List of works by Terence Cuneo
Military paintings or illustrations
Table:
Year

Title

Image

Dimensions

Collection

Comments

1939-1945
Invasion Scene (originally may have been untitled), oil on canvas
view
61 × 76 cm. (24 × 29.9 in.)
The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: troop-carrying Airspeed Horsa aircraft land in field amidst tank battle. Artwork created for Ministry of Information during Second World War. INF3/19

1939-1945
Coastal Battery Scene (originally may have been untitled; or Back Them Up!), oil on board
view
70.1 × 53.4 cm. (27.6 × 21.0 in.)
The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Artwork created for Ministry of Information during Second World War. INF 3/21

1939-1945
Invasion Scene in Far East) (originally may have been untitled), oil and mixed media on board
view
46.8 x 60.7 cm. (18.4 x 23.9 in.)
The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Artwork created for Ministry of Information during Second World War. INF 3/28

1939-1945
Aircraft Attack British Battleship (originally may have been untitled), oil on board
view
64.4 × 49.2 cm. (25.4 × 19.4 in.)
The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Artwork created for Ministry of Information during Second World War. INF 3/45

1939-1945
Publicity for Latin America: Assault (5 scenes untitled), black carbon ink and black fabricated chalk drawings with white gouache highlights and masking

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: Royal Indian Navy and British Troops co-operating. INF 3/1472

1939-1945
Publicity for Latin America: In Peace and War (4 scenes untitled), black carbon ink and black fabricated chalk drawings with white gouache

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: yachts and motor torpedo boats. INF 3/1479

1939-1945
Under Nazi Rule: Resistance Movement Series (individual scenes untitled), charcoal and gouache on paper
view

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: man and woman in cellar listening to radio, likely coded messages. INF 3/1787

1939-1945
Under Nazi Rule: Resistance Movement Series (individual scenes untitled), fabricated black chalk/charcoal and white gouache

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: gang clearing wrecked train from railway line. INF 3/1788

1939-1945
Under Nazi Rule: Resistance Movement Series (individual scenes untitled), fabricated black chalk/charcoal and white gouache

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: priest preaching in damaged church. INF 3/1789

1939-1945
Under Nazi Rule: Resistance Movement Series (individual scenes untitled), fabricated black chalk/charcoal and white gouache

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: wounded man attended by Dutch family. INF 3/1790

1939-1945
Under Nazi Rule: Resistance Movement Series (individual scenes untitled), fabricated black chalk/charcoal and white gouache

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: German firing squad and Resistance man. INF 3/1791

1939-1945
Under Nazi Rule: Resistance Movement Series (individual scenes untitled), fabricated black chalk/charcoal and white gouache

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: inside French bakery. INF 3/1792

1939-1945
Under Nazi Rule: Resistance Movement Series (individual scenes untitled), fabricated black chalk/charcoal and white gouache

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: scene in dockside office. INF 3/1793

1939-1945
Under Nazi Rule: Resistance Movement Series (individual scenes untitled), fabricated black chalk/charcoal and white gouache

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: civilian men being herded into railway carriage by German soldiers. INF 3/1794

1939-1945
Under Nazi Rule: Resistance Movement Series (individual scenes untitled), fabricated black chalk/charcoal and white gouache

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: parachutist dropping at night amongst windmills. INF 3/1795

1939-1945
Under Nazi Rule: Resistance Movement Series (individual scenes untitled), fabricated black chalk/charcoal and white gouache

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: 2 Resistance fighters watching railway engine guarded by soldier. INF 3/1796

1939-1945
Under Nazi Rule: Resistance Movement Series (individual scenes untitled), fabricated black chalk/charcoal and white gouache

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: German soldiers approaching pedlar/peddler. INF 3/1797

1939-1945
Under Nazi Rule: Resistance Movement Series (individual scenes untitled), fabricated black chalk/charcoal and white gouache

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: man and whip. INF 3/1798

1939-1945
Under Nazi Rule: Resistance Movement Series (individual scenes untitled), fabricated black chalk/charcoal and white gouache

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: arm and dagger and German sentry. INF 3/1799

1939-1945
Under Nazi Rule: Resistance Movement Series (individual scenes untitled), charcoal on board
view

The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK
Scene: distressed male figure in prison uniform sitting in corner of cell. INF 3/1800

From the accompanying table and the textual context listed.

Solve the question: How many separate organisations was a department formerly that has a collection that has a title that comments on a war that is said to have begun on 1 September 1939 ? Provide just your answer in a JSON object {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Do not introduce information beyond the provided sources.

The National Archives ( TNA , Welsh : Yr Archifau Cenedlaethol ) is a non-ministerial government department . Its parent department is the Department for Digital , Culture , Media and Sport of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland . It is the official archive of the UK government and for England and Wales ; and guardian of some of the nation 's most iconic documents , dating back more than 1,000 years . There are separate national archives for Scotland ( the National Records of Scotland ) and Northern Ireland ( the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland ) . TNA was formerly four separate organisations : the Public Record Office ( PRO ) , the Historical Manuscripts Commission , the Office of Public Sector Information ( OPSI ) and Her Majesty 's Stationery Office ( HMSO ) . The Public Record Office still exists as a legal entity , as the enabling legislation has not been modified , and documents held by the institution thus continue to be cited by many scholars as part of the PRO . Since 2008 , TNA has also hosted the former UK Statute Law Database , now known as legislation.gov.uk . It is institutional policy to include the definite article , with an initial capital letter , in its name ( hence The National Archives , abbreviated as TNA ) but this practice is not always followed in the non-specialist media .
The Airspeed AS.51 Horsa was a British troop-carrying glider used during the Second World War . It was developed and manufactured by Airspeed Limited , alongside various subcontractors ; the type was named after Horsa , the legendary 5th-century conqueror of southern Britain . Having been greatly impressed by the effective use of airborne operations by Nazi Germany during the early stages of the Second World War , such as during the Battle of France , the Allied powers sought to establish capable counterpart forces of their own . The British War Office , determining that the role of gliders would be an essential component of such airborne forces , proceeded to examine available options . An evaluation of the General Aircraft Hotspur found it to lack the necessary size , thus Specification X.26/40 was issued . It was from this specification that Airspeed Limited designed the Horsa , a large glider capable of accommodating up to 30 fully equipped paratroopers , which was designated as the AS 51 . The Horsa was inducted in large numbers by the British Army Air Corps and the Royal Air Force ( RAF ) ; both services used it to conduct various air assault operations through the conflict . The type was used to perform an unsuccessful attack on the German Heavy Water Plant at Rjukan in Norway , known as Operation Freshman , and during the invasion of Sicily , known as Operation Husky . Large numbers of Horsa were subsequently used during the opening stages of the Battle of Normandy , being used in the British Operation Tonga and American operations . It was also deployed in quantity during Operation Dragoon , Operation Market Garden , and Operation Varsity . Further use of the Horsa was made by various other armed forces , including the United States Army Air Forces .
The Ministry of Information ( MOI ) , headed by the Minister of Information , was a United Kingdom government department created briefly at the end of the First World War and again during the Second World War . Located in Senate House at the University of London during the 1940s , it was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda .
World War II ( often abbreviated to WWII or WW2 ) , also known as the Second World War , was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945 . The vast majority of the world 's countries - including all the great powers - eventually formed two opposing military alliances : the Allies and the Axis . A state of total war emerged , directly involving more than 100 million people from more than 30 countries . The major participants threw their entire economic , industrial , and scientific capabilities behind the war effort , blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources . World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history , marked by 70 to 85 million fatalities , most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China . It included massacres , the genocide of the Holocaust , strategic bombing , premeditated death from starvation and disease , and the only use of nuclear weapons in war . Japan , which aimed to dominate Asia and the Pacific , was at war with China by 1937 , [ b ] though neither side had declared war on the other . World War II is generally said to have begun on 1 September 1939 , with the invasion of Poland by Germany and subsequent declarations of war on Germany by France and the United Kingdom . From late 1939 to early 1941 , in a series of campaigns and treaties , Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe , and formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan . Under the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939 , Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned and annexed territories of their European neighbours , Poland , Finland , Romania and the Baltic states . Following the onset of campaigns in North Africa and East Africa , and the Fall of France in mid 1940 , the war continued primarily between the European Axis powers and the British Empire . War in the Balkans , the aerial Battle of Britain , the Blitz , and the long Battle of the Atlantic followed .
The Royal Indian Navy ( RIN ) was the naval force of British India and the Dominion of India . Along with the Presidency armies , later the Indian Army , and from 1932 the Indian Air Force , it was one of the Armed Forces of British India . From its origins in 1612 as the East India Company 's Marine , the Navy underwent various changes , including changes to its name . Over time it was named the Bombay Marine ( 1686 ) , the Bombay Marine Corps ( 1829 ) , the Indian Navy ( 1830 ) , Her Majesty 's Indian Navy ( 1858 ) , the Bombay and Bengal Marine ( 1863 ) , the Indian Defence Force ( 1871 ) , Her Majesty 's Indian Marine ( 1877 ) and the Royal Indian Marine ( 1892 ) . It was finally named the Royal Indian Navy in 1934 . However , it remained a relatively small force until the Second World War , when it was greatly expanded . After the partition of India into two independent states in 1947 , the Navy was split between Pakistan and India . One-third of the assets and personnel were assigned to Royal Pakistan Navy . Approximately two thirds of the fleet remained with the Union of India , as did all land assets within its territory . This force , still under the name of Royal Indian Navy , became the navy of the Dominion of India until the country became a republic on 26 January 1950 . It was then renamed the Indian Navy .
Resistance movements during World War II occurred in every occupied country by a variety of means , ranging from non-cooperation to propaganda to hiding crashed pilots and even to outright warfare and the recapturing of towns . In many countries , resistance movements were sometimes also referred to as The Underground . Among the most notable resistance movements were the Polish Resistance , including the Polish Home Army , Leśni , and the whole Polish Underground State ; Yugoslav Partisans , the Soviet partisans , [ a ] the Italian Resistenza led mainly by the Italian CLN ; the French Resistance , the Belgian Resistance , the Norwegian Resistance , the Danish Resistance , the Greek Resistance , the Czech resistance , the Albanian resistance , the Dutch Resistance especially the LO ( national hiding organisation ) and the politically persecuted opposition in Germany itself ( there were 16 main resistance groups and at least 27 failed attempts to assassinate Hitler with many more planned ) : in short , across German-occupied Europe . Many countries had resistance movements dedicated to fighting or undermining the Axis invaders , and Nazi Germany itself also had an anti-Nazi movement . Although Britain was not occupied during the war , the British made complex preparations for a British resistance movement . The main organisation was created by the Secret Intelligence Service ( SIS , aka MI6 ) and is now known as Section VII . In addition there was a short-term secret commando force called the Auxiliary Units . Various organizations were also formed to establish foreign resistance cells or support existing resistance movements , like the British Special Operations Executive and the American Office of Strategic Services ( the forerunner of the Central Intelligence Agency ) . There were also resistance movements fighting against the Allied invaders . In Italian East Africa , after the Italian forces were defeated during the East African Campaign , some Italians participated in a guerrilla war against the British ( 1941-1943 ) . The German Nazi resistance movement ( Werwolf ) never amounted to much . The Forest Brothers of Estonia , Latvia and Lithuania included many fighters who operated against the Soviet occupation of the Baltic States into the 1960s .