American Champion Two-Year-Old Male Horse
Honorees -- Daily Racing Form , Turf & Sport Digest and Thoroughbred Racing Association Awards
Table:
Year

Horse

Trainer

Owner

1970

Hoist The Flag

Sidney Watters Jr.

Jane Forbes Clark

1969

Silent Screen

J. Bowes Bond

Elberon Farm

1968

Top Knight

Raymond Metcalf

Steven B. Wilson

1967

Vitriolic

Edward A. Neloy

Ogden Phipps

1966

Successor

Edward A. Neloy

Wheatley Stable

1965

Buckpasser

William C. Winfrey

Ogden Phipps

1964

Bold Lad

William C. Winfrey

Wheatley Stable

1963

Hurry to Market (TRA)[2](DRF)[3]

David Erb

Roger W. Wilson & Mrs. T. P. Hull Jr.

1963

Raise a Native (TSD)

Burley Parke

Louis Wolfson

1962

Never Bend

Woody Stephens

Cain Hoy Stable

1961

Crimson Satan

Gordon R. Potter

Peter W. Salmen Sr.

1960

Hail to Reason

Hirsch Jacobs

Hirsch Jacobs & Harbor View Farm

1959

Warfare

Hack Ross

Clifford H. Jones

1958

First Landing

Casey Hayes

Christopher Chenery

1957

Nadir (DRF)

Moody Jolley

Claiborne Farm

1957

Jewel's Reward (TRA)[4] (TSD)

Ivan H. Parke

Maine Chance Farm

1956

Barbizon

Horace A. Jones

Lucille P. Markey

1955

Needles

Hugh L. Fontaine

Jack Dudley & Bonnie Heath

1954

Nashua

James E. Fitzsimmons

Belair Stud

1953

Porterhouse (TRA)[5] (DRF)[6]

Charles E. Whittingham

Liz Whitney Tippett

With reference to the table together with the supporting evidence below.

Respond to the question below: What year was the owner of the horse Raise a Native convicted of selling unregistered shares ? Provide just your answer in a JSON object {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Do not introduce information beyond the provided sources.

Hoist The Flag ( 1968-1980 ) was an American Champion Thoroughbred racehorse . He was the outstanding two-year-old colt in the United States in 1970 when his wins included the Cowdin Stakes . Hoist The Flag was being prepared for the Triple Crown races when his career was ended by a leg injury . He subsequently became a highly successful and influential breeding stallion .
Silent Screen ( 1967-1993 ) was an American Champion Thoroughbred racehorse .
David Abraham Sonny Werblin ( March 17 , 1910 - November 21 , 1991 ) was a prominent entertainment industry executive and sports impresario who was an owner of the New York Jets and chairman of Madison Square Garden , and who built and managed the Meadowlands Sports Complex . Werblin was born in Brooklyn , New York . A graduate of Rutgers University , he went to work for Music Corporation of America ( MCA ) in 1932 and was so successful that in 1951 he was made president of MCA 's television division . At MCA , Werblin made a considerable name at identifying and managing talent . His managed list of major stars were a who's-who in not only music , but also movies and television . During the 1950s and 1960s , Werblin led a production team that developed television shows for all three major networks , an offshoot of his ability to manage the stars that were featured in them . The list of top-rated television shows MCA developed under Werblin , again , is lengthy . His power as a star-handler was such that eventually forces in the entertainment industry combined against him and MCA , resulting in lawsuits in 1962 . The company 's ability to manage stars would be curtailed greatly under new industry rules after that point . Up to then , he had been known in management circles as Mr. Show Biz , his power in the industry having been so great . Werblin left MCA and found a new business vehicle soon after : the American Football League , which he revolutionized . His impact on professional sports is still well-felt today .
Edward Albert Eddie Neloy ( May 15 , 1924 - May 26 , 1971 ) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse trainer . At age fourteen , he began working at a racetrack then joined the United States Army during World War II . During the intense action in the Italian Campaign following Operation Shingle , Neloy was seriously wounded in Anzio and lost an eye . When the war ended , Neloy returned to work in the horse racing industry and as a trainer in 1945 won the first race of a successful career that lasted until his death in 1971 . In the mid-1950s he trained for Maine Chance Farm and in 1964 was voted the National Turf Writers Trainer of the Year following an outstanding season that included Gedney Farms ' outstanding colt , Gun Bow . In 1966 , Eddie Neloy was chosen by the Phipps family to replace the retiring Bill Winfrey as their head trainer . Neloy was responsible for conditioning the horses of Gladys Mills Phipps ' Wheatley Stable , those of her son , Ogden Phipps , and her grandson , Dinny Phipps . In his first year , Neloy met with outstanding success , including winning thirteen straight races with Buckpasser who was voted American Horse of the Year honors . During the five years he was with the Phipps family until his death in 1971 , Neloy would be the U.S. leading money-winning trainer for 1966 through 1968 and the trainer of five Champions . Eddie Neloy was training the two-year-old filly Numbered Account and had won the Fashion Stakes with her when he died suddenly of a heart attack in 1971 . His accomplishments in Thoroughbred racing were recognized in 1983 when he was posthumously inducted in the United States ' National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame .
Ogden Phipps ( November 26 , 1908 - April 21 , 2002 ) was an American stockbroker , court tennis champion and Hall of Fame member , thoroughbred horse racing executive and owner/breeder , and an art collector and philanthropist . In 2001 , he was inducted into the International Court Tennis Hall of Fame .
Successor ( March 27 , 1964 - August 1 , 1971 ) was an American Champion Thoroughbred racehorse .
Wheatley Stable was the nom de course for the thoroughbred horse racing partnership formed by Gladys Mills Phipps and her brother , Ogden Livingston Mills . The horses were raised at Claiborne Farm near Paris , Kentucky .
Buckpasser ( 1963-1978 ) was an American-bred Thoroughbred racehorse that won 9 of his 11 race starts for international record winnings for a two-year-old of $ 586,090 . He was a leading broodmare sire in 1983 , 1984 , and 1989 . Buckpasser was a bay colt that was bred and owned by Ogden Phipps and foaled at Claiborne Farm in Paris , Kentucky . He was by the Horse of the Year-winner Tom Fool , and his dam was the stakes-winning mare Busanda , by the Triple Crown-winner War Admiral . Busandas second dam was the Blue Hen broodmare La Troienne ( FR ) . He was a half-brother to several other horses that included the stakes-winners Bupers ( won $ 221,688 ) and Bureaucracy ( $ 156,635 ) . Buckpasser was inbred in the fourth generation ( 4m x 4f ) to the French racehorse and influential sire Teddy . Racing official Dr. Manual Gilman said of him , Generally , every horse has about a hundred faults of conformation . I would defy anybody to pick a flaw in Buckpasser . Renowned horse painter Richard Stone Reeves said , Buckpasser was the most perfectly proportioned Thoroughbred I have ever seen . Only two horses , Secretariat and Affirmed , have since been in a class with Buckpasser .
William C. Bill Winfrey ( May 9 , 1916 - April 14 , 1994 ) was an American Hall of Fame Thoroughbred racehorse trainer . Bill Winfrey was born Colin Dickard . His father died when he was three , and two years later his mother married Hall-of-Fame trainer G. Carey Winfrey . He was officially adopted and took Winfrey 's last name . [ citation needed ] At age 15 , he became a jockey , but weight gain forced him to turn to training . In 1932 , he became the youngest licensed trainer in the United States . His career was interrupted by service with the United States Marine Corps during World War II . He retired after the 1969 season , but returned to training for two more years in 1977 and 1978 . During his career , Bill Winfrey trained 38 stakes winners , including seven champions , of which three were inducted in the U. S. Racing Hall of Fame . The most noted of them was two-time American Horse of the Year , Native Dancer . Winfrey was inducted into the United States ' National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in 1971 . A resident of San Clemente , California , he died in Lake Forest , California , at age 77 of complications from Alzheimer 's disease .
Bold Lad ( 1962-1986 ) was an American Champion Thoroughbred racehorse .
Hurry to Market ( foaled 1961 in Kentucky ) was an American Champion Thoroughbred racehorse . He was voted American Champion Two-Year-Old Colt in 1963 , but his career was ended by injury before he could run again .
David Erb ( born November 28 , 1923 in York , Nebraska ) is a retired jockey and trainer in Thoroughbred horse racing . He started riding as a young farm boy and began his professional riding career in 1938 , competing at tracks in his native Nebraska . He got his first win at Oaklawn Park Race Track in Hot Springs , Arkansas . In the June 18 , 1955 Californian Stakes at Hollywood Park Racetrack , Dave Erb was the substitute rider for the suspended Bill Shoemaker aboard Swaps . Erb piloted the three-year-old colt to a world record time of 1:40 2/5 for a mile and a sixteenth on dirt . That same year , Dave Erb became the regular jockey for future U.S . Racing Hall of Fame inductee , Swoon 's Son . Ridden by Erb in all but one of his twenty-two career stakes race wins , they raced primarily at tracks in Chicago and Kentucky In 1956 Erb won the most important races of his career aboard the future Hall of Fame colt , Needles . After winning the Flamingo Stakes and the Florida Derby , Erb and Needles narrowly missed winning the American Triple Crown . They won the Kentucky Derby , finished second to Fabius in the Preakness Stakes , then won the Belmont Stakes . After retiring as a jockey in 1960 , Dave Erb trained horses . In 1963 , he enjoyed great success with the colt Hurry to Market who was voted American Co-Champion Two-Year-Old Colt .
Raise a Native ( April 18 , 1961 - July 28 , 1988 ) was an undefeated Thoroughbred racehorse that was named 1963 champion two-year-old colt in the Turf and Sport Digest poll and was the highest rated juvenile in the Experimental Free Handicap . He sired 74 stakes winners , including Majestic Prince and Alydar . In its 1988 obituary for the horse , The New York Times called him the most influential sire of American Thoroughbred stallions over the last 20 years .
Burley Elijah Parke ( March 21 , 1905 - October 4 , 1977 ) was an American jockey and a Hall of Fame trainer in the sport of Thoroughbred horse racing .
Louis Elwood Wolfson ( January 28 , 1912 - December 30 , 2007 ) was a Wall Street financier and one of the first modern corporate raiders , labeled by Time as such in a 1956 article . Louis Wolfson became a self-made millionaire before he was 29 years old . He significantly contributed to the wealth of U.S. and global financial markets by creating the modern hostile tender offer , which laid the technical framework to the LBO . In later years he was a major thoroughbred horse racing participant best known as the owner and breeder of 1978 American Triple Crown winner , Affirmed . In 1967 , he was convicted of selling unregistered shares and obstruction of justice for which he served nine months in a federal prison . The conviction eventually led to the 1969 resignation of Supreme Court Justice Abe Fortas , who first returned a $ 20,000 retainer to a Wolfson foundation .
Never Bend ( 1960-1977 ) was an American Thoroughbred Champion racehorse and a leading sire in England .
Woody Stephens ( September 1 , 1913 - August 22 , 1998 ) was an American Thoroughbred horse racing Hall of Fame trainer .
Cain Hoy Stable was a Thoroughbred racing stable and horse breeding operation with training facilities in Columbia , South Carolina and Kissimmee , Florida . It was owned by Harry Guggenheim who also raced horses in Europe . A founding member of the New York Racing Association , Guggenheim began racing in 1929 and originally raced as the Falaise Stable , the name of his Long Island , New York estate . In 1943 he renamed it the Cain Hoy Stable for his Cain Hoy Plantation , a 15,000-acre ( 61 km2 ) timber and cattle plantation near Wando , South Carolina . The stable 's racing colors were blue and white blocks with white sleeves and cap . In 1959 , Cain Hoy Stable led all American owners in earnings . Among the jockeys who rode for Cain Hoy Stable were Henry Moreno , Manuel Ycaza and Braulio Baeza . Trainers who worked for the stable included Frank A. Bonsal , Moody Jolley , Loyd Gentry , Jr. , Eddie Hayward , William W. Stephens and U.S . Racing Hall of Fame inductees , Angel Penna , Sr. and Woody Stephens . Cain Hoy Stable owned the mare Anchors Aweigh , the dam of Never Bow , Make Sail , Sheet Anchor , as well as the mare Siama who was the Kentucky Broodmare of the Year in 1960 and dam of Bald Eagle , One-Eyed King , and Dead Ahead . Cain Hoy was part of a 1959 breeding syndicate that purchased Belmont Stakes winner , Cavan . The stable won numerous important graded stakes races including the Kentucky Oaks , Alabama Stakes , and Champagne Stakes on three occasions , and the then prestigious Belmont Futurity and Withers Stakes , twice .
Crimson Satan ( 1959-1982 ) was an American Thoroughbred Champion racehorse .
Hail To Reason ( April 18 , 1958 - February 24 , 1976 ) was an American thoroughbred racehorse and an influential sire .
Hirsch Jacobs ( April 8 , 1904 - February 13 , 1970 ) was an American thoroughbred horse trainer and owner .
Louis Elwood Wolfson ( January 28 , 1912 - December 30 , 2007 ) was a Wall Street financier and one of the first modern corporate raiders , labeled by Time as such in a 1956 article . Louis Wolfson became a self-made millionaire before he was 29 years old . He significantly contributed to the wealth of U.S. and global financial markets by creating the modern hostile tender offer , which laid the technical framework to the LBO . In later years he was a major thoroughbred horse racing participant best known as the owner and breeder of 1978 American Triple Crown winner , Affirmed . In 1967 , he was convicted of selling unregistered shares and obstruction of justice for which he served nine months in a federal prison . The conviction eventually led to the 1969 resignation of Supreme Court Justice Abe Fortas , who first returned a $ 20,000 retainer to a Wolfson foundation .
First Landing ( March 7 , 1956 - 1987 ) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse .
James Homer Casey Hayes ( June 16 , 1906 - June 25 , 1980 ) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse trainer whose horses won eight national Championship titles of which two were inducted in the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame . A native of Brevard , North Carolina , after working with show hunters and polo ponies , Hayes greatest success came during the twenty-six years between 1943 and 1969 when he trained Thoroughbreds for flat racing for Christopher Chenery . For Chenery , Casey Hayes conditioned horses that won more than 550 races , including the second leg of the U.S . Triple Crown series in 1950 .
Christopher Tompkins Chenery ( September 19 , 1886 - January 3 , 1973 ) was an American engineer , businessman , and the owner/breeder of record for Thoroughbred horse racing 's U.S . Triple Crown champion Secretariat .
Nadir ( foaled March 15 , 1955 ) was a Thoroughbred racehorse who was one of two colts voted the American Champion Two-Year-Old Colt of 1957 . He was bred and raced by Bull Hancock 's Claiborne Farm .
Moody S. Jolley ( March 23 , 1910 - February , 1976 ) was an American thoroughbred horse racing owner , breeder and trainer . His son , LeRoy , trained Ridan and other horses owned by the family .
Claiborne Farm is a thoroughbred horse breeding operation near Paris , Kentucky . It was established in 1910 by Arthur B. Hancock , owner of Ellerslie Farm in Albemarle County , Virginia , and has been operated by members of his family ever since .
Jewel 's Reward ( March 10 , 1955 - September 16 , 1959 ) was a Thoroughbred Champion racehorse . He was voted the American Champion Two-Year-Old Colt of 1957 by the Thoroughbred Racing Association and Turf & Sports Digest magazine . The rival Daily Racing Form poll was topped by Nadir . Owned by the Maine Chance Farm of Cosmetics Queen Elizabeth Arden , Jewel 's Reward was trained by National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame inductee Ivan Parke . Following his championship year , in which he won more money than any other two-year-old in history , at age three Jewel 's Reward was ranked a top contender for the U.S . Triple Crown series after winning the Wood Memorial Stakes at Belmont Park in Elmont , New York . However , an injury during a workout hampered the colt and after being sent off as the betting favorite , he ran fourth in the Kentucky Derby and seventh in the Preakness Stakes . Later that year , Jewel 's Reward was sent to race in California , where he was trained by Bill Molter . Returned to the East Coast , in August 1959 the four-year-old Jewel 's Reward came down with colic and died on September 16 in his barn at Belmont Park .
Ivan H. Parke ( November 1 , 1908 - January 20 , 1995 ) was an American Hall of Fame Thoroughbred horse racing jockey and trainer who won more races than any other jockey in the United States in 1923 , as an apprentice , and again in 1924 when he also was the United States Champion Jockey by earnings . Parke trained the 1945 Kentucky Derby winner , Hoop Jr. and Jewel 's Reward to 1957 American Champion Two-Year-Old Colt honors . Ivan Parke and four of his brothers had careers in Thoroughbred horse racing . Burley Parke , a jockey and outstanding trainer was also inducted into the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame . Both Charles and Monte were successful in their own right .
Maine Chance Farm was an American Thoroughbred horse racing stable in Lexington , Kentucky owned by cosmetics tycoon Elizabeth Arden . Elizabeth Arden raced under the nom de course Mr. Nightingale until 1943 when she adopted the name Maine Chance Farm from her health spa in Mount Vernon , Maine . During the nineteen forties and fifties , the Maine Chance Farm racing stable was a major force in American horse racing . Among the stable 's many champions and stakes race winners who raced under Arden 's cerise , blue and white colors were the colt Star Pilot and the filly , Beaugay , both 1945 American national champions . The Beaugay Handicap at Aqueduct Racetrack is named in the filly 's honor . That year , Maine Chance Farm was the top money-winning stable in the United States . In May 1946 , a fire at a racetrack in Chicago destroyed twenty-two horses owned by Maine Chance Farm . The stables ' two-year-old star colt Jet Pilot survived as he had been shipped to another racetrack . Two future Hall of Famers , trainer Tom Smith and jockey Eric Guerin worked for Maine Chance Farm and in 1947 , Jet Pilot won the Kentucky Derby . In 1948 , Ace Admiral won the prestigious Travers Stakes and in 1954 the Maine Chance filly Fascinator , won the Kentucky Oaks . In 1960 , the farm bred future Hall of Fame colt , Gun Bow . In 1956 , Ms Arden acquired the 722-acre ( 2.92 km2 ) northern portion of Coldstream Stud on the death of owner E. Dale Schaffer and renamed it Maine Chance Farm .
Horace A. Jimmy Jones ( November 24 , 1906 - September 2 , 2001 ) was an American thoroughbred horse trainer . The son of Hall of Fame horse trainer Ben A. Jones , Jimmy Jones was born in Parnell , Missouri . Raised around horses from infancy , he learned how to train them from his father while working with him at Woolford Farm in Prairie Village , Kansas from 1931 to 1939 , after which his father signed on as the head trainer at Calumet Farm in Lexington , Kentucky . There , Jimmy worked as his father 's assistant but his career was interrupted when he joined the United States military during World War II . After the war ended he returned to training horses , and in 1948 took over as head trainer from his father , who was appointed Calumet Farm 's general manager . In 1948 Jimmy Jones stepped aside as the trainer of record for Citation to allow his father to be officially designated as the trainer for the Kentucky Derby . Ben Jones wanted the opportunity to equal the record of Herbert J. Derby Dick Thompson , who had trained four Derby winners . Citation won the race . Ben Jones later returned to training and won the Derby two more times . Jimmy Jones was named Citation 's trainer for the Preakness Stakes and the Belmont Stakes . Citation became the Jones family 's second U.S . Triple Crown winner .
Lucille Parker Wright Markey ( December 14 , 1896 - July 24 , 1982 ) was an American businesswoman and philanthropist who owned Calumet Farm , a Thoroughbred horse farm in the United States famous for breeding many winning racehorses .
Needles ( April 29 , 1953 - October 15 , 1984 ) was an American Hall of Fame Champion Thoroughbred racehorse . In 1956 , he became the first Florida-bred horse to win the Kentucky Derby ; that year he also won the Belmont Stakes .
Hugh L. Fontaine ( November 7 , 1895 - June 1978 ) was an American fighter pilot during World War I and a Thoroughbred racehorse trainer . He was the trainer of the winning horse Needles in the 1956 Kentucky Derby and the 1956 Belmont Stakes . Born in New Orleans , Hugh Fontaine grew up in Memphis , Tennessee .
Nashua ( April 14 , 1952 - February 3 , 1982 ) was an American-born thoroughbred racehorse , best remembered for a 1955 match race against Swaps , the horse that had defeated him in the Kentucky Derby .
James Edward Sunny Jim Fitzsimmons ( July 23 , 1874 - March 11 , 1966 ) was a thoroughbred racehorse trainer .
Belair Stud was an American thoroughbred horse racing stable and breeding farm founded by Provincial Governor of Maryland Samuel Ogle in 1747 in Collington , Prince George 's County , Maryland , in Colonial America .
Porterhouse ( 1951-1971 ) was an American Champion Thoroughbred racehorse .
Charles Edward Whittingham ( April 13 , 1913 - April 20 , 1999 ) was an American Thoroughbred race horse trainer who is one of the most acclaimed trainers in U.S. racing history .
Mary Elizabeth Whitney Person Tippett ( born Mary Elizabeth Altemus ) ( June 18 , 1906 - October 30 , 1988 ) was a wealthy American socialite and philanthropist who was a champion horsewoman and for more than fifty years , a prominent owner/breeder of Thoroughbred racehorses .