List of mountain passes in Switzerland
Railway
Table:
Railway

Name

Canton(s)/Country

From - To

Built/Opened

Elevation (m)

Max. gradient

Type

Albula Railway
Graubünden

Filisur - La Punt
1903
1823

railway tunnel

Bernina Railway
Graubünden

Samedan - Poschiavo
1906 - 1910
2253

railway

Bözberg
Aargau

Brugg - Frick
1874

railway tunnel

Brünig

Bern/Nidwalden

Meiringen BE - Giswil NW
1888
1007

railway

Furka Heritage Railway
Uri/Valais

Realp UR - Gletsch
1914
2160

railway

Furka
Uri/Valais

Realp UR - Oberwald VS
1998
1550

railway tunnel

Col de la Givrine
Vaud

Nyon - La Cure

1228

railway

Kerenzerberg
Glarus

Mollis - Mühlehorn
1960

railway tunnel

Kleine Scheidegg
Berne

Lauterbrunnen - Grindelwald
1892
2061

railway

Lötschberg Tunnel
Bern/Valais

Kandersteg BE - Goppenstein VS

1216

railway tunnel with car transport

Oberalp
Graubünden/Uri

Disentis GR - Andermatt UR
1926
2044

railway

Saanenmöser
Vaud/Bern

Montreux VD - Zweisimmen BE
1901 - 1912
1279

railway

Simplon
Valais/Italy

Brig VS - Domodossola IT
1892 - 1906
690

railway tunnel

St. Gotthard
Uri/Ticino

Göschenen UR - Airolo TI
1882
1141

railway tunnel

Vereina Tunnel
Graubünden

Klosters - Susch
1999
1430

railway tunnel with car transport

Vue des Alpes
Neuchâtel

Neuchâtel - La Chaux-de-Fonds

1040

railway tunnel

Weissenstein
Solothurn

Oberdorf - Gänsbrunnen
1908
732

railway tunnel

Wolfgang
Graubünden

Klosters - Davos

1631

railway

Using the given table as well as the background passages provided at the end.

State the answer to the question: What is the population of the country where several great peaks around that can be climbed directly from the pass ? Respond with the correct answer (omit explanations) in JSON format as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Base your answer solely on the given information.

The Albula Railway ( German : Albulabahn ; Italian : Ferrovia dell'Albula ) is a single track metre gauge railway line forming part of the so-called core network of the Rhaetian Railway ( RhB ) , in the Canton of Graubünden , Switzerland . It links Thusis on the Hinterrhein ( 697 m ( 2,287 ft ) above sea level ) with the spa resort of St. Moritz in Engadine ( 1,774 m ( 5,820 ft ) above sea level ) . Construction of the Albula Railway was begun in September 1898 , the opening took place on 1 July 1903 , and the extension to St. Moritz commenced operations on 10 July 1904 . With its 55 bridges and 39 tunnels , the 61.67-kilometre long ( 38.32 mi ) line is one of the most spectacular narrow gauge railways in the world . On 7 July 2008 , the Albula Railway and the Bernina Railway , which also forms part of the RhB , were jointly recorded in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites , under the name Rhaetian Railway in the Albula / Bernina Landscapes . The best known trains operating on the Albula Railway are the Glacier Express and the Bernina Express .
The canton of ( the ) Grisons , or canton of Graubünden , [ a ] is the largest and easternmost canton of Switzerland . It has international borders with Italy , Austria , and Liechtenstein . Its German name , Graubünden , translates as the Grey Leagues , referring to the canton 's origin in three local alliances , the League of God 's House , the Grey League , and the League of the Ten Jurisdictions . Grisons is the only officially trilingual canton and the only one where the Romansh language has official status . Swiss German , Italian , and Romansh are all native to the canton .
Filisur is an Alpine village and former municipality in the Albula Region in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland . The village sits on a hillside with a view to the west where the two rivers Albula/Alvra from the Albula Pass and Landwasser from Davos meet . On 1 January 2018 the former municipalities of Bergün/Bravuogn and Filisur merged into the new municipality of Bergün Filisur .
La Punt - Chamues-ch ( [ lɐˌpʊntˈtɕamuə̯ʃtɕ ] ( help·info ) ; Italian and official name until 1943 : Ponte-Campovasto ) is a municipality in the Maloja Region in the Swiss canton of Graubünden .
The Bernina railway is a single-track 1,000 mm ( 3 ft 3 3⁄8 in ) metre gauge railway line forming part of the Rhaetian Railway ( RhB ) . It links the spa resort of St. Moritz , in the Canton of Graubünden , Switzerland , with the town of Tirano , in the Province of Sondrio , Italy , via the Bernina Pass . Reaching a height of 2,253 metres ( 7,392 ft ) above sea level , it is the highest railway crossing in Europe and the third highest railway in Switzerland . It also ranks as the highest adhesion railway of the continent , and - with inclines of up to 7% - as one of the steepest adhesion railways in the world . The height difference on the section between the Bernina Pass and Tirano is 1,824 m ( 5,984 ft ) , allowing passengers to see glaciers and palm trees on the same line . On 7 July 2008 , the Bernina Railway and the Albula Railway , which also forms part of the RhB , were recorded in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites , under the name Rhaetian Railway in the Albula / Bernina Landscapes . The whole site is regarded as a cross-border joint Swiss-Italian heritage area . Trains operating on the Bernina Railway include the Bernina Express .
Samedan ( [ saˈmedən ] ( help·info ) ) is a town and municipality in the Maloja Region in the Swiss canton of Grisons .
Poschiavo ( Italian : Poschiavo , Lombard : Pusciaaf , German : Puschlav , Romansh : Puschlav ) is a municipality in the Bernina Region in the canton of Grisons in Switzerland .
Bözberg Pass ( el . 569 m. ) is a mountain pass in the Jura Mountains in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland . It connects the Frick River valley and Brugg and is the shortest road between Basel and Zürich . Two tunnels have been dug under the pass , the Bözberg Rail Tunnel for the Federal Railway and the Bözberg Road Tunnel for the A-3 Autobahn .
The canton of Aargau ( German : Kanton Aargau [ ˈaːrɡaʊ ] ( listen ) ; sometimes Latinized as Argovia ; see also other names ) is one of the more northerly cantons of Switzerland . It is situated by the lower course of the Aare , which is why the canton is called Aar-gau ( meaning Aare province ) . It is one of the most densely populated regions of Switzerland .
Brugg ( sometimes written as Brugg AG in order to distinguish it from other Bruggs ) is a Swiss municipality and a town in the canton of Aargau and is the seat of the district of the same name . The town is located at the confluence of the Aare , Reuss , and Limmat , with the Aare flowing through its medieval part . It is located approximately 16 kilometers ( 9.9 mi ) from the cantonal capital of Aarau ; 28 kilometers ( 17 mi ) from Zürich ; and about 45 kilometers ( 28 mi ) from Basel . Brugg is the Swiss German term for bridge ( German : Brücke ) . This is an allusion to the purpose of the medieval town 's establishment under the Habsburgs , as the town is located at the narrowest point on the Aare in the Swiss midlands . The Habsburgs oldest known residence is located in the neighborhood of Altenburg , which had previously been an independent community . Prior to their relocation to Austria , Brugg was the center of the Habsburgs ' territory . Between 1415 and Napoleons invasion in 1798 , Brugg was a subject territory of Bern . Since then it has belonged to the canton of Aargau . The town is the home of the Swiss Farmers Union and is the location of a campus of the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland . Brugg 's Vindonissa museum is listed as a heritage site of national significance . An engineer training unit of the Swiss army is also based in the town .
Frick is a municipality in the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland .
The Brünig railway line ( German : Brünigbahn ) is a Swiss narrow gauge railway line that links Lucerne , in central Switzerland , with Interlaken , in the Bernese Oberland . The line runs via Alpnachstad , Giswil , Meiringen and Brienz , and passes over the Brünig Pass , using sections of rack railway to overcome the gradients , but with most of the line operated by normal adhesion methods . The line is 74 kilometres ( 46 mi ) long . It opened in stages between 1888 and 1916 , and was , between 1903 and 2004 , the only narrow gauge line of the Swiss Federal Railways . Today the line forms part , along with the Luzern-Stans-Engelberg line , of the Zentralbahn company . The line is served by InterRegio trains that operate the full length of the line , with regular ( non-rack ) Regio trains between Interlaken and Meiringen , and Lucerne S-Bahn trains between Lucerne and Giswil . The section between Hergiswil and Lucerne is shared with the Luzern-Stans-Engelberg line .
The canton of Bern or Berne ( German : Kanton Bern ; French : canton de Berne ) is the second-largest of the 26 Swiss cantons by both surface area and population . Located in west-central Switzerland , it borders the canton of Jura and the canton of Solothurn to the north . To the west lie the canton of Neuchâtel , the canton of Fribourg and canton of Vaud . To the south lies the canton of Valais . East of the canton of Bern lie the cantons of Uri , Nidwalden , Obwalden , Lucerne and Aargau . The canton of Bern is bilingual and has a population ( as of 31 December 2018 ) of 1,034,977 . As of 2007 [ update ] , the population included 119,930 ( or 12.45% ) foreigners . The cantonal capital , also the federal city of Switzerland , is Bern . Other major cities are Thun and Biel/Bienne .
The canton of Nidwalden , also canton of Nidwald ( German : Kanton Nidwalden , [ ˈnidˌvaldən ] ( listen ) ) is a canton of Switzerland . It is located in the centre of Switzerland . The population is 40,287 ( in 2007 ) of which 4,046 ( or 10% ) are foreigners . The capital is Stans .
Meiringen is a municipality in the Interlaken-Oberhasli administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland . Besides the village of Meiringen , the municipality includes the settlements of Balm , Brünigen , Eisenbolgen , Hausen , Prasti , Sand , Stein , Unterbach , Unterheidon , Wylerli and Zaun . Meiringen is famous for the nearby Reichenbach Falls , a spectacular waterfall that was the setting for the final showdown between Sir Arthur Conan Doyle 's fictional detective Sherlock Holmes and his nemesis Professor Moriarty . The village is also known for its claim to have been the place where the meringue was first created . The municipal coat of arms shows a black eagle in a yellow field . ( Or an Eagle displayed Sable crowned , beaked , langued and membered of the first . ) Formerly the coat of arms of the entire Oberhasli Talschaft , this design continues the imperial coat of arms .
Giswil is a municipality in the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland .
The Furka Cogwheel Steam Railway ( German : Dampfbahn Furka-Bergstrecke ( DFB ) ) is a largely volunteer operated heritage railway which operates a partially rack and pinion-operated line across the Furka Pass , between Realp in Uri and Oberwald in Valais . Culminating at 2,160 metres ( 7,087 ft ) , above sea level , it is an old mountainous section of the Furka Oberalp Bahn ( FO ) that was abandoned after the construction of the Furka Tunnel . :86 It has been gradually brought back into service by the Verein Furka-Bergstrecke with the use of only steam locomotives , with the entire line completed in 2010.:86-7 The Furka Railway is the second highest rail crossing in Europe , after the Bernina Railway . The Uri side of the line also constitutes the highest railway in Central Switzerland .
The canton of Uri ( German : Kanton Uri [ ˈuːʁi ] ( listen ) ) is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland and a founding member of the Swiss Confederation . It is located in Central Switzerland . The canton 's territory covers the valley of the Reuss between the St. Gotthard Pass and Lake Lucerne . The official language of Uri is ( the Swiss variety of Standard ) German , but the main spoken dialect is the Alemannic Swiss German called Urner German [ de ] . Uri was the only canton where the children in school had to learn Italian as their first foreign language . But in the school year of 2005/2006 this was changed to English as in other Central and Northeastern Swiss cantons . The population is about 35,000 of which 3,046 ( or 8.7% ) are foreigners . The legendary William Tell is said to have hailed from Uri . The historical landmark Rütli lies within the canton of Uri .
The canton of Valais ( UK : /ˈvæleɪ/ VAL-ay , US : /væˈleɪ/ val-AY , French : [ valɛ ] ( listen ) ; German : ( Kanton ) Wallis [ ˈvalɪs ] ( listen ) ; Italian : ( Canton ) Vallese [ valˈleːze , -eːse ] ) is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland , situated in the southwestern part of the country , around the valley of the Rhône from its headwaters to Lake Geneva , separating the Pennine Alps from the Bernese Alps . The canton is simultaneously one of the driest regions of Switzerland in its central Rhône valley and among the wettest , having large amounts of snow and rain up on the highest peaks found in Switzerland . The canton of Valais is widely known for the Matterhorn and resort towns such as Crans-Montana , Saas Fee , Verbier and Zermatt . It is composed of 13 districts ( hence the 13 stars on the flag ) and its capital is Sion .
Realp ( archaic Urnerdeutsch [ de ] : Frialp ) is a municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland .
Gletsch ( 1,757 m ( 5,764 ft ) ) is a hamlet in the German-speaking half of the canton of Valais , located in the upper Rhone valley , called Obergoms ( 'Upper Goms ' ) , 2.5 kilometres ( 1.6 mi ) , southeast below the Rhone Glacier 's mouth and itself the headwaters of the Rhône . It is called Gletsch ( some short of Gletscher , the German term for glacier ) , since the first building was the predecessor of the Hôtel Glacier du Rhône ( c. 1860 ) built more or less just next to the glacier 's mouth in 1830 . It belongs to the municipality of Obergoms . Gletsch lies at the crossroads of the Grimsel Pass ( leading to the Bernese Oberland ) and the Furka Pass ( leading to Andermatt , the central Swiss transport cross , and eventually either to Central Switzerland , or the Grisonian Surselva , or the Ticino ) . The Gletsch railway station is operated by the Furka Cogwheel Steam Railway .
The Furka Oberalp Railway ( German : Furka Oberalp Bahn ) is a narrow gauge mountain railway in Switzerland with a gauge of 1,000 mm ( 3 ft 3 3⁄8 in ) . It runs in the Graubünden , Uri and Canton of Valais . Since January 1 , 2003 it is part of the Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn when it merged with the BVZ Zermatt-Bahn . The line begins in Disentis in the canton of Graubünden , where there is a connection to the Rhätische Bahn ( RhB ) . It then runs over the Oberalp Pass to Andermatt in the canton of Uri . Through the Furka Base Tunnel it reaches the Goms District area and Brig in the canton of Valais . In Brig , it connects to the BVZ Zermattbahn since 1930 . The first half of the line was opened by the French company Brig-Furka-Disentis Bahn ( BFD ) in 1914 . Trains could go as far as Gletsch , starting from Brig . Construction of the second part over the Furka Pass and Oberalp Pass was well under way when the war situation in France halted all works by 1915 . The company lingered on , but was finally bankrupt in 1923 . Two years later the railway had a new owner , called Furka Oberalp Bahn , founded by the cantons and the neighbouring railway companies .
Oberwald is a village in the municipality of Obergoms in Goms District in the canton of Valais in Switzerland . It is situated at an elevation of 1,377 m and had a population of 277 in December 2007 . [ citation needed ] It is located at the end of the Goms , directly before the Furka and Grimsel passes , underneath the Rhône River source at the Rhône Glacier . It is also the startpoint of the Furka Tunnel . Most inhabitants live off tourism or sheep farming . Oberwald was an independent municipality until January 1 , 2009 , when it merged with Ulrichen and Obergesteln to form the municipality of Obergoms .
Col de la Givrine ( el . 1228 m. ) is a high mountain pass in the Jura Mountains in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland , near the border with France . It connects Nyon in Switzerland and Morez in France . The maximum grade of the pass road is 8 percent . The pass is crossed by the Nyon-St-Cergue-La Cure railway , although the railway stops at the French border . It is the highest railway in the Jura Mountains .
The canton of Vaud ( /voʊ/ VOH , French : [ vo ] ; German : Waadt , pronounced [ vat ] ( listen ) or [ vaːt ] ) is the third largest of the Swiss cantons by population and fourth by size . It is located in Romandy , the French-speaking western part of the country ; and borders the canton of Neuchâtel to the north , the cantons of Fribourg and Bern to the east , Valais and Lake Geneva to the south , the canton of Geneva to the south-west and France ( Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and Bourgogne-Franche-Comté ) to the west . The capital and biggest city is Lausanne , officially designated Olympic Capital by the International Olympic Committee and hosts many international sports organizations . Other main cities are Yverdon-les-Bains and Montreux . As of 2018 the canton has a population of 799,145 .
Nyon [ njɔ̃ ] is a municipality in Nyon District in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland . It is located some 25 kilometers north east of Geneva 's city centre , and since the 1970s it has become part of the Geneva metropolitan area . It lies on the shores of Lake Geneva and is the seat of Nyon District . The town has ( as of December 2018 [ update ] ) a population of 21,198 and is famous in the sporting world for being the headquarters of the Union of European Football Associations ( UEFA ) and the European Club Association ( ECA ) . It is connected to the rest of Switzerland by way of the Route Suisse , the A1 Motorway and the railways of the Arc Lémanique .
La Cure is a small village located thirty miles north of Geneva , Switzerland . Part of the village lies in Switzerland , and part in France , with the boundary dividing not only the village itself , but at least four structures within it . One of these structures is the Hotel Arbez , in which the dining hall and other rooms are bisected by the border .
Kerenzerberg Pass ( el . 743 m. ) is a mountain pass in the Alps in the canton of Glarus in Switzerland . It connects Mollis and Mühlehorn above the Walensee . The pass road was built in 1848 and has a maximum grade of 10 percent . Two tunnels have been dug under the pass , a road tunnel for the A-3 Autobahn and a rail tunnel for the Ziegelbrücke to Sargans railway line . The area is known for both summer and winter sport .
The canton of Glarus , also canton of Glaris ( German : Kanton Glarus , [ ˈɡlaʁʊs ] ( listen ) ) is a canton in east central Switzerland . The capital is Glarus . The population speaks a variety of Alemannic German . The majority of the population ( 81% ) identifies as Christian , about evenly split between the Protestant and Catholic denominations .
Mollis is a former municipality in the canton of Glarus in Switzerland . Effective from 1 January 2011 , Mollis is part of the municipality of Glarus Nord .
Mühlehorn is a former municipality in the canton of Glarus in Switzerland . Effective from 1 January 2011 , Mühlehorn is part of the municipality of Glarus Nord .
The Kleine Scheidegg ( English : Little Scheidegg ) is a mountain pass at an elevation of 2,061 m ( 6,762 ft ) , situated below and between the Eiger and Lauberhorn peaks in the Bernese Oberland region of Switzerland . The name means minor watershed , even though it is actually higher than the neighbouring Grosse Scheidegg . Possibly this is because Kleine Scheidegg is a watershed between the two arms of the Lütschine river , while Grosse Scheidegg divides the Lütschine from the Rychenbach stream . [ citation needed ] The pass is traversed by a walking trail and the Wengernalp railway , which both connect the villages of Grindelwald with Lauterbrunnen , passing through Wengen between the pass summit and Lauterbrunnen . In winter , Kleine Scheidegg is the centre of the ski area around Grindelwald and Wengen . In summer , it is a popular hiking destination , and is one of the passes crossed by the Alpine Pass Route between Sargans and Montreux . The Jungfrau Marathon , a mountain race that takes place every year in early September , ends at Kleine Scheidegg . The Kleine Scheidegg railway station is sited at the summit of the pass . Besides being an intermediate stop on the Wengernalp railway , the station is also the lower terminus of the Jungfrau railway , which climbs steeply through tunnels inside the Eiger and Mönch mountains up to its terminal at the Jungfraujoch , the highest point reachable by rail in Europe . Both railways operate year-round , and any passengers travelling to the Jungfraujoch must change trains at Kleine Scheidegg . The pass is linked to the summit of the Lauberhorn and to Arvengarten , on the approach to the pass from Grindelwald , by chairlifts . There are also several restaurants and hotels at the summit of the pass , including the historic Hotel Bellevue des Alpes that dates back to 1840 .
The canton of Bern or Berne ( German : Kanton Bern ; French : canton de Berne ) is the second-largest of the 26 Swiss cantons by both surface area and population . Located in west-central Switzerland , it borders the canton of Jura and the canton of Solothurn to the north . To the west lie the canton of Neuchâtel , the canton of Fribourg and canton of Vaud . To the south lies the canton of Valais . East of the canton of Bern lie the cantons of Uri , Nidwalden , Obwalden , Lucerne and Aargau . The canton of Bern is bilingual and has a population ( as of 31 December 2018 ) of 1,034,977 . As of 2007 [ update ] , the population included 119,930 ( or 12.45% ) foreigners . The cantonal capital , also the federal city of Switzerland , is Bern . Other major cities are Thun and Biel/Bienne .
Lauterbrunnen is a village and a municipality in the Interlaken-Oberhasli administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland . The municipality comprises the major Lauterbrunnen Valley ( German : Lauterbrunnental ) , the Soustal , the Sefinental , the upper Lauterbrunnen Valley with Untersteinberg including several glaciers , such as the Tschingelfirn and the Rottalgletscher , many Alpine meadows and peaks , such as Schilthorn , Bietenhorn , Schwarzmönch , and Silberhorn , and finally the villages Lauterbrunnen , Wengen , Mürren , Gimmelwald , Stechelberg , and Isenfluh , and several hamlets . The population of the village Lauterbrunnen is less than that of Wengen , but larger than that of the others .
Grindelwald is a village and municipality in the Interlaken-Oberhasli administrative district in the canton of Berne in Switzerland . In addition to the village of Grindelwald , the municipality also includes the settlements of Alpiglen , Burglauenen , Grund , Itramen , Mühlebach , Schwendi , Tschingelberg and Wargistal . Grindelwald village is located at 1,034 m ( 3,392 ft ) above sea level in the Bernese Alps .
The Lötschberg Tunnel is a 14.612 km ( 9.079 mi ) long railway tunnel on the Lötschberg Line , which connects Spiez and Brig at the northern end of the Simplon Tunnel cutting through the Bernese Alps of Switzerland . Its ends are at the towns of Kandersteg ( 2 km away ) in the canton of Berne and Goppenstein in the canton of Valais . The top elevation of the tunnel is 1,240 m ( 4,070 ft ) above sea level , this is the highest point of the main Swiss railway network . Construction began in 1907 and suffered delays by several severe accidents .
Kandersteg is a municipality in the Frutigen-Niedersimmental administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland . It is located along the valley of the River Kander , west of the Jungfrau massif . It is noted for its spectacular mountain scenery and sylvan alpine landscapes . Tourism is a very significant part of its economic life today . It offers outdoor activities year-round , with hiking trails and mountain climbing as well as downhill and cross-country skiing .
Disentis ( German ) or Mustér ( [ muˈʃteː ] ( help·info ) , Romansh ) , with its official name Disentis/Mustér is a village and a municipality in the Surselva Region in the Swiss canton of Graubünden . The skiing and summer tourism resort high up in the Rhine valley is the site of one of the oldest Benedictine monasteries in Switzerland . The monastery dates back to 720 , its huge actual complex dates from 1696 to 1712 .
Andermatt ( Romansh : Ursera ( help·info ) ) is a mountain village and municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland . At an altitude of 1437 meters above sea level , Andermatt is located at the center of the Saint-Gotthard Massif and the historical center cross of north-south and east-west traverses of Switzerland . It is some 28 km ( 17 mi ) south of Altdorf , the capital of Uri .
Saanenmöser ( el . 1279 m. ) is a high mountain pass in the Bernese Oberland in the Alps in Switzerland . It connects Zweisimmen and Saanen . The Montreux-Oberland Bernois Railway ( MOB ) also crosses the pass . It is the highest point on the line .
The canton of Bern or Berne ( German : Kanton Bern ; French : canton de Berne ) is the second-largest of the 26 Swiss cantons by both surface area and population . Located in west-central Switzerland , it borders the canton of Jura and the canton of Solothurn to the north . To the west lie the canton of Neuchâtel , the canton of Fribourg and canton of Vaud . To the south lies the canton of Valais . East of the canton of Bern lie the cantons of Uri , Nidwalden , Obwalden , Lucerne and Aargau . The canton of Bern is bilingual and has a population ( as of 31 December 2018 ) of 1,034,977 . As of 2007 [ update ] , the population included 119,930 ( or 12.45% ) foreigners . The cantonal capital , also the federal city of Switzerland , is Bern . Other major cities are Thun and Biel/Bienne .
Montreux ( UK : /mɒ̃ˈtrɜː/ , US : /mɒ̃ˈtroʊ/ , French : [ mɔ̃tʁø ] ) is a municipality and a Swiss town on the shoreline of Lake Geneva at the foot of the Alps . It belongs to the district of Riviera-Pays-d'Enhaut in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland and has a population of about 25,000 , and about 85,000 in the agglomeration Vevey-Montreux .
Zweisimmen is a municipality in the Obersimmental-Saanen administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland .
The Simplon Pass ( French : Col du Simplon ; German : Simplonpass ; Italian : Passo del Sempione ) ( 2,005 m or 6,578 ft ) is a high mountain pass between the Pennine Alps and the Lepontine Alps in Switzerland . It connects Brig in the canton of Valais with Domodossola in Piedmont ( Italy ) . The pass itself and the villages on each side of it , such as Gondo , are in Switzerland . The Simplon Tunnel was built beneath the vicinity of the pass in the early 20th century to carry rail traffic between the two countries . The lowest point of the col , and the lowest point on the watershed between the basins of the Rhone and the Po in Switzerland lies in marshland about 500 m ( 1,640 ft ) west of the Simplon Pass settlement at an altitude of 1,994 m or 6,542 ft. Rotelsee is a lake located near the pass at an elevation of 2,028 m ( 6,654 ft ) . There are several great peaks around that can be climbed directly from the pass . These include Wasenhorn , Hubschhorn , Breithorn ( Simplon ) , and Monte Leone .
Italy ( Italian : Italia [ iˈtaːlja ] ( listen ) ) , officially the Italian Republic ( Italian : Repubblica Italiana [ reˈpubblika itaˈljaːna ] ) , is a European country consisting of a peninsula delimited by the Alps and surrounded by several islands . Italy is located in south-central Europe , and it is also considered a part of Western Europe . The country covers a total area of 301,340 km2 ( 116,350 sq mi ) and shares land borders with France , Switzerland , Austria , Slovenia , and the enclaved microstates of Vatican City and San Marino . Italy has a territorial exclave in Switzerland ( Campione ) and a maritime exclave in the Tunisian Sea ( Lampedusa ) . With around 60 million inhabitants , Italy is the third-most populous member state of the European Union . The capital and largest city is Rome ; other major cities are Milan , Naples , Turin , Palermo , Genoa , Bologna , Florence and Venice . Due to its central geographic location in Southern Europe and the Mediterranean , Italy has historically been home to myriad peoples and cultures . In addition to the various ancient peoples dispersed throughout what is now modern-day Italy , the most predominant being the Indo-European Italic peoples who gave the peninsula its name , beginning from the classical era , Phoenicians and Carthaginians founded colonies mostly in insular Italy , Greeks established settlements in the so-called Magna Graecia of Southern Italy , while Etruscans and Celts inhabited central and northern Italy respectively . An Italic tribe known as the Latins formed the Roman Kingdom in the 8th century BC , which eventually became a republic with a government of the Senate and the People . The Roman Republic initially conquered and assimilated its neighbours on the Italian peninsula , eventually expanding and conquering parts of Europe , North Africa and Asia . By the first century BC , the Roman Empire emerged as the dominant power in the Mediterranean Basin and became a leading cultural , political and religious centre , inaugurating the Pax Romana , a period of more than 200 years during which Italy 's law , technology , economy , art , and literature developed . Italy remained the homeland of the Romans and the metropole of the empire , whose legacy can also be observed in the global distribution of culture , governments , Christianity and the Latin script .
Brig , officially Brig-Glis ( French : Brigue-Glis , Italian : Briga-Glis ) is a historic town and a municipality in the district of Brig in the canton of Valais in Switzerland . The current municipality was formed in 1972 through the merger of Brig ( city ) , Brigerbad and Glis . Together with other Alpine towns Brig-Glis engages in the Alpine Town of the Year Association for the implementation of the Alpine Convention to achieve sustainable development in the Alpine Arc . Brig-Glis was awarded Alpine Town of the Year 2008 . The official language of Brig is ( the Swiss variety of Standard ) German , but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect .
Domodossola ( Italian pronunciation : [ ˌdɔmoˈdɔssola ] ; Lombard : Dòm ) is a city and comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola , in the region of Piedmont , northern Italy . It was also known as Oscela , Oscella , Oscella dei Leponzi , Ossolo , Ossola Lepontiorum , and Domo d'Ossola ( due to its position in the Ossola valley ) .
The Gotthard Tunnel ( German : Gotthardtunnel , Italian : Galleria del San Gottardo ) is a 15-kilometre-long ( 9.3 mi ) railway tunnel and forms the summit of the Gotthard Railway in Switzerland . It connects Göschenen with Airolo and was the first tunnel through the Saint-Gotthard Massif in order to bypass the St Gotthard Pass . It is built as one double-track , standard gauge tunnel . When opened in 1882 , the Gotthard Tunnel was the longest tunnel in the world . The tunnel rises from the northern portal at Göschenen ( 1,106 m ( 3,629 ft ) ) and the highest point ( 1,151 m ( 3,776 ft ) ) is reached after approximately 8 kilometres ( 5.0 mi ) . After two more kilometers , the border between the cantons of Uri and Ticino is passed ; after another 5 kilometres ( 3.1 mi ) , the tunnel ends at the southern portal near to Airolo ( 1,142 m ( 3,747 ft ) ) . The trip takes about seven to eight minutes by train . Services are operated by the Swiss Federal Railways .
The canton of Ticino ( /tɪˈtʃiːnoʊ/ ) , formally the Republic and Canton of Ticino , [ a ] is the southernmost canton of Switzerland . Ticino borders the canton of Uri to the north , the canton of Valais to the west ( through the Novena Pass ) , the canton of Graubünden to the northeast , Italy 's regions of Piedmont and Lombardy to the south and it surrounds the small Italian enclave of Campione d'Italia . Named after the river Ticino , it is the only canton where Italian is the sole official language and represents the bulk of the Italian-speaking area of Switzerland along with the southern parts of Graubünden . The land now occupied by the canton was annexed from Italian cities in the 15th century by various Swiss forces in the last transalpine campaigns of the Old Swiss Confederacy . In the Helvetic Republic , established 1798 , it was divided between the two new cantons of Bellinzona and Lugano . The creation of the Swiss Confederation in 1803 saw these two cantons combine to form the modern canton of Ticino .
Göschenen ( German , Italian : Casinotta , Romansh : Caschanuttais ) a village and municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland . It sits at the northern end of the Gotthard tunnel . The Göschenen riots ( 1875 ) saw Urner troops opening fire on Italian miners demonstrating for better working conditions and wages on the tunnel 's construction site .
Airolo ( Airöö in Lombard , in Romansh : Iriel ( help·info ) ) is a municipality in the district of Leventina in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland .
The Vereina Tunnel is a railway tunnel , and the principal part of the Vereina railway line , in the canton of Graubünden in eastern Switzerland . It connects the Landquart-Davos Platz and the Bever-Scuol-Tarasp lines . At 19,042 metres ( 62,474 ft ) in length , the Vereina Tunnel is the longest tunnel on the Swiss Rhaetian Railway ( RhB ) network as well as the world 's longest metre-gauge railway tunnel . The tunnel was built to improve all-weather transport links in the eastern part of Canton Graubünden , as the Flüela Pass ( between Davos and Susch ) is prone to heavy snowfall and avalanches in the winter months . Construction began in 1991 and the tunnel opened to traffic November 19 , 1999 . The total cost of the tunnel came to CHF 812 million . Service is based on hourly regional trains between Scuol-Tarasp and Chur , complemented every 30 minutes by car shuttle trains transporting road vehicles between the two valleys linked via the tunnel and by freight trains . The tunnel is single track , with passing loops ( each two km long ) in the middle and near the two portals . Electrification is the RhB overhead standard of 11 kV 16.7 Hz AC .
Klosters is a Swiss village in the Prättigau , politically part of the municipality of Klosters-Serneus , which belongs to the political district Prättigau/Davos in the canton of Graubünden . Klosters itself consists of the two main parts Klosters Dorf ( 'Village ' ) and Kloster Platz ( 'Place ' ) , and the settlements Selfranga , Äuja , Monbiel . Together with neighbouring Serneus , the two villages form the former municipality of Klosters-Serneus . On 1 January 2016 , the former municipality of Saas im Prättigau merged into Klosters-Serneus . The village 's ski resort lies 150 km ( 93 mi ) from Zurich , the nearest international airport . Klosters is 10 km ( 6.2 mi ) from Davos and part of its extended ski area .
Susch ( formerly Süs ) is a municipality in the district of Inn in the Swiss canton of Graubünden . On 1 January 2015 the former municipalities of Lavin and Susch merged into the municipality of Zernez . The Flüela Pass connects Susch with Davos .
Vue des Alpes ( el . 1282 m. ) is a high mountain pass in the Jura Mountains in the canton of Neuchâtel . It connects La Chaux-de-Fonds and Neuchâtel . The pass road has a maximum grade of 10 percent . A road tunnel for the motorway has greatly reduced the traffic over the pass . At about 1,050 metres above sea level , it is the third highest motorway in Switzerland . As implied by its name , the pass provides a panoramic view of the Swiss Alps on a clear day .
The Republic and Canton of Neuchâtel ( French : la République et Canton de Neuchâtel , IPA : [ kɑ̃tɔ̃ də nøʃɑtɛl ] ) is a French-speaking canton in western Switzerland . In 2007 , its population was 169,782 , of whom 39,654 ( or 23.4% ) were foreigners . The capital is Neuchâtel .
Neuchâtel or Neuchatel ( UK : /ˌnɜːʃæˈtɛl/ , US : /-ʃɑːˈ- , ˌnjuːʃəˈ- , ˌnʊʃɑːˈ-/ , French : [ nøʃɑtɛl ] ( listen ) ; Arpitan : Nôchâtél ; both from Old French : neu ( f ) new and chatel castle ; German : Neuenburg [ ˈnɔʏənˌbʊrɡ ] ( listen ) ; Romansh : Neuchâtel or Neufchâtel ; outdated Italian : Neocastello ) [ note 1 ] is a town , a municipality , and the capital of the Swiss canton of Neuchâtel on Lake Neuchâtel . The city has approximately 34,000 inhabitants ( 80,000 in the metropolitan area ) . The city is sometimes referred to historically by the German name Neuenburg , which has the same meaning . It was originally part of the Holy Roman Empire and later under Prussian control from 1707 until 1848 . The official language of Neuchâtel is French . Neuchâtel is a pilot of the Council of Europe and the European Commission Intercultural Cities programme .
La Chaux-de-Fonds ( French pronunciation : ​ [ laʃodəfɔ̃ ] ) is a Swiss city of the district of La Chaux-de-Fonds in the canton of Neuchâtel . It is located in the Jura mountains at an altitude of 1000 m , a few kilometers south of the French border . After Geneva , Lausanne and Fribourg , it is the fourth largest city located in the Romandie , the French-speaking part of the country , with a population ( as of December 2018 [ update ] ) of 37,952 . The city was founded in 1656 . Its growth and prosperity is mainly bound up with the watch-making industry . It is the most important centre of the watch making industry in the area known as the Watch Valley . Partially destroyed by a fire in 1794 , La Chaux-de-Fonds was rebuilt following a grid street plan , which was and is still original among Swiss cities , the only exception being the easternmost section of the city , which was spared of fire . This creates an interesting and obvious transition from the old section to the newer section . The roads in the original section are very narrow and winding , which then opens up to the grid pattern near the town square . The famous architect Le Corbusier , the writer Blaise Cendrars and the car maker Louis Chevrolet were born there . La Chaux-de-Fonds is a renowned centre of Art nouveau . In 2009 , La Chaux-de-Fonds and Le Locle , its sister city , were jointly awarded UNESCO World Heritage status for their exceptional universal value .
Weissenstein Pass ( el . 1284 m. ) is a high mountain pass in the Jura Mountains in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland . It connects Oberdorf and Gänsbrunnen . The pass road has a maximum grade of 22 percent and is one of the steepest roads in Switzerland .
The canton of Solothurn or canton of Soleure ( German : Kanton Solothurn ) is a canton of Switzerland . It is located in the northwest of Switzerland . The capital is Solothurn .
Oberdorf is a municipality in the district of Lebern in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland .
Gänsbrunnen is a municipality in the district of Thal in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland . The French name for Gänsbrunnen is Saint-Joseph . Gänsbrunnen is one of the smallest municipalities in Solothurn .
Wolfgang Pass ( 1,632 m ( 5,354 ft ) ) is a high mountain pass in the eastern Swiss Alps in the canton of Grisons in Switzerland . It connects Klosters and Davos with Davos being almost level with the pass . The pass road has a maximum grade of 10 percent and is kept open year-round . A line of the Rhaetian Railway also crosses the pass since 1890 . The pass is comparatively low as a mountain pass and was historically used also for international trade via the southern adjacent Scaletta Pass and later via the newly built road across Flüela Pass from 1868 . This road is still closed nowadays in winter and motorists are forced to use the Car shuttle train through the Vereina Tunnel ( or drive a long detour via Julier pass ) .
Klosters is a Swiss village in the Prättigau , politically part of the municipality of Klosters-Serneus , which belongs to the political district Prättigau/Davos in the canton of Graubünden . Klosters itself consists of the two main parts Klosters Dorf ( 'Village ' ) and Kloster Platz ( 'Place ' ) , and the settlements Selfranga , Äuja , Monbiel . Together with neighbouring Serneus , the two villages form the former municipality of Klosters-Serneus . On 1 January 2016 , the former municipality of Saas im Prättigau merged into Klosters-Serneus . The village 's ski resort lies 150 km ( 93 mi ) from Zurich , the nearest international airport . Klosters is 10 km ( 6.2 mi ) from Davos and part of its extended ski area .
Davos ( UK : /ˈdævɒs , dɑːˈvɒs/ , US : /dɑːˈvoʊs/ ; German : [ daˈfoːs ] or [ daˈvoːs ] ( listen ) ; Romansh : Tavau ; archaic Italian : Tavate ) is an Alpine town , and a municipality in the Prättigau/Davos Region in the canton of Graubünden , Switzerland . It has a permanent population of 10,899 ( 2018 ) . Davos is located on the river Landwasser , in the Rhaetian Alps , between the Plessur and Albula Range at 1,560 m ( 5,120 ft ) above sea level . The former Alpine resort village consists of two parts : Davos Dorf ( literally : Davos village ) to the northeast towards Klosters and further down through the Prättigau to Landquart , and Davos Platz ( literally : place ) to the southwest , which opens into the valley of the river Landwasser and eventually leads to Filisur . During summer season the Flüela Pass leads south-east into the Lower Engadine . Davos plays host to the World Economic Forum ( WEF ) , an annual meeting of global political and business elites ( often referred to simply as Davos ) , and has one of Switzerland 's biggest ski resorts . At the end of every year it serves as the site of the annual Spengler Cup ice-hockey tournament , hosted by the HC Davos local hockey team .