List of Scottish breeds
Extant breeds
Table:
Breed

Photo
Species
Date of Origin
Location of Origin
Status

Scottish Fold

Cat

1961

Coupar Angus

Rare[2]

Aberdeen Angus

Cattle

18th century

Aberdeenshire

Angus

Common[7]

Ayrshire Cattle

Cattle

prior to 1800

Ayrshire

Common[8][9]

Belted Galloway

Cattle

17–18th century

Galloway

Rare[10]

Galloway

Cattle

700–1100

Galloway

Established worldwide[11]

Highland Cattle

Cattle

Pre 19th century

West Highlands

Established worldwide[12]

Luing Cattle

Cattle

Post 1947

Luing

"Firmly established"[13]

Shetland Cattle

Cattle

700–1100

Shetland

At risk[14]

Scots Dumpy

Chicken

11th century

Highlands

Priority;[15] Rare[16]

Scots Grey

Chicken

16th century

Lanarkshire

Priority;[15] Rare[17]

Bearded Collie

Dog

16th century?

Scottish Borders?

Common[18]

Bloodhound

Dog

Middle Ages

France and Scottish Borders

Vulnerable Native Breed

Border Collie

Dog

pre 19th century

Scottish Borders

Common[19]

Border Terrier

Dog

c. 1790

Scottish Borders

Common[20]

Cairn Terrier

Dog

16th century–19th century.

Skye

Common[21]

Dandie Dinmont

Dog

mid 18th century or before

Skye and Scottish Borders

Vulnerable Native Breed[21][22]

Golden Retriever

Dog

19th century

Glen Affric

Common[23]

Gordon Setter

Dog

1820s

Moray

Vulnerable Native Breed[24]

Rough Collie

Dog

19th century

Scottish Highlands

Common[25]

Smooth Collie

Dog

19th century

Scotland

Vulnerable Native Breed

From the following table plus the relevant paragraphs provided.

Give the answer to the question: What was the date of origin of the breed that was known as lop-eared or lops ? Output only the correct answer as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Do not introduce information beyond the provided sources.

The Scottish Fold is a breed of domestic cat with a natural dominant-gene mutation that affects cartilage throughout the body , causing the ears to fold , bending forward and down towards the front of the head , which gives the cat what is often described as an owl-like appearance . Originally called lop-eared or lops after the lop-eared rabbit , Scottish Fold became the breed 's name in 1966 . Depending on registries , longhaired Scottish Folds are varyingly known as Highland Fold , Scottish Fold Longhair , Longhair Fold and Coupari .
The cat ( Felis catus ) is a small carnivorous mammal . It is the only domesticated species in the family Felidae and often referred to as the domestic cat to distinguish it from wild members of the family . The cat is either a house cat , a farm cat or a feral cat ; latter ranges freely and avoids human contact . Domestic cats are valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt rodents . About 60 cat breeds are recognized by various cat registries . The cat is similar in anatomy to the other felid species , has a strong flexible body , quick reflexes , sharp teeth and retractable claws adapted to killing small prey . Its night vision and sense of smell are well developed . Cat communication includes vocalizations like meowing , purring , trilling , hissing , growling and grunting as well as cat-specific body language . It is a solitary hunter , but a social species . It can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears , such as those made by mice and other small mammals . It is a predator that is most active at dawn and dusk . It secretes and perceives pheromones .
Coupar Angus ( /ˈkʊpər/ ( listen ) ; Gaelic : Cùbar Aonghais ) is a town in Perth and Kinross , Scotland , situated four miles south of Blairgowrie . The name Coupar Angus serves to differentiate the town from Cupar , Fife . The town was traditionally on the border between Angus and Perthshire , the town centre being in Perthshire . The Angus part was transferred to Perthshire in 1891 , but the town retained its name . It is located on the A94 Perth-Forfar road , although the town centre itself is now bypassed .
The Aberdeen Angus , sometimes simply Angus , is a Scottish breed of small beef cattle . It derives from cattle native to the counties of Aberdeenshire and Angus in north-eastern Scotland . The Angus is naturally polled and solid black or red , though the udder may be white . The native colour is black , but more recently red colours have emerged . The United Kingdom registers both in the same herd book , but in the United States they are regarded as two separate breeds : Red Angus and Black Angus . Black Angus is the most common breed of beef cattle in the US , with 332,421 cattle registered in 2017 . In 2014 , the British Cattle Movement Service named Angus the UK 's most popular native beef breed , and the second most popular beef breed overall .
Cattle , or cows , are the most common type of large domesticated ungulates . They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae , are the most widespread species of the genus Bos , and are most commonly classified collectively as Bos taurus . Cattle are commonly raised as livestock for meat ( beef or veal , see beef cattle ) , for milk ( see dairy cattle ) , and for hides , which are used to make leather . They are used as riding animals and draft animals ( oxen or bullocks , which pull carts , plows and other implements ) . Another product of cattle is dung , which can be used to create manure or fuel . In some regions , such as parts of India , cattle have significant religious meaning . Cattle , mostly small breeds such as the Miniature Zebu , are also kept as pets . Around 10,500 years ago , cattle were domesticated from as few as 80 progenitors in central Anatolia , the Levant and Western Iran . According to an estimate from 2011 , there are 1.4 billion cattle in the world . In 2009 , cattle became one of the first livestock animals to have a fully mapped genome .
Aberdeenshire ( Scots : Aiberdeenshire ; Scottish Gaelic : Siorrachd Obar Dheathain ) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland . It takes its name from the County of Aberdeen which has substantially different boundaries . The Aberdeenshire council area includes all of the area of the historic counties of Aberdeenshire and Kincardineshire ( except the area making up the City of Aberdeen ) , as well as part of Banffshire . The county boundaries are officially used for a few purposes , namely land registration and lieutenancy . Aberdeenshire Council is headquartered at Woodhill House , in Aberdeen , making it the only Scottish council whose headquarters are located outside its jurisdiction . Aberdeen itself forms a different council area ( Aberdeen City ) . Aberdeenshire borders onto Angus and Perth and Kinross to the south , Highland and Moray to the west and Aberdeen City to the east . Traditionally , it has been economically dependent upon the primary sector ( agriculture , fishing , and forestry ) and related processing industries . Over the last 40 years , the development of the oil and gas industry and associated service sector has broadened Aberdeenshire 's economic base , and contributed to a rapid population growth of some 50% since 1975 . Its land represents 8% of Scotland 's overall territory . It covers an area of 6,313 square kilometres ( 2,437 sq mi ) .
Angus ( Scottish Gaelic : Aonghas ) is one of the 32 local government council areas of Scotland , a registration county and a lieutenancy area . The council area borders Aberdeenshire , Dundee City [ disambiguation needed ] and Perth and Kinross . Main industries include agriculture and fishing . Global pharmaceuticals company GSK has a significant presence in Montrose in the north of the county . Angus was historically a county , known officially as Forfarshire from the 18th century until 1928 , bordering Kincardineshire to the north-east , Aberdeenshire to the north and Perthshire to the west ; southwards it faced Fife across the Firth of Tay ( essentially the same border as today minus Dundee ) . It remains a registration county and a lieutenancy area . In 1975 some of its administrative functions were transferred to the council district of the Tayside Region , and in 1995 further reform resulted in the establishment of the unitary Angus Council .
Ayrshire cattle ( IPA /ˈɛərʃər/ ) are a breed of dairy cattle from Ayrshire in southwest Scotland . The adult Ayrshire cow weighs from 450 to 600 kilograms ( 990-1,320 lb ) . Ayrshires typically have red and white markings ; the red can range from a shade of orange to a dark brown . They are known for their hardiness and their ability to convert grass into milk efficiently . The breed 's strengths today are traits of easy calving and longevity .
Ayrshire ( Scottish Gaelic : Siorrachd Inbhir Àir , pronounced [ ˈʃirˠəxk iɲiˈɾʲaːɾʲ ] ) is a historic county and registration county in south-west Scotland , located on the shores of the Firth of Clyde . Its principal towns include Ayr , Kilmarnock and Irvine and it borders the counties of Renfrewshire and Lanarkshire to the north-east , Dumfriesshire to the south-east , and Kirkcudbrightshire and Wigtownshire to the south . Like many other counties of Scotland it currently has no administrative function , instead being sub-divided into the council areas of North Ayrshire , South Ayrshire and East Ayrshire . It has a population of approximately 366,800 . The electoral and valuation area named Ayrshire covers the three council areas of South Ayrshire , East Ayrshire and North Ayrshire , therefore including the Isle of Arran , Great Cumbrae and Little Cumbrae . These three islands are part of the County of Bute and are sometimes included when the term Ayrshire is applied to the region . The same area is known as Ayrshire and Arran in other contexts .
The Belted Galloway is a traditional Scottish breed of beef cattle . It derives from the Galloway cattle of the Galloway region of south-western Scotland , and was established as a separate breed in 1921 . It is adapted to living on the poor upland pastures and windswept moorlands of the region . The exact origin of the breed is unclear , although the white belt for which they are named - and which distinguishes the breed from the native black Galloway cattle - is often surmised to be the result of cross-breeding with the similarly-coloured Dutch Lakenvelder breed . Belted Galloways are primarily raised for their quality marbled beef , although they are sometimes milked or kept for ornament .
Galloway ( Scottish Gaelic : Gall-Ghàidhealaibh , Latin : Gallovidia ) is a region in southwestern Scotland comprising the historic counties of Wigtownshire and Kirkcudbrightshire . A native or inhabitant of Galloway is called a Gallovidian . The place name Galloway is derived from the Gaelic i nGall Gaidhealaib ( amongst the Gall Gaidheil ) . The Gall Gaidheil , literally meaning Stranger-Gaidheil , originally referred to a population of mixed Scandinavian and Gaelic ethnicity that inhabited Galloway in the Middle Ages . Galloway is bounded by sea to the west and south , the Galloway Hills to the north , and the River Nith to the east ; the border between Kirkcudbrightshire and Wigtownshire is marked by the River Cree . The definition has , however , fluctuated greatly in size over history . A hardy breed of black , hornless cattle named Galloway cattle is native to the region , in addition to the more distinctive 'Belted Galloway ' or 'Beltie ' .
The Galloway is one of the world 's longest established breeds of beef cattle , named after the Galloway region of Scotland , where it originated , during the 17th century . It is now found in many parts of the world , being exported to Canada in 1853 , the US in 1882 and Australia in 1951 . The breed enjoyed success during the 1950s but this subsided during the foot and mouth crisis . Today , the breed is enjoying a revival due to the demands of the beef market . The breed is considered average size and has a thick coat due to the climate of their native Scotland .
Highland cattle ( Scottish Gaelic : Bò Ghàidhealach ; Scots : Heilan coo ) , also called long-haired Highland cattle , long-haired Scottish cattle , North Highland cattle , Scottish cattle , Scottish Highland cattle , and West Highland cattle , are a Scottish breed of cattle . They have long horns and long , wavy , woolly coats that are coloured red , ginger , black , dun , yellow , white , grey , silver ( white but with a black nose and ears ) , or tan , and they also may be brindled . Highlands are raised primarily for their meat . They originated in the Highlands and Outer Hebrides islands of Scotland and were first mentioned in the 6th century AD . The first herd book described two distinct types of highland cattle but crossbreeding between the two has brought about only one extant , registered type . They have since been exported worldwide . They are a hardy breed , having been bred to withstand the conditions in the Scottish Highlands . Their long hair gives the breed its ability to overwinter . Bulls can weigh up to 800 kilograms ( 1,800 pounds ) and cows can weigh up to 500 kilograms ( 1,100 pounds ) . Their milk generally has a very high butterfat content , and their meat , regarded as of the highest quality , is gaining mainstream acceptance as it is lower in cholesterol than other varieties of beef .
The Highlands ( Scots : the Hielans ; Scottish Gaelic : A Ghàidhealtachd [ ə ˈɣɛːəl̪ˠt̪ʰəxk ] , 'the place of the Gaels ' ) is a historic region of Scotland . Culturally , the Highlands and the Lowlands diverged from the later Middle Ages into the modern period , when Lowland Scots replaced Scottish Gaelic throughout most of the Lowlands . The term is also used for the area north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault , although the exact boundaries are not clearly defined , particularly to the east . The Great Glen divides the Grampian Mountains to the southeast from the Northwest Highlands . The Scottish Gaelic name of A ' Ghàidhealtachd literally means the place of the Gaels and traditionally , from a Gaelic-speaking point of view , includes both the Western Isles and the Highlands . The area is very sparsely populated , with many mountain ranges dominating the region , and includes the highest mountain in the British Isles , Ben Nevis . Before the middle of the 19th century the Highlands was home to a much larger population , but from circa 1841 and for the next 160 years , the natural increase in population was exceeded by emigration ( mostly to Canada , the United States , Australia and New Zealand , and migration to the industrial cities of Scotland and England . ) : xxiii , 414 and passim The area is now one of the most sparsely populated in Europe . At 9.1 per km2 ( 23.6 per square mile ) in 2012 , the population density in the Highlands and Islands is less than one seventh of Scotland 's as a whole , comparable with that of Bolivia , Chad and Russia . The Highland Council is the administrative body for much of the Highlands , with its administrative centre at Inverness . However , the Highlands also includes parts of the council areas of Aberdeenshire , Angus , Argyll and Bute , Moray , North Ayrshire , Perth and Kinross , Stirling and West Dunbartonshire . The Scottish highlands is the only area in the British Isles to have the taiga biome as it features concentrated populations of Scots pine forest : see Caledonian Forest .
Luing cattle ( pronounced ling cattle ) are a beef breed developed on the island of Luing in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland by the Cadzow brothers in 1947 . It was formed by first crossbreeding Beef Shorthorn with Highland cattle and then breeding the resulting progeny with Beef Shorthorns to produce an animal three quarters Beef Shorthorn , one quarter Highland . The breed of red-brown cattle are moderately sized and extremely hardy . The intent was to produce a good beef cow with the ability to raise a calf under adverse weather conditions . It was officially recognised as a breed by the British government in 1965 . The breed is still farmed today , mainly in Scotland but also in other areas of the world .
Luing ( Gaelic : Luinn ) is one of the Slate Islands , Firth of Lorn , in the west of Argyll in Scotland , about 16 miles ( 26 km ) south of Oban . The island has an area of 1,430 hectares ( 3,500 acres ) and is bounded by several small skerries and islets . It has a population of around 200 people , mostly living in Cullipool , Toberonochy ( Tobar Dhonnchaidh ) , and Blackmillbay .
Shetland cattle are a small , hardy cattle breed from the Shetland Isles of Scotland . They are noted for their use in crofting in Shetland , where they provided use for meat , milk and draft work ( pulling ploughs ) . Despite the rapid decline in crofting for a living , efforts to conserve this breed in the United Kingdom are mainly done by the Shetland Cattle Breeder 's Association . Like most breeds originating from Shetland , the cattle are smaller than most . This characteristic is attributed to the hard climate of their native environment . They are normally black and white in colour but there are smaller numbers in grey , red and dun .
Shetland ( Scottish Gaelic : Sealtainn ) , also called the Shetland Islands and formerly Zetland , is a subarctic archipelago in the Northern Isles of Scotland , situated in the Northern Atlantic , between Great Britain , the Faroe Islands and Norway . The islands lie some 80 km ( 50 mi ) to the northeast of Orkney , 170 km ( 110 mi ) from the Scottish mainland and 300 km ( 190 mi ) west of Norway . They form part of the division between the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the North Sea to the east . The total area is 1,466 km2 ( 566 sq mi ) , and the population totalled 23,210 in 2011 . The islands comprise the Shetland constituency of the Scottish Parliament . The local authority , Shetland Islands Council , is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland . The islands ' administrative centre and only burgh is Lerwick , which has been the capital of Shetland since taking over from Scalloway in 1708 . The largest island , known as Mainland , has an area of 967 km2 ( 373 sq mi ) , making it the third-largest Scottish island and the fifth-largest of the British Isles . There are an additional 15 inhabited islands . The archipelago has an oceanic climate , a complex geology , a rugged coastline and many low , rolling hills . Humans have lived in Shetland since the Mesolithic period . The early historic period was dominated by Scandinavian influences , especially from Norway .
The Scots Dumpy is a traditional Scottish breed of chicken . It is characterised by very short legs , so short that the body is a few centimetres from the ground ; as in other breeds of creeper chicken , this chondrodystrophy is caused by a recessive lethal allele . The Dumpy has at times been known by other names , among them Bakie , Corlaigh , Crawler , Creeper and Stumpy . There are both standard-sized and bantam Scots Dumpies . It is one of two Scottish breeds of chicken , the other being the Scots Grey .
The chicken ( Gallus gallus domesticus ) is a type of domesticated fowl , a subspecies of the red junglefowl ( Gallus gallus ) . They are one of the most common and widespread domestic animals , with a total population of more than 19 billion as of 2011 . There are more chickens in the world than any other bird or domesticated fowl . Humans keep chickens primarily as a source of food ( consuming both their meat and eggs ) and , less commonly , as pets . Originally raised for cockfighting or for special ceremonies , chickens were not kept for food until the Hellenistic period ( 4th-2nd centuries BC ) . Genetic studies have pointed to multiple maternal origins in South Asia , Southeast Asia , and East Asia , but with the clade found in the Americas , Europe , the Middle East and Africa originating in the Indian subcontinent . From ancient India , the domesticated chicken spread to Lydia in western Asia Minor , and to Greece by the 5th century BC . Fowl had been known in Egypt since the mid-15th century BC , with the bird that gives birth every day having come to Egypt from the land between Syria and Shinar , Babylonia , according to the annals of Thutmose III .
The Scots Grey is a dual-purpose breed of domestic chicken originating in Scotland , where it has been bred for more than two hundred years . It was formerly known as the Scotch Grey and until about 1930 was popular in Scotland . It is on the Native Poultry Breeds at Risk list of the Rare Breeds Survival Trust .
Lanarkshire , also called the County of Lanark ( Scottish Gaelic : Siorrachd Lannraig , Scots : Lanrikshire ) is a historic county in the central Lowlands of Scotland . Historically , Lanarkshire was the most populous county in Scotland , containing as it does most of Glasgow and the surrounding conurbation . In earlier times it had considerably greater boundaries , including neighbouring Renfrewshire until 1402 . Lanarkshire is bounded to the north by Stirlingshire and Dunbartonshire ( this boundary is split into two sections owing to Dunbartonshire 's Cumbernauld exclave ) , to the northeast by West Lothian and Mid Lothian , to the east by Peeblesshire , to the south by Dumfriesshire , and to the west by Ayrshire and Renfrewshire .
The Bearded Collie , or Beardie , is a herding breed of dog once used primarily by Scottish shepherds , but now mostly a popular family companion . Bearded Collies have an average weight of 18-27 kilograms ( 40-60 lb ) . Males are around 51-56 centimetres ( 20-22 in ) tall at the withers while females are around 51-53 centimetres ( 20-21 in ) tall .
The domestic dog ( Canis lupus familiaris when considered a subspecies of the wolf or Canis familiaris when considered a distinct species ) is a member of the genus Canis ( canines ) , which forms part of the wolf-like canids , and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore . The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated , which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct . The dog was the first species to be domesticated , and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors , sensory capabilities , and physical attributes . Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canids . Dogs vary widely in shape , size and colors . They perform many roles for humans , such as hunting , herding , pulling loads , protection , assisting police and military , companionship and , more recently , aiding disabled people and therapeutic roles . This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet of man 's best friend .
The Scottish Borders ( Scots : The Mairches , lit . The Marches ; Scottish Gaelic : Crìochan na h-Alba ) is one of 32 council areas of Scotland . It borders the City of Edinburgh , Dumfries and Galloway , East Lothian , Midlothian , South Lanarkshire , West Lothian and , to the south-west , south and east , the English counties of Cumbria and Northumberland . The administrative centre of the area is Newtown St Boswells . The term Scottish Borders is also used to designate the areas of southern Scotland and northern England that bound the Anglo-Scottish border .
The Bloodhound is a large scent hound , originally bred for hunting deer , wild boar and , since the Middle Ages , for tracking people . Believed to be descended from hounds once kept at the Abbey of Saint-Hubert , Belgium , it is known to French speakers as the Chien de Saint-Hubert . This breed is famed for its ability to discern human scent over great distances , even days later . Its extraordinarily keen sense of smell is combined with a strong and tenacious tracking instinct , producing the ideal scent hound , and it is used by police and law enforcement all over the world to track escaped prisoners , missing people , and lost pets .
Vulnerable Native Breeds are a group of dog breeds originating in the United Kingdom and Ireland , and identified by The Kennel Club ( KC ) as having annual registration numbers of 300 puppies or fewer within the UK . The need for such a list was first identified in June 2003 , with research conducted by the KC to identify the extent of the vulnerability and viability of each breed . It was a joint project , with the KC working with the British and Irish Native Breeds Trust , later to be known simply as the Native Dog Breeds Trust . The breeds on the list have been promoted at events such as Discover Dogs and Crufts , and by asking that owners of these breeds mate their dogs rather than having them spayed . The majority of the list come from the Terrier Group , a group mostly derived from breeds with backgrounds in the British Isles . The most marked drop in popularity is that of the Sealyham Terrier , which registered 1,084 breeds in 1938 , but by 2004 was registering only sixty dogs a year . In October 2011 , British magazine Country Life highlighted the breed on its front cover , with the heading SOS : Save our Sealyhams , [ deprecated source ] and launched a campaign to save the breed . The Otterhound , popular during the time of Henry VIII , has numbers of less than a thousand world wide and is described by the British & Irish Dog Breeds Preservation Trust as twice as rare as the Giant Panda . The list was originally compiled in January 2006 , and included 28 breeds . Later in 2006 , the Miniature Bull Terrier was added . In 2007 , after consultation with the breed clubs involved , the Bloodhound , Gordon Setter and King Charles Spaniel were re-classed as Viable rather than vulnerable . The English Setter is the newest addition to the list , having been added for the first time in 2012 .
The border collie is a working and herding dog breed developed in the Scottish borders for herding livestock , especially sheep . It was specifically bred for intelligence and obedience . It is very fetch-oriented . Considered highly intelligent , extremely energetic , acrobatic and athletic , they frequently compete with great success in sheepdog trials and dog sports . They are often cited as the most intelligent of all domestic dogs . Border collies continue to be employed in their traditional work of herding livestock throughout the world and are kept as pets .
The Border Terrier is a small , rough-coated breed of dog in the terrier group . Bred as a fox and vermin hunter , the Border Terrier shares ancestry with the Dandie Dinmont Terrier and the Bedlington Terrier . The Border Terrier was officially recognized by The Kennel Club in Great Britain in 1920 , and by the American Kennel Club ( AKC ) in 1930 . The border terrier was bred to have long enough legs to keep up with the horses and other foxhounds , which traveled with them , and small enough bodies to crawl in the burrows of foxes and chase them out so the hunters had a blank shot . The foxhounds that traveled with them were not small enough to do the Border terrier 's job . In 2006 , the Border Terrier ranked 81st in number of registrations by the AKC , while it ranked 10th in the United Kingdom . In 2008 , the Border Terrier ranked 8th in number of registrations by the UK Kennel Club . They were originally used for hunting in packs as they were exceptionally good at catching rabbits and any small animal . Now they are commonly seen as family pets .
The Cairn Terrier is one of the oldest terrier breeds , originating in the Scottish Highlands and recognized as one of Scotland 's earliest working dogs . The breed was given the name Cairn because the breed 's function was to hunt and chase quarry between the cairns in the Scottish highlands . Although the breed had existed long before , the name Cairn Terrier was a compromise suggestion after the breed originally was brought to official shows in the United Kingdom in 1909 under the name Short-haired Skye terriers . This name was not acceptable to The Kennel Club due to opposition from Skye Terrier breeders , and the name Cairn Terrier was suggested as an alternative . They are usually left-pawed , which has been shown in dogs to correlate to superior performance in tasks related to scent . Cairn terriers are ratters .
The Isle of Skye , commonly known as Skye ( /skaɪ/ ; Scottish Gaelic : An t-Eilean Sgitheanach or Eilean a ' Cheò ) , is the largest and northernmost of the major islands in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland . [ Note 1 ] The island 's peninsulas radiate from a mountainous centre dominated by the Cuillin , the rocky slopes of which provide some of the most dramatic mountain scenery in the country . Although it has been suggested that the Gaelic Sgitheanach describes a winged shape there is no definitive agreement as to the name 's origins . The island has been occupied since the Mesolithic period , and its history includes a time of Norse rule and a long period of domination by Clan MacLeod and Clan Donald . The 18th century Jacobite risings led to the breaking up of the clan system and subsequent Clearances that replaced entire communities with sheep farms , some of which also involved forced emigrations to distant lands . Resident numbers declined from over 20,000 in the early 19th century to just under 9,000 by the closing decade of the 20th century . Skye 's population increased by 4 per cent between 1991 and 2001 . About a third of the residents were Gaelic speakers in 2001 , and although their numbers are in decline , this aspect of island culture remains important . The main industries are tourism , agriculture , fishing and forestry . Skye is part of the Highland Council local government area . The island 's largest settlement is Portree , which is also its capital , known for its picturesque harbour . There are links to various nearby islands by ferry and , since 1995 , to the mainland by a road bridge .
A Dandie Dinmont Terrier is a small Scottish dog breed in the terrier family . The breed has a very long body , short legs , and a distinctive topknot of hair on the head . They are friendly but tough , and are suitable for interaction with older children . There are no breed-specific health concerns , but they can be affected by spinal problems due to their elongated body , and the breed is affected by canine cancer at a higher than average rate . The breed is named after a fictional character in Sir Walter Scott 's novel , Guy Mannering . This character , Dandie Dinmont , is thought to be partly based on James Davidson , who is credited as the originator of the modern breed . Davidson 's dogs descended from earlier terrier-owning families , including the Allans of Holystone , Northumberland . There are three breed clubs in the UK supporting the breed , although it is registered as a Vulnerable Native Breed by the Kennel Club due to its low number of puppy registrations per year .
The Golden Retriever is a medium-large gun dog that retrieves shot waterfowl , such as ducks and upland game birds , during hunting and shooting parties . The name retriever refers to the breed 's ability to retrieve shot game undamaged due to their soft mouth . Golden retrievers have an instinctive love of water , and are easy to train to basic or advanced obedience standards . They are a long-coated breed , with a dense inner coat that provides them with adequate warmth in the outdoors , and an outer coat that lies flat against their bodies and repels water . Golden retrievers are well suited to residency in suburban or country environments . They shed copiously , particularly at the change of seasons , and require fairly regular grooming . The Golden Retriever was originally bred in Scotland in the mid-19th century . The breed is a prominent participant in conformation shows for purebred dogs . The Golden Retriever is popular as a disability assistance dog , such as being a guide dog for the blind and a hearing dog for the deaf . In addition , they are trained to be a hunting dog , a detection dog , and a search and rescue participant . The breed 's friendly , gentle temperament means it is unsuited to being a professional guard dog , but its temperament has also made it the third-most popular family dog breed ( by registration ) in the United States , the fifth-most popular in Brazil and Australia , and the eighth-most popular in the United Kingdom . Golden Retrievers are rarely choosy eaters , but require ample ( two or more hours a day ) exercise .
Glen Affric ( Scottish Gaelic : Gleann Afraig ) is a glen south-west of the village of Cannich in the Highland region of Scotland , some 15 miles ( 24 km ) to the west of Loch Ness . The River Affric runs along its length , passing through Loch Affric and Loch Beinn a ' Mheadhoin . A minor public road reaches as far as the end of Loch Beinn a ' Mheadhoin , but beyond that point only rough tracks and footpaths continue along the glen . Often described as the most beautiful glen in Scotland , Glen Affric contains the third largest area of ancient Caledonian pinewoods in Scotland , as well as lochs , moorland and mountains . The area is a Caledonian Forest Reserve , a national scenic area and a national nature reserve , as well as holding several other conservation designations . The forests and open landscapes of the glen , and the mountains on either side , are a popular destination for hikers , climbers and mountain bikers .
The Gordon Setter is a large breed of dog , a member of the setter family that also includes both the better-known Irish Setter and the English Setter . Setter breeds are classified as members of either the Sporting or Gundog Group depending on the national kennel club or council . The original purpose of the breed was to hunt gamebirds . Their quarry in the United Kingdom , may be partridge or grouse , pheasant , ptarmigan , blackgame , snipe or woodcock : whilst overseas bird dogs are worked on quail , willow grouse , sand grouse , guinea fowl , sagehen , francolin and any other bird that will sit to a dog - that is to say , will attempt to avoid a potential predator by concealment rather than by taking to the wing at the first sign of danger . It is this combination of a bird that will sit fast in front of a dog that will remain on point that makes bird dog work possible .
Moray ( /ˈmʌri/ MURR-ee ; Scottish Gaelic : Moireibh or Moireabh ; Latin : Moravia ; Old Norse : Mýræfi ) is one of the 32 local government council areas of Scotland . It lies in the north-east of the country , with coastline on the Moray Firth , and borders the council areas of Aberdeenshire and Highland . Between 1975 and 1996 Moray , with similar boundaries , was a district of the then Grampian Region .
The Rough Collie ( also known as the Long-Haired Collie ) is a long-coated dog breed of medium to large size that , in its original form , was a type of collie used and bred for herding sheep in Scotland . Originating in the 1800s , the breed is now well known through the works of author Albert Payson Terhune , beginning with books about Lad , and through Lassie novels , movies , and television shows . Rough Collies generally come in shades of sable and white ( sometimes mahogany ) , blue merle , tri-colored , and white . The breed has a distinctive long tapered snout and tipped ears . There is a smooth-coated variety known as a Smooth Collie ; some breed organisations , including both the American and Canadian Kennel Clubs , consider the smooth-coat and rough-coat breeds to be variations of the same breed . Rough Collies closely resemble the smaller Shetland Sheepdog or Sheltie , but the two breeds do not have an exclusive linear relationship .
The Smooth Collie is a breed of dog developed originally for herding . It is a short-coated version of the Rough Collie of Lassie fame . Some breed organisations consider the smooth-coat and rough-coat dogs to be variations of the same breed .