List of largest domes
By continent -- Asia
Table:
Held record

Diameter

Name

Location

Builder

Comment

2nd century–150

11.5 m[25]

Red Hall

Pergamon, Turkey

Roman Empire

Brick

150–1312

23.85 m[26]

Zeus Asklepios Temple

Pergamon, Turkey

Roman Empire

Earliest monumental brick dome[27]

1312–1659

25.60 m

Soltaniyeh

Soltaniyeh, Zanjan, Iran

Ilkhanate

1659–1934

44.0 m[28]

Gol Gumbaz

Bijapur, India

Sultanate of Bijapur

Mausoleum of Muhammad Adil Shah II (1627–57) of the Sultanate of Bijapur

1934–1960

60.0 m

Novosibirsk Opera and Ballet Theatre

Novosibirsk, Soviet Union

Reinforced Concrete

1937–1960

45.0 m[29]

Phsar Thom Thmei

Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Jean Desbois and Wladimir Kandaouroff

Reinforced Concrete

Known as the "Central Market" in English

1960–2001

108.0 m

Araneta Coliseum

Quezon City, Philippines

J. Amado Araneta

Also known as the Big Dome, it opened as the world's biggest indoor venue in 1960.

2001–2013

274.0 m

Ōita Stadium

Ōita, Japan

Kisho Kurokawa

Known as the Big Eye

2013–present

310.0 m

Singapore National Stadium

Singapore Sports Hub, Singapore

Dragages

Retractable roof; Architect – Arup Associates + DPA

Using the given table plus the background passages provided.

Solve the question: The dome that held the record for the longest period of time can be found in which modern-day country ? Respond with the correct answer (omit explanations) in JSON format as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Use only the information given.

Pergamon ( /ˈpɜːrɡəmən/ or /ˈpɜːrɡəmɒn/ ) , Pergamos or Pergamum ( /ˈpɜːrɡəməm/ ) ( Ancient Greek : τὸ Πέργαμον or ἡ Πέργαμος ) , was a rich and powerful ancient Greek city in Aeolis . It is located 26 kilometres ( 16 mi ) from the modern coastline of the Aegean Sea on a promontory on the north side of the river Caicus ( modern-day Bakırçay ) and northwest of the modern city of Bergama , Turkey . During the Hellenistic period , it became the capital of the Kingdom of Pergamon under the Attalid dynasty in 281-133 BC , who transformed it into one of the major cultural centres of the Greek world . Many remains of its impressive monuments can still be seen and especially the outstanding masterpiece of the Pergamon Altar . Pergamon was the northernmost of the seven churches of Asia cited in the New Testament Book of Revelation . The city is centered around a 335-metre-high ( 1,099 ft ) mesa of andesite which formed its acropolis . This mesa falls away sharply on the north , west , and east sides , but three natural terraces on the south side provide a route up to the top . To the west of the acropolis , the Selinus River ( modern Bergamaçay ) flows through the city , while the Ketios river ( modern Kestelçay ) passes by to the east .
The Roman Empire ( Latin : Imperium Rōmānum , Classical Latin : [ ɪmˈpɛrɪ.ũː roːˈmaːnũː ] ; Koinē Greek : Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων , romanized : Basileía tōn Rhōmaíōn ) was the post-Republican period of ancient Rome . As a polity it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe , North Africa and West Asia ruled by emperors . From the accession of Caesar Augustus to the military anarchy of the third century , it was a principate with Italy as metropole of the provinces and its city of Rome as sole capital ( 27 BC - 286 AD ) . Although fragmented briefly during the military crisis , the empire was forcibly reassembled , then ruled by multiple emperors who shared rule over the Western Roman Empire ( based in Milan and later in Ravenna ) and over the Eastern Roman Empire ( based in Nicomedia and later in Constantinople ) . Rome remained the nominal capital of both parts until 476 AD , when it sent the imperial insignia to Constantinople ( Byzantium - Ancient Greek : Βυζάντιον , Byzántion ) following the capture of Ravenna by the barbarians of Odoacer and the subsequent deposition of Romulus Augustus . The fall of the Western Roman Empire to Germanic kings , along with the hellenization of the Eastern Roman Empire into the Byzantine Empire , conventionally marks the end of Ancient Rome and the beginning of the Middle Ages . The predecessor state of the Roman Empire , the Roman Republic ( which had replaced Rome 's monarchy in the 6th century BC ) became severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflicts . In the mid-1st century BC Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC . Civil wars and proscriptions continued , culminating in the victory of Octavian , Caesar 's adopted son , over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC . The following year Octavian conquered Ptolemaic Egypt , ending the Hellenistic period that had begun with the conquests of Alexander the Great of Macedon in the 4th century BC . Octavian 's power then became unassailable , and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title Augustus , effectively making him the first Roman emperor . The first two centuries of the Empire saw a period of unprecedented stability and prosperity known as the Pax Romana ( Roman Peace ) .
Soltaniyeh ( Persian : سلطانيه , also Romanized as Solţānīyeh , Solţāneyyeh , Sultaniye , and Sultānīyeh ; also known as Saīdīyeh ; Latin : Soltania/ Sultania ) is the capital city of Soltaniyeh District of Abhar County , Zanjan Province , northwestern Iran . At the 2006 census , its population was 5,684 , in 1,649 families .
Zanjan ( Persian : زنجان , pronounced [ zænˈdʒɒːn ] ( listen ) ; Azerbaijani : زنگان ) is the capital of Zanjan Province in Iran . It lies 298 km ( 185 mi ) north-west of Tehran on the main highway to Tabriz and Turkey and approximately 125 km ( 78 mi ) from the Caspian Sea . The city is located about 20 kilometers south of the Qaflankuh Mountain Range . At the 2016 census , its population was 521,302 which is the 20th largest city in Iran . The population of Zanjan consists mostly of Iranian Azeris who can also speak the Azerbaijani language . Zanjan is 21733 square kilometers . Zanjan is known for its beautiful handcrafts such as knives , traditional sandals , called charoogh , and malileh , a handcraft made with silver wires . Zanjani artists make many things like various decorative dishes and their special covers as well as silver jewelry . In ancient times , Zanjan was known for its stainless and sharp knives . But this tradition is gradually becoming extinct by introduction of Chinese-made knives into the market which are far cheaper , more abundant and less artistic [ citation needed ] . Many villagers today are traditional carpet weavers , perhaps Zanjan 's most popular handcraft . Zanjan 's population boasts the highest level of happiness among the people of 30 other provinces in Iran , according to a detailed survey conducted by Isna .
Iran ( Persian : ایران Irān [ ʔiːˈɾɒːn ] ( listen ) ) , also called Persia , and officially the Islamic Republic of Iran ( Persian : جمهوری اسلامی ایران Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān ( listen ) [ dʒomhuːˌɾije eslɒːˌmije ʔiːˈɾɒn ] ) , is a country in Western Asia . With 82 million inhabitants , Iran is the world 's 18th most populous country . Its territory spans 1,648,195 km2 ( 636,372 sq mi ) , making it the second largest country in the Middle East and the 17th largest in the world . Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan , [ a ] to the north by the Caspian Sea , to the northeast by Turkmenistan , to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan , to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman , and to the west by Turkey and Iraq . Its central location in Eurasia and Western Asia , and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz , give it geostrategic importance . Tehran is the political and economic center of Iran , and the largest and most populous city in Western Asia with more than 8.8 million residents in the city and 15 million in the larger metropolitan area . Iran is home to one of the world 's oldest civilizations , beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE . It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE , and reached its territorial height in the sixth century BCE under Cyrus the Great , whose Achaemenid Empire stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley , one of the largest empires in history . The empire fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states . An Iranian rebellion established the Parthian Empire in the third century BCE , which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire , a leading world power for the next four centuries . Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE , and the subsequent Islamization of Iran led to the decline of the once dominant Zoroastrian religion . Iran 's major contributions to art , philosophy , and science spread throughout the Muslim world and beyond during the Islamic Golden Age .
The Ilkhanate , also spelled Il-khanate ( Persian : ایلخانان , Ilxānān ) , known to the Mongols as Ulus Hülegü ( Mongolian : Хүлэгийн улс , Hulegīn Uls ) was a khanate established from the southwestern sector of the Mongol Empire , ruled by the Mongol House of Hulagu . Hulagu Khan , the son of Tolui and grandson of Genghis Khan , inherited the Middle Eastern part of the Mongol Empire after his brother Möngke Khan died in 1260 . Its core territory lies in what is now part of the countries of Iran , Azerbaijan , and Turkey . At its greatest extent , the Ilkhanate also included parts of modern Iraq , Armenia , Georgia , Turkmenistan , Afghanistan , part of modern Dagestan , part of modern Tajikistan , and the northwestern edge of the Indian subcontinent . Later Ilkhanate rulers , beginning with Ghazan in 1295 , converted to Islam . In the 1330s , the Ilkhanate was ravaged by the Black Death . Its last khan Abu Sa'id died in 1335 , after which the khanate disintegrated .
Gol Gumbaz at Bijapur is the mausoleum of king Muhammad Adil Shah , Adil Shah Dynasty . Construction of the tomb , located in Vijayapura ( formerly Bijapur ) , Karnataka , India , was started in 1626 and completed in 1656 . The name is based on Gola gummata derived from Gol Gombadh meaning circular dome . It follows the style of Indo-islamic architecture . Even a slight whisper by someone standing in this gallery can be heard everywhere in the gallery , and if somebody claps , the echo can be heard several times .
Bijapur , officially known as Vijayapura , is the district headquarters of Bijapur District of Karnataka state of India . It is also the headquarters for Bijapur Taluka . Bijapur city is well known for its historical monuments of architectural importance built during the rule of the Adil Shahi dynasty . And it also well known for the sports by the popular Karnataka premier league team as Bijapur Bulls . Bijapur is located 530 km ( 330 mi ) northwest of the State Capital Bangalore and about 550 km ( 340 mi ) from Mumbai and 384 km ( 239 mi ) west of the city of Hyderabad . The city was established in the 10th-11th centuries by the Kalyani Chalukyas and was known as Vijayapura ( City of victory ) . The city was passed to Yadavas after Chalukya 's demise . In 1347 , the area was conquered by the Bahmani Sultanate . After the split of the Bahmani Sultanate , the Bijapur Sultanate ruled from the city . Relics of the Sultanates ' rule can be found in the city , including the Bijapur Fort , Bara Kaman , Jama Masjid , and Gol Gumbaz . Vijayapura , one of the popular heritage city located in the Karnataka state of India is also one of the top ten populated cities in Karnataka . The Bijapur city has been declared as one of the corporations in the state of Karnataka last year .
The Adil Shahi or Adilshahi , was a Shia Muslim dynasty , founded by Yusuf Adil Shah , that ruled the Sultanate of Bijapur , centred on present-day Bijapur district , Karnataka in India , in the Western area of the Deccan region of Southern India from 1489 to 1686 . Bijapur had been a province of the Bahmani Sultanate ( 1347-1518 ) , before its political decline in the last quarter of the 15th century and eventual break-up in 1518 . The Bijapur Sultanate was absorbed into the Mughal Empire on 12 September 1686 , after its conquest by the Emperor Aurangzeb . The founder of the dynasty , Yusuf Adil Shah ( 1490-1510 ) , was appointed Bahmani governor of the province , before creating a de facto independent Bijapur state . Yusuf and his son , Ismail , generally used the title Adil Khan . 'Khan ' , meaning 'Chief ' in Mongolian and adopted in Persian , conferred a lower status than 'Shah ' , indicating royal rank . Only with the rule of Yusuf 's grandson , Ibrahim Adil Shah I ( 1534-1558 ) , did the title of Adil Shah come into common use . The Bijapur Sultanate 's borders changed considerably throughout its history . Its northern boundary remained relatively stable , straddling contemporary Southern Maharashtra and Northern Karnataka . The Sultanate expanded southward , first with the conquest of the Raichur Doab following the defeat of the Vijayanagar Empire at the Battle of Talikota in 1565 . Later campaigns , notably during the reign of Mohammed Adil Shah ( 1627-1657 ) , extended Bijapur 's formal borders and nominal authority as far south as Bangalore . Bijapur was bounded on the West by the Portuguese state of Goa and on the East by the Sultanate of Golconda , ruled by the Qutb Shahi dynasty .
The Novosibirsk Opera and Ballet Theatre ( the official title is the Novosibirsk State Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre ( Russian : Новосибирский государственный академический театр оперы и балета ) ) is one of the most important theatres in Novosibirsk and Siberia . It is located at the center of Novosibirsk at Lenin square . The building was completed in February 1944 , and the first performance was held on 12 May 1945 . As of 2012 [ update ] , it is the largest theatre in Russia , larger than the Bolshoi Theatre ( literally Big theatre ) in Moscow . After its renovation in 2005 with computerized stage equipment , at the time it became the most technically advanced in Russia . The total area of the building is 11,837 m2 ( 127,410 sq ft ) , the volume is 294,340 m3 ( 10,395,000 cu ft ) . The theatre is often called the Siberian Coliseum because of its size and beauty . The auditorium seats more than 1,790 spectators . Its upper gallery is decorated with copies of antique Greek statues .
Novosibirsk ( /ˌnoʊvəsɪˈbɪərsk , -voʊs-/ , also UK : /ˌnɒv-/ ; Russian : Новосиби́рск , IPA : [ nəvəsʲɪˈbʲirsk ] ( listen ) , li . : New Siberia ) is the administrative center of Novosibirsk Oblast in Russia . Located in the southwestern part of Siberia on the banks of the Ob River , it is the third-most populous city in Russia ( after Moscow and St. Petersburg ) as well as the most populous city in Asian Russia , with a population of 1,612,833 as of the 2018 census . Novosibirsk was founded in 1893 on the Ob River crossing point of the future Trans-Siberian Railway . Originally named Novonikolayevsk , it grew rapidly into a major transport , commercial and industrial hub . The city was ravaged by the Russian Civil War but recovered during the early Soviet period , and gained its present name in 1926 . Under Stalin , Novosibirsk became one of the largest industrial centers of Siberia . Following the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War the city hosted many factories relocated from European Russia . Novosibirsk is home to the headquarters of numerous Russian corporations , as well as the world-renowned Novosibirsk Zoo . It is served by Tolmachevo Airport , the busiest airport in Siberia .
The Central Market ( Khmer : ផ្សារធំថ្មី , Phsar Thom Thmey , New Grand Market , French : Marché central de Phnom Penh ) is an Art Deco landmark of Phnom Penh , the capital of Cambodia . The bright yellow building completed in 1937 has a 26m high central dome , with four tall arch-roofed arms branching out diagonally across the block , creating vast hallways housing countless stalls and all kinds of goods . Initially designed by city architect Jean Desbois , construction works were supervised by French architect Louis Chauchon . When it first opened in 1937 , it was said to be the biggest market in Asia ; today it still operates as a market . After Phnom Penh became the capital of the French protectorate of Cambodia within French Indochina in 1867 , the population grew enormously and the French set about creating a spacious modern city . The decision to build a market dates back to the end of the 1920s in response to the increase in the population to 90,000 inhabitants . It was decided to build it on a marshland in the center of the Chinatown of the time , but the project did not start until 1934 because of the turmoil of the Great Depression . It was designed by Jean Desbois ( 1891 Cherbourg -1971 Lorient ) , the architect of the city from 1931-37 , and its implementation will be supervised by Louis Chauchon ( 1875 - 1945 Saigon ) and the ingenue Wladimir Kandaouroff . The works are entrusted to the Indochinese Society of Studies and Construction which has already built the markets of Battambang and Cholon . The marsh was drained and work began in August 1935 and was completed in 22 months later ; the market was inaugurated by King Sisowath Monivong in September 1937 . Since its completion , wet season flooding around the market has remained a problem , a reminder of the marshland it once was . The areas between the four diagonal arms and the surrounding streets were originally planted as gardens ; over the years the gardens were gradually filled with various temporary structures , greatly increasing the number of stalls .
Phnom Penh ( / ( pə ) ˌnɒm ˈpɛn , ˌpnɒm -/ ; Khmer : ភ្នំពេញ , romanized : phnum pɨñ , IPA : [ pʰnʊm ˈpɨɲ ] ; literally Penh 's Hill ) , formerly known as Krong Chaktomuk Serimongkul ( Khmer : ក្រុងចតុមុខសិរីមង្គល means The City of the Brahma 's Faces ) or shortly known as Krong Chaktomuk ( Khmer : ក្រុងចតុមុខ ) , is the capital and most populous city in Cambodia . Phnom Penh has been the national capital since French colonization of Cambodia , and has grown to become the nation 's economic , industrial , and cultural center . Once known as the Pearl of Asia , it was considered one of the loveliest French-built cities in Indochina in the 1920s . Phnom Penh , along with Siem Reap and Sihanoukville , are significant global and domestic tourist destinations for Cambodia . Founded in 1372 , the city is noted for its historical architecture and attractions . It became the national capital in 1434 following the fall of Angkor , and remained so until 1497 . It regained its capital status during the French colonial era in 1865 . There are a number of surviving French colonial buildings scattered along the grand boulevards . On the banks of the Tonlé Sap , Mekong , and Bassac Rivers , Phnom Penh is home to more than 2 million people , approximately 14% of the Cambodian population .
Cambodia ( /kæmˈboʊdiə/ ( listen ) ; also Kampuchea /ˌkæmpʊˈtʃiːə/ ; Khmer : កម្ពុជា [ kam.pu.ciə ] ; French : Cambodge ) , officially the Kingdom of Cambodia ( Khmer : ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា , prĕəh riəciənaacak kampuciə , IPA : [ prĕəh riə.ciə.naː.caʔ kam.pu.ciə ] ; French : Royaume du Cambodge ) , is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochina peninsula in Southeast Asia . It is 181,035 square kilometres ( 69,898 square miles ) in area , bordered by Thailand to the northwest , Laos to the northeast , Vietnam to the east and the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest . The sovereign state of Cambodia has a population of over 15 million . The official religion is Theravada Buddhism , practised by approximately 95 percent of the population . Cambodia 's minority groups include Vietnamese , Chinese , Chams and 30 hill tribes . The capital and largest city is Phnom Penh , the political , economic and cultural centre of Cambodia . The kingdom is an elective constitutional monarchy with a monarch , currently Norodom Sihamoni , chosen by the Royal Council of the Throne as head of state . The head of government is the Prime Minister , currently Hun Sen , the longest serving non-royal leader in Southeast Asia , ruling Cambodia since 1985 . In 802 AD , Jayavarman II declared himself king , uniting the warring Khmer princes of Chenla under the name Kambuja . This marked the beginning of the Khmer Empire , which flourished for over 600 years , allowing successive kings to control and exert influence over much of Southeast Asia and accumulate immense power and wealth . The Indianised kingdom facilitated the spread of first Hinduism and then Buddhism to much of Southeast Asia and undertook many religious infrastructural projects throughout the region , including the construction of more than 1,000 temples and monuments in Angkor alone . Angkor Wat is the most famous of these structures and is designated as a World Heritage Site .
The Smart Araneta Coliseum ( formerly and also known as Araneta Coliseum ) or The Big Dome , is an indoor multi-purpose sports arena that is part of the Araneta City in the Cubao area of Quezon City , Philippines . It is one of the largest indoor arenas in Asia , and it is also one of the largest clear span domes in the world . The dome measures approximately 108.0 meters making it the largest dome in Asia from its opening in 1960 until 2001 when it was surpassed by the Ōita Stadium in Japan with a dome measuring 274.0 meters . The Smart Araneta Coliseum is mostly used for sports such as basketball . It is a main venue of the Philippine Basketball Association and for the basketball games of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and the University Athletic Association of the Philippines . The Big Dome is also used for boxing , cockfighting , local and international concerts , circuses , religious gatherings , beauty pageants and more .
Quezon City ( UK : /ˈkeɪzɒn/ , US : /ˈkeɪsɒn , -sɔːn , -soʊn/ ; Tagalog : Lungsod Quezon [ luŋˈsod ˈkɛson ] ; also known as QC or Kyusi ) is a highly urbanized city and the most populous city in the Philippines . It was founded by and named after Manuel L. Quezon , the 2nd President of the Philippines , to replace Manila as the national capital . The city was proclaimed as such in 1948 , though a significant number of government buildings remained in Manila . Quezon City held status as the official capital until 1976 when a presidential decree was issued to reinstate and designate Manila as the capital and Metro Manila as the seat of government . It is the largest city in terms of population and land area in Metro Manila , the National Capital Region of the Philippines . Quezon City is not located in and should not be confused with Quezon Province , which was also named after the president . Quezon City hosts a number of government offices , the most important of which are the Batasang Pambansa Complex ( the seat of the House of Representatives , the lower chamber of the Philippine Congress ) , and the Quezon City Reception House ( the current seat of the Vice President of the Philippines ) . Quezon City also serves as home to the University of the Philippines Diliman - the national university - and Ateneo de Manila University . Also located in Quezon City is the Quezon Memorial Circle , a national park . The park is an ellipse bounded by Elliptical Road . Its main feature is the Quezon Memorial Shrine , a 66-meter-tall mausoleum containing the remains of President Quezon and his wife , First Lady Aurora Quezon . The shrine is considered Quezon City 's foremost landmark and is depicted in its city seal .
The Philippines ( /ˈfɪləpiːnz/ ( listen ) ; Filipino : Pilipinas [ ˌpɪlɪˈpinɐs ] or Filipinas [ ˌfɪlɪˈpinɐs ] ) , officially the Republic of the Philippines ( Filipino : Republika ng Pilipinas ) , [ a ] is an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia . Situated in the western Pacific Ocean , it consists of about 7,641 islands that are broadly categorized under three main geographical divisions from north to south : Luzon , Visayas and Mindanao . The capital city of the Philippines is Manila and the most populous city is Quezon City , both part of Metro Manila . Bounded by the South China Sea on the west , the Philippine Sea on the east and the Celebes Sea on the southwest , the Philippines shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north , Japan to the northeast , Vietnam to the west , Palau to the east , and Malaysia and Indonesia to the south . The Philippines ' location on the Pacific Ring of Fire and close to the equator makes the Philippines prone to earthquakes and typhoons , but also endows it with abundant natural resources and some of the world 's greatest biodiversity . The Philippines is the world 's 5th largest island country with an area of 300,000 km2 ( 120,000 sq mi ) . As of 2015 , it had a population of at least 100 million . As of January 2018 [ update ] , it is the eighth-most populated country in Asia and the 12th most populated country in the world . Approximately 10 million additional Filipinos lived overseas , comprising one of the world 's largest diasporas . Multiple ethnicities and cultures are found throughout the islands . In prehistoric times , Negritos were some of the archipelago 's earliest inhabitants . They were followed by successive waves of Austronesian peoples .
J. Amado Araneta was a Filipino businessman . He was initially involved in sugar plantations , but invested in commercial real estate following the Second World War . He is best known for the development of the Araneta Center in Quezon City and for his influence in the Philippines both before and after the Second World War .
Showa Denko Dome Oita ( 昭和電工ドーム大分 ) is a multi-purpose stadium in the city of Ōita in Ōita Prefecture on Kyushu Island in Japan . The stadium is currently called Showa Denko Dome Oita ( 昭和電工ドーム大分 ) as an abbreviated form , by naming rights . It was formerly called as Kyushu Oil Dome ( 九州石油ドーム , Kyūshū Sekiyu Dōmu ) sponsored by the Kyushu Oil Co. until early 2010 and Oita Bank Dome ( 大分銀行ドーム , Ōita Ginkō Dōmu ) sponsored by the Oita Bank until early 2019 . It is primarily used for football , and is the home field of J . League club Oita Trinita . It was designed by the famous architect Kisho Kurokawa , and built by KT Group , Takenaka Corporation .
Ōita ( 大分市 , Ōita-shi ) is the capital city of Ōita Prefecture , located on the island of Kyushu , Japan . On January 1 , 2005 , the town of Notsuharu ( from Ōita District ) and the town of Saganoseki ( from Kitaamabe District ) were merged into Ōita .
Kisho Kurokawa ( 黒川 紀章 , Kurokawa Kishō ) ( April 8 , 1934 - October 12 , 2007 ) was a leading Japanese architect and one of the founders of the Metabolist Movement .
The National Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Kallang , Singapore . It was completed in late 2013 and officially opened on 30 June 2014 , on the site of the former National Stadium , which was closed in 2007 and demolished in 2010 . A centrepiece of the larger Singapore Sports Hub complex , the stadium hosts major association football matches , including the home matches of the Singapore national team . The stadium features the world 's largest retractable domed roof and the configurable seating on the lowest spectator tier to make it the only stadium in the world that is custom-designed to host different sporting events at any given time . Depending on its configurations , the stadium has a maximum seating capacity of 55,000 for football and rugby , 52,000 for cricket and 50,000 for athletics events/concerts . The roof is made out of insulated metal to reflect sunlight . In addition to Singapore 's home games , the stadium also hosts the International Champions Cup and the Singapore Sevens . It hosted the 2015 Southeast Asian Games , the 2014 World Club 10s , the 2014 and 2019 Brasil Global Tour , and the 2016 Singapore National Day Parade ( NDP ) . It is also one of the alternating venues of the Basic Military Training Graduation Parade for the Singapore Armed Forces recruits since September 2015 . Since 2016 , the National Stadium no longer hosts future NDP events due to the high costs of the venue .
The Singapore Sports Hub is a fully integrated sports , entertainment and lifestyle hub in Kallang , Singapore . Built in 2014 to host sporting and entertainment events , it replaced the former National Stadium on the recommendation of the then Community Development and Sports Minister Abdullah Tarmugi in 2001 . His proposal was based on a Committee on Sporting Singapore report to promote a culture of sports in the city-state . It is the first and largest sports facilities infrastructure Public-Private-Partnership ( PPP ) project in the world and Singapore 's flagship PPP project of this nature . Following an Invitation to Tender by the then Singapore Sports Council in 2006 , the consortium SportsHub Pte Ltd comprising four equity partners , InfraRed Capital Partners , Dragages Singapore , Cushman & Wakefield Facilities & Engineering , and Global Spectrum Asia , won the bid for the project on 19 January 2008 . It was officially appointed on 25 August 2010 to design , build , finance and operate the Singapore Sports Hub for a period of 25 years .
Singapore ( /ˈsɪŋ ( ɡ ) əpɔːr/ ( listen ) ) , officially the Republic of Singapore , is a sovereign city-state and island country in Southeast Asia . Singapore is located about one degree ( 137 kilometres or 85 miles ) north of the equator , and is situated off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula , and by extension , the southernmost extremity of continental Asia . The island country shares its southern maritime border with Indonesia 's Riau Islands , its northern , western , and eastern maritime borders with the Johor state of Peninsular Malaysia , and is in the vicinity of Sumatra to its west and Borneo to its east . It is enveloped by the littoral waters of the Johore Strait to its north and the Singapore Strait to its south , and is geographically positioned within the confluence of the Indian and Pacific Oceans , being bounded by the Malacca Strait to its west and the South China Sea to its east . The country 's territory is composed of one main island and 58 smaller islets , the combined area of which has increased by almost 25% since the country 's independence as a result of extensive land reclamation projects . Although Singapore has been a constituent part of several Hindu-Buddhist thalassocratic empires and Islamic sultanates throughout its millennia-long history , modern Singapore , then part of the erstwhile Johor Sultanate , was founded in 1819 when Stamford Raffles , a British colonial officer , established a trading post of the East India Company on the island . In 1824 , the island and its satellite islets were fully ceded by the Johor Sultanate , and in 1826 , Singapore was incorporated into the Straits Settlements , a group of East India Company territories in the Malay peninsula . From 1830 to 1858 , the Straits Settlements were administered as a Malayan subdivision of the East India Company 's Bengal Presidency ; following the Indian Rebellion of 1857 , the Presidency and its constituent Settlements were reorganised into the British Raj . In 1867 , Britain 's colonial holdings in the Malay archipelago were separated from British India , and the administration of the Straits Settlements was transferred from Calcutta to London , bringing the Straits Settlements under the direct control of the British Crown as a crown colony . From 1867 to the 1940s , Singapore grew into a successful entrepôt that attracted settlers and sojourners from the region and beyond . During the Second World War , Imperial Japan successfully invaded Singapore , resulting in an interregnum of British rule corresponding with a brief Japanese occupation from 1942 to 1945 . Following Japan 's surrender in 1945 , the Straits Settlements were dissolved , with Singapore being returned to British control as a standalone crown colony in 1946 .