Nicholas Ray
Filmography ( director )
Table:
Year
Title
Production Co.
Cast
Notes

1949
They Live by Night
RKO Pictures
Cathy O'Donnell / Farley Granger / Howard Da Silva

1949
Knock on Any Door
Santana Productions
Humphrey Bogart / John Derek

1949
A Woman's Secret
RKO Pictures
Maureen O'Hara / Melvyn Douglas / Gloria Grahame

1949
Roseanna McCoy
Samuel Goldwyn Co.
Farley Granger / Joan Evans
Irving Reis received credit even though he was replaced by Ray two months into filming

1950
In a Lonely Place
Santana Productions
Humphrey Bogart / Gloria Grahame

1950
Born to Be Bad
RKO Pictures
Joan Fontaine / Robert Ryan

1951
Flying Leathernecks
RKO Pictures
John Wayne / Robert Ryan
Technicolor

1951
The Racket
RKO Pictures
Robert Mitchum / Robert Ryan
Directed some scenes

1952
On Dangerous Ground
RKO Pictures
Robert Ryan / Ida Lupino
Lupino directed some scenes when Ray fell ill

1952
Macao
RKO Pictures
Robert Mitchum / Jane Russell / William Bendix
Took over from Josef von Sternberg after he was fired during filming

1952
The Lusty Men
Wald-Krasna Productions
Robert Mitchum / Susan Hayward
Robert Parrish directed some scenes when Ray fell ill

1952
Androcles and the Lion
RKO Pictures
Jean Simmons / Victor Mature
Directed an extra scene after filming that was not used

1954
Johnny Guitar
Republic Pictures
Joan Crawford / Sterling Hayden
Trucolor

1955
Run for Cover
Pine-Thomas Productions
James Cagney / John Derek
Technicolor, VistaVision

1955
Rebel Without a Cause
Warner Bros.
James Dean / Natalie Wood / Sal Mineo
Warnercolor, CinemaScope

1956
Hot Blood
Columbia Pictures
Jane Russell / Cornel Wilde
Technicolor, CinemaScope

1956
Bigger Than Life
20th Century Fox
James Mason / Barbara Rush
De Luxe Color, CinemaScope

1957
The True Story of Jesse James
20th Century Fox
Robert Wagner / Hope Lange / Jeffrey Hunter
De Luxe Color, CinemaScope

1957
Amère victoire
Bitter Victory
Laffont Productions, Transcontinental Films
Richard Burton / Curd Jürgens
CinemaScope

1958
Wind Across the Everglades
Schulberg Productions
Burl Ives / Christopher Plummer
Fired during filming / Technicolor

Taking into account the provided table along with the article excerpts listed at the end.

Respond to the question below: Ray 's 1951 technicolor action film starring the Duke was centered around what war ? Output only the correct answer as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}.

They Live by Night is a 1948 American film noir directed by Nicholas Ray ( his first feature film ) and starring Farley Granger as Bowie Bowers and Cathy O'Donnell as Keechie Mobley . It was based on Edward Anderson 's Depression era novel Thieves Like Us . Although the film is considered by many to be the prototype for the couple on the run genre , and is generally seen as the forerunner to the movie Bonnie and Clyde , the first telling of the story was actually the 1939 Persons in Hiding , based on the J. Edgar Hoover memoir of the same title . Robert Altman directed a remake using the original title of the novel , Thieves Like Us ( 1974 ) .
RKO Pictures is an American film production and distribution company . In its original incarnation , as RKO Radio Pictures , Inc. ( a subsidiary of Radio-Keith-Orpheum , aka : RKO ) it was one of the Big Five studios of Hollywood 's Golden Age . The business was formed after the Keith-Albee-Orpheum ( KAO ) theater chain and Joseph P. Kennedy 's Film Booking Offices of America ( FBO ) studio were brought together under the control of the Radio Corporation of America ( RCA ) in October 1928 . [ a ] RCA chief David Sarnoff engineered the merger to create a market for the company 's sound-on-film technology , RCA Photophone . By the mid-1940s , the studio was under the control of investor Floyd Odlum . RKO has long been renowned for its cycle of musicals starring Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers in the mid-to-late 1930s . Actors Katharine Hepburn and , later , Robert Mitchum had their first major successes at the studio . Cary Grant was a mainstay for years . The work of producer Val Lewton 's low-budget horror unit and RKO 's many ventures into the field now known as film noir have been acclaimed , largely after the fact , by film critics and historians . The studio produced two of the most famous films in motion picture history : King Kong and Citizen Kane . RKO was also responsible for notable co-productions such as It 's a Wonderful Life and Notorious , and it also distributed many celebrated films by animation producer Walt Disney ( from 1937 to the mid-1950s ) and leading independent producer Samuel Goldwyn . Maverick industrialist Howard Hughes took over RKO in 1948 .
Cathy O'Donnell ( born Ann Steely , July 6 , 1923 - April 11 , 1970 ) was an American actress , best remembered for her roles in films-noir and the award winning movies of film director William Wyler .
Farley Earle Granger Jr. ( July 1 , 1925 - March 27 , 2011 ) was an American actor , best known for his two collaborations with director Alfred Hitchcock : Rope in 1948 and Strangers on a Train in 1951 . Granger was first noticed in a small stage production in Hollywood by a Goldwyn casting director , and given a significant role in The North Star , a controversial film praising the Soviet Union at the height of World War II , but later condemned for its political bias . Another war film , The Purple Heart , followed , before Granger 's naval service in Honolulu , in a unit that arranged troop entertainment in the Pacific . Here he made useful contacts , including Bob Hope , Betty Grable and Rita Hayworth . It was also where he began exploring his bisexuality , which he said he never felt any need to conceal . In 1948 , Hitchcock cast him in Rope , a fictionalized account of the Leopold and Loeb murder case , which earned mixed reviews , but much critical praise for Granger . Hitchcock then cast him again in Strangers on a Train , as a tennis star drawn into a double murder plot by a wealthy psychopath , played by Robert Walker . Granger would describe this as his happiest film-making experience , and was deeply saddened by Walker 's death shortly after shooting . Granger continued to appear on stage , film and television well into his 70s . His work ranged from classical drama on Broadway to several Italian-language films and major documentaries about Hollywood . He tended to find fault with his directors and scriptwriters , however , and his career remains defined by the two Hitchcock films .
Howard Da Silva ( born Howard Silverblatt , May 4 , 1909 - February 16 , 1986 ) was an American actor , director and musical performer on stage , film , television and radio . He was cast in dozens of productions on the New York stage , appeared in more than two dozen television programs , and acted in more than fifty feature films . Adept at both drama and musicals on the stage , he originated the role of Jud Fry in the original 1943 run of the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical Oklahoma ! , and also portrayed the prosecuting attorney in the 1957 stage production of Compulsion . Da Silva was nominated for a 1960 Tony Award as Best Featured Actor in a Musical for his work in Fiorello ! , a musical about New York City mayor LaGuardia . In 1961 , Da Silva directed Purlie Victorious , by Ossie Davis . Many of his early feature films were of the noir genre in which he often played villains , such as Eddie Harwood in The Blue Dahlia and the sadistic Captain Francis Thompson in Two Years Before the Mast ( both 1946 ) . Da Silva 's characterization of historic figures are among some of his most notable work : he was Lincoln 's brawling friend Jack Armstrong in both play ( 1939 ) and film ( 1940 ) versions of Abe Lincoln in Illinois written by Robert Sherwood ; Benjamin Franklin in the 1969-1972 stage musical 1776 and a reprisal of the role for the 1972 film version of the production ; Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev in The Missiles of October ( 1974 ) ; Franklin D. Roosevelt in The Private Files of J. Edgar Hoover ( 1977 ) ; and Louis B. Mayer in Mommie Dearest ( 1981 ) . Da Silva 's American television character work included the defense attorney representing the robot in The Outer Limits episode I , Robot ( 1964 ) , and district attorney Anthony Cleese in For the People ( 1965 ) . For his performance as Eddie in the Great Performances production of Verna : USO Girl ( 1978 ) , the actor received a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Performance by a Supporting Actor in a Comedy or Drama Special . In the 1970s , Da Silva appeared in 26 episodes of the radio series , the CBS Radio Mystery Theater .
Knock on Any Door is a 1949 American courtroom trial film noir directed by Nicholas Ray and starring Humphrey Bogart . The picture gave actor John Derek a break in developing his film career and was based on the 1947 novel of the same name by Willard Motley .
Humphrey DeForest Bogart ( /ˈboʊɡɑːrt/ ; December 25 , 1899 - January 14 , 1957 ) was an American film and stage actor . His performances in Classical Hollywood cinema films made him an American cultural icon . In 1999 , the American Film Institute selected Bogart as the greatest male star of classic American cinema . Bogart began acting in Broadway shows , beginning his career in motion pictures with Up the River ( 1930 ) , cast in a romantic role as large as co-star Spencer Tracy 's ( despite much-lower billing ) . He appeared in supporting roles for several years , sometimes portraying gangsters due to his resemblance to John Dillinger . Bogart was praised for his work in The Petrified Forest ( 1936 ) , his entry into the Warner Bros. gangster stable . His breakthrough from supporting roles to stardom came with High Sierra ( 1941 , his last gangster role ) and The Maltese Falcon ( 1941 ) , considered one of the first great noir films . Bogart 's private detectives , Sam Spade ( in The Maltese Falcon ) and Phillip Marlowe ( in 1946 's The Big Sleep ) , became the models for detectives in other noir films . His most significant romantic lead role was with Ingrid Bergman in Casablanca ( 1942 ) , and he received his first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor . Bogart and 19-year-old Lauren Bacall fell in love when they filmed To Have and Have Not ( 1944 ) ; soon after the main filming for The Big Sleep ( 1946 , their second film together ) , he filed for divorce from his third wife and married Bacall . After their marriage , she played his love interest in Dark Passage ( 1947 ) and Key Largo ( 1948 ) . Bogart 's performances in The Treasure of the Sierra Madre ( 1948 ) and In a Lonely Place ( 1950 ) are now considered among his best , although they were not recognized as such when the films were released .
John Derek ( born Derek Delevan Harris ; August 12 , 1926 - May 22 , 1998 ) was an American actor , director and photographer . He appeared in such films as Knock on Any Door , All the King 's Men ( both 1949 ) , and Rogues of Sherwood Forest ( 1950 ) . He was also known for launching the career of his fourth wife , Bo Derek .
A Woman 's Secret is a 1949 film noir directed by Nicholas Ray and starring Maureen O'Hara , Gloria Grahame and Melvyn Douglas . The film was based on the novel Mortgage on Life by Vicki Baum .
Maureen O'Hara ( born Maureen FitzSimons ; 17 August 1920 - 24 October 2015 ) was an American and Irish actress and singer . She was a famous redhead who was known for playing fiercely passionate but sensible heroines , often in westerns and adventure films . On numerous occasions , she worked with director John Ford and longtime friend John Wayne . O'Hara was one of the last surviving stars from the Golden Age of Hollywood . O'Hara grew up in Dublin in a Catholic family and aspired to become an actress from a very young age . She trained with the Rathmines Theatre Company from the age of 10 and at the Abbey Theatre from the age of 14 . She was given a screen test , which was deemed unsatisfactory , but Charles Laughton saw potential and arranged for her to co-star with him in Alfred Hitchcock 's Jamaica Inn in 1939 . She moved to Hollywood the same year to appear with him in the production of The Hunchback of Notre Dame , and was given a contract by RKO Pictures . From there , she went on to enjoy a long and highly successful career , and acquired the nickname The Queen of Technicolor . She appeared in films such as How Green Was My Valley ( 1941 ) ( her first collaboration with John Ford ) , The Black Swan with Tyrone Power ( 1942 ) , The Spanish Main ( 1945 ) , Sinbad the Sailor ( 1947 ) , the Christmas classic Miracle on 34th Street ( 1947 ) with John Payne and Natalie Wood , and Comanche Territory ( 1950 ) . O'Hara made her first film with John Wayne , the actor with whom she is most closely associated , in Rio Grande ( 1950 ) . This was followed by The Quiet Man ( 1952 ) , The Wings of Eagles ( 1957 ) , McLintock !
Melvyn Douglas ( born Melvyn Edouard Hesselberg , April 5 , 1901 - August 4 , 1981 ) was an American actor . Douglas came to prominence in the 1930s as a suave leading man , perhaps best typified by his performance in the 1939 romantic comedy Ninotchka with Greta Garbo . Douglas later played mature and fatherly characters , as in his Academy Award-winning performances in Hud ( 1963 ) and Being There ( 1979 ) and his Academy Award-nominated performance in I Never Sang for My Father ( 1970 ) . In the last few years of his life Douglas appeared in films with supernatural stories involving ghosts . Douglas appeared as Senator Joseph Carmichael in The Changeling in 1980 and Ghost Story in 1981 in his final completed film role .
Gloria Grahame Hallward ( November 28 , 1923 - October 5 , 1981 ) , known professionally as Gloria Grahame , was an American stage , film , and television actress and singer . She began her acting career in theatre and in 1944 made her first film for MGM . Despite a featured role in It 's a Wonderful Life ( 1946 ) , MGM did not believe she had the potential for major success , and sold her contract to RKO Studios . Often cast in film noir projects , Grahame was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for Crossfire ( 1947 ) , and later won the award for her work in The Bad and the Beautiful ( 1952 ) . She achieved her highest profile with Sudden Fear ( 1952 ) , The Big Heat ( 1953 ) , Human Desire ( 1954 ) , and Oklahoma ! ( 1955 ) , but her film career began to wane soon afterwards . Grahame returned to work on the stage , but continued to appear in films and television productions , usually in supporting roles . In 1974 , she was diagnosed with breast cancer . It went into remission less than a year later and Grahame returned to work . In 1980 , the cancer returned , but Grahame refused to accept the diagnosis or seek treatment . Choosing instead to continue working , she traveled to Britain to appear in a play . Her health , however , declined rapidly and she developed peritonitis after undergoing a procedure to remove fluid from her abdomen in September 1981 .
Roseanna McCoy is a 1949 American drama film directed by Irving Reis . The screenplay by John Collier , based on the 1947 novel of the same title by Alberta Hannum , is a romanticized and semi-fictionalized account of the Hatfield-McCoy feud . The film stars Farley Granger and Joan Evans .
The Samuel Goldwyn Company was an American independent film company founded by Samuel Goldwyn Jr. , the son of the famous Hollywood mogul , Samuel Goldwyn , in 1978 .
Joan Evans ( born Joan Eunson , July 18 , 1934 ) is an American film actress .
Irving Reis , ( born May 7 , 1906 , in New York City - died July 3 , 1953 , in Woodland Hills , California ) was a radio program producer and director , and a film director .
In a Lonely Place is a 1950 American film noir directed by Nicholas Ray and starring Humphrey Bogart and Gloria Grahame , produced for Bogart 's Santana Productions . The script was written by Andrew P. Solt from Edmund North 's adaptation of Dorothy B. Hughes ' 1947 novel of the same name . Bogart stars as Dixon Steele , a deranged and troubled screenwriter suspected of murder , and Grahame co-stars as Laurel Gray , a neighbor who falls under his spell . Beyond its surface plot of confused identity and tormented love , the story is a mordant comment on Hollywood mores and the pitfalls of celebrity and near-celebrity , similar to two other American films released that same year , Billy Wilder 's Sunset Boulevard and Joseph L. Mankiewicz 's All About Eve . Although lesser known than his other work , Bogart 's performance is considered by many critics to be among his finest and the film 's reputation has grown over time along with Ray 's . It is now considered a classic film noir , as evidenced by its inclusion on the Time All-Time 100 List as well as Slant Magazine 's 100 Essential Films . In 2007 , In a Lonely Place was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant .
Born to Be Bad is a 1950 melodrama directed by Nicholas Ray , starring Joan Fontaine as a manipulative young woman who will stop at nothing to get what she wants . It is based on the bestselling novel All Kneeling by Anne Parrish ( 1928 ) .
Joan de Beauvoir de Havilland ( October 22 , 1917 - December 15 , 2013 ) , known professionally as Joan Fontaine , was a British-American actress who is best known for her starring roles in cinema during the Classical Hollywood era . Fontaine appeared in more than 45 feature films in a career that spanned five decades . She was the younger sister of actress Olivia de Havilland . She began her stage career in 1935 , signing a film contract with RKO Pictures . Fontaine received her first major role in The Man Who Found Himself ( 1937 ) and in 1939 was in the adventure Gunga Din . Her career prospects improved greatly after her starring role in the Alfred Hitchcock-directed suspense drama Rebecca ( 1940 ) , for which she received her first of three nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actress . The following year , she won that award for her role in Suspicion ( 1941 ) , another Hitchcock suspense drama . A third Oscar nomination came with the film The Constant Nymph . She appeared mostly in drama films through the 1940s - including Letter from an Unknown Woman , which is now considered a classic . In the next decade , after her role in the historical adventure Ivanhoe ( 1952 ) , her film career began to decline and she moved into stage , radio and television roles . She appeared in fewer films in the 1960s , films which included Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea ( 1960 ) and her final feature film , The Witches ( 1966 ) . She released an autobiography , No Bed of Roses , in 1978 .
Robert Bushnell Ryan ( November 11 , 1909 - July 11 , 1973 ) was an American actor who most often portrayed hardened cops and ruthless villains . He worked in theater and films . Ryan acted for over three decades and received one nomination for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in Crossfire ( 1947 ) .
Flying Leathernecks is a 1951 Technicolor action war film directed by Nicholas Ray , produced by Edmund Grainger ,
Marion Mitchell Morrison [ a ] ( born Marion Robert Morrison ; May 26 , 1907 - June 11 , 1979 ) , known professionally as John Wayne and nicknamed Duke , was an American actor , filmmaker , Oscar winner and Presidential Medal of Freedom recipient . He was among the top box office draws for three decades . Wayne was born in Winterset , Iowa but grew up in Southern California . He lost a football scholarship to the University of Southern California as a result of a bodysurfing accident , :63-64 and began working for the Fox Film Corporation . He appeared mostly in small parts , but his first leading role came in Raoul Walsh 's Western The Big Trail ( 1930 ) , an early widescreen film epic which was a box-office failure . Leading roles followed in numerous B movies during the 1930s , most of them also Westerns , without becoming a major name . It was John Ford 's Stagecoach ( 1939 ) that made him a mainstream star , and he starred in 142 motion pictures altogether . According to one biographer , John Wayne personified for millions the nation 's frontier heritage . Wayne 's other roles in Westerns include a cattleman driving his herd on the Chisholm Trail in Red River ( 1948 ) , a Civil War veteran whose niece is abducted by a tribe of Comanches in The Searchers ( 1956 ) , a troubled rancher competing with a lawyer ( James Stewart ) for a woman 's hand in The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance ( 1962 ) , and a cantankerous one-eyed marshal in True Grit ( 1969 ) , for which he received the Academy Award for Best Actor . He is also remembered for his roles in The Quiet Man ( 1952 ) , Rio Bravo ( 1959 ) with Dean Martin , and The Longest Day ( 1962 ) . In his final screen performance , he starred as an aging gunfighter battling cancer in The Shootist ( 1976 ) . He appeared with many important Hollywood stars of his era , and made his last public appearance at the Academy Awards ceremony on April 9 , 1979 .
Technicolor is a series of color motion picture processes , the first version dating to 1916 , and followed by improved versions over several decades . It was the second major color process , after Britain 's Kinemacolor , ( used between 1908-1914 ) and the most widely used color process in Hollywood from 1922 to 1952 . Technicolor became known and celebrated for its highly saturated color , and was initially most commonly used for filming musicals such as The Wizard of Oz ( 1939 ) and Down Argentine Way ( 1940 ) , costume pictures such as The Adventures of Robin Hood ( 1938 ) and Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) , and animated films such as Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs ( 1937 ) , Gulliver 's Travels ( 1939 ) , and Fantasia ( 1940 ) . As the technology matured it was also used for less spectacular dramas and comedies . Occasionally , even a film noir - such as Leave Her to Heaven ( 1945 ) or Niagara ( 1953 ) - was filmed in Technicolor . Technicolor is the trademark for a series of color motion picture processes pioneered by Technicolor Motion Picture Corporation ( a subsidiary of Technicolor , Inc. ) , now a division of the French company Technicolor SA . The Tech in the company 's name was inspired by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , where Herbert Kalmus and Daniel Frost Comstock received their undergraduate degrees in 1904 and were later instructors .
The Racket is a 1951 black-and-white film noir drama directed by John Cromwell with uncredited directing help from Nicholas Ray , Tay Garnett , Sherman Todd and Mel Ferrer . The production features Robert Mitchum , Lizabeth Scott , Robert Ryan , William Conrad and Ray Collins . The film , a remake of the 1928 film The Racket , is based on the Bartlett Cormack play . ( Edward G. Robinson played the racketeer in the original Broadway production . )
Robert Charles Durman Mitchum ( August 6 , 1917 - July 1 , 1997 ) was an American actor , director , author , poet , composer , and singer . Mitchum rose to prominence for starring roles in several classic film noirs , and his acting is generally considered a forerunner of the antiheroes prevalent in film during the 1950s and 1960s . His best-known films include Out of the Past ( 1947 ) , The Night of the Hunter ( 1955 ) , Cape Fear ( 1962 ) , and El Dorado ( 1966 ) . Mitchum was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for The Story of G.I . Joe ( 1945 ) . He is also known for his television role as U.S. Navy Captain Victor Pug Henry in the epic two-part miniseries The Winds of War ( 1983 ) and sequel War and Remembrance ( 1988 ) . Mitchum is rated number 23 on the American Film Institute 's list of the greatest male stars of Classic American Cinema .
On Dangerous Ground is a 1951 film noir directed by Nicholas Ray and produced by John Houseman . The screenplay was written by A. I. Bezzerides based on the novel Mad with Much Heart , by Gerald Butler . The drama features Ida Lupino , Robert Ryan , Ward Bond , and others .
Ida Lupino ( 4 February 1918 - 3 August 1995 ) was an English-American actress , singer , director , and producer . She is widely regarded as one of the most prominent female filmmakers working during the 1950s in the Hollywood studio system . With her independent production company , she co-wrote and co-produced several social-message films and became the first woman to direct a film noir with The Hitch-Hiker in 1953 . Throughout her 48-year career , she made acting appearances in 59 films and directed eight others , working primarily in the United States , where she became a citizen in 1948 . She also directed more than 100 episodes of television productions in a variety of genres including westerns , supernatural tales , situation comedies , murder mysteries , and gangster stories . She was the only woman to direct episodes of the original The Twilight Zone series ( most notably The Masks ) , as well as the only director to have starred in the show .
Macao is a 1952 black-and-white film noir adventure directed by Josef von Sternberg and Nicholas Ray . The drama features Robert Mitchum , Jane Russell , William Bendix , and Gloria Grahame .
Ernestine Jane Geraldine Russell ( June 21 , 1921 - February 28 , 2011 ) was an American film actress and one of Hollywood 's leading sex symbols in the 1940s and 1950s . Russell moved from the Midwestern United States to California , where she had her first film role in 1943 in Howard Hughes ' The Outlaw . In 1947 , Russell delved into music before returning to films . After starring in several films in the 1950s , including Gentlemen Prefer Blondes in 1953 , Russell again returned to music while completing several other films in the 1960s . She starred in more than 20 films throughout her career . Russell married three times , adopted three children , and in 1955 founded Waif , the first international adoption program . She received several accolades for her achievements in films , including having her hand and footprints immortalized in the forecourt of Grauman 's Chinese Theatre , and having a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame .
William Bendix ( January 14 , 1906 - December 14 , 1964 ) was an American film , radio , and television actor , who typically played rough , blue-collar characters . He is best remembered in films for the title role in The Babe Ruth Story . He also portrayed the clumsily earnest aircraft plant worker Chester A. Riley in both the radio and television versions of The Life of Riley . He received an Academy Award nomination as Best Supporting Actor for Wake Island ( 1942 ) .
Josef von Sternberg ( born Jonas Sternberg , 29 May 1894 - 22 December 1969 ) was an Austrian-American filmmaker whose career successfully spanned the transition from the silent to the sound era , during which he worked with most of the major Hollywood studios . He is best known for his film collaboration with actress Marlene Dietrich in the 1930s , including the highly regarded Paramount/UFA production , The Blue Angel ( 1930 ) . Sternberg 's finest works are noteworthy for their striking pictorial compositions , dense décor , chiaroscuro illumination and relentless camera motion , endowing the scenes with emotional intensity . He is also credited with initiating the gangster film genre with his silent era movie Underworld ( 1927 ) . Sternberg 's themes typically offer the spectacle of an individual 's desperate struggle to maintain their personal integrity as they sacrifice themselves for lust or love . He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director for Morocco ( 1930 ) and Shanghai Express ( 1932 ) .
The Lusty Men is a 1952 western film made by Wald-Krasna productions and RKO Radio Pictures . The film stars Susan Hayward , Robert Mitchum , Arthur Kennedy , and Arthur Hunnicutt . It was directed by Nicholas Ray and produced by Jerry Wald and Norman Krasna from a screenplay by David Dortort , Horace McCoy , Alfred Hayes , Andrew Solt , and Jerry Wald based on the novel by Claude Stanush . The music score was by Roy Webb and the cinematography by Lee Garmes . The film 's world premiere was at the Majestic Theatre in San Antonio , Texas .
Norman Krasna ( November 7 , 1909 - November 1 , 1984 ) was an American screenwriter , playwright , producer , and film director . He is best known for penning screwball comedies which centered on a case of mistaken identity . Krasna also directed three films during a forty-year career in Hollywood . He garnered four Academy Award screenwriting nominations , winning once for 1943 's Princess O'Rourke , a film he also directed .
Susan Hayward ( born Edythe Marrenner ; June 30 , 1917 - March 14 , 1975 ) was an American actress and model . She was best known for her work in films that were based on true stories . After working as a fashion model , Hayward traveled to Hollywood in 1937 to audition for the role of Scarlett O'Hara . She secured a film contract and played several small supporting roles over the next few years . By the late 1940s , the quality of her film roles had improved , and she achieved recognition for her dramatic abilities with the first of five Academy Award for Best Actress nominations for her performance as an alcoholic in Smash-Up , the Story of a Woman ( 1947 ) . Success continued through the 1950s as she received subsequent nominations for My Foolish Heart ( 1949 ) , With a Song in My Heart ( 1952 ) , and I 'll Cry Tomorrow ( 1955 ) . She finally won for her portrayal of death row inmate Barbara Graham in I Want to Live ! ( 1958 ) . After Hayward 's second marriage and subsequent move to Georgia , her film appearances became infrequent , although she continued acting in film and television until 1972 . She died in 1975 of brain cancer .
Robert R. Parrish ( January 4 , 1916 - December 4 , 1995 ) was an American film director , editor , writer , and child actor . He received an Academy Award for Film Editing for his contribution to Body and Soul ( 1947 ) .
Androcles and the Lion is a 1952 RKO film produced by Gabriel Pascal from the George Bernard Shaw play of the same name . It was Pascal 's last film , made two years after the death of Shaw , his long-standing friend and mentor , and two years before Pascal 's own death .
Jean Merilyn Simmons , OBE ( 31 January 1929 - 22 January 2010 ) was a British-American actress and singer . One of J. Arthur Rank 's well-spoken young starlets , she appeared predominantly in films , beginning with those made in Great Britain during and after World War II , followed mainly by Hollywood films from 1950 onwards . Simmons was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for Hamlet ( 1948 ) , and won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress for Guys and Dolls ( 1955 ) . Her other film appearances include Young Bess ( 1953 ) , The Robe ( 1953 ) , Elmer Gantry ( 1960 ) , Spartacus ( 1960 ) , and the 1969 film The Happy Ending , for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress . She also won an Emmy Award for the miniseries The Thorn Birds ( 1983 ) .
Victor John Mature ( January 29 , 1913 - August 4 , 1999 ) was an American stage , film , and television actor who starred most notably in several movies during the 1950s , and was known for his dark hair and smile . His best known film roles include One Million B.C . ( 1940 ) , My Darling Clementine ( 1946 ) , Kiss of Death ( 1947 ) , Samson and Delilah ( 1949 ) , and The Robe ( 1953 ) . He also appeared in a large number of musicals opposite such stars as Rita Hayworth and Betty Grable .
Johnny Guitar is a 1954 American Trucolor western drama film directed by Nicholas Ray starring Joan Crawford , Sterling Hayden , Mercedes McCambridge , and Scott Brady . The screenplay was adapted from a novel by Roy Chanslor . In 2008 , Johnny Guitar was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant .
Republic Pictures Corporation was an American motion picture production-distribution corporation in operation from 1935 to 1967 , that was based in Los Angeles , California . It had studio facilities in Studio City and a movie ranch in Encino . It was best known for specializing in Westerns , serials and B films emphasizing mystery and action . Republic was also notable for developing the careers of John Wayne , Gene Autry and Roy Rogers . It was also responsible for the financing and distribution of several films directed by John Ford during the 1940s and early 1950s and one Shakespeare film , Macbeth ( 1948 ) , directed by Orson Welles . Under Herbert J. Yates , Republic was considered a mini-major film studio .
Joan Crawford ( born Lucille Fay LeSueur ; March 23 , 190 ? [ Note 1 ] - May 10 , 1977 ) was an American film and television actress who began her career as a dancer in traveling theatrical companies before debuting as a chorus girl on Broadway . Crawford then signed a motion picture contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in 1925 ; her career spanned six decades and fifty-five years , multiple studios , and controversies . At different stages of her career , she was noted for her diverse roles playing sympathetic and unsympathetic characters , and for realistic yet mutli-layered performances . Her films ranged in genres from contemporary crime , melodramas , film noir , several historical costume dramas , romances , mysteries , musicals , suspense , horror , to three westerns and over a dozen comedies . Regardless , her greater successes and perhaps most memorable performances were in romantic dramas and melodramas . In 1999 , The American Film Institute ranked Crawford tenth on its list of the greatest female stars of Classic Hollywood Cinema . In the 1930s , Crawford 's fame rivaled and later surpassed that of MGM colleagues Norma Shearer and Greta Garbo . Though she started portraying flappers , Crawford often played wealthy women in distress ( Dance , Fools , Dance , This Modern Age , Letty Lynton , No More Ladies , I Live My Life , Susan and God ) or hard-working young women who found romance and success ( Our Dancing Daughters , Paid , Laughing Sinners , Dancing Lady , Sadie McKee , The Last of Mrs. Cheyney , The Shining Hour , The Bride Wore Red , Mannequin ) . These characters and stories were well received by Depression-era audiences , and were popular with women . Crawford became one of Hollywood 's more prominent movie stars , and one of the higher-paid women in the United States . In 1945 , she won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her work in Mildred Pierce , and received Best Actress nominations for Possessed ( 1947 ) and Sudden Fear ( 1952 ) .
Sterling Walter Hayden ( born Sterling Relyea Walter ; March 26 , 1916 - May 23 , 1986 ) was an American actor , author , and sailor . A leading man for most of his career , he specialized in westerns and film noir throughout the 1950s , in films such as John Huston 's The Asphalt Jungle ( 1950 ) , Joan Crawford 's Johnny Guitar ( 1954 ) , and Stanley Kubrick 's The Killing ( 1956 ) . He became noted for supporting roles in the 1960s , perhaps most memorably as General Jack D. Ripper in Kubrick 's Dr. Strangelove or : How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb ( 1964 ) . Hayden 's success continued into the New Hollywood era , with roles such as Irish-American policeman Captain McCluskey in Francis Ford Coppola 's The Godfather ( 1972 ) , alcoholic novelist Roger Wade in Robert Altman 's The Long Goodbye ( 1973 ) , and elderly peasant Leo Dalcò in Bernardo Bertolucci 's 1900 ( 1976 ) . With a distinctive rapid-fire baritone voice and standing at 6 feet 5 inches ( 1.96 m ) , he had a commanding screen presence in both leading and supporting roles .
Trucolor was a color motion picture process used and owned by the Consolidated Film Industries division of Republic Pictures . It was introduced as a replacement for Consolidated 's own Magnacolor process . Republic used Trucolor mostly for its Westerns , through the 1940s and early 1950s . The premiere Trucolor release was Out California Way ( 1946 ) and the last film photographed in the process was Spoilers of the Forest ( 1957 ) . With the advent of Eastmancolor and Ansco color films , which gave better results at a cheaper price , Trucolor was abandoned , coincidentally at the same time as Republic 's demise . At the time of its introduction , Trucolor was a two-color subtractive color process . Approximately three years later , the manufacturer expanded the process to include a three-color release system based on DuPont film stock . They later replaced the DuPont film with Eastman Kodak film stock . Thus , in its life span of approximately twelve years , the Trucolor process was in reality three distinct systems for color release prints , all bearing the same Trucolor screen credit . Yet , even by 1950 , some filmgoers and entertainment publications found Trucolor productions at times deficient and visually distracting due to color inaccuracies . As part of its review of the Roy Rogers oatuner Twilight in the Sierras , the influential trade paper Variety stated quite pointedly , Trucolor tinting adds to the production values despite the overall untrue reproduction of facial and landscape hues .
Run for Cover is a 1955 Technicolor Western film directed by Nicholas Ray and starring James Cagney , Viveca Lindfors , John Derek , and in his final film , Jean Hersholt . Distributed by Paramount Pictures , this film was made in VistaVision .
Pine-Thomas Productions was a prolific B-picture unit of Paramount Pictures from 1940-1957 , producing 81 films . Co-producers William H. Pine ( February 15 , 1896 - April 29 , 1955 ) and William C. Thomas ( August 11 , 1903 - April 2 , 1984 ) were known as the Dollar Bills because none of their economically made films ever lost money . We do n't want to make million dollar pictures , they said . We just want to make a million dollars .
James Francis Cagney Jr. ( July 17 , 1899 - March 30 , 1986 ) was an American actor and dancer , both on stage and in film . Known for his consistently energetic performances , distinctive vocal style , and deadpan comic timing , he won acclaim and major awards for a wide variety of performances . He is remembered by some for playing multifaceted tough guys in films such as The Public Enemy ( 1931 ) , Taxi ! ( 1932 ) , Angels with Dirty Faces ( 1938 ) , The Roaring Twenties ( 1939 ) and White Heat ( 1949 ) , finding himself typecast or limited by this reputation earlier in his career . He was able to negotiate dancing opportunities in his films and ended up winning the Academy Award for his role in a musical ( Yankee Doodle Dandy ) . In 1999 the American Film Institute ranked him eighth among its list of greatest male stars of the Golden Age of Hollywood . Orson Welles described Cagney as maybe the greatest actor who ever appeared in front of a camera . Cagneys first appearance on stage was as a stand in for his brother in a community theater production . Cagney had terrible stage fright and always had to keep a bucket with him . In his first professional acting performance in 1919 , Cagney was costumed as a woman when he danced in the chorus line of the revue Every Sailor . He spent several years in vaudeville as a dancer and comedian , until he got his first major acting part in 1925 . He secured several other roles , receiving good notices , before landing the lead in the 1929 play Penny Arcade .
VistaVision is a higher resolution , widescreen variant of the 35 mm motion picture film format which was created by engineers at Paramount Pictures in 1954 . Paramount did not use anamorphic processes such as CinemaScope but refined the quality of their flat widescreen system by orienting the 35 mm negative horizontally in the camera gate and shooting onto a larger area , which yielded a finer-grained projection print . As finer-grained film stocks appeared on the market , VistaVision became obsolete . Paramount dropped the format after only seven years , although for another forty years the format was used by some European and Japanese producers for feature films , and by American films such as the first three Star Wars movies for high resolution special effects sequences . In many ways , VistaVision was a testing ground for cinematography ideas that evolved into 70 mm IMAX and OMNIMAX film formats in the 1970s . Both IMAX and OMNIMAX are oriented sideways , like VistaVision .
Rebel Without a Cause is a 1955 American drama film about emotionally confused suburban , middle-class teenagers . Filmed in the then recently introduced CinemaScope format and directed by Nicholas Ray , it offered both social commentary and an alternative to previous films depicting delinquents in urban slum environments . The film stars James Dean , Sal Mineo , and Natalie Wood . The film was a groundbreaking attempt to portray the moral decay of American youth , critique parental style , and explore the differences and conflicts between generations . The title was adopted from psychiatrist Robert M. Lindner 's 1944 book , Rebel Without a Cause : The Hypnoanalysis of a Criminal Psychopath . The film , however , does not make any references to Lindner 's book in any way . Warner Bros. released the film on October 27 , 1955 , almost a month after Dean 's death in a car accident on September 30 , 1955 . Over the years , the film has achieved landmark status for the acting of cultural icon Dean , fresh from his Oscar nominated role in East of Eden and who died before the film 's release , in his most celebrated role . This was the only film during Dean 's lifetime in which he received top billing . In 1990 , Rebel Without a Cause was added to the Library of Congress 's National Film Registry as being deemed culturally , historically , and aesthetically significant .
Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. ( also simply known as Warner Bros. and initialized as WB ) is an American entertainment company headquartered in Burbank , California , and a division of AT & T 's WarnerMedia . Founded in 1923 , it has operations in areas such as film , television , and video games and is one of the Big Five major American film studios , as well as a member of the Motion Picture Association ( MPA ) . The company 's portfolio encompasses the film studios Warner Bros. Pictures , New Line Cinema , Castle Rock Entertainment and DC Films ; the television production and syndication company Warner Bros. Television ; the animation studios Warner Bros . Animation and Warner Animation Group ; the publisher DC Comics ; the video game development and publishing arm Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment ; the pay television channels Cartoon Network , Boomerang and Turner Classic Movies ; and a 50% interest in The CW television network , which is co-owned with ViacomCBS . Aside from content operations , Warner Bros. also has several theme parks that are managed and operated by third party companies .
James Byron Dean ( February 8 , 1931 - September 30 , 1955 ) was an American actor . He is remembered as a cultural icon of teenage disillusionment and social estrangement , as expressed in the title of his most celebrated film , Rebel Without a Cause ( 1955 ) , in which he starred as troubled teenager Jim Stark . The other two roles that defined his stardom were loner Cal Trask in East of Eden ( 1955 ) and surly ranch hand Jett Rink in Giant ( 1956 ) . After his death in a car crash , Dean became the first actor to receive a posthumous Academy Award nomination for Best Actor , and remains the only actor to have had two posthumous acting nominations . In 1999 , the American Film Institute ranked him the 18th best male movie star of Golden Age Hollywood in AFI 's 100 Years.100 Stars list .
Natalie Wood ( born Natalia Nikolaevna Zakharenko ; July 20 , 1938 - November 29 , 1981 ) was a Russian-American actress who began her career in film as a child and became a Hollywood star as a young adult . Wood received three Oscar nominations before she was 25 . She began acting in films at age 4 and was given a co-starring role at age 8 in Miracle on 34th Street ( 1947 ) . As a teenager , she earned a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in Rebel Without a Cause ( 1955 ) , followed by a role in John Ford 's The Searchers ( 1956 ) . She starred in the musical films West Side Story ( 1961 ) and Gypsy ( 1962 ) , and she received nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performances in Splendor in the Grass ( 1961 ) and Love with the Proper Stranger ( 1963 ) . Her career continued with films such as Sex and the Single Girl ( 1964 ) , Inside Daisy Clover ( 1964 ) , and Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice ( 1969 ) . Wood was born in San Francisco to Russian immigrant parents . During the 1970s , she began a hiatus from film and had two children with husband Robert Wagner , whom she married , divorced , and remarried after divorcing her second husband . She appeared in only three films throughout the decade , but did act in several television productions , including a remake of the film From Here to Eternity ( 1979 ) for which she received a Golden Globe Award . Her films represented a coming of age for her and Hollywood films in general . Critics have suggested that Wood 's cinematic career represents a portrait of modern American womanhood in transition , as she was one of the few to include both child roles and roles of middle-aged characters . Wood drowned off Catalina Island on November 29 , 1981 , at age 43 .
Salvatore Mineo Jr. ( January 10 , 1939 - February 12 , 1976 ) was an American actor , singer and director . Mineo is best known for his Academy Award-nominated performance as John Plato Crawford opposite James Dean in the film Rebel Without a Cause ( 1955 ) . Mineo also received a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award nomination for his supporting role in Exodus ( 1960 ) . A 1950s teen idol , Mineo 's acting career declined in his adult years . He was murdered in 1976 .
CinemaScope is an anamorphic lens series used , from 1953 to 1967 , and less often later , for shooting widescreen movies that , crucially , could be screened in theatres using existing equipment , albeit with a lens adapter . Its creation in 1953 by Spyros P. Skouras , the president of 20th Century Fox , marked the beginning of the modern anamorphic format in both principal photography and movie projection . The anamorphic lenses theoretically allowed the process to create an image of up to a 2.66:1 aspect ratio , almost twice as wide as the previously common Academy format 's 1.37:1 ratio . Although the technology behind the CinemaScope lens system was made obsolete by later developments , primarily advanced by Panavision , CinemaScope 's anamorphic format has continued to this day . In film-industry jargon , the shortened form , 'Scope , is still widely used by both filmmakers and projectionists , although today it generally refers to any 2.35:1 , 2.39:1 , 2.40:1 or 2.55:1 presentation or , sometimes , the use of anamorphic lensing or projection in general . Bausch & Lomb won a 1954 Oscar for its development of the CinemaScope lens .
Hot Blood is a 1956 American CinemaScope Technicolor musical film starring Jane Russell and Cornel Wilde and directed by Nicholas Ray .
Columbia Pictures Industries , Inc. ( commonly known as Columbia Pictures or simply Columbia ) is an American film studio and production & distribution company that is a member of the Sony Pictures Motion Picture Group , a division of Sony Entertainment 's Sony Pictures subsidiary of the Japanese multinational conglomerate Sony Corporation . What would eventually become Columbia Pictures , CBC Film Sales Corporation was founded on June 19 , 1918 by Harry Cohn , his brother Jack Cohn , and Joe Brandt . It adopted the Columbia Pictures name in 1924 , went public two years later , and eventually began to use the image of Columbia , the female personification of the United States , as its logo . In its early years , Columbia was a minor player in Hollywood , but began to grow in the late 1920s , spurred by a successful association with director Frank Capra . With Capra and others , Columbia became one of the primary homes of the screwball comedy . In the 1930s , Columbia 's major contract stars were Jean Arthur and Cary Grant . In the 1940s , Rita Hayworth became the studio 's premier star and propelled their fortunes into the late 1950s . Rosalind Russell , Glenn Ford , and William Holden also became major stars at the studio . It is one of the leading film studios in the world and is a member of the Big Five major American film studios . Columbia was one of the so-called Little Three among the eight major film studios of Hollywood 's Golden Age . Today , it has become the world 's fourth largest major film studio . The company was primarily responsible for distributing Disney 's Silly Symphony film series as well as the Mickey Mouse cartoon series from 1929 to 1932 .
Cornel Wilde ( born Kornél Lajos Weisz ; October 13 , 1912 - October 16 , 1989 ) was a Hungarian-American actor and film director . Wilde 's acting career began in 1935 , when he made his debut on Broadway . In 1936 he began making small , uncredited appearances in films . By the 1940s , he had signed a contract with 20th Century Fox , and by the mid-1940s , he was a major leading man . He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in 1945 's A Song to Remember . In the 1950s , he moved to writing , producing and directing films , and still continued his career as an actor .
Bigger Than Life is an American DeLuxe Color CinemaScope drama film made in 1956 directed by Nicholas Ray and starring James Mason , who also co-wrote and produced the film , about a school teacher and family man whose life spins out of control upon becoming addicted to cortisone . The film co-stars Barbara Rush as his wife and Walter Matthau as his closest friend , a fellow teacher . Though it was a box-office flop upon its initial release , many modern critics hail it as a masterpiece and brilliant indictment of contemporary attitudes towards mental illness and addiction . In 1963 , Jean-Luc Godard named it one of the ten best American sound films ever made . Bigger Than Life was based on a 1955 article by medical writer Berton Roueché in The New Yorker , titled Ten Feet Tall .
20th Century Studios ( formerly 20th Century Fox ) is an American film studio that is a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Studios , a division of The Walt Disney Company . The studio is located on the Fox Studio Lot in the Century City area of Los Angeles . For over 83 years , it was one of the Big Six major American film studios formed from the merger of the Fox Film Corporation and Twentieth Century Pictures in 1935 . In 1985 , the studio was acquired by News Corporation , which was succeeded by 21st Century Fox in 2013 following the spin-off of its publishing assets . In 2019 , Disney acquired 20th Century Fox through its merger with 21st Century Fox . In 2020 , the studio was renamed to 20th Century Studios .
James Neville Mason ( /ˈmeɪsən/ ; 15 May 1909 - 27 July 1984 ) was an English actor . Mason achieved considerable success in British cinema before becoming one of Hollywood 's biggest stars . He was the top box office attraction in the UK in 1944 and 1945 , with notable films including The Seventh Veil ( 1945 ) and The Wicked Lady ( 1945 ) . He starred in Odd Man Out ( 1947 ) , the first recipient of the BAFTA Award for Best British Film . He starred in a number of successful British and American films from the 1950s to the early 1980s , including The Desert Fox , A Star Is Born , 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea , Lolita , North by Northwest , The Prisoner of Zenda , Journey to the Centre of the Earth , A Touch of Larceny , Bigger Than Life , Julius Caesar , Georgy Girl , The Deadly Affair , Age of Consent , Heaven Can Wait , The Boys from Brazil , The Verdict , Mandingo , Murder by Decree and Salem 's Lot . Mason was nominated for three Academy Awards , three Golden Globes ( winning the Golden Globe in 1955 for A Star is Born ) and two BAFTA Awards throughout his career . Following his death in 1984 , his ashes were interred near the tomb of his close friend , fellow English actor Sir Charlie Chaplin .
Barbara Rush ( born January 4 , 1927 ) is an American actress . In 1954 , Rush won the Golden Globe Award as most promising female newcomer for her role in the 1953 American black-and-white science fiction film It Came From Outer Space . Later in her career , Rush became a regular performer in the television series Peyton Place , and appeared in TV movies , miniseries , and a variety of other programs , including the soap opera All My Children and family drama 7th Heaven , as well as starring in films including The Young Philadelphians , The Young Lions , Robin and the 7 Hoods , and Hombre .
The True Story of Jesse James is a 1957 American Western drama film adapted from Henry King 's 1939 film Jesse James , which was only loosely based on James ' life . It was directed by Nicholas Ray , with Robert Wagner portraying Jesse James and Jeffrey Hunter starring as Frank James . Filming took place during 1955 . Originally titled The James Brothers in the United Kingdom , the film focused on the relationship between the two James brothers during the last 18 years of Jesse James ' life .
Robert John Wagner Jr. ( born February 10 , 1930 ) is an American actor of stage , screen , and television , best known for starring in the television shows It Takes a Thief ( 1968-1970 ) , Switch ( 1975-1978 ) , and Hart to Hart ( 1979-1984 ) . He also had a recurring role as Teddy Leopold on the TV sitcom Two and a Half Men and has a recurring role as Anthony DiNozzo Sr. on the police procedural NCIS . In movies , Wagner is known for his role as Number 2 in the Austin Powers trilogy of films ( 1997 , 1999 , 2002 ) , as well as for A Kiss Before Dying , The Pink Panther , Harper , The Towering Inferno and many more . In 2018 , Wagner was named a person of interest in an ongoing investigation into the mysterious drowning death of his wife , Natalie Wood , in 1981 .
Hope Elise Ross Lange ( November 28 , 1933 - December 19 , 2003 ) was an American film , stage , and television actress . Lange was nominated for the Best Supporting Actress Golden Globe and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her portrayal of Selena Cross in the 1957 film Peyton Place . In 1969 and 1970 , she won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series for her role as Carolyn Muir in the sitcom The Ghost & Mrs. Muir .
Jeffrey Hunter ( born Henry Herman Hank McKinnies Jr. ; November 25 , 1926 - May 27 , 1969 ) was an American film and television actor and producer known for his roles in films such as The Searchers and King of Kings . On television , Hunter was known for his 1965 role as Capt . Christopher Pike in the original pilot episode of Star Trek and the later use of that footage in The Menagerie .
Bitter Victory ( French title Amère victoire ) is a 1957 black and white Franco-American international co-production film , shot in CinemaScope and directed by Nicholas Ray . Set in World War II , it stars Richard Burton and Curt Jürgens as two British Army officers sent out on a commando raid in North Africa . Ruth Roman plays the former lover of one and the wife of the other . It is based on the novel of the same name by René Hardy .
Éditions Robert Laffont is a book publishing company in France founded in 1941 by Robert Laffont . Its publications are distributed in almost all francophone countries , but mainly in France , Canada and in Belgium . It is considered as one of the most important French publishing houses . Imprints belonging to Éditions Robert Laffont include éditions Julliard , les Seghers , Foreign Rights and NiL Éditions . In 1990 , Éditions Robert Laffont was acquired by the French publishing group Groupe de La Cité . It is now part of Editis . Éditions Robert Laffont published the Quid encyclopedia from 1975 to 2007 , but announced that the 2008 edition of the encyclopedia would not be published after annual sales had fallen from a high of 400,000 to less than 100,000 , apparently because of competition from online information sources such as Wikipedia .
Richard Burton , CBE ( /ˈbɜːrtən/ ; born Richard Walter Jenkins Jr. ; 10 November 1925 - 5 August 1984 ) was a Welsh actor . Noted for his mellifluous baritone voice , Burton established himself as a formidable Shakespearean actor in the 1950s , and he gave a memorable performance of Hamlet in 1964 . He was called the natural successor to Olivier by critic and dramaturge Kenneth Tynan . An alcoholic , Burton 's failure to live up to those expectations disappointed critics and colleagues and fuelled his legend as a great thespian wastrel . Burton was nominated for an Academy Award seven times , but never won an Oscar . He was a recipient of BAFTAs , Golden Globes , and Tony Awards for Best Actor . In the mid-1960s , Burton ascended into the ranks of the top box office stars . By the late 1960s , Burton was one of the highest-paid actors in the world , receiving fees of $ 1 million or more plus a share of the gross receipts . Burton remained closely associated in the public consciousness with his second wife , actress Elizabeth Taylor . The couple 's turbulent relationship was rarely out of the news .
Curd Gustav Andreas Gottlieb Franz Jürgens ( 13 December 1915 - 18 June 1982 ) was a German-Austrian stage and film actor . He was usually billed in English-speaking films as Curt Jurgens .
Wind Across the Everglades is a 1958 film directed by Nicholas Ray . Ray was fired from the film before production was finished , and several scenes were completed by screenwriter Budd Schulberg , who also supervised the editing . Chris Fujiwara wrote on Turner Classic Movies that the film is an acid test for auteurists , one of those special films that , while ignored or despised for the most part , are cherished and fiercely defended by those who love great American directors .
Budd Schulberg ( born Seymour Wilson Schulberg , March 27 , 1914 - August 5 , 2009 ) was an American screenwriter , television producer , novelist and sports writer . He was known for his 1941 novel , What Makes Sammy Run ? , his 1947 novel The Harder They Fall , his 1954 Academy Award-winning screenplay for On the Waterfront , and his 1957 screenplay for A Face in the Crowd .
Burl Icle Ivanhoe Ives ( June 14 , 1909 - April 14 , 1995 ) was an American singer and actor of stage , screen , radio and television . Ives began as an itinerant singer and banjoist , and launched his own radio show , The Wayfaring Stranger , which popularized traditional folk songs . In 1942 , he appeared in Irving Berlin 's This Is the Army , and then became a major star of CBS radio . In the 1960s , he successfully crossed over into country music , recording hits such as A Little Bitty Tear and Funny Way of Laughin ' . A popular film actor through the late 1940s and '50s , Ives 's best-known film roles included parts in So Dear to My Heart ( 1949 ) and Cat on a Hot Tin Roof ( 1958 ) , as well as Rufus Hannassey in The Big Country ( 1958 ) , for which he won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . Ives is often remembered for his voice-over work as Sam the Snowman , narrator of the classic 1964 Christmas television special Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer , which continues to air annually around Christmas .
Arthur Christopher Orme Plummer CC ( born December 13 , 1929 ) is a Canadian actor whose career has spanned six decades , beginning with his film debut in Stage Struck ( 1958 ) . He is known for portraying Captain Georg von Trapp in The Sound of Music ( 1965 ) , and has portrayed numerous major historical figures , including the Emperor Commodus in The Fall of the Roman Empire ( 1964 ) , Arthur Wellesley , 1st Duke of Wellington in Waterloo ( 1970 ) , Rudyard Kipling in The Man Who Would Be King ( 1975 ) , Mike Wallace in The Insider ( 1999 ) , Leo Tolstoy in The Last Station ( 2009 ) , Kaiser Wilhelm II in The Exception ( 2016 ) , and J. Paul Getty in All the Money in the World ( 2017 ) . Plummer has received various accolades for his work , including an Academy Award , a Genie Award , two Emmy Awards , two Tony Awards , a Golden Globe Award , a Screen Actors Guild Award , and a British Academy Film Award ; he is one of the few performers to receive the Triple Crown of Acting , and the only Canadian . He won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor at the age of 82 for Beginners ( 2010 ) , becoming the oldest actor to win an acting award , and he received a nomination at the age of 88 for All the Money in the World , making him the oldest person to be nominated in an acting category .