to the west , Mali to the northwest , Burkina Faso to the northeast , Ghana to the east , and the Gulf of Guinea ( Atlantic Ocean ) to the south . The official language of the republic is French , with local indigenous languages also being widely used that include Baoulé , Dioula , Dan , Anyin , and Cebaara Senufo . In total , there are around 78 different languages spoken in Ivory Coast . The country has large populations of Muslims , Christians ( primarily Roman Catholics ) and various indigenous religions . Before its colonization by Europeans , Ivory Coast was home to several states , including Gyaaman , the Kong Empire and Baoulé . The area became a protectorate of France in 1843 and was consolidated as a French colony in 1893 amid the European scramble for Africa . It achieved independence in 1960 , led by Félix Houphouët-Boigny , who ruled the country until 1993 . Relatively stable by regional standards , Ivory Coast established close political and economic ties with its West African neighbors while at the same time maintaining close relations to the West , especially France . Ivory Coast experienced a coup d'état in 1999 and two religiously-grounded civil wars , first between 2002 and 2007 and again during 2010-2011 . In 2000 , the country adopted a new constitution .
Sarah Evelyn Isobel Payne ( 13 October 1991 - c. 1 July 2000 ) , an 8-year-old school girl , was the victim of a high-profile abduction and murder in England in July 2000 . The subsequent investigation became a prominent case in the United Kingdom . Her murderer , Roy Whiting , was convicted in December 2001 and sentenced to life imprisonment .
East Preston is a village and civil parish in the Arun District of West Sussex , England . It lies roughly halfway between Littlehampton and Worthing . East Preston comprises the following residential areas , from east to west : Kingston Gorse , West Kingston , Angmering-on-Sea , East Preston Village and The Willowhayne .
West Sussex is a county in the south of England , bordering East Sussex ( with Brighton and Hove ) to the east , Hampshire to the west and Surrey to the north , and to the south the English Channel . West Sussex is the western part of the historic county of Sussex , formerly a medieval kingdom . With an area of 1,991 square kilometres ( 769 sq mi ) and a population of over 800,000 , West Sussex is a ceremonial county , with a Lord Lieutenant and a High Sheriff . Chichester in the south-west is the county town and the only city in West Sussex ; the largest towns are Crawley , Worthing and Horsham . West Sussex has a range of scenery , including wealden , downland and coastal . The highest point of the county is Blackdown , at 280 metres ( 919 ft ) . It has a number of stately homes including Goodwood , Petworth House and Uppark , and castles such as Arundel Castle and Bramber Castle . Over half the county is protected countryside , offering walking , cycling and other recreational opportunities .
Surrey ( /ˈsʌri/ SURR-ee ) is a county in South East England which borders Kent to the east , East Sussex to the southeast , West Sussex to the south , Hampshire to the west , Berkshire to the northwest , and Greater London to the northeast . With about 1.2 million people , Surrey is the twelfth most populous English county , the third most populous home county , after Kent and Essex , and the third most populous in the Southeast , after Hampshire and Kent . Surrey is a wealthy county . It has the highest GDP per capita of any English county , some of the highest property values outside Inner London , and also the highest cost of living outside the capital . It has the highest proportion of woodland of counties in England . It has four horse racing courses , and golf courses including the international competition venue at Wentworth . Guildford is popularly regarded as the county town , although Surrey County Council is based extraterritorially at Kingston upon Thames . Surrey is divided into eleven districts .
Child sexual abuse , also called child molestation , is a form of child abuse in which an adult or older adolescent uses a child for sexual stimulation . Forms of child sexual abuse include engaging in sexual activities with a child ( whether by asking or pressuring , or by other means ) , indecent exposure ( of the genitals , female nipples , etc . ) , child grooming , child sexual exploitation or using a child to produce child pornography . Child sexual abuse can occur in a variety of settings , including home , school , or work ( in places where child labor is common ) . Child marriage is one of the main forms of child sexual abuse ; UNICEF has stated that child marriage represents perhaps the most prevalent form of sexual abuse and exploitation of girls . The effects of child sexual abuse can include depression , post-traumatic stress disorder , anxiety , complex post-traumatic stress disorder , propensity to further victimization in adulthood , and physical injury to the child , among other problems . Sexual abuse by a family member is a form of incest and can result in more serious and long-term psychological trauma , especially in the case of parental incest . The global prevalence of child sexual abuse has been estimated at 19.7% for females and 7.9% for males . Most sexual abuse offenders are acquainted with their victims ; approximately 30% are relatives of the child , most often brothers , fathers , uncles , or cousins ; around 60% are other acquaintances , such as friends of the family , babysitters , or neighbors ; strangers are the offenders in approximately 10% of child sexual abuse cases . Most child sexual abuse is committed by men ; studies on female child molesters show that women commit 14% to 40% of offenses reported against boys and 6% of offenses reported against girls . The word pedophile is commonly applied indiscriminately to anyone who sexually abuses a child , but child sexual offenders are not pedophiles unless they have a strong sexual interest in prepubescent children . Under the law , child sexual abuse is often used as an umbrella term describing criminal and civil offenses in which an adult engages in sexual activity with a minor or exploits a minor for the purpose of sexual gratification .
Littlehampton is a town , seaside resort and pleasure harbour , and the most populous civil parish in the Arun District of West Sussex , England . It lies on the English Channel on the eastern bank of the mouth of the River Arun . It is 51.5 miles ( 83 km ) south south-west of London , 19 miles ( 31 km ) west of Brighton and 10 miles ( 16 km ) east of the county town of Chichester . The parish covers an area of 11.35 km2 ( 4 sq mi ) . The suburban area of the town has a population of approximately 55,000 . The conurbation includes other settlements : Wick in the north west ; Lyminster to the north ; and Rustington to the east . Wick and Toddington , which has a large business park , became part of the town in 1901 . Nearby towns include Bognor Regis ( WSW ) and Worthing to the east . The town is also the westernmost settlement of the 15th largest urban area in England and Wales , the Brighton/Worthing/Littlehampton conurbation , a region encompassing 474,485 people ( 2011 census ) . The South Downs National Park commences 3 miles ( 4.8 km ) north of the town : Littlehampton links to Amberley and Arundel by footpaths and railway as well as by roads .
The Home Office ( HO ) is a ministerial department of Her Majesty 's Government of the United Kingdom , responsible for immigration , security and law and order . As such it is responsible for policing in England and Wales , fire and rescue services in England , and visas and immigration and the Security Service ( MI5 ) . It is also in charge of government policy on security-related issues such as drugs , counter-terrorism and ID cards . It was formerly responsible for Her Majesty 's Prison Service and the National Probation Service , but these have been transferred to the Ministry of Justice . The Cabinet minister responsible for the department is the Home Secretary . The Home Office , which is considered to be one the Great Offices of State , continues to be known , especially in official papers and when referred to in Parliament , as the Home Department .
On 27 November 2000 , ten-year-old schoolboy Damilola Taylor was killed in England , in what became one of the country 's most high-profile killings . Several young boys were cleared of murder charges after a lengthy trial , and later two brothers were convicted of manslaughter .
Peckham ( /ˈpɛkəm/ ) is a district of South London , England , within the London Borough of Southwark . It is 3.5 miles ( 5.6 km ) south-east of Charing Cross . At the 2001 Census the Peckham ward had a population of 14,720 . Peckham was originally part of the parish of Camberwell in Surrey , which became the Metropolitan Borough of Camberwell within the County of London in 1889 . In 1965 , the borough was abolished and the area became part of the newly-created London Borough of Southwark .
Nigeria ( /naɪˈdʒɪəriə/ ( listen ) ) , officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria , is a country in West Africa , bordering Niger in the north , Chad in the northeast , Cameroon in the east , and Benin in the west . Its coast in the south is located on the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean . The federation comprises 36 states and 1 Federal Capital Territory , where the capital , Abuja , is located . The constitution defines Nigeria as a democratic secular state. , Nigeria has been home to a number of ancient and indigenous kingdoms and states over the millennia . The modern state originated from British colonial rule beginning in the 19th century , and took its present territorial shape with the merging of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate in 1914 by Lord Fredrick Lugard . The British set up administrative and legal structures while practicing indirect rule through traditional chiefdoms , Nigeria became a formally independent federation in 1960 . It experienced a civil war from 1967 to 1970 . It thereafter alternated between democratically elected civilian governments and military dictatorships until it achieved a stable democracy in 1999 , with the 2011 presidential election considered the first to be reasonably free and fair . Nigeria is often referred to as the Giant of Africa , owing to its large population and economy . With 206 million inhabitants , Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the seventh most populous country in the world . Nigeria has the third-largest youth population in the world , after India and China , with more than 90 million of its population under the age of eighteen . Nigeria is the world 's 20th largest economy as of 2015 [ update ] , worth more than $ 500 billion and $ 1 trillion in terms of nominal GDP and purchasing power parity , respectively .
Adam was the name police gave to an unidentified young boy whose torso was discovered in the River Thames in London , United Kingdom on 21 September 2001 . Investigators believe the boy was likely from southwestern Nigeria and that several days before his murder , he was trafficked to the United Kingdom for a muti ritual sacrifice . To date , nobody has been charged with Adam 's murder and his true identity remains unknown .
The River Thames ( /ˈtɛmz/ ( listen ) TEMZ ) , known alternatively in parts as the Isis , is a river that flows through southern England including London . At 215 miles ( 346 km ) , it is the longest river entirely in England and the second-longest in the United Kingdom , after the River Severn . It flows through Oxford ( where it is called the Isis ) , Reading , Henley-on-Thames and Windsor . The lower reaches of the river are called the Tideway , derived from its long tidal reach up to Teddington Lock . It rises at Thames Head in Gloucestershire , and flows into the North Sea via the Thames Estuary . The Thames drains the whole of Greater London . Its tidal section , reaching up to Teddington Lock , includes most of its London stretch and has a rise and fall of 23 feet ( 7 m ) . Running through some of the driest parts of mainland Britain and heavily abstracted for drinking water , the Thames ' discharge is low considering its length and breadth : the Severn has a discharge almost twice as large on average despite having a smaller drainage basin . In Scotland , the Tay achieves more than double the Thames ' average discharge from a drainage basin that is 60% smaller . Along its course are 45 navigation locks with accompanying weirs . Its catchment area covers a large part of south-eastern and a small part of western England ; the river is fed by at least 50 named tributaries . The river contains over 80 islands .
The torso or trunk is an anatomical term for the central part or core of many animal bodies ( including humans ) from which extend the neck and limbs . The torso includes : the thoracic segment of the trunk , the abdominal segment of the trunk , and the perineum .
The murder of Danielle Jones ( 16 October 1985 - c. 18 June 2001 ) was an English murder case where no body was found and the conviction relied upon forensic authorship analysis of text messages sent on the victim 's mobile phone . Danielle Sarah Jones , was last seen alive on 18 June 2001 . Jones 's uncle , Stuart Campbell , a builder , was convicted of abduction and murder on 19 December 2002 . Campbell was sentenced to life imprisonment for murder as well as 10 years for abduction . After the trial , controversy arose when it was revealed Campbell had prior convictions for indecent assault on other girls of similar ages . The use of forensic authorship analysis of text messages in the case provoked research into its use in other cases .
East Tilbury is a village in the unitary authority of Thurrock borough , Essex , England and one of the traditional ( Church of England ) parishes in Thurrock .
Essex ( /ˈɛsɪks/ ) is a county in the southeast of England , northeast of London . One of the home counties , it borders Suffolk and Cambridgeshire to the north , Hertfordshire to the west , Kent across the estuary of the River Thames to the south , and London to the southwest . The county town is Chelmsford , the only city in the county . For government statistical purposes Essex is placed in the East of England region . There are three definitions of the extent of Essex , the widest being the Ancient County , the more usual being the smaller Ceremonial County and smallest being the administrative county - the area administered by the County Council and which excludes the two unitary authorities of Thurrock and Southend-on-Sea . The Ceremonial County occupies the eastern part of what was , during the Early Middle Ages , the Kingdom of Essex . As well as rural areas , the county also includes London Stansted Airport , the new towns of Basildon and Harlow , Lakeside Shopping Centre , the port of Tilbury and the borough of Southend-on-Sea .
On 21 March 2002 , Amanda Jane Milly Dowler , a 13-year-old English schoolgirl , was reported missing by her parents after failing to return home from school and not being seen since walking along Station Avenue in Walton-on-Thames , Surrey , that afternoon . Following an extensive search for her , her remains were discovered in Yateley Heath Woods in Yateley , Hampshire , on 18 September . On 23 June 2011 , Levi Bellfield , who was already serving three life sentences for the murders of Marsha McDonnell and Amélie Delagrange and the attempted murder of Kate Sheedy , was found guilty of abducting and murdering Dowler and sentenced to an additional whole-life tariff . On 27 January 2016 , Surrey Police announced that Bellfield had admitted to abducting , abusing and killing Dowler . Following their daughter 's death , Dowler 's parents established a charity called Milly 's Fund to promote public safety , and in particular the safety of the children and young people . The case generated debate over the treatment of victims and witnesses in court , after Dowler 's family criticised the way they were cross-examined during Bellfield 's trial . Dowler 's murder played a significant role in the News of the World phone-hacking scandal . In 2011 , media reported that News of the World reporters had accessed Dowler 's voicemail after she was reported missing , giving her parents hope she was still alive . The resulting outcry from the British public contributed to the closure of the newspaper and led to a range of investigations and inquiries into phone hacking and media ethics in British media . The case is notable for attracting more attention from the media when compared to other similar cases that happened at the same time ( such as the murder of Hannah Williams ) .
Walton-on-Thames is a market town on the right bank of the Thames in the Elmbridge borough of Surrey , England . The town itself consists mostly of affluent suburban streets , with a historic town centre of Celtic origin . It is one of the largest towns in the Elmbridge borough , alongside Weybridge . According to the 2011 Census , the town has a total population of 22,834 . It is around 15 miles from Central London , and is served by a wide range of transport links .
Yateley ( /ˈjeɪtli/ ) is a town and civil parish in the English county of Hampshire . It lies in the north-eastern corner of Hart District Council area . It includes the settlements of Frogmore and Darby Green to the east . It had a population of 21,011 at the 2001 census . The four wards that comprise Yateley and their 2001 populations are Yateley East ( 5,168 ) , Yateley North ( 5,078 ) , Yateley West ( 5,149 ) , and Frogmore & Darby Green ( 5,616 ) . The 2009 projection was 20,214 , according to the Hart District Council website . Yateley Town Council is one of the few local councils to have been recognised under the national 'Quality Council ' award scheme . In 2011 Hart district was named the UK 's most desirable place to live , and Yateley was mentioned on a BBC News article as one of the towns within the district . In 2014 , it was rated one of the most attractive postcode areas to live in England .
Hampshire ( /ˈhæmpʃər/ , /-ʃɪər/ ( listen ) ; postal abbreviation Hants . ) [ note 1 ] is a county in southern England . The county town is the city of Winchester . Its two largest cities , Southampton and Portsmouth , are administered separately as unitary authorities ; the rest of the county is governed by Hampshire County Council . First settled about 14,000 years ago , Hampshire 's history dates to Roman Britain , when its chief town was Winchester . When the Romans left Britain , the area was infiltrated by tribes from Scandinavia and mainland Europe , principally in the river valleys . The county was recorded in the 11th century Domesday Book , divided into 44 hundreds . From the 12th century , the ports grew in importance , fuelled by trade with the continent , wool and cloth manufacture in the county , and the fishing industry , and a shipbuilding industry was established . By the 16th century , the population of Southampton had outstripped that of Winchester . By the mid-19th century , with the county 's population at 219,210 ( double that at the beginning of the century ) in more than 86,000 dwellings , agriculture was the principal industry and 10 per cent of the county was still forest . Hampshire played a crucial military role in both World Wars . The Isle of Wight , historically part of Hampshire , became a separate ceremonial county in 1974 .
Yusuf Rahim ( born Levi Rabetts ; 17 May 1968 ) , better known as Levi Bellfield , is an English serial killer . He was found guilty on 25 February 2008 of the murders of Marsha McDonnell and Amélie Delagrange and the attempted murder of Kate Sheedy , and sentenced to life imprisonment . On 23 June 2011 , Bellfield was found guilty of the murder of Milly Dowler . On both occasions , the judge recommended that he should never be released from prison . He has since converted to Islam in prison .
The News of the World was a weekly national red top tabloid newspaper published every Sunday in the United Kingdom from 1843 to 2011 . It was at one time the world 's highest-selling English-language newspaper , and at closure still had one of the highest English-language circulations . It was originally established as a broadsheet by John Browne Bell , who identified crime , sensation and vice as the themes that would sell most copies . The Bells sold to Henry Lascelles Carr in 1891 ; in 1969 it was bought from the Carrs by Rupert Murdoch 's media firm News Limited . Reorganised into News International , a subsidiary of News Corporation , the newspaper was transformed into a tabloid in 1984 and became the Sunday sister paper of The Sun . The News of the World concentrated in particular on celebrity scoops , gossip and populist news . Its somewhat prurient focus on sex scandals gained it the nickname News of the Screws . In its last decade it had a reputation for exposing celebrities ' drug use , sexual peccadilloes , or criminal acts , by using insiders and journalists in disguise to provide video or photographic evidence , and covert phone hacking in ongoing police investigations . Sales averaged 2,812,005 copies per week in October 2010 . From 2006 , allegations of phone hacking began to engulf the newspaper . These culminated in the revelation on 4 July 2011 that , nearly a decade earlier , a private investigator hired by the newspaper had intercepted the voicemail of missing British teenager Milly Dowler , who was later found murdered . Amid a public backlash and the withdrawal of advertising , News International announced the closure of the newspaper on 7 July 2011 .
Keith Rupert Murdoch , AC , KCSG ( born 11 March 1931 ) is an Australian-born American media mogul who founded News Corp. Murdoch 's father , Sir Keith Murdoch , was a reporter and editor who became a senior executive of The Herald and Weekly Times publishing company , covering all Australian states except New South Wales . After his father 's death in 1952 , Murdoch declined to join his late father 's registered media public company and created his own private company , News Limited . In the 1950s and 1960s , Murdoch acquired a number of newspapers in Australia and New Zealand before expanding into the United Kingdom in 1969 , taking over the News of the World , followed closely by The Sun . In 1974 , Murdoch moved to New York City , to expand into the U.S. market ; however , he retained interests in Australia and Britain . In 1981 , Murdoch bought The Times , his first British broadsheet and , in 1985 , became a naturalized U.S. citizen , giving up his Australian citizenship , to satisfy the legal requirement for U.S. television network ownership . In 1986 , keen to adopt newer electronic publishing technologies , Murdoch consolidated his UK printing operations in Wapping , causing bitter industrial disputes . His holding company News Corporation acquired Twentieth Century Fox ( 1985 ) , HarperCollins ( 1989 ) , and The Wall Street Journal ( 2007 ) . Murdoch formed the British broadcaster BSkyB in 1990 and , during the 1990s , expanded into Asian networks and South American television . By 2000 , Murdoch 's News Corporation owned over 800 companies in more than 50 countries , with a net worth of over $ 5 billion . In July 2011 , Murdoch faced allegations that his companies , including the News of the World , owned by News Corporation , had been regularly hacking the phones of celebrities , royalty , and public citizens . Murdoch faced police and government investigations into bribery and corruption by the British government and FBI investigations in the U.S. On 21 July 2012 , Murdoch resigned as a director of News International . On 1 July 2015 , Murdoch left his post as CEO of 21st Century Fox .
The Soham Murders are the murders of two 10-year-old girls which occurred in Soham , Cambridgeshire , England , on 4 August 2002 . The victims , Holly Marie Wells and Jessica Aimee Chapman , were lured into the home of a local resident , Ian Kevin Huntley , who subsequently murdered the children - likely via asphyxiation - before disposing of their bodies in an irrigation ditch close to RAF Lakenheath , Suffolk . The girls ' bodies were discovered on 17 August 2002 . Ian Huntley was convicted of the murder of both girls on 17 December 2003 and sentenced to two terms of life imprisonment , with the High Court later imposing a minimum term of 40 years . His girlfriend , Maxine Ann Carr - the girls ' teaching assistant - had knowingly provided Huntley with a false alibi . She received a three-and-a-half year prison sentence for conspiring with Huntley to pervert the course of justice . The efforts made to locate Holly Wells and Jessica Chapman in the thirteen days of their disappearance have been described as one of the most intense and extensive in British criminal history .
Soham ( /ˈsoʊəm/ SOH-əm ) is a town and civil parish in east Cambridgeshire , England , just off the A142 between Ely and Newmarket . Its population was 10,860 at the 2011 census .
Cambridgeshire ( abbreviated Cambs . ) [ note 1 ] is a county in the East of England , bordering Lincolnshire to the north , Norfolk to the north-east , Suffolk to the east , Essex and Hertfordshire to the south , and Bedfordshire and Northamptonshire to the west . The city of Cambridge is the county town . Modern Cambridgeshire was formed in 1974 as an amalgamation of the counties of Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely and Huntingdon and Peterborough , the former covering the historic county of Cambridgeshire ( including the Isle of Ely ) and the latter covering the historic county of Huntingdonshire and the Soke of Peterborough , historically part of Northamptonshire . It contains most of the region known as Silicon Fen . Local government is divided between Cambridgeshire County Council and Peterborough City Council , which , since 1998 , forms a separate unitary authority . Under the county council , there are five district councils , Cambridge City Council , South Cambridgeshire District Council , East Cambridgeshire District Council , Huntingdonshire District Council and Fenland District Council .
High court usually refers to the superior court of a country or state . In some countries , it is the highest court ( for example , Australia ) . In others , it is positioned lower in the hierarchy of courts ( for example , England and India ) . A person who presides as a judge in such a court may be called a High Court judge . '
The Soham Murders are the murders of two 10-year-old girls which occurred in Soham , Cambridgeshire , England , on 4 August 2002 . The victims , Holly Marie Wells and Jessica Aimee Chapman , were lured into the home of a local resident , Ian Kevin Huntley , who subsequently murdered the children - likely via asphyxiation - before disposing of their bodies in an irrigation ditch close to RAF Lakenheath , Suffolk . The girls ' bodies were discovered on 17 August 2002 . Ian Huntley was convicted of the murder of both girls on 17 December 2003 and sentenced to two terms of life imprisonment , with the High Court later imposing a minimum term of 40 years . His girlfriend , Maxine Ann Carr - the girls ' teaching assistant - had knowingly provided Huntley with a false alibi . She received a three-and-a-half year prison sentence for conspiring with Huntley to pervert the course of justice . The efforts made to locate Holly Wells and Jessica Chapman in the thirteen days of their disappearance have been described as one of the most intense and extensive in British criminal history .
The murder of Jodi Jones , a 14-year-old girl , took place in Easthouses , Scotland on 30 June 2003 . Her 15-year-old boyfriend , Luke Mitchell , came under suspicion , but it was several months before he was arrested . Mitchell was tried for the murder and after Scotland 's longest single-accused trial , Mitchell was convicted in January 2005 . ( Prior to the trial of Malcolm Webster which surpassed Mitchells case as the longest single-accused trial ) . He was sentenced to detention without limit of time with a minimum of 20 years even though there was no DNA evidence . Luke continues to protest his innocence and has insisted he will only walk out of jail a free man . He will not accept liability for early release or parole . Luke and his mother passed a lie ditector test regarding Jones 's death .
Dalkeith ( /dælˈkiːθ/ dal-KEETH ; Scottish Gaelic : Dail Cheith ) is a town in Midlothian , Scotland , on the River Esk . It was granted a burgh of barony in 1401 and a burgh of regality in 1540 . The settlement of Dalkeith grew southwestwards from its 12th-century castle ( now Dalkeith Palace ) . Dalkeith has a population of 12,342 people according to the 2011 census . The town is divided into four distinct areas : Dalkeith proper with its town centre and historic core ; Eskbank ( considered to be the well-heeled neighbourhood of Dalkeith with many large Victorian and newer houses ) to its west ; Woodburn ( primarily a working class council estate with pockets of new housing developments ) to its east ; and Newbattle ( a semi-rural village with its abbey ) to the south . Dalkeith is the main administrative centre for Midlothian . It is twinned with Jarnac , France . In 2004 , Midlothian Council re-paved Jarnac Court in honour of Dalkeith and Jarnac 's long standing link . On the north-eastern edge of Dalkeith at Woodburn is the Dalkeith Campus ( completed 2003 ) - housing both Dalkeith High School and St David 's Roman Catholic High School plus community leisure facilities .
Midlothian ( /mɪdˈloʊðiən/ ; Scottish Gaelic : Meadhan Lodainn ) is a historic county , registration county , lieutenancy area and one of 32 council areas of Scotland used for local government . Midlothian lies in the east-central Lowlands , bordering the City of Edinburgh , East Lothian and the Scottish Borders . Midlothian emerged as a county in the Middle Ages under larger boundaries than the modern council area , including Edinburgh itself - and also known as Edinburghshire until 1921 . It bordered West Lothian to the west , Lanarkshire , Peeblesshire and Selkirkshire to the south , and East Lothian , Berwickshire and Roxburghshire to the east . Traditional industries included mining , agriculture and fishing - although the modern council area is now landlocked . Under local government reforms in 1975 , Midlothian became a district council within the Lothian region and in 1996 the current unitary council area was created . It contains the towns of Dalkeith , Bonnyrigg and Penicuik , as well as a portion of the Pentland Hills Regional Park , Roslin Chapel and Dalkeith Palace .
Kriss Donald ( 2 July 1988 - 15 March 2004 ) was a 15-year-old white Scottish boy who was kidnapped and murdered in Glasgow in 2004 by a gang of men of Pakistani origin ( though locally raised ) , some of whom fled to Pakistan after the crime . Daanish Zahid , Imran Shahid , Zeeshan Shahid and Mohammed Faisal Mustaq were later found guilty of racially motivated murder and sentenced to life imprisonment . The case , which featured the first-ever conviction for racially motivated murder in Scotland , is cited in two newspaper articles as an example of the lack of attention the media and society give to white sufferers of racist attacks compared to that given to ethnic minorities . It is also suggested the crime demonstrates how society has been forced to redefine racism so as to no longer exclude white victims .
Glasgow ( /ˈɡlæzɡoʊ/ , also UK : /ˈɡlɑːzɡoʊ , ˈɡlɑːsɡoʊ/ , US : /ˈɡlæsɡoʊ , ˈɡlæskoʊ/ ; Scots : Glesga [ ˈɡlezɡə ] ; Scottish Gaelic : Glaschu [ ˈkl̪ˠas̪əxu ] ) is the most populous city in Scotland , and the third most populous city in the United Kingdom , as of the 2017 estimated city population of 621,020 . Historically part of Lanarkshire , the city now forms the Glasgow City council area , one of the 32 council areas of Scotland ; the local authority is Glasgow City Council . Glasgow is situated on the River Clyde in the country 's West Central Lowlands . It is the fifth most visited city in the UK . Inhabitants of the city are referred to as Glaswegians or , informally , as Weegies . Glasgow is also known for the Glasgow patter , a distinct dialect of the Scots language that is noted for being difficult to understand by those from outside the city . Glasgow grew from a small rural settlement on the River Clyde to become the largest seaport in Scotland , and tenth largest by tonnage in Britain . Expanding from the medieval bishopric and royal burgh , and the later establishment of the University of Glasgow in the fifteenth century , it became a major centre of the Scottish Enlightenment in the eighteenth century . From the eighteenth century onwards , the city also grew as one of Great Britain 's main hubs of transatlantic trade with North America and the West Indies . With the onset of the Industrial Revolution , the population and economy of Glasgow and the surrounding region expanded rapidly to become one of the world 's pre-eminent centres of chemicals , textiles and engineering ; most notably in the shipbuilding and marine engineering industry , which produced many innovative and famous vessels . Glasgow was the Second City of the British Empire for much of the Victorian era and Edwardian period , although many cities argue the title was theirs . In the late 19th and early 20th centuries , Glasgow 's population grew rapidly , reaching a peak of 1,127,825 people in 1938 .
Peter Connelly ( also known as Baby P , Child A , and Baby Peter ) was a 17-month-old English boy who died in London in 2007 after suffering more than fifty injuries over an eight-month period , during which he was repeatedly seen by the London Borough of Haringey Children 's services and National Health Service ( NHS ) health professionals . Baby P 's real first name was revealed as Peter on the conclusion of a subsequent trial of Peter 's mother 's boyfriend on a charge of raping a two-year-old . His full identity was revealed when his killers were named after the expiry of a court anonymity order on 10 August 2009 . The case caused shock and concern among the public and in Parliament , partly because of the magnitude of Peter 's injuries , and partly because Peter had lived in the London Borough of Haringey , North London , under the same child welfare authorities that had already failed seven years earlier in the case of Victoria Climbié leading to a public inquiry which resulted in measures being put in place in an effort to prevent similar cases happening . Peter 's mother Tracey Connelly , her boyfriend Steven Barker , and Jason Owen ( later revealed to be the brother of Barker ) were all convicted of causing or allowing the death of a child , the mother having pleaded guilty to the charge . A court order issued by the High Court in England had prevented the publication of the identity of Baby P ; this was lifted on 1 May 2009 by Justice Coleridge . An order sought by Haringey Council to stop publication of the identities of his mother and her boyfriend was granted , but expired on 10 August 2009 . The child protection services of Haringey and other agencies were widely criticised . Following the conviction , three inquiries and a nationwide review of social service care were launched , and the Head of Children 's Services at Haringey was removed at the direction of the government minister . Another nationwide review was conducted by Lord Laming into his own recommendations concerning Victoria Climbié 's killing in 2000 . The death was also the subject of debate in the House of Commons .
The London Borough of Haringey ( pronounced /ˈhærɪŋɡeɪ/ ( listen ) HARR-ing-gay , same as Harringay ) is a London borough in North London , classified by some definitions as part of Inner London , and by others as part of Outer London . It was created in 1965 by the amalgamation of three former boroughs . It shares borders with six other London boroughs . Clockwise from the north , they are : Enfield , Waltham Forest , Hackney , Islington , Camden , and Barnet . Haringey covers an area of more than 11 square miles ( 28.5 km2 ) . Some of the more familiar local landmarks include Alexandra Palace , Bruce Castle , Jacksons Lane , Highpoint I and II , and Tottenham Hotspur Football Club . The borough has extreme contrasts : areas in the west , such as Highgate , Muswell Hill and Crouch End are among the most prosperous in the country ; in the east of the borough , some wards are classified as being among the most deprived 10% in the country . Haringey is also a borough of contrasts geographically . From the wooded high ground around Highgate and Muswell Hill , at 426.5 feet ( 130.0 m ) , the land falls sharply away to the flat , open low-lying land beside the River Lea in the east . The borough includes large areas of green space , which make up more than 25% of its total area .
North London is an informally and inexactly defined part of London , England , which covers some of the area of the capital lying north of the River Thames . It extends from Clerkenwell and Finsbury on the edge of the City of London financial district , to Greater London 's boundary with Hertfordshire . The term north London is used to differentiate the area from South London , East London and West London . Some parts of north London are also part of Central London . There is a northern postal area but this includes some areas not normally described as part of north London , while excluding many others that are .
Rhys Milford Jones ( 27 September 1995 - 22 August 2007 ) was murdered in Liverpool at the age of 11 when he was shot in the back . Sean Mercer , aged 16 at the time of the shooting , went on trial on 2 October 2008 , and was found guilty of murder on 16 December . Mercer was sentenced to life imprisonment serving a minimum of 22 years .
Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough in Merseyside , England . As of 2018 , the population is approximately 494,814 . Liverpool is the ninth-largest English district by population , and the largest in Merseyside and the Liverpool City Region . It lies within the United Kingdom 's sixth-most populous urban area . Liverpool 's metropolitan area is the fifth-largest in the United Kingdom , with a population of 2.24 million . Liverpool is on the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary , and historically lay within the ancient hundred of West Derby in the southwest of the county of Lancashire in North West England . It became a borough in 1207 and a city in 1880 . In 1889 , it became a county borough independent of Lancashire . Its growth as a major port was paralleled by the expansion of the city throughout the Industrial Revolution . Along with handling general cargo , freight , and raw materials such as coal and cotton , the city merchants were involved in the Atlantic slave trade . In the 19th century , it was a major port of departure for English and Irish emigrants to North America . Liverpool was home to both the Cunard and White Star Line , and was the port of registry of the ocean liners RMS Titanic , RMS Lusitania , RMS Queen Mary , and RMS Olympic .
Ben Michael Kinsella ( 27 October 1991 - 29 June 2008 ) was a 16-year-old student at Holloway School who was stabbed to death by three men in June 2008 in Islington . The significant media attention around his murder ( the 17th stabbing death of a teenager in London during 2008 ) led to a series of anti-knife crime demonstrations , a raised profile for the government 's anti-knife crime maxim Operation Blunt 2 and a review of UK knife crime sentencing laws .
Islington ( /ˈɪzlɪŋtən/ ) is a district in Greater London , England , and part of the London Borough of Islington . It is a mainly residential district of Inner London , extending from Islington 's High Street to Highbury Fields , encompassing the area around the busy High Street , Upper Street , Essex Road ( former Lower Street ) , and Southgate Road to the east .
Brooke Kinsella MBE ( born 1983 ) is a British actress , author and anti-knife crime campaigner . A graduate of the Anna Scher Theatre School , Kinsella has been acting since childhood . She has had various roles on television and in film . Her most notable role is that of Kelly Taylor , who featured in BBC 's long-running soap opera , EastEnders , between 2001 and 2004 . She has her own drama school called True Stars Academy . Kinsella 's family made headlines in the British press in 2008 following the murder of her half-brother , Ben , who was stabbed to death in June 2008 . After his death , hundreds of people protested along with Kinsella over knife fatalities in London .
EastEnders is a British soap opera created by Julia Smith and Tony Holland which has been broadcast on BBC One since 1985 . Set in Albert Square in the East End of London in the fictional Borough of Walford , the programme follows the stories of local residents and their families as they go about their daily lives . Initially there were two 30-minute episodes per week , later increasing to three , but since 2001 , episodes have been broadcast every weekday and only on special occasions on Wednesdays . Within eight months of the show 's launch , it reached the number one spot in BARB 's TV ratings and has consistently remained among the top rated series in Britain . In 2013 , the average audience share for an episode was around 30 per cent . Today , EastEnders remains a significant programme in terms of the BBC 's success and audience share , and also in the history of British television drama , tackling many dilemmas that are considered to be controversial and taboo issues in British culture and social life previously unseen on UK mainstream television . As of September 2019 [ update ] , EastEnders has won ten BAFTA Awards and the Inside Soap Award for Best Soap for 14 years running ( from 1997 to 2012 ) , as well as twelve National Television Awards for Most Popular Serial Drama and 11 awards for Best British Soap at the British Soap Awards . It has also won 13 TV Quick and TV Choice Awards for Best Soap , six TRIC Awards for Soap of The Year , four Royal Television Society Awards for Best Continuing Drama and has been inducted into the Rose d'Or Hall of Fame .
Tia Rigg ( 4 January 1998 - 3 April 2010 ) was a girl who was killed in Cheetham Hill , Manchester , England on 3 April 2010 . Twelve-year-old Rigg was tortured , raped and murdered by her maternal uncle , John Maden . On 4 October 2010 , 38-year-old Maden , who had pleaded guilty to the crime , was sentenced to life imprisonment with a recommendation that he should never be released , meaning that he will likely remain in prison until he dies . Sentencing , Mr Justice Keith said : This is one of those exceptional cases in which the only just punishment requires you to be imprisoned for the rest of your life .
Manchester ( /ˈmæntʃɛstər/ ) is a major city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester , England , with a population of 547,627 as of 2018 ( 5th most populous English district ) . It lies within the United Kingdom 's second-most populous urban area , with a population of 2.9 million , and second-most populous metropolitan area , with a population of 3.3 million . It is fringed by the Cheshire Plain to the south , the Pennines to the north and east , and an arc of towns with which it forms a continuous conurbation . The local authority for the city is Manchester City Council . The recorded history of Manchester began with the civilian settlement associated with the Roman fort of Mamucium or Mancunium , which was established in about AD 79 on a sandstone bluff near the confluence of the rivers Medlock and Irwell . It is historically a part of Lancashire , although areas of Cheshire south of the River Mersey were incorporated in the 20th century . The first to be included , Wythenshawe , was added to the city in 1931 . Throughout the Middle Ages Manchester remained a manorial township , but began to expand at an astonishing rate around the turn of the 19th century . Manchester 's unplanned urbanisation was brought on by a boom in textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution , and resulted in it becoming the world 's first industrialised city . Manchester achieved city status in 1853 . The Manchester Ship Canal opened in 1894 , creating the Port of Manchester and directly linking the city to the Irish Sea , 36 miles ( 58 km ) to the west . Its fortune declined after the Second World War , owing to deindustrialisation , but the IRA bombing in 1996 led to extensive investment and regeneration .
Tia Rigg ( 4 January 1998 - 3 April 2010 ) was a girl who was killed in Cheetham Hill , Manchester , England on 3 April 2010 . Twelve-year-old Rigg was tortured , raped and murdered by her maternal uncle , John Maden . On 4 October 2010 , 38-year-old Maden , who had pleaded guilty to the crime , was sentenced to life imprisonment with a recommendation that he should never be released , meaning that he will likely remain in prison until he dies . Sentencing , Mr Justice Keith said : This is one of those exceptional cases in which the only just punishment requires you to be imprisoned for the rest of your life .
Olanzapine , sold under the trade name Zyprexa among others , is an atypical antipsychotic primarily used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder . For schizophrenia , it can be used for both new onset disease and long term maintenance . It is taken by mouth or by injection into a muscle . Common side effects include weight gain , movement disorders , dizziness , feeling tired , constipation , and dry mouth . Other side effects include low blood pressure with standing , allergic reactions , neuroleptic malignant syndrome , high blood sugar , seizures , gynecomastia , erectile dysfunction , and tardive dyskinesia . In older people with dementia , its use increases the risk of death . Use in the later part of pregnancy may result in a movement disorder in the baby for some time after birth . Although how it works is not entirely clear , it blocks dopamine and serotonin receptors . Olanzapine was patented in 1971 and approved for medical use in the United States in 1996 . It is available as a generic medication . In the United States , the wholesale cost is less than US $ 0.25 per dose as of 2018 . In 2016 , it was prescribed more than 2 million times in the United States .
The murder of Daniel Pełka , aged 4 , occurred on 3 March 2012 in Coventry , England . His mother , Magdalena Łuczak ( 27 ) , and her partner , Mariusz Krężołek ( 33 ) , were found guilty of the murder on 31 July 2013 . Daniel 's death made headlines for months as it was evident that a number of opportunities had been missed to identify him as suffering severe abuse . On 2 August 2013 , both Łuczak and Krężołek were jailed for life with a minimum sentence of 30 years each . However , both died in prison within three years of being sentenced .
Coventry ( /ˈkɒvəntri/ ( listen ) KOV-ən-tree or /ˈkʌv-/ KUV- ) is a city , administrative centre and metropolitan borough in England and the United Kingdom . It is built on the River Sherbourne , which remains largely hidden by infrastructure , although it can be seen by the canal . Coventry has been a large settlement for centuries , although it was n't founded and given its city status since the Middle Ages , since then it has been one of the most important and largest cities of the country . The conurbation consists of the Coventry and Bedworth Urban Area , being the 20th largest in the country , and the city is governed by Coventry City Council . Historically part of Warwickshire , at the 2011 census Coventry had a population of 316,915 , making it the 9th largest city in England only and the 11th largest in the United Kingdom . It is the second largest city in the West Midlands region , after Birmingham , and although proximate to the West Midlands conurbation , it is just outside it . Coventry is 19 miles ( 31 km ) east-southeast of Birmingham , 24 miles ( 39 km ) southwest of Leicester , 11 miles ( 18 km ) north of Warwick and 94 miles ( 151 km ) northwest of London . Coventry is also the most central city in England , being only 11 miles ( 18 km ) south-southwest of the country 's geographical centre in Leicestershire and is located in the West Midlands . The current Coventry Cathedral was built after the majority of the 14th century cathedral church of Saint Michael was destroyed by the Luftwaffe in the Coventry Blitz of 14 November 1940 . Coventry motor companies have contributed significantly to the British motor industry . The city has three universities , Coventry University in the city centre , the University of Warwick on the southern outskirts and the smaller private Arden University , with its headquarters close to Coventry Airport . On 7 December 2017 , the city won the title of UK City of Culture 2021 , after beating Paisley , Stoke-on-Trent , Swansea and Sunderland to the title .
The West Midlands County is a metropolitan county and combined authority area in western-central England with a 2018 estimated population of 2,916,458 , making it the second most populous county in England after Greater London . It came into existence as a metropolitan county in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972 , formed from parts of Staffordshire , Worcestershire and Warwickshire . The county itself is a NUTS 2 region within the wider NUTS 1 region of the same name . The county consists of seven metropolitan boroughs : the City of Birmingham , the City of Coventry and the City of Wolverhampton , as well as the boroughs of Dudley , Sandwell , Solihull and Walsall . The metropolitan county exists in law and as a geographic frame of reference , and as a ceremonial county it has a Lord Lieutenant and a High Sheriff . Between 1974 and 1986 , the West Midlands County Council was the administrative body covering the county ; this was abolished on 31 March 1986 , and the constituent metropolitan boroughs effectively became unitary authorities . A new administrative body for the county ( and some of the district surrounding it as Non-Constituent members ) , the West Midlands Combined Authority , was created in June 2016 . Since May 2017 , the authority has been headed by a directly elected Mayor of the West Midlands , a position currently held by Andy Street of the Conservative Party . Other county-wide bodies include the West Midlands Police , the West Midlands Fire Service and Transport for West Midlands . The county is sometimes described as the West Midlands metropolitan area or the West Midlands conurbation or Greater Birmingham , although these have different , and less clearly defined , boundaries . The main conurbation , or urban area , does not include Coventry for example . The name West Midlands is also used for the much larger West Midlands region , which sometimes causes confusion , not surprising perhaps when geographically it is on the eastern side of the region , the western side comprising Shropshire and Herefordshire the southern side comprising Worcestershire and most of Warwickshire .
Poland ( Polish : Polska [ ˈpɔlska ] ( listen ) ) , officially the Republic of Poland ( Polish : Rzeczpospolita Polska [ c ] [ ʐɛt͡ʂpɔˈspɔlita ˈpɔlska ] ( listen ) ) , is a country located in Central Europe . It is divided into 16 administrative subdivisions , covering an area of 312,696 square kilometres ( 120,733 sq mi ) , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate . With a population of nearly 38.5 million people , Poland is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union . Poland 's capital and largest metropolis is Warsaw . Other major cities include Kraków , Łódź , Wrocław , Poznań , Gdańsk , and Szczecin . Poland is bordered by the Baltic Sea , Lithuania , and Russia 's Kaliningrad Oblast to the north , Belarus and Ukraine to the east , Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south , and Germany to the west . The history of human activity on Polish soil spans almost 500,000 years . Throughout the Iron Age the area became extensively diverse , with various cultures and tribes settling on the vast Central European Plain . However , it was the Western Polans who dominated the region and gave Poland its name . The establishment of Polish statehood can be traced to AD 966 , when Mieszko I , ruler of the realm coextensive with the territory of present-day Poland , converted to Christianity . The Kingdom of Poland was founded in 1025 , and in 1569 it cemented its longstanding political association with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania by signing the Union of Lublin . This union formed the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth , one of the largest ( over 1,000,000 square kilometres - 400,000 square miles ) and most populous countries of 16th and 17th century Europe , with a uniquely liberal political system which adopted Europe 's first written national constitution , the Constitution of 3 May 1791 .
A serious case review ( SCR ) in England is held after a child or vulnerable adult dies or is seriously injured under circumstances where abuse or neglect are thought to have been involved . Its purpose is to learn lessons to help prevent future similar incidents . Similar procedures in other countries of the UK are called child practice reviews in Wales , case management reviews in Northern Ireland , and significant case reviews in Scotland . An SCR should be held if abuse or neglect is suspected to have been involved , a child has died or been seriously harmed and if there are concerns about the way organisations or professionals worked together to safeguard the child .
Social services are a range of public services provided by the government , private , profit and non-profit organizations . These public services aim to create more effective organizations , build stronger communities , and promote equality and opportunity . Social services include the benefits and facilities like education , food subsidies , health care , police , fire service , job training and subsidized housing , adoption , community management , policy research , and lobbying .
The Allenton house fire occurred on 11 May 2012 at 18 Victory Road , a semi-detached house in a residential street in Osmaston ( reported by the press as being in Allenton ) , Derby , Derbyshire , England . Five children died at the scene , while the oldest later died in hospital . The parents of the children , Mairead and Mick Philpott , along with their friend Paul Mosley , were later arrested and charged with murder . In December 2012 their charges were downgraded to manslaughter . On 2 April 2013 , Mick Philpott and Paul Mosley were found guilty by unanimous verdicts , while Mairead Philpott was found guilty by majority verdict .
Allenton is a suburb of the city of Derby , England , situated about three miles south of the city centre . It is located between the suburbs of Osmaston , Boulton , Alvaston and Shelton Lock . Allenton is a busy part of the city of Derby , with a variety of modern shops , stores and other facilities , including free parking . The suburb has its own busy market every Friday and Saturday located on Osmaston Road .
Derby ( /ˈdɑːrbi/ ( listen ) DAR-bee ) is a city and unitary authority area in Derbyshire , England . It lies on the banks of the River Derwent in the south of Derbyshire , of which it was traditionally the county town . [ nb 1 ] Derby gained city status in 1977 , and by the 2011 census its population was 248,700 . Derby was settled by Romans - who established the town of Derventio - Saxons and Vikings , who made Derby one of the Five Boroughs of the Danelaw . Initially a market town , Derby grew rapidly in the industrial era . Home to Lombe 's Mill , an early British factory , Derby has a claim to be one of the birthplaces of the Industrial Revolution . It contains the southern part of the Derwent Valley Mills World Heritage Site . With the arrival of the railways in the 19th century , Derby became a centre of the British rail industry . Derby is a centre for advanced transport manufacturing , home to the world 's second largest aero-engine manufacturer , Rolls-Royce . Bombardier Transportation are based at the Derby Litchurch Lane Works and were for many years the UK 's only train manufacturer . Toyota Manufacturing UK 's automobile headquarters is south west of the city at Burnaston . To the east lies Nottingham , separated by the M1 motorway .
Derbyshire ( /ˈdɑːrbiʃər , -ʃɪər/ ) is a county in the East Midlands of England . A substantial portion of the Peak District National Park lies within Derbyshire , containing the southern extremity of the Pennine range of hills which extend into the north of the county . The county contains part of the National Forest , and borders on Greater Manchester to the northwest , West Yorkshire to the north , South Yorkshire to the northeast , Nottinghamshire to the east , Leicestershire to the southeast , Staffordshire to the west and southwest and Cheshire also to the west . Kinder Scout , at 636 metres ( 2,087 ft ) , is the highest point in the county , whilst Trent Meadows , where the River Trent leaves Derbyshire , is its lowest point at 27 metres ( 89 ft ) . :1 The River Derwent is the county 's longest river at 66 miles ( 106 km ) , and runs roughly north to south through the county . In 2003 the Ordnance Survey placed Church Flatts Farm at Coton in the Elms ( near Swadlincote ) as the furthest point from the sea in Great Britain . The city of Derby is a unitary authority area , but remains part of the ceremonial county of Derbyshire . The non-metropolitan county contains 30 towns with between 10,000 and 100,000 inhabitants . There is a large amount of sparsely populated agricultural upland : 75% of the population live in 25% of the area . [ citation needed ]
Michael Mick Philpott ( born 1956 ) is a British father who was found guilty of causing the deaths of five of his children and their half-brother by arson in May 2012 . Philpott , who had made several media appearances because of his benefits-funded lifestyle and polyamorous relationships , was sentenced to life imprisonment for their manslaughter . He had first come to prominence in the British media as a result of his large family ( having fathered seventeen children by various women ) , and his reliance on state benefits . In April 2013 , following an eight-week trial , he and his wife Mairead , together with their friend Paul Mosley , were found guilty of the manslaughter of the six children . Philpott was given a life sentence with a minimum term of fifteen years ' imprisonment . Psychologist Glenn Wilson described Philpott as clinically a psychopath and exhibitionist with antisocial personality disorder .
A hung jury or deadlocked jury is a judicial jury that can not agree upon a verdict after extended deliberation and is unable to reach the required unanimity or supermajority . This situation can occur only in common law legal systems , because civil law systems either do not use juries at all or provide that the defendant is immediately acquitted if the majority or supermajority required for conviction is not reached during a single , solemn vote .
The murder of Tia Sharp ( 30 June 2000 - 2-3 August 2012 ) was a high-profile case of child murder in the United Kingdom . The victim was a 12-year-old girl , Tia Sharp , who was reported missing from and later found dead in the home of her grandmother in New Addington , London , in August 2012 . After her body was discovered , police arrested her grandmother , Christine Bicknell , and Christine 's then-boyfriend , Stuart Hazell on suspicion of murder . Hazell was charged with Tia Sharp 's murder on 12 August . Five days into his trial at the Old Bailey in May 2013 , Hazell changed his plea from not guilty to guilty . He was sentenced to life imprisonment with the judge setting a minimum term of 38 years .
New Addington is an area of South London , England , within the London Borough of Croydon . It forms the south-eastern part of the town of Croydon , and is located close to the border with the London Borough of Bromley . It is also within the historic county of Surrey .
The London Borough of Croydon ( pronunciation ( help·info ) ) is a London borough in South London , part of Outer London . It covers an area of 87 km2 ( 33.6 sq mi ) . It is the southernmost borough of London . At its centre is the historic town of Croydon from which the borough takes its name ; while other urban centres include Coulsdon , Purley , South Norwood , and Thornton Heath . Croydon is mentioned in Domesday Book , and from a small market town has expanded into one of the most populous areas on the fringe of London . The borough is now one of London 's leading business , financial and cultural centres , and its influence in entertainment and the arts contribute to its status as a major metropolitan centre . The borough was formed in 1965 from the merger of the County Borough of Croydon with Coulsdon and Purley Urban District , both of which had been within Surrey . The local authority , Croydon London Borough Council , is now part of London Councils , the local government association for Greater London . The economic strength of Croydon dates back mainly to Croydon Airport which was a major factor in the development of Croydon as a business centre . Once London 's main airport for all international flights to and from the capital , it was closed on 30 September 1959 due to the lack of expansion space needed for an airport to serve the growing city . It is now a Grade II listed building and tourist attraction . Croydon Council and its predecessor Croydon Corporation unsuccessfully applied for city status in 1954 , 2000 , 2002 and 2012 .
The Central Criminal Court of England and Wales ( commonly called the Old Bailey , after the street on which it stands ) is a court in London and one of a number of buildings housing the Crown Court . Part of the present building stands on the site of the medieval Newgate gaol , on a road named Old Bailey that follows the line of the City of London 's fortified wall ( or bailey ) , which runs from Ludgate Hill to the junction of Newgate Street and Holborn Viaduct . The Old Bailey has been housed in several structures near this location since the sixteenth century , and its present building dates from 1902 , designed by Edward William Mountford . The Crown Court sitting at the Central Criminal Court deals with major criminal cases from within Greater London and in exceptional cases , from other parts of England and Wales . Trials at the Old Bailey , as at other courts , are open to the public ; however , they are subject to stringent security procedures .
April Sue-Lyn Jones ( 4 April 2007 - c. 1 October 2012 ) was a child murder victim in Wales , UK . April , from Machynlleth , Powys , Wales , who was aged five , disappeared on 1 October 2012 , after being sighted willingly getting into a vehicle near her home . Her disappearance generated a large amount of national and international press coverage . A 46-year-old local man , Mark Bridger , was subsequently arrested . On 30 May 2013 , Bridger was found guilty of April 's abduction and murder , in addition to perverting the course of justice . He was sentenced to life imprisonment , with the trial judge ordering that he never be released from prison .
Machynlleth ( pronounced [ maˈχənɬɛθ ] ( listen ) ) , sometimes referred to colloquially as Mach , is a market town , community and electoral ward in Powys , Wales and within the historic boundaries of Montgomeryshire ( Welsh : Sir Drefaldwyn ) . It is in the Dyfi Valley at the intersection of the A487 and the A489 roads . At the 2001 Census it had a population of 2,147 , rising to 2,235 in 2011 . Machynlleth was the seat of Owain Glyndŵr 's Welsh Parliament in 1404 , and as such claims to be the ancient capital of Wales . However , it has never held any official recognition as a capital . It applied for city status in 2000 and 2002 , but was unsuccessful . It is twinned with Belleville , Michigan . Machynlleth hosted the National Eisteddfod in 1937 and 1981 .
Powys ( /ˈpoʊɪs , ˈpaʊɪs/ ; Welsh : [ ˈpowɪs ] ) is a principal area and county , and one of the preserved counties of Wales . It is named after the Kingdom of Powys which was a Welsh successor state , petty kingdom and principality that emerged during the Middle Ages following the end of Roman rule in Britain .
The Murder of Breck Bednar took place on 17 February , 2014 , at a flat on Rosebery Road in Grays , Essex , England . Bednar , a 14-year-old boy from Caterham , Surrey , was killed by 18-year-old Lewis Daynes . Bednar knew Daynes only through online gaming and had never met him in person until he visited Daynes 's flat on the day of the murder . Daynes pleaded guilty to the crime , and was sentenced to life imprisonment with a minimum term of 25 years .
Grays ( or Grays Thurrock ) is the largest town in the borough and unitary authority of Thurrock in Essex and one of Thurrock 's traditional ( Church of England ) parishes . The town is approximately 20 miles ( 32 km ) to the east of London on the north bank of the River Thames , and 2 miles ( 3.2 km ) east of the M25 motorway . Its economy is linked to Port of London industries , its own offices , retail and Lakeside , West Thurrock .
Alice Poppy Madeleine Gross ( 14 February 2000 - c. 28 August 2014 ) was an English girl who was murdered in London . Gross suffered from anorexia , which was suggested by her mother and some mainstream media sources in the early days of the search for her as being related to her disappearance . She lived in Hanwell , west London , with her sister , Nina Gross , and parents , Jose Gross and Rosalind Hodgkiss . She went missing after leaving her home in Hanwell on 28 August 2014 . The search for her was the largest deployment of Metropolitan Police officers in a search operation since the 7 July 2005 London bombings . It involved 600 officers from eight forces . Gross 's body was found in the River Brent five weeks later , on 30 September .
Hanwell ( /ˈhænwɛl/ ) is a town in the London Borough of Ealing , in the historic County of Middlesex , England . It is about 1.5 miles west of Ealing Broadway and had a population of 28,768 as of 2011 . It is the westernmost location of the London post town .
Rebecca Marie Becky Watts ( 3 June 1998 - 19 February 2015 ) was a British student from Bristol who was murdered in 2015 at the age of 16 . In November 2015 , her step-brother , Nathan Matthews , was found guilty of her murder and sentenced to life imprisonment with a minimum term of 33 years , and his girlfriend , Shauna Hoare , was found guilty of manslaughter and sentenced to 17 years in prison . Both Matthews and Hoare were also convicted of conspiracy to kidnap , preventing the lawful burial of a body , perverting the course of justice and possession of two stun guns .
Bristol ( /ˈbrɪstəl/ ( listen ) ) is a city and county in South West England with a population of 463,400 . The wider district has the 10th-largest population in England . The urban area population of 724,000 is the 8th-largest in the UK . The city borders North Somerset and South Gloucestershire , with the cities of Bath and Gloucester to the south-east and north-east , respectively . South Wales lies across the Severn estuary . Iron Age hill forts and Roman villas were built near the confluence of the rivers Frome and Avon , and around the beginning of the 11th century , the settlement was known as Brycgstow ( Old English the place at the bridge ) . Bristol received a royal charter in 1155 and was historically divided between Gloucestershire and Somerset until 1373 when it became a county of itself . From the 13th to the 18th century , Bristol was among the top three English cities , after London , in tax receipts . Bristol was surpassed by the rapid rise of Birmingham , Manchester and Liverpool in the Industrial Revolution . Bristol was a starting place for early voyages of exploration to the New World . On a ship out of Bristol in 1497 John Cabot , a Venetian , became the first European since the Vikings to land on mainland North America . In 1499 William Weston , a Bristol merchant , was the first Englishman to lead an exploration to North America .
Dismemberment refers , in general terms , to the act of cutting , tearing , pulling , wrenching or otherwise removing the limbs of a living thing . It has been practiced upon human beings as a form of capital punishment , especially in connection with regicide , but can occur as a result of a traumatic accident , or in connection with murder , suicide , or cannibalism . As opposed to surgical amputation of the limbs , dismemberment is often fatal to all but the simplest of creatures . In criminology , a distinction is made between offensive dismemberment , in which dismemberment is the primary objective of the dismemberer , and defensive dismemberment , in which the motivation is to destroy evidence . In 2019 , Michael H. Stone , Gary Brucato and Ann Burgess proposed formal criteria by which dismemberment might be systematically distinguished from the act of mutilation , as these terms are commonly used interchangeably . They suggested that dismemberment involves the entire removal , by any means , of a large section of the body of a living or dead person , specifically , the head ( also termed decapitation ) , arms , hands , torso , pelvic area , legs , or feet . Mutilation , by contrast , involves the removal or irreparable disfigurement , by any means , of some smaller portion of one of those larger sections of a living or dead person . The latter would include castration ( removal of the testes ) , evisceration ( removal of the internal organs ) , and flaying ( removal of the skin ) . According to these parameters , removing a whole hand would constitute dismemberment , while removing or damaging a finger would be mutilation ; decapitation of a full head would be dismemberment , while removing or damaging a part of the face would be mutilation ; and removing a whole torso would be dismemberment , while removing or damaging a breast or the organs contained within the torso would be mutilation .