List of Wimbledon gentlemen's singles champions
Statistics -- Championships by country
Table:
Country

Amateur Era

Open Era

All-time

First title

Last title

United Kingdom (UK)[e][k]
35
2
37
1877
2016

United States (USA)
18
15
33
1920
2000

Australia (AUS)
15
6
21
1907
2002

Switzerland (SUI)
0
8
8
2003
2017

France (FRA)
7
0
7
1924
1946

Sweden (SWE)
0
7
7
1976
1990

Serbia (SRB)
0
5
5
2011
2019

Germany (GER)[l]
0
4
4
1985
1991

New Zealand (NZL)
4
0
4
1910
1913

Spain (ESP)
1
2
3
1966
2010

Croatia (CRO)
0
1
1
2001
2001

Czechoslovakia (TCH) ¤[m]
0
1
1
1973
1973

Egypt (EGY)
1
0
1
1954
1954

Netherlands (NED)
0
1
1
1996
1996

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Solve the question: How many cantons are in the country with the fewest more all-time Wimbledon men 's singles titles than France ? Provide just your answer in a JSON object {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Base your answer solely on the given information.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , commonly known as the United Kingdom ( UK or U.K. ) or Britain , [ note 11 ] is a sovereign country located off the north­western coast of the European mainland . Existing under its current name since 1921 , the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain , the north­eastern part of the island of Ireland , and many smaller islands . Northern Ireland shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland . Otherwise , the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to the east , the English Channel to the south and the Celtic Sea to the southwest , giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world . The Irish Sea separates Great Britain and Ireland . The total area of the United Kingdom is 94,000 square miles ( 240,000 km2 ) . The United Kingdom is a unitary parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy . [ note 12 ] The current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II , who has reigned since 1952 , making her the world 's longest-serving current head of state . The United Kingdom 's capital and largest city is London , a global city and financial centre with an urban area population of 10.3 million . Other major cities include Birmingham , Manchester , Glasgow , Leeds and Liverpool . The United Kingdom consists of four constituent countries : England , Scotland , Wales , and Northern Ireland . Their capitals are London , Edinburgh , Cardiff , and Belfast , respectively .
The 1877 Wimbledon Championship was a men 's tennis tournament held at the All England Croquet and Lawn Tennis Club ( AEC & LTC ) in Wimbledon , London . It was the world 's first official lawn tennis tournament , and was later recognised as the first Grand Slam tournament or Major . The AEC & LTC had been founded in July 1868 , as the All England Croquet Club ; lawn tennis was introduced in February 1875 to compensate for the waning interest in croquet . In June 1877 the club decided to organise a tennis tournament to pay for the repair of its pony roller , needed to maintain the lawns . A set of rules was drawn up for the tournament , derived from the first standardised rules of tennis issued by the Marylebone Cricket Club in May 1875 . The Gentlemen 's Singles competition , the only event of the championship , was contested on grass courts by 22 players who each paid one guinea to participate . The tournament started on 9 July 1877 , and the final - delayed for three days by rain - was played on 19 July in front of a crowd of about 200 people who each paid an entry fee of one shilling . The winner received 12 guineas in prize money and a silver challenge cup , valued at 25 guineas , donated by the sports magazine The Field . Spencer Gore , a 27-year-old rackets player from Wandsworth , became the first Wimbledon champion by defeating William Marshall , a 28-year-old real tennis player , in three straight sets in a final that lasted 48 minutes . The tournament made a profit of £10 and the pony roller remained in use . An analysis made after the tournament led to some modifications of the rules regarding the court dimensions .
The 2016 Wimbledon Championships was a Grand Slam tennis tournament which took place at All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London , United Kingdom . The main draw commenced on 27 June 2016 and concluded on 10 July 2016 . 2016 was the 130th edition of the championships , the 49th in the Open Era and the third Grand Slam tournament of the year . It was played on grass courts and was part of the ATP World Tour , the WTA Tour , the ITF Junior tour and the NEC Tour . The tournament was organised by All England Lawn Tennis Club and International Tennis Federation . Novak Djokovic was the two-time defending champion in the Gentlemen 's Singles , but he lost in the third round to Sam Querrey , ending a 30-match winning streak in Grand Slams and Djokovic 's hopes of becoming the first man to achieve the golden calendar slam . The Gentlemen 's Singles title was won by Andy Murray . Serena Williams successfully defended her Ladies ' Singles title and equaled Steffi Graf 's Open Era record of 22 major singles titles . The Gentlemen 's Doubles event consisted of 'best of three sets ' matches for Rounds 1 and 2 in order to help with 'catch-up ' scheduling due to a rain stricken first week . It was also the first time since 2004 that play took place on Middle Sunday , also known as the People 's Sunday due to the fact that no tickets are sold in advance or through the ballot and all seats are made available on general sale the day before . For the first time in the championships ' history singles events were held in the wheelchair competitions . Australian Lleyton Hewitt , the 2002 Men 's Singles champion , two-time Grand Slam champion and former world No .
The United States of America ( USA ) , commonly known as the United States ( U.S. or US ) or America , is a country consisting of 50 states , a federal district , five major self-governing territories , and various possessions . [ g ] At 3.8 million square miles ( 9.8 million km2 ) , it is the world 's third or fourth-largest country by total area [ b ] and is slightly smaller than the entire continent of Europe . Most of the country is located in central North America between Canada and Mexico . With an estimated population of over 328 million , the U.S. is the third most populous country in the world . The capital is Washington , D.C. , and the most populous city is New York City . Paleo-Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 12,000 years ago . European colonization began in the 16th century . The United States emerged from the thirteen British colonies established along the East Coast . Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies led to the American Revolutionary War lasting between 1775 and 1783 , leading to independence . The United States embarked on a vigorous expansion across North America throughout the 19th century - gradually acquiring new territories , displacing Native Americans , and admitting new states - until by 1848 it spanned the continent . During the second half of the 19th century , the American Civil War led to the abolition of slavery in the United States . The Spanish-American War and World War I confirmed the country 's status as a global military power .
The 1920 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London , United Kingdom . The tournament ran from 21 June until 3 July . It was the 40th staging of the Wimbledon Championships , and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1920 .
The 2000 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London in England . It was the 114th edition of the Wimbledon Championships and were held from 26 June to 9 July 2000 . It was the third Grand Slam tennis event of the year . Pete Sampras won his fourth consecutive Wimbledon title , defeating Pat Rafter in the final . It was also his last Wimbledon title . Lindsay Davenport was unsuccessful in her title defence , being defeated by Venus Williams in the women 's final . It was the first of five Wimbledon titles for Venus Williams .
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia , is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent , the island of Tasmania , and numerous smaller islands . It is the largest country in Oceania and the world 's sixth-largest country by total area . The population of 26 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard . Australia 's capital is Canberra , and its largest city is Sydney . The country 's other major metropolitan areas are Melbourne , Brisbane , Perth , and Adelaide . Indigenous Australians inhabited the continent for about 65,000 years prior to the first arrival of Dutch explorers in the early 17th century , who named it New Holland . In 1770 , Australia 's eastern half was claimed by Great Britain and initially settled through penal transportation to the colony of New South Wales from 26 January 1788 , a date which became Australia 's national day . The population grew steadily in subsequent decades , and by the time of an 1850s gold rush , most of the continent had been explored and an additional five self-governing crown colonies established . On 1 January 1901 , the six colonies federated , forming the Commonwealth of Australia . Australia has since maintained a stable liberal democratic political system that functions as a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy , comprising six states and ten territories . Australia is the oldest , flattest , and driest inhabited continent , with the least fertile soils . It has a landmass of 7,617,930 square kilometres ( 2,941,300 sq mi ) .
The 1907 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London , United Kingdom . The tournament ran from 24 June until 5 July . It was the 31st staging of the Wimbledon Championships , and the first Grand Slam tennis event of 1907 . The Prince and Princess of Wales ( the future George V and Queen Mary ) came as spectators . The Centre Court was protected by a tarpaulin cover for the first time .
The 2002 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London in England . It was the 116th edition of the Wimbledon Championships and were held from 24 June to 7 July 2002 . It was the third Grand Slam tennis event of the year . Goran Ivanišević did not defend his title this year . Lleyton Hewitt , the World No.1 , defeated David Nalbandian in the final in straight sets to win his second Grand Slam title and first Wimbledon title . He became the first Australian since Pat Cash in 1987 to win Wimbledon . Venus Williams was unsuccessful in her title defence , being defeated in the final by her younger sister Serena in the women 's final .
Switzerland , officially the Swiss Confederation , is a country situated in the confluence of western , central , and southern Europe . [ note 4 ] It is a federal republic composed of 26 cantons , with federal authorities seated in Bern . [ note 1 ] Switzerland is a landlocked country bordered by Italy to the south , France to the west , Germany to the north , and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east . It is geographically divided among the Swiss Plateau , the Alps , and the Jura , spanning a total area of 41,285 km2 ( 15,940 sq mi ) , and land area of 39,997 km2 ( 15,443 sq mi ) . While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory , the Swiss population of approximately 8.5 million is concentrated mostly on the plateau , where the largest cities are located , among them the two global cities and economic centres of Zürich and Geneva . The establishment of the Old Swiss Confederacy dates to the late medieval period , resulting from a series of military successes against Austria and Burgundy . Swiss independence from the Holy Roman Empire was formally recognized in the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 . The Federal Charter of 1291 is considered the founding document of Switzerland which is celebrated on Swiss National Day . Since the Reformation of the 16th century , Switzerland has maintained a strong policy of armed neutrality ; it has not fought an international war since 1815 and did not join the United Nations until 2002 . Nevertheless , it pursues an active foreign policy and is frequently involved in peace-building processes around the world . Switzerland is the birthplace of the Red Cross , one of the world 's oldest and best known humanitarian organisations , and is home to numerous international organisations , including the second largest UN office . It is a founding member of the European Free Trade Association , but notably not part of the European Union , the European Economic Area or the Eurozone .
The 2003 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London in England . It was the 117th edition of the Wimbledon Championships and were held from 23 June to 6 July 2003 . It was the third Grand Slam tennis event of the year . Lleyton Hewitt was unsuccessful in his 2002 title defence , being upset in the first round by Grand Slam debutant Ivo Karlović . It was the first time in the Open Era history of Wimbledon that a defending champion had lost in the first round , the second time overall . This Wimbledon was notable for being Roger Federer 's first grand slam victory when he defeated Mark Philippoussis in the final . This would be the first of five consecutive Wimbledon titles for Federer , and eight overall . Serena Williams successfully defended her 2002 title , defeating her sister Venus in the final for the second consecutive year .
The 2017 Wimbledon Championships was a Grand Slam tennis tournament that took place at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London , United Kingdom . The main draw matches commenced on 3 July 2017 and concluded on 16 July 2017 . Roger Federer won the Gentlemen 's Singles title for a record eighth time , surpassing Pete Sampras and William Renshaw , who both won the Gentlemen 's Singles title seven times . Garbiñe Muguruza won the Ladies ' Singles title . The 2017 tournament was the 131st edition of the championships , the 50th in the Open Era and the third Grand Slam tournament of the year . It is played on grass courts , organised by the All England Lawn Tennis Club and the International Tennis Federation and is part of the ATP World Tour , the WTA Tour , the ITF Junior tour and the NEC Tour . Andy Murray was the defending champion in the Gentlemen 's singles but lost to Sam Querrey in the quarterfinals . Two-time defending Ladies ' singles champion Serena Williams did not defend her title , as she ended her season in April due to pregnancy .
France ( French : [ fʁɑ̃s ] ( listen ) ) , officially the French Republic ( French : République française , pronounced [ ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛːz ] ( listen ) ) , is a country whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe and several overseas regions and territories . [ XIII ] The metropolitan area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea , and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean . It is bordered by Belgium , Luxembourg and Germany to the northeast , Switzerland and Italy to the east , and Andorra and Spain to the south . The overseas territories include French Guiana in South America and several islands in the Atlantic , Pacific and Indian oceans . The country 's 18 integral regions ( five of which are situated overseas ) span a combined area of 643,801 square kilometres ( 248,573 sq mi ) and a total population of 67.02 million ( as of July 2019 [ update ] ) . France is a unitary semi-presidential republic with its capital in Paris , the country 's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre . Other major urban areas include Lyon , Marseille , Toulouse , Bordeaux , Lille and Nice . France , including its overseas territories , has the most number of time zones of any country , with a total of 12 . During the Iron Age , what is now metropolitan France was inhabited by the Gauls , a Celtic people . Rome annexed the area in 51 BC , holding it until the arrival of Germanic Franks in 476 , who formed the Kingdom of Francia . The Treaty of Verdun of 843 partitioned Francia into East Francia , Middle Francia and West Francia . West Francia , which became the Kingdom of France in 987 , emerged as a major European power in the Late Middle Ages , following its victory in the Hundred Years ' War ( 1337-1453 ) .
The 1924 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London , United Kingdom . The tournament ran from 23 June until 5 July . It was the 44th staging of the Wimbledon Championships , and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1924 . This edition saw the introduction of a draw that made use of a seeding list . The seeding was based on nationality and aimed at preventing nominated players from the same nationality meeting before the later rounds . A maximum of four players could be nominated by a country and these would be seeded into four different quarters of the draw . In 1927 the system of seeding by nationality was extended with a merit-based seeding based on the ranking of players .
The 1946 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London , United Kingdom . The tournament was held from Monday 24 June until Saturday 6 July 1946 . It was the 60th staging of the Wimbledon Championships and the first one held after a six-year break due to World War II . In 1946 and 1947 Wimbledon was held before the French Championships and was thus the second Grand Slam tennis event of the year .
Sweden ( Swedish : Sverige [ ˈsvæ̌rjɛ ] ( listen ) ) , officially the Kingdom of Sweden ( Swedish : Konungariket Sverige [ ˈkôːnɵŋaˌriːkɛt ˈsvæ̌rjɛ ] ( listen ) ) , is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe . It borders Norway to the west and north and Finland to the east , and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund Strait . At 450,295 square kilometres ( 173,860 sq mi ) , Sweden is the largest country in Northern Europe , the third-largest country in the European Union and the fifth largest country in Europe by area . The capital city is Stockholm . Sweden has a total population of 10.3 million of which 2.5 million have a foreign background . Persons who have foreign backgrounds are defined as persons who are foreign born , or born in Sweden with foreign born parents . It has a low population density of 22 inhabitants per square kilometre ( 57/sq mi ) and the highest urban concentration is in the central and southern half of the country . Sweden is part of the geographical area of Fennoscandia . The climate is in general mild for its northerly latitude due to significant maritime influence . In spite of the high latitude , Sweden often has warm continental summers , being located in between the North Atlantic , the Baltic Sea and the vast Eurasian Russian landmass . The general climate and environment varies significantly from the south and north due to the vast latitudal difference and much of Sweden has reliably cold and snowy winters . Southern Sweden is predominantly agricultural , while the north is heavily forested and includes a portion of the Scandinavian Mountains .
The 1976 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London , United Kingdom . The tournament was held from Monday 21 June until Saturday 3 July 1976 . It was the 90th staging of the Wimbledon Championships , and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1976 . Björn Borg and Chris Evert won the singles title .
The 1990 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London in England . It was the 104th edition of the Wimbledon Championships and were held from 25 June to 8 July 1990 .
Serbia ( Serbian : Србија , romanized : Srbija , pronounced [ sř̩bija ] ) , [ note 1 ] officially the Republic of Serbia ( Serbian : Република Србија , romanized : Republika Srbija , pronounced [ repǔblika sř̩bija ] ) , is a land-locked country situated at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe in the southern Pannonian Plain and the central Balkans . It borders Hungary to the north , Romania to the northeast , Bulgaria to the southeast , North Macedonia to the south , Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina to the west , and Montenegro to the southwest . The country claims a border with Albania through the disputed territory of Kosovo . [ a ] Serbia 's population numbers approximately seven million . Its capital , Belgrade , ranks among the largest citiеs in southeastern Europe . Inhabited since the Paleolithic Age , the territory of modern-day Serbia faced Slavic migrations to Southeastern Europe in the 6th century , establishing several regional states in the early Middle Ages at times recognised as tributaries to the Byzantine , Frankish and Hungarian kingdoms . The Serbian Kingdom obtained recognition by the Holy See and Constantinople in 1217 , reaching its territorial apex in 1346 as the relatively short-lived Serbian Empire . By the mid-16th century , the Ottomans annexed the entirety of modern-day Serbia ; their rule was at times interrupted by the Habsburg Empire , which began expanding towards Central Serbia from the end of the 17th century while maintaining a foothold in Vojvodina . In the early 19th century , the Serbian Revolution established the nation-state as the region 's first constitutional monarchy , which subsequently expanded its territory . Following disastrous casualties in World War I , and the subsequent unification of the former Habsburg crownland of Vojvodina ( and other lands ) with Serbia , the country co-founded Yugoslavia with other South Slavic peoples , which would exist in various political formations until the Yugoslav Wars of the 1990s . During the breakup of Yugoslavia , Serbia formed a union with Montenegro , which was peacefully dissolved in 2006 and restoring Serbia 's independence as a sovereign state for the first time since the late 1910s . In 2008 , the parliament of the province of Kosovo unilaterally declared independence , with mixed responses from the international community .
The 2011 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London in England . It was the 125th edition of the Wimbledon Championships and were held from 20 June to 3 July 2011 . It was the third Grand Slam tennis event of the year and was part of the ATP World Tour , the WTA Tour , the ITF Junior Tour and the NEC Tour . The championships were organised by the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club and the International Tennis Federation . In the professional tournaments there were two new singles champions for the first time since 2002 : Novak Djokovic and Petra Kvitová . By reaching the final Djokovic also claimed the World No . 1 in the ATP rankings from Rafael Nadal , while Kvitová became the first Grand Slam event winner born in the 1990s . In the doubles the Bryan brothers claimed the men 's title for a second time , and equalled the overall Grand Slam tournament record of 11 set by the Woodies , Mark Woodforde and Todd Woodbridge . In the women 's doubles Katarina Srebotnik won her first ladies major title after making four previous major finals . Srebotnik won alongside Květa Peschke ; this was Peschke 's first major title . In the mixed doubles Jürgen Melzer won his second major title , and first in the mixed doubles as he partnered Iveta Benešová to her first major title . In total , players from the Czech Republic ( Kvitová , Peschke , and Benešová ) were champions in three of the five main tour events in the tournament .
The 2019 Wimbledon Championships was a Grand Slam tennis tournament that took place at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London , United Kingdom . The main tournament began on Monday 1 July 2019 and finished on Sunday 14 July 2019 . The defending Gentlemen 's singles champion Novak Djokovic retained his title , while the defending Ladies ' singles champion Angelique Kerber lost in the second round to Lauren Davis . Simona Halep won the Ladies ' Singles title . This was the first Grand Slam tournament where both singles titles were won by players born in the Balkans . This was the first edition of the tournament to feature a standard tie break in the final set when the score in the set was 12 games all . The winner was the first player or pair to reach seven points whilst leading by two or more points or , in the case of a 6-6 point score , to establish a subsequent lead of two points . Henri Kontinen and John Peers won the first such tie break played in Wimbledon history , defeating Rajeev Ram and Joe Salisbury in a third round men 's doubles match . In men 's singles , the only such match was the final in which Novak Djokovic defeated Roger Federer , in what was also the longest final in tournament history lasting for 4 hours and 57 minutes . In the Women 's Singles , there are 16 qualifiers from 128 entrants , an increase from 12 qualifiers from 96 entrants . Doubles qualifying has been eliminated as a result . The change brings the qualification for the Women 's Singles into line with that for the Men 's Singles , which remains unchanged .
Germany ( German : Deutschland , German pronunciation : [ ˈdɔʏtʃlant ] ) , constitutionally the Federal Republic of Germany ( German : Bundesrepublik Deutschland , listen ( help·info ) ) , [ f ] is a country in Central and Western Europe . It borders Denmark to the north , Poland and the Czech Republic to the east , Austria and Switzerland to the south , France to the southwest , and Luxembourg , Belgium , and the Netherlands to the west . Germany includes 16 constituent states , covers an area of 357,386 square kilometres ( 137,988 sq mi ) , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate . With 83 million inhabitants , it is the second most populous state of Europe after Russia , the most populous state lying entirely in Europe , as well as the most populous member state of the European Union . Germany is a very decentralised country . Its capital and largest metropolis is Berlin , while Frankfurt serves as its financial capital and has the country 's busiest airport . Various Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity . A region named Germania was documented before AD 100 . Beginning in the 10th century , German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire . During the 16th century , northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation . After the collapse of the Holy Roman Empire , the German Confederation was formed in 1815 . The German revolutions of 1848-49 resulted in the Frankfurt Parliament establishing major democratic rights .
The 1985 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London in England . It was the 99th edition of the Wimbledon Championships and were held from 24 June to 7 July 1985 .
The 1991 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London in England . It was the 105th edition of the Wimbledon Championships and were held from 24 June to 7 July 1991 .
New Zealand ( Māori : Aotearoa [ aɔˈtɛaɾɔa ] ) is a sovereign island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean . The country has two main landmasses - the North Island ( Te Ika-a-Māui ) , and the South Island ( Te Waipounamu ) - and around 600 smaller islands . It has a total land area of 268,000 square kilometres ( 103,500 sq mi ) . New Zealand is about 2,000 kilometres ( 1,200 mi ) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and 1,000 kilometres ( 600 mi ) south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia , Fiji , and Tonga . Because of its remoteness , it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans . During its long period of isolation , New Zealand developed a distinct biodiversity of animal , fungal , and plant life . The country 's varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks , such as the Southern Alps , owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions . New Zealand 's capital city is Wellington , and its most populous city is Auckland . Sometime between 1250 and 1300 , Polynesians settled in the islands and developed a distinctive Māori culture . In 1642 , Dutch explorer Abel Tasman became the first European to sight New Zealand . In 1840 , representatives of the United Kingdom and Māori chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi , which declared British sovereignty over the islands . In 1841 , New Zealand became a colony within the British Empire and in 1907 it became a dominion ; it gained full statutory independence in 1947 and the British monarch remained the head of state .
The 1910 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London , United Kingdom . The tournament ran from 20 June until 30 June . It was the 34th staging of the Wimbledon Championships , and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1910 . The All England Club laid asphalt pathways round the courts . There was a field of 92 competitors for the men 's singles .
The 1913 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London , United Kingdom . The tournament ran from 23 June until 4 July . It was the 37th staging of the Wimbledon Championships , and the first Grand Slam tennis event of 1913 . The 1913 Wimbledon Championships for the first time included a Women 's Doubles and Mixed Doubles competition . The men 's entry consisted of 116 competitors .
Spain ( Spanish : España [ esˈpaɲa ] ( listen ) ) , officially the Kingdom of Spain ( Spanish : Reino de España ) , [ a ] [ b ] is a country in Southwestern Europe with some pockets of Spanish territory across the Strait of Gibraltar and the Atlantic Ocean . Its continental European territory is situated on the Iberian Peninsula . Its territory also includes two archipelagoes : the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa , and the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea . The African enclaves of Ceuta , Melilla , and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera make Spain the only European country to have a physical border with an African country ( Morocco ) . [ h ] Several small islands in the Alboran Sea are also part of Spanish territory . The country 's mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar ; to the north and northeast by France , Andorra , and the Bay of Biscay ; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean . With an area of 505,990 km2 ( 195,360 sq mi ) , Spain is the largest country in Southern Europe , the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union , and the fourth largest country in the European continent . By population ( about 47 million ) , Spain is the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union . Spain 's capital and largest city is Madrid ; other major urban areas include Barcelona , Valencia , Seville , Zaragoza , Málaga and Bilbao . Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula around 35,000 years ago . Iberian cultures along with ancient Phoenician , Greek , Celtic and Carthaginian settlements developed on the peninsula until it came under Roman rule around 200 BCE , after which the region was named Hispania , based on the earlier Phoenician name Sp ( a ) n or Spania . At the end of the Western Roman Empire the Germanic tribal confederations migrated from Central Europe , invaded the Iberian peninsula and established relatively independent realms in its western provinces , including the Suebi , Alans and Vandals .
The 1966 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London , United Kingdom . The tournament was held from Monday 20 June until Saturday 2 July 1966 . It was the 80th staging of the Wimbledon Championships , and the third Grand Slam tennis event of 1966 . Manuel Santana and Billie Jean King won the singles titles .
The 2010 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London in England . It was the 124th edition of the Wimbledon Championships and were held from 21 June to 4 July 2010 . It was the third Grand Slam tennis event of the year . The Queen of the United Kingdom , Elizabeth II attended on Thursday 24 June 2010 , for the first time in more than 30 years . Roger Federer was the defending men 's champion and first seed ( was actually ranked 2nd ) , but he was defeated in the quarterfinals by Tomáš Berdych . Berdych also defeated third seed Novak Djokovic in the semi-finals , but was defeated in straight sets by Rafael Nadal in the final . Nadal won his second Wimbledon title , having previously won the 2008 title . Serena Williams successfully defended the women 's crown , defeating Vera Zvonareva in the final to win her fourth Wimbledon title .
Croatia ( /kroʊˈeɪʃə/ ( listen ) , kroh-AY-shə ; Croatian : Hrvatska , pronounced [ xř̩ʋaːtskaː ] ) , officially the Republic of Croatia ( Croatian : Republika Hrvatska , listen ( help·info ) ) , [ d ] is a country in Southeast Europe . It borders Slovenia to the northwest , Hungary to the northeast , Serbia to the east , Bosnia and Herzegovina , and Montenegro to the southeast , sharing a maritime border with Italy . Its capital , Zagreb , forms one of the country 's primary subdivisions , along with twenty counties . Croatia has an area of 56,594 square kilometres ( 21,851 square miles ) and a population of 4.28 million , most of whom are Roman Catholics . Croatia has been inhabited since the Paleolithic Age . The Croats arrived in the area in the 6th century and organised the territory into two duchies by the 9th century . Croatia was first internationally recognized as an independent state on 7 June 879 during the reign of duke Branimir . Tomislav became the first king by 925 , elevating Croatia to the status of a kingdom , which retained its sovereignty for nearly two centuries . During the succession crisis after the Trpimirović dynasty ended , Croatia entered a personal union with Hungary in 1102 . In 1527 , faced with Ottoman conquest , the Croatian Parliament elected Ferdinand I of Austria to the Croatian throne . In October 1918 , in the final days of World War I , the State of Slovenes , Croats and Serbs , independent from Austria-Hungary , was proclaimed in Zagreb , and in December 1918 it was merged into the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes ( renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929 ) . Following the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941 , most of the Croatian territory was incorporated into a Nazi-backed client-state , the Independent State of Croatia .
The 2001 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London in England , held from 25 June to 9 July 2001 . It was the 115th edition of the Wimbledon Championships , part of the 2001 ATP and WTA Tours , and it was the third Grand Slam tennis event of the year . The tournament was the first in Wimbledon 's 124-year history in which 32 players in the men 's and women 's draws were seeded , instead of the usual sixteen . This move was made to appease clay court players who were unhappy with the traditional seeding system , which favoured grass court results over those of other surfaces . Pete Sampras was unsuccessful in his defence of the men 's singles title , losing in the fourth round to 19-year-old Roger Federer , who was then relatively unknown . Goran Ivanišević won the title , defeating 2000 runner-up Pat Rafter in the final in five sets . Ivanišević had previously been runner-up three times ( 1992 , 1994 and 1998 ) , but had fallen to number 125 in the world by 2001 and had only entered the 2001 tournament after being granted a wild card . Venus Williams successfully defended the women 's singles title , beating 19-year-old Justine Henin in the final in three sets . Henin became the first Belgian player to reach a Wimbledon final . Top seed Martina Hingis was beaten by Virginia Ruano Pascual in the first round .
Czechoslovakia , or Czecho-Slovakia ( /ˌtʃɛkoʊsloʊˈvækiə , -kə- , -slə- , -ˈvɑː-/ ; Czech and Slovak : Československo , Česko-Slovensko ) , was a sovereign state in Central Europe that existed from October 1918 , when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire , until its peaceful dissolution into the Czech Republic and Slovakia on 1 January 1993 . From 1939 to 1945 , following its forced division and partial incorporation into Nazi Germany , the state did not de facto exist but its government-in-exile continued to operate . From 1948 to 1990 , Czechoslovakia was part of the Eastern Bloc with a command economy . Its economic status was formalized in membership of Comecon from 1949 and its defense status in the Warsaw Pact of May 1955 . A period of political liberalization in 1968 , known as the Prague Spring , was forcibly ended when the Soviet Union , assisted by several other Warsaw Pact countries , invaded Czechoslovakia . In 1989 , as Marxist-Leninist governments and socialism were ending all over Europe , Czechoslovaks peacefully deposed their government in the Velvet Revolution ; state price controls were removed after a period of preparation . In 1993 , Czechoslovakia split into the two sovereign states of the Czech Republic and Slovakia .
The 1973 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London , United Kingdom . The tournament was scheduled to be held from Monday 25 June until Saturday 7 July 1973 but rain on the final Friday meant that the women 's singles final was postponed until Saturday and the mixed doubles final was rescheduled to Sunday 8 July . It was the 87th staging of the Wimbledon Championships , and the third Grand Slam tennis event of 1973 . Jan Kodeš and Billie Jean King won the singles titles .
Egypt ( /ˈiːdʒɪpt/ ( listen ) EE-jipt ; Arabic : مِصر Miṣr , Egyptian Arabic : مَصر Maṣr , Coptic : Ⲭⲏⲙⲓ Khēmi ) , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt , is a country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula . Egypt is a Mediterranean country bordered by the Gaza Strip ( Palestine ) and Israel to the northeast , the Gulf of Aqaba and the Red Sea to the east , Sudan to the south , and Libya to the west . Across the Gulf of Aqaba lies Jordan , across the Red Sea lies Saudi Arabia , and across the Mediterranean lie Greece , Turkey and Cyprus , although none share a land border with Egypt . Egypt has one of the longest histories of any country , tracing its heritage back to the 6th-4th millennia BCE . Considered a cradle of civilisation , Ancient Egypt saw some of the earliest developments of writing , agriculture , urbanisation , organised religion and central government . Iconic monuments such as the Giza Necropolis and its Great Sphinx , as well the ruins of Memphis , Thebes , Karnak , and the Valley of the Kings , reflect this legacy and remain a significant focus of scientific and popular interest . Egypt 's long and rich cultural heritage is an integral part of its national identity , which has endured , and often assimilated , various foreign influences , including Greek , Persian , Roman , Arab , Ottoman Turkish , and Nubian . Egypt was an early and important centre of Christianity , but was largely Islamised in the seventh century and remains a predominantly Muslim country , albeit with a significant Christian minority . From the 16th to the beginning of the 20th century , Egypt was ruled by foreign imperial powers : The Ottoman Empire and the British Empire . Modern Egypt dates back to 1922 , when it gained nominal independence from the British Empire as a monarchy . However , British military occupation of Egypt continued , and many Egyptians believed that the monarchy was an instrument of British colonialism . Following the 1952 revolution , Egypt expelled British soldiers and bureaucrats and ended British occupation , nationalized the British-held Suez Canal , exiled King Farouk and his family , and declared itself a republic .
The 1954 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London , United Kingdom . The tournament was held from Monday 21 June until Saturday 3 July 1954 . It was the 68th staging of the Wimbledon Championships , and the third Grand Slam tennis event of 1954 . Jaroslav Drobný and Maureen Connolly won the singles titles .
The Netherlands ( Dutch : Nederland , [ ˈneːdərlɑnt ] ( listen ) ) , informally Holland , is a country in Northwestern Europe with some overseas territories in the Caribbean . In Europe , it consists of 12 provinces that border Germany to the east , Belgium to the south , and the North Sea to the northwest , with maritime borders in the North Sea with those countries and the United Kingdom . Together with the Caribbean Netherlands - Bonaire , Sint Eustatius and Saba - it forms a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands . The official language is Dutch and a secondary official language in the province of Friesland is West Frisian . In the north and east of the country , Low Saxon is also spoken , and in the southeast , Limburgish . In the Caribbean Netherlands English and Papiamento are recognised languages . The five largest cities in the Netherlands are Amsterdam , Rotterdam , The Hague , Utrecht and Eindhoven . Amsterdam is the country 's most populous city and nominal capital , while The Hague holds the seat of the States General , Cabinet and Supreme Court . The Port of Rotterdam is the busiest seaport in Europe , and the busiest in any country outside Asia . Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is the busiest airport in the Netherlands , and the third busiest in Europe . The country is a founding member of the EU , Eurozone , G10 , NATO , OECD and WTO , as well as a part of the Schengen Area and the trilateral Benelux Union . It hosts several intergovernmental organisations and international courts , many of which are centered in The Hague , which is consequently dubbed 'the world 's legal capital ' .
The 1996 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon , London in England . It was the 110th edition of the Wimbledon Championships and was held from 24 June to 7 July 1996 .