List of ship launches in 1944
February
Table:
Date

Ship

Country

Builder

Location

Class / type

Notes

1 February

Daniel G. Reid

United States

Permanente Metals, #2 Yard

Richmond, California

Liberty ship

2 February

Cornelius Vanderbilt

United States

Permanente Metals, #2 Yard

Richmond, California

Liberty ship

2 February

Morris Sigman

United States

Bethlehem-Fairfield Shipyards

Baltimore

Liberty ship

2 February

William D. Byron

United States

Bethlehem-Fairfield Shipyards

Baltimore

Liberty ship

2 February

Pittsburgh

United States

Bethlehem Steel Company

Quincy, Massachusetts

Template:Sclass-

3 February

Frank Gilbreth

United States

Walsh-Kaiser Company

Providence, Rhode Island

Liberty ship

3 February

Greece Victory

United States

California Shipbuilding Corporation

Los Angeles

Victory ship

3 February

Morris Sheppard

United States

Todd Houston Shipbuilding Corporation

Houston, Texas

Liberty ship

4 February

Britain Victory

United States

Oregon Shipbuilding Company

Portland

Victory ship

4 February

Sherman O. Houghton

United States

California Shipbuilding Corporation

Los Angeles

Liberty ship

4 February

Shamrock Bay

United States

Kaiser Shipyards

Vancouver, Washington

Template:Sclass-

Converted S4 merchant hull

5 February

James Devereux

United States

Permanente Metals, #2 Yard

Richmond, California

Liberty ship

5 February

John H. Thomas

United States

Permanente Metals, #2 Yard

Richmond, California

Liberty ship

5 February

Samhorn

United States

Southeastern Shipbuilding Corporation

Savannah, Georgia

Liberty ship

5 February

Samstrule

United States

Bethlehem-Fairfield Shipyards

Baltimore

Liberty ship

6 February

Atlanta

United States

New York Shipbuilding Corporation

Camden, New Jersey

Template:Sclass-

7 February

Benjamin H. Hill

United States

J. A. Jones Construction Company

Brunswick, Georgia

Liberty ship

7 February

Samlyth

United States

Bethlehem-Fairfield Shipyards

Baltimore

Liberty ship

7 February

Ticonderoga

United States

Newport News Shipbuilding

Newport News, Virginia

Template:Sclass-

8 February

Andrew Turnbull

United States

St. Johns River Shipbuilding Company

Jacksonville, Florida

Liberty ship

Using the provided table along with the context paragraphs listed at the end.

Respond to the question below: What is the name of the ship whose location was incorporated on August 7 , 1905 ? Output only the correct answer as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}.

The United States of America ( USA ) , commonly known as the United States ( U.S. or US ) or America , is a country consisting of 50 states , a federal district , five major self-governing territories , and various possessions . [ g ] At 3.8 million square miles ( 9.8 million km2 ) , it is the world 's third or fourth-largest country by total area [ b ] and is slightly smaller than the entire continent of Europe . Most of the country is located in central North America between Canada and Mexico . With an estimated population of over 328 million , the U.S. is the third most populous country in the world . The capital is Washington , D.C. , and the most populous city is New York City . Paleo-Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 12,000 years ago . European colonization began in the 16th century . The United States emerged from the thirteen British colonies established along the East Coast . Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies led to the American Revolutionary War lasting between 1775 and 1783 , leading to independence . The United States embarked on a vigorous expansion across North America throughout the 19th century - gradually acquiring new territories , displacing Native Americans , and admitting new states - until by 1848 it spanned the continent . During the second half of the 19th century , the American Civil War led to the abolition of slavery in the United States . The Spanish-American War and World War I confirmed the country 's status as a global military power .
Permanente Metals Corporation ( PMC ) is best known for having managed the Richmond Shipyards in Richmond , California , owned by one of industrialist Henry J. Kaiser 's many corporations , and also engaged in related corporate activities . These four of the seven west coast Kaiser Shipyards were known for their construction of Liberty ships and later Victory ships . The company was originally a major producer of magnesium during World War II and derives its name from the Permanente Creek in Santa Clara County , California where mining operations commenced in the early 1930s . To make use of its major product , powdered magnesium , PMC also developed and supplied an incendiary bomb mixture of magnesium powder , asphalt , gasoline and others components ( known as goop , with similar characteristics to napalm ) ; 17,000 short tons of goop-filled bombs were used in World War II ( approximately eight percent of the total tonnage of incendiaries that were dropped during that conflict ) . Permanente ranked 42nd among United States corporations in the value of World War II military production contracts .
The four Richmond Shipyards , located in the city of Richmond , California , United States , were run by Permanente Metals and part of the Kaiser Shipyards . During World War II , Richmond built more ships than any other shipyard , turning out as many as three ships in a single day . The shipyards are part of the Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park , whose the Rosie the Riveter memorial sits on the former grounds of Shipyard # 2 . Shipyard # 3 is listed on the National Register of Historic Places .
Richmond ( /ˈrɪtʃmənd/ ) is a city in western Contra Costa County , California , United States . The city was incorporated on August 7 , 1905 and has a city council . Located in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area , Richmond borders the cities of San Pablo , Albany , El Cerrito and Pinole in addition to the unincorporated communities of North Richmond , Hasford Heights , Kensington , El Sobrante , Bayview-Montalvin Manor , Tara Hills , and East Richmond Heights , and for a short distance San Francisco on Red Rock Island in the San Francisco Bay . Richmond is one of two cities , the other being San Rafael , California , that sits on the shores of San Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay simultaneously . During the mayoralty of Gayle McLaughlin , Richmond was the largest city in the United States served by a Green Party mayor . As of the 2010 U.S. Census , the city 's population is at 103,710 , making it the second largest city in the United States named Richmond . The largest , Richmond , Virginia , is the namesake of the California city .
Liberty ships were a class of cargo ship built in the United States during World War II . Though British in concept , the design was adapted by the United States for its simple , low-cost construction . Mass-produced on an unprecedented scale , the Liberty ship came to symbolize U.S. wartime industrial output . The class was developed to meet British orders for transports to replace ships that had been lost . Eighteen American shipyards built 2,710 Liberty ships between 1941 and 1945 ( an average of three ships every two days ) , easily the largest number of ships ever produced to a single design . Their production mirrored ( albeit on a much larger scale ) the manufacture of Hog Islander and similar standardized ship types during World War I . The immensity of the effort , the number of ships built , the role of female workers in their construction , and the survival of some far longer than their original five-year design life combine to make them the subject of much continued interest .
Bethlehem Steel Corporation Shipbuilding Division was created in 1905 when the Bethlehem Steel Corporation of Bethlehem , Pennsylvania , acquired the San Francisco shipyard Union Iron Works . In 1917 it was incorporated as Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation , Limited . Headquarters were in Quincy , Massachusetts , after acquiring the Fore River Shipyard in 1913 , and later in Sparrows Point , Maryland , southeast of Baltimore , Maryland , in formerly rural/now suburban Baltimore County , ( acquired 1916 ) , in 1964 . In 1940 , it was number 1 of the Big Three U.S. shipbuilders who could build any ship . Newport News Shipbuilding & Drydock and New York Shipbuilding Corporation ( New York Ship ) were # 2 and # 3 . Bethlehem had 4 yards in early 1940 : Fore River , Sparrows Point , San Francisco , and Staten Island . Bethlehem expanded during World War II as a result of the Emergency Shipbuilding program administered under the United States Maritime Commission . The Quincy / Fore River yard was later sold to General Dynamics Corporation in the mid-1960s , and closed in 1986 . The Alameda Works Shipyard in California was closed by Bethlehem Steel in the early 1970s , while the San Francisco facility ( former Union Iron Works ) was sold to British Aerospace in the mid-1990s and survives today as BAE Systems San Francisco Ship Repair . Bethlehem Steel ceased shipbuilding activities in 1997 in an attempt to preserve its core steel making operations .
Baltimore ( /ˈbɔːltɪmɔːr/ BAWL-tim-or , locally : /ˈbɔːlmər/ ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland , as well as the 30th most populous city in the United States , with a population of 602,495 in 2018 and also the largest such independent city in the country . Baltimore was established by the Constitution of Maryland as an independent city in 1729 . As of 2017 , the population of the Baltimore metropolitan area was estimated to be just under 2.802 million , making it the 21st largest metropolitan area in the country . Baltimore is located about 40 miles ( 64 km ) northeast of Washington , D.C. , making it a principal city in the Washington-Baltimore combined statistical area ( CSA ) , the fourth-largest CSA in the nation , with a calculated 2018 population of 9,797,063 . The city 's Inner Harbor was once the second leading port of entry for immigrants to the United States . In addition , Baltimore was a major manufacturing center . After a decline in major manufacturing , heavy industry , and restructuring of the rail industry , Baltimore has shifted to a service-oriented economy . Johns Hopkins Hospital ( founded 1889 ) and Johns Hopkins University ( founded 1876 ) are the city 's top two employers . With hundreds of identified districts , Baltimore has been dubbed a city of neighborhoods . Famous residents have included writers Edgar Allan Poe , Edith Hamilton , Frederick Douglass , W.E.B . Du Bois , Ogden Nash , Gertrude Stein , F. Scott Fitzgerald , Dashiell Hammett , Upton Sinclair , Tom Clancy , Ta-Nehisi Coates , and H. L. Mencken ; musicians James Eubie Blake , Billie Holiday , Cab Calloway , Tori Amos , Frank Zappa , Tupac Shakur , Dan Deacon , Robbie Basho , Bill Frisell , Philip Glass , Cass Elliot , and Ric Ocasek ; actors and filmmakers John Waters , Barry Levinson , Divine , David Hasselhoff , Don Messick , John Kassir , Jada Pinkett Smith , and Mo'Nique ; artist Jeff Koons ; baseball player Babe Ruth ; swimmer Michael Phelps ; radio host Ira Glass ; television host Mike Rowe ; Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall ; Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Nancy Pelosi ; and United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Ben Carson . During the War of 1812 , Francis Scott Key wrote The Star-Spangled Banner in Baltimore after the bombardment of Fort McHenry .
USS Pittsburgh ( CA-72 ) , originally named USS Albany ( CA-72 ) , was a Baltimore-class heavy cruiser of the US Navy . The third ship to bear this name , it was laid down on 3 February 1943 by the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation 's Fore River Shipyard at Quincy , Massachusetts ; launched on 22 February 1944 , sponsored by Mrs Cornelius D. Scully , wife of the Mayor of Pittsburgh ; and commissioned at Boston on 10 October 1944 , with Capt . John Edward Gingrich in command .
The Bethlehem Steel Corporation was an American steel and shipbuilding company that for much of the 20th century was one of the world 's largest steel producer and shipbuilding companies . The company 's roots trace to 1857 with the establishment of the Bethlehem Iron Company . Bethlehem Steel was formed in 1904 through the merger of the earlier companies , and existed through the decline of American steel manufacturing during the 1970s until its final bankruptcy in 2001 . The Bethlehem Steel Company became the primary subsidiary company of the Bethlehem Steel Corporation in 1904 . The Bethlehem Steel Company is the first Bethlehem Steel while the Bethlehem Steel Corporation is the second Bethlehem Steel ; both companies existed simultaneously after 1904 , but the Bethlehem Steel Company was eventually merged into the Bethlehem Steel Corporation in the 1960s . After a decline in the American steel industry and other problems leading to the company 's bankruptcy in 2001 , the Bethlehem Steel Corporation was dissolved and the remaining assets sold to International Steel Group in 2003 ; Bethlehem Steel Corporation did not merge with/into International Steel Group . The Bethlehem Steel Corporation ( using the Bethlehem Steel Company ) and the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation , which was also a Bethlehem Steel Corporation subsidiary , were two of the most powerful symbols of American industrial manufacturing leadership . Their demise is often cited [ by whom ? ] as one of the most prominent examples of the U.S. economy 's shift away from industrial manufacturing , its failure to compete with global competition , and management 's penchant for short-term profits .
Quincy ( /ˈkwɪnzi/ KWIN-zee ) is a U.S. city in Norfolk County , Massachusetts . It is the largest city in the county and a part of Metropolitan Boston as one of Boston 's immediate southern suburbs . Its population in 2010 was 92,271 , making it the eighth-largest city in the state . Known as the City of Presidents , Quincy is the birthplace of two U.S. presidents - John Adams and his son John Quincy Adams - as well as John Hancock , a President of the Continental Congress and the first signer of the Declaration of Independence , as well as being the first and third Governor of Massachusetts . First settled in 1625 , Quincy was briefly part of Dorchester and Boston before becoming the north precinct of Braintree in 1640 . In 1792 , Quincy was split off from Braintree ; the new town was named after Colonel John Quincy , maternal grandfather of Abigail Adams and after whom John Quincy Adams was also named . Quincy became a city in 1888 . For more than a century , Quincy was home to a thriving granite industry ; the city was also the site of the Granite Railway , the United States ' first commercial railroad . Shipbuilding at the Fore River Shipyard was another key part of the city 's economy . In the 20th century , both Howard Johnson 's and Dunkin ' Donuts were founded in the city .
The Baltimore-class cruiser was a large class of heavy cruisers in the United States Navy commissioned during and shortly after World War II . Fourteen Baltimores were completed , more than any other class of heavy cruiser , along with three ships of the Oregon City-sub-class . Fast and heavily armed , the Baltimore cruisers were mainly used in World War II to protect the fast aircraft carriers in battle groups from air attack . Additionally , their 8-inch ( 203 mm ) main guns and secondary 5-inch ( 127 mm ) guns were regularly used to bombard land targets in support of amphibious landings . After the war , only six Baltimores ( St Paul , Macon , Toledo , Columbus , Bremerton , and Helena ) and two Oregon City-class ships ( Albany and Rochester ) remained in service , while the rest were moved to the reserve fleet . However , all ships except Boston , Canberra , Chicago and Fall River were reactivated for the Korean War . Except for St Paul , all the ships retaining all-gun configurations had very short ( 18 years or less ) service lives , and by 1971 were decommissioned , and started showing up in the scrap-sale lists . However , four Baltimore-class cruisers were refitted and converted into some of the first guided missile cruisers in the world , becoming two of the three Albany-class and two Boston-class cruisers . The last of these was decommissioned in 1980 , with the Chicago lasting until 1991 in reserve . No example of the Baltimore class still exists .
Walsh-Kaiser Co. , Inc. was a shipyard in both Cranston and Providence , Rhode Island . It was built during World War II and financed by the Maritime Commission as part of the country 's Emergency Shipbuilding Program . It was originally operated by Rheem Manufacturing , a company with no previous shipbuilding expertise . When Rheem had difficulty managing the yard , Kaiser Shipyards was retained to manage the operation .
Providence is the capital and most populous city of the state of Rhode Island and is one of the oldest cities in the United States . It was founded in 1636 by Roger Williams , a Reformed Baptist theologian and religious exile from the Massachusetts Bay Colony . He named the area in honor of God 's merciful Providence which he believed was responsible for revealing such a haven for him and his followers . The city is situated at the mouth of the Providence River at the head of Narragansett Bay . Providence was one of the first cities in the country to industrialize and became noted for its textile manufacturing and subsequent machine tool , jewelry , and silverware industries . Today , the city of Providence is home to eight hospitals and seven institutions of higher learning which have shifted the city 's economy into service industries , though it still retains some manufacturing activity . The city is the third most populous city in New England after Boston and Worcester , Massachusetts .
The SS Greece Victory was the second Victory ship built during World War II under the Emergency Shipbuilding program . She was launched by the California Shipbuilding Company on February 3 , 1944 , and completed on April 14 , 1944 . The ships United States Maritime Commission designation was VC2- S- AP3 , hull number 2 . SS Greece Victory served in the Pacific Ocean during World War II . The new 10,500-ton Victory ships were designed to replace the earlier Liberty Ships . Liberty ships were designed to be used just for World War II . Victory ships were designed to last longer and serve the US Navy after the war . The Victory ship differed from a Liberty ship in that they were : faster , longer and wider , taller , had a thinner stack set farther toward the superstructure and had a long raised forecastle . SS Greece Victory was christened by Mrs. Calypsn Picheon , wife of Ehas Pichnon , the Greece consul general on February 4 , 1944 . The launching of The SS Greece Victory splashed into the water of Terminal Island to enter the Pacific War .
California Shipbuilding Corporation built 467 Liberty and Victory ships during World War II , including Haskell-class attack transports . California Shipbuilding Corporation was often referred to as Calship . The Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships sometimes refers to this shipyard as California Shipbuilding Co. , but Co [ mpany ] appears to be an error . The Calship shipyard was created at Terminal Island in Los Angeles , California , United States as part of America 's massive shipbuilding effort of World War II . W. A. Bechtel Co. was given sponsorship and executive direction of Calship . As of 1940 , Los Angeles shipyards had not built a large ship in 20 years . By late 1941 though , shipbuilding had become the second largest manufacturing industry in the Los Angeles area . Calship was created from scratch and began production of Liberty Ships in May 1941 . In the early 1940s , contracts from the U.S.Department of Maritime Commission and a number of U.S. Navy contracts led to prosperity shipbuilding business in Los Angeles . The yard was located on 175 acres on the north side of Terminal Island , north of Dock Street , near present-day berths 210-213 . It initially had 8 ways , and later increased this to 14 . 40,000 men and women worked under the military contract to construction of 467 vessels over 5 years .
Los Angeles ( /lɔːs ˈændʒələs/ ( listen ) ; [ a ] Spanish : Los Ángeles ; Spanish for The Angels ) , officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L.A. , is the most populous city in California ; the second most populous city in the United States , after New York City ; and the third most populous city in North America , after Mexico City and New York City . With an estimated population of nearly four million people , Los Angeles is the cultural , financial , and commercial center of Southern California . The city is known for its Mediterranean climate , ethnic diversity , Hollywood , the entertainment industry , and its sprawling metropolis . Los Angeles lies in a basin in Southern California , adjacent to the Pacific Ocean , with mountains as high as 10,000 feet ( 3,000 m ) , and deserts . The city , which covers about 469 square miles ( 1,210 km2 ) , is the seat of Los Angeles County , the most populous county in the United States . The Los Angeles metropolitan area ( MSA ) is the second-largest metropolitan area in the nation with a population of 13.1 million people . Greater Los Angeles , which includes the metro area of Riverside and San Bernardino , is the nation 's second most populous combined statistical area , with a 2015 estimate of 18.7 million people . Historically home to the Chumash and Tongva , Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 . The city was officially founded on September 4 , 1781 , by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve . It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence . In 1848 , at the end of the Mexican-American War , Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo , and thus became part of the United States . Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4 , 1850 , five months before California achieved statehood .
The Victory ship was a class of cargo ship produced in large numbers by North American shipyards during World War II to replace losses caused by German submarines . They were a more modern design compared to the earlier Liberty ship , were slightly larger and had more powerful steam turbine engines giving higher speed to allow participation in high speed convoys and make them more difficult targets for German U-boats . A total of 531 Victory ships were built .
Vigor Shipyards ( formerly Todd Shipyards ) was founded in 1916 as the William H. Todd Corporation through the merger of Robins Dry Dock & Repair Company of Erie Basin , Brooklyn , New York , the Tietjen & Long Dry Dock Company of Hoboken , New Jersey , and the Seattle Construction and Dry Dock Company . The Seattle shipyard could trace its history back to 1882 , when Robert Moran opened a marine repair shop at Yesler 's Wharf . This shop became the Moran Brothers Shipyard in 1906 and the Seattle Construction & Dry Dock Company at the end of 1911 . The shipyard has performed building and maintenance work for , among others , the U.S. and Royal Australian Navies , the United States Coast Guard , and the Washington State Ferries . Its headquarters and operations are on Harbor Island at the mouth of Seattle 's Duwamish Waterway . Todd ranked 26th among United States corporations in the value of World War II production contracts . The 105-foot-long ( 32 m ) hull of Disneyland 's Mark Twain riverboat was built at Todd Shipyards in San Pedro , California , in 1955 . Frank Sinatra worked after high school as a rivet catcher . In February 2011 , Vigor Industrial purchased Todd for US $ 130 million . This included the Seattle , Everett and Bremerton operations . Today , Vigor Shipyards is a government repair subsidiary of Vigor Industrial . Originally , the Coast Guard wanted to acquire 25 Offshore Patrol Cutters ( OPC ) and spend about $ 8 billion for them .
Houston ( /ˈhjuːstən/ ( listen ) HEW-stən ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Texas , fourth most populous city in the United States , most populous city in the Southern United States , as well as the sixth most populous in North America , with an estimated 2018 population of 2,325,502 . Located in Southeast Texas near Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico , it is the seat of Harris County and the principal city of the Greater Houston metropolitan area , which is the fifth most populous metropolitan statistical area in the United States and the second most populous in Texas after the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex , with a population of 6,997,384 in 2018 . Comprising a total area of 637.4 square miles ( 1,651 km2 ) , Houston is the eighth most expansive city in the United States ( including consolidated city-counties ) . It is the largest city in the United States by total area , whose government is not consolidated with that of a county , parish or borough . Though primarily in Harris County , small portions of the city extend into Fort Bend and Montgomery counties , bordering other principal communities of Greater Houston such as Sugar Land and The Woodlands . The city of Houston was founded by land investors on August 30 , 1836 , at the confluence of Buffalo Bayou and White Oak Bayou ( a point now known as Allen 's Landing ) and incorporated as a city on June 5 , 1837 . The city is named after former General Sam Houston , who was president of the Republic of Texas and had won Texas ' independence from Mexico at the Battle of San Jacinto 25 miles ( 40 km ) east of Allen 's Landing . After briefly serving as the capital of the Texas Republic in the late 1830s , Houston grew steadily into a regional trading center for the remainder of the 19th century . The arrival of the 20th century saw a convergence of economic factors which fueled rapid growth in Houston , including a burgeoning port and railroad industry , the decline of Galveston as Texas ' primary port following a devastating 1900 hurricane , the subsequent construction of the Houston Ship Channel , and the Texas oil boom . In the mid-20th century , Houston 's economy diversified as it became home to the Texas Medical Center - the world 's largest concentration of healthcare and research institutions - and NASA 's Johnson Space Center , where the Mission Control Center is located . Houston 's economy since the late 19th century has a broad industrial base in energy , manufacturing , aeronautics , and transportation . Leading in healthcare sectors and building oilfield equipment , Houston has the second most Fortune 500 headquarters of any U.S. municipality within its city limits ( after New York City ) .
Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation was a World War II emergency shipyard located along the Willamette River in Portland , Oregon , United States . The shipyard built nearly 600 Liberty and Victory ships between 1941 and 1945 under the Emergency Shipbuilding program . It was closed after the war ended . The shipyard , one of three Kaiser Shipyards in the area , was in the St. Johns neighborhood of North Portland . The two others were the Swan Island Shipyard , located several miles upriver on Swan Island ; and the Vancouver Shipyard , located across the Columbia River from Portland in Vancouver , Washington . Among the ships built by Oregon Shipbuilding was the Star of Oregon , which was launched on Liberty Fleet Day , September 27 , 1941 . The rapid expansion of Portland area shipyards during World War II and contraction afterward caused similar expansion and contraction of the population of Vanport City , Oregon , which was also built by Henry J. Kaiser to house the workers of the three area shipyards . The former site of Oregon Shipbuilding in St. Johns is now Schnitzer Steel Industries .
Portland ( /ˈpɔːrtlənd/ ; PORT-lənd ) is the largest and most populous city in the U.S. state of Oregon and the seat of Multnomah County . It is a major port in the Willamette Valley region of the Pacific Northwest , at the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers . As of 2018 , Portland had an estimated population of 653,115 , making it the 25th most populated city in the United States , and the second-most populous in the Pacific Northwest after Seattle . Approximately 2.4 million people live in the Portland metropolitan statistical area ( MSA ) , making it the 25th most populous in the United States . Its combined statistical area ( CSA ) ranks 19th-largest with a population of around 3.2 million . Approximately 60% of Oregon 's population resides within the Portland metropolitan area . [ a ] Named after Portland , Maine , the Oregon settlement began to be populated in the 1830s near the end of the Oregon Trail . Its water access provided convenient transportation of goods , and the timber industry was a major force in the city 's early economy . At the turn of the 20th century , the city had a reputation as one of the most dangerous port cities in the world , a hub for organized crime and racketeering . After the city 's economy experienced an industrial boom during World War II , its hard-edged reputation began to dissipate . Beginning in the 1960s , Portland became noted for its growing progressive political values , earning it a reputation as a bastion of counterculture . The city operates with a commission-based government guided by a mayor and four commissioners as well as Metro , the only directly elected metropolitan planning organization in the United States .
USS Shamrock Bay ( CVE-84 ) was a Casablanca-class escort carrier of the United States Navy . She was laid down with the hull code ACV-84 on 15 March 1943 by the Kaiser Co. , Vancouver , Washington , under a Maritime Commission contract ( MC hull 1121 ) ; re-designated CVE-84 on 10 June 1943 ; launched on 4 February 1944 ; sponsored by Mrs. James R. Dudley ; and commissioned on 15 March 1944 , Captain Frank T. Ward , Jr. , in command .
The Kaiser Shipyards were seven major shipbuilding yards located on the United States west coast during World War II . Kaiser ranked 20th among U.S. corporations in the value of wartime production contracts . The shipyards were owned by the Kaiser Shipbuilding Company , a creation of American industrialist Henry J. Kaiser ( 1882-1967 ) , who established the shipbuilding company around 1939 in order to help meet the construction goals set by the United States Maritime Commission for merchant shipping . Four of the Kaiser Shipyards were located in Richmond , California , and were called the Richmond Shipyards . Three other shipyards were located in the Pacific Northwest along the Columbia and Willamette rivers : the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation and the Swan Island Shipyard in Portland , Oregon , and the Vancouver Shipyard in Vancouver , Washington . Henry Kaiser was known for developing new methods of ship building , which allowed his yards to outproduce other similar facilities and build 1,490 ships , 27 percent of the total Maritime Commission construction . Kaiser 's ships were completed in two-thirds the time and a quarter the cost of the average of all other shipyards . Liberty ships were typically assembled in a little over two weeks , and one in less than five days . Kaiser Shipyards shut down at the end of the war . The Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park was dedicated October 25 , 2000 on the site of one of the shipyards in Richmond .
Vancouver is a city on the north bank of the Columbia River in the U.S. state of Washington . It is the largest suburb of Portland , Oregon . Incorporated in 1857 , Vancouver had a population of 161,791 as of the 2010 U.S. census , making it the fourth-largest city in Washington state . Vancouver is the county seat of Clark County and forms part of the Portland-Vancouver metropolitan area , the 23rd largest metropolitan area in the United States . Originally established in 1825 around Fort Vancouver , a fur-trading outpost , the city is located on the Washington/Oregon border along the Columbia River , directly north of Portland . In 2005 , Money magazine named it No . 91 on its list of best places in America to live . In 2016 , WalletHub ranked Vancouver the 89th best place in the U.S. for families to live .
The Casablanca-class escort carrier were a series of escort carriers constructed for the United States Navy during World War II . They were the most numerous class of aircraft carriers ever built . Fifty were laid down , launched and commissioned within the space of less than two years - 3 November 1942 through to 8 July 1944 . These were nearly one third of the 151 carriers built in the United States during the war . Despite their numbers , and the preservation of more famous and larger carriers as museums , none of these modest ships survive today . Five were lost to enemy action during World War II and the remainder were scrapped . Casablanca was the first class to be designed from keel up as an escort carrier . It had a larger and more useful hangar deck than previous conversions . It also had a larger flight deck than the Bogue class . Unlike larger carriers which had extensive armor , protection was limited to splinter plating . Their small size made them useful for transporting assembled aircraft of various sizes , but fighters were limited to smaller and lighter aircraft such as the Grumman F4F Wildcat . The hull numbers were assigned consecutively , from CVE-55 Casablanca to CVE-104 Munda .
The Southeastern Shipbuilding Corporation was formed in Savannah , Georgia , during World War II to build Liberty ships .
Savannah ( /səˈvænə/ ) is the oldest city in the U.S. state of Georgia and is the county seat of Chatham County . Established in 1733 on the Savannah River , the city of Savannah became the British colonial capital of the Province of Georgia and later the first state capital of Georgia . A strategic port city in the American Revolution and during the American Civil War , Savannah is today an industrial center and an important Atlantic seaport . It is Georgia 's fifth-largest city , with a 2018 estimated population of 145,862 . The Savannah metropolitan area , Georgia 's third-largest , had an estimated population of 389,494 in 2018 . Each year Savannah attracts millions of visitors to its cobblestone streets , parks , and notable historic buildings . These buildings include the birthplace of Juliette Gordon Low ( founder of the Girl Scouts of the USA ) , the Georgia Historical Society ( the oldest continually operating historical society in the South ) , the Telfair Academy of Arts and Sciences ( one of the South 's first public museums ) , the First African Baptist Church ( one of the oldest African-American Baptist congregations in the United States ) , Temple Mickve Israel ( the third-oldest synagogue in the U.S. ) , and the Central of Georgia Railway roundhouse complex ( the oldest standing antebellum rail facility in the U.S. ) . Savannah 's downtown area , which includes the Savannah Historic District , the Savannah Victorian Historic District , and 22 parklike squares , is one of the largest National Historic Landmark Districts in the United States ( designated by the U.S. government in 1966 ) . [ a ] Downtown Savannah largely retains the original town plan prescribed by founder James Oglethorpe ( a design now known as the Oglethorpe Plan ) . Savannah was the host city for the sailing competitions during the 1996 Summer Olympics held in Atlanta .
USS Atlanta ( CL-104 ) of the United States Navy was a Cleveland-class light cruiser during World War II . She was the fourth Navy ship named after the city of Atlanta , Georgia . The ship was laid down on 25 January 1943 at Camden , New Jersey , by the New York Shipbuilding Corporation , launched on 6 February 1944 , sponsored by Margaret Mitchell ( author of Gone with the Wind , who also sponsored the previous Atlanta ( CL-51 ) ) , and commissioned on 3 December 1944 , Captain B. H. Colyear in command .
The New York Shipbuilding Corporation ( or New York Ship for short ) was an American shipbuilding company that operated from 1899 to 1968 , ultimately completing more than 500 vessels for the U.S. Navy , the United States Merchant Marine , the United States Coast Guard , and other maritime concerns . At its peak during World War II , NYSB was the largest and most productive shipyard in the world . [ citation needed ] Its best-known vessels include the destroyer USS Reuben James ( DD-245 ) , the cruiser USS Indianapolis ( CA-35 ) , the aircraft carrier USS Kitty Hawk ( CV-63 ) , the nuclear-powered cargo ship NS Savannah , and a quartet of cargo-passenger liners nicknamed the Four Aces .
Camden is a city and the county seat of Camden County , New Jersey , United States . Camden is located directly across the Delaware River from Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . At the 2010 U.S. Census , the city had a population of 77,344 . Camden is the 12th most populous municipality in New Jersey . The city was incorporated on February 13 , 1828 . Camden has been the county seat of Camden County since the county was formed on March 13 , 1844 . The city derives its name from Charles Pratt , 1st Earl Camden . Camden is made up of over twenty different neighborhoods . Beginning in the early 1900s , Camden was a consistently prosperous industrial city , and remained so throughout the Great Depression and World War II . During the 1950s , Camden manufacturers began gradually closing their factories and moving out of the city . With the loss of manufacturing jobs came a sharp population decline . The growth of the interstate highway system also played a large role in suburbanization , which resulted in white flight .
The Cleveland class was a group of light cruisers built for the U.S. Navy during World War II , and were the most numerous class of light cruisers ever built .
SS Benjamin H. Hill was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II . She was named after Benjamin H. Hill , a Confederate senator and later a US Representative , US senator from the state of Georgia .
J.A . Jones Construction was a heavy construction company headquartered in Charlotte , North Carolina . Operating internationally since the 1950s , it merged with Germany 's Philipp Holzmann AG in 1979 . In 2003 the company ceased operations due to the failure of its parent company .
Brunswick ( /ˈbrʌnzwɪk/ ) is a city in and the county seat of Glynn County , Georgia , United States . As the main urban and economic center of the state 's lower southeast , it is the second-largest urban area on the Georgia coast after Savannah and contains the Brunswick Old Town Historic District . British colonists settled the peninsula in 1738 as a buffer to Spanish Florida . It came under provincial [ clarification needed ] control in 1771 and was founded as Brunswick after the German duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg , the ancestral home of the House of Hanover . It was incorporated as a city in 1856 . Throughout its history , Brunswick has served as an important port city : in World War II , it served as a strategic military location with an operational base for escort blimps and a shipbuilding facility for the U.S. Maritime Commission . Brunswick supports a progressive economy largely based on tourism and logistics , with a metropolitan GDP of $ 3.9 billion . The Port of Brunswick handles approximately 10 percent of all U.S. roll-on/roll-off trade - third in the U.S. , behind the ports of Los Angeles and Newark . The headquarters of the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center is located 5 miles ( 8 km ) north of the central business district of the city and is adjacent to Brunswick Golden Isles Airport , which provides commercial air service to the area . In the 2010 U.S. census , the population of the city proper was 15,383 ; the urban area , 51,024 ; and the metropolitan area , 112,370 . Brunswick is located on a harbor of the Atlantic Ocean , approximately 40 mi ( 60 km ) north of Florida and 80 mi ( 130 km ) south of South Carolina . Brunswick is bordered on the west by Oglethorpe Bay , the East River , and the Turtle River .
USS Ticonderoga ( CV/CVA/CVS-14 ) was one of 24 Essex-class aircraft carriers built during World War II for the United States Navy . The ship was the fourth US Navy ship to bear the name , and was named after the capture of Fort Ticonderoga in the American Revolutionary War . Ticonderoga was commissioned in May 1944 , and served in several campaigns in the Pacific Theater of Operations , earning five battle stars . Decommissioned shortly after the end of the war , she was modernized and recommissioned in the early 1950s as an attack carrier ( CVA ) , and then eventually became an antisubmarine carrier ( CVS ) . She was recommissioned too late to participate in the Korean War , but was very active in the Vietnam War , earning three Navy Unit Commendations , one Meritorious Unit Commendation , and 12 battle stars . Ticonderoga differed somewhat from the earlier Essex-class ships in that she was 16 ft ( 4.9 m ) longer to accommodate bow-mounted anti-aircraft guns . Most subsequent Essex-class carriers were completed to this long-hull design and were apparently referred to as the Ticonderoga class . At the end of her career , after a number of modifications , she was said to be in the Hancock class according to the Naval vessel register . Ticonderoga was decommissioned in 1973 and sold for scrap in 1975 .
Newport News Shipbuilding ( NNS ) , a division of Huntington Ingalls Industries , is the largest industrial employer in Virginia , and sole designer , builder and refueler of United States Navy aircraft carriers and one of two providers of U.S. Navy submarines . Founded as the Chesapeake Dry Dock and Construction Co. in 1886 , Newport News Shipbuilding has built more than 800 ships , including both naval and commercial ships . Located in the city of Newport News , its facilities span more than 550 acres ( 2.2 km2 ) , strategically positioned in one of the great harbors of the East Coast . The shipyard is a major employer , not only for the lower Virginia Peninsula , but also portions of Hampton Roads south of the James River and the harbor , portions of the Middle Peninsula region , and even some northeastern counties of North Carolina . The shipyard is building the aircraft carriers USS John F. Kennedy ( CVN-79 ) and USS Enterprise ( CVN-80 ) . In 2013 , Newport News Shipbuilding began the deactivation of the first nuclear-powered aircraft carrier , USS Enterprise ( CVN-65 ) , which it also built . Newport News Shipbuilding also performs refueling and complex overhaul ( RCOH ) work on Nimitz-class aircraft carriers . This is a four-year vessel renewal program that not only involves refueling of the vessel 's nuclear reactors but also includes modernization work . The yard has completed RCOH for four Nimitz-class carriers ( USS Nimitz , USS Dwight D. Eisenhower , USS Carl Vinson and USS Theodore Roosevelt ) . As of May 2016 this work was underway for the fifth Nimitz-class vessel , USS Abraham Lincoln . As of November 2017 this work was underway for the sixth Nimitz-class vessel , USS George Washington .
Newport News is an independent city in the U.S. state of Virginia . As of the 2010 census , the population was 180,719 . In 2018 , the population was estimated to be 178,626 , making it the fifth-most populous city in Virginia . Newport News is included in the Hampton Roads metropolitan area . It is at the southeastern end of the Virginia Peninsula , on the northern shore of the James River extending southeast from Skiffe 's Creek along many miles of waterfront to the river 's mouth at Newport News Point on the harbor of Hampton Roads . The area now known as Newport News was once a part of Warwick County . Warwick County was one of the eight original shires of Virginia , formed by the House of Burgesses in the British Colony of Virginia by order of King Charles I in 1634 . The county was largely composed of farms and undeveloped land until almost 250 years later . [ citation needed ] In 1881 , fifteen years of rapid development began under the leadership of Collis P. Huntington , whose new Peninsula Extension of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway from Richmond opened up means of transportation along the Peninsula and provided a new pathway for the railroad to bring West Virginia bituminous coal to port for coastal shipping and worldwide export . With the new railroad came a terminal and coal piers where the colliers were loaded . Within a few years , Huntington and his associates also built a large shipyard . In 1896 , the new incorporated town of Newport News , which had briefly replaced Denbigh as the county seat of Warwick County , had a population of 9,000 .
The Essex class was a class of aircraft carriers of the United States Navy . The 20th century 's most numerous class of capital ship , the class consisted of 24 vessels , which came in short-hull and long-hull versions . Thirty-two ships were ordered , but as World War II wound down , six were canceled before construction , and two were canceled after construction had begun . No Essex-class ships were lost to enemy action even though several sustained crippling damage . The Essex-class carriers were the backbone of the U.S. Navy 's combat strength during World War II from mid-1943 on , and , along with the three Midway-class carriers added just after the war , continued to be the heart of U.S. naval strength until the supercarriers came into the fleet in numbers during the 1960s and 1970s .
SS Andrew Turnbull was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II . She was named after Andrew Turnbull , a Scottish physician who later served as a British Consul at Smyrna , then part of the Ottoman Empire , in what is now Turkey . In 1768 , he organized the largest attempt at British colonization in the New World by founding New Smyrna , Florida , named in honor of his wife 's birthplace .
The St. Johns River Shipbuilding Company was created in Jacksonville , Florida , during World War II to build Liberty ships .
Jacksonville is the most populous city in Florida as well as the southeastern United States , and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States . It is the seat of Duval County , with which the city government consolidated in 1968 . Consolidation gave Jacksonville its great size and placed most of its metropolitan population within the city limits . As of 2018 , Jacksonville 's population was estimated to be 903,889 . The Jacksonville metropolitan area has a population of 1,523,615 and is the fourth largest metropolitan area in Florida . Jacksonville is centered on the banks of the St. Johns River in the First Coast region of northeast Florida , about 25 miles ( 40 km ) south of the Georgia state line and 328 miles ( 528 km ) north of Miami . The Jacksonville Beaches communities are along the adjacent Atlantic coast . The area was originally inhabited by the Timucua people , and in 1564 was the site of the French colony of Fort Caroline , one of the earliest European settlements in what is now the continental United States . Under British rule , a settlement grew at the narrow point in the river where cattle crossed , known as Wacca Pilatka to the Seminole and the Cow Ford to the British . A platted town was established there in 1822 , a year after the United States gained Florida from Spain ; it was named after Andrew Jackson , the first military governor of the Florida Territory and seventh President of the United States . Harbor improvements since the late 19th century have made Jacksonville a major military and civilian deep-water port . Its riverine location facilitates Naval Station Mayport , Naval Air Station Jacksonville , the U.S. Marine Corps Blount Island Command , and the Port of Jacksonville , Florida 's third largest seaport .