List of New York State Historic Markers in Bronx County, New York
Listings county-wide
Table:
Marker name[1]

Image

Date designated

Location

City or Town

Marker text

1

Bronx River

Bronx River, At Boston Rd. Bridge, in Bronx Park 40°51′10.5″N 73°52′26.5″W﻿ / ﻿40.852917°N 73.874028°W﻿ / 40.852917; -73.874028

Bronx, New York

During the Revolution, the British Fleet was ordered to "Proceed up the Bronx and attack the Yankees in hiding above."

2

City Island

City Island Park

Bronx, New York

Pearl Of The Sound, was so called, because it was planned to outstrip New York City. Oyster culture first started here.

3

Drake Park

Joseph Rodman Dake Park, Hunt's Point Ave.

Bronx, New York

Contains grave of Joseph Rodman Drake, poet, author of "The Culprit Fay", "Ode To The American Flag", and "Bronx."

4

Featherbed Lane

Park Triangle At Featherbed Lane

Bronx, New York

So called from story that farmers' wives, in 1776, aided Americans to escape British by spreading featherbeds on the lane.

5

Fording Place

West Side Of Lake In Bronx River, Opposite Zoological Sec., 1/3 Mi. North

Bronx, New York

Early crossing of Bronx River, nearby was Bear Swamp, haunt of bears. Site of Sewanoe Indian Village up to 1689.

6

Fort Independence

Claflin Ter. On Walk East Of Reservoir Opposite Fort Independence Ave.

Bronx, New York

One of a chain of forts built in 1776 by Americans to command the valley below. General Richard Montgomery had a farm nearby, in 1772.

7

Fort Number Four

Claflin Ter. East Of Sedgwick Ave., West Of Jerome Park Reservoir

Bronx, New York

One of the chain of forts built by the Americans in 1776, to command the valley of the Harlem River; later occupied by the British

8

Glover's Rock

On Road To City Island Near Tablet Off Road

Bronx, New York

In Battle of Pell's Point, Col. Glover and 550 men, held British long enough for Washington's army to escape to White Plains.

9

Hunter's Island

Hunter's Island at entrance from highway

Bronx, New York

Contains the Hunter-Iselin Mansion; Ogden Mansion on Twin Island; Indian Name Laapawachking, - "Place Of Stringing Beads".

10

Jonas Bronck

Pulaski Park

Bronx, New York

First settler in the Bronx, 1639, built house east of this park, where was signed treaty between Dutch and Weckquaeskeek Indians, 1642.

11

Lydig's Mill

Bronx River, About Opposite Entrance To New York Zoological Gardens

Bronx, New York

Built in 18th century, stood here. North was Johnson's Tavern, where stage coaches, New York To Boston, stopped to change horses.

12

Macombs Dam

Macombs Dam Park

Bronx, New York

Bridge is on site of Old Dam which made pond of Harlem River. Dam became nuisance and was torn down by citizens in 1840.

13

Old Indian Path

Location: Bet. Pelham Bay Park on Split Rock Road, And Bet. Pelham Manor And Pelham Road.

Bronx, New York

Later known as the Split Rock Road many of erected by the Park Dept, City Of New York, October 18, 1938.

14

Parade Ground

On Broadway, West Side Of Parade Ground Van Cortlandt Park

Bronx, New York

Here was the bouwerie or farm of Adrian Van Der Donck, secured by purchase from Indians and grant by Governor Kieft, 1650.

15

Pell Estate

Pelham Bay Park

Bronx, New York

Thomas Pell of Fairfield, Conn., under tree known as Treaty Oak, bought Pelham Manor from the sachems Annhoock and Maminepoe

16

Poe Cottage

Grand Concourse

Bronx, New York

Edgar Allan Poe lived here 1846-49 and wrote many of his poems, "Annabel Lee", Ulalume, and others. His wife, Virginia, died here.

17

Screven's Point

Small Park At End Of Castle Hill Ave.

Bronx, New York

Sewanoe Indians had castle here, seen by Adrian Block on his voyage, 1614. Loyalist clergymen, including Samuel Seabury, hid in farmhouse.

18

Site Of West Chester Town

Tarrytown

Bronx, New York

Prescott Bryant repulsed British at causeway over West Chester Creek Westchester Lexington

19

Split Rock

At Split Rock, Pelham Bay Park

Bronx, New York

Near here was home of Anne Hutchinson, who settled in 1642. She and her family were killed in the Indian Uprising, 1662

20

St. Ann's Shrine

St Ann's Avenue, South Bronx

Bronx, New York

Here rests Lewis Morris, "Signer" Declaration of Independence; Gouverneur Morris, "Penman" Constitution Of U.S.A.; Judge R.H. Morris, Mayor Of New York

Leveraging the table and the context snippets listed.

Give the answer to the question: what is the location of the marker that approximately 24 miles ( 39 km ) long , flows through southeast New York in the United States and drains an area of 38.4 square miles ( 99 km2 ) ? Output only the correct answer as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}.

The Bronx River ( /brɒŋks/ ) , approximately 24 miles ( 39 km ) long , flows through southeast New York in the United States and drains an area of 38.4 square miles ( 99 km2 ) . It is named after colonial settler Jonas Bronck . The Bronx River is the only fresh water river in New York City . It originally rose in what is now the Kensico Reservoir , in Westchester County north of New York City . With the construction of the Kensico Dam in 1885 , however , the river was cut off from its natural headwaters and today a small tributary stream serves as its source . The Bronx River flows south past White Plains , then south-southwest through the northern suburbs in New York , passing through Edgemont , Tuckahoe , Eastchester , and Bronxville . It forms the border between the large cities of Yonkers and Mount Vernon , and flows into the northern end of The Bronx , where it divides East Bronx from West Bronx , southward through Bronx Park , New York Botanical Garden , and the Bronx Zoo and continues through neighborhoods of the South Bronx . It empties into the East River , a tidal strait connected to Long Island Sound , between the Soundview and Hunts Point neighborhoods . In the 17th century , the river - called by the natives Aquehung - served as a boundary between loosely associated bands under sachems of the informal confederacy of the Wecquaesgeek , Europeanized as the Wappinger ; the east bank of the river was the boundary for the Siwanoy , clammers and fishermen . The same line would be retained when manors were granted to the Dutch and the English . The Algonkian significance of the name is variously reported ; the acca- element , as represented in the Long Island place-name Accabonac , was deformed into the more familiar , suitably watery European morpheme aque- . The tract purchased by Jonas Bronck in 1639 lay between the Harlem River and the river that came to be called Bronck 's river .
Bronx Park is a public park along the Bronx River , in the Bronx , New York City . The park is bounded by Southern Boulevard to the west , Webster Avenue to the northwest , Burke Avenue to the north , Bronx Park East to the east , and 180th Street to the south . With an area of 718 acres ( 2.91 km2 ) , Bronx Park is the eighth-largest park in New York City . Founded in the late 1880s , Bronx Park is the location of the New York Botanical Garden and the Bronx Zoo , which respectively occupy much of the northern and southern portions of the park . Fordham Road runs east-west between the zoo and botanical garden , bisecting Bronx Park , while the Bronx River Parkway runs north-south near the eastern edge . The park is operated by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation .
The Bronx ( /brɒŋks/ ) is a borough of New York City , coterminous with Bronx County , in the U.S. state of New York , the third-most densely populated county in the United States . It is south of Westchester County ; northeast and east of Manhattan , across the Harlem River ; and north of Queens , across the East River . The Bronx has a land area of 42 square miles ( 109 km2 ) and a population of 1,432,132 in 2018 . Of the five boroughs , it has the fourth-largest area , fourth-highest population , and third-highest population density . It is the only borough predominantly on the U.S. mainland . If each borough were ranked as a city , the Bronx would rank as the eighth-most populous in the U.S . The Bronx is divided by the Bronx River into a hillier section in the west , and a flatter eastern section . East and west street names are divided by Jerome Avenue . The West Bronx was annexed to New York City in 1874 , and the areas east of the Bronx River in 1895 . Bronx County was separated from New York County in 1914 . About a quarter of the Bronx 's area is open space , including Woodlawn Cemetery , Van Cortlandt Park , Pelham Bay Park , the New York Botanical Garden , and the Bronx Zoo in the borough 's north and center . These open spaces are situated primarily on land deliberately reserved in the late 19th century as urban development progressed north and east from Manhattan .
The Royal Navy ( RN ) is the United Kingdom 's naval warfare force . Although warships were used by the English kings from the early medieval period , the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years ' War against the Kingdom of France . The modern Royal Navy traces its origins to the early 16th century ; the oldest of the UK 's armed services , it is known as the Senior Service . From the middle decades of the 17th century , and through the 18th century , the Royal Navy vied with the Dutch Navy and later with the French Navy for maritime supremacy . From the mid 18th century , it was the world 's most powerful navy until the Second World War . The Royal Navy played a key part in establishing the British Empire as the unmatched world power during the 19th and first part of the 20th centuries . Due to this historical prominence , it is common , even among non-Britons , to refer to it as the Royal Navy without qualification . Following World War I , the Royal Navy was significantly reduced in size , although at the onset of World War II it was still the world 's largest . During the Cold War , the Royal Navy transformed into a primarily anti-submarine force , hunting for Soviet submarines and mostly active in the GIUK gap . Following the collapse of the Soviet Union , its focus has returned to expeditionary operations around the world and it remains one of the world 's foremost blue-water navies . However , 21st-century reductions in naval spending have led to a personnel shortage and a reduction in the number of warships . The Royal Navy maintains a fleet of technologically sophisticated ships and submarines including two aircraft carriers , two amphibious transport docks , four ballistic missile submarines ( which maintain the UK 's nuclear deterrent ) , six nuclear fleet submarines , six guided missile destroyers , 13 frigates , 13 mine-countermeasure vessels and 22 patrol vessels .
City Island is a neighborhood in the Bronx , New York City , located on an island of the same name approximately 1.5 miles ( 2.4 km ) long by 0.5 miles ( 0.80 km ) wide . City Island is located at the extreme western end of Long Island Sound , south of Pelham Bay and east of Eastchester Bay . As of the 2010 census the island had a population of 4,362 . Its land area is 0.395 square miles ( 1.02 km2 ) The island is part of Bronx Community District 10 , and its ZIP Code is 10464 . At one time the island was incorporated within the boundaries of Pelham , Westchester County , New York , but the island is now part of New York City . City Island is part of the Pelham Islands , a group of islands that once belonged to Thomas Pell . The body of water between City Island and the even smaller , uninhabited Hart Island to the east is known as City Island Harbor . The small island adjacent to the northeast is High Island . The Stepping Stones Light , marking the main shipping channel into New York , is off the southern tip of City Island , near the Long Island shore .
New York City ( NYC ) , also known as the City of New York or simply New York ( NY ) , is the most populous city in the United States . With an estimated 2018 population of 8,398,748 distributed over a land area of about 302.6 square miles ( 784 km2 ) , New York is also the most densely populated major city in the United States . Located at the southern tip of the U.S. state of New York , the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area , the largest metropolitan area in the world by urban landmass and one of the world 's most populous megacities , with an estimated 19,979,477 people in its 2018 metropolitan statistical area and 22,679,948 residents in its combined statistical area . A global power city , New York City has been described as the cultural , financial , and media capital of the world , and exerts a significant impact upon commerce , entertainment , research , technology , education , politics , tourism , art , fashion , and sports . The city 's fast pace has inspired the term New York minute . Home to the headquarters of the United Nations , New York is an important center for international diplomacy . Situated on one of the world 's largest natural harbors , New York City consists of five boroughs , each of which is a separate county of the State of New York . The five boroughs - Brooklyn , Queens , Manhattan , The Bronx , and Staten Island - were consolidated into a single city in 1898 . The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States . As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York , making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world . New York City is home to 3.2 million residents born outside the United States , the largest foreign born population of any city in the world as of 2016 . As of 2019 [ update ] , the New York metropolitan area is estimated to produce a gross metropolitan product ( GMP ) of US $ 2.0 trillion .
Joseph Rodman Drake ( August 7 , 1795 - September 21 , 1820 ) was an early American poet .
The Bronx ( /brɒŋks/ ) is a borough of New York City , coterminous with Bronx County , in the U.S. state of New York , the third-most densely populated county in the United States . It is south of Westchester County ; northeast and east of Manhattan , across the Harlem River ; and north of Queens , across the East River . The Bronx has a land area of 42 square miles ( 109 km2 ) and a population of 1,432,132 in 2018 . Of the five boroughs , it has the fourth-largest area , fourth-highest population , and third-highest population density . It is the only borough predominantly on the U.S. mainland . If each borough were ranked as a city , the Bronx would rank as the eighth-most populous in the U.S . The Bronx is divided by the Bronx River into a hillier section in the west , and a flatter eastern section . East and west street names are divided by Jerome Avenue . The West Bronx was annexed to New York City in 1874 , and the areas east of the Bronx River in 1895 . Bronx County was separated from New York County in 1914 . About a quarter of the Bronx 's area is open space , including Woodlawn Cemetery , Van Cortlandt Park , Pelham Bay Park , the New York Botanical Garden , and the Bronx Zoo in the borough 's north and center . These open spaces are situated primarily on land deliberately reserved in the late 19th century as urban development progressed north and east from Manhattan .
Bear Swamp is a forested parkland in Ashfield , Massachusetts . The Trustees of Reservations owns and maintains the property . Although Bear Swamp was once a sheep pasture and later a source of cordwood and lumber , it now seems much like an untouched wilderness . The landscape is irregular , well-drained , and covered with nutrient-rich soils . Protected from the elements , hardwood trees such as ash , hickory , basswood , maple , and cherry grow straight and tall . Three miles ( 5 km ) of trails lead to different parts of the reservation . The Beaver Brook Trail traces the southern rim of a shallow pond and wet meadow where an old beaver dam rests atop an old stone milldam . Although many trees have died in the flooded zone , the water is receding and the forest is returning . The Fern Glade Trail features a variety of ferns and woodland wildflowers . A scenic vista on the Lookout Trail and the hillside meadow at the Apple Valley Overlook both offer views of nearby apple orchards and the Green Mountains of Vermont beyond . Seasonal hunting is permitted at this property subject to all state and town laws .
Richard Montgomery ( December 2 , 1738 - December 31 , 1775 ) was an Irish soldier who first served in the British Army . He later became a major general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War , and he is most famous for leading the unsuccessful 1775 invasion of Canada . Montgomery was born and raised in Ireland . In 1754 , he enrolled at Trinity College , Dublin , and two years later joined the British Army to fight in the French and Indian War . He steadily rose through the ranks , serving in North America and then the Caribbean . After the war he was stationed at Fort Detroit during Pontiac 's War , following which he returned to Britain for health reasons . In 1773 , Montgomery returned to the Thirteen Colonies , married Janet Livingston , and began farming . When the American Revolutionary War broke out , Montgomery took up the Patriot cause , and was elected to the New York Provincial Congress in May 1775 . In June 1775 , he was commissioned as a brigadier general in the Continental Army . After Philip Schuyler became too ill to lead the invasion of Canada , Montgomery took over . He captured Fort St. Johns and then Montreal in November 1775 , and then advanced to Quebec City , where he joined another force under the command of Benedict Arnold . On December 31 , he led an attack on the city , but was killed during the battle .
The Harlem River is an 8-mile ( 13 km ) tidal strait in New York , United States , flowing between the Hudson River and the East River and separating the island of Manhattan from the Bronx on the New York mainland . The northern stretch , also called the Spuyten Duyvil ( spewing devil ) Creek , has been significantly altered for navigation purposes . Originally it curved around the north of Marble Hill , but in 1895 the Harlem River Ship Canal was dug between Manhattan and Marble Hill , and in 1914 the original course was filled in .
Pelham Bay Park is a municipal park located in the northeast corner of the New York City borough of the Bronx . It is , at 2,772 acres ( 1,122 ha ) , [ a ] the largest public park in New York City . The park is more than three times the size of Manhattan 's Central Park . The park is operated by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation ( NYC Parks ) . Pelham Bay Park contains many geographical features , both natural and man-made . The park includes several peninsulas , including Rodman 's Neck , Tallapoosa Point , and the former Hunter and Twin Islands . A lagoon runs through the center of Pelham Bay Park , and Eastchester Bay splits the southwestern corner from the rest of the park . There are also several recreational areas within the park . Orchard Beach runs along Pelham Bay on the park 's eastern shore . Two golf courses and various nature trails are located within the park 's central section . Other landmarks include the Bartow-Pell Mansion , a city landmark , as well as the Bronx Victory Column & Memorial Grove . Before its creation , the land comprising the current Pelham Bay Park was part of Anne Hutchinson 's short-lived dissident colony .
The Battle of Pell 's Point ( October 18 , 1776 ) , also known as the Battle of Pelham , was a skirmish fought between British and American troops during the New York and New Jersey campaign of the American Revolutionary War . The conflict took place in what is now part of Pelham Bay Park ( namely the Split Rock Golf Course and Pelham Bay Golf Course ) in the Bronx , New York City and the towns of Pelham Manor and Pelham in Westchester County , New York . On October 12 , British forces landed at Throgs Neck in order to execute a flanking maneuver that would trap Gen. George Washington , commander-in-chief of the American revolutionary forces , and the main body of the Continental Army on the island of Manhattan . The Americans thwarted the landing , and Gen. Sir William Howe , commander-in-chief of British forces in North America , looked for another location along Long Island Sound to disembark his troops . On October 18 , he landed 4,000 men at Pelham , 3 miles ( 4.8 km ) north of Throgs Neck . Inland were 750 men of a brigade under the command of the American Col. John Glover . Glover positioned his troops behind a series of stone walls and attacked the British advance units . As the British overran each position , the American troops fell back and reorganized behind the next wall . After several such attacks , the British broke off , and the Americans retreated . The battle delayed British movements long enough for Washington to move the main army to White Plains and avoid being surrounded on Manhattan . After losing to the British in a battle at White Plains , and losing Fort Washington , Washington retreated across New Jersey to Pennsylvania .
Hunter Island ( also Hunters Island or Hunter 's Island ) is a 166-acre ( 67 ha ) peninsula and former island in the Bronx , New York City , United States . It is situated on the western end of Long Island Sound , along the sound 's northwestern shore , and is part of Pelham Bay Park in the northeastern part of the Bronx . Hunter Island initially covered 215 acres ( 87 ha ) . It was part of the Pelham Islands , the historical name for a group of islands in western Long Island Sound that once belonged to Thomas Pell . The island is connected to another former island , Twin Island , on the northeast . The area around Hunter Island was originally settled by the Siwanoy Native Americans . One of Pell 's descendants , Joshua Pell , moved onto the island in 1743 . It was subsequently owned by the Hunter and Henderson families , and the island was briefly named Henderson 's Island after the latter . Henderson 's Island was purchased by politician John Hunter in 1804 . Hunter built a mansion on the island and his family resided on the island until 1865 , when it was sold to former mayor Ambrose Kingsland . Hunter Island was owned by several other people before being incorporated into Pelham Bay Park in 1888 . Subsequently , the island became a vacation destination .
Pelham Bay Park is a municipal park located in the northeast corner of the New York City borough of the Bronx . It is , at 2,772 acres ( 1,122 ha ) , [ a ] the largest public park in New York City . The park is more than three times the size of Manhattan 's Central Park . The park is operated by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation ( NYC Parks ) . Pelham Bay Park contains many geographical features , both natural and man-made . The park includes several peninsulas , including Rodman 's Neck , Tallapoosa Point , and the former Hunter and Twin Islands . A lagoon runs through the center of Pelham Bay Park , and Eastchester Bay splits the southwestern corner from the rest of the park . There are also several recreational areas within the park . Orchard Beach runs along Pelham Bay on the park 's eastern shore . Two golf courses and various nature trails are located within the park 's central section . Other landmarks include the Bartow-Pell Mansion , a city landmark , as well as the Bronx Victory Column & Memorial Grove . Before its creation , the land comprising the current Pelham Bay Park was part of Anne Hutchinson 's short-lived dissident colony .
Jonas Bronck ( alternatively , Jonas Jonsson Brunk , Jonas Jonasson Bronk , Jonas Jonassen Bronck ) was born around year 1600 and died in 1643 . Bronck was an immigrant to the Dutch colony of New Netherland after whom the Bronx River , and by extension , the county and New York City borough of the Bronx are named . A mural at the Bronx County Courthouse depicting Bronck 's arrival was created in the early 1930s by James Monroe Hewlett .
The Bronx Zoo is a zoo located within Bronx Park in the Bronx , New York . It is one of the largest zoos in the United States by area , and is the largest metropolitan zoo in the United States by area , comprising 265 acres ( 107 ha ) of park lands and naturalistic habitats separated by the Bronx River . On average , the zoo has 2.15 million visitors each year as of 2009 [ update ] . The Bronx Zoo is world-renowned for its large and diverse animal collection , and its award-winning exhibitions . The zoo is part of an integrated system of four zoos and one aquarium managed by the Wildlife Conservation Society ( WCS ) , and it is accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums ( AZA ) .
Macombs Dam ( /məˈkuːmz/ mə-KOOMZ ) was a dam and bridge across the Harlem River between Manhattan and the Bronx in New York City , which existed from c. 1814 to c. 1858 .
Macombs Dam Park ( /məˈkuːmz/ mə-KOOMZ ) is a park in the Concourse section of the Bronx , New York City . The park lay in the shadow of the old Yankee Stadium when it stood , between Jerome Avenue and the Major Deegan Expressway , near the Harlem River and the Macombs Dam Bridge . The park is administered and maintained by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation . The majority of Macombs Dam Park was not open to the public from August 2006 , when construction began on the new Yankee Stadium , to April 2012 . The 28.425-acre ( 115,030 m2 ) park , prior to the stadium construction , featured baseball and softball diamonds , basketball courts , and football and soccer fields . Portions of the park are often used during New York Yankees home games to provide overspill parking for vehicles in an area underserved by garages and other parking facilities .
Pelham Bay Park is a municipal park located in the northeast corner of the New York City borough of the Bronx . It is , at 2,772 acres ( 1,122 ha ) , [ a ] the largest public park in New York City . The park is more than three times the size of Manhattan 's Central Park . The park is operated by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation ( NYC Parks ) . Pelham Bay Park contains many geographical features , both natural and man-made . The park includes several peninsulas , including Rodman 's Neck , Tallapoosa Point , and the former Hunter and Twin Islands . A lagoon runs through the center of Pelham Bay Park , and Eastchester Bay splits the southwestern corner from the rest of the park . There are also several recreational areas within the park . Orchard Beach runs along Pelham Bay on the park 's eastern shore . Two golf courses and various nature trails are located within the park 's central section . Other landmarks include the Bartow-Pell Mansion , a city landmark , as well as the Bronx Victory Column & Memorial Grove . Before its creation , the land comprising the current Pelham Bay Park was part of Anne Hutchinson 's short-lived dissident colony .
Pelham Manor is a village located in Westchester County , New York , United States . As of the 2010 census , the village had a total population of 5,486 . It is located in the town of Pelham .
A military parade is a formation of soldiers whose movement is restricted by close-order manoeuvering known as drilling or marching . The military parade is now almost entirely ceremonial , though soldiers from time immemorial up until the late 19th century fought in formation . Massed parades may also hold a role for propaganda purposes , being used to exhibit the apparent military strength of one 's nation .
Van Cortlandt Park is a 1,146-acre ( 464 ha ) park located in the borough of the Bronx in New York City . Owned by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation , it is managed with assistance from the Van Cortlandt Park Alliance . The park , the city 's third-largest , [ a ] was named for the Van Cortlandt family , which was prominent in the area during the Dutch and English colonial periods . Van Cortlandt Park 's sports facilities include golf courses and several miles of paths for running , as well as facilities for baseball , basketball , cricket , cross-country running , football , horseback riding , lacrosse , rugby , soccer , softball , swimming , tennis and track and field . The park also contains five major hiking trails and other walking trails . Its natural features include Tibbetts Brook ; Van Cortlandt Lake , the largest freshwater lake in the Bronx ; old-growth forests ; and outcrops of Fordham gneiss and Inwood marble . Contained within the park is the Van Cortlandt House Museum , the oldest surviving building in the Bronx , and the Van Cortlandt Golf Course , the oldest public golf course in the country . The land that Van Cortlandt Park now occupies was purchased by Jacobus Van Cortlandt from John Barrett around 1691 . His son Frederick built the Van Cortlandt House on the property , but died before its completion . Later , the land was used during the Revolutionary War when the Stockbridge militia was destroyed by the Queen 's Rangers . In 1888 , the family property was sold to the City of New York and made into a public parkland . The Van Cortlandt House , which would later be designated as a historic landmark , was converted into a public museum , and new paths were created across the property to make it more passable .
Bouwerie is a historic home located at Clermont in Columbia County , New York . The house was built in 1762 and is a large , two-story patterned-brick residence with a gambrel roof and rear frame wings . Also on the property are three interconnected barns . It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983 .
Adriaen Cornelissen van der Donck ( c.1618 - 1655 ) was a lawyer and landowner in New Netherland after whose honorific Jonkheer the city of Yonkers , New York , is named . In addition to being the first lawyer in the Dutch colony , he was a leader in the political life of New Amsterdam ( modern New York City ) , and an activist for Dutch-style republican government in the Dutch West India Company-run trading post . Enchanted by his new homeland of New Netherland , van der Donck made detailed accounts of the land , vegetation , animals , waterways , topography , and climate . Van der Donck used this knowledge to actively promote immigration to the colony , publishing several tracts , including his influential Description of New Netherland . Charles Gehring , Director of the New Netherland Institute , has called it the fullest account of the province , its geography , the Indians who inhabited it , and its prospects … It has been said that had it not been written in Dutch , it would have gone down as one of the great works of American colonial literature . Newly translated records from the colony suggest that van der Donck was a significant figure in the early development of what would later become the United States , neglected by history because of the eventual English conquest of New Netherland . Today , he is also recognized as a sympathetic early Native American ethnographer , having learned the languages and observed many of the customs of the Mahicans and Mohawks . His descriptions of their practices are cited in many modern works , such as the 2005 book 1491 : New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus .
Thomas Pell , 1st Lord of Pelham Manor ( February 28 , 1612 - September 21 , 1669 ) was an English-born physician who bought the area known as Pelham , New York , as well as land that now includes the eastern Bronx and southern Westchester County , New York , and founded the town of Westchester at the head of navigation on Westchester Creek in 1654 .
The Edgar Allan Poe Cottage ( or Poe Cottage ) is the former home of American writer Edgar Allan Poe . It is located on Kingsbridge Road and the Grand Concourse in the Fordham neighborhood of the Bronx , New York , a short distance from its original location , and is now in the northern part of Poe Park . The cottage is a part of the Historic House Trust , listed on the National Register of Historic Places , has been administered by the Bronx County Historical Society since 1975 , and is believed to have been built in 1797 .
Edgar Allan Poe ( /poʊ/ ; born Edgar Poe ; January 19 , 1809 - October 7 , 1849 ) was an American writer , editor , and literary critic . Poe is best known for his poetry and short stories , particularly his tales of mystery and the macabre . He is widely regarded as a central figure of Romanticism in the United States and of American literature as a whole , and he was one of the country 's earliest practitioners of the short story . He is generally considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre and is further credited with contributing to the emerging genre of science fiction . He was the first well-known American writer to earn a living through writing alone , resulting in a financially difficult life and career . Poe was born in Boston , the second child of actors David and Elizabeth Eliza Arnold Hopkins Poe . His father abandoned the family in 1810 , and his mother died the following year . Thus orphaned , the child was taken in by John and Frances Allan of Richmond , Virginia . They never formally adopted him , but he was with them well into young adulthood . Tension developed later as John Allan and Edgar Poe repeatedly clashed over debts , including those incurred by gambling , and the cost of Poe 's secondary education . He attended the University of Virginia but left after a year due to lack of money . Edgar Poe quarreled with John Allan over the funds for his education and enlisted in the Army in 1827 under an assumed name .
Annabel Lee is the last complete poem composed by American author Edgar Allan Poe . Like many of Poe 's poems , it explores the theme of the death of a beautiful woman . The narrator , who fell in love with Annabel Lee when they were young , has a love for her so strong that even angels are envious . He retains his love for her even after her death . There has been debate over who , if anyone , was the inspiration for Annabel Lee . Though many women have been suggested , Poe 's wife Virginia Eliza Clemm Poe is one of the more credible candidates . Written in 1849 , it was not published until shortly after Poe 's death that same year .
Ulalume ( /ˈuːləluːm/ ) is a poem written by Edgar Allan Poe in 1847 . Much like a few of Poe 's other poems ( such as The Raven , Annabel Lee , and Lenore ) , Ulalume focuses on the narrator 's loss of his beloved due to her death . Poe originally wrote the poem as an elocution piece and , as such , the poem is known for its focus on sound . Additionally , it makes many allusions , especially to mythology , and the identity of Ulalume herself , if a real person , has been a subject of debate .
Adriaen ( Aerjan ) Block ( c. 1567 - buried April 27 , 1627 ) was a Dutch private trader , privateer , and ship 's captain who is best known for exploring the coastal and river valley areas between present-day New Jersey and Massachusetts during four voyages from 1611 to 1614 , following the 1609 expedition by Henry Hudson . He is noted for possibly having named Block Island , Rhode Island , and establishing early trade with the Native Americans , and for the 1614 map of his last voyage on which many features of the mid-Atlantic region appear for the first time , and on which the term New Netherland is first applied to the region . He is credited with being the first European to enter Long Island Sound and the Connecticut River , and to determine that Manhattan and Long Island are islands .
Samuel Seabury ( November 30 , 1729 - February 25 , 1796 ) was the first American Episcopal bishop , the second Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America , and the first Bishop of Connecticut . He was a leading Loyalist in New York City during the American Revolution and a known rival of Alexander Hamilton .
Pelham Bay Park is a municipal park located in the northeast corner of the New York City borough of the Bronx . It is , at 2,772 acres ( 1,122 ha ) , [ a ] the largest public park in New York City . The park is more than three times the size of Manhattan 's Central Park . The park is operated by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation ( NYC Parks ) . Pelham Bay Park contains many geographical features , both natural and man-made . The park includes several peninsulas , including Rodman 's Neck , Tallapoosa Point , and the former Hunter and Twin Islands . A lagoon runs through the center of Pelham Bay Park , and Eastchester Bay splits the southwestern corner from the rest of the park . There are also several recreational areas within the park . Orchard Beach runs along Pelham Bay on the park 's eastern shore . Two golf courses and various nature trails are located within the park 's central section . Other landmarks include the Bartow-Pell Mansion , a city landmark , as well as the Bronx Victory Column & Memorial Grove . Before its creation , the land comprising the current Pelham Bay Park was part of Anne Hutchinson 's short-lived dissident colony .
Anne Hutchinson ( née Marbury ; July 1591 - August 1643 ) was a Puritan spiritual advisor , religious reformer , and an important participant in the Antinomian Controversy which shook the infant Massachusetts Bay Colony from 1636 to 1638 . Her strong religious convictions were at odds with the established Puritan clergy in the Boston area and her popularity and charisma helped create a theological schism that threatened to destroy the Puritans ' religious community in New England . She was eventually tried and convicted , then banished from the colony with many of her supporters . Hutchinson was born in Alford , Lincolnshire , England , the daughter of Francis Marbury , an Anglican cleric and school teacher who gave her a far better education than most other girls received . She lived in London as a young adult , and there married a friend from home , William Hutchinson . The couple moved back to Alford where they began following preacher John Cotton in the nearby port of Boston , Lincolnshire . Cotton was compelled to emigrate in 1633 , and the Hutchinsons followed a year later with their 11 children and soon became well established in the growing settlement of Boston in New England . Hutchinson was a midwife and helpful to those needing her assistance , as well as forthcoming with her personal religious understandings . Soon she was hosting women at her house weekly , providing commentary on recent sermons . These meetings became so popular that she began offering meetings for men as well , including the young governor of the colony , Henry Vane . Hutchinson began to accuse the local ministers ( except for Cotton and her husband 's brother-in-law , John Wheelwright ) of preaching a covenant of works rather than a covenant of grace , and many ministers began to complain about her increasingly blatant accusations , as well as certain unorthodox theological teachings . The situation eventually erupted into what is commonly called the Antinomian Controversy , culminating in her 1637 trial , conviction , and banishment from the colony .
Powhatan attack of 1622 popularly known as the Jamestown massacre took place in the English Colony of Virginia , in what is now the United States , on Friday , 22 March 1622 . John Smith , though he had not been in Virginia since 1609 and was not an eyewitness , related in his History of Virginia that braves of the Powhatan came unarmed into our houses with deer , turkeys , fish , fruits , and other provisions to sell us . The Powhatan grabbed any tools or weapons available and killed all the English settlers they found , including men , women , and children of all ages . Chief Opechancanough led the Powhatan Confederacy in a coordinated series of surprise attacks ; they killed 347 people , a quarter of the population of the Virginia colony . Jamestown , founded in 1607 , was the site of the first successful English settlement in North America , and was then the capital of the Colony of Virginia . Its tobacco economy led to constant expansion and seizure of Powhatan lands , which ultimately provoked a violent reaction .
St. Ann 's Church , also known as St. Ann 's Church of Morrisania , is a historic Episcopal church in the Mott Haven , the South Bronx , New York City .
Lewis Morris ( April 8 , 1726 - January 22 , 1798 ) was an American landowner and developer from Morrisania , New York , presently part of Bronx County . He signed the U.S . Declaration of Independence as a delegate to the Continental Congress from New York .
The United States Declaration of Independence is the pronouncement adopted by the Second Continental Congress meeting at the Pennsylvania State House ( now known as Independence Hall ) in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , on July 4 , 1776 . The Declaration explained why the Thirteen Colonies at war with the Kingdom of Great Britain regarded themselves as thirteen independent sovereign states , no longer under British rule . With the Declaration , these new states took a collective first step toward forming the United States of America . The declaration was signed by representatives from New Hampshire , Massachusetts Bay , Rhode Island , Connecticut , New York , New Jersey , Pennsylvania , Maryland , Delaware , Virginia , North Carolina , South Carolina , and Georgia . The Lee Resolution for independence was passed on July 2 with no opposing votes . The Committee of Five had drafted the Declaration to be ready when Congress voted on independence . John Adams , a leader in pushing for independence , had persuaded the committee to select Thomas Jefferson to compose the original draft of the document , which Congress edited to produce the final version . The Declaration was a formal explanation of why Congress had voted to declare independence from Great Britain , more than a year after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War . Adams wrote to his wife Abigail , The Second Day of July 1776 , will be the most memorable Epocha , in the History of America - although Independence Day is actually celebrated on July 4 , the date that the wording of the Declaration of Independence was approved . After ratifying the text on July 4 , Congress issued the Declaration of Independence in several forms . It was initially published as the printed Dunlap broadside that was widely distributed and read to the public . The source copy used for this printing has been lost and may have been a copy in Thomas Jefferson 's hand .
Gouverneur Morris ( January 30 , 1752 - November 6 , 1816 ) was an American statesman , a Founding Father of the United States , and a signatory to the Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution . He wrote the Preamble to the United States Constitution and has been called the Penman of the Constitution . In an era when most Americans thought of themselves as citizens of their respective states , Morris advanced the idea of being a citizen of a single union of states . He represented New York in the United States Senate from 1800 to 1803 . Morris was born into a wealthy landowning family in what is now New York City . After attending King 's College ( now Columbia ) , he studied law under Judge William Smith and earned admission to the bar . He was elected to the New York Provincial Congress before serving in the Continental Congress . After losing re-election to Congress , he moved to Philadelphia and became the assistant U.S. superintendent of finance . He represented Pennsylvania at the 1787 Constitutional Convention , where he advocated a strong central government . He served on the committee that wrote the final draft of the United States Constitution . After the ratification of the Constitution , Morris served as Minister Plenipotentiary to France . He criticized the French Revolution and the execution of Marie Antoinette .
The Constitution of the United States is the supreme law of the United States of America . The Constitution , originally comprising seven articles , delineates the national frame of government . Its first three articles embody the doctrine of the separation of powers , whereby the federal government is divided into three branches : the legislative , consisting of the bicameral Congress ( Article One ) ; the executive , consisting of the president ( Article Two ) ; and the judicial , consisting of the Supreme Court and other federal courts ( Article Three ) . Articles Four , Five and Six embody concepts of federalism , describing the rights and responsibilities of state governments , the states in relationship to the federal government , and the shared process of constitutional amendment . Article Seven establishes the procedure subsequently used by the thirteen States to ratify it . It is regarded as the oldest written and codified national constitution in force . Since the Constitution came into force in 1789 , it has been amended 27 times , including one amendment that repealed a previous one , in order to meet the needs of a nation that has profoundly changed since the eighteenth century . In general , the first ten amendments , known collectively as the Bill of Rights , offer specific protections of individual liberty and justice and place restrictions on the powers of government . The majority of the seventeen later amendments expand individual civil rights protections . Others address issues related to federal authority or modify government processes and procedures . Amendments to the United States Constitution , unlike ones made to many constitutions worldwide , are appended to the document . All four pages of the original U.S. Constitution are written on parchment .
Robert Hunter Morris ( February 15 , 1808 - October 24 , 1855 ) was an attorney and the 64th Mayor of New York City .