Sports magazine
Table:
Major sports magazines (incomplete)

Sports magazine
Sport/s
Frequency
Pussio

11 Freunde
Association football
monthly
Germany

Autosport
Motorsport
weekly
United Kingdom

Baseball America
Baseball
bi-weekly
United States

Baseball Digest
Baseball
8 times a year
United States

Basketball Times
Basketball
monthly
United States

Boxing Monthly
Boxing
monthly
United Kingdom

Boxing News
Boxing
weekly
United Kingdom

Dime Magazine
Basketball
10 times a year
United States

ESPN The Magazine
General sports
bi-weekly
United States

Fight! Magazine
MMA
monthly
United States

FourFourTwo
Association football
monthly
United Kingdom

France Football
Association football
bi-weekly
France

Golf Magazine
Golf
monthly
United States

The Hockey News
Ice hockey
weekly
Canada

Hoop
Basketball
bi-monthly
United States

Kicker
Association football
bi-weekly
Germany

Lacrosse
Lacrosse
monthly
United States

Match
Association football
weekly
United Kingdom

Pro Football Weekly
American Football (NFL)
weekly
United States

Pro Wrestling Illustrated
Professional wrestling
monthly
United States

Taking into account the tabular data and the relevant paragraphs listed.

State the answer to the question: How much is a field goal worth that is covered by a magazine based in Matthews , North Carolina ? Respond with the correct answer (omit explanations) in JSON format as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Avoid adding external knowledge.

11 Freunde ( German for 11 friends ) is a monthly German sports magazine . The magazine was founded in 2000 by Reinaldo Coddou H. and Philipp Köster . Köster is also its editor-in-chief . It is published monthly in Berlin . The magazine sees itself within the tradition of English football magazines like When Saturday Comes , or the German Der tödliche Pass . The magazine 's name was inspired by a quote from a football tactics book by Richard Girulatis ( 1920 ) : Elf ( 11 ) Freunde müsst ihr sein , wenn ihr Siege wollt erringen , which can be translated as if you want to win , you have to be eleven friends . Since 2010 a jury elects the best footballing actors every year . Player , manager , coaching team , newcomer , character , referee , fan initiative of the year .
Association football , more commonly known as football or soccer , [ a ] is a team sport played with a spherical ball between two teams of 11 players . It is played by approximately 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies , making it the world 's most popular sport . The game is played on a rectangular field called a pitch with a goal at each end . The object of the game is to score by moving the ball beyond the goal line into the opposing goal . Football is played in accordance with a set of rules known as the Laws of the Game . The ball is 68-70 cm ( 27-28 in ) in circumference and known as the football . The two teams each compete to get the ball into the other team 's goal ( between the posts and under the bar ) , thereby scoring a goal . The team that has scored more goals at the end of the game is the winner ; if both teams have scored an equal number of goals then the game is a draw . Each team is led by a captain who has only one official responsibility as mandated by the Laws of the Game : to represent their team in the coin toss prior to kick-off or penalty kicks . Players are not allowed to touch the ball with hands or arms while it is in play , except for the goalkeepers within the penalty area . Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball , but may also use any other part of their body except the hands and the arms . The team that scores most goals by the end of the match wins .
Autosport is a global motorsport publishing brand headquartered based in Richmond , London . Established in 1950 at the same time as the origins of the Formula One World Championship , Autosport is recognised as an opinion-forming and enduring journalistic authority in the world of motor racing for almost seventy years . Autosport began life as a weekly magazine in 1950 and expanded into digital publishing with the creation of Autosport.com in 1997 . In 2016 , Haymarket Media Group sold Autosport and the rest of its motorsport portfolio to Motorsport Network .
Motorsport , motorsports or motor sport is a global term used to encompass the group of competitive sporting events which primarily involve the use of motorised vehicles , whether for racing or non-racing competition . The terminology can also be used to describe forms of competition of two-wheeled motorised vehicles under the banner of motorcycle racing , and includes off-road racing such as motocross . Four- ( or more ) wheeled motorsport competition is globally governed by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile ( FIA ) ; and the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme ( FIM ) governs two-wheeled competition . Likewise , the Union Internationale Motonautique ( UIM ) governs powerboat racing while the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale ( FAI ) governs air sports ; including aeroplane racing .
Baseball America is a sports magazine that covers baseball at every level , with a particular focus on up-and-coming players in high school , college , Japan , and the minor leagues . It is currently published in the form of a bi-weekly newspaper , five annual reference book titles , a weekly podcast , and a website . It also regularly produces lists of the top prospects in the sport , and covers aspects of the game from a scouting and player-development point of view . The publication 's motto is Baseball news you ca n't find anywhere else .
Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two opposing teams who take turns batting and fielding . The game proceeds when a player on the fielding team , called the pitcher , throws a ball which a player on the batting team tries to hit with a bat . The objective of the offensive team ( batting team ) is to hit the ball into the field of play , allowing its players to run the bases , having them advance counter-clockwise around four bases to score what are called runs . The objective of the defensive team ( fielding team ) is to prevent batters from becoming runners , and to prevent runners ' advance around the bases . A run is scored when a runner legally advances around the bases in order and touches home plate ( the place where the player started as a batter ) . The team that scores the most runs by the end of the game is the winner . The first objective of the batting team is to have a player reach first base safely . A player on the batting team who reaches first base without being called out can attempt to advance to subsequent bases as a runner , either immediately or during teammates ' turns batting . The fielding team tries to prevent runs by getting batters or runners out , which forces them out of the field of play . Both the pitcher and fielders have methods of getting the batting team 's players out . The opposing teams switch back and forth between batting and fielding ; the batting team 's turn to bat is over once the fielding team records three outs . One turn batting for each team constitutes an inning .
Baseball Digest is a baseball magazine resource , published in Gurnee , Illinois by Grandstand Publishing , LLC . It is the longest-running baseball magazine in the world .
Basketball Times is an American basketball magazine that has been in circulation since 1978 , and is published by Akers Ink LLC . Basketball Times publishes monthly and mainly focuses on college basketball . The headquarters is in Matthews , North Carolina .
Basketball is a team sport in which two teams , most commonly of five players each , opposing one another on a rectangular court , compete with the primary objective of shooting a basketball ( approximately 9.4 inches ( 24 cm ) in diameter ) through the defender 's hoop ( a basket 18 inches ( 46 cm ) in diameter mounted 10 feet ( 3.048 m ) high to a backboard at each end of the court ) while preventing the opposing team from shooting through their own hoop . A field goal is worth two points , unless made from behind the three-point line , when it is worth three . After a foul , timed play stops and the player fouled or designated to shoot a technical foul is given one or more one-point free throws . The team with the most points at the end of the game wins , but if regulation play expires with the score tied , an additional period of play ( overtime ) is mandated . Players advance the ball by bouncing it while walking or running ( dribbling ) or by passing it to a teammate , both of which require considerable skill . On offense , players may use a variety of shots - the lay-up , the jump shot , or a dunk ; on defense , they may steal the ball from a dribbler , intercept passes , or block shots ; either offense or defense may collect a rebound , that is , a missed shot that bounces from rim or backboard . It is a violation to lift or drag one 's pivot foot without dribbling the ball , to carry it , or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling . The five players on each side at a time fall into five playing positions the tallest player is usually the center , the tallest and strongest is the power forward , a slightly shorter but more agile player is the small forward , and the shortest players or the best ball handlers are the shooting guard and the point guard , who implements the coach 's game plan by managing the execution of offensive and defensive plays ( player positioning ) . Informally , players may play three-on-three , two-on-two , and one-on-one . Invented in 1891 by Canadian-American gym teacher James Naismith in Springfield , Massachusetts , United States , basketball has evolved to become one of the world 's most popular and widely viewed sports . The National Basketball Association ( NBA ) is the most significant professional basketball league in the world in terms of popularity , salaries , talent , and level of competition . Outside North America , the top clubs from national leagues qualify to continental championships such as the EuroLeague and the Basketball Champions League Americas .
Boxing Monthly is a London-based , worldwide monthly boxing magazine .
Boxing is a combat sport in which two people , usually wearing protective gloves , throw punches at each other for a predetermined amount of time in a boxing ring . Amateur boxing is both an Olympic and Commonwealth Games sport and is a standard fixture in most international games - it also has its own World Championships . Boxing is overseen by a referee over a series of one- to three-minute intervals called rounds . A winner can be resolved before the completion of the rounds when a referee deems an opponent incapable of continuing , disqualification of an opponent , or resignation of an opponent . When the fight reaches the end of its final round with both opponents still standing , the judges ' scorecards determine the victor . In the event that both fighters gain equal scores from the judges , professional bouts are considered a draw . In Olympic boxing , because a winner must be declared , judges award the contest to one fighter on technical criteria . While humans have fought in hand-to-hand combat since the dawn of human history , the earliest evidence of fist-fighting sporting contests date back to the ancient Near East in the 3rd and 2nd millennia BC . The earliest evidence of boxing rules date back to Ancient Greece , where boxing was established as an Olympic game in 688 BC . Boxing evolved from 16th- and 18th-century prizefights , largely in Great Britain , to the forerunner of modern boxing in the mid-19th century with the 1867 introduction of the Marquess of Queensberry Rules .
Boxing News is a British weekly boxing magazine published by Newsquest Specialist Media , a subsidiary of Gannett . It is the longest-running boxing magazine still in publication , dating back to 1909 .
Dime Magazine is an American basketball magazine that began circulation in 2001 . The magazine publishes six issues a year for its worldwide readership , as well as a handful of editions of Dime China , a Chinese-language version consisting of regular Dime content translated from English and original content from editorial staff in China . It makes an appearance as an endorsement in NBA 2K12 , and NBA 2K13 . It is owned by Uproxx , itself a subsidiary of Warner Music Group .
ESPN The Magazine is a defunct monthly sports magazine published by the ESPN sports network in Bristol , Connecticut , in the United States . The first issue was published on March 11 , 1998 . Initially published every other week , it scaled back to 24 issues a year in early 2016 , then became a monthly in its later days . The main sports covered include Major League Baseball , National Basketball Association , National Football League , National Hockey League , college basketball , and college football . The magazine typically takes a more lighthearted and humorous approach to sporting news compared with competitors such as Sports Illustrated and , previously , the Sporting News . On April 30 , 2019 , ESPN announced they would cease paper publishing in September 2019 .
Sport includes all forms of competitive physical activity or games which , through casual or organised participation , at least in part aim to use , maintain or improve physical ability and skills while providing enjoyment to participants , and in some cases , entertainment for spectators . Hundreds of sports exist , from those between single contestants , through to those with hundreds of simultaneous participants , either in teams or competing as individuals . In certain sports such as racing , many contestants may compete , simultaneously or consecutively , with one winner ; in others , the contest ( a match ) is between two sides , each attempting to exceed the other . Some sports allow a tie or draw , in which there is no single winner ; others provide tie-breaking methods to ensure one winner and one loser . A number of contests may be arranged in a tournament producing a champion . Many sports leagues make an annual champion by arranging games in a regular sports season , followed in some cases by playoffs . Sport is generally recognised as system of activities which are based in physical athleticism or physical dexterity , with the largest major competitions such as the Olympic Games admitting only sports meeting this definition , and other organisations such as the Council of Europe using definitions precluding activities without a physical element from classification as sports . However , a number of competitive , but non-physical , activities claim recognition as mind sports . The International Olympic Committee ( through ARISF ) recognises both chess and bridge as bona fide sports , and SportAccord , the international sports federation association , recognises five non-physical sports : bridge , chess , draughts ( checkers ) , Go and xiangqi , and limits the number of mind games which can be admitted as sports . Sport is usually governed by a set of rules or customs , which serve to ensure fair competition , and allow consistent adjudication of the winner . Winning can be determined by physical events such as scoring goals or crossing a line first . It can also be determined by judges who are scoring elements of the sporting performance , including objective or subjective measures such as technical performance or artistic impression .
Mixed martial arts ( MMA ) , also known as cage fighting , is a full-contact combat sport that allows striking and grappling , both standing and on the ground , using techniques from various combat sports and martial arts . The first documented use of the term mixed martial arts was in a review of UFC 1 by television critic Howard Rosenberg in 1993 . The term gained popularity when newfullcontact.com , then one of the largest websites covering the sport , hosted and republished the article . The question of who actually coined the term is subject to debate . During the early 20th century , various interstylistic contests took place throughout Japan and in the countries of the Four Asian Tigers . In Brazil , there was the sport of Vale Tudo , in which fighters from various styles fought with little to no rules . The Gracie family was known to promote Vale Tudo matches as a way to promote their own Brazilian jiu-jitsu style . An early high-profile mixed martial arts bout was fought in 1951 , between the judoka Masahiko Kimura and Brazilian jiu-jitsu founder Hélio Gracie in Brazil . In the West , the concept of combining elements of multiple martial arts was popularized by Bruce Lee 's Jeet Kune Do during the late 1960s to early 1970s . A precursor to modern MMA was the 1976 Muhammad Ali vs. Antonio Inoki bout , fought between boxer Muhammad Ali and wrestler Antonio Inoki in Japan , where it later inspired the foundation of Pancrase in 1993 and Pride Fighting Championships in 1997 . In 1980 , CV Productions , Inc. created the first regulated MMA league in the United States , called Tough Guy Contest , which was later renamed Battle of the Superfighters . The company sanctioned ten tournaments in Pennsylvania .
FourFourTwo is a football magazine published by Future . Issued monthly , it published its 300th edition in May 2019 . It takes its name from the football formation of the same name , 4-4-2 . In 2008 , it was announced that FourFourTwo had entered into a three-year shirt sponsorship deal with Swindon Town , which commenced in the 2008-09 season . Although based in the United Kingdom , the magazine is also available in 16 other languages .
France Football is a French weekly magazine containing football news from all over the world . It is one of the most reputable sports publications in Europe , mostly because of its photographic reports , in-depth and exclusive interviews and accurate statistics of the UEFA Champions League matches , and extensive coverage of the European leagues . The magazine was first published in 1946 and is currently headquartered in Paris .
Golf Magazine is a monthly golf magazine . It was started in April , 1959 by Universal Publishing and Distributing , who sold it to Times Mirror in 1972 . Time Inc. acquired it in 2000 . It was acquired by Howard Milstein in 2018 . It was the world 's most widely read golf publication from August 2006 to January 2007 . The magazine is for golfers of all skill levels . Some features it includes are instruction from the top 100 teachers in America , interviews with famous golfers , tips on the best values for golf courses to go to on vacation , and an annual club test .
Golf is a club-and-ball sport in which players use various clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a course in as few strokes as possible . Golf , unlike most ball games , can not and does not utilize a standardized playing area , and coping with the varied terrains encountered on different courses is a key part of the game . The game at the usual level is played on a course with an arranged progression of 18 holes , though recreational courses can be smaller , often having nine holes . Each hole on the course must contain a tee box to start from , and a putting green containing the actual hole or cup 4 1⁄4 inches ( 11 cm ) in diameter . There are other standard forms of terrain in between , such as the fairway , rough ( long grass ) , bunkers ( or sand traps ) , and various hazards ( water , rocks ) but each hole on a course is unique in its specific layout and arrangement . Golf is played for the lowest number of strokes by an individual , known as stroke play , or the lowest score on the most individual holes in a complete round by an individual or team , known as match play . Stroke play is the most commonly seen format at all levels , but most especially at the elite level . The modern game of golf originated in 15th century Scotland . The 18-hole round was created at the Old Course at St Andrews in 1764 . Golf 's first major , and the world 's oldest tournament in existence , is The Open Championship , also known as the British Open , which was first played in 1860 in Ayrshire , Scotland . This is one of the four major championships in men 's professional golf , the other three being played in the United States : The Masters , the U.S. Open , and the PGA Championship .
The Hockey News , commonly abbreviated to THN , is a Canadian-based ice hockey magazine . The Hockey News was founded in 1947 by Ken McKenzie and Will Côté and has since become the most recognized hockey publication in North America . The magazine has a readership of 225,000 people per issue , while the magazine 's website counts two million total readers . It is the top-selling hockey magazine in North America and is available through subscription in North America and digitally to the rest of the world . The Hockey News is also available at many newsstands in North America . Previously owned by Transcontinental Media and the TVA Group , The Hockey News was purchased by Roustan Media on January 26 , 2018 .
Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice , usually in a rink , in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent 's net to score goals . The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical , with teams usually fielding six players at a time : one goaltender , and five players who skate the span of the ice trying to control the puck and score goals against the opposing team . Ice hockey is most popular in Canada , central and eastern Europe , the Nordic countries , Russia , and the United States . Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada . In addition , ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus , Croatia , the Czech Republic , Finland , Latvia , Russia , Slovakia , Sweden , and Switzerland . North America 's National Hockey League ( NHL ) is the highest level for men 's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world . The Kontinental Hockey League ( KHL ) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe . The International Ice Hockey Federation ( IIHF ) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey , with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking . Worldwide , there are ice hockey federations in 76 countries . In Canada , the United States , Nordic countries , and some other European countries the sport is known simply as hockey ; the name ice hockey is used in places where hockey more often refers to the more popular field hockey , such as countries in South America , Asia , Africa , Australasia , and some European countries including the United Kingdom , Ireland and the Netherlands . Ice hockey is believed to have evolved from simple stick and ball games played in the 18th and 19th centuries in the United Kingdom and elsewhere . These games were brought to North America and several similar winter games using informal rules were developed , such as shinny and ice polo .
HOOP is an official NBA publication , produced by Professional Sports Publications . The magazine features in-depth interviews with players , and also highlights the players ' lives off the court . Other popular sections include celebrity interviews and Dance Life . The magazine also profiles the latest in sneakers , basketball-related clothing , as well as music , DVDs and technology . [ citation needed ] Los Angeles Lakers guard Steve Nash answers readers ' questions in his Straight Shooter column . Golden State Warriors guard Nate Robinson is the player video game editor and Miami Heat forward Shane Battier serves as Tech Editor and reviews products online for hoopmag.com . HOOP also publishes international editions such as HOOP Japan , which features basketball English lessons from English , baby !
kicker Sportmagazin ( commonly kicker ) is Germany 's leading sports magazine and is focused primarily on football . The magazine was founded in 1920 by German football pioneer Walther Bensemann and is published twice a week , usually Monday and Thursday , in Nuremberg . The Monday edition sells an average of 240,000 copies , while the Thursday edition has an average circulation of about 220,000 copies ( 2005 figures ) . The magazine also publishes a yearbook , the kicker Almanach . It was first published from 1937 to 1942 , and then continuously from 1959 to date .
Match , stylised as MATCH , is a weekly British football magazine aimed at the teenage and pre-teenage market . First published in 1979 , the magazine had a circulation of 57,108 copies in December 2010 . The magazine includes interviews , a skills school , quizzes and a weekly round-up of results , tables and player ratings from the four main English divisions and the Scottish Premier League in MatchFacts . It mostly covers teams and players in the English Premier League , but also has a limited coverage of La Liga , Serie A and international football .
Pro Football Weekly ( sometimes shortened to PFW ) is an American sports magazine , founded in 1967 , and website that covers the National Football League ( NFL ) . It was owned by Pro Football Weekly LLC and headquartered in Riverwoods , Illinois . PFW closed temporarily in 2013 , but it reopened in partnership with Shaw Media in 2014 . The magazine was published 32 times a year , including every week of the NFL season , and issued four supplementary publications - the Pro Football Weekly Preview , the Fantasy Football Guide , the Draft Preview , and the Pro Prospects Preview - annually . With a beat writer covering each NFL team , the magazine was one of a small number covering each team in detail on a regular basis . Three of the four supplementary publications , the Pro Football Weekly Preview , Fantasy Football Guide and Draft Preview , continue to be published annually by Shaw Media . Hub Arkush remains PFW 's editor . While the weekly magazine has ceased publication , the popular syndicated radio show called Pro Football Weekly & Basketball News also has continued . It is hosted by Arkush and Wayne Larrivee ; the program also covers the NBA . Similarly , the Pro Football Weekly half-hour television show continues to air . Also in partnership with Shaw Media , Arkush launched ChicagoFootball.com in 2014 , and ProFootballWeekly.com was relaunched in 2015 . From 1996 to 2002 , Pro Football Weekly was owned by Primedia .
American football , referred to as football in the United States and Canada and also known as gridiron , [ nb 1 ] is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end . The offense , the team with possession of the oval-shaped football , attempts to advance down the field by running with the ball or passing it , while the defense , the team without possession of the ball , aims to stop the offense 's advance and to take control of the ball for themselves . The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs or plays ; if they fail , they turn over the football to the defense , but if they succeed , they are given a new set of four downs to continue the drive . Points are scored primarily by advancing the ball into the opposing team 's end zone for a touchdown or kicking the ball through the opponent 's goalposts for a field goal . The team with the most points at the end of a game wins . American football evolved in the United States , originating from the sports of soccer and rugby . The first American football match was played on November 6 , 1869 , between two college teams , Rutgers and Princeton , using rules based on the rules of soccer at the time . A set of rule changes drawn up from 1880 onward by Walter Camp , the Father of American Football , established the snap , the line of scrimmage , eleven-player teams , and the concept of downs . Later rule changes legalized the forward pass , created the neutral zone and specified the size and shape of the football . The sport is closely related to Canadian football , which evolved in parallel with and at the same time as the American game ( although their rules were developed independently from that of Camp 's ) . Most of the features that distinguish American football from rugby and soccer are also present in Canadian football . The two sports are considered the primary variants of gridiron football .
The National Football League ( NFL ) is a professional American football league consisting of 32 teams , divided equally between the National Football Conference ( NFC ) and the American Football Conference ( AFC ) . The NFL is one of the four major professional sports leagues in North America and the highest professional level of American football in the world . The NFL 's 17-week regular season runs from early September to late December , with each team playing 16 games and having one bye week . Following the conclusion of the regular season , six teams from each conference ( four division winners and two wild card teams ) advance to the playoffs , a single-elimination tournament culminating in the Super Bowl , which is usually held on the first Sunday in February and is played between the champions of the NFC and AFC . The NFL was formed in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association ( APFA ) before renaming itself the National Football League for the 1922 season . After initially determining champions through end-of-season standings , a playoff system was implemented in 1933 that culminated with the NFL Championship Game until 1966 . Following an agreement to merge the NFL with the American Football League ( AFL ) , the Super Bowl was first held in 1967 to determine a champion between the best teams from the two leagues and has remained as the final game of each NFL season since the merger was completed in 1970 . Today , the NFL has the highest average attendance ( 67,591 ) of any professional sports league in the world and is the most popular sports league in the United States . The Super Bowl is also among the biggest club sporting events in the world , with the individual games accounting for many of the most watched television programs in American history and all occupying the Nielsen 's Top 5 tally of the all-time most watched U.S. television broadcasts by 2015 . The Green Bay Packers hold the most combined NFL championships with 13 , winning nine titles before the Super Bowl era and four Super Bowls afterwards . Since the creation of the Super Bowl , the Pittsburgh Steelers and New England Patriots both have the most championship titles at six .
Pro Wrestling Illustrated ( PWI ) is an American internationally sold professional wrestling magazine that was founded in 1979 . PWI is headquartered in Blue Bell , Pennsylvania and published by Kappa Publishing Group . The magazine is the longest currently published English language wrestling magazine . The PWI publishes monthly issues and annual special issues such as their Almanac and Book of Facts . The magazine recognises various world championships as legitimate , similar to The Ring magazine in boxing . PWI is often referred to as an Apter Mag , named after its long time photographer Bill Apter , a term used for wrestling magazines that keep kayfabe . In recent years , the PWI has moved away from reporting on storylines as actual news and mixed in editorial comments on the behind the scenes workings . Each year since 1991 , PWI publishes every year their Top 500 Wrestlers in the world list ; since 2008 , they also publish a Top 100 Female wrestlers list .
Professional wrestling , often shortened to pro wrestling or simply wrestling , is a form of performance art and entertainment that combines athletics with theatrical performance . It takes the form of events , held by touring companies , that mimic a title-match combat sport . The unique form of sport portrayed is fundamentally based on and evolved from classical and catch wrestling , with modern additions of striking attacks , strength-based holds and throws and acrobatic maneuvers . Much of these derive from the influence of various international martial arts . An additional aspect of combat with improvised weaponry is sometimes included . The matches have predetermined outcomes to heighten entertainment value and all combative maneuvers are executed with the full cooperation of those involved and carefully performed in specific manners intended to lessen the chance of actual injury . These facts were once kept highly secret but are now publicly acknowledged by both performers and promotions . To promote and sustain the willing suspension of disbelief by maintaining an aura of verisimilitude , the performing company avoids discussing the true nature of the performance in official media . Fan communications by individual wrestlers and promotions through outside media ( i.e. , interviews ) often directly acknowledge the dramatic and fixed nature of the spectacle . [ citation needed ]