List of Armavia destinations
Table:
City	Country	Airport

Athens	Greece	Athens International Airport

Beirut	Lebanon	Beirut Rafic Hariri International Airport

Dubai	United Arab Emirates	Dubai International Airport

Frankfurt	Germany	Frankfurt Airport

Istanbul	Turkey	Istanbul Airport

Kiev	Ukraine	Kyiv Zhuliany International Airport

Mineralnye Vody	Russia	Mineralnye Vody Airport

Moscow	Russia	Domodedovo Airport

Moscow	Russia	Vnukovo Airport

Nizhny Novgorod	Russia	Strigino Airport

Novosibirsk	Russia	Novosibirsk Tolmachevo Airport

Paris	France	Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport

Rostov-on-Don	Russia	Rostov-on-Don Airport

Saint Petersburg	Russia	Pulkovo Airport

Samara	Russia	Samara Kurumoch Airport

Sochi	Russia	Sochi International Airport

Stavropol	Russia	Stavropol Shpakovskoye Airport

Tel Aviv	Israel	Ben Gurion International Airport

Vladikavkaz	Russia	Beslan Airport

Yerevan	Armenia	Zvartnots International Airport ( Hub )

Consulting the following table plus the article excerpts provided.

Solve the question: What is the airport code of the airport in turkey that Armavia flew to ? Provide just your answer in a JSON object {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}.

Athens ( /ˈæθɪnz/ ATH-inz ; Greek : Αθήνα , romanized : Athína [ aˈθina ] ( listen ) ; Ancient Greek : Ἀθῆναι , romanized : Athênai ( pl . ) [ atʰɛ̂ːnai̯ ] ) is the capital and largest city of Greece . Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world 's oldest cities , with its recorded history spanning over 3,400 years and its earliest human presence started somewhere between the 11th and 7th millennium BC . Classical Athens was a powerful city-state that emerged in conjunction with the seagoing development of the port of Piraeus . A center for the arts , learning and philosophy , home of Plato 's Academy and Aristotle 's Lyceum , it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy , largely because of its cultural and political impact on the European continent , and in particular the Romans . In modern times , Athens is a large cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic , financial , industrial , maritime , political and cultural life in Greece . Athens is a global city and one of the biggest economic centers in southeastern Europe . It has a large financial sector , and its port Piraeus is both the largest passenger port in Europe , and the second largest in the world . The Municipality of Athens ( also City of Athens ) , which actually constitutes a small administrative unit of the entire city , had a population of 664,046 ( in 2011 ) within its official limits , and a land area of 38.96 km2 ( 15.04 sq mi ) . The urban area of Athens ( Greater Athens and Greater Piraeus ) extends beyond its administrative municipal city limits , with a population of 3,090,508 ( in 2011 ) over an area of 412 km2 ( 159 sq mi ) . According to Eurostat in 2011 , the functional urban area ( FUA ) of Athens was the 9th most populous FUA in the European Union ( the 6th most populous capital city of the EU ) , with a population of 3.8 million people . Athens is also the southernmost capital on the European mainland and the warmest major city in Europe .
Athens International Airport Eleftherios Venizelos ( Greek : Διεθνής Αερολιμένας Αθηνών « Ελευθέριος Βενιζέλος » , Diethnís Aeroliménas Athinón Elefthérios Venizélos ) , commonly initialised as AIA ( IATA : ATH , ICAO : LGAV ) , is the largest international airport in Greece , serving the city of Athens and region of Attica . It began operation on 28 March 2001 ( in time for the 2004 Summer Olympics ) and is the main base of Aegean Airlines , as well as other smaller Greek airlines . It is located near the old Ellinikon International Airport . Athens International is currently a member of Group 2 of Airports Council International ( 10-25 million ) ; as of 2019 , it is the 26th-busiest airport in Europe .
Beirut ( /beɪˈruːt/ bay-ROOT ; Arabic : بيروت , romanized : Bayrūt ; French : Beyrouth ) is the capital and largest city of Lebanon . No recent population census has been conducted , but 2007 estimates ranged from slightly more than 1 million to 2.2 million as part of Greater Beirut , which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region and the fifteenth-largest in the Arab world . Located on a peninsula at the midpoint of Lebanon 's Mediterranean coast , Beirut is an important regional seaport . It is one of the oldest cities in the world , having been inhabited by Amer for more than 5,000 years . The first historical mention of Beirut is found in the Amarna letters from the New Kingdom of Egypt , which date to the 15th century BC . Beirut is Lebanon 's seat of government and plays a central role in the Lebanese economy , with most banks and corporations based in its Central District , Badaro , Rue Verdun , Hamra , Ryad el Soloh street , and Achrafieh . Following the destructive Lebanese Civil War , Beirut 's cultural landscape underwent major reconstruction . Identified and graded for accountancy , advertising , banking , finance and law , Beirut is ranked as a Beta World City by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network .
Beirut-Rafic Hariri International Airport ( Arabic : مطار بيروت الدولي , Maṭār Bayrūt ad-Dwaliyy ) ( French : Aéroport international de Beyrouth Rafic Hariri ) ( IATA : BEY , ICAO : OLBA ) is located 9 kilometres ( 5.6 mi ) from the city center in the southern suburbs of Beirut , Lebanon , and is the only operational commercial airport in the country . It is the hub for Lebanon 's national carrier , Middle East Airlines ( more commonly known as MEA ) . It is also the hub for the Lebanese charter carrier Wings of Lebanon , and was the hub for the Lebanese cargo carrier TMA cargo before its collapse . It is the main port of entry into the country along with the Port of Beirut . The airport is managed and operated by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation ( DGCA ) , which operates within the Ministry of Public Works and Transport . The DGCA is also responsible for operating the air traffic control ( ATC ) at the airport as well as controlling Lebanon 's airspace . DGCA duties include maintenance and general upkeep ranging from cleaning the terminal to de-rubberising the runways .
Dubai ( /duːˈbaɪ/ doo-BY ; Arabic : دبي Dubay , Gulf Arabic : Arabic pronunciation : [ dʊˈbɑj ] ) is the most populous city in the United Arab Emirates ( UAE ) and the capital of the Emirate of Dubai . Located in the eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula on the coast of the Persian Gulf , Dubai aims to be the business hub of Western Asia . It is also a major global transport hub for passengers and cargo . Oil revenue helped accelerate the development of the city , which was already a major mercantile hub . Today , less than 5% of the emirate 's revenue comes from oil . A centre for regional and international trade since the early 20th century , Dubai 's economy relies on revenues from trade , tourism , aviation , real estate , and financial services .
Dubai International Airport ( IATA : DXB , ICAO : OMDB ) ( Arabic : مطار دبي الدولي ) is the primary international airport serving Dubai , United Arab Emirates , and is the world 's busiest airport by international passenger traffic . It is also the fifth-busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic , the sixth-busiest cargo airport in the world , the busiest airport for Airbus A380 and Boeing 777 movements , and the airport with the highest average number of passengers per flight . In 2017 , DXB handled 88 million passengers and 2.65 million tonnes of cargo and registered 409,493 aircraft movements . In July 2019 , Dubai International airport installed the largest solar energy system in the region 's airports as part of Dubai 's goal to reduce 30 percent of the city energy consumption by 2030 . Dubai International Airport is situated in the Al Garhoud district , 2.5 nautical miles ( 4.6 km ; 2.9 mi ) east of Dubai and spread over an area of 7,200 acres ( 2,900 ha ) of land . Terminal 3 is the second-largest building in the world by floor space and the largest airport terminal in the world . Emirates Airline has its hub airport in Dubai International ( DXB ) and has their own terminal 3 with 3 concourses that they share with flydubai . The Emirates hub is the largest airline hub in the Middle East ; Emirates handles 51% of all passenger traffic and accounts for approximately 42% of all aircraft movements at the airport . Dubai Airport is also the base for low-cost carrier flydubai which handles 13% of passenger traffic and 25% of aircraft movements at DXB . The airport has a total capacity of 90 million passengers annually . As of January 2016 , there are over 7,700 weekly flights operated by 140 airlines to over 270 destinations across all inhabited continents . Over 63% of travelers using the airport in 2018 were connecting passengers .
Frankfurt ( officially : Frankfurt am Main ( German : [ ˈfʁaŋkfʊʁt ʔam ˈmaɪn ] ( listen ) ; Hessian : Frangford am Maa ; lit . Frank ford on the [ a ] Main ) ) is a metropolis and the largest city of the German federal state of Hesse , and its 746,878 ( 2017 ) inhabitants make it the fifth-largest city in Germany . On the River Main ( a tributary of the Rhine ) , it forms a continuous conurbation with the neighbouring city of Offenbach am Main , and its urban area has a population of 2.3 million . The city is at the centre of the larger Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region , which has a population of 5.5 million and is Germany 's second-largest metropolitan region after the Rhine-Ruhr Region . Since the enlargement of the European Union in 2013 , the geographic centre of the EU is about 40 km ( 25 mi ) to the east of Frankfurt 's central business district . Like France and Franconia , the city is named after the Franks . Frankfurt is the largest city in the Rhine Franconian dialect area ( Franconian dialects ) , Frankfurt was one of the host cities of the official tournaments of the 1974 and the 2006 FIFA World Cup . Frankfurt was a city state , the Free City of Frankfurt , for nearly five centuries , and was one of the most important cities of the Holy Roman Empire , as a site of imperial coronations ; it lost its sovereignty upon the collapse of the empire in 1806 and then permanently in 1866 , when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia . It has been part of the federal state of Hesse since 1945 . Frankfurt is culturally , ethnically , and religiously diverse , with half of its population , and a majority of young people , having a migration background . A quarter of the population consists of foreign nationals , including many expatriates . Frankfurt is an alpha world city and a global hub for commerce , culture , education , tourism and transportation .
Frankfurt am Main Airport ( IATA : FRA , ICAO : EDDF ) ( German : Flughafen Frankfurt am Main [ ˈfluːkhaːfn̩ ˌfʁaŋkfʊʁt ʔam ˈmaɪn ] , also known as Rhein-Main-Flughafen ) is a major international airport located in Frankfurt , the fifth-largest city of Germany and one of the world 's leading financial centres . It is operated by Fraport and serves as the main hub for Lufthansa including Lufthansa CityLine and Lufthansa Cargo as well as Condor and AeroLogic . The airport covers an area of 2,300 hectares ( 5,683 acres ) of land and features two passenger terminals with a capacity of approximately 65 million passengers per year , four runways and extensive logistics and maintenance facilities . Frankfurt Airport is the busiest airport by passenger traffic in Germany as well as the 4th busiest in Europe after London Heathrow Airport , Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport and Amsterdam Airport Schiphol . The airport is also the 13th busiest worldwide by total number of passengers in 2016 , with 60.786 million passengers using the airport in 2016 . In 2017 Frankfurt Airport handled 64.5 million passengers and in 2018 nearly 70 million . It also had a freight throughput of 2.076 million metric tonnes in 2015 and is the busiest airport in Europe by cargo traffic . As of summer 2017 , Frankfurt Airport serves more than 300 destinations in 5 continents , making it the airport with the most direct routes in the world . The southern side of the airport ground was home to the Rhein-Main Air Base , which was a major air base for the United States from 1947 until 2005 , when the air base was closed and the property was acquired by Fraport . In 2017 , passengers at the airport increased by 6.1% to 64,500,386 compared to 2016 . The airport celebrated its 80th anniversary in July 2016 .
Istanbul ( /ˌɪstænˈbʊl/ , also US : /ˈɪstænbʊl/ ; Turkish : İstanbul [ isˈtanbuɫ ] ( listen ) ) , formerly known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the most populous city in Turkey and the country 's economic , cultural and historic center . Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia , straddling the Bosporus strait ( which separates Europe and Asia ) between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea . Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives in suburbs on the Asian side of the Bosporus . With a total population of around 15 million residents in its metropolitan area , Istanbul is one of the world 's most populous cities , ranking as the world 's fifth-largest city proper and the largest European city . The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality ( coterminous with Istanbul Province ) . Founded under the name of Byzantion ( Βυζάντιον ) on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE , the city grew in size and influence , becoming one of the most important cities in history . After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE , it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries , during the Roman/Byzantine ( 330-1204 ) , Latin ( 1204-1261 ) , Palaiologos Byzantine ( 1261-1453 ) and Ottoman ( 1453-1922 ) empires . It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times , before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 CE and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate . Under the name Constantinople it was the Ottoman capital until 1923 . The capital was then moved to Ankara and the city was renamed Istanbul . The city held the strategic position between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean . It was also on the historic Silk Road .
Istanbul Airport ( IATA : IST , ICAO : LTFM ) ( Turkish : İstanbul Havalimanı ) is the main international airport serving Istanbul , Turkey . It is located in the Arnavutköy district on the European side of the city . All scheduled commercial passenger flights were transferred from Istanbul Atatürk Airport to Istanbul Airport on April 6 , 2019 , following the closure of Istanbul Atatürk Airport for scheduled passenger flights . The IATA airport code IST was also transferred to the new airport . Once all phases are completed in 2025 , the airport will be able to accommodate 200 million passengers a year .
Kiev or Kyiv [ a ] ( Ukrainian : Київ , romanized : Kyiv ; Russian : Киев , romanized : Kiyev ) is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine . It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper River . Its population in July 2015 was 2,887,974 ( though higher estimated numbers have been cited in the press ) , making Kiev the 6th-most populous city in Europe . Kiev is an important industrial , scientific , educational and cultural center of Eastern Europe . It is home to many high-tech industries , higher education institutions , and historical landmarks . The city has an extensive system of public transport and infrastructure , including the Kiev Metro . The city 's name is said to derive from the name of Kyi , one of its four legendary founders . During its history , Kiev , one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe , passed through several stages of prominence and obscurity . The city probably existed as a commercial center as early as the 5th century . A Slavic settlement on the great trade route between Scandinavia and Constantinople , Kiev was a tributary of the Khazars , until its capture by the Varangians ( Vikings ) in the mid-9th century . Under Varangian rule , the city became a capital of the Kievan Rus ' , the first East Slavic state . Completely destroyed during the Mongol invasions in 1240 , the city lost most of its influence for the centuries to come .
Igor Sikorsky Kyiv International Airport ( Zhuliany ) ( Ukrainian : Міжнародний аеропорт « Київ » імені Ігоря Сікорського ( Жуляни ) ) ( IATA : IEV , ICAO : UKKK ) is one of the two passenger airports of the Ukrainian capital Kiev , the other being Boryspil International Airport . It is owned by the municipality of Kiev and located in the Zhuliany neighbourhood , about 7 kilometres ( 4.3 mi ) southwest of the city centre . Aside from facilitating regular passenger flights , Kyiv International Airport is also the main business aviation airport in Ukraine , and one of the busiest business aviation hubs in Europe .
Mineralnye Vody ( Min-Vody ) ( Russian : Минеральные Воды ( Мин-Воды ) , IPA : [ mʲɪnʲɪˈralʲnɨjə ˈvodɨ , mʲɪn ˈvodɨ ] ; lit . mineral waters ) ( Chechen : Минвод ) is a town in Stavropol Krai , Russia , located along the Kuma River and the main rail line between Rostov-on-Don in Russia and Baku in Azerbaijan . Population : 76,728 ( 2010 Census ) ; 75,644 ( 2002 Census ) ; 70,961 ( 1989 Census ) .
Mineralnye Vody Airport ( Russian : Аэропорт Минеральные Воды ) ( IATA : MRV , ICAO : URMM ) ( also written as Mineralnyye Vody Airport , to which Mineralnye Vody literally translates to Mineral Waters ) is an airport in Stavropol Krai , Russia located 4 kilometres ( 2.5 mi ) west of Mineralnye Vody . It features a civilian terminal area on its west side with 41 parking spots . The airfield houses a Tupolev Tu-154 maintenance facility on the east side .
Moscow Domodedovo Airport ( Russian : Московский аэропорт Домоде́дово , IPA : [ dəmɐˈdʲɛdəvə ] ) , formally Domodedovo Mikhail Lomonosov International Airport ( IATA : DME , ICAO : UUDD ) is an international airport located in Domodedovo , Moscow Oblast , Russia , 42 kilometres ( 26 mi ) south-southeast from the centre of Moscow . Domodedovo is one of the four major Moscow airports , as well as one of the largest airports in Russia and the former USSR in terms of passenger and cargo traffic . In 2017 , it served 30,700,000 passengers , an increase of 7.6% compared to 2016 , making it the second busiest airport in Russia after Sheremetyevo International Airport . Following a 2019 naming contest and presidential decree , it became named after Russian scientist Mikhail Lomonosov .
Vnukovo International Airport , formally Vnukovo Andrei Tupolev International Airport , ( Russian : Международный аэропорт Внуково , IPA : [ ˈvnukəvə ] ) ( IATA : VKO , ICAO : UUWW ) , is a dual-runway international airport located in Vnukovo District , 28 kilometres ( 17 mi ) southwest of the centre of Moscow , Russia . It is one of the four major airports that serve Moscow , along with Moscow Domodedovo Airport , Sheremetyevo International Airport , and Zhukovsky International Airport . In 2019 , the airport handled 24.01 million passengers , representing an increase of 12% compared to the previous year . It is the third-busiest airport in the former USSR .
Nizhny Novgorod ( /ˌnɪʒni ˈnɒvɡərɒd/ NIZH-nee NOV-gə-rod ; Russian : Нижний Новгород , IPA : [ ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət ] ) , colloquially shortened to Nizhny , is a city in Russia and the administrative center ( capital ) of Volga Federal District and Nizhny Novgorod Oblast . From 1932 to 1990 , it was known as Gorky ( Горький , IPA : [ ˈɡorʲkʲɪj ] ) , after the writer Maxim Gorky , who was born there . The city is an important economic , transportation , scientific , educational and cultural center in Russia and the vast Volga-Vyatka economic region , and is the main center of river tourism in Russia . In the historic part of the city there are many universities , theaters , museums and churches . Nizhny Novgorod is located about 400 km ( 250 mi ) east of Moscow , where the Oka River empties into the Volga . Population : 1,250,619 ( 2010 Census ) ; 1,311,252 ( 2002 Census ) ; 1,438,133 ( 1989 Census ) . The city was founded in 4 February 1221 by Prince Yuri II of Vladimir . In 1612 Kuzma Minin and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky organized an army for the liberation of Moscow from the Poles . In 1817 Nizhny Novgorod became a great trade center of the Russian Empire . In 1896 at a fair , an All-Russia Exhibition was organized . During the Soviet period , the city turned into an important industrial center . In particular , the Gorky Automobile Plant was constructed in this period .
Strigino Airport ( Russian : Аэропорт Стригино ( IATA : GOJ , ICAO : UWGG ) ( also referred to as Nizhny Novgorod International Airport ( Russian : Международный аэропорт Нижний Новгород ) ) is the international airport serving the city of Nizhny Novgorod , Russia . It is located on the outskirts of the city 's Avtozavodsky District , 14 km ( 8.5 mi ) southwest of city centre . Strigino is responsible for serving the 3,281,000 residents of the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast .
Novosibirsk ( /ˌnoʊvəsɪˈbɪərsk , -voʊs-/ , also UK : /ˌnɒv-/ ; Russian : Новосиби́рск , IPA : [ nəvəsʲɪˈbʲirsk ] ( listen ) , li . : New Siberia ) is the administrative center of Novosibirsk Oblast in Russia . Located in the southwestern part of Siberia on the banks of the Ob River , it is the third-most populous city in Russia ( after Moscow and St. Petersburg ) as well as the most populous city in Asian Russia , with a population of 1,612,833 as of the 2018 census . Novosibirsk was founded in 1893 on the Ob River crossing point of the future Trans-Siberian Railway . Originally named Novonikolayevsk , it grew rapidly into a major transport , commercial and industrial hub . The city was ravaged by the Russian Civil War but recovered during the early Soviet period , and gained its present name in 1926 . Under Stalin , Novosibirsk became one of the largest industrial centers of Siberia . Following the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War the city hosted many factories relocated from European Russia . Novosibirsk is home to the headquarters of numerous Russian corporations , as well as the world-renowned Novosibirsk Zoo . It is served by Tolmachevo Airport , the busiest airport in Siberia .
Novosibirsk Tolmachevo Airport ( Russian : Аэропо́рт Толмачёво ) ( IATA : OVB , ICAO : UNNT ) is situated in the town of Ob , 16 kilometres ( 9.9 mi ) west of the center of Novosibirsk , an industrial and scientific center in Siberia and Russia 's third-largest city .
Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport ( French : Aéroport de Paris-Charles-de-Gaulle , IATA : CDG , ICAO : LFPG ) , also known as Roissy Airport , is the largest international airport in France and second-busiest airport in Europe . Opened in 1974 , it is located in Roissy-en-France , 23 km ( 14 mi ) northeast of Paris . It is named after Charles de Gaulle ( 1890-1970 ) . Charles de Gaulle Airport is located within portions of several communes in Val-d'Oise , Seine-Saint-Denis and Seine-et-Marne . It serves as the principal hub for Air France and a destination for other legacy carriers ( from Star Alliance , Oneworld and SkyTeam ) , as well as a focus city for low-cost carriers easyJet , Vueling , and Norwegian Air Shuttle . The Airport is operated by Groupe ADP under the brand Paris Aéroport . In 2019 , the airport handled 76,150,007 passengers and 498,175 aircraft movements , thus making it the world 's tenth-busiest airport , and Europe 's second-busiest airport ( after London Heathrow ) in terms of passenger numbers . In terms of cargo traffic , the airport is the twelfth-busiest in the world and the second-busiest in Europe ( after Frankfurt Airport ) , handling 2,150,950 metric tonnes of cargo in 2012 . As of 2017 , the airport offers direct flights to the most countries and hosts the most airlines in the world . Marc Houalla has been the director of the airport since 12 February 2018 .
Rostov-on-Don ( Russian : Росто́в-на-Дону́ , tr . Rostov-na-Donu , IPA : [ rɐˈstof nə dɐˈnu ] ) is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia . It lies in the southeastern part of the East European Plain on the Don River , 32 kilometers ( 20 mi ) from the Sea of Azov . The southwestern suburbs of the city abut the Don River delta . The population is over one million people ( 1,125,000 ) .
Rostov-on-Don Airport ( Russian : Аэропорт Ростов-на-Дону ) Aeroport Rostov-na-Donu ( IATA : RVI ( after Nov 26 , 2017 ) / ROV ( before Nov 27 , 2017 ) , ICAO : URRR ) was an international airport located 8 km ( 5 mi ) east of the city of Rostov-on-Don , in southern Russia . It was one of the largest airports in the south-west of Russia and the 12th busiest in the country . It was founded in 1925 and was designated an international airport in 1986 . The airport served 50 destinations in Russia and abroad and hosted 30 airlines . It was a hub for Donavia . In 2015 , Rostov Airport handled 2.06 million passengers , including 565 thousand on international routes . All regular and charter flights were transferred to Platov International Airport by 7 December 2017 11:00 . As of now [ when ? ] airport is being closed for further demolition , by 1 March 2018 the old airport was scheduled to be officially closed .
Saint Petersburg ( Russian : Санкт-Петербу́рг , tr . Sankt-Peterburg , IPA : [ ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk ] ( listen ) ) , formerly and still commonly known as Leningrad ( Russian : Ленинград ) is a city situated on the Neva River , at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea . It is Russia 's second-largest city after Moscow . With over 5,351,935 million inhabitants as of 2018 , it is the fourth-most populous city in Europe . An important Russian port on the Baltic Sea , it has a status of a federal subject ( a federal city ) . The city was founded by Tsar Peter the Great on 27 May [ O.S . 16 May ] 1703 , on the site of a captured Swedish fortress . It served as a capital of Russian Tsardom and the subsequent Russian Empire from 1713 to 1918 ( being replaced by Moscow for a short period of time between 1728 and 1730 ) . After the October Revolution , the Bolsheviks moved their government to Moscow . In modern times , Saint Petersburg is considered the Northern Capital and serves as a home to some federal government bodies such as the Constitutional Court of Russia and the Heraldic Council of the President of the Russian Federation . It is also a seat for the National Library of Russia and a planned location for the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation . The Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments constitute a UNESCO World Heritage Site , so it 's also referred to as Russia 's Culture Capital .
Pulkovo Airport ( Russian : Аэропорт Пулково , IPA : [ ˈpulkəvə ] ) ( IATA : LED , ICAO : ULLI ) is an international airport serving St. Petersburg , Russia . It consists of one terminal , Terminal 1 which is located 23 km ( 14 mi ) south of the city centre . The airport serves as a hub for Aeroflot and as focus city for Smartavia . Pulkovo International Airport is responsible for serving the citizens of Saint Petersburg , as well as the Leningrad Oblast : a total of 6,120,000 people .
Samara ( Russian : Сама́ра , IPA : [ sɐˈmarə ] ) , known from 1935 to 1991 as Kuybyshev ( Куйбышев ; IPA : [ ˈkujbɨʂɨf ] ) , is the ninth largest city in Russia and the administrative center of Samara Oblast . Some statistics indicate that it is the eighth or ninth-largest city by population , rather than sixth . It is in the southeastern part of European Russia at the confluence of the Volga and Samara rivers , on the east bank of the Volga which acts as the city 's western boundary ; across the river are the Zhiguli Mountains , after which the local beer ( Zhigulyovskoye ) is named . The northern boundary is formed by the Sokolyi Hills and by the steppes in the south and east . The city covers 46,597 hectares ( 115,140 acres ) , with a population of 1,164,685 ( 2010 Census ) ; the metropolitan area of Samara , Tolyatti and Syzran has a population of over 3 million . It is about 300 kilometres ( 190 mi ) from Kazan , 410 kilometres ( 250 mi ) from Ufa , 340 kilometres ( 210 mi ) from Saratov and 235 kilometres ( 146 mi ) from Oral , Kazakhstan . Formerly a closed city , Samara is now a large and important social , political , economic , industrial , and cultural centre in European Russia and hosted the European Union - Russia Summit in May 2007 . It has a continental climate characterised by hot summers and cold winters . The life of Samara 's citizens has always been intrinsically linked to the Volga River , which has not only served as the main commercial thoroughfare of Russia throughout several centuries , but also has great visual appeal . Samara 's riverfront is considered one of the favourite recreation places both for local citizens and tourists . After the Soviet novelist Vasily Aksyonov visited Samara , he remarked : I am not sure where in the West one can find such a long and beautiful embankment .
Kurumoch International Airport ( Russian : Международный аэропорт Курумоч ) ( IATA : KUF , ICAO : UWWW ) is the international airport of Samara , Russia , located 35 km ( 22 mi ) north of the city . Besides Samara , the airport serves Tolyatti - the second largest city in the region . The name of the airport originated from the closest village Kurumoch 7 km ( 4 mi ) southwest . Kurumoch was used as a hub for Samara Airlines until the airline 's bankruptcy . In 2011 , Kurumoch was acquired by the largest airport holding and management company in Russia , Airports of Regions .
Sochi ( Russian : Со́чи , IPA : [ ˈsotɕɪ ] ( listen ) ) is a city in Krasnodar Krai , Russia , located on the Black Sea coast near the border between Georgia/Abkhazia and Russia . The Greater Sochi area , which includes territories and localities subordinated to Sochi proper , has a total area of 3,526 square kilometers ( 1,361 sq mi ) and sprawls for 145 kilometers ( 90 mi ) along the shores of the Black Sea near the Caucasus Mountains . [ citation needed ] The area of the city proper is 176.77 square kilometers ( 68.25 sq mi ) . According to the 2010 Census , the city had a permanent population of 343,334 , up from 328,809 recorded in the 2002 Census , making it Russia 's largest resort city . Being part of the Caucasian Riviera , it is one of the very few places in Russia with a subtropical climate , with warm to hot summers and mild winters . With the alpine and Nordic events held at the nearby ski resort of Rosa Khutor in Krasnaya Polyana , Sochi hosted the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games in 2014 , as well as the Russian Formula 1 Grand Prix from 2014 until at least 2020 . It was also one of the host cities for the 2018 FIFA World Cup .
Sochi International Airport ( Russian : Международный Аэропорт Сочи ; IATA : AER , ICAO : URSS ) is an airport located in Adler District of the resort city of Sochi , on the coast of the Black Sea in the federal subject of Krasnodar Krai , Russia . Sochi International Airport is among the ten largest Russian airports , with an annual passenger turnover of 5.2 million . The airport is run by an international joint venture of Basic Element group , Sberbank and Changi Airports International . The airport has been recognized as the best regional airport at the 3rd annual forum Development of Russia and CIS airports - 2013 , held by Adam Smith Conference . Sochi International Airport was the main gateway during the 2014 Winter Olympics . It served over 350,000 passengers on February 1-28 , 2014 . Over 2,800 tons of luggage was handled during the Olympic period .
Stavropol ( /stævˈroʊpəl/ , Russian : Ставрополь , IPA : [ ˈstavrəpəlʲ ] ) a city and the administrative center of Stavropol Krai , Russia . As of the 2010 Census , its population was 398,539 . It was previously known as Voroshilovsk ( until January 12 , 1943 ) .
Stavropol Shpakovskoye Airport ( IATA : STW , ICAO : URMT ) ( sometimes appearing as Mikhaylovskoye ) is an airport in Stavropol Krai , Russia located 13 km northeast of Stavropol . It services medium-sized airliners with 14 parking spaces . It is also a small military training base , previously home to the Stavropol Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots and Navigators PVO im . Marshal of Aviation V.A . Sudts ( SVVAULSh ) , and 163rd OUAE ( Separate Training Aviation Squadron ) flying the Mi-8 . The school was formed on 1 November 1969 and controlled four training aviation regiments ( at Salsk , Khankala , Tikhoretsk , and Kholodnogorsk ) . In 1993 the school was renamed the Stavropol Higher Aviation Engineering Institute , with schools at Stavropol , Daugavpils and Lomonosov .
Tel Aviv-Yafo , often referred to as just Tel Aviv , is the most populous city in the Gush Dan metropolitan area of Israel . Located on the Israeli Mediterranean coastline and with a population of 451,523 , it is the economic and technological center of the country . If East Jerusalem is considered part of Israel , Tel Aviv is the country 's second most populous city after Jerusalem ; if not , Tel Aviv is the most populous city before West Jerusalem . [ a ] Tel Aviv is governed by the Tel Aviv-Yafo Municipality , headed by Mayor Ron Huldai , and is home to many foreign embassies . [ b ] It is a global city and is ranked 25th in the Global Financial Centres Index . Tel Aviv has the third- or fourth-largest economy and the largest economy per capita in the Middle East . The city has the 31st highest cost of living in the world . Tel Aviv receives over 2.5 million international visitors annually . A party capital in the Middle East , it has a lively nightlife and 24-hour culture . Tel Aviv has been called The World 's Vegan Food Capital , as it possesses the highest per capita population of vegans in the world , with many vegan eateries throughout the city . Tel Aviv is home to Tel Aviv University , the largest university in the country with more than 30,000 students . The city was founded in 1909 by the Yishuv ( Jewish residents ) as a modern housing estate on the outskirts of the ancient port city of Jaffa , then part of the Jerusalem province of Ottoman Syria .
Ben Gurion Airport ( Hebrew : נמל התעופה בן-גוריון ; Arabic : مطار بن غوريون الدولي ) ( IATA : TLV , ICAO : LLBG ) , commonly known by its Hebrew acronym as Natbag ( נתב״ג ) , is the main international airport of Israel and the busiest airport in the country , located on the northern outskirts of the city of Lod , which is about 45 km ( 28 mi ) northwest of Jerusalem and 20 km ( 12 mi ) to the southeast of Tel Aviv . Named in 1973 after Israel 's first Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion , the airport serves as a hub for El Al , Israir Airlines , Arkia , and Sun D'Or . It is operated by the Israel Airports Authority , a government-owned corporation that manages all public airports and border crossings in Israel . In 2019 , Ben Gurion handled 24.8 million passengers . The airport is considered to be among the five best airports in the Middle East due to its passenger experience and its high level of security . Security forces such as Israel Police officers , IDF and Israel Border Police soldiers are complemented by airport security guards who operate both in uniform and undercover . The airport has been the target of several terrorist attacks , but no attempt to hijack a plane departing from Ben Gurion airport has ever succeeded .
Vladikavkaz ( Russian : Владикавка́з , IPA : [ vlədʲɪkɐˈfkas ] , lit . ruler of the Caucasus ; Ossetian : Дзæуджыхъæу , romanized : Dzæudžyqæu Ossetian pronunciation : [ ˈd͡zæwd͡ʒəqæw ] , lit . Dzaug [ ru ] 's settlement ) , formerly known as Ordzhonikidze ( Орджоники́дзе ) and Dzaudzhikau ( Дзауджика́у ) , is the capital city of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania , Russia . It is located in the southeast of the republic at the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains , situated on the Terek River . Population : 311,693 ( 2010 Census ) ; 315,068 ( 2002 Census ) ; 300,198 ( 1989 Census ) . Vladikavkaz is one of the most populous cities in the North Caucasus . The city is an industrial and transportation centre . Manufactured products include processed zinc and lead , machinery , chemicals , clothing and food products .
Beslan Airport ( Ossetian : Аэропорт Беслӕн , Russian : Аэропорт Беслан ) ( IATA : OGZ , ICAO : URMO ) , also known as Vladikavkaz International Airport , is a civilian airport in North Ossetia-Alania , Russia located 5 kilometres ( 3.1 mi ) northeast of Beslan and 15 kilometres ( 9.3 mi ) from Vladikavkaz . It is a small airport servicing medium-sized airliners . It has parking places for five large aircraft and nine smaller ones . In 2017 , 349,684 passengers are transited in this airport . The airport has two terminals , one domestic and one international . The international terminal serves occasional charter flights to Antalya ( Turkey ) and a few other destinations . The airport 's operational hours are from 09h00 to 20h00 ( UTC+03:00 ) . On November 18 , 2008 the airport was certified to service the Airbus A319 . This type of aircraft will replace the Tupolev Tu-154 on S7 Airlines services to Moscow-Domodedovo . The A319 is ideal for flights to Vladikavkaz because it exerts an acceptable load on the runway during takeoff and landing compared to the Boeing 737-500 , which type was banned from the airport in 2007 .
Yerevan ( UK : /ˌjɛrəˈvæn/ YERR-ə-VAN , US : /-ˈvɑːn/ -⁠VAHN ; Armenian : Երևան [ a ] [ jɛɾɛˈvɑn ] ( listen ) , sometimes spelled Erevan ) [ b ] is the capital and largest city of Armenia as well as one of the world 's oldest continuously inhabited cities . Situated along the Hrazdan River , Yerevan is the administrative , cultural , and industrial center of the country . It has been the capital since 1918 , the fourteenth in the history of Armenia and the seventh located in or around the Ararat plain . The city also serves as the seat of the Araratian Pontifical Diocese ; the largest diocese of the Armenian Apostolic Church and one of the oldest dioceses in the world . The history of Yerevan dates back to the 8th century BC , with the founding of the fortress of Erebuni in 782 BC by king Argishti I at the western extreme of the Ararat plain . Erebuni was designed as a great administrative and religious centre , a fully royal capital . By the late ancient Armenian Kingdom , new capital cities were established and Yerevan declined in importance . Under Iranian and Russian rule , it was the center of the Erivan Khanate from 1736 to 1828 and the Erivan Governorate from 1850 to 1917 , respectively . After World War I , Yerevan became the capital of the First Republic of Armenia as thousands of survivors of the Armenian Genocide in the Ottoman Empire arrived in the area . The city expanded rapidly during the 20th century as Armenia became part of the Soviet Union . In a few decades , Yerevan was transformed from a provincial town within the Russian Empire to Armenia 's principal cultural , artistic , and industrial center , as well as becoming the seat of national government . With the growth of the Armenian economy , Yerevan has undergone major transformation .
Zvartnots International Airport ( Armenian : Զվարթնոց միջազգային օդանավակայան , ( IATA : EVN , ICAO : UDYZ ) is located near Zvartnots , 15 km ( 9.3 mi ) west of Yerevan , the capital city of Armenia . It acts as the main international airport of Armenia and is Yerevan 's main international transport hub . It is the busiest airport in the country .