List of craters on Mercury
K
Table:
Crater	Diameter ( km )	Approval Year	Eponym	Ref

Kandinsky	60	2012	Wassily Kandinsky , Russian painter	WGPSN

Karsh	58	2015	Yousuf Karsh , Armenian-Canadian photographer	WGPSN

Kālidāsā	160	1976	Kālidāsa , Sanskrit writer	WGPSN

Keats	107.85	1976	John Keats , English poet	WGPSN

Kenkō	105	1976	Yoshida Kenkō , Japanese writer	WGPSN

Kerouac	110	2015	Jack Kerouac , American writer	WGPSN

Kertész	32	2008	André Kertész , Hungarian photographer	WGPSN

Khansa	113	1976	Al-Khansa , Arabic poet	WGPSN

Kipling	164	2010	Rudyard Kipling , English author	WGPSN

Kirby	31	2019	Jack Kirby , American illustrator	WGPSN

Kobro	54	2012	Katarzyna Kobro , Polish sculptor	WGPSN

Kofi	136	2012	Vincent Kofi , Ghanaian sculptor	WGPSN

Komeda	54	2012	Krzysztof Komeda , Polish composer	WGPSN

Kōshō	64	1985	Kōshō , Japanese sculptor	WGPSN

Kuan Han-Ch'ing	143	1979	Guan Hanqing , Chinese playwright	WGPSN

Kuiper	62	1976	Gerard Kuiper , American astronomer	WGPSN

Kulthum	31	2015	Umm Kulthum , Egyptian singer	WGPSN

Kunisada	241.45	2009	Utagawa Kunisada , Japanese woodblock printmaker	WGPSN

Kuniyoshi	27	2014	Utagawa Kuniyoshi , Japanese painter and printmaker	WGPSN

Kurosawa	152	1976	Kinko Kurosawa , Japanese musician	WGPSN

With reference to the accompanying table and the textual context listed.

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An impact crater is an approximately circular depression in the surface of a planet , moon , or other solid body in the Solar System or elsewhere , formed by the hypervelocity impact of a smaller body . In contrast to volcanic craters , which result from explosion or internal collapse , impact craters typically have raised rims and floors that are lower in elevation than the surrounding terrain . Impact craters range from small , simple , bowl-shaped depressions to large , complex , multi-ringed impact basins . Meteor Crater is a well-known example of a small impact crater on Earth . Impact craters are the dominant geographic features on many solid Solar System objects including the Moon , Mercury , Callisto , Ganymede and most small moons and asteroids . On other planets and moons that experience more active surface geological processes , such as Earth , Venus , Mars , Europa , Io and Titan , visible impact craters are less common because they become eroded , buried or transformed by tectonics over time . Where such processes have destroyed most of the original crater topography , the terms impact structure or astrobleme are more commonly used . In early literature , before the significance of impact cratering was widely recognised , the terms cryptoexplosion or cryptovolcanic structure were often used to describe what are now recognised as impact-related features on Earth . The cratering records of very old surfaces , such as Mercury , the Moon , and the southern highlands of Mars , record a period of intense early bombardment in the inner Solar System around 3.9 billion years ago . The rate of crater production on Earth has since been considerably lower , but it is appreciable nonetheless ; Earth experiences from one to three impacts large enough to produce a 20-kilometre-diameter ( 12 mi ) crater about once every million years on average . This indicates that there should be far more relatively young craters on the planet than have been discovered so far . The cratering rate in the inner solar system fluctuates as a consequence of collisions in the asteroid belt that create a family of fragments that are often sent cascading into the inner solar system .
In geometry , a diameter of a circle is any straight line segment that passes through the center of the circle and whose endpoints lie on the circle . It can also be defined as the longest chord of the circle . Both definitions are also valid for the diameter of a sphere . In more modern usage , the length of a diameter is also called the diameter . In this sense one speaks of the diameter rather than a diameter ( which refers to the line segment itself ) , because all diameters of a circle or sphere have the same length , this being twice the radius r .
An eponym is a person , place , or thing after whom or after which something is named , or believed to be named , or the thing so named . The adjectives derived from eponym include eponymous and eponymic . For example , Elizabeth I of England is the eponym of the Elizabethan era , and the eponymous founder of the Ford Motor Company refers to Henry Ford , and Ford and Elizabethan England are both eponyms .
Kandinsky is a deep crater on Mercury , located near the planet 's north pole . It is named for painter Wassily Kandinsky . It is possible that the crater contains ice , making it the first potential sighting of water on Mercury .
Wassily Wassilyevich Kandinsky ( /ˌvæsɪli kænˈdɪnski/ ; Russian : Василий Васильевич Кандинский , tr . Vasiliy Vasilyevich Kandinskiy , IPA : [ vɐˈsʲilʲɪj vɐˈsʲilʲjɪvʲɪtɕ kɐnʲˈdʲinskʲɪj ] ; 16 December [ O.S . 4 December ] 1866 - 13 December 1944 ) was a Russian painter and art theorist . Kandinsky is generally credited as the pioneer of abstract art . Born in Moscow , Kandinsky spent his childhood in Odessa ( today Ukraine ) , where he graduated at Grekov Odessa Art school . He enrolled at the University of Moscow , studying law and economics . Successful in his profession - he was offered a professorship ( chair of Roman Law ) at the University of Dorpat ( today Tartu , Estonia ) - Kandinsky began painting studies ( life-drawing , sketching and anatomy ) at the age of 30 . In 1896 , Kandinsky settled in Munich , studying first at Anton Ažbe 's private school and then at the Academy of Fine Arts . He returned to Moscow in 1914 , after the outbreak of World War I . Following the Russian Revolution , Kandinsky became an insider in the cultural administration of Anatoly Lunacharsky and helped establish the Museum of the Culture of Painting . However , by then his spiritual outlook . was foreign to the argumentative materialism of Soviet society , and opportunities beckoned in Germany , to which he returned in 1920 .
Karsh is a crater on Mercury . It has a diameter of 58 kilometers . Its name was suggested by American resident Elizabeth Freeman Rosenzweig in a naming contest which was eventually adopted by the International Astronomical Union ( IAU ) on 2015 . Karsh is named for the Armenian-Canadian photographer Yousuf Karsh .
Yousuf Karsh CC ( December 23 , 1908 - July 13 , 2002 ) , was an Armenian-Canadian photographer known for his portraits of notable individuals . He has been described as one of the greatest portrait photographers of the 20th century . An Armenian Genocide survivor , Karsh migrated to Canada as a refugee . By the 1930s he established himself as a significant photographer in Ottawa , where he lived most of his adult life , though he traveled extensively for work . His iconic 1941 photograph of Winston Churchill was a breakthrough point in his 60-year career , through which he took numerous photos of known political leaders , men and women of arts and sciences . Over 20 photos by Karsh appeared on the cover of Life magazine , until he retired in 1992 .
Kālidāsā is a crater on Mercury . It has a diameter of 107 kilometers . Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 1976 . Kalidasa is named for the Indian writer Kālidāsa , who lived in the 5th century CE .
Kālidāsa was a Classical Sanskrit writer , widely regarded as the greatest poet and dramatist in the Sanskrit language of India . His plays and poetry are primarily based on the Vedas , the Ramayana , the Mahabharata and the Puranas . His surviving works consist of three plays , two epic poems and two shorter poems . Much about his life is unknown , only what can be inferred from his poetry and plays . His works can not be dated with precision , but they were most likely authored within the 4th-5th century CE .
Keats is a crater on Mercury . It has a diameter of 107.85 kilometers . Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union ( IAU ) in 1976 . Keats is named for the English poet John Keats , who lived from 1795 to 1821 .
John Keats ( /kiːts/ ; 31 October 1795 - 23 February 1821 ) was an English Romantic poet . He was one of the main figures of the second generation of Romantic poets , along with Lord Byron and Percy Bysshe Shelley , despite his works having been in publication for only four years before his death from tuberculosis at the age of 25 . Although his poems were not generally well received by critics during his lifetime , his reputation grew after his death , and by the end of the 19th century , he had become one of the most beloved of all English poets . He had a significant influence on a diverse range of poets and writers . Jorge Luis Borges stated that his first encounter with Keats ' work was the most significant literary experience of his life . The poetry of Keats is characterised by sensual imagery , most notably in the series of odes . This is typical of romantic poets , as they aimed to accentuate extreme emotion through an emphasis on natural imagery . Today his poems and letters are some of the most popular and most analysed in English literature . Some of the most acclaimed works of Keats are Ode to a Nightingale , Sleep and Poetry , and the famous sonnet On First Looking into Chapman 's Homer .
Kenkō is a crater on Mercury . It has a diameter of 99 kilometers . Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union ( IAU ) in 1976 . Kenko is named for the Japanese author Yoshida Kenkō , who lived from 1283 to 1352 . Balagtas crater is to the east of Kenkō , Mahler is to the west , and Hitomaro is to the north .
Kenkō ( 兼好 , 1284-1350 ) was a Japanese author and Buddhist monk . His most famous work is Tsurezuregusa ( Essays in Idleness ) , one of the most studied works of medieval Japanese literature . Kenko wrote during the Muromachi and Kamakura periods .
Jean-Louis Jack Kerouac ( /ˈkɛruæk/ ; ) ( though he called himself Jean-Louis Lebris de Kérouac ; March 12 , 1922 - October 21 , 1969 ) was an American novelist and poet of French-Canadian ancestry . He is considered a literary iconoclast and , alongside William S. Burroughs and Allen Ginsberg , a pioneer of the Beat Generation . Kerouac is recognized for his method of spontaneous prose . Thematically , his work covers topics such as Catholic spirituality , jazz , promiscuity , Buddhism , drugs , poverty , and travel . He became an underground celebrity and , with other beats , a progenitor of the hippie movement , although he remained antagonistic toward some of its politically radical elements . In 1969 , at age 47 , Kerouac died from an abdominal hemorrhage caused by a lifetime of heavy drinking . Since his death , Kerouac 's literary prestige has grown , and several previously unseen works have been published . All of his books are in print today , including The Town and the City , On the Road , Doctor Sax , The Dharma Bums , Mexico City Blues , The Subterraneans , Desolation Angels , Visions of Cody , The Sea Is My Brother , Satori In Paris , and Big Sur .
Located in the western edge of Mercury 's giant Caloris basin , Kertész crater ( named in 2008 for André Kertész , a Hungarian-born American photographer ) has some unusual , bright material located on its floor . Sander crater , located in the northwestern edge of Caloris basin , also shows bright material on its floor . Just northeast of Kertész a small crater has very bright rays and ejecta , indicating that the crater is young .
André Kertész ( French : [ kɛʁtɛs ] ; 2 July 1894 - 28 September 1985 ) , born Andor Kertész , was a Hungarian-born photographer known for his groundbreaking contributions to photographic composition and the photo essay . In the early years of his career , his then-unorthodox camera angles and style prevented his work from gaining wider recognition . Kertész never felt that he had gained the worldwide recognition he deserved . Today he is considered one of the seminal figures of photojournalism . Expected by his family to work as a stockbroker , Kertész pursued photography independently as an autodidact , and his early work was published primarily in magazines , a major market in those years . This continued until much later in his life , when Kertész stopped accepting commissions . He served briefly in World War I and moved to Paris in 1925 , then the artistic capital of the world , against the wishes of his family . In Paris he worked for France 's first illustrated magazine called VU . Involved with many young immigrant artists and the Dada movement , he achieved critical and commercial success . Due to German persecution of the Jews and the threat of World War II , Kertész decided to emigrate to the United States in 1936 , where he had to rebuild his reputation through commissioned work . In the 1940s and 1950s , he stopped working for magazines and began to achieve greater international success . His career is generally divided into four periods , based on where he was working and his work was most prominently known .
Khansa is a crater on Mercury . It has a diameter of 111 kilometers . Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union ( IAU ) in 1976 . Khansa is named for the Arab poet al-Khansa , who lived in the 6th century CE .
Tumāḍir bint ʿAmr ibn al-Ḥārith ibn al-Sharīd al-Sulamīyah ( Arabic : تماضر بنت عمرو بن الحارث بن الشريد السُلمية ) , usually simply referred to as al-Khansāʾ ( Arabic : الخنساء , meaning either gazelle or snub-nosed ) was a 7th-century Arabic poet , said to have died in 646 CE . She is the best known female poet in Arabic literature . In her time , the role of a female poet was to write elegies for the dead and perform them for the tribe in public oral competitions . Al-Khansāʾ won respect and fame in these competitions with her elegies for her brothers , Ṣakhr and Muʿāwiyah , who had died in battle .
Kipling is a crater on Mercury . It has a diameter of 164 kilometers . Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union ( IAU ) in 2010 . Kipling is named for the British author Rudyard Kipling , who lived from 1865 to 1936 .
Joseph Rudyard Kipling ( /ˈrʌdjərd/ RUD-yərd ; 30 December 1865 - 18 January 1936 ) was an English journalist , short-story writer , poet , and novelist . He was born in India , which inspired much of his work . Kipling 's works of fiction include The Jungle Book ( 1894 ) , Kim ( 1901 ) , and many short stories , including The Man Who Would Be King ( 1888 ) . His poems include Mandalay ( 1890 ) , Gunga Din ( 1890 ) , The Gods of the Copybook Headings ( 1919 ) , The White Man 's Burden ( 1899 ) , and If - ( 1910 ) . He is seen as an innovator in the art of the short story . His children 's books are classics ; one critic noted a versatile and luminous narrative gift . Kipling in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was among the United Kingdom 's most popular writers . Henry James said , Kipling strikes me personally as the most complete man of genius , as distinct from fine intelligence , that I have ever known . In 1907 , he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature , as the first English-language writer to receive the prize , and at 41 , its youngest recipient to date . He was also sounded for the British Poet Laureateship and several times for a knighthood , but declined both . Following his death in 1936 , his ashes were interred at Poets ' Corner , part of the South Transept of Westminster Abbey . Kipling 's subsequent reputation has changed with the political and social climate of the age .
Jack Kirby ( born Jacob Kurtzberg ; /ˈkɜːrtsbɜːrɡ/ ; August 28 , 1917 - February 6 , 1994 ) was an American comic book artist , writer and editor , widely regarded as one of the medium 's major innovators and one of its most prolific and influential creators . He grew up in New York City and learned to draw cartoon figures by tracing characters from comic strips and editorial cartoons . He entered the nascent comics industry in the 1930s , drawing various comics features under different pen names , including Jack Curtiss , before ultimately settling on Jack Kirby . In 1940 , he and writer-editor Joe Simon created the highly successful superhero character Captain America for Timely Comics , predecessor of Marvel Comics . During the 1940s , Kirby regularly teamed with Simon , creating numerous characters for that company and for National Comics Publications , later to become DC Comics . After serving in the European Theater in World War II , Kirby produced work for DC Comics , Harvey Comics , Hillman Periodicals and other publishers . At Crestwood Publications , he and Simon created the genre of romance comics and later founded their own short-lived comic company , Mainline Publications . Kirby was involved in Timely 's 1950s iteration , Atlas Comics , which in the next decade became Marvel . There , in the 1960s under writer-editor Stan Lee , Kirby created many of the company 's major characters , including the Fantastic Four , the X-Men and the Hulk . The Lee-Kirby titles garnered high sales and critical acclaim , but in 1970 , feeling he had been treated unfairly , largely in the realm of authorship credit and creators ' rights , Kirby left the company for rival DC . At DC , Kirby created his Fourth World saga which spanned several comics titles . While these series proved commercially unsuccessful and were canceled , the Fourth World 's New Gods have continued as a significant part of the DC Universe .
Katarzyna Kobro ( 26 January 1898 in Moscow - 21 February 1951 in Łódź ) was a Polish avant-garde sculptor . She is a prominent representative of the constructivist movement in Poland .
Krzysztof Komeda ( born Krzysztof Trzciński ; 27 April 1931 - 23 April 1969 ) was a Polish film music composer and jazz pianist . Perhaps best known for his work in film scores , Komeda wrote the scores for Roman Polanskis films Knife in the Water ( 1962 ) , Cul-de-sac ( 1966 ) , The Fearless Vampire Killers ( 1967 ) , and Rosemarys Baby ( 1968 ) . Komeda 's album Astigmatic ( 1965 ) is widely regarded as one of the most important European jazz albums ; British critic Stuart Nicholson describes the album as marking a shift away from the dominant American approach with the emergence of a specific European aesthetic .
Kōshō is a crater on Mercury . It has a diameter of 65 kilometers . Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 1985 . Kōshō is named for the Japanese sculptor Kōshō , who lived in the 13th century CE .
Kuan Han-Ch'ing is a crater on Mercury . It has a diameter of 151 kilometers . Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 1979 . Kuan Han-ch'ing is named for the Chinese playwright Guan Hanqing , who lived from 1241 to 1320 .
Guan Hanqing ( c. 1241-1320 ) , sobriquet the Oldman of the Studio ( 齋叟 Zhāisǒu ) , was a notable Chinese playwright and poet in the Yuan Dynasty . He has been described as among the most prolific and highly regarded dramatists of the Yuan period . Guan spent much of his later life in Dadu and produced about 65 plays , mostly in the vernacular of the time . Fourteen of his plays are extant , including :
Kuiper is a moderate-size crater with a central peak cluster located at 11°21′S 31°14′W / 11.35°S 31.23°W / -11.35 ; -31.23 on Mercury . It is 62 kilometers in diameter and was named after Dutch-American astronomer Gerard Kuiper in 1976 . It is one of only 2 Mercurian craters which are named not after artists , and one of very few cases when the same name is used for 3 craters ( there are also Kuiper craters on Mars and on the Moon ) . Gerard Kuiper , being a leader of American planetary science , died shortly before the first images of Mercurian surface were made . Kuiper overlies the northern rim of the larger crater Murasaki . Kuiper crater has the highest recorded albedo of any region on the planet 's surface and has a prominent ray system , suggesting that it is one of the youngest craters .
Gerard Peter Kuiper ( English : /ˈkaɪpər/ ; Dutch pronunciation : [ ˈkœypər ] ; born Gerrit Pieter Kuiper ; December 7 , 1905 - December 23 , 1973 ) was a Dutch astronomer , planetary scientist , selenographer , author and professor . He is the eponymous namesake of the Kuiper belt . Kuiper is considered by many to be the father of modern planetary science . As professor at the University of Chicago , he was dissertation advisor to Carl Sagan . In 1958 , the two worked on the classified military Project A119 , the secret Air Force plan to detonate a nuclear warhead on the Moon .
Kulthum is a crater on Mercury . It has a diameter of 31 kilometers . Its name was suggested by Molouk Ba-Isa from Saudi Arabia , Swiss individual Riana Rakotoarimanana , and American residents Yehya Hassouna , David Suttles , Thorayya Said Giovannelli and Matt Giovannelli in a naming contest which was eventually adopted by the International Astronomical Union ( IAU ) on 2015 . Kulthum is named for the Egyptian singer Umm Kulthum .
Umm Kulthum ( Arabic : أم كلثوم , Egyptian Arabic pronunciation : [ ʊm kʊlˈsuːm ] ; French : Oum Kalthoum ; born Fāṭima ʾIbrāhīm es-Sayyid el-Beltāǧī فاطمة إبراهيم السيد البلتاجي on 31 December 1898 , or 4 May 1904 ; died 3 February 1975 ) was an Egyptian singer , songwriter , and film actress active from the 1920s to the 1970s . She was given the honorific title Kawkab al-Sharq ( كوكب الشرق , Star of the East ) . Umm Kulthum was known for her vocal ability and unique style . She sold over 80 million records worldwide , making her one of the best-selling Middle Eastern singers ever . Umm Kulthum is considered a national icon in her native Egypt and has been dubbed as The voice of Egypt and Egypt 's fourth pyramid .
Kunisada is a crater on Mercury . It has a diameter of 241 kilometers . Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 2009 . Kunisada is named for the Japanese woodblock printer Utagawa Kunisada , who lived from 1786 to 1864 .
Utagawa Kunisada ( Japanese : 歌川 国貞 ; 1786 - 12 January 1865 ) , also known as Utagawa Toyokuni III ( 三代 歌川 豊国 Sandai Utagawa Toyokuni ) , was the most popular , prolific and commercially successful designer of ukiyo-e woodblock prints in 19th-century Japan . In his own time , his reputation far exceeded that of his contemporaries , Hokusai , Hiroshige and Kuniyoshi .
Utagawa Kuniyoshi ( UK : /ˌuːtəˈɡɑːwə ˌkuːnɪˈjoʊʃi/ ; Japanese : 歌川 國芳 [ ɯtaɡaɰa kɯɲijoɕi ] ; January 1 , 1798 - April 14 , 1861 ) was one of the last great masters of the Japanese ukiyo-e style of woodblock prints and painting . He was a member of the Utagawa school . The range of Kuniyoshi 's subjects included many genres : landscapes , beautiful women , Kabuki actors , cats , and mythical animals . He is known for depictions of the battles of legendary samurai heroes . His artwork incorporated aspects of Western representation in landscape painting and caricature .
Kurosawa is a crater on Mercury . It has a diameter of 159 kilometers . Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union ( IAU ) in 1976 . Kurosawa is named for the Japanese composer Kinko Kurosawa , who lived in the 18th century CE .
Kinko Kurosawa ( 黒沢 琴古 , Kurosawa Kinko ) was an 18th-century komusō of the Fuke sect of Zen Buddhism . He was commissioned to travel round Japan and collect honkyoku , spiritual shakuhachi music pieces from his fellow mendicant monks . The resulting collection of 36 honkyoku are the repertoire of the Kinko Ryu school of shakuhachi .