2007 IAAF World Road Running Championships
Race results -- Women 's
Table:
Rank
Athlete
Nationality
Time
Notes

Lornah Kiplagat
Netherlands
1:06:25
WR

Mary Jepkosgei Keitany
Kenya
1:06:48
NR

Pamela Chepchumba
Kenya
1:08:06
PB

4
Bezunesh Bekele
Ethiopia
1:08:07
NR

5
Atsede Habtamu
Ethiopia
1:08:29

6
Everline Kimwei
Kenya
1:08:39
PB

7
Chisato Osaki
Japan
1:08:56
PB

8
Luminița Talpoș
Romania
1:09:01
PB

9
Alice Timbilil
Kenya
1:09:09

10
Alina Tecuţă/Gherasim
Romania
1:09:14
SB

11
Atsede Baysa
Ethiopia
1:09:15
PB

12
Akane Taira
Japan
1:09:17
PB

13
Yoshimi Ozaki
Japan
1:09:26
PB

14
Irina Timofeyeva
Russia
1:09:29
PB

15
Alina Ivanova
Russia
1:09:32
PB

16
Deena Kastor
United States
1:09:38

17
Olga Glok
Russia
1:09:58
PB

18
Lidia Simon
Romania
1:10:08
SB

19
Genet Getaneh
Ethiopia
1:10:30

20
Krisztina Papp
Hungary
1:10:53
PB

Based on the tabular data together with the context snippets below.

Give the answer to the question: What year did the woman who finished the IAAF World Road Running Championships held in 2007 the fastest become a citizen of the Netherlands ? Provide just your answer in a JSON object {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Do not introduce information beyond the provided sources.

Lornah Kiplagat ( born 1 May 1974 ) is a Dutch long-distance runner . She was born in Kabiemit , Rift Valley Province , Kenya and came to the Netherlands in 1999 . She gained Dutch citizenship in 2003 and has competed for the Netherlands since . She runs not only road events but also in cross country and track and field . She ran at the 2004 , 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics , was the 2007 gold medallist at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships , and took three straight World Road Running Championship titles from 2006 to 2008 . In the marathon , she holds a best time of 2:22:22 hours and has won major races in Rotterdam , Amsterdam and Osaka . She currently holds the world road record over 5 kilometres and 10 miles . Her best times over 20 km and the half marathon distance were world records from 2007 to 2011 and remain the second fastest times ever . Part of a highly successful family of runners , her relatives include Sylvia Kibet , Hilda Kibet and Susan Sirma . She is the founder of the famous high altitude training centre in Iten Kenya . The centre is at 2400 metres high above sea level . Elite athletes and recreational runners from all over the world visit HATC every year for training .
The Netherlands ( Dutch : Nederland , [ ˈneːdərlɑnt ] ( listen ) ) , informally Holland , is a country in Northwestern Europe with some overseas territories in the Caribbean . In Europe , it consists of 12 provinces that border Germany to the east , Belgium to the south , and the North Sea to the northwest , with maritime borders in the North Sea with those countries and the United Kingdom . Together with the Caribbean Netherlands - Bonaire , Sint Eustatius and Saba - it forms a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands . The official language is Dutch and a secondary official language in the province of Friesland is West Frisian . In the north and east of the country , Low Saxon is also spoken , and in the southeast , Limburgish . In the Caribbean Netherlands English and Papiamento are recognised languages . The five largest cities in the Netherlands are Amsterdam , Rotterdam , The Hague , Utrecht and Eindhoven . Amsterdam is the country 's most populous city and nominal capital , while The Hague holds the seat of the States General , Cabinet and Supreme Court . The Port of Rotterdam is the busiest seaport in Europe , and the busiest in any country outside Asia . Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is the busiest airport in the Netherlands , and the third busiest in Europe . The country is a founding member of the EU , Eurozone , G10 , NATO , OECD and WTO , as well as a part of the Schengen Area and the trilateral Benelux Union . It hosts several intergovernmental organisations and international courts , many of which are centered in The Hague , which is consequently dubbed 'the world 's legal capital ' .
Mary Jepkosgei Keitany ( born 18 January 1982 ) is a Kenyan long distance runner . She is the world record holder in a women-only marathon , having won the 2017 London Marathon in a time of 2:17:01 . As of November 2019 , she sits third all-time at both the marathon and half marathon . Her former half marathon best of 1:05:50 ( 2011 ) lived three years as the women 's world record . She also has held the world record at 10 miles ( 50:05 minutes ) , 20 kilometres ( 1:02:36 ) , and 25 kilometres ( 1:19:53 ) , all of which were set in road races . In August 2018 she was honored by the Shoe4Africa foundation who funded and built the Mary Keitany Shoe4Africa school in Torokwonin , Baringo County , Kenya . She and her husband Charles sit on the Shoe4Africa school board .
Kenya ( /ˈkɛnjə/ ( listen ) ) , officially the Republic of Kenya ( Swahili : Jamhuri ya Kenya ) , is a country in Africa with 47 semiautonomous counties governed by elected governors . At 580,367 square kilometres ( 224,081 sq mi ) , Kenya is the world 's 48th largest country by total area . With a population of more than 47.6 million people , Kenya is the 29th most populous country . Kenya 's capital and largest city is Nairobi , while its oldest city and first capital is the coastal city of Mombasa . Kisumu City is the third largest city and also an inland port on Lake Victoria . Other important urban centres include Nakuru and Eldoret . Kenya is bordered by South Sudan to the northwest , Ethiopia to the north , Somalia to the east , Uganda to the west , Tanzania to the south , and the Indian Ocean to the southeast . According to archaeological dating of associated artifacts and skeletal material , the Cushites first settled in the lowlands of Kenya between 3,200 and 1,300 BC , a phase referred to as the Lowland Savanna Pastoral Neolithic . Nilotic-speaking pastoralists ( ancestral to Kenya 's Nilotic speakers ) started migrating from present-day southern Sudan into Kenya around 500 BC . European colonisation of Kenya began in the 19th century during the European exploration of the interior . Modern-day Kenya emerged from a protectorate established by the British Empire in 1895 and the subsequent Kenya Colony , which began in 1920 . Numerous disputes between the UK and the colony led to the Mau Mau revolution , which began in 1952 , and the subsequent declaration of independence in 1963 .
Pamela Chepchumba ( born March 8 , 1979 in Kapsait , West Pokot District ) is an athlete from Kenya . Her best achievements are from cross country running . Aged only 13 , Chemchumba competed at the 1992 IAAF World Cross Country Championships , finishing 27th in the junior race . Still at junior level , she participated in the 1994 and 1995 edition of IAAF World Cross Country Championships , finishing 7th and 10th respectively . At the time she took a break in running to concentrate in schooling , where she was lagging . She went to Kapkenda Secondary School in 1997 . Pamela Chepchumba was suspended for two years after testing positive for EPO at the 2003 IAAF World Cross Country Championships held in Lausanne , Switzerland . She had finished sixth , but was disqualified . She returned in 2005 and won the Udine Half Marathon . Her husband Boaz Kimaiyo is also a runner , as is her younger brother Nicholas Koech , who mainly competes in road races . She has two daughters ( as of 2007 ) . She is managed by Federico Rosa and coached by Eric Kimaiyo .
Bezunesh Bekele ( full name Bezunesh Bekele Sertsu , also written Bizunesh Bekele ; born 29 January 1983 ) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who specializes in cross-country running and marathons .
Ethiopia ( /ˌiːθiˈoʊpiə/ ; Amharic : ኢትዮጵያ , ʾĪtyōṗṗyā , listen ( help·info ) , Tigrinya : ኢትዮጵያ , Oromo : Itiyoophiyaa , Somali : Itoobiya , Afar : Itiyoophiyaa ) , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia , is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa . It shares borders with Eritrea to the north , Djibouti to the northeast , Somalia , and the de facto state of Somaliland to the east , Kenya to the south , South Sudan to the west and Sudan to the northwest . With over 109 million inhabitants , Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world and the second-most populous nation on the African continent with a total area of 1,100,000 square kilometres ( 420,000 sq mi ) . Its capital and largest city is Addis Ababa , which lies a few miles west of the East African Rift that splits the country into the Nubian and Somali tectonic plates . Some of the oldest skeletal evidence for anatomically modern humans has been found in Ethiopia . It is widely considered as the region from which modern humans first set out for the Middle East and places beyond . According to linguists , the first Afroasiatic-speaking populations settled in the Horn region during the ensuing Neolithic era . Tracing its roots to the 2nd millennium BCE , Ethiopia 's governmental system was a monarchy for most of its history . Oral literature tells that the monarchy was founded by the Solomonic dynasty of the Queen of Sheba , under its first king , Menelik I . In the first centuries , the Kingdom of Aksum maintained a unified civilization in the region , followed by the Ethiopian Empire circa 1137 . During the late 19th-century Scramble for Africa , Ethiopia and Liberia were two nations that preserved their sovereignty from long-term colonisation by a European colonial power and many newly-independent nations on the continent subsequently adopted its flag colours . However , the country was later occupied by Italy in 1936 and became Italian Ethiopia ( part of Italian East Africa ) until it was liberated during World War II .
Atsede Habtamu Besuye ( born 26 October 1987 ) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who specialises in road running and the marathon distance . She came to prominence at the IAAF World Road Running Championships in 2007 where , at the age of nineteen , she ran a time of 1:08:29 for the half marathon - a record for a teenage athlete . She stepped up to the marathon a couple of years later and was runner-up on her debut at the Dubai Marathon . She ran at the Boston Marathon later that year but had her first success at the Berlin Marathon , which she won in a personal best time of 2:24:47 . She ran course records to win at the 2010 Eindhoven Marathon , 2011 Daegu Marathon and 2012 Tokyo Marathon .
Everline Kemunto Kimwei ( born 25 August 1987 ) is a Kenyan female long-distance runner . Her greatest achievement was a team gold medal at the 2007 IAAF World Road Running Championships , where she was sixth . She is joint-holder of the African record for the ekiden marathon relay , courtesy of her winning run for Kenya at the 2006 Chiba Ekiden . Kimwei won a team silver medal as a junior at the 2004 IAAF World Cross Country Championships . She holds the world junior bests for the 15K and 20K distances , with times of 47:39 minutes and 65:04 minutes , respectively . Both these marks were achieved at the 2006 Kobe Women 's Half Marathon , which she won . Kimwei was based in Japan for much of her teenage life and was highly successful there . She won the Matsue 10K and Sanyo Women 's Half Marathon in both 2005 and 2007 . She also had top three finishes at the Nobeoka Golden Games , Shizuoka International , Hyogo Relays and Sapporo Half Marathon . She was the 2007 Japanese Corporate champion over 10K . Her brief marathon running career began at the 2008 Mumbai Marathon , where she recorded a lifetime best of 2:32:51 hours . She followed this with a run at the 2008 London Marathon , where she failed to finish .
Japan ( Japanese : 日本 , Nippon [ ɲippoꜜɴ ] ( listen ) or Nihon [ ɲihoꜜɴ ] ( listen ) ) is an island country located in East Asia . It is bordered by the Sea of Japan to the west and the Pacific Ocean to the east , and spans more than 3,000 kilometers ( 1,900 mi ) along the coast of the continent from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Philippine Sea in the south . Part of the Pacific Ring of Fire , Japan encompasses a stratovolcanic archipelago of about 6,852 islands , with five main islands ( Hokkaido , Honshu , Kyushu , Shikoku , and Okinawa ) comprising 97% of the country 's total area of 377,975 square kilometers ( 145,937 sq mi ) . Japan is officially divided into 47 prefectures and traditionally into eight regions . Approximately two-thirds of the country 's terrain is mountainous and heavily forested , and less than one-eighth of land is suitable for agriculture . Consequently , Japan is among the most densely populated and urbanized countries in the world , with over 90% of its population living in urban areas . The largest of these is the metropolitan area centered on the capital city of Tokyo , which is the most populous in the world and home to more than 38 million people . Japan itself is the world 's eleventh most populous country with a population of 126.2 million , of which 97.8% are ethnically Japanese . The kanji ( or Chinese characters ) that make up the name of Japan in the Japanese language mean sun origin ; in the Western world , the country is often known by the sobriquet Land of the Rising Sun . Periods of influence from other regions , primarily China , followed by periods of isolation , particularly from Western Europe , have characterized the history of Japan . While archaeological evidence indicates that Japan was inhabited as early as the Upper Paleolithic period , the first written mention of the archipelago appears in Chinese texts from the first century AD . Between the fourth and ninth centuries , the kingdoms of Japan became gradually unified under an Emperor and imperial court based in Heian-kyō ( modern Kyoto ) .
Luminiţa Talpoş ( born October 9 , 1972 in Craiova , Dolj ) is a female long-distance runner from Romania , who specialized in the marathon race during her career .
Romania ( /roʊˈmeɪniə/ ( listen ) ro-MAY-nee-ə ; Romanian : România [ romɨˈni.a ] ( listen ) ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central , Eastern , and Southeastern Europe . It has borders with the Black Sea to the southeast , Bulgaria to the south , Ukraine to the north , Hungary to the west , Serbia to the southwest , and Moldova to the east . It has a predominantly temperate-continental climate . With a total area of 238,397 square kilometers ( 92,046 square miles ) , Romania is the 8th largest country and also the 6th most populous member state of the European Union , having almost 20 million inhabitants . Its capital and largest city is Bucharest , and other major urban areas include Cluj-Napoca , Timișoara , Iași , Constanța , Craiova , Brașov , and Galați . The River Danube , Europe 's second-longest river , rises in Germany 's Black Forest and flows in a general southeast direction for 2,857 km ( 1,775 mi ) , coursing through ten countries before emptying into Romania 's Danube Delta . The Carpathian Mountains , which cross Romania from the north to the southwest , include Moldoveanu Peak , at an altitude of 2,544 m ( 8,346 ft ) . Modern Romania was formed in 1859 through a personal union of the Danubian Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia . The new state , officially named Romania since 1866 , gained independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1877 . Following World War I after declaring its neutrality in 1914 , when Romania fought on the side of the Allied powers starting with 1916 , Bukovina , Bessarabia , Transylvania as well as parts of Banat , Crișana , and Maramureș became part of the sovereign Kingdom of Romania . In June-August 1940 , as a consequence of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact and Second Vienna Award , Romania was compelled to cede Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to the Soviet Union , and Northern Transylvania to Hungary . In November 1940 , Romania signed the Tripartite Pact and , consequently , in June 1941 entered World War II on the Axis side , fighting against the Soviet Union until August 1944 , when it joined the Allies and recovered Northern Transylvania .
Alice Jemeli Timbilil ( born 1 February 1983 in Moiben , Uasin Gishu District ) is a Kenyan professional long-distance runner . She is a two-time Olympian , having competed over 10,000 metres at both the 2000 and 2004 Summer Olympics . She initially started her career on the track , becoming the World Youth Champion in the 10,000 m and running at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics at the age of sixteen . She won a junior silver medal at the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships and made her Olympic track debut the following year . She continued to mix track and cross country , making her second Olympic appearance at the 2004 Athens Games and securing a senior silver at the 2005 IAAF World Cross Country Championships . After taking 2006 out due to the birth of her first child , she returned in 2007 and switched her focus to road running competitions . She represented Kenya at the 2007 IAAF World Road Running Championships and won the Saint Silvester Road Race . She made her marathon debut in 2008 and took her first win in the event two years later at the 2010 Amsterdam Marathon .
Camelia Alina Gherasim ( née Tecuţă , born November 10 , 1971 in Galaţi ) is a Romanian long-distance runner . Gherasim competed in the marathon at the 2000 Summer Olympics . She has won a number of road races including the 1996 Paris Marathon , the 2005 Monaco Marathon ( 2:43:44 ) , and the 2006 California International Marathon ( 2:34:23 ) .
Atsede Baysa Tesema , also known as Atsede Bayisa ( born 16 April 1987 ) , is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who specialises in road running events . She has won the Chicago Marathon , Boston Marathon and Paris Marathon twice . She has also won at the Xiamen International Marathon and the Istanbul Marathon . She represented Ethiopia at the 2007 IAAF World Road Running Championships ( taking the team silver ) and at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics in the marathon race . She was the half marathon silver medallist at the 2007 All-Africa Games .
Yoshimi Ozaki ( 尾崎 好美 , Ozaki Yoshimi , born July 1 , 1981 ) is a Japanese long-distance runner , who specializes in the marathon . She won the 2008 Tokyo Women 's Marathon in a personal best time of 2:23:30 hours . A year later she took the silver medal in the event at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics . Ozaki has won international team medals with Japan at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships and the IAAF World Half Marathon Championships . She represented Japan in the marathon at the 2012 Summer Olympics . She is coached by former world marathon medallist Sachiko Yamashita .
Irina Nikolayevna Timofeyeva ( Russian : Ирина Николаевна Тимофеева ; born 5 April 1970 ) is a Russian long-distance runner who specializes in running the marathon . She won the Singapore Marathon in 2005 and the Paris Marathon in 2006 . She ran for Russia at the 2008 Summer Olympics , placing seventh in the marathon race . She won the Nagano Olympic Commemorative Marathon in 2009 . She was banned from the sport for two years , starting 6 September 2016 , due to abnormalities in her biological passport .
Russia ( Russian : Росси́я , tr . Rossiya , IPA : [ rɐˈsʲijə ] ) , or the Russian Federation , [ e ] is a European country located in Eastern Europe with a vast expanse of territory that stretches across Northern Asia . At 17,125,200 square kilometres ( 6,612,100 sq mi ) , it is by far the largest country in the world by area , covering more than one-eighth of the Earth 's inhabited land area , spanning eleven time zones , and bordering 16 sovereign nations . The territory of Russia extends from the Baltic Sea in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east , and from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Black Sea and the Caucasus in the south . With 146.7 million inhabitants living in the country 's 85 federal subjects as of 2020 , Russia is the most populous nation in Europe and the ninth-most populous nation in the world . Russia 's capital and largest city is Moscow ; other major urban areas include Saint Petersburg , Novosibirsk , Yekaterinburg , Nizhny Novgorod , Kazan and Chelyabinsk . The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD . Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants , the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century . In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire , beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium . Rus ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states , until it was finally reunified by the Grand Duchy of Moscow in the 15th century . By the 18th century , the nation had greatly expanded through conquest , annexation , and exploration to become the Russian Empire , which was the third largest empire in history , stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east . Following the Russian Revolution , the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic ( Russian SFSR ) became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( USSR/Soviet Union ) , the world 's first constitutionally socialist state .
Alina Petrovna Ivanova ( Russian : Алина Петровна Иванова ; born March 16 , 1969 in Kildishevo , Yadrinsky District , Chuvash ASSR ) is a retired Russian race walker , best known for winning the gold medal in the women 's 10 km walk at the 1991 World Championships in Tokyo , Japan . She represented the Unified Team at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona , Spain . She changed to the marathon run later in her career and was a two-time winner at both the Prague International Marathon and the Dublin Marathon .
Deena Michelle Kastor ( née Drossin ; born February 14 , 1973 ) is an American long-distance runner . She holds American records in the marathon and numerous road distances . She won the bronze medal in the women 's marathon at the 2004 Olympics in Athens , Greece . She is also an eight-time national champion in cross country .
The United States of America ( USA ) , commonly known as the United States ( U.S. or US ) or America , is a country consisting of 50 states , a federal district , five major self-governing territories , and various possessions . [ g ] At 3.8 million square miles ( 9.8 million km2 ) , it is the world 's third or fourth-largest country by total area [ b ] and is slightly smaller than the entire continent of Europe . Most of the country is located in central North America between Canada and Mexico . With an estimated population of over 328 million , the U.S. is the third most populous country in the world . The capital is Washington , D.C. , and the most populous city is New York City . Paleo-Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 12,000 years ago . European colonization began in the 16th century . The United States emerged from the thirteen British colonies established along the East Coast . Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies led to the American Revolutionary War lasting between 1775 and 1783 , leading to independence . The United States embarked on a vigorous expansion across North America throughout the 19th century - gradually acquiring new territories , displacing Native Americans , and admitting new states - until by 1848 it spanned the continent . During the second half of the 19th century , the American Civil War led to the abolition of slavery in the United States . The Spanish-American War and World War I confirmed the country 's status as a global military power .
Olga Glok ( Russian : Ольга Глок ; born 16 December 1982 ) is a Russian long-distance runner who competes in marathon races . She represented her country at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics . She has a marathon best of 2:27:18 hours and has won the Prague Marathon and Twin Cities Marathon .
Lidia Slăvuțeanu-Șimon ( born 4 September 1973 ) is a Romanian long-distance runner . She competed in the Olympic marathon five times ( 1996-2012 ) , winning a silver medal at the 2000 Olympics . She is also a former marathon world champion .
Genet Getaneh Wendimagegnehu ( born 6 January 1986 ) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who competes in half marathon and marathon competitions . She represented Ethiopia at the IAAF World Half Marathon Championships in 2007 and 2008 , finishing fourth at the latter race . She is a two-time winner of the Great Ethiopian Run and won the 2010 Zevenheuvelenloop . She has a personal best of 2:25:38 hours for the marathon and 1:08:18 hours for the half marathon .
Krisztina Papp ( born 17 December 1982 ) is a Hungarian long distance runner . She is the national indoor record holder over 5000 m. She was selected as Female Athlete of the Year by the Hungarian Athletics Association in 2006 , 2009 and 2010 . Papp began her international career as a junior with appearances at the 2000 World Junior Championships in Athletics and the 2001 IAAF World Cross Country Championships . In her first year as a senior athlete she ran for Hungary in the finals of the 3000 metres at the 2002 European Athletics Indoor Championships and the 5000 metres outdoors at the 2002 European Athletics Championships . She was the gold medallist in the 10,000 metres at the 2003 European Athletics U23 Championships the following year . Papp had her Olympic debut at the 2004 Athens Games , running in the heats of the 5000 m , and also debuted over the half marathon distance that year , becoming the Hungarian under-23 champion . Track running remained her focus over the next two seasons : she was eighth in the 5000 m at the 2006 European Athletics Championships and took the bronze medal at the 2006 European Cup 10,000m , as well as making appearances at the IAAF World Athletics Final . She took her first victory at the Budapest Half Marathon in September 2007 ( going on to win twice more in 2009 and 2010 ) . That year she made her international road running debut , coming 20th at the 2006 IAAF World Road Running Championships in Udine with a career best time of 1:10:53 hours . Returning to the track , she ran at the 2008 Beijing Olympics and reached the 5000 m finals at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics and 2010 European Athletics Championships . She was also eighth over 10,000 m at the latter event . She opened 2011 with a third-place finish at the Stramilano half marathon .
Hungary ( Hungarian : Magyarország [ ˈmɒɟɒrorsaːɡ ] ( listen ) ) is a country in Central Europe . Spanning 93,030 square kilometres ( 35,920 sq mi ) in the Carpathian Basin , it borders Slovakia to the north , Ukraine to the northeast , Romania to the east and southeast , Serbia to the south , Croatia and Slovenia to the southwest , and Austria to the west . With about 10 million inhabitants , Hungary is a medium-sized member state of the European Union . The official language is Hungarian , which is the most widely spoken Uralic language in the world , and among the few non-Indo-European languages to be widely spoken in Europe . Hungary 's capital and largest city is Budapest ; other major urban areas include Debrecen , Szeged , Miskolc , Pécs and Győr . The territory of modern Hungary was for centuries inhabited by a succession of peoples , including Celts , Romans , Germanic tribes , Huns , West Slavs and the Avars . The foundations of the Hungarian state were established in the late ninth century CE by the Hungarian grand prince Árpád following the conquest of the Carpathian Basin . His great-grandson Stephen I ascended the throne in 1000 , converting his realm to a Christian kingdom . By the 12th century , Hungary became a regional power , reaching its cultural and political height in the 15th century . Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526 , Hungary was partially occupied by the Ottoman Empire ( 1541-1699 ) . It came under Habsburg rule at the turn of the 18th century , and later joined Austria to form the Austro-Hungarian Empire , a major European power . The Austro-Hungarian Empire collapsed after World War I , and the subsequent Treaty of Trianon established Hungary 's current borders , resulting in the loss of 71% of its territory , 58% of its population , and 32% of ethnic Hungarians .