List of awards named after people
C
Table:
Award

Named after

Field

Achievement

Source

Caccioppoli Prize

Renato Caccioppoli

Mathematics

Outstanding achievement by an Italian mathematician no older than 38

Caldecott Medal

Randolph Caldecott

Literature

Most distinguished American picture book for children

Calder Cup

Frank Calder

Ice hockey

American Hockey League championship trophy

Calder Memorial Trophy

Frank Calder

Ice hockey

Rookie of the year in the National Hockey League

Camões Prize

Luís de Camões

Literature

Outstanding work in the Portuguese language

Clarence S. Campbell Bowl

Clarence Campbell

Ice hockey

NHL Western Conference championship trophy

John J. Carty Award for the Advancement of Science

John J. Carty

Science

"Noteworthy and distinguished accomplishments in any field of science within the charter of the Academy" (i.e., the National Academy of Sciences in the U.S.)

Miguel de Cervantes Prize

Miguel de Cervantes

Literature

Outstanding lifetime achievement by a Spanish-language writer

Chappell–Hadlee Trophy

The Chappell brothers (Ian, Gregory, and Trevor) and the Hadlee family (father Walter and sons Barry, Dayle, and Sir Richard)

Cricket

Challenge trophy contested in annual ODI series between Australia and New Zealand

R. K. Cho Economics Prize

R. K. Cho

Economics

Contributions to the development of scholarship and education

[5]

Agatha Award

Agatha Christie

Mystery fiction

Agatha Christie Award (Japan)

Agatha Christie

Mystery fiction

Clive Churchill Medal

Clive Churchill

Rugby league football

Best and fairest player in the National Rugby League's Grand Final

King Clancy Memorial Trophy

King Clancy

Ice hockey

Outstanding leadership and exceptional humanitarian contributions by an NHL player

Clarkson Cup

Adrienne Clarkson

Ice hockey

Canadian National Women's Hockey Championship trophy

Roger Clemens Award

Roger Clemens

Baseball

Outstanding pitcher in NCAA Division I baseball

Roberto Clemente Award

Roberto Clemente

Baseball

Major League Baseball player who "best exemplifies the game of baseball, sportsmanship, community involvement and the individual's contribution to his team"

David Cohen Prize

David and Victoria Cohen

Literature

Outstanding body of work by a British citizen writing in English

Lionel Conacher Award

Lionel Conacher

Sports

Canadian male athlete of the year throughout all sports

Tony Conigliaro Award

Tony Conigliaro

Baseball

Major League Baseball player who best overcomes extreme physical or emotional adversity

Using the provided table and the context paragraphs listed.

Respond to the question below: The award first presented to the Syracuse Stars in 1937 is named after a Canadian born in England when ? Provide just your answer in a JSON object {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Use only the information given.

The Caccioppoli Prize is awarded by the Italian Mathematical Union to an Italian mathematician not exceeding the age of 38 who established a wide international reputation . The prize is entitled to the memory of the Italian mathematician Renato Caccioppoli and is awarded on the occasion of the Italian Mathematical Union conference every four years . In its early stages the prize was awarded every two years . The recipient currently receives 10,000 euros . Further prizes of the Italian Mathematical Union are the Bartolozzi Prize , the Stampacchia Medal and the Vinti Prize .
Renato Caccioppoli ( Italian : [ reˈnaːto katˈtʃɔppoli ] ; 20 January 1904 - 8 May 1959 ) was an Italian mathematician , known for his contributions to mathematical analysis , including the theory of functions of several complex variables , functional analysis , measure theory .
The Randolph Caldecott Medal annually recognizes the preceding year 's most distinguished American picture book for children , beginning with 1937 publications . It is awarded to the illustrator by the Association for Library Service to Children ( ALSC ) , a division of the American Library Association ( ALA ) . The Caldecott and Newbery Medals are the most prestigious American children 's book awards . Beside the Caldecott Medal , the committee awards a variable number of citations to worthy runners-up , called the Caldecott Honors or Caldecott Honor Books . The Honor was introduced in 1971 , but some runners-up had been identified annually and all those runners-up were retroactively named Caldecott Honor Books . The number of Honors or runners-up had always been one to five , and it had been two to four since 1994 , until five were named in 2013 and six in 2015 . The Honor Books must be a subset of the runners-up on the final ballot , either the leading runners-up on that ballot or the leaders on one further ballot that excludes the winner .
Randolph Caldecott ( /ˈkɔːldəˌkɑːt/ ; 22 March 1846 - 12 February 1886 ) was an English artist and illustrator , born in Chester . The Caldecott Medal was named in his honour . He exercised his art chiefly in book illustrations . His abilities as an artist were promptly and generously recognised by the Royal Academy . Caldecott greatly influenced illustration of children 's books during the nineteenth century . Two books illustrated by him , priced at a shilling each , were published every Christmas for eight years . Caldecott also illustrated novels and accounts of foreign travel , made humorous drawings depicting hunting and fashionable life , drew cartoons and he made sketches of the Houses of Parliament inside and out , and exhibited sculptures and paintings in oil and watercolour in the Royal Academy and galleries .
A picture book combines visual and verbal narratives in a book format , most often aimed at young children . With the narrative told primarily through text , they are distinct from comics , which do so primarily through sequential images . The images in picture books are commonly produced in a range of media , such as oil paints , acrylics , watercolor , and pencil , among others . Two of the earliest works in the format of modern picture books are Heinrich Hoffmann 's Struwwelpeter from 1845 and Beatrix Potter 's The Tale of Peter Rabbit from 1902 . Some of the best-known picture books are Robert McCloskey 's Make Way for Ducklings , Dr. Seuss ' The Cat In The Hat , and Maurice Sendak 's Where the Wild Things Are . The Caldecott Medal ( established 1938 ) and Kate Greenaway Medal ( established 1955 ) are awarded annually for illustrations in children 's literature . Since the mid-1960s , several children 's literature awards have included a category for picture books .
The Calder Cup is the trophy awarded annually to the playoff champions of the American Hockey League . It is the oldest continuously awarded professional ice hockey playoff trophy , as it has been annually presented since the 1936-37 season . [ N 1 ] The Calder Cup was first presented in 1937 to the Syracuse Stars . [ N 2 ] The trophy is named after Frank Calder , who was the first president of the National Hockey League . The Calder Memorial Trophy , which is awarded annually to the Rookie of the Year in the National Hockey League , was also named after Calder . The cup is made of sterling silver mounted on a base of Brazilian mahogany . In its current shape , the trophy has a two-tiered square base with commemorative plaques for each of the AHL 's 20 most recent champions - 12 on the bottom tier and 8 on the top tier . Each time a new championship plaque is added , the oldest plaque is retired and joins a display at the Hockey Hall of Fame in Toronto . The Hershey Bears have won the Cup more times than any other team , with eleven victories in franchise history . The Cleveland Barons come in second with nine ; the Springfield Indians/Kings are third with seven . Eight teams have won back-to-back championships ; the Springfield Indians of 1960-62 is the only team to have won three straight Calder Cup championships . On three occasions an AHL club has won the Calder Cup coincidentally with its NHL affiliate winning the Stanley Cup : in 1976 and 1977 when the Montreal Canadiens and their AHL affiliate , the Nova Scotia Voyageurs both won , and in 1995 , when the New Jersey Devils and Albany River Rats both won .
Frank Sellick Calder ( November 17 , 1877 - February 4 , 1943 ) was a British-born Canadian ice hockey executive , journalist , and athlete . Calder was the first president of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) , from 1917 until his death in 1943 . He was the last president of the NHL 's predecessor league , the National Hockey Association ( NHA ) , and was instrumental in the transition from the NHA to the NHL , a transition made to expel a franchise owner . He presided over the expansion of the NHL from Canada into the United States , while at the same time fending off rivals to the NHL 's status as the premier North American ice hockey league .
The American Hockey League ( AHL ) is a professional ice hockey league based in the United States and Canada that serves as the primary developmental league for the National Hockey League ( NHL ) . Since the 2010-11 season , every team in the league has an affiliation agreement with one NHL team . When NHL teams do not have an AHL affiliate , players are assigned to AHL teams affiliated with other NHL teams . Twenty-seven AHL teams are located in the United States and the remaining four are in Canada . The league offices are located in Springfield , Massachusetts , and its current president is David Andrews . In general , a player must be at least 18 years of age to play in the AHL or not currently be beholden to a junior ice hockey team . The league limits the number of experienced professional players on a team 's active roster during any given game ; only five skaters can have accumulated four full seasons of play or more at the professional level ( goaltenders are exempt from this rule and can stay in the AHL indefinitely without being subject to this cap ) . The AHL allows for practice squad contracts . The annual playoff champion is awarded the Calder Cup , named for Frank Calder , the first President ( 1917-1943 ) of the NHL . The reigning champions are the Charlotte Checkers .
The Calder Memorial Trophy is an annual award given to the player selected as the most proficient in his first year of competition in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) . It is named after Frank Calder , the first president of the NHL . Serving as the NHL 's Rookie of the Year award , this version of the trophy has been awarded since its creation for the 1936-37 NHL season . The voting is conducted by members of the Professional Hockey Writers ' Association at the conclusion of each regular season to determine the winner .
The National Hockey League ( NHL ; French : Ligue nationale de hockey - LNH ) is a professional ice hockey league in North America , currently comprising 31 teams : 24 in the United States and 7 in Canada . The NHL is considered to be the premier professional ice hockey league in the world , and one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada . The Stanley Cup , the oldest professional sports trophy in North America , is awarded annually to the league playoff champion at the end of each season . The National Hockey League was organized on November 26 , 1917 , at the Windsor Hotel in Montreal after the suspension of operations of its predecessor organization , the National Hockey Association ( NHA ) , which had been founded in 1909 in Renfrew , Ontario . The NHL immediately took the NHA 's place as one of the leagues that contested for the Stanley Cup in an annual interleague competition before a series of league mergers and foldings left the NHL as the only league left competing for the Stanley Cup in 1926 . At its inception , the NHL had four teams - all in Canada , thus the adjective National in the league 's name . The league expanded to the United States in 1924 , when the Boston Bruins joined , and has since consisted of American and Canadian teams . From 1942 to 1967 , the league had only six teams , collectively ( if not contemporaneously ) nicknamed the Original Six . The NHL added six new teams to double its size at the 1967 NHL expansion . The league then increased to 18 teams by 1974 and 21 teams in 1979 . Between 1991 and 2000 , the NHL further expanded to 30 teams . It added its 31st team in 2017 and has approved the addition of a 32nd team in 2021 .
The Camões Prize ( Portuguese , Prémio Camões , Portuguese pronunciation : [ ˈpɾɛmju kaˈmõĩ̯ʃ ] ) , named after Luís de Camões , is the most important prize for literature in the Portuguese language . It is awarded annually by the Portuguese Direção-Geral do Livro , dos Arquivos e das Biblioteca ( National Book , Archive an Libraries Department ) and the Brazilian Fundação Biblioteca Nacional ( National Library Foundation ) to the author of an outstanding oeuvre of work written in Portuguese . The monetary award is of €100,000 , making it among the richest literary prizes in the world .
Luís Vaz de Camões ( Portuguese pronunciation : [ luˈiʒ ˈvaʒ dɨ kaˈmõjʃ ] ; sometimes rendered in English as Camoens or Camoëns , e.g . by Byron in English Bards and Scotch Reviewers , /ˈkæm oʊˌənz/ ; c. 1524 or 1525 - 20 June [ O.S . 10 June ] 1580 ) is considered Portugal 's and the Portuguese language 's greatest poet . His mastery of verse has been compared to that of Shakespeare , Vondel , Homer , Virgil and Dante . He wrote a considerable amount of lyrical poetry and drama but is best remembered for his epic work Os Lusíadas ( The Lusiads ) . His collection of poetry The Parnasum of Luís de Camões was lost in his lifetime . The influence of his masterpiece Os Lusíadas is so profound that Portuguese is sometimes called the language of Camões .
Portuguese ( português or , in full , língua portuguesa ) is a Western Romance language originating in the Iberian Peninsula . It is the sole official language of Portugal , Brazil , Cape Verde , Guinea-Bissau , Mozambique , Angola and São Tomé and Príncipe . It also has co-official language status in East Timor , Equatorial Guinea and Chinese Macau . As the result of expansion during colonial times , a cultural presence of Portuguese and Portuguese creole speakers are also found in Goa , Daman and Diu in India ; in Batticaloa on the east coast of Sri Lanka ; in the Indonesian island of Flores ; in the Malacca state of Malaysia ; and the ABC islands in the Caribbean where Papiamento is spoken , while Cape Verdean Creole is the most widely spoken Portuguese-based Creole . A Portuguese-speaking person or nation is referred to as Lusophone ( Lusófono ) . Portuguese is part of the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia and the County of Portugal , and has kept some Celtic phonology and lexicon . With approximately 215 to 220 million native speakers and 250 million total speakers , Portuguese is usually listed as the sixth most natively spoken language in the world , the third-most spoken European language in the world in terms of native speakers , and the most spoken language in the Southern Hemisphere . It is also the second-most spoken language , after Spanish , in South America and all of Latin America , one of the 10 most spoken languages in Africa and is an official language of the European Union , Mercosur , OAS , ECOWAS and the African Union . The Community of Portuguese Language Countries is an international organization made up of all of the world 's officially Lusophone nations .
The Clarence S. Campbell Bowl , or simply the Campbell Bowl , is a National Hockey League trophy awarded to the Western Conference playoff champions . It is named after Clarence Campbell , who served as President of the NHL from 1946-47 to 1976-77 . The trophy itself is constructed of sterling silver , crafted in 1878 . The St. Louis Blues are the current holders of the trophy , after defeating the San Jose Sharks in the 2019 Western Conference Finals .
Clarence Sutherland Campbell , OBE QC ( July 9 , 1905 - June 24 , 1984 ) was the third president of the National Hockey League from 1946 to 1977 . The NHL 's Clarence S. Campbell Bowl is named for him .
The Western Conference ( French : Conférence de l'Ouest ) is one of two conferences in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) used to divide teams . Its counterpart is the Eastern Conference . Previously known as the Clarence Campbell Conference ( or Campbell Conference for short ) , it was created in 1974 when the NHL realigned its teams into two conferences and four divisions . Because the new conferences and divisions had little to do with North American geography , geographical references were removed . The conferences and divisions were re-aligned in 1981 to better reflect the geographical locations of the teams , but the existing names were retained with the Campbell Conference becoming the conference for the NHL 's westernmost teams . The names of conferences and divisions were changed in 1993 to reflect their geographic locations . Then-new NHL commissioner Gary Bettman made the change to help non-hockey fans better understand the game , as the National Basketball Association , National Football League , and Major League Baseball all use geographic-based names for their conferences and divisions . However , the trophy awarded to the conference champion , the Clarence S. Campbell Bowl , retains some connection to the heritage of the league . In 2005 , following the lockout , the league changed the Western Conference logo ( along with the Eastern Conference and NHL logos ) to its current form .
The John J. Carty Award for the Advancement of Science is awarded by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences for noteworthy and distinguished accomplishments in any field of science within the charter of the Academy . Established by the American Telephone and Telegraph Company ( AT & T ) and first awarded in 1932 , the medal has been awarded in specific fields since 1961 . The recipient is awarded a $ 25,000 prize . It is named after John J. Carty , an American electrical engineer who worked at AT & T .
John Joseph Carty ( April 14 , 1861 - December 27 , 1932 ) was an American electrical engineer and a major contributor to the development of telephone wires and related technology . He was a recipient of the Edison Medal . As Chief Engineer of AT & T , he was instrumental in the development of the first transcontinental telephone line . Carty was president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers from 1915 to 1916 .
The National Academy of Sciences ( NAS ) is a United States nonprofit , non-governmental organization . NAS is part of the National Academies of Sciences , Engineering , and Medicine , along with the National Academy of Engineering ( NAE ) and the National Academy of Medicine ( NAM ) . As a national academy , new members of the organization are elected annually by current members , based on their distinguished and continuing achievements in original research . Election to the National Academy is one of the highest honors in the scientific field . Members of the National Academy of Sciences serve pro bono as advisers to the nation on science , engineering , and medicine . The group holds a congressional charter under Title 36 of the United States Code . Founded in 1863 as a result of an Act of Congress that was approved by Abraham Lincoln , the NAS is charged with providing independent , objective advice to the nation on matters related to science and technology . … to provide scientific advice to the government 'whenever called upon ' by any government department . The Academy receives no compensation from the government for its services .
The Miguel de Cervantes Prize ( Spanish : Premio de Literatura en Lengua Castellana Miguel de Cervantes ) is awarded annually to honour the lifetime achievement of an outstanding writer in the Spanish language .
Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra [ b ] ( /sɜːrˈvæntiːz/ sur-VAN-teez , Spanish : [ miˈɣel de θeɾˈβantes saaˈβeðɾa ] ; 29 September 1547 ( assumed ) - 22 April 1616 NS ) was a Spanish writer who is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the Spanish language and one of the world 's pre-eminent novelists . His novel Don Quixote has been translated into over 140 languages and dialects ; it is , after the Bible , the most-translated book in the world . Don Quixote , a classic of Western literature , is sometimes considered both the first modern novel and the best work of fiction ever written . Cervantes ' influence on the Spanish language has been so great that the language is often called la lengua de Cervantes ( the language of Cervantes ) . He has also been dubbed El príncipe de los ingenios ( The Prince of Wits ) . In 1569 , in forced exile from Castile , Cervantes moved to Rome , where he worked as chamber assistant of a cardinal . Then he enlisted as a soldier in a Spanish Navy infantry regiment and continued his military life until 1575 , when he was captured by Barbary pirates . After five years of captivity , he was released on payment of a ransom by his parents and the Trinitarians , a Catholic religious order , and he returned to his family in Madrid . In 1585 , Cervantes published La Galatea , a pastoral novel . He worked as a purchasing agent for the Spanish Armada and later as a tax collector for the government . In 1597 , discrepancies in his accounts for three years previous landed him in the Crown Jail of Seville . In 1605 , Cervantes was in Valladolid when the immediate success of the first part of his Don Quixote , published in Madrid , signalled his return to the literary world .
Spanish ( /ˈspænɪʃ/ ( listen ) ; español ( help·info ) ) , or Castilian ( /kæˈstɪliən/ ( listen ) , castellano ( help·info ) ) , is a Romance language that originated in the Iberian Peninsula and today has over 483 million native speakers , mainly in Spain and the Americas . It is a global language , the world 's second-most spoken native language , after Mandarin Chinese , and the world 's fourth-most spoken language , after Mandarin Chinese , English and Hindi . Spanish is a part of the Ibero-Romance group of languages , which evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in Iberia after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century . The oldest Latin texts with traces of Spanish come from mid-northern Iberia in the 9th century , and the first systematic written use of the language happened in Toledo , a prominent city of the Kingdom of Castile , in the 13th century . Beginning in 1492 , the Spanish language was taken to the viceroyalties of the Spanish Empire , most notably to the Americas , as well as territories in Africa , Oceania and the Philippines . A 1949 study by Italian-American linguist Mario Pei , analyzing the degree of difference from a language 's parent ( Latin , in the case of Romance languages ) by comparing phonology , inflection , syntax , vocabulary , and intonation , indicated the following percentages ( the higher the percentage , the greater the distance from Latin ) : In the case of Spanish , it is one of the closest Romance languages to Latin ( 20% distance ) , only behind Sardinian ( 8% distance ) and Italian ( 12% distance ) . Around 75% of modern Spanish vocabulary is derived from Latin , including Latin borrowings from Ancient Greek . Spanish vocabulary has been in contact with Arabic from an early date , having developed during the Al-Andalus era in the Iberian Peninsula . With around 8% of its vocabulary being Arabic in origin , this language makes up the second greatest vocabulary source after Latin itself . It has also been influenced by Basque , Iberian , Celtiberian , Visigothic , and by neighboring Ibero-Romance languages . Additionally , it has absorbed vocabulary from other languages , particularly other Romance languages - French , Italian , Andalusi Romance , Portuguese , Galician , Catalan , Occitan , and Sardinian - as well as from Quechua , Nahuatl , and other indigenous languages of the Americas . Spanish is one of the six official languages of the United Nations .
The Chappell-Hadlee Trophy in cricket is a One Day International cricket series between Australia and New Zealand . It is named after legendary cricketing families from the two countries : the Chappell brothers ( Ian , Gregory , and Trevor ) of Australia and Walter Hadlee and his three sons ( Barry , Dayle and Sir Richard ) of New Zealand . The trophy is currently held by New Zealand , after they defeated Australia 2-0 in the 2016-17 Chappell-Hadlee Trophy . Australia have recorded five series wins to New Zealand 's four . The trophy was contested annually from 2004-05 until 2009-10 as a three- or five-match series , and as a one-match series during the group stage of the World Cups in 2011 and 2015 . Although the 2015 Cricket World Cup Final was also contested between the same teams , that game was not considered to be a part of this trophy . The 2017-18 edition was replaced with the 2017-18 Trans-Tasman Tri-Series , but the series is expected to go ahead as planned in New Zealand in 2018-19 .
Ian Michael Chappell ( born 26 September 1943 ) is a former cricketer who played for South Australia and Australia . He captained Australia between 1971 and 1975 before taking a central role in the breakaway World Series Cricket organisation . Born into a cricketing family - his grandfather and brother also captained Australia - Chappell made a hesitant start to international cricket playing as a right-hand middle-order batsman and spin bowler . He found his niche when promoted to bat at number three . Known as Chappelli , he earned a reputation as one of the greatest captains the game has seen . Chappell 's blunt verbal manner led to a series of confrontations with opposition players and cricket administrators ; the issue of sledging first arose during his tenure as captain , and he was a driving force behind the professionalisation of Australian cricket in the 1970s . John Arlott called him a cricketer of effect rather than the graces . An animated presence at the batting crease , he constantly adjusted his equipment and clothing , and restlessly tapped his bat on the ground as the bowler ran in . Basing his game on a sound defence learned during many hours of childhood lessons , Chappell employed the drive and square cut to full effect . He had an idiosyncratic method of playing back and across to a ball of full length and driving wide of mid-on , but his trademark shot was the hook , famously saying three bouncers an over should be worth 12 runs to me . A specialist slip fielder , he was the fourth player to take one hundred Test catches . Since his retirement in 1980 , he has pursued a high-profile career as a sports journalist and cricket commentator , predominantly with Channel Nine .
Gregory Stephen Chappell MBE ( born 7 August 1948 ) is a former cricketer who represented Australia at international level in both Tests and One-Day Internationals ( ODI ) . The second of three brothers to play Test cricket , Chappell was the pre-eminent Australian batsman of his time who allied elegant stroke making to fierce concentration . An exceptional all round player who bowled medium pace and , at his retirement , held the world record for the most catches in Test cricket , Chappell 's career straddled two eras as the game moved toward a greater level of professionalism after the WSC schism . Since his retirement as a player in 1984 , Chappell has pursued various business and media interests as well as maintaining connections to professional cricket ; he has been a selector for national and Queensland teams , a member of the Australian Cricket Board , and a coach .
Trevor Martin Chappell ( born 12 October 1952 , Glenelg , South Australia ) is a former Australian cricketer , a member of the South Australian Chappell family which excelled at cricket . He played 3 tests and 20 One Day Internationals for Australia . He won the Sheffield Shield with New South Wales twice , and scored a century for Australia against India in the 1983 World Cup . His career was overshadowed , however , by an incident in 1981 in which he bowled an underarm delivery to New Zealand cricketer Brian McKechnie to stop the batsman from hitting a six . After retiring from first class cricket in 1986 , Chappell went on to become fielding coach for the Sri Lanka cricket team in 1996 , and in 2001 became coach of the Bangladesh cricket team . He used to be the national coach of the Singapore cricket team .
Walter Arnold Hadlee CBE ( 4 June 1915 - 29 September 2006 ) was a New Zealand cricketer and Test match captain . He played domestic first-class cricket for Canterbury and Otago . Three of his five sons , Sir Richard , Dayle and Barry played cricket for New Zealand . The Chappell-Hadlee Trophy , which is competed for by Test teams from New Zealand and Australia is named in honour of the Hadlee family and the Australian Chappell family . Hadlee captained one of New Zealand 's most highly regarded teams , the 1949 side which toured England in an era when New Zealand had yet to win a Test . As an administrator , he guided New Zealand cricket in the mid-1970s during years of increasing professionalism , the Kerry Packer threat and the sporting boycott of South Africa . He was awarded the Bert Sutcliffe Medal in 2001 .
Barry George Hadlee ( born 14 December 1941 ) is a former cricketer from New Zealand . He was a right-handed opening batsman . In a first-class career lasting from 1961-62 to 1980-81 , he represented Canterbury 84 times .
Dayle Robert Hadlee ( born 6 January 1948 ) is a New Zealand former cricketer who played in 26 Tests and 11 ODIs from 1969 to 1978 . He is the son of Walter Hadlee , the older brother of Sir Richard Hadlee and the younger brother of Barry Hadlee .
Sir Richard John Hadlee MBE ( born 3 July 1951 ) is a New Zealand former cricketer , regarded as one of the greatest fast bowlers and all-rounders in cricketing history . Hadlee was appointed MBE in 1980 and knighted in 1990 for services to cricket . He is a former chairman of the New Zealand board of selectors . In December 2002 , he was chosen by Wisden as the second greatest Test bowler of all time . In March 2009 , Hadlee was commemorated as one of the Twelve Local Heroes , and a bronze bust of him was unveiled outside the Christchurch Arts Centre . On 3 April 2009 , Sir Richard Hadlee was inducted into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame . Sir Richard is the most prominent member of the Hadlee cricket playing family .
A One Day International ( ODI ) is a form of limited overs cricket , played between two teams with international status , in which each team faces a fixed number of overs , usually 50 . The Cricket World Cup , generally held every four years , is played in this format . One Day International matches are also called Limited Overs Internationals ( LOI ) , although this generic term may also refer to Twenty20 International matches . They are major matches and considered the highest standard of List A , limited overs competition . The international one day game is a late-twentieth-century development . The first ODI was played on 5 January 1971 between Australia and England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground . When the first three days of the third Test were washed out officials decided to abandon the match and , instead , play a one-off one day game consisting of 40 eight-ball overs per side . Australia won the game by 5 wickets . ODIs were played in white coloured kits with a red coloured ball . In the late 1970s , Kerry Packer established the rival World Series Cricket competition , and it introduced many of the features of One Day International cricket that are now commonplace , including coloured uniforms , matches played at night under floodlights with a white ball and dark sight screens , and , for television broadcasts , multiple camera angles , effects microphones to capture sounds from the players on the pitch , and on-screen graphics . The first of the matches with coloured uniforms was the WSC Australians in wattle gold versus WSC West Indians in coral pink , played at VFL Park in Melbourne on 17 January 1979 . This led not only to Packer 's Channel 9 getting the TV rights to cricket in Australia but also led to players worldwide being paid to play , and becoming international professionals , no longer needing jobs outside cricket .
The Australian men 's national cricket team represents Australia in men 's international cricket . As one of the oldest teams in Test cricket history , playing in the first ever Test match in 1877 , the team also plays One-Day International ( ODI ) and Twenty20 International ( T20I ) cricket , participating in both the first ODI , against England in the 1970-71 season and the first T20I , against New Zealand in the 2004-05 season , winning both games . The team draws its players from teams playing in the Australian domestic competitions - the Sheffield Shield , the Australian domestic limited-overs cricket tournament and the Big Bash League . The national team has played 830 Test matches , winning 393 , losing 224 , drawing 211 and tying 2 . As of February 2020 [ update ] , Australia is ranked second in the ICC Test Championship on 108 rating points . Australia is the most successful team in Test cricket history , in terms of overall wins , win-loss ratio and wins percentage . The Australian cricket team has played 942 ODI matches , winning 573 , losing 326 , tying 9 and with 34 ending in a no-result . As of January 2020 [ update ] , Australia is ranked fifth in the ICC ODI Championship on 110 rating points , though have been ranked first for 141 of 185 months since its introduction in 2002 . Australia is the most successful team in ODI cricket history , winning more than 60 per cent of their matches . Australia have made a record seven World Cup final appearances ( 1975 , 1987 , 1996 , 1999 , 2003 , 2007 and 2015 ) and have won the World Cup a record five times : 1987 , 1999 , 2003 , 2007 and 2015 . Australia is the first team to appear in four consecutive World Cup finals ( 1996 , 1999 , 2003 and 2007 ) , surpassing the old record of three consecutive World Cup appearances by the West Indies ( 1975 , 1979 and 1983 ) and the first team to win 3 consecutive World Cups ( 1999 , 2003 and 2007 ) . The team was undefeated in 34 consecutive World Cup matches until the 2011 Cricket World Cup where Pakistan beat them by 4 wickets in the Quarter-final .
The New Zealand national cricket team represents New Zealand in men 's international cricket . Nicknamed the Black Caps , they played their first Test in 1930 against England in Christchurch , becoming the fifth country to play Test cricket . From 1930 New Zealand had to wait until 1956 , more than 26 years , for its first Test victory , against the West Indies at Eden Park in Auckland . They played their first ODI in the 1972-73 season against Pakistan in Christchurch . The current captain in all formats of the game is Kane Williamson , who replaced Brendon McCullum after the latter 's retirement in December 2015 . The national team is organised by New Zealand Cricket . The New Zealand cricket team became known as the Black Caps in January 1998 , after its sponsor at the time , Clear Communications , held a competition to choose a name for the team . This is one of many national team nicknames related to the All Blacks . As of 8 September 2019 , New Zealand have played 1324 international matches , winning 505 , losing 599 , tying 12 and drawing 165 matches while 43 matches ended as no result . The team is ranked 2nd in Tests , 3rd in ODIs and 6th in T20Is by the ICC . New Zealand defeated South Africa in the semi final of the 2015 World Cup , which was their first win in the a world cup semi final and hence they made their maiden appearance in a World Cup Final , but they ultimately lost to Trans-Tasman rivals Australia . In the next World Cup in 2019 , New Zealand again reached the final which they lost to the hosts England on boundary count after the match and the subsequent Super Over both ended as ties .
The R. K. Cho Economics Prize is awarded by Yonsei University in Seoul , South Korea to scholars in the field of economics who have contributed to the development of scholarship and education . As of 2018 , the prize includes a plaque , a medal , and a monetary award of ₩100 million . It was established in 2007 with an endowment from R. K. Cho , the president of Samryoong Co. ( KRX : 014970 ) and an alumnus of Yonsei University 's economics department . Cho was motivated to create the award after seeing the results of his prior humanities-focused donations to Yonsei University , and hoped the prize could help to connect students of his alma mater and famous South Korean economists overseas . Originally awarded only to South Korean citizens , in 2015 the prize was opened to foreign scholars as well .
The Agatha Awards , named for Agatha Christie , are literary awards for mystery and crime writers who write in the cozy mystery subgenre ( i.e . closed setting , no sex or violence , amateur detective ) . At an annual convention in Washington , D.C. , the Agatha Awards are handed out by Malice Domestic Ltd , in six categories : Best Novel ; Best First Mystery ; Best Historical Novel ; Best Short Story ; Best Non-Fiction ; Best Children's/Young Adult Mystery . Additionally , in some years the Poirot Award is presented to honor individuals other than writers who have made outstanding contributions to the mystery genre , but it is not an annual award . Malice Domestic Ltd was established in 1989 , and was incorporated in 1992 . It is governed by a volunteer board of directors .
Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie , Lady Mallowan , DBE ( née Miller ; 15 September 1890 - 12 January 1976 ) was an English writer known for her 66 detective novels and 14 short story collections , particularly those revolving around fictional detectives Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple . She also wrote the world 's longest-running play The Mousetrap and six romances under the pen name Mary Westmacott . In 1971 , she was appointed a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire ( DBE ) for her contribution to literature . Christie was born into a wealthy upper-middle-class family in Torquay , Devon . She served in a Devon hospital during the First World War , tending to troops coming back from the trenches . She was initially an unsuccessful writer with six consecutive rejections , but this changed when The Mysterious Affair at Styles was published in 1920 featuring Hercule Poirot . During the Second World War , she worked as a pharmacy assistant at University College Hospital , London , acquiring a good knowledge of poisons which feature in many of her novels . Guinness World Records lists Christie as the best-selling novelist of all time . Her novels have sold roughly 2 billion copies , and her estate claims that her works come third in the rankings of the world 's most-widely published books , behind only Shakespeare 's works and the Bible . According to Index Translationum , she remains the most-translated individual author , having been translated into at least 103 languages . And Then There Were None is Christie 's best-selling novel , with 100 million sales to date , making it the world 's best-selling mystery ever and one of the best-selling books of all time . Christie 's stage play The Mousetrap holds the world record for longest initial run .
The Agatha Christie Award ( アガサ・クリスティー賞 ) is a Japanese literary award established in 2010 in commemoration of the 120th anniversary of Agatha Christie 's birth . The award is presented by Hayakawa Publishing Corporation in association with the Agatha Christie Society , which is chaired by Mathew Pritchard , the grandson of Agatha Christie . It is the literary award for unpublished mystery novels . The winning work , which is selected from more than 100 entries , is published by Hayakawa Publishing Corporation and the winner receives a prize of 1,000,000 yen .
The Clive Churchill Medal is the award given to the player judged to be man-of-the-match in the National Rugby League 's annual Grand Final . The award was created to honour Clive Churchill , one of the greatest rugby league players in Australian history , following his death in 1985 . A prestigious honour in the NRL , the medal 's recipient is chosen by the selectors of the Australian national team and announced and awarded to the player judged best and fairest on the ground at every post-grand final ceremony . The Clive Churchill Medal has been awarded ever since the 1986 NSWRL season when its first recipient was Parramatta 's Peter Sterling . It was initially presented in a case until 2000 where it is presented separately with a ribbon being worn around the neck . The only two players to have won the award more than once are Canberra 's Bradley Clyde ( 1989 and 1991 ) and Melbourne Storm 's Billy Slater ( 2009 and 2017 ) . In 2010 , the Melbourne Storm were stripped of the 2007 and 2009 premierships due to salary cap breaches exposed by the NRL , however the Clive Churchill Medallists from those years still continue to be recognised . The medal has only been awarded to a member of the losing grand final team on four occasions . Bradley Clyde in 1991 , Brad Mackay ( St George ) in 1993 , Daly Cherry-Evans ( Manly ) in 2013 , and Jack Wighton ( Canberra Raiders ) in 2019 . Churchill , who the medal was named after , played for and later coached the South Sydney Rabbitohs , played interstate football for both New South Wales and Queensland , and also played for , captained and coached the Australian Kangaroos .
Clive Bernard Churchill AM ( 21 January 1927 - 9 August 1985 ) was an Australian professional rugby league footballer and coach in the mid-20th century . An Australian international and New South Wales and Queensland interstate representative fullback , he played the majority of his club football with and later coached the South Sydney Rabbitohs . He won five premierships with the club as a player and three more as coach . Retiring as the most capped Australian Kangaroos player ever , Churchill is thus considered one of the game 's greatest ever players and the prestigious Clive Churchill Medal for man-of-the-match in the NRL grand final bears his name . Churchill 's attacking flair as a player is credited with having changed the role of the fullback .
In Australian sport , the best and fairest , or fairest and best in some competitions e.g . West Australian Football League , recognises the player ( s ) adjudged to have had the best performance in a game or over a season for a given sporting club or competition . The awards are sometimes dependent on not receiving a suspension for misconduct or breaching the rules during that season . In the Australian Football League ( formerly the VFL ) , the Brownlow Medal is awarded to the player who , provided he has not been suspended during the season , receives the most votes from the umpires for being the Fairest and Best player in games during the home and away season . In each game , the umpires award three votes to the player they judge to be the best afield in that game , two votes to the second-best player and one vote to the third-best player . The votes are counted at a gala function on the Monday preceding the Grand Final . The eligibility of suspended or reprimanded players due to minor offences to win the award has frequently been questioned . Another best and fairest honour , the Leigh Matthews Trophy , is voted on by the AFL 's players and awarded by their trade union , the AFL Players Association . Unlike the Brownlow , players who have served disciplinary suspensions during the season are still eligible to win this award . The oldest such award is the Magarey Medal , awarded to the Fairest and most brilliant player in the South Australian National Football League . The award was created by William Ashley Magarey - then chairman of the league - and was first awarded in 1898 .
The National Rugby League ( NRL ) is a league of professional men 's rugby league teams in Australia . Run by the Australian Rugby League Commission , the NRL 's main competition is known as the Telstra Premiership due to sponsorship from Telstra and is contested by sixteen teams , fifteen of which are based in Australia with one based in New Zealand . It is the most viewed and attended rugby league club competition in the world . The National Rugby League is Australia 's top-level domestic men 's rugby-league club competition . It contains clubs from the original Sydney club Rugby League competition , which had been running continuously since 1908 . The NRL formed in the aftermath of the 1990s ' Super League war as a joint partnership between the Australian governing body , the Australian Rugby League ( ARL ) and media giant News Corporation-controlled Super League , after both organisations ran premierships parallel to each other in 1997 . This partnership was dissolved in February 2012 , with control of the NRL going to the independently formed Australian Rugby League Commission . NRL matches are played in Australia and New Zealand from March to October . The season culminates in the premiership-deciding game , the NRL Grand Final , traditionally one of Australia 's most popular sporting events and one of the world 's largest attended sporting championship games [ citation needed ] . In addition , the NRL premiers also play in the World Club Challenge , a pre-season match against the champions of the Super League competition . The reigning premiers are the Sydney Roosters winning their fifteenth premiership and becoming the first team to win back-to-back titles since the inception of the unified league .
A grand final is a game that decides a sports league 's championship ( or premiership ) winning team , i.e . the conclusive game of a finals ( or play-off ) series . Synonymous with a championship game in North American sports , grand finals have become a significant part of Australian culture . The earliest leagues to feature a grand final were in Australian rules football , followed soon after by rugby league . Currently the largest grand finals are in the Australian Football League ( AFL ) and National Rugby League ( NRL ) . Their popularity influenced other competitions such as soccers A-League , the National Basketball League , Suncorp Super Netball and European rugby league 's Super League to adopt grand finals as well . Most grand finals involve a prestigious award for the player voted best on field .
The King Clancy Memorial Trophy is a sports award given annually to the National Hockey League ( NHL ) player who best exemplifies leadership qualities on and off the ice and who has made a significant humanitarian contribution to his community . The winner is chosen by a special panel of representatives from the Professional Hockey Writers ' Association and the NHL Broadcasters ' Association . The trophy is named in honour of Francis M. King Clancy , a former player for the Ottawa Senators and Toronto Maple Leafs who later went on to become a coach , referee , and team executive . The trophy was first awarded in 1988 and was presented to the NHL by Maple Leafs owner Harold Ballard , who called Clancy one of the greatest humanitarians that ever lived . It honours similar community service as the Charlie Conacher Humanitarian Award , which was retired in 1984 . Five teams have had more than one player win the award . Three members of the Vancouver Canucks , Edmonton Oilers , Calgary Flames , and Boston Bruins have each won the award , with Ray Bourque and Dave Poulin winning the award in consecutive years for the same team for the only time in the history of the award . Two New York Islanders and Detroit Red Wings have also won the award . Players from the seven different Canadian teams have won the trophy on 12 of the 28 occasions that it has been awarded . Three members each from the Edmonton Oilers , Calgary Flames , and Vancouver Canucks , as well as one each from the Montreal Canadiens , Minnesota Wild , Ottawa Senators , Toronto Maple Leafs , and the Winnipeg Jets have each won the award . Henrik Sedin is the only player who has won it more than once . Henrik and his brother Daniel are the only recipients to have won the trophy jointly .
Francis Michael King Clancy ( February 25 , 1903 - November 10 , 1986 ) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player , referee , coach and executive . Clancy played 16 seasons in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) for the Ottawa Senators and Toronto Maple Leafs . He was a member of three Stanley Cup championship teams and won All-Star honours . After he retired in 1937 , he remained in hockey , becoming a coach for the Montreal Maroons . Clancy next worked as a referee for the NHL . He joined the Maple Leafs organization and worked in the organization as a coach and team executive until his death in 1986 . In 2017 Clancy was named one of the '100 Greatest NHL Players ' in history . Clancy 's nickname King originates from his father , who was the first 'King Clancy ' and played football for Ottawa . At the time the football was not snapped as is done today , but was 'heeled ' back from the line . Frank 's father was very good at this and was named 'King of the Heelers ' or 'King ' for short . This nickname was eventually transferred to Frank .
The Clarkson Cup ( French : La Coupe Clarkson ) is an ice hockey trophy , which since 2009 has been awarded to the winner of the Canadian Women 's Hockey Championship . Like the Stanley Cup , it was created by and named after a former Governor General of Canada : Adrienne Clarkson . Though initially awarded in 2006 to the Canadian national women 's hockey team , it was intended to be awarded to the top women 's club in Canada . From 2006 to 2008 , it was not awarded , owing to a number of rights issues between Clarkson , Hockey Canada , and the artists responsible for making the trophy . Beginning in 2009 , the Clarkson Cup has been awarded , as intended , to the top women 's club team . It is viewed as the Stanley Cup of women 's hockey .
Adrienne Louise Clarkson PC CC CMM COM DStJ CD ( Chinese : 伍冰枝 ; pinyin : Wǔ Bīngzhī ; née Poy ; born February 10 , 1939 ) is a Hong Kong-born Canadian journalist and stateswoman who served as Governor General of Canada , the 26th since Canadian Confederation . Clarkson arrived in Canada with her family in 1941 , as a refugee from Japanese-occupied Hong Kong , and was raised in Ottawa . After receiving a number of university degrees , Clarkson worked as a producer and broadcaster for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation ( CBC ) and a journalist for various magazines . Her first diplomatic posting came in the early 1980s , when she promoted Ontarian culture in France and other European countries . She was in 1999 appointed as governor general by Queen Elizabeth II , on the recommendation of Prime Minister of Canada Jean Chrétien , to replace Roméo LeBlanc as viceroy and she occupied the post until succeeded by Michaëlle Jean in 2005 . While Clarkson 's appointment as the Canadian vicereine was generally welcomed at first , she caused some controversy during her time serving as the Queen 's representative , mostly due to costs incurred in the operation of her office , as well as a somewhat anti-monarchist attitude toward the position . On October 3 , 2005 , Clarkson was sworn into the Queen 's Privy Council for Canada . She subsequently published her memoirs , founded the Institute for Canadian Citizenship , and became Colonel-in-Chief of Princess Patricia 's Canadian Light Infantry .
The Roger Clemens Award was an award that honored the top NCAA Division I college baseball pitcher of the year . The award was created prior to the 2004 season and succeeded the Rotary Smith Award .
William Roger Clemens ( born August 4 , 1962 ) , nicknamed Rocket , is an American former baseball pitcher who played 24 seasons in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) for four teams , most notably the Boston Red Sox and the New York Yankees . Clemens was one of the most dominant pitchers in major league history , tallying 354 wins , a 3.12 earned run average ( ERA ) , and 4,672 strikeouts , the third-most all time . An 11-time All-Star and two-time World Series champion , he won seven Cy Young Awards during his career , more than any other pitcher in history . Clemens was known for his fierce competitive nature and hard-throwing pitching style , which he used to intimidate batters . Clemens debuted in the major leagues in 1984 with the Red Sox , whose pitching staff he anchored for 12 years . In 1986 , he won the American League ( AL ) Cy Young Award , the AL Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) Award , and the All-Star Game MVP Award , and he struck out an MLB-record 20 batters in a single game ( Clemens repeated the 20-strikeout feat 10 years later ) . After the 1996 season , Clemens left Boston via free agency and joined the Toronto Blue Jays . In each of his two seasons with Toronto , Clemens won a Cy Young Award , as well as the pitching triple crown by leading the league in wins , ERA , and strikeouts . Prior to the 1999 season , Clemens was traded to the Yankees where he won his two World Series titles . In 2001 , Clemens became the first pitcher in major league history to start a season with a win-loss record of 20-1 . In 2003 , he reached his 300th win and 4,000th strikeout in the same game . Clemens left for the Houston Astros in 2004 , where he spent three seasons and won his seventh Cy Young Award .
In baseball , the pitcher is the player who throws the baseball from the pitcher 's mound toward the catcher to begin each play , with the goal of retiring a batter , who attempts to either make contact with the pitched ball or draw a walk . In the numbering system used to record defensive plays , the pitcher is assigned the number 1 . The pitcher is often considered the most important player on the defensive side of the game , and as such is situated at the right end of the defensive spectrum . There are many different types of pitchers , such as the starting pitcher , relief pitcher , middle reliever , lefty specialist , setup man , and the closer . Traditionally , the pitcher also bats . Starting in 1973 with the American League and spreading to further leagues throughout the 1980s and 1990s , the hitting duties of the pitcher have generally been given over to the position of designated hitter , a cause of some controversy . The National League in Major League Baseball and the Japanese Central League are among the remaining leagues that have not adopted the designated hitter position .
The National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA ) [ a ] is a nonprofit organization that regulates student athletes from 1,268 North American institutions and conferences . It also organizes the athletic programs of many colleges and universities in the United States and Canada , and helps more than 480,000 college student-athletes who compete annually in college sports . The organization is headquartered in Indianapolis , Indiana . In its 2016-17 fiscal year the NCAA took in $ 1.06 billion in revenue , over 82% of which was generated by the Division I Men 's Basketball Tournament . In August 1973 , the current three-division system of Division I , Division II , and Division III was adopted by the NCAA membership in a special convention . Under NCAA rules , Division I and Division II schools can offer scholarships to athletes for playing a sport . Division III schools may not offer any athletic scholarships . Generally , larger schools compete in Division I and smaller schools in II and III . Division I football was further divided into I-A and I-AA in 1978 . Subsequently , the term Division I-AAA was briefly added to delineate Division I schools which do not field a football program at all , but that term is no longer officially used by the NCAA . In 2006 , Divisions I-A and I-AA were respectively renamed the Football Bowl Subdivision ( FBS ) and Football Championship Subdivision ( FCS ) . Controversially , the NCAA severely caps the benefits that collegiate athletes can receive from their schools .
NCAA Division I ( D-I ) is the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA ) in the United States . D-I schools include the major collegiate athletic powers , with larger budgets , more elaborate facilities and more athletic scholarships than Divisions II and III as well as many smaller schools committed to the highest level of intercollegiate competition . This level was once called the University Division of the NCAA , in contrast to the lower level College Division ; these terms were replaced with numeric divisions in 1973 . The University Division was renamed Division I , while the College Division was split in two ; the College Division members that offered scholarships or wanted to compete against those who did became Division II , while those who did not want to offer scholarships became Division III . For college football only , D-I schools are further divided into the Football Bowl Subdivision ( FBS ) , the Football Championship Subdivision ( FCS ) , and those institutions that do not have any football program . FBS teams have higher game attendance requirements and more players receiving athletic scholarships than FCS teams . The FBS is named for its series of postseason bowl games , with various polls ranking teams after the conclusion of these games , while the FCS national champion is determined by a multi-team bracket tournament . For the 2014-15 school year , Division I contained 345 of the NCAA 's 1,066 member institutions , with 125 in the Football Bowl Subdivision ( FBS ) , 125 in the Football Championship Subdivision ( FCS ) , and 95 non-football schools , with six additional schools in the transition from Division II to Division I . There was a moratorium on any additional movement up to D-I until 2012 , after which any school that wants to move to D-I must be accepted for membership by a conference and show the NCAA it has the financial ability to support a D-I program .
College baseball is baseball that is played on the intercollegiate level at institutions of higher education . In comparison to football and basketball , college competition in the United States plays a smaller role in developing professional players , as baseball 's professional minor leagues are more extensive , with a greater history of supplying players to the top professional league . Moving directly from high school to the professional level is more common in baseball than in football or basketball . However , if players do opt to enroll at a four-year college to play baseball , they must complete three years to regain professional eligibility , unless they reach age 21 before starting their third year of college . Players who enroll at junior colleges ( i.e. , two-year institutions ) regain eligibility after one year at that level . In the most recently completed 2017 season , there were 298 NCAA Division I teams in the United States ( including schools transitioning from Division II to Division I ) . As with most other U.S. intercollegiate sports , competitive college baseball is played under the auspices of either the NCAA , the NAIA , or the NJCAA . The NCAA writes the rules of play , while each sanctioning body supervises season-ending tournaments . The final rounds of the NCAA tournaments are known as the College World Series ; one is held on each of the three levels of competition sanctioned by the NCAA . The College World Series for Division I takes place in Omaha , Nebraska in June , following the regular season . The playoff bracket for Division I consists of 64 teams , with four teams playing at each of 16 regional sites ( in a double-elimination format ) . The 16 winners advance to the Super Regionals at eight sites , played head-to-head in a best-of-three series .
The Roberto Clemente Award is given annually to the Major League Baseball ( MLB ) player who best exemplifies the game of baseball , sportsmanship , community involvement and the individual 's contribution to his team , as voted on by baseball fans and members of the media . It is named for Hall of Fame outfielder Roberto Clemente . Originally known as the Commissioner 's Award , it has been presented by the MLB since 1971 . In 1973 , the award was renamed after Clemente following his death in a plane crash while delivering supplies to victims of the Nicaragua earthquake . Each year , a panel of baseball dignitaries selects one player from among 30 nominees , one from each club . Teams choose their nominee during the regular season , and the winner is announced at the World Series . The player who receives the most votes online via MLB 's official website , MLB.com , gets one vote in addition to the votes cast by the panel . Since 2007 , the Roberto Clemente Award has been presented by Chevy . Chevy donates money and a Chevy vehicle to the recipient 's charity of choice and additional money is donated by Chevy to the Roberto Clemente Sports City , a non-profit organization in Carolina , Puerto Rico , that provides recreational sports activities for children . Chevy donates additional funds to the charity of choice of each of the 30 club nominees . The first recipient of the award was Willie Mays , and the most recent honoree is Carlos Carrasco . No player has received the award more than once .
Roberto Enrique Clemente Walker [ a ] ( Spanish pronunciation : [ roˈβeɾto enˈrike kleˈmente ( g ) walˈkeɾ ] ; August 18 , 1934 - December 31 , 1972 ) was a Puerto Rican professional baseball right fielder who played 18 seasons in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) for the Pittsburgh Pirates . He was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1973 , becoming both the first Latin American and Caribbean player to be enshrined . His untimely death established the precedent that , as an alternative to the five-year retirement period , a player who has been deceased for at least six months is eligible for entry into the Hall of Fame . Clemente was an All-Star for 12 seasons , playing in 15 All-Star Games . [ b ] He was the National League ( NL ) Most Valuable Player in 1966 , the NL batting leader in 1961 , 1964 , 1965 , and 1967 , and a Gold Glove Award winner for 12 consecutive seasons from 1961 through 1972 . His batting average was over .300 for 13 seasons and he had 3,000 hits during his major league career . He also played in two World Series championships . Clemente is the first Latin American and Caribbean player to help win a World Series as a starting position player ( 1960 ) , to receive an NL MVP Award ( 1966 ) , and to receive a World Series MVP Award ( 1971 ) . Clemente was involved in charity work in Latin American and Caribbean countries during the off-seasons , often delivering baseball equipment and food to those in need . On December 31 , 1972 , he died in a plane crash at the age of 38 while en route to deliver aid to earthquake victims in Nicaragua . The following season , the Pirates retired his uniform number 21 , and MLB renamed its annual Commissioner 's Award in his honor ; now known as the Roberto Clemente Award , it is given to the player who best exemplifies the game of baseball , sportsmanship , community involvement and the individual 's contribution to his team .
Major League Baseball ( MLB ) is a professional baseball organization . It is the oldest of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada . A total of 30 teams play in Major League Baseball : 15 teams in the National League ( NL ) and 15 in the American League ( AL ) . The NL and AL were formed as separate legal entities in 1876 and 1901 , respectively . Beginning in 1903 , the two leagues cooperated but remained legally separate entities . In 2000 the leagues merged into a single organization led by the Commissioner of Baseball . MLB also oversees Minor League Baseball , which comprises 256 teams affiliated with the major league clubs . MLB and the World Baseball Softball Confederation jointly manage the international World Baseball Classic tournament . Baseball 's first openly all-professional team was the Cincinnati Red Stockings founded in 1869 . Before that , some teams had secretly paid some players . The first few decades of professional baseball were characterized by rivalries between leagues and by players who often jumped from one team or league to another . The period before 1920 is known as the dead-ball era , during which players would rarely hit home runs .
The David Cohen Prize for Literature ( est . 1993 ) is a biennial British literary award given to a writer , novelist , short-story writer , poet , essayist or dramatist in recognition of an entire body of work , written in the English language . The prize is funded by the John S. Cohen Foundation and administered by Arts Council England . The writer must be a British or Irish citizen . The winner is chosen by nomination and entries are not required . The prize is valued at £40,000 . In 2005 , The David Cohen Prize incorporated the Clarissa Luard Award . The winner of the David Cohen Prize chooses the recipient of the Clarissa Luard Award , valued at £12,500 ( funded by the Arts Council of England ) , and given to a writer under the age of 35 or an organisation that supports young writers . In 2017 Arts Council England launched the Clarissa Luard Award for Independent Publishing , managed by New Writing North , to recognise and celebrate the adventurousness , innovative spirit and creativity of independent literary publishing in the UK and Ireland .
The Lionel Conacher Award is an annual award given to Canada 's male athlete of the year . The sports writers of the Canadian Press ( CP ) first conducted a poll to determine the nation 's top athlete , of either gender , in 1932 . Separate polls for the best male and female athletes were conducted beginning the following year . The CP formalized the poll into an award in 1978 , presenting their winner a plaque . It was named after Lionel Conacher , a multi-sport champion whom the news organization had named its top athlete of the half-century in 1950 . The award is separate from the Lou Marsh Trophy , in which a select panel of sports writers vote for their top overall athlete . The poll was suspended for four years during the Second World War after the CP decided it could not name a sporting hero at a time when Canadian soldiers were fighting in Europe . Football player Joe Krol became the first repeat winner following the war , earning top spot in both 1946 and 1947 . Hockey star Maurice Richard was the first three-time winner in 1958 , and baseball pitcher Ferguson Jenkins the first four-time winner in 1974 . Hockey Hall of Famer Wayne Gretzky has won the most Lionel Conacher Awards , finishing top of the poll six times in the 1980s , and in 1999 was named the Canadian Press Athlete of the Century . The most recent winner is freestyle skier , Mikael Kingsbury .
Lionel Pretoria Conacher , MP ( /ˈkɒnəkər/ ; May 24 , 1901 - May 26 , 1954 ) , nicknamed The Big Train , was a Canadian athlete and politician . Voted the country 's top athlete of the first half of the 20th century , he won championships in numerous sports . His first passion was football ; he was a member of the 1921 Grey Cup champion Toronto Argonauts . He was a member of the Toronto Maple Leafs baseball team that won the International League championship in 1926 . In hockey , he won a Memorial Cup in 1920 , and the Stanley Cup twice : with the Chicago Black Hawks in 1934 and the Montreal Maroons in 1935 . Additionally , he won wrestling , boxing and lacrosse championships during his playing career . He and Carl Voss are the only players to have their names engraved on both the Grey Cup and Stanley Cup . Conacher retired as an athlete in 1937 to enter politics . He won election to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in 1937 , and in 1949 won a seat in the House of Commons . Many of his political positions revolved around sports . He worked to eliminate corruption in boxing while serving as a Member of Provincial Parliament ( MPP ) in Ontario , also serving as the chairman of the Ontario Athletic Commission . Additionally , he served a term as director of recreation and entertainment for the Royal Canadian Air Force .
The Tony Conigliaro Award is a national recognition instituted in 1990 by the Boston Red Sox to honor the memory of Tony Conigliaro . It is given annually to a Major League Baseball ( MLB ) player who best overcomes an obstacle and adversity through the attributes of spirit , determination , and courage that were trademarks of Conigliaro . Conigliaro debuted with the Red Sox in 1964 , and was selected to the MLB All-Star Game in the 1967 season . Subsequently , he was hit in the face by a pitch at Fenway Park on August 18 , 1967 . After missing the rest of the year and all of 1968 , he made a comeback in 1969 , homering on opening day . He then hit 20 home runs in that season , winning The Sporting News Comeback Player of the Year Award . In 1970 , he posted career highs in home runs with 36 and RBIs with 116 , but vision problems continued to persist ; his performance fell off , and he was never the same player . After a final comeback attempt in 1975 , Conigliaro retired at age 30 . Conigliaro died in 1990 , and the Red Sox instituted the award in his honor . A panel is composed of the media , representatives of the commissioner , and the two leagues ' offices . The selection is made by a panel of voters and the award is presented at the annual dinner of the Boston chapter of the Baseball Writers ' Association of America , held in January , by members of the Conigliaro family .
Anthony Richard Conigliaro ( January 7 , 1945 - February 24 , 1990 ) , nicknamed Tony C and Conig , was a Major League Baseball outfielder and right-handed batter who played for the Boston Red Sox ( 1964-67 , 1969-1970 , 1975 ) and California Angels ( 1971 ) . Born in Revere , Massachusetts , he was a 1962 graduate of St. Mary 's High School in Lynn , Massachusetts . Conigliaro started his MLB career as a teenager , hitting a home run in his first at-bat during his home field debut in 1964 , going on to set the still current ( as of 2019 ) record for home runs by a teenager , with 24 . During the Red Sox Impossible Dream season of 1967 , he was hit in the face by a pitch that caused a severe eye injury and derailed his career . Though he would make a comeback from the injury , his career was not the same afterwards .