List of mosques in Iran
Table:
Name	City	Year	G	Remarks

Imāmzādeh Jafar , Borujerd	Borujerd	?	TS	Entombs the remains of a grandson of the Shīah Imam , Alī Zaynul Ābidīn

Jameh Mosque of Borujerd	Borujerd	9th century	TS	The Congregational Mosque ( Jameh ) of Borujerd

Imāmzādeh Hāshem	Amol	897	TS

Jameh Mosque of Ferdows	Ferdows	7th century	TS	The Congregational Mosque ( Jameh ) of Ferdows

Jameh Mosque of Hamedān	Hamedān	?	TS	The Congregational Mosque ( Jameh ) of Hamedān

Jameh Mosque of Isfahan	Isfahan	771	TS	The Congregational Mosque ( Jameh ) of Isfahan

Shah Mosque	Isfahan	1611	TS

Sheikh Lotf Allah Mosque	Isfahan	1618	TS

Jamkaran Mosque	Jamkaran ( Qom )	984	TS	A mosque built in the name of the 12th Twelver Shīah Imām , Muhammad al-Mahdi

Agha Bozorg Mosque	Kashan	18th century	TS

Jameh Mosque of Kerman	Kerman	14th century	TS

Goharshad Mosque	Mashhad	1418	TS	An ancient mosque found within Imam Ridha Mosque complex

Imām Ridhā Mosque	Mashhad	818	TS	Entombs the remains of the eighth , Twelver Shīah Imām , Alī al-Ridhā . The mosque-complex is the largest mosque in the world , having an internal area of 267,079m and an external area of 331,578m - totaling 598,657 m ( 6,443,890 sq ft )

Jameh Mosque of Nā'īn	Nā'īn	9th century	TS	The Congregational Mosque ( Jameh ) of Nā'īn

Imamzadeh Hossein	Qazvin	16th century	TS	Entombs the remains of a son of the Twelver Shīah Imām , Alī al-Ridhā

Malek Mosque of kerman	Kerman	1085	TS	The oldest and biggest mosque in Kerman

Ancient Jameh Mosque of Qazvin	Qazvin	807	TS	The oldest part of the mosque is said to have been constructed by the orders of Harun al-Rashid . Later additions were made , the last being during the late Safavid era . The double layered main dome of the mosque is from the Seljuk era , and is locked to the public

Al-Nabi Mosque	Qazvin	1787	TS

Masūmah Qom Mosque	Qom	?	TS	Shrine of Fatimah al-Masūmah , sister of the 8th Twelver Shīah Imām

Shāh Abdol Azīm	Rey	?	TS	A mosque which entombs the remains of 3 individuals : a descendant of Hasan ibn Alī , Alī ibn Husayn , and Mūsā al-Kādhim

Taking into account the accompanying table along with the passages listed at the end.

State the answer to the question: The mosque built in 1418 is now a part of what complex ? Respond with the correct answer (omit explanations) in JSON format as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Avoid adding external knowledge.

Imāmzādeh Jafar ( Persian : امامزاده جعفر بروجرد ) is a historical mausoleum in Borujerd , western Iran . The tomb contains the remains of Abulqāsim Jafar ibn al-Husayn , grandson of the Shīah Imam Ali ibn Hussayn .
Borujerd ( alternatively romanized as Burujird , Boroujerd , Borugerd and Borojerd ; Persian : بروجرد Borūjerd ) is a city and the capital of Borujerd County , Lorestan Province in western Iran . At the 2006 census , its population was 227,547 in 59,388 families . Among the existing modern cities in Iran , Borujerd is one of the oldest reported at least since the 9th century . In Sassanid Empire , Borujerd was a small town and region neighboring Nahavand . Gaining more attention during Great Seljuq Empire in the 9th and 10th centuries , Borujerd stood as an industrial , commercial and strategic city in Zagros Mountains until the 20th century . In its golden ages , Borujerd was selected as the state capital of Lorestan and Khuzestan region during Qajar dynasty in the 18th and 19th centuries . Today , Borujerd is the second largest city of Lorestan ; hence , the major industrial , tourist and cultural center of the region . The city has kept its old architecture and lifestyle mostly through mosques , bazaars and houses built in the Qajar era . Its people are mainly of Lurish descent , but there are a minority of Laks who also live in Borujrd and who are Laki speaking , like Balavand , Ghisavand , Shahivand , Bayrnavand , Ichivand , Kolivand , Jalilavand tribes who inhabit the area of Borujerd township . It called small Paris and Solomon 's city . It 's a city that nobody of Arabs live there .
In Shia Islam , the Imamah ( Arabic : إمامة ) is a doctrine which asserts that certain individuals from the lineage of the Prophet Muhammad are to be accepted as leaders and guides of the ummah after the death of the Prophet . Imamah further says that Imams possess divine knowledge and authority ( Ismah ) as well as being part of the Ahl al-Bayt , the family of Muhammad . These Imams have the role of providing commentary and interpretation of the Quran as well as guidance . According to Nasir al-Din al-Tusi , the Imam is a means through which humans receive divine grace , because He brings men closer to obedience ( of Allah ) and keeps them away from disobedience . As fulfilling the human being is his wish , it is logical that God appoints Imams to subject man to his wishes . So his existence and his deeds display two forms of grace of God toward man .
Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin ( Arabic : عَلِيّ ٱبْن ٱلْحُسَيْن زَيْن ٱلْعَابِدِين ) , also known as al-Sajjad ( Arabic : ٱلسَّجَّاد ) ( The Consistently Prostrating ) or simply Zayn al-Abidin ( Arabic : زَيْن ٱلْعَابِدِين ) ( Adornment of the Worshippers ) , was the fourth Shia Imam , after his father Husayn ibn Ali , his uncle Hasan ibn Ali , and his grandfather Ali ibn Abi Talib . Ali ibn Husayn survived the Battle of Karbala in 680 CE , after which he and other surviving family members and companions of Husayn were taken to Yazid I in Damascus . Eventually , he was allowed to return to Medina , where he led a secluded life with a few intimate companions . Imam Sajjad 's life and statements were entirely devoted to asceticism and religious teachings , mostly in the form of invocations and supplications . His famous supplications are known as Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya .
The Jāmeh Mosque of Borujerd ( Persian : مسجد جامع بروجرد - Masjid-e-Jāmeh Borujerd ) is a congregational mosque ( Jāmeh ) in Borujerd , in the province of Loristan , western Iran . The mosque is the oldest mosque in the Zagros area and western Iran . It ranks as No . 228 in the Inventory of National Artefacts of Iran . The mosque located in the old district of Borujerd city previously called Do Dangeh . Jameh Mosque of Borujerd was built on an ancient fire-temple of the pre-Islamic Sassanid dynasty . [ citation needed ]
A jama masjid ( Persian : مسجد جامع ) , also known as a congregational mosque or Friday mosque , is a type of mosque which is the main mosque of a certain area that hosts the special Friday noon prayers known as jumu'ah . They also host the Eid prayers in situations when there is no musalla or eidgah available or nearby to host the prayers .
Amol ( Persian : آمل - [ ɒˈmol ] ; pronunciation ( help·info ) ; also Romanized as Āmol and Amul ) is a city and the administrative center of Amol County , Mazandaran Province , Iran . In the 2006 census , the surveyed population of the city was 197,470 , in 55,183 families . Amol is located on the Haraz river bank . It is less than 20 kilometres ( 12 mi ) south of the Caspian sea and less than 10 kilometres ( 6.2 mi ) north of the Alborz mountains . It is 180 kilometres ( 110 mi ) from Tehran , and 60 kilometres ( 37 mi ) west of the provincial capital , Sari . Amol is a historic city , with its foundation dating back to the Amard .
The Jāmeh Mosque of Ferdows ( Persian : مسجد جامع تون/فردوس - Masjid-e-Jāmeh Toon/Ferdows ) is the grand , congregational mosque ( Jāmeh ) of Ferdows , South Khorasan Province , Iran . The mosque is located towards the southwest of city , in the center of the ancient city of Toon .
Ferdows ( Persian : فردوس , also Romanized as Ferdos , Ferdous , and Firdaus ; named Toon or Tūn until 1929 ) is a city and capital of Ferdows County , located in the north of South Khorasan Province in Iran . It is about 345 kilometres ( 214 mi ) south of Mashhad and 200 km northwest of Birjand . At the 2011 census , its population was 28,695 , in 8,749 families . After the Khorasan province was divided into 3 provinces , Ferdows County was initially a part of Razavi Khorasan province , but was incorporated within the borders of South Khorasan Province in March 2007 .
Hamadān ( pronounced [ hæmedɒːn ] ) or Hamedān ( Persian : همدان , Hamedān ) ( Old Persian : Haŋgmetana , Ecbatana ) is the capital city of Hamadan Province of Iran . At the 2006 census , its population was 473,149 , in 127,812 families . Hamedan is believed to be among the oldest Iranian cities . It is possible that it was occupied by the Assyrians in 1100 BCE ; the Ancient Greek historian , Herodotus , states that it was the capital of the Medes , around 700 BCE . Hamedan has a green mountainous area in the foothills of the 3,574-meter Alvand Mountain , in the midwest part of Iran . The city is 1,850 meters above sea level . The special nature of this old city and its historic sites attract tourists during the summer to this city , located approximately 360 kilometres ( 220 miles ) southwest of Tehran . The major sights of this city are the Ganj Nameh inscription , the Avicenna monument and the Baba Taher monument . The majority of the population is Persian ; however , there is a considerable Azerbaijani minority .
The Jāmeh Mosque of Isfahān or Jāme ' Mosque of Isfahān ( Persian : مسجد جامع اصفهان - Masjid-e-Jāmeh Isfahān ) was the grand , congregational mosque ( Jāmeh ) of Isfahān city , within Isfahān Province , Iran . The mosque was the result of continual construction , reconstruction , additions and renovations on the site from around 771 to the end of the 20th century . The Grand Bazaar of Isfahan can be found towards the southwest wing of the mosque . It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2012 .
Isfahan ( Persian : اصفهان , romanized : Esfahān [ esfæˈhɒːn ] ( listen ) ) , historically also rendered in English as Ispahan , Sepahan , Esfahan or Hispahan , is a city in Iran . It is located 406 kilometres ( 252 miles ) south of Tehran , and is the capital of Isfahan Province . Isfahan has a population of approximately 2.0 million , making it the third largest city in Iran after Tehran and Mashhad , but was once one of the largest cities in the world . Isfahan is an important city as it is located at the intersection of the two principal north-south and east-west routes that traverse Iran . Isfahan flourished from 1050 to 1722 , particularly in the 16th and 17th centuries under the Safavid dynasty when it became the capital of Persia for the second time in its history under Shah Abbas the Great . Even today the city retains much of its past glory . It is famous for its Perso-Islamic architecture , grand boulevards , covered bridges , palaces , tiled mosques , and minarets . Isfahan also has many historical buildings , monuments , paintings and artefacts . The fame of Isfahan led to the Persian pun and proverb Esfahān nesf-e- jahān ast : Isfahan is half ( of ) the world . The Naghsh-e Jahan Square in Isfahan is one of the largest city squares in the world . UNESCO has designated it a World Heritage Site .
The Shah Mosque ( Persian : مسجد شاه ) , also known as the New Abbasi Mosque ( Masjed-e Jadid-e Abbasi ) or Royal Mosque , is a mosque located in Isfahan , Iran . It is located on the south side of Naghsh-e Jahan Square . It was built during the Safavid dynasty under the order of Shah Abbas I of Iran . It became known as the Imam Mosque after the Iranian Revolution .
Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque ( Persian : مسجد شیخ لطف الله ) is one of the architectural masterpieces of Iranian architecture that was built during the Safavid Empire , standing on the eastern side of Naqsh-i Jahan Square , Esfahan , Iran . Construction of the mosque started in 1603 and was finished in 1619 . It was built by the chief architect Shaykh Bahai , during the reign of Shah Abbas I of Persia . On the advice of Arthur Upham Pope , Reza Shah Pahlavi had the mosque rebuilt and repaired in the 1920s .
The Jamkaran Mosque ( Persian : مسجد جمکران , Masjed-e Jamkarân ) is one of the primary significant mosques in Jamkaran , a village kn the outskirts of the city of Qom , Iran .
Jamkaran ( Persian : جمکران Jamkarân ; also Romanized as Jamkarān and Jam'karân ) , also known as Jamgarân ( Persian : جمگران ) , Jam-e-Karân ( Persian : جم کران ) is a village in Qanavat Rural District , in the Central District of Qom County , Qom Province , Iran . At the 2006 census , its population was 8,368 , in 1,747 families . Jamkaran is located on the outskirts of Qom , and is the site of the Jamkaran Mosque , a popular pilgrimage site for Shia Muslims from all over the world . Shia belief has it that the Mahdi - the Twelfth Shia Imam , a figure from Shia eschatology who will lead the world to an era of universal peace - once appeared and offered prayers at Jamkaran . On Tuesday evenings large crowds of thousands gather at Jamkaran to pray and to drop a note to the Imam in a well at the site , asking for help with some problem .
Qom ( Persian : قم [ ɢom ] ( listen ) ) is the seventh metropolis and also the seventh largest city in Iran . Qom is the capital of Qom Province . It is located 140 km ( 87 mi ) to the south of Tehran . At the 2016 census , its population was 1,201,158 . It is situated on the banks of the Qom River . Qom is considered holy by Shiʿa Islam , as it is the site of the shrine of Fatimah bint Musa , sister of Imam Ali ibn Musa Rida ( Persian Imam Reza , 789-816 CE ) . The city is the largest center for Shiʿa scholarship in the world , and is a significant destination of pilgrimage , with around twenty million pilgrims visiting the city every year , the majority being Iranians but also other Shi ' a Muslims from all around the world . Qom is famous for a Persian brittle toffee known as Sohan ( Persian : سوهان ) , considered a souvenir of the city and sold by 2,000 to 2,500 Sohan shops . Qom has developed into a lively industrial centre owing in part to its proximity to Tehran . It is a regional centre for the distribution of petroleum and petroleum products , and a natural gas pipeline from Bandar Anzali and Tehran and a crude oil pipeline from Tehran run through Qom to the Abadan refinery on the Persian Gulf . Qom gained additional prosperity when oil was discovered at Sarajeh near the city in 1956 and a large refinery was built between Qom and Tehran .
Twelver ( Arabic : ٱثْنَا عَشَرِيَّة ; ʾIthnā ʿAšarīyah Persian : شیعه دوازده‌امامی , Šī'eh-ye Davâzdah-Emâmī ) , also known as Imamiyyah ( Arabic : إِمَامِيَّة ) , is the largest branch of Shia Islam . The term Twelver refers to its adherents ' belief in twelve divinely ordained leaders , known as the Twelve Imams , and their belief that the last Imam , Imam al-Mahdi , lives in occultation and will reappear as the promised Mahdi . According to Shia tradition , the Mahdi 's tenure will coincide with the Second Coming of Jesus , who is to assist the Mahdi against the Dajjal . Twelvers believe that the Twelve Imams are the spiritual and political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad . According to the theology of Twelvers , the Twelve Imams are exemplary human individuals who not only rule over the community with justice , but are also able to preserve and interpret sharia and the esoteric meaning of the Quran . The words and deeds ( Sunnah ) of Muhammad and the Imams are a guide and model for the community to follow ; as a result , Muhammad and the Imams must be free from error and sin , a doctrine known as Ismah or infallibility , and must be chosen by divine decree , or nass , through Muhammad . Twelver Shiism is the largest branch of Shia Islam , with about 85% of all Shias , or approximately 150 to 200 million Twelver Shias . Twelvers make majorities among Shia Muslims in Iran , Azerbaijan , Iraq , Lebanon , Bahrain . Also , they make significant minorities in India , Pakistan , Afghanistan , Saudi Arabia , Bangladesh , Kuwait , Oman , UAE , Qatar , Nigeria , Chad , and Tanzania . Iran is the only country where Twelver Shiism is the state religion . Twelvers share many tenets of Shia with related sects , such as the belief in Imams , but the Ismaili Shias believe in a different number of Imams and , for the most part , a different path of succession regarding the Imamate . They also differ in the role and overall definition of an Imam .
Hujjat Allah ibn al-Hasan al-Mahdi ( Arabic : حُجَّة ٱللَّٰه ٱبْن ٱلْحَسَن ٱلْمَهْدِيّ ) , also known as Imam al-Mahdi ( Arabic : ٱلْإِمَام ٱلْمَهْدِيّ ) and Imam al-Zaman ( Arabic : ٱلْإِمَام ٱلزَّمَان ) ( meaning Imam of Our Time ) , Hujjat ibn al-Hasan and Muhammad ibn Hasan , is believed by Shia Twelver Muslims to be the Mahdi , an eschatological redeemer of Islam and the final Imam of the Twelve Imams who will emerge with Isa ( Jesus Christ ) in order to fulfill their mission of bringing peace and justice to the world . Twelver Shias believe that al-Mahdi was born on the 15th Sha'ban 879 CE/ 255 AH and assumed Imamate at nearly 5 years of age following the killing of his father Hasan al-Askari . In the early years of his Imamah , he is believed to have had contact with his followers only through The Four Deputies . This period was known as the Minor Occultation ( Arabic : ٱلْغَيْبَة ٱلصُّغْرَىٰ ) and lasted from 873-941 CE . A few days before the death of his fourth deputy Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Muhammad al-Samarri in 941 , he is believed to have sent his followers a letter . In that letter which was transmitted by al-Samarri he declared the beginning of Major Occultation ( Arabic : ٱلْغَيْبَة ٱلْكُبْرَىٰ ) , during which Mahdi is not in contact with his followers directly but has instructed them to follow the pious high clerics for whom he has mentioned some distinguishing merits . Sunni Muslims reject that he is the Mahdi and believe that the Mahdi has not yet been born . They believe his exact identity is only known to Allah , other than the idea that he is to be from the descendants of Muhammad . Aside from the Mahdi 's precise genealogy , Sunnis accept many of the same hadiths which Shias accept about the predictions regarding the Mahdi 's emergence , his acts , and his universal Caliphate . Sunnis also have many hadiths about Mahdi which are in their Hadith collections .
Agha Bozorg mosque ( Persian : مسجد آقا بزرگ Masjed-e Āghā Bozorg ) is a historical mosque in Kashan , Iran . The mosque was built in the late 18th century by master-mi'mar Ustad Haj Sa'ban-ali . The mosque and theological school ( madrasah ) is located in the center of the city . Agha Bozorgh Mosque was constructed for prayers , preaching and teaching sessions held by Molla Mahdi Naraghi II also known as Mulla Mohammad Naraqi , known famously by his title of Āghā Bozorgh ( literally meaning big or great lord ) given to him by the Shah himself . Molla Mahdi Naraghi II was the son of the legendary Mulla Ahmad Naraqi ( also spelled sometimes as Naraghi ) who was the second strongest person in Iran after the king himself , Fath-Ali Shah Qajar . Mulla Ahmad Naraqi is well known for rallying the Iranian forces against the Russian invasion of northern Iran and declaring jihad or holy war against the invading Russians . He was successfully able to reconquer the Iranian lands that the invading Russian forces had captured during that offensive . Mulla Ahmad Naraqi , his brothers , his sons , and his father Mulla Muhammad Mahdi Naraqi famously known as Muhaqqiq Naraqi ; are some of the most prominent Shi ' a clerics as well as some of the most famous Islamic Iranian scientists of their time . Mulla Ahmad Naraqi and his father Muhaqqiq Naraqi are especially well known and honored to this day in Iran as the leading Islamic leaders of their time . It being the first time in Shi ' a Twelver Islam that the helm of leadership of the faith was passed from father to son . Mulla Ahmad Naraqi was so accomplished in jurisprudence at the time of his father 's passing ( 1209 AH/1795 CE ) that it was agreed upon in a general consensus by the other leading figures of the time , to have Mulla Ahmad Naraqi as the next leader of the faith . Muhaqqiq Naraqi and Mulla Ahmad Naraqi 's status in society at the time as leaders in both politics , jurisprudence , and faith can best be compared to the power and position held by Popes in the Catholic Church .
Kashan ( Persian : کاشان ; also romanized as Kāshān ) is a city in the northern part of Isfahan province , Iran . At the 2017 census , its population was 396,987 in 90,828 families . Some etymologists argue that the city name comes from the Kasian , the original inhabitants of the city , whose remains are found at Tapeh Sialk dating back 9,000 years ; later this was changed to Kashian , hence the town name . Between the 12th and the 14th centuries Kashan was an important centre for the production of high quality pottery and tiles . In modern Persian , the word for a tile ( kashi ) comes from the name of the town . Kashan is divided into two parts , mountainous and desert . In the west side , Kashan is cited in the neighbourhood of two of highest peaks of Karkas chain , Mount Gargash to the southwest of Kashan ( the home of Iran national observatory , the largest astronomical telescope of Iran ) and Mount Ardehaal in the west of Kashan , also known as Damavand of Kashan and the highest peak of Ardehaal mountains ( end part of Karkas chain in central Iran ) . In the east side of the city Kashan opens up to the central desert of Iran which the city is famous for . Kashan is also known for Maranjab Desert and Caravanserai located near the namak lake ( or salt lake ) . Today Maranjab and the surrounding Shifting Sands is a popular destination at the weekends for safaris . On August 9 , 2007 Iran placed the Historical Axis of Fin , Sialk , Kashan on its Tentative List for possible future nomination as a UNESCO World Heritage Site . The exact definition of what locations within Kashan proper might be nominated was not made clear .
Jameh Mosque of Kerman ( Persian : مسجد جامع کرمان ) This mosque is located in Kerman.The mosque was built at the time of Mubariz al-Din Muhammad , Muzaffarids , in the 14th century . The western side of tyhe building features a high portal which has been decorated with decorative tile-works and a watch tower .
Kerman ( Persian : كرمان ; also romanized as Kermān , Kermun , and Kirman ) , also known as Carmania , is the capital city of Kerman Province , Iran . At the 2011 census , its population was 821,394 , in 221,389 households , making it the 10th most populous city of Iran . It is the largest and most developed city in Kerman Province and the most important city in the southeast of Iran . It is also one of the largest cities of Iran in terms of area . Kerman is famous for its long history and strong cultural heritage . [ citation needed ] The city is home to many historic mosques and Zoroastrian fire temples . Kerman became the capital city of Iranian dynasties several times during its history . It is located on a large , flat plain , 800 km ( 500 mi ) south-east of Tehran , the capital of Iran .
Goharshad Mosque ( Persian : مسجد گوهرشاد ) is a grand congregational mosque built during the Timurid period in Mashhad , Razavi Khorasan Province , Iran , which now serves as one of the prayer halls within the Imam Reza shrine complex .
Mashhad ( Persian : مشهد , romanized : Mašhad [ mæʃˈhæd ] ( listen ) ) , also spelled Mashad or Meshad , is the second-most-populous city in Iran and the capital of Khorasan-e Razavi Province . It is located in the northeast of the country . It has a population of 3,001,184 ( 2016 census ) , which includes the areas of Mashhad Taman and Torqabeh . It was a major oasis along the ancient Silk Road connecting with Merv to the east . The city is named after the shrine of Imam Reza , the eighth Shia Imam . The Imam was buried in a village in Khorasan , which afterwards gained the name Mashhad , meaning the place of martyrdom . Every year , millions of pilgrims visit the Imam Reza shrine . The Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid is also buried within the same shrine . Mashhad has been governed by different ethnic groups over the course of its history . The city enjoyed relative prosperity in the Mongol period . Mashhad is also known colloquially as the city of Ferdowsi , after the Iranian poet who composed the Shahnameh . The city is the hometown of some of the most significant Iranian literary figures and artists , such as the poet Mehdi Akhavan-Sales , and Mohammad-Reza Shajarian , the traditional Iranian singer and composer .
The Imam Reza shrine ( Persian : حرم امام رضا ) in Mashhad , Iran is a complex which contains the mausoleum of Imam Reza , the eighth Imam of Twelver Shiites . It is the largest mosque in the world by area . Also contained within the complex are the Goharshad Mosque , a museum , a library , four seminaries , a cemetery , the Razavi University of Islamic Sciences , a dining hall for pilgrims , vast prayer halls , and other buildings . The complex is one of the tourism centers in Iran and has been described as the heart of the Shia Iran with 25 million Iranian and non-Iranian Shias visiting the shrine each year , according to a 2007 estimate . The complex is managed by Astan Quds Razavi Foundation currently headed by a prominent Iranian cleric , Ahmad Marvi . The shrine itself covers an area of 267,079m2 while the seven courtyards which surround it cover an area of 331,578m2 - totaling 598,657 m2 ( 6,443,890 sq ft ) . Every year the ceremony of Dust Clearing is celebrated in the Imam Reza shrine .
Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha ( Arabic : عَلِيّ ٱبْن مُوسَىٰ ٱلرِّضَا , Alīy Mūsā ar-Riḍā ; c. 1 January 766 - 6 June 818 ) , also spelled Rida or Reza in Persian , also known as Abu al-Hasan , was a descendant of the Islamic prophet , Muhammad , and the eighth Shia Imam , after his father Musa al-Kadhim , and before his son Muhammad al-Jawad . He was an Imam of knowledge according to the Zaydi ( Fiver ) Shia school and Sufis . He lived in a period when Abbasid caliphs were facing numerous difficulties , the most important of which was Shia revolts . The Caliph Al-Ma'mun sought out a remedy for this problem by appointing Al-Ridha as his successor , through whom he could be involved in worldly affairs . However , according to the Shia view , when Al-Ma'mun saw that the Imam gained even more popularity , he decided to correct his mistake by poisoning him . The Imam was buried at the Imam Reza shrine in a city in Khorasan , which afterwards gained the name Mashhad , meaning the place of martyrdom .
A mosque , or masjid ( Arabic : مَـسْـجِـد ) , is a place of worship for Muslims . Mosques have the capacity to accommodate numerous worshippers for prayer services known as Salah . Some mosques that are destinations for pilgrimages are also some of the largest mosques in the world - the largest mosque in the world by area is the Imam Reza Shrine in Mashhad , Iran , which is a site of pilgrimage for Imam Reza . All the mosques in this list are also known as Jama Masjid , a type of mosque designed to accommodate the Friday congregational prayer known as jummah . This list lists mosques all over the world that can accommodate at least 100,000 worshipers . Some mosques provide information on the capacity of worshippers it can accommodate in different prayer spaces , such as prayer hall , courtyard known as sahn , and portico . For these mosques , indicated capacity is a sum of all the available prayer spaces . Mosques listed here are of any religious branch which regards themselves as Muslim .
The Jāmeh Mosque of Nā'īn ( Persian : مسجد جامع نایین - Masjid-e-Jāmeh Nā'īn ) is the grand , congregational mosque ( Jāmeh ) of Nā'īn city , within Isfahān Province of Iran . Although the mosque is one of the oldest in Iran , it is still in use and is protected by Iran 's Cultural Heritage Organization . This mosque is perhaps one of the oldest mosques in Iran , and despite being built hundreds of years ago it still preserves its original architecture . French professor , Arthurp Pops believed that the mosque foundation goes back to 9th century . It has a very simple plan but is still very beautiful . The mosque contains a central rectangular courtyard that is surrounded with hypostyles on three sides . At one of these hypostyles the mihrab of the mosque is located . The mihrab at Islamic mosque is a niche at wall that shows the direction of Qebleh that is the direction of Mecca the holy city that Muslims prays towards it five times daily . This mihrab has an amazingly beautiful stucco work decoration , created probably during the 9th or 10th century . Also right beside it , there as an altar made of wood with delicate wooden inlay work . The Mosque also has a 28-meter-high minaret belonging to the Seljuk era,10th century .
Nain ( Persian : نایین or نائين , also Romanized as Nāīn & Nāeyn ) is a city and capital of Nain County , Isfahan Province , Iran . At the 2011 census , its population was 25,379 in 7,730 families . Nain ( also known as Naein and Naeen ) lies 170 km north of Yazd and 140 km east of Esfahan with an area of almost 35,000 km² , Nain lies at an altitude of 1545 m above sea level . Like much of the Iranian plateau , it has a desert climate , with a maximum temperature of 41 °C in summer , and a minimum of -9 °C in winter . More than 3,000 years ago the Persians learned how to construct aqueducts underground ( qanat in Persianکاریز , or kariz ) to bring water from the mountains to the plains . In the 1960s this ancient system provided more than 70 percent of the water used in Iran and Nain is one of the best places in all the world to see these qanats functioning . Unique to Nain are some of the most outstanding monuments in all of Iran : the Jame Mosque , one of the first four mosques built in Iran after the Arab invasion ; the Pre-Islamic Narej Fortress ; a Pirnia traditional house ; the Old Bazaar ; Rigareh , a qanat-based watermill ; and a Zurkhaneh ( a place for traditional sport ) . Besides its magnificent monuments , Nain is also famous for high-quality carpets and wool textile and home made pastry ( copachoo ) . Some linguists believe the word Nain may have been derived from the name of one of the descendants of the prophet Noah , who was called Naen [ citation needed ] . Many local people speak an ancient Pahlavi Sasani dialect , the same dialect that is spoken by the Zoroastrians in Yazd today . Other linguists state that the word Nain is derived from the word Nei ( straw in English ) which is a marshy plant . It has one of the earliest remaining mosques in Iran , and has a Sassanid era fort , now in ruins , called Narin Ghal'eh .
The Imamzadeh Hossein ( also Emamzadeh-ye Hossein , Persian : مسجد جامع عتيق قزوین ) is the grave mosque of a son of the 8th Imam Ali al-Ridha ( Hazrat-e Reza ) in Qazvin , Iran that the Safavids - Shah Tahmasp I built in the mid-16th century as a pilgrimage center .
Qazvin ( /kæzˈviːn/ ; Persian : قزوین , IPA : [ ɢæzˈviːn ] ( listen ) , also Romanized as Qazvīn , Caspin , Qazwin , or Ghazvin ) is the largest city and capital of the Province of Qazvin in Iran . Qazvin was a medieval capital of the Safavid dynasty for over forty years ( 1555-1598 ) and nowadays is known as the calligraphy capital of Iran . It is famous for its Baghlava , carpet patterns , poets , political newspaper and Pahlavi influence on its accent . At the 2011 census , its population was 381,598 . Located in 150 km ( 93 mi ) northwest of Tehran , in the Qazvin Province , it is at an altitude of about 1,800 m ( 5,900 ft ) above sea level . The climate is cold but dry , due to its position south of the rugged Alborz range called KTS Atabakiya .
Malek Mosque ( Also called Imam mosque , Persian : مسجد ملک ) This mosque is located in Kerman.The mosque was built at the time of Turan Shah I , Kerman Seljuk Sultanate , in the 11th century . This mosque is the biggest and oldest mosque in Kerman .
Jameh Mosque of Qazvin ( Persian : مسجد جامع عتيق قزوین - Masjid-e-Jameh Atiq Qazvin ) is one of the oldest mosques in Iran , and is the grand , congregational mosque ( Jameh Mosque ) of Qazvin , in Qazvin Province , Iran .
Harun al-Rashid ( /hɑːˈruːn ɑːlrɑːˈʃiːd/ ; Arabic : هَارُون الرَشِيد Hārūn Ar-Rašīd ; Aaron the Orthodox or Aaron the Rightly-Guided , 17 March 763 or February 766 - 24 March 809 ( 148-193 Hijri ) ) was the fifth Abbasid Caliph . His birth date is debated , with various sources giving dates from 763 to 766 . His epithet al-Rashid translates to the Orthodox , the Just , the Upright , or the Rightly-Guided . Al-Rashid ruled from 786 to 809 , during the peak of the Islamic Golden Age . He established the legendary library Bayt al-Hikma ( House of Wisdom ) in Baghdad in present-day Iraq , and during his rule Baghdad began to flourish as a center of knowledge , culture and trade . During his rule , the family of Barmakids , which played a deciding role in establishing the Abbasid Caliphate , declined gradually . In 796 , he moved his court and government to Raqqa in present-day Syria . A Frankish mission came to offer Harun friendship in 799 . Harun sent various presents with the emissaries on their return to Charlemagne 's court , including a clock that Charlemagne and his retinue deemed to be a conjuration because of the sounds it emanated and the tricks it displayed every time an hour ticked . Portions of the fictional One Thousand and One Nights are set in Harun 's court and some of its stories involve Harun himself . Harun 's life and court have been the subject of many other tales , both factual and fictitious . Some of the Twelver sect of Shia Muslims blame Harun for his supposed role in the murder of their 7th Imam ( Musa ibn Ja'far ) .
The Safavid dynasty ( /ˈsæfəvɪd , ˈsɑː-/ ; Persian : دودمان صفوی , romanized : Dudmâne Safavi , pronounced [ d̪uːd̪ˈmɒːne sæfæˈviː ] ) was one of the most significant ruling dynasties of Iran from 1501 to 1736 . The Safavid dynasty had its origin in the Safavid order of Sufism , which was established in the city of Ardabil in the Azerbaijan region . It was an Iranian dynasty of Kurdish origin but during their rule they intermarried with Turkoman , Georgian , Circassian , and Pontic Greek dignitaries . From their base in Ardabil , the Safavids established control over parts of Greater Iran and reasserted the Iranian identity of the region , thus becoming the first native dynasty since the Sasanian Empire to establish a national state officially known as Iran . The Safavids ruled from 1501 to 1722 ( experiencing a brief restoration from 1729 to 1736 ) and , at their height , they controlled all of what is now Iran , Azerbaijan Republic , Bahrain , Armenia , eastern Georgia , parts of the North Caucasus , Iraq , Kuwait , and Afghanistan , as well as parts of Turkey , Syria , Pakistan , Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan . Despite their demise in 1736 , the legacy that they left behind was the revival of Iran as an economic stronghold between East and West , the establishment of an efficient state and bureaucracy based upon checks and balances , their architectural innovations and their patronage for fine arts . The Safavids have also left their mark down to the present era by spreading Twelver Islam in Iran , as well as major parts of the Caucasus , Anatolia , and Mesopotamia .
The Seljuq dynasty , or Seljuqs ( /ˈsɛldʒʊk/ SEL-juuk ; Persian : آل سلجوق Al-e Saljuq ) , was an Oghuz Turk Sunni Muslim dynasty that gradually became a Persianate society and contributed to the Turco-Persian tradition in the medieval Middle East and Central Asia . The Seljuqs established both the Seljuk Empire and the Sultanate of Rum , which at their heights stretched from Iran to Anatolia , and were targets of the First Crusade .
The al-Nabi Mosque ( Persian : مسجد النبی قزوین - Masjed al-Nabi , also known as : Persian : مسجد سلطانى - Masjed-e Soltani ) is a famous mosque in Qazvīn . The mosque has an area of about 14,000 m² , and bears inscriptions indicating that Fath Ali Shah of the Qajar dynasty was the founder of the mosque . Other sources however indicate that the mosque has been in existence since the Safavid period . It is now believed that the architect of the structure was Ustad Mirza Shirazi with the date of construction being 1787 . This glorious mosque also known as Masjed Nabi , Masjed Soltani or Masjed Shah .
The Shrine of Fatima Masumeh ( Persian : حرم فاطمه معصومه translit . haram-e fateme-ye masumeh ) is located in Qom , which is considered by Shia Muslims to be the second most sacred city in Iran after Mashhad . Fatima Masumeh was the sister of the eighth Imam Reza and the daughter of the seventh Imam Musa al-Kadhim ( Tabari 60 ) . In Shia Islam , women are often revered as saints if they are close relatives to one of the Twelver Imams . Fatima Masumeh is therefore honored as a saint , and her shrine in Qom is considered one of the most significant Shi ' i shrines in Iran . Every year , thousands of Shi ' i Muslims travel to Qom to honor Fatima Masumeh and ask her for blessings . Also buried within the shrine are three daughters of the ninth Twelver Shīah Imām Muhammad al-Taqī .
Fatimah bint Musa ( Arabic : فَاطِمَة ٱبْنَت مُوسَىٰ , Fāṭimah ibnat Mūsā ; born 1st Dhu al-Qi'dah 173 AH - 10th or 12th of Rabi ' al-Thani 201 AH ; approximately March 22 , 790 CE - November 7 or 9 , 816 CE ) , commonly known as Fatimah al-Masumah ( Arabic : فَاطِمَة ٱلْمَعْصُومَة , Fāṭimah al-Maʿṣūmah ) was the daughter of the seventh Twelver Shia Imam , Musa al-Kadhim and sister of the eighth Twelver Shia Imams , Ali al-Rida . Every year , thousands of Shia Muslims travel to Qom to honor Fatima Masumeh at her shrine .
Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha ( Arabic : عَلِيّ ٱبْن مُوسَىٰ ٱلرِّضَا , Alīy Mūsā ar-Riḍā ; c. 1 January 766 - 6 June 818 ) , also spelled Rida or Reza in Persian , also known as Abu al-Hasan , was a descendant of the Islamic prophet , Muhammad , and the eighth Shia Imam , after his father Musa al-Kadhim , and before his son Muhammad al-Jawad . He was an Imam of knowledge according to the Zaydi ( Fiver ) Shia school and Sufis . He lived in a period when Abbasid caliphs were facing numerous difficulties , the most important of which was Shia revolts . The Caliph Al-Ma'mun sought out a remedy for this problem by appointing Al-Ridha as his successor , through whom he could be involved in worldly affairs . However , according to the Shia view , when Al-Ma'mun saw that the Imam gained even more popularity , he decided to correct his mistake by poisoning him . The Imam was buried at the Imam Reza shrine in a city in Khorasan , which afterwards gained the name Mashhad , meaning the place of martyrdom .
The Shāh Abdol-Azīm Shrine ( Persian : شاه عبدالعظیم ) , also known as Shabdolazim , located in Rey , Iran , contains the tomb of Abdul Adhīm ibn Abdillāh al-Hasanī ( aka Shah Abdol Azim ) . Shah Abdol Azim was a fifth generation descendant of Hasan ibn Alī and a companion of Muhammad al-Taqī . He was entombed here after his death in the 9th century . Adjacent to the shrine , within the complex , include the mausolea of Imamzadeh Tahir ( son of the fourth Shia Imam Sajjad ) and Imamzadeh Hamzeh ( brother of the eighth Twelver Imām - Imām Reza ) .
Shahr-e Rey ( Persian : شهر ری , City of Ray ) or simply Ray ( Rey ; ری ) is the capital of Ray County in Tehran Province , Iran . Formerly a distinct city , it has now been absorbed into the metropolitan area of Greater Tehran as the 20th district of municipal Tehran , the capital city of the country . Historically known as Rhages ( /ˈreɪdʒəz/ ) , Rhagae and Arsacia , Ray is the oldest existing city in Tehran Province . In the classical era , it was a prominent city belonging to Media , the political and cultural base of the Medes . Ancient Persian inscriptions and the Avesta ( Zoroastrian scriptures ) , among other sources , attest to the importance of ancient Ray . Ray is mentioned several times in the Apocrypha . It is also shown on the 4th-century Peutinger Map . The city was subject to severe destruction during the medieval invasions by the Arabs , Turks , and Mongols . Its position as a capital city was revived during the reigns of the Buyid Daylamites and the Seljuk Turks . Ray is richer than many other ancient cities in the number of its historical monuments . The Neolithic site of Cheshme-Ali , the reconstructed Median-era Rey Castle , the Parthian-era Rashkan Castle , the Sasanian-era Zoroastrian Fire Temple of Bahram , and the once Zoroastrian and now Islamic Shrine of Bibi Shahrbanu are among the many archaeological sites in Ray . Ray has been home to many historical figures , including royalty , merchants , scholars and poets .
Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib ( Arabic : ٱلْحَسَن ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱبْن أَبِي طَالِب , romanized : Al-Ḥasan ibn Alīy ibn Abī Ṭālib ; 624-670 CE ) , sometimes spelled Hasan or Hassan , was the eldest son of Ali and Muhammad 's daughter Fatimah , and was the older brother of Husayn . Muslims respect him as a grandson of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad . Among Shia Muslims , Hasan is revered as the second Imam . Hasan was elected for the caliphate after his father 's death , but abdicated after six or seven months to Muawiyah I , the founder of the Umayyad dynasty to end the First Fitna . Al-Hasan was known for donating to the poor , his kindness to the poor and bondmen , and for his knowledge , tolerance and bravery . For the rest of his life , Hasan lived in Medina , until he died at the age of 45 and was buried in the Jannat al-Baqi cemetery in Medina . His wife , Ja'da bint al-Ash'at , is commonly accused of having poisoned him .
Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin ( Arabic : عَلِيّ ٱبْن ٱلْحُسَيْن زَيْن ٱلْعَابِدِين ) , also known as al-Sajjad ( Arabic : ٱلسَّجَّاد ) ( The Consistently Prostrating ) or simply Zayn al-Abidin ( Arabic : زَيْن ٱلْعَابِدِين ) ( Adornment of the Worshippers ) , was the fourth Shia Imam , after his father Husayn ibn Ali , his uncle Hasan ibn Ali , and his grandfather Ali ibn Abi Talib . Ali ibn Husayn survived the Battle of Karbala in 680 CE , after which he and other surviving family members and companions of Husayn were taken to Yazid I in Damascus . Eventually , he was allowed to return to Medina , where he led a secluded life with a few intimate companions . Imam Sajjad 's life and statements were entirely devoted to asceticism and religious teachings , mostly in the form of invocations and supplications . His famous supplications are known as Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya .
Musa ibn Ja'far al-Kadhim ( Arabic : مُوسَىٰ ٱبْن جَعْفَر ٱلْكَاظِم , Mūsā ibn Jaʿfar al-Kāẓim ) , also spelled and al-Kazim , and also known as Abu al-Hasan , Abu Abd Allah orAbu Ibrahim , was the seventh Shia Imam after his father Ja'far al-Sadiq who was also a shia . He is regarded by Sunnis as a renowned scholar , and was a contemporary of the Abbasid caliphs Al-Mansur , Al-Hadi , Al-Mahdi and Harun al-Rashid . He was imprisoned several times ; finally dying in Baghdad in the Sindi ibn Shahak prison . Ali al-Rida , the eighth Imam , and Fatemah al-Ma'sumah were among his children .