List of Washington & Jefferson College alumni
Athletics
Table:
Alumni

Class year

Notability

References

Bill Amos

?

Head coach of Washington & Jefferson Presidents football team (1929–1931)

[226]

John Brallier

1895†

First openly paid professional football player

[227]

Wayne Brenkert

?

Professional football player for the Akron Pros, where he also served as head coach

[228]

Bird Carroll

?

Professional football player with the Canton Bulldogs (1921–1925), winning the NFL Championship in 1922 and 1923

[229]

Forrest Douds

1930

Professional football player for the Portsmouth Spartans, Providence Steam Roller, Chicago Cardinals, and the Pittsburgh Pirates; member of the 1930 NFL All-Pro Team; first head coach of the Pittsburgh Steelers in 1933

[230][231]

Hal Erickson

?

Professional football player from 1923 to 1930, winning the 1925 NFL Championship with the Chicago Cardinals; head coach for the Milwaukee Badgers (1924)

[232]

Edgar Garbisch

1920†

Member of the College Football Hall of Fame

[233]

Doc Gessler

1901†

Major League Baseball right fielder and physician, playing for five teams during his 8-year career; played in the 1906 World Series for the Chicago Cubs; team captain of the Boston Red Sox in 1909; Manager of the Pittsburgh Rebels of the Federal League in 1914

[234]

Roger Goodell

1981

Commissioner of the National Football League (2006–present)

[235]

Charlie Guy

?

Professional football player for the Detroit Heralds, Detroit Tigers, Buffalo All-Americans, Cleveland Indians, and the Dayton Triangles; was named to the 1923 NFL All-Pro team

[236]

Chuck Heberling

1949

National Football League official, where he was referee for The Drive and was on the officiating crew for three Super Bowls; executive director of Western Pennsylvania Interscholastic Athletic League (1972–1998)

[237]

Pete Henry

1919

Professional football player and coach; member of the College Football Hall of Fame and Pro Football Hall of Fame

[238][239]

Paul T. Hogan

?

Professional football player, winning the 1926 NFL Championship with the Frankford Yellow Jackets

[240]

Buddy Jeannette

1938

National Basketball League player; member of the Basketball Hall of Fame; later coached the Pittsburgh Pipers of the American Basketball Association

[241][242][243]

Herb Kopf

1925

Professional football coach for Manhattan College (1938–1942) and the Boston Yanks (1944–1946); a member of the Washington & Jefferson Presidents' 1922 Rose Bowl team

[244][245]

Ray Neal

?

Professional football coach and player; head coach at DePauw University

[246]

Andy Oyler

?

Major League Baseball player; known in baseball lore for hitting the shortest home run in history: 24 inches.

[247][248]

Joe Philbin

1984

Head coach of the Miami Dolphins (2012–present); Offensive Coordinator for the Green Bay Packers (2007–2012)

[249]

Fred Shirey

?

Professional football player for the Cleveland Rams and the Green Bay Packers; drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles in the 5th round (32nd overall) of the 1938 NFL Draft

[250]

Johnny Spiegel

?

1914 College Football All-America Team Consensus selection

[251]

From the following table along with the supplementary paragraphs listed at the end.

Solve the question: How many games did this MLB player , who joined the team that plays home games at Wrigley Field ? , play in total ? Respond with the correct answer (omit explanations) in JSON format as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Base your answer solely on the given information.

William E. Amos ( July 6 , 1898 - April 26 , 1987 ) was an American college football player and coach . He is considered to be one of the best college football players in Washington & Jefferson College history . Amos was born in Graysville , Pennsylvania . He attended The Kiski School and was a veteran of World War I . As a fullback for Washington & Jefferson for was named to the 1926 College Football All-America Team and the 1927 College Football All-America Team . After graduation , he turned down an offer from Pete Henry to play for the New York Giants and a minor league baseball contract . He returned to coach the Washington & Jefferson College football team from 1929 to 1931 , amassing a record of 17-8-3 . During the 1929 football season , Amos shared the head coach title with Ray Ride , who resigned after the season citing it being impossible to operate under dual authority . From 1937 through 1946 , he was a multi-sport coach at Washington High School . He was a driving force in the creation of PONY Baseball and Softball . He also volunteered at the Brownson House . In 1932 , Amos was seriously injured in an automobile collision , sustaining a fractured skull and broken left arm .
The Washington & Jefferson Presidents football team represents Washington & Jefferson College in collegiate level football . The team competes in NCAA Division III and is affiliated with the Presidents ' Athletic Conference ( PAC ) . Since its founding in 1890 , the team has played their home games at College Field , which was remodeled and renamed Cameron Stadium in 2001 . A number of players were named to the College Football All-America Team , and two players , Pete Henry and Edgar Garbisch , have been elected to the College Football Hall of Fame . Several other former players have gone on to play professionally , including Deacon Dan Towler , Russ Stein , and Pete Henry , who was also elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame and the National Football League ( NFL ) 1920s All-Decade Team . The team has been coached by some of the best-known coaches in football history , including John Heisman , Greasy Neale , and Andy Kerr . Founded in 1890 , the team quickly became well known for drawing large crowds and defeating a number of prominent football teams . The faculty and administration expressed concern over the strength of the team and made efforts to reduce the influence of professionalism on the players . During the 1910s , some sportswriters suggested that the Presidents were one of the top teams in the nation . The greatest achievement in the team 's history was in 1921 , when the Presidents appeared in the 1922 Rose Bowl , playing the heavily favored California Golden Bears to a scoreless tie . The Red and Black finished the season with a share of the 1921 national championship , as named by the Boand System . As college football evolved in the 1930s and 1940s , the Presidents fell far behind their larger competitors , who were able to offer scholarships for their players .
John Kinport Sal Brallier ( December 12 , 1876 - September 17 , 1960 ) was one of the first professional American football players . He was nationally acknowledged as the first openly paid professional football player when he was given $ 10 to play for the Latrobe Athletic Association for a game against the Jeanette Athletic Association in 1895 .
Wayne Dewey Brenkert ( March 5 , 1898 - August 1 , 1979 ) was a professional American football player-coach for the Akron Pros . Prior to his professional career , he attended Washington & Jefferson College .
American football , referred to as football in the United States and Canada and also known as gridiron , [ nb 1 ] is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end . The offense , the team with possession of the oval-shaped football , attempts to advance down the field by running with the ball or passing it , while the defense , the team without possession of the ball , aims to stop the offense 's advance and to take control of the ball for themselves . The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs or plays ; if they fail , they turn over the football to the defense , but if they succeed , they are given a new set of four downs to continue the drive . Points are scored primarily by advancing the ball into the opposing team 's end zone for a touchdown or kicking the ball through the opponent 's goalposts for a field goal . The team with the most points at the end of a game wins . American football evolved in the United States , originating from the sports of soccer and rugby . The first American football match was played on November 6 , 1869 , between two college teams , Rutgers and Princeton , using rules based on the rules of soccer at the time . A set of rule changes drawn up from 1880 onward by Walter Camp , the Father of American Football , established the snap , the line of scrimmage , eleven-player teams , and the concept of downs . Later rule changes legalized the forward pass , created the neutral zone and specified the size and shape of the football . The sport is closely related to Canadian football , which evolved in parallel with and at the same time as the American game ( although their rules were developed independently from that of Camp 's ) . Most of the features that distinguish American football from rugby and soccer are also present in Canadian football . The two sports are considered the primary variants of gridiron football .
The Akron Pros were a professional football team that played in Akron , Ohio , from 1908 to 1926 . The team originated in 1908 as a semi-pro team named the Akron Indians , but later became Akron Pros in 1920 as the team set out to become a charter member of the American Professional Football Association ( later renamed the National Football League ( NFL ) in 1922 ) . Fritz Pollard , the first black head coach in the NFL , co-coached the Akron Pros in 1921 . Paul Robeson played for the team in 1921 as well . He was among the earliest stars of professional football , before football became segregated from 1934 to 1946 . In 1926 , the name was changed back to the Akron Indians , after the earlier semi-pro team . Due to financial problems , the team suspended operations in 1927 and surrendered its franchise the following year .
Elmer Ellsworth Bird Carroll was a professional football player during the early years of the National Football League with the Canton Bulldogs . He attended Washington & Jefferson College . Caroll won NFL championships with the Canton Bulldogs in 1922 and 1923 .
→
The National Football League champions , prior to the merger between the National Football League ( NFL ) and American Football League ( AFL ) in 1970 , were determined by two different systems . The National Football League was established on September 17 , 1920 , as the American Professional Football Association ( APFA ) . The APFA changed its name in 1922 to the National Football League , which it has retained ever since . From 1921 to 1931 , the APFA/NFL determined its champion by overall win-loss record , with no playoff games ; ties were not counted in the winning percentage total . The APFA did not keep records of the 1920 season ; they declared the Akron Pros , who finished the season with an 8-0-3 ( 8 wins , 0 losses , 3 ties ) record , as the league 's first champions by a vote of the owners . The Canton Bulldogs won two straight championships from 1922 to 1923 , and the Green Bay Packers won three in a row from 1929 to 1931 . The 1932 NFL season resulted in a tie for first place between the Chicago Bears and Portsmouth Spartans , and could not be resolved by the typical win-loss system . To settle the tie , a playoff game was played ; Chicago won the game and the championship . The following year , the NFL split into two divisions , and the winner of each division would play in the NFL Championship Game . In 1967 , the NFL and the rival AFL agreed to merge , effective following the 1969 season ; as part of this deal , the NFL champion from 1966 to 1969 would play the AFL champion in an AFL-NFL World Championship Game in each of the four seasons before the completed merger . The NFL Championship Game was ended after the 1969 season , succeeded by the NFC Championship Game . The champions of that game play the champions of the AFC Championship Game in the Super Bowl to determine the NFL champion .
at Lakeside Park , Canton , Ohio The Bulldogs opened their 1922 season with a win against the Louisville Brecks . Playing under a crowd of 3,000 , the Bulldogs won 38 to 0 . In the first quarter , Candy Miller scored a 10-yard rushing touchdown . In the second quarter , Arda Bowser had a 16-yard rushing touchdown and Ed Shaw had a rushing touch down as well . Norb Sacksteder contributed too by having a rushing touchdown in the third quarter . Chamberlin and Bowser both had rushing touchdowns in the fourth quarter . The Bulldogs ' kicker , Bowser , made two and missed four extra points .
The 1923 Canton Bulldogs season was their fourth in the league . The team improved on their previous output of 10-0-2 , winning eleven games . With the best record in the league , they were crowned the NFL Champions .
Forrest McCreery Jap Douds ( April 21 , 1905 - August 16 , 1979 ) was an All-American football player at Washington and Jefferson College in suburban Washington , Pennsylvania , where he was selected as an All-American three times and was the first player ever selected to the East-West Game in two separate seasons . He played professional American football player for the Portsmouth Spartans , Providence Steam Roller , Chicago Cardinals , and the Pittsburgh Pirates . He was named to the 1930 NFL All-Pro Team . In 1933 , he became the first coach of the Pittsburgh Steelers in 1933 leading the team to a 3-6-2 record before being replaced in the off-season . He was inducted into Beaver County Sports Hall of Fame in 1976 .
The professional American football team now known as the Detroit Lions previously played in Portsmouth , Ohio from its founding in 1928 to its relocation to Detroit in 1934 . This article chronicles the team 's history during their time as the Portsmouth Spartans . Originally drawing players from defunct independent professional and semi-pro teams , they joined the fledgling National Football League in 1930 . Their home stadium was Universal Stadium ( known today as Spartan Municipal Stadium ) .
The Providence Steam Rollers ( also referred to as the Providence Steam Roller , the Providence Steamroller and the Providence Steamrollers ) was a professional American football team based in Providence , Rhode Island in the National Football League from 1925 to 1931 . Providence was the first New England team to win an NFL championship . The Steam Roller won the league 's championship in 1928 . They are the last team to win a championship and no longer be in the league . Most of their home games were played in a 10,000-seat stadium that was built for bicycle races called the Cycledrome .
The professional American football team now known as the Arizona Cardinals previously played in Chicago , Illinois as the Chicago Cardinals from 1920 to 1959 before relocating to St. Louis , Missouri for the 1960 season .
The Pittsburgh Steelers are a professional American football team based in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . They compete in the National Football League ( NFL ) as a member club of the American Football Conference ( AFC ) North division . Founded in 1933 , the Steelers are the seventh-oldest franchise in the NFL , and they are the oldest franchise in the AFC . In contrast with their status as perennial also-rans in the pre-merger NFL , where they were the oldest team never to have won a league championship , the Steelers of the post-merger ( modern ) era are among the most successful NFL franchises . The team is tied with the New England Patriots for the most Super Bowl titles at six , and they have both played in ( 16 times ) and hosted ( 11 times ) more conference championship games than any other team in the NFL . The Steelers have also won eight AFC championships , tied with the Denver Broncos , but behind the Patriots ' record 11 AFC championships . The team is tied with the Broncos and Dallas Cowboys for the second-most Super Bowl appearances with eight . They lost their most recent championship appearance , Super Bowl XLV , on February 6 , 2011 . The Steelers , whose history may be traced to a regional pro team that was established in the early 1920s , joined the NFL as the Pittsburgh Pirates on July 8 , 1933 . The team was owned by Art Rooney and took its original name from the baseball team of the same name , as was common practice for NFL teams at the time . To distinguish them from the baseball team , local media took to calling the football team the Rooneymen , an unofficial nickname that persisted for decades after the team had adopted its current nickname . The ownership of the Steelers has remained within the Rooney family since the organization 's founding .
All-Pro is an honor bestowed upon professional American football players that designates the best player at each position during a given season . All-Pro players are typically selected by press organizations , who select an All-Pro team , a list that consists of at least 22 players , one for each offensive and defensive position , plus various special teams players depending on the press organization that compiles the list . All-Pro lists are exclusively limited to the major leagues , usually only the National Football League ; in the past , other leagues recognized as major , such as the American Football League of the 1960s or the All-America Football Conference of the 1940s , have been included in All-Pro lists . Beginning in the early 1920s , All-Pro teams have traditionally been assembled from press polls of individually voting sportswriters . After polling the writers , the votes are tallied to determine the selected players and the results have historically been published through various news syndicates . Today , the teams are mostly published online or announced on various televised sports programs . Some organizations publish two All-Pro lists , a First Team and a Second Team , with the first consisting of more prominent players than the second . The Associated Press ( AP ) and its All-Pro selections are the most widely recognized today . Other polls include the United Press International All-Pro poll , which began in the 1940s and continued in various forms until 1997 , the Newspaper Enterprise Association All-Pro team , which ran from 1954 until 1996 , and the Pro Football Writers Association All-Pro teams , which were inaugurated in 1966 and continue to be released annually . The NFL itself compiled official All-Pro lists beginning in 1931 but abandoned the practice in 1942 . The All-Pro designation , while not officially sanctioned by the NFL , is generally considered a more prestigious honor than the NFL 's official all-star designation , a Pro Bowl recognition : a minimum of twice as many Pro Bowlers are selected as first and second team All-Pro slots combined , and Pro Bowl selections often drop out , allowing a lesser player to also receive the honor by default , which does not occur with the All-Pro list .
The Pittsburgh Steelers franchise has had 16 head coaches throughout its history . Founded as the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1933 , the name was changed to the Steelers prior to the 1941 season to celebrate the city 's heritage of producing steel . Joe Bach served two separate terms as head coach and Walt Kiesling served three separate terms . During the 1943 and 1944 seasons , due to the number of players who fought in World War II , the Steelers combined their team with Philadelphia and Chicago , respectively . During these seasons , Kiesling shared coaching duties with Greasy Neale and Phil Handler , who have not been included within this list . Struggling [ clarification needed ] for much of the franchise 's early years , the team 's first season with more wins than losses was coached by Jock Sutherland in 1942 . In 1947 , under Sutherland , the Steelers played their first playoff game against the Philadelphia Eagles . Ten of the 16 head coaches spent their entire professional coaching careers with the franchise , including Kiesling , John McNally , and Chuck Noll , who have also been voted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame . One of only four men to coach the same team for 23 years , Noll retired in 1991 . Bill Cowher , who was Noll 's replacement , coached the Steelers to their fifth Super Bowl victory , in 2005 and was voted into the Hall of Fame in 2020 . The Steelers ' sixth Super Bowl win came in Super Bowl XLIII , while head-coached by Mike Tomlin , the team 's current head coach .
The Pittsburgh Steelers are a professional American football team based in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . They compete in the National Football League ( NFL ) as a member club of the American Football Conference ( AFC ) North division . Founded in 1933 , the Steelers are the seventh-oldest franchise in the NFL , and they are the oldest franchise in the AFC . In contrast with their status as perennial also-rans in the pre-merger NFL , where they were the oldest team never to have won a league championship , the Steelers of the post-merger ( modern ) era are among the most successful NFL franchises . The team is tied with the New England Patriots for the most Super Bowl titles at six , and they have both played in ( 16 times ) and hosted ( 11 times ) more conference championship games than any other team in the NFL . The Steelers have also won eight AFC championships , tied with the Denver Broncos , but behind the Patriots ' record 11 AFC championships . The team is tied with the Broncos and Dallas Cowboys for the second-most Super Bowl appearances with eight . They lost their most recent championship appearance , Super Bowl XLV , on February 6 , 2011 . The Steelers , whose history may be traced to a regional pro team that was established in the early 1920s , joined the NFL as the Pittsburgh Pirates on July 8 , 1933 . The team was owned by Art Rooney and took its original name from the baseball team of the same name , as was common practice for NFL teams at the time . To distinguish them from the baseball team , local media took to calling the football team the Rooneymen , an unofficial nickname that persisted for decades after the team had adopted its current nickname . The ownership of the Steelers has remained within the Rooney family since the organization 's founding .
Harold Ingvald Alexander Erickson ( March 10 , 1898 - January 27 , 1963 ) was an American football back who played for three teams over eight seasons in the National Football League ( NFL ) , four with the Chicago Cardinals , including the 1925 NFL Champion team .
The 1925 National Football League Championship , claimed by the Chicago Cardinals , has long been the subject of controversy . The controversy centers on the suspension of the Pottsville Maroons by NFL commissioner Joseph Carr , which prevented them from taking the title . The Maroons were one of the dominant teams of the 1925 season , and after defeating the Chicago Cardinals on December 6 , came away with the best record in the league . However , Carr suspended and removed the team from the NFL after they played an unauthorized exhibition game in Philadelphia , on the grounds that they had violated the territorial rights of the Frankford Yellow Jackets . Chicago played and won two more games against weak NFL opponents , but were sanctioned because a Chicago player , Art Folz , hired four Chicago high school football players to play for the Milwaukee Badgers under assumed names to ensure a Cardinals victory . Pottsville supporters argue that the suspension was illegitimate because the League did not then grant exclusive territory rights and that , in any event , they had verbal League approval to play the game in Philadelphia . Further , they argue that the Maroons , who were reinstated the next year , would have had the best record had they not been suspended . Others claim that Chicago was the legitimate champion based on the rules of the time . In 1963 , the NFL investigated and rejected Pottsville 's case , and in 2003 refused to reopen the case . Both the NFL and the Pro Football Hall of Fame continue to list the Cardinals as the 1925 NFL champions .
The Milwaukee Badgers were a professional American football team , based in Milwaukee , Wisconsin , that played in the National Football League from 1922 to 1926 . The team played its home games at Athletic Park , later known as Borchert Field , on Milwaukee 's north side . The team was notable for having many African-American players for the time . After the team folded following the 1926 season ( largely due to being left broke because of a $ 500 fine by the NFL for using four high-school players in a 1925 game against the Chicago Cardinals , a game arranged after the Badgers had disbanded for the season ) , many of its members played for the independent semi-pro Milwaukee Eagles . Some of the players from this team went on to play for the NFL 's Pittsburgh Pirates in 1933 . This has led some to mistakenly believe that either the Badgers or Eagles became the Pittsburgh Steelers . The Milwaukee market is now claimed by the Green Bay Packers , who played three or four regular season games there from 1933-94 , including the 1939 NFL Championship Game . The Packers still reserve two games a season for their old Milwaukee season ticket holders , and have their flagship radio station there as well .
Edgar William Garbisch ( April 7 , 1899 - December 13 , 1979 ) was an American college football player , military officer , businessman and art collector . He played eight years of college football at Washington & Jefferson College ( 1917-1920 ) and the United States Military Academy ( 1921-1924 ) and was an All-American each year from 1922 to 1924 . He was inducted to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1954 . Garbisch was the sales manager of the Postum cereal company in the late 1920s and early 1930s and president of Cellulose Products Corp. and Tisch Inc. , in the 1930s . During World War II , he served as a colonel in the U.S. Army and was responsible for directing all military construction in New England and New York , including 39 Army airfields and embarkation camps . From 1945 to 1971 , he was affiliated with Grocery Store Products , Inc. , first as president and then as chief executive officer and chairman . Garbisch was married for more than 50 years to Bernice Chrysler , the daughter of Chrysler founder Walter P. Chrysler , and they became important art collectors . Their collection of American Naïve art paintings , consisting of more than 2,600 pieces , was considered the most comprehensive ever assembled with much of it being given to museums during their lifetimes .
Original plans in 1967 called for the Hall of Fame to be located at Rutgers University in New Brunswick , New Jersey , the location of the first contest under rules now considered to be those of modern football , between teams from Rutgers and the College of New Jersey , now Princeton University ; Rutgers won 6-4 . Rutgers donated land near its football stadium , office space , and administrative support . After years of collecting donations for the construction of the building with ground not having been broken and no plans to do so , the New Jersey Attorney General began an investigation of the finances of the Hall of Fame 's foundation , the National Football Foundation . In response , the Foundation moved its operations to New York City , where it continued to collect donations for several years .
Henry Homer Doc Gessler ( December 23 , 1880 - December 25 , 1924 ) was a Major League Baseball player born in Greensburg , Pennsylvania , who began his eight-season career , at the age of 22 , with the Detroit Tigers in 1903 . He played mainly as a right fielder in a career that totaled 880 games played , 2969 at bats , 831 hits , 363 RBIs and 14 home runs . Doc died in Greensburg at the age of 44 , and is interred in Saint Bernard Cemetery in Indiana , Pennsylvania .
Major League Baseball ( MLB ) is a professional baseball organization . It is the oldest of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada . A total of 30 teams play in Major League Baseball : 15 teams in the National League ( NL ) and 15 in the American League ( AL ) . The NL and AL were formed as separate legal entities in 1876 and 1901 , respectively . Beginning in 1903 , the two leagues cooperated but remained legally separate entities . In 2000 the leagues merged into a single organization led by the Commissioner of Baseball . MLB also oversees Minor League Baseball , which comprises 256 teams affiliated with the major league clubs . MLB and the World Baseball Softball Confederation jointly manage the international World Baseball Classic tournament . Baseball 's first openly all-professional team was the Cincinnati Red Stockings founded in 1869 . Before that , some teams had secretly paid some players . The first few decades of professional baseball were characterized by rivalries between leagues and by players who often jumped from one team or league to another . The period before 1920 is known as the dead-ball era , during which players would rarely hit home runs .
The 1906 World Series featured a crosstown matchup between the Chicago Cubs , who had posted the highest regular-season win total ( 116 ) and winning percentage ( .763 ) in the major leagues since the advent of the 154-game season ; and the Chicago White Sox . The White Sox , known as the Hitless Wonders after finishing with the worst team batting average ( .230 ) in the American League , beat the Cubs in six games for one of the greatest upsets in Series history . This was the first World Series played by two teams from the same metropolitan area . The teams split the first four games ; then the Hitless Wonders ( a name coined by sportswriter Charles Dryden ) exploded for 26 hits in the last two games . True to their nickname , the White Sox hit only .198 as a team in winning the series , but it beat the .196 average produced by the Cubs . In Game 3 , Ed Walsh struck out 12 Cubs , breaking the previous record of 11 set by Bill Dinneen in 1903 . The 1906 Series was the first to be played between two teams from the same city . To date , it remains the only World Series played between the two Chicago teams ( In fact , it would be another 102 years before both Chicago teams would qualify for the playoffs during the same season , as this was next accomplished in 2008 ) , and one of only two Series ( the other being the 1944 World Series between the St. Louis Cardinals and St. Louis Browns ) played outside New York City that featured two teams from the same city ( although the 1989 World Series was played between the San Francisco Giants and the Oakland Athletics , which are roughly 10 miles apart ) . This is also the most recent World Series where both teams were making their first appearance in the Fall Classic , and since the Washington Nationals made it into the World Series in 2019 as the last National League team ( leaving the Seattle Mariners as the only current MLB team without an appearance in the Fall Classic ) there is currently no such makeup possible - at least until new franchises are accepted into MLB .
The Chicago Cubs are an American professional baseball team based in Chicago , Illinois . The Cubs compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the National League ( NL ) Central division . The team plays its home games at Wrigley Field , located on the city 's North Side . The Cubs are one of two major league teams in Chicago ; the other , the Chicago White Sox , is a member of the American League ( AL ) Central division . The Cubs , first known as the White Stockings , were a founding member of the NL in 1876 , becoming the Chicago Cubs in 1903 . The Cubs have appeared in a total of eleven World Series . The 1906 Cubs won 116 games , finishing 116-36 and posting a modern-era record winning percentage of .763 , before losing the World Series to the Chicago White Sox ( The Hitless Wonders ) by four games to two . The Cubs won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908 , becoming the first major league team to play in three consecutive World Series , and the first to win it twice . Most recently , the Cubs won the 2016 National League Championship Series and 2016 World Series , which ended a 71-year National League pennant drought and a 108-year World Series championship drought , both of which are record droughts in Major League Baseball . The 108-year drought was also the longest such occurrence in all major North American sports . Since the start of divisional play in 1969 , the Cubs have appeared in the postseason ten times through the 2019 season . The Cubs are known as the North Siders , a reference to the location of Wrigley Field within the city of Chicago , and in contrast to the White Sox , whose home field ( Guaranteed Rate Field ) is located on the South Side .
The Boston Red Sox are an American professional baseball team based in Boston , Massachusetts . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the American League ( AL ) East division . The team have won nine World Series championships , tied for the third-most of any MLB team , and they have played in 13 . Their most recent World Series appearance and win was in 2018 . In addition , they won the 1904 American League pennant , but were not able to defend their 1903 World Series championship when the New York Giants refused to participate in the 1904 World Series . Founded in 1901 as one of the American League 's eight charter franchises , the Red Sox ' home ballpark has been Fenway Park since 1912 . The Red Sox name was chosen by the team owner , John I. Taylor , circa 1908 , following the lead of previous teams that had been known as the Boston Red Stockings , including the forerunner of the Atlanta Braves . The Red Sox were a dominant team in the new league , defeating the Pittsburgh Pirates in the first World Series in 1903 and winning four more championships by 1918 . However , they then went into one of the longest championship droughts in baseball history , dubbed the Curse of the Bambino after its alleged inception due to the Red Sox ' sale of Babe Ruth to the rival New York Yankees two years after their world championship in 1918 , an 86-year wait before the team 's sixth World Championship in 2004 . The team 's history during that period was punctuated with some of the most memorable moments in World Series history , including Enos Slaughter 's mad dash in 1946 , the Impossible Dream of 1967 , Carlton Fisk 's home run in 1975 , and Bill Buckner 's error in 1986 . Following their victory in the 2018 World Series , they became the first team to win four World Series trophies in the 21st century , with championships in 2004 , 2007 , 2013 and 2018 . The team 's history has also been marked by the team 's intense rivalry with the New York Yankees , arguably the fiercest and most historic in North American professional sports .
The Pittsburgh Rebels were a Major League Baseball club based in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania in 1914 and 1915 . The team was a member of the short-lived Federal League.They finished the 1914 season as the Pittsburgh Rebels . The team was originally called Pittsburgh Stogies after an earlier Pittsburgh team that played in the Union Association in 1884 . They finished the year as the Pittsburgh Rebels . The team played all of its home games at Exposition Park , located on Pittsburgh 's Northside . The Pittsburgh Pirates of the National League left the stadium for Forbes Field in 1909 . After the Rebels left Exposition Park in 1915 , the field was demolished and its property became part of the rail yards .
The Federal League of Base Ball Clubs , known simply as the Federal League , was an American professional baseball league that played its first season in 1913 and operated as a third major league , in competition with the established National and American Leagues , from 1914 to 1915 . The Federal League came together in early 1913 through the work of John T. Powers , and immediately challenged the operations of organized baseball . Playing in what detractors called the outlaw league allowed players to avoid the restrictions of the organized leagues ' reserve clause . The competition of another , better paying league caused players ' salaries to skyrocket , demonstrating the bargaining potential of free agency for the first time . Interference by the National and American Leagues in their operations caused the Federal League to fold after the 1915 season . This resulted in a landmark federal lawsuit , Federal Baseball Club v. National League , in which the U.S. Supreme Court ultimately ruled that the Sherman Antitrust Act did not apply to Major League Baseball . The Federal League left its mark on baseball history in the field now known as Wrigley Field , which was originally built for the Chicago Whales Federal League team . The league itself and many sports writers considered it a major league during its existence ; organized baseball recognized its major league status in 1968 . It would be the last independent major league outside the established structure of professional baseball to make it to the playing field , and would be the last serious attempt to create a third major league until the abortive Continental League of 1960 .
Roger Stokoe Goodell ( born February 19 , 1959 ) is an American businessman who is currently the Commissioner of the National Football League ( NFL ) . On August 8 , 2006 , Goodell was chosen to succeed retiring commissioner Paul Tagliabue . He was chosen for the position over four finalists ; he won a close vote on the fifth ballot before being unanimously approved by acclamation of the owners . He officially began his tenure on September 1 , 2006 , just prior to the beginning of the 2006 NFL season . On December 6 , 2017 , the NFL announced that Goodell signed a new contract that will start in 2019 . Commentators have described him as the most powerful man in sports .
The National Football League ( NFL ) is a professional American football league consisting of 32 teams , divided equally between the National Football Conference ( NFC ) and the American Football Conference ( AFC ) . The NFL is one of the four major professional sports leagues in North America and the highest professional level of American football in the world . The NFL 's 17-week regular season runs from early September to late December , with each team playing 16 games and having one bye week . Following the conclusion of the regular season , six teams from each conference ( four division winners and two wild card teams ) advance to the playoffs , a single-elimination tournament culminating in the Super Bowl , which is usually held on the first Sunday in February and is played between the champions of the NFC and AFC . The NFL was formed in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association ( APFA ) before renaming itself the National Football League for the 1922 season . After initially determining champions through end-of-season standings , a playoff system was implemented in 1933 that culminated with the NFL Championship Game until 1966 . Following an agreement to merge the NFL with the American Football League ( AFL ) , the Super Bowl was first held in 1967 to determine a champion between the best teams from the two leagues and has remained as the final game of each NFL season since the merger was completed in 1970 . Today , the NFL has the highest average attendance ( 67,591 ) of any professional sports league in the world and is the most popular sports league in the United States . The Super Bowl is also among the biggest club sporting events in the world , with the individual games accounting for many of the most watched television programs in American history and all occupying the Nielsen 's Top 5 tally of the all-time most watched U.S. television broadcasts by 2015 . The Green Bay Packers hold the most combined NFL championships with 13 , winning nine titles before the Super Bowl era and four Super Bowls afterwards . Since the creation of the Super Bowl , the Pittsburgh Steelers and New England Patriots both have the most championship titles at six .
Charles Howgate Guy ( December 5 , 1896 - April 9 , 1974 ) was an American football player . He played college football for Dartmouth College and Washington & Jefferson College and professional football in the National Football League for five teams between 1920 and 1924 . He was selected as an All-NFL player in 1923 .
Detroit , Michigan had four early teams in the National Football League before the Detroit Lions . The Heralds played in 1920 , and had played as an independent as far back as 1905 . The Tigers , a continuation of the Heralds , played in 1921 , folding midseason and sending their players to the Buffalo All-Americans . The Panthers competed from 1925 to 1926 and the Wolverines in 1928 .
The 1921 Detroit Tigers season was their second in the league . The team failed to improve on their previous output of 2-3-3 ( when the team was still known as the Heralds ) , winning only one game . The team folded after the November 13 game and most of its players were allocated to the Buffalo All-Americans for the rest of the year .
Buffalo , New York had a turbulent , early-era National Football League team that operated under multiple names and several different owners between the 1910s and 1920s . The early NFL-era franchise was variously called the Buffalo All-Stars from 1915 to 1917 , Buffalo Niagaras in 1918 , the Buffalo Prospects in 1919 , Buffalo All-Americans from 1920 to 1923 , Buffalo Bisons from 1924 to 1925 and in 1927 and 1929 , and the Buffalo Rangers in 1926 . The franchise , which was experiencing financial problems in 1928 , did not participate in league play that season .
The Cleveland Bulldogs were a team that played in Cleveland , Ohio in the National Football League . They were originally called the Indians in 1923 , not to be confused with the Cleveland Indians NFL franchise in 1922 . However , after team owner Samuel Deutsch purchased the Canton Bulldogs in 1924 , he merged the Canton team with his Indians and renamed his franchise the Cleveland Bulldogs . The Canton Bulldogs remained a part of the team until 1925 , when they were sold back to Canton . The Cleveland Bulldogs played in the NFL until 1928 when they were relocated to Detroit and became the Detroit Wolverines . The team was later incorporated into the New York Giants in 1929 . The Cleveland Bulldogs won the 1924 NFL championship .
The Dayton Triangles were an original franchise of the American Professional Football Association ( now the National Football League ( NFL ) ) in 1920 . The Triangles were based in Dayton , Ohio , and took their nickname from their home field , Triangle Park , which was located at the confluence of the Great Miami and Stillwater Rivers in north Dayton . They were the longest-lasting traveling team in the NFL ( 1920-1929 ) , and the last such road team until the Dallas Texans in 1952 , who , coincidentally , descended from the Dayton franchise .
Charles Heberling ( April 28 , 1925 - December 9 , 2019 ) was an American football official in the National Football League and Western Pennsylvania sports administrator . He was the referee for both the Hail Mary Game and The Drive . He was an alternate for the officiating crew for Super Bowl XXI . Heberling wore the number 46 for the major part of his NFL career . Upon his inauguration into the Washington & Jefferson College Hall of Fame , his alma mater described him as the man who has had the greatest impact on high school athletics in western Pennsylvania in the 100-year history .
In gridiron football , an official is a person who has responsibility in enforcing the rules and maintaining the order of the game . During professional and most college football games , seven officials operate on the field . Beginning in 2015 , Division I college football conferences are using eight game officials , and the Alliance of American Football ( AAF ) used eight game officials for its only season in 2019 . College games outside the Division I level use six or seven officials . Arena football , high school football , and other levels of football have other officiating systems , which use less than the standard seven officials . High school football played under the National Federation of State High School Associations ( NFHS ) rules typically use five officials for varsity and 3 , 4 , or 5 for non-varsity games . Football officials are commonly , but incorrectly , referred to collectively as referees , but each position has specific duties and a specific name : Common positions include referee , umpire , head linesman ( or down judge ) , line judge , field judge ( or back umpire ) , side judge , back judge and center judge . The CFL used an eighth official ( with no official position name ) only during the 2018 playoffs , but that official 's only responsibility was watching for head contact with the quarterback . Because the referee is responsible for the general supervision of the game , the position is sometimes referred to as head referee or crew chief .
The Drive was an offensive series in the fourth quarter of the 1986 AFC Championship Game played on January 11 , 1987 , at Cleveland Municipal Stadium between the Denver Broncos and Cleveland Browns . Broncos quarterback John Elway , in a span of 5 minutes and 2 seconds , led his team 98 yards in 15 plays to tie the game with 37 seconds left in regulation . Denver won the game in overtime making a 38-yard field goal , pulling off a 23-20 win over the Cleveland Browns . The 98-yard drive ranks as pro football 's prototypical clutch performance . Elway and his team spanned almost all of the 100-yard football field . According to an article by Sports Illustrated columnist and Colorado resident Rick Reilly , when Elway started the drive , Broncos offensive guard Keith Bishop said of the Browns , We got 'em right where we want 'em ! Cleveland could not force a fourth down against Denver .
The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the National Football League ( NFL ) played between mid-January and early February . It is the culmination of a regular season that begins in the late summer of the previous year . The game was created as part of the merger agreement between the NFL and its rival the American Football League ( AFL ) . It was agreed that the two champion teams would begin playing in an annual AFL-NFL World Championship Game until the merger officially began in 1970 . The first game was played on January 15 , 1967 after both leagues had completed their respective 1966 seasons . After the merger , each league was re-designated as a conference , and the game has since been played between the conference champions to determine the NFL 's league champion . The NFL restricts the use of its Super Bowl trademark , and it is frequently referred to as the big game or other generic terms by non-sponsoring corporations . The New England Patriots and the Pittsburgh Steelers have the most Super Bowl championship titles with six each . The Patriots have the most Super Bowl appearances with 11 . The National Football Conference ( NFC ) and the American Football Conference ( AFC ) are tied with 27 Super Bowl wins each . The Super Bowl is the second-largest day for U.S. food consumption , after Thanksgiving Day . In addition , the Super Bowl has frequently been the most-watched American television broadcast of the year ; the seven most-watched broadcasts in American television history are Super Bowls .
The Western Pennsylvania Interscholastic Athletic League ( WPIAL ) is an interscholastic athletic association in Western Pennsylvania . It is District 7 of the Pennsylvania Interscholastic Athletic Association .
Wilbur Francis Pete Henry ( October 31 , 1897 - February 7 , 1952 ) was an American football player , coach , and athletic administrator . He was a charter inductee into both the College Football Hall of Fame in 1951 and the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1963 . A native of Mansfield , Ohio , Henry attended Washington & Jefferson College where he played at the tackle position from 1915 to 1919 . He was selected as a consensus All-American in 1918 and again in 1919 . He next played professional football in the National Football League ( NFL ) for the Canton Bulldogs ( 1920-1923 , 1925-1926 ) , New York Giants ( 1927 ) , and Pottsville Maroons ( 1927-1928 ) . He helped lead Canton to consecutive NFL championships in 1922 and 1923 and was selected as a first-team All-Pro four consecutive years from 1920 to 1923 . He also served as head coach with Canton in 1926 and with Pottsville in 1928 . In 1929 , Henry returned to Washington & Jefferson as an assistant football coach . He became athletic director in 1932 and held that position until his death in 1952 . He was also the head coach of the Washington & Jefferson football team in 1942 and 1945 .
The Pro Football Hall of Fame is the hall of fame for professional American football , located in Canton , Ohio . Opened in 1963 , the Hall of Fame enshrines exceptional figures in the sport of professional football , including players , coaches , franchise owners , and front-office personnel , almost all of whom made their primary contributions to the game in the National Football League ( NFL ) ; the Hall inducts between four and eight new enshrinees each year . The Hall of Fame 's Mission is to Honor the Heroes of the Game , Preserve its History , Promote its Values & Celebrate Excellence EVERYWHERE . As of 2020 [ update ] , there are a total of 346 members of the Hall of Fame , 189 of whom are living . Members are referred to as Gold Jackets due to the distinctive gold jackets they receive during the induction ceremony . Between four and eight new inductees are normally enshrined every year . In 2020 , an additional 15 members , known as the Centennial Slate , were inducted into the Hall of Fame to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the NFL .
Paul Timothy Hogan ( September 5 , 1898 - August 13 , 1976 ) was a professional football player for the Akron Pros , Canton Bulldogs , New York Giants , Frankford Yellow Jackets and the Chicago Cardinals . He played football at Washington & Jefferson College , Notre Dame , University of Detroit Mercy , and Niagara University . He played in the National Football League from 1924 through the 1927 season . Hogan won the 1926 NFL championship with the Yellow Jackets . After playing in the NFL , Paul joined the independent Ironton Tanks in 1927 . In an 18-0 victory over Jim Thorpe and the Portsmouth Shoe-Steels , Hogan ran a punt back for a touchdown in the second quarter .
The 1926 NFL season was the seventh regular season of the National Football League . The league grew to 22 teams , a figure that would not be equaled in professional football until 1961 , adding the Brooklyn Lions , the Hartford Blues , the Los Angeles Buccaneers , and the Louisville Colonels , with Racine Tornadoes re-entering . Cleveland Bulldogs sat out the season , the Rock Island Independents defected to the upstart American Football League , and the Rochester Jeffersons suspended operations for the final time ( eventually folding in early 1928 ) . The Akron Pros re-branded as the Akron Indians , the Duluth Kelleys as the Duluth Eskimos and the Buffalo Bison as the Buffalo Rangers ( the team also used the names Texas Rangers and Buffalo Cowboys ) . [ citation needed ] . The Buccaneers , Eskimos , Colonels and Buffalo Rangers were showcase teams , the first efforts for the league to reach beyond the northeast and midwest . The Buccaneers , a response to the AFL 's Los Angeles Wildcats , represented the state of California ; the Eskimos the far northern plains , while the Colonels represented the Southern United States and the Rangers represented the state of Texas and other areas of the Southwestern United States . [ clarification needed ] The four teams ( except the Rangers ) all played primarily as traveling teams . Three of the four teams only lasted one season ; the Buccaneers and Colonels both folded while the Rangers reverted to their previous status as the Bison , and only the Eskimos returned for 1927 . In mid-November , Brooklyn merged with the AFL 's Brooklyn Horsemen and stayed in the NFL , playing one more game as the Lions before changing its name to the Brooklyn Horsemen for the last three games ( all shutout losses ) . The Frankford Yellow Jackets were named the NFL champions after finishing the season with the best record .
The Frankford Yellow Jackets were a professional American football team , part of the National Football League from 1924 to 1931 , though its origin dates back to as early as 1899 with the Frankford Athletic Association . The Yellow Jackets won the NFL championship in 1926 . The team played its home games from 1923 in Frankford Stadium ( also called Yellow Jacket Field ) in Frankford , a section in the northeastern part of Philadelphia , noted for the subway-elevated transit line that terminates there .
Harry Edward Buddy Jeannette ( September 15 , 1917 - March 11 , 1998 ) was an American professional basketball player and coach . Jeannette was widely regarded as the premier backcourt player between 1938 and 1948 . He was named to the First Team of the National Basketball League ( NBL ) four times , and won titles with the NBL 's Sheboygan Red Skins in 1943 and Fort Wayne Pistons in 1944 and 1945 . Jeannette also won a title with the American Basketball League 's Baltimore Bullets in 1947 . Most of his playing career came prior to the formation of the modern National Basketball Association ( NBA ) or its predecessor leagues ; however Jeannette did serve three years as a player-coach for the original Baltimore Bullets of the Basketball Association of America ( BAA ) . In the 1948 BAA playoffs , he became the first player-coach to win a professional championship . After his playing career ended in 1950 , he coached the original Bullets for one more season . He then became the head coach at Georgetown University for four seasons , leading the team to an appearance in the 1953 National Invitation Tournament . Jeannette returned to the ranks of professional coaching in the NBA to lead the modern Baltimore Bullets twice , once for a full season and once as an interim coach . He later would coach the American Basketball Association 's Pittsburgh Pipers for part of a season . In 1994 , Jeannette was enshrined in the Basketball Hall of Fame . Jeannette attended Washington and Jefferson College , in Washington , Pennsylvania .
The National Basketball League ( NBL ) was a professional men 's basketball league in the United States established in 1937 . After the 1948-49 season , its twelfth , it merged with the Basketball Association of America ( BAA ) to create the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) .
The Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame is an American history museum and hall of fame , located at 1000 Hall of Fame Avenue in Springfield , Massachusetts . It serves as basketball 's most complete library , in addition to promoting and preserving the history of basketball . Dedicated to Canadian-American physician and inventor of the sport James Naismith , it was opened and inducted its first class in 1959 . As of the induction of the Class of 2018 , the Hall has formally inducted 389 individuals .
The Pittsburgh Condors were a professional basketball team in the original American Basketball Association . Originally called the Pittsburgh Pipers , they were a charter franchise of the ABA and captured the first league title . The team played their home games in Pittsburgh 's Civic Arena .
The original American Basketball Association ( ABA ) was a men 's professional basketball league , from 1967 to 1976 . The ABA ceased to exist with the American Basketball Association-National Basketball Association merger in 1976 , leading to several teams joining the National Basketball Association and to the introduction of the 3-point shot in the NBA in 1979 .
Herbert M. Kopf ( June 25 , 1901 - March 22 , 1996 ) was an American football player and coach . He served as the head football coach at Manhattan College from 1938 to 1942 and as the head coach for the Boston Yanks of the National Football League ( NFL ) from 1944 to 1946 .
Manhattan College is a private , Roman Catholic , liberal arts college in the Bronx in New York City . After originally being established in 1853 by the Brothers of the Christian Schools ( De La Salle Christian Brothers ) as an academy for day students , Manhattan College was officially incorporated as an institution of higher education through a charter granted by the New York State Board of Regents . In 1922 , the College moved from Manhattan to the Riverdale section of the Bronx , roughly 6.4 miles ( 10.3 km ) north of its original location on 131st Street in the Manhattanville section of Manhattan . Manhattan College offers undergraduate programs in the arts , business , education , health , engineering , and science . Graduate programs are offered for education , business , and engineering .
The Boston Yanks were a National Football League team based in Boston , Massachusetts , that played from 1944 to 1948 . The team played its home games at Fenway Park . Any games that conflicted with the Boston Red Sox baseball schedule in the American League were held at Braves Field of the cross-town National League team , the Boston Braves . Team owner Ted Collins , who managed singer and TV show host Kate Smith ( 1907-1986 ) , for thirty years , picked the name Yanks because he originally wanted to run a team that played at New York City 's old Yankee Stadium . The Yanks could manage only a losing 2-8 record during their first regular season . Because of a shortage of players caused by World War II , the Yanks were temporarily merged with the Brooklyn Tigers for the 1945 season , and styled as just the Yanks with no home city named . The merged team played four home games in Boston and one in New York and finished with a losing 3-6-1 record . When Brooklyn Tigers owner Dan Topping announced his intentions to join the newly established rival professional football league , the All-America Football Conference ( AAFC ) in 1946 , his NFL franchise was revoked and all of its players were assigned to the Yanks . After three continuous losing seasons , Collins finally was allowed to move to New York City . But instead of an official relocation , he asked the league to officially fold his Boston franchise and give him a new franchise , for a Federal tax write off . The League granted his request , and Collins named his new team the New York Bulldogs . The Boston Yanks are the only officially defunct NFL team ever to have the first overall NFL draft pick .
The 1922 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game played on January 2 , 1922 , between the Washington & Jefferson Presidents ( W & J ) and the California Golden Bears . It holds several distinctions including being the only scoreless Rose Bowl Game , the first tie in a Rose Bowl , the first African-American quarterback to play in the Rose Bowl ( Charles Fremont West from Washington & Jefferson ) , the first freshman to play in a Rose Bowl ( Herb Kopf of Washington and Jefferson ) , and Hal Erickson ( W & J ) became the only man ever to play in two Rose Bowls ( 1919 and 1922 ) , with two teams ( Great Lakes Navy and W & J ) , without losing . It was also the last to be played at Tournament Park and to be officially known as the Tournament East-West Football Game , and with only 450 students at the time , Washington & Jefferson College was the smallest school to ever play in a Rose Bowl .
Raymond Robert Gaumey Neal ( November 1 , 1897 - November 25 , 1977 ) was an American football coach and player . He served as the head coach for the DePauw Tigers at DePauw University for 16 seasons . Prior to that , he played four seasons in the National Football League ( NFL ) with the Akron Pros and the Hammond Pros .
DePauw University in Greencastle , Indiana , is a private liberal arts college with an enrollment of 1,972 students . The school has a Methodist heritage and was originally known as Indiana Asbury University . DePauw is a member of both the Great Lakes Colleges Association and the North Coast Athletic Conference . The Society of Professional Journalists was founded at DePauw .
Andrew Paul ( Pepper ) Oyler ( May 5 , 1880 - October 24 , 1970 ) was a Major League Baseball third baseman . He was born in Newville , Pennsylvania and attended Washington & Jefferson College . He played professionally for the Baltimore Orioles in the 1902 season . In 27 professional games that year , he had 77 at-bats with 17 hits and one home run . He batted and threw right-handed . He was small in stature and was an excellent fielder , but not a good hitter . Even so , he was difficult to pitch to , since he would crouch pretzel-like in the batter 's box to make his strike zone smaller . He died in East Pennsboro Township , Pennsylvania .
In baseball , a home run ( abbreviated HR ) is scored when the ball is hit in such a way that the batter is able to circle the bases and reach home safely in one play without any errors being committed by the defensive team in the process . In modern baseball , the feat is typically achieved by hitting the ball over the outfield fence between the foul poles ( or making contact with either foul pole ) without first touching the ground , resulting in an automatic home run . There is also the inside-the-park home run where the batter reaches home safely while the baseball is in play on the field . A home run with a high exit velocity and good launch angle is sometimes called a no-doubter , because it leaves no doubt that it is going to leave the park when it leaves the bat . When a home run is scored , the batter is also credited with a hit and a run scored , and an RBI for each runner that scores , including himself . Likewise , the pitcher is recorded as having given up a hit and a run , with additional runs charged for each runner that scores other than the batter . Home runs are among the most popular aspects of baseball and , as a result , prolific home run hitters are usually the most popular among fans and consequently the highest paid by teams - hence the old saying , Home run hitters drive Cadillacs , and singles hitters drive Fords ( coined , circa 1948 , by veteran pitcher Fritz Ostermueller , by way of mentoring his young teammate , Ralph Kiner ) .
Joseph Anthony Philbin ( born July 2 , 1961 ) is an American football coach who currently serves as the assistant head coach and offensive line coach of the Dallas Cowboys . He was the head coach of the Miami Dolphins , a position he held from 2012 to 2015 . Philbin was also the offensive coordinator of the Packers from 2007 to 2011 , helping them win Super Bowl XLV over the Pittsburgh Steelers . Most recently , Philbin served as interim head coach of the Green Bay Packers for the final four games of the 2018 NFL season after serving as the offensive coordinator for the first part of the season .
The Miami Dolphins are a professional American football franchise based in Miami Gardens , Florida . They are members of the East Division of the American Football Conference ( AFC ) in the National Football League ( NFL ) . The Dolphins began play in 1966 as an expansion team in the American Football League ( AFL ) , and joined the NFL as part of the AFL-NFL merger . The team has played their home games at Hard Rock Stadium , originally known as Joe Robbie Stadium , Pro Player Stadium , Dolphins Stadium , Dolphin Stadium , Landshark Stadium , and Sun Life Stadium , since 1987 . The Dolphins are currently owned by Stephen M. Ross . There have been twelve head coaches for the Dolphins franchise . The team 's first head coach was George Wilson , who coached for four complete seasons . Don Shula , who coached the Dolphins for 26 consecutive seasons , is the franchise 's all-time leader for the most regular-season games coached ( 392 ) , the most regular-season game wins ( 257 ) , the most playoff games coached ( 31 ) , and the most playoff-game wins ( 17 ) . Shula is also the only Dolphins head coach to win a Super Bowl with the team , winning two . He was named the United Press International ( UPI ) NFL Coach of the Year twice during his tenure with the Dolphins . Shula is also the only Dolphins coach to have been elected into the Pro Football Hall of Fame as a coach . Adam Gase is the franchise 's most recent head coach , being fired after the final game of the 2018 season due to a more than embarrassing loss to the Bills .
The Miami Dolphins are a professional American football team based in the Miami metropolitan area . The Dolphins compete in the National Football League ( NFL ) as a member club of the league 's American Football Conference ( AFC ) East division . The Dolphins play their home games at Hard Rock Stadium , located in the northern suburb of Miami Gardens , Florida . The Dolphins are the oldest professional sports team in Florida . Of the four AFC East teams , they are the only team in the division that was not a charter member of the American Football League ( AFL ) . The Dolphins were founded by attorney-politician Joe Robbie and actor-comedian Danny Thomas . They began play in the AFL in 1966 . The region had not had a professional football team since the days of the Miami Seahawks , who played in the All-America Football Conference in 1946 , before becoming the first incarnation of the Baltimore Colts . For the first few years , the Dolphins ' full-time training camp and practice facilities were at Saint Andrew 's School , a private boys boarding prep school in Boca Raton . In the 1970 AFL-NFL merger , the Dolphins joined the NFL . The team made its first Super Bowl appearance in Super Bowl VI , losing to the Dallas Cowboys , 24-3 . The following year , the Dolphins completed the NFL 's only perfect season , culminating in a Super Bowl win , winning all 14 of their regular season games , and all three of their playoff games , including Super Bowl VII .
The Green Bay Packers are a professional American football team based in Green Bay , Wisconsin . They compete in the National Football League ( NFL ) as a member club of the National Football Conference ( NFC ) North division . It is the third-oldest franchise in the NFL , dating back to 1919 , and is the only non-profit , community-owned major league professional sports team based in the United States . [ a ] Home games have been played at Lambeau Field since 1957 . The Packers are the last of the small town teams which were common in the NFL during the league 's early days of the 1920s and 1930s . Founded in 1919 by Earl Curly Lambeau and George Whitney Calhoun , the franchise traces its lineage to other semi-professional teams in Green Bay dating back to 1896 . Between 1919 and 1920 , the Packers competed against other semi-pro clubs from around Wisconsin and the Midwest , before joining the American Professional Football Association ( APFA ) , the forerunner of today 's NFL , in 1921 . Although Green Bay is by far the smallest major league professional sports market in North America , Forbes ranked the Packers as the world 's 27th most valuable sports franchise in 2019 , with a value of $ 2.63 billion . The Packers have won 13 league championships , the most in NFL history , with nine pre-Super Bowl NFL titles and four Super Bowl victories . The Packers won the first two Super Bowls in 1967 and 1968 and were the only NFL team to defeat the American Football League ( AFL ) prior to the AFL-NFL merger . The Vince Lombardi Trophy is named after the Packers ' coach Vince Lombardi , who guided them to their first two Super Bowls . Their two subsequent Super Bowl wins came in 1996 and 2010 .
Charles Frederick Fred Shirey ( January 12 , 1916 - November 1 , 1961 ) was a professional American football player for the Cleveland Rams and the Green Bay Packers . He was drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles 32nd overall in the 1938 NFL Draft . He attended Washington & Jefferson College and University of Nebraska . He was a native of Latrobe , Pennsylvania .
The professional American football team now known as the Los Angeles Rams was established in Cleveland as the Cleveland Rams , and played there from 1936 to 1945 . The Rams competed in the second American Football League ( AFL ) for the 1936 season and the National Football League ( NFL ) from 1937-1945 , winning the NFL championship in 1945 , before moving to Los Angeles in 1946 to become the only NFL champion ever to play the following season in another city . The move of the team to Los Angeles helped to jump-start the reintegration of pro football by African-American players and opened up the West Coast to professional sports . After being based in Los Angeles for 49 years , the Rams franchise moved again after the 1994 NFL season to St. Louis . In 2016 , the team moved back to Los Angeles after 21 seasons in St. Louis .
The Philadelphia Eagles are a professional American football team based in Philadelphia . The Eagles compete in the National Football League ( NFL ) as a member club of the league 's National Football Conference ( NFC ) East division . In the 2017 season the team won Super Bowl LII , their first Super Bowl win in franchise history and their fourth NFL title overall , after winning the Championship Game in 1948 , 1949 , and 1960 . The franchise was established in 1933 as a replacement for the bankrupt Frankford Yellow Jackets , when a group led by Bert Bell secured the rights to an NFL franchise in Philadelphia . Bell , Chuck Bednarik , Bob Brown , Brian Dawkins , Reggie White , Steve Van Buren , Tommy McDonald , Greasy Neale , Pete Pihos , Harold Carmichael , Sonny Jurgensen , and Norm Van Brocklin have been inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame . The team has had an intense rivalry with the New York Giants . This rivalry is the oldest in the NFC East and is among the oldest in the NFL . It was ranked by NFL Network as the number one rivalry of all-time , Sports Illustrated ranks it as the fourth-best rivalry in the NFL , and according to ESPN , it is one of the fiercest and most well-known rivalries in the American football community . They also have a bitter rivalry with the Dallas Cowboys , which has become more high-profile since the 1960s , as well as a historic rivalry with the Washington Redskins . Their rivalry with the Pittsburgh Steelers is another bitter rivalry known as the battle of Pennsylvania , roughly dating back to 1933 . It mostly arises from the two teams ' statuses as being from opposite ends of the same state . The team consistently ranks among the best in the league in attendance and has sold out every game since the 1999 season .
The 1938 National Football League Draft was held on December 12 , 1937 , at the Hotel Sherman in Chicago , Illinois . The draft consisted of 12 rounds and 110 player selections . It began with the Cleveland Rams , taking Corbett Davis .
John E. Spiegel was an American football player , coach of football and basketball , and college athletics administrator . A native of Detroit , Michigan , Spiegel played at the halfback position for Washington & Jefferson College from 1913 to 1914 . He was selected as a second-team All-American in 1913 and was the leading scorer in college football . In 1914 , he was a consensus first-team All-American . From 1915 to 1916 , Spiegel was the football coach , basketball coach , and athletic director at the University of Chattanooga . After World War I , Spiegel coached at Muhlenberg College from 1921 to 1922 .
The 1914 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1914 college football season . The only selectors for the 1914 season who have been recognized as official by the National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA ) are Walter Camp , whose selections were published in Collier 's Weekly , and the International News Service ( INS ) , a newswire founded by William Randolph Hearst . Although not recognized by the NCAA , many other sports writers , newspapers , and coaches selected All-America teams in 1914 . They include Vanity Fair , Parke H. Davis , Walter Eckersall , The New York Globe , the New York Herald , the New York Evening Mail , the Atlanta Constitution , the Detroit Evening News , The Boston Post , and The Philadelphia Inquirer .