23rd United States Congress
Changes in membership -- House of Representatives
Table:
District	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor 's formal installation

Kentucky 5th	Vacant	Contested election of Thomas P. Moore . House denied either party the seat and declared new election	Robert P. Letcher ( AJ )	Seated August 6 , 1834

Virginia 5th	John Randolph ( J )	Died May 24 , 1833	Thomas T. Bouldin ( J )	Seated December 2 , 1833

South Carolina 3rd	Thomas D. Singleton ( N )	Died November 25 , 1833	Robert B. Campbell ( N )	Seated February 27 , 1834

South Carolina 5th	George McDuffie ( N )	Resigned some time in 1834	Francis W. Pickens ( N )	Seated December 8 , 1834

Louisiana 3rd	Henry A. Bullard ( AJ )	Resigned January 4 , 1834 , after being appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Louisiana	Rice Garland ( AJ )	Seated April 28 , 1834

Massachusetts 5th	John Davis ( AJ )	Resigned January 14 , 1834 , after being elected Governor of Massachusetts	Levi Lincoln ( AJ )	Seated March 5 , 1834

Virginia 5th	Thomas T. Bouldin ( J )	Died February 11 , 1834	James W. Bouldin ( J )	Seated March 28 , 1834

Ohio 1st	Robert T. Lytle ( J )	Resigned March 10 , 1834	Robert T. Lytle ( J )	Re-seated December 27 , 1834

South Carolina 8th	James Blair ( J )	Died April 1 , 1834	Richard I. Manning ( J )	Seated December 8 , 1834

Maryland 1st	Littleton P. Dennis ( J )	Died April 14 , 1834	John N. Steele ( J )	Seated June 9 , 1834

Connecticut At-large	Samuel A . Foot ( AJ )	Resigned May 9 , 1834 , after becoming Governor of Connecticut	Ebenezer Jackson , Jr. ( AJ )	Seated December 1 , 1834

New York 3rd	Cornelius V. Lawrence ( J )	Resigned May 14 , 1834 , after becoming Mayor of New York City . This was a plural district with 4 representatives	John J. Morgan ( J )	Seated December 1 , 1834

Virginia 11th	Andrew Stevenson ( J )	Resigned June 2 , 1834	John Robertson ( AJ )	Seated December 1 , 1834

Massachusetts 2nd	Rufus Choate ( AJ )	Resigned June 30 , 1834	Stephen C. Phillips ( AJ )	Seated December 1 , 1834

New York 3rd	Dudley Selden ( J )	Resigned July 1 , 1834 . This was a plural district with 4 representatives	Charles G. Ferris ( J )	Seated December 1 , 1834

Connecticut At-large	William W. Ellsworth ( AJ )	Resigned July 8 , 1834	Joseph Trumbull ( AJ )	Seated December 1 , 1834

Ohio 19th	Humphrey H. Leavitt ( J )	Resigned July 10 , 1834 , after becoming judge of the US District Court of Ohio	Daniel Kilgore ( J )	Seated December 1 , 1834

Vermont 5th	Benjamin F. Deming ( AM )	Died July 11 , 1834	Henry F. Janes ( AM )	Seated December 2 , 1834

Illinois 1st	Charles Slade ( J )	Died July 26 , 1834	John Reynolds ( J )	Seated December 1 , 1834

Connecticut At-large	Jabez W. Huntington ( AJ )	Resigned August 16 , 1834 , after being appointed judge of the Connecticut Supreme Court of Errors	Phineas Miner ( AJ )	Seated December 1 , 1834

Consulting the provided table along with the background passages listed at the end.

Answer the following question: What is the date of the successor 's formal installation for the successor who was born in 1781 ? Provide just your answer in a JSON object {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Use only the information given.

Kentucky 's 5th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Kentucky . Located in the heart of Appalachia in Southeastern Kentucky , the rural district is the second most impoverished district in the nation and , as of the 2010 U.S. Census , has the highest percentage of White Americans in the nation . Within the district are the economic leading cities of Pikeville , Prestonsburg , Middlesboro , Hazard , Jackson , Morehead , London , and Somerset . The 5th congressional district is one of the few ancestrally Republican regions south of the Ohio River . Much of the region now in the district strongly supported the Union in the Civil War , and identified with the Republicans after hostilities ceased . Much of the eastern portion of the district was once part of the disbanded 7th congressional district , long a Democratic stronghold . The 7th was disbanded in 1992 after the 1990 census showed that the state 's population no longer merited seven districts . Geographically , the district consists of flat land areas to the west , to Appalachia highland mountains to the east and southeast . To the north to northeast of the district are rolling hills that end at the Ohio River . The district is represented by Republican Harold D. Hal Rogers , the dean of the Kentucky delegation . Rogers serves in various leadership positions in the U.S. House of Representatives .
Thomas Patrick Moore ( 1797 - July 21 , 1853 ) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky . Born in Charlotte County , Virginia , Moore attended the common schools . He moved with his parents to Harrodsburg , Kentucky . He attended Transylvania University , Lexington , Kentucky . He served in the War of 1812 . He served as captain in the Twelfth Virginia Infantry March 12 , 1812 . Major in the Eighteenth Infantry September 20 , 1813 . Honorably discharged June 15 , 1815 . He served as member of the Kentucky House of Representatives in 1819 and 1820 . Moore was elected as a Jackson Republican to the Eighteenth Congress and reelected as a Jacksonian candidate to the Nineteenth , and Twentieth Congresses ( March 4 , 1823 - March 4 , 1829 ) . He served as chairman of the Committee on Revisal and Unfinished Business ( Nineteenth Congress ) . He was appointed by President Andrew Jackson as Minister Plenipotentiary to Gran Colombia March 13 , 1829 , and served until April 16 , 1833 .
Robert Perkins Letcher ( February 10 , 1788 - January 24 , 1861 ) was a politician and lawyer from the US state of Kentucky . He served as a U.S. Representative , Minister to Mexico , and the 15th Governor of Kentucky . He also served in the Kentucky General Assembly where he was Speaker of the House in 1837 and 1838 . A strong supporter of the Whig Party , he was a friend of Henry Clay and John J. Crittenden . Letcher 's family came to Kentucky around 1800 . Letcher attended the private academy of Joshua Fry , then studied law . He was briefly a judge advocate in John Allen 's volunteer militia during the War of 1812 . He began his political career in 1813 , representing Garrard County in the Kentucky House of Representatives . In 1823 , he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives , where he served for more than a decade . During the 1824 presidential election , he acted as an intermediary between John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay . Adams ' opponent , Andrew Jackson , charged that , through these negotiations , Clay agreed to support Adams for president in exchange for being named Secretary of State . In 1840 , Letcher was chosen as the Whig nominee for governor of Kentucky over William Owsley .
Virginias fifth congressional district is a United States congressional district in the commonwealth of Virginia . It is Virginia 's largest district with an area of 10,181.03 square miles ( 26,368.7 km2 ) and is larger in area than six US states ( Vermont , New Jersey , Rhode Island , Connecticut , Delaware , and New Hampshire ) . The 5th District contains counties located in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge Region stretching vertically across the state from the Virginia-North Carolina Border going 250 miles up to Fauquier County in Northern Virginia , West of Washington DC . The districts first representative in Congress was James Madison , who defeated James Monroe in the district 's first congressional election . Madison and Monroe would go on to serve as the 4th and 5th Presidents of the United States . The current Congressman is Republican Denver Riggleman . Historically , the 5th was one of the first districts of Virginia to turn Republican in Presidential elections - though unlike the 6th where the decisive factor was ticket-splitting by Byrd Organization Democrats , here the decisive factor was the growth of middle-class Republicanism in the Charlottesville metropolitan area . In the decade preceding the Voting Rights Act , these were joined by a significant proportion of Virginias limited and almost entirely white electorate who preferred GOP positions on black civil rights . The district was to be one of two in Virginia giving a plurality to segregationist George Wallace in 1968 , and has never supported a Democrat for President since Harry S. Truman . However , the district was continually represented in Congress by fairly conservative Democrats until Virgil H. Goode , Jr. switched parties , first to independent and then to Republican . In 2008 , Democrat Tom Perriello defeated Goode by running on a progressive platform . Perriello lost to Republican Robert Hurt in 2010 .
John Randolph ( June 2 , 1773 - May 24 , 1833 ) , known as John Randolph of Roanoke , [ note 1 ] was a planter and a Congressman from Virginia , serving in the House of Representatives at various times between 1799 and 1833 , and the Senate from 1825 to 1827 . He was also Minister to Russia under Andrew Jackson in 1830 . After serving as President Thomas Jefferson 's spokesman in the House , he broke with the president in 1805 as a result of what he saw as the dilution of traditional Jeffersonian principles as well as perceived mistreatment during the impeachment of Samuel Chase , in which Randolph served as chief prosecutor . Following this split , Randolph proclaimed himself the leader of the Old Republicans or Tertium Quids , a wing of the Democratic-Republican Party who wanted to restrict the role of the federal government . Specifically , Randolph promoted the Principles of '98 , which said that individual states could judge the constitutionality of central government laws and decrees , and could refuse to enforce laws deemed unconstitutional . A quick-thinking orator with a remarkable wit , he was committed to republicanism and advocated a commercial agrarian society throughout his three decades in Congress . Randolph 's conservative stance , displayed in his arguments against debt and for the rights of the landed gentry , have been attributed to his ties to his family estate and the elitist values of his native Southside Virginia [ citation needed ] . His belief in the importance of a landed gentry led him to oppose the abolition of entail and primogeniture : The old families of Virginia will form connections with low people , and sink into the mass of overseers ' sons and daughters . Randolph vehemently opposed the War of 1812 and the Missouri Compromise of 1820 ; he was active in debates about tariffs , manufacturing , and currency . With mixed feelings about slavery , he was one of the founders of the American Colonization Society in 1816 , to send free blacks to a colony in Africa . At the same time , he believed that slavery was a necessity in Virginia , saying , The question of slavery , as it is called , is to us a question of life and death . You will find no instance in history where two distinct races have occupied the soil except in the relation of master and slave .
Thomas Tyler Bouldin ( 1781 - February 11 , 1834 ) was a U.S. Representative from Virginia , brother of James Wood Bouldin .
The 3rd Congressional District of South Carolina is a congressional district in western South Carolina bordering both Georgia and North Carolina . It includes all of Abbeville , Anderson , Edgefield , Greenwood , Laurens , McCormick , Oconee , Pickens and Saluda counties and portions of Greenville and Newberry counties . The district is mostly rural , but much of the economy revolves around the manufacturing centers of Anderson and Greenwood .
Thomas Day Singleton ( Birth date unknown - November 25 , 1833 ) was a United States Representative from South Carolina . He was born near Kingstree , South Carolina but his birth date is unknown . Singleton was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives , 1826-1833 . He was elected as a Nullifier to the Twenty-third Congress and served without having qualified , from March 3 , 1833 , until his death in Raleigh , North Carolina , November 25 , 1833 , while en route to Washington , D.C . He was buried in the Congressional Cemetery , Washington , D.C .
The Nullifier Party was an American political party based in South Carolina in the 1830s . Considered an early American third party , it was started by John C. Calhoun sometime in May-December 1828 . The Nullifier Party was a states ' rights , pro-slavery party that supported the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions , holding that states could nullify federal laws within their borders and that slavery should remain legal . It narrowly missed claiming the unofficial title of being the first ever third party to be created within the United States - that title belongs to the Anti-Masonic Party , which was created in New York in February 1828 . The Nullifier Party had several members in both houses of the Congress between 1831 and 1839 . Calhoun outlined the principles of the party in his South Carolina Exposition and Protest ( 1828 ) , a reaction to the Tariff of Abominations passed by Congress and signed into law by President John Quincy Adams . The party supported Calhoun 's ally John Floyd of Virginia for President in the 1832 election and the state legislature gave Floyd South Carolina 's 11 electoral votes , even though Floyd was not a candidate and had himself unsuccessfully tried to convince Calhoun to run for President . As for the party 's candidate for Vice President , the Massachusetts based political economist Henry Lee was selected . After President Andrew Jackson left office , Calhoun and most of his followers joined the Democratic Party .
Robert Blair Campbell ( died July 12 , 1862 ) was a U.S. Representative from South Carolina , brother of John Campbell , also of South Carolina .
The 5th Congressional District of South Carolina is a congressional district in northern South Carolina bordering North Carolina . The district includes all of Cherokee , Chester , Fairfield , Kershaw , Lancaster , Lee , Union and York counties and parts of Newberry , Spartanburg and Sumter counties . Outside the rapidly growing cities of Rock Hill , Fort Mill , and Lake Wylie the district is mostly rural and agricultural . The district borders were contracted from some of the easternmost counties in the 2012 redistricting . The district 's character is very similar to other mostly rural districts in the South . Democrats still hold most offices outside Republican-dominated York County . However , few of the area 's Democrats can be described as liberal by national standards ; most are fairly conservative on social issues , but less so on economics . The largest blocs of Republican voters are in the fast-growing suburbs of Charlotte , North Carolina and Cherokee County , which shares the Republican tilt of most of the rest of the Upstate . York County is by far the largest county in the district , with almost one-third of its population , and its Republican bent has pushed the district as a whole into the Republican column in recent years . In November 2010 , the Republican Mick Mulvaney defeated longtime Congressman John Spratt and became the first Republican since Robert Smalls and the end of Reconstruction to represent the district . Following Mulvaney 's confirmation as the Director of the Office of Management and Budget , a special election was held in 2017 to determine his successor . Republican Ralph Norman narrowly won the special election against Archie Parnell .
George McDuffie ( August 10 , 1790 - March 11 , 1851 ) was the 55th Governor of South Carolina and a member of the United States Senate . Born of modest means in McDuffie County , Georgia , McDuffie 's extraordinary intellect was noticed while clerking at a store in Augusta , Georgia . The Calhoun family sponsored his education at Moses Waddel 's famous Willington Academy , where he established an outstanding reputation . Graduating from South Carolina College in 1813 , he was admitted to the bar in 1814 , and went into partnership with Eldred Simkins at Edgefield . Rising rapidly , he served in the South Carolina General Assembly in 1818-1821 , and in the United States House of Representatives in 1821-1834 . In 1834 he became a major general of the South Carolina Militia . In 1821 he published a pamphlet in which strict states ' rights were strongly denounced ; yet in 1832 he became one of the greater nullifiers . The change seems to have been gradual , and to have been determined in part by the influence of John C. Calhoun . When , after 1824 , the old Democratic-Republican party split into factions , he followed Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren in opposing the Panama Congress and the policy of making Federal appropriations for internal improvements . He did not hesitate , however , to differ from Jackson on the two chief issues of his administration : the Bank and nullification . In 1832 he was a prominent member of the South Carolina Nullification Convention , and drafted its address to the people of the United States . He served as governor in 1834-1836 , during which time he helped to reorganize South Carolina College .
Francis Wilkinson Pickens ( 1805/1807 - January 25 , 1869 ) was a political Democrat and Governor of South Carolina when that state became the first to secede from the United States . A cousin of US Senator John C. Calhoun , Pickens was born into the culture of the antebellum plantocracy . He became an ardent supporter of nullification of federal tariffs when he served in the South Carolina House of Representatives before he was elected to Congress and then the state senate . As state governor during the Fort Sumter crisis , he sanctioned the firing on the ship bringing supplies to the beleaguered Union garrison , and to the bombardment of the fort . After the war , it was Pickens who introduced the motion to repeal South Carolina 's Ordinance of Secession , a short speech received in silence , in notable contrast with the rejoicing that had first greeted the Ordinance .
Louisiana 's 3rd congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Louisiana . The district covers the southwestern and south central portion of the state , ranging from the Texas border to the Atchafalaya River . The district is currently represented by Republican Clay Higgins , a former sheriff 's deputy from Point Barre known for his controversial Crime Stoppers videos . He won the December 10th runoff against public service commissioner Scott Angelle to replace Charles Boustany .
Henry Adams Bullard ( September 9 , 1788 - April 17 , 1851 ) was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives representing the state of Louisiana . He served two terms as a Democrat and one as a Whig . Bullard was born in Pepperell , Massachusetts , graduated from Harvard , and studied law in Boston and Philadelphia . In Louisiana , he resided in Natchitoches , where he practiced law , and in Alexandria , as well as in New Orleans . He accompanied General José Álvarez de Toledo y Dubois on his military expedition into Spanish Texas in 1813 . He was later elected as an anti-Jacksonian to the 22nd and 23rd Congresses , resigned in 1834 , and later served as a Whig in the 31st Congress . Henry A. Bullard was also a justice of the Louisiana Supreme Court ( 1834-39 ) , Secretary of State of Louisiana ( 1838-39 ) , a professor of civil law at the new University of Louisiana Law School ( 1847 ) , and served in the Louisiana House of Representatives ( 1850 ) . He died in New Orleans and was interred at the Girod Street Cemetery .
The Supreme Court of Louisiana is the highest court and court of last resort in the U.S. state of Louisiana . The modern Supreme Court , composed of seven justices , meets in the French Quarter of New Orleans . The Supreme Court , and Louisiana state law , are historically based in the colonial governments of France and Spain during the 18th century . The current Supreme Court traces its roots back to these beginnings .
Rice Garland ( c. 1795 - 1861 ) was a United States Representative from Louisiana . Garland was born in Lynchburg , Virginia , and he pursued a basic education , studied law and was admitted to the bar and commenced the practice of law . He moved to Opelousas , Louisiana , in 1820 and continued the practice of his profession . Garland was elected from the Louisiana 's 3rd congressional district as an Anti-Jacksonian in 1833 to the Twenty-third Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Henry Adams Bullard . He was reelected as an Anti-Jacksonian to the Twenty-fourth Congress and as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses , in which he served as chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in the Department of War . Garland served in Congress from April 28 , 1834 , to July 21 , 1840 , when he resigned to accept an appointment as judge of the Supreme Court of Louisiana , in which capacity he served , with residence in New Orleans until 1846 . In 1846 , he moved to Brownsville , Texas , and continued the practice of law until his death in that city in 1861 ; He was buried in a cemetery at Brownsville .
Massachusetts 's 5th congressional district is a congressional district in eastern Massachusetts . The district is represented by Katherine Clark . Massachusetts congressional redistricting after the 2010 census has changed the borders of the district starting with the elections of 2012 , with the new 3rd district largely taking the place of the old 5th . The 5th district covers many of the communities represented in the old 7th district . As of 2010 , the population of the 5th congressional district was 727,515 . On July 15 , 2013 , Ed Markey resigned from the seat to become the junior Senator from Massachusetts . On December 10 , 2013 , Democrat Katherine Clark won a special election to fill the seat for the remainder of the 113th Congress . She was sworn into office on December 12 , 2013 .
John Davis ( January 13 , 1787 - April 19 , 1854 ) was an American lawyer , businessman and politician from Massachusetts . He spent 25 years in public service , serving in both houses of the United States Congress and for three non-consecutive years as Governor of Massachusetts . Because of his reputation for personal integrity he was known as Honest John Davis . Born in Northborough , Massachusetts , Davis attended Yale College before studying law in Worcester , Massachusetts , where he established a successful law practice . He spent 10 years ( 1824-34 ) in the United States House of Representatives as a National Republican ( later Whig ) , where he supported protectionist tariff legislation . He won election as Governor of Massachusetts in a three-way race in 1833 that was decided by the state legislature . After two terms he was elected to the United States Senate , where he served most of one term , resigning early in 1841 after he was once again elected governor . His second term as governor was undistinguished , but he split with fellow Whig Daniel Webster over a variety of issues , and lost the 1843 election to Democrat Marcus Morton . He was reelected to the Senate in 1845 , where he served until 1851 . He opposed the Mexican-American War , and worked to prevent the extension of slavery to the territories , although he did not take a hard line on the matter , voting for most of the provisions of the Compromise of 1850 . He retired from public service in 1853 , and died the next year .
The governor of Massachusetts , officially the governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts , is the chief executive of the Government of Massachusetts and serves as commander-in-chief of the commonwealth 's military forces . Massachusetts has a republican system of government , akin to a presidential system , where the governor acts as the head of government while having a distinct role from that of the legislative branch . The governor has far reaching political obligations ranging from ceremonial to political . While being the chief representative of Massachusetts as a US State , the governor also is in charge of the cabinet , signs bills into law , and has veto power . The governor is also a member of the Massachusetts Governor 's Council , a popularly elected council with eight members who provide advice and consent on certain legal matters and appointments . Beginning with the Massachusetts Bay Company in 1629 , the role of Governor has changed throughout its history in terms of powers and selection . The modern form of the position was created in the 1780 constitution , which called for the position of a supreme executive magistrate . Governors are elected every four years during state elections on the first Tuesday of November after the 1st , the most recent being in 2018 . Elected governors are then inaugurated on the first Thursday of the following January after the 1st . The current governor is Charlie Baker .
Levi Lincoln Jr. ( October 25 , 1782 - May 29 , 1868 ) was an American lawyer and politician from Worcester , Massachusetts . He was the 13th Governor of Massachusetts ( 1825-1834 ) and represented the state in the U.S. Congress ( 1834-1841 ) . Lincoln 's nine-year tenure as governor is the longest consecutive service in state history ; only Michael Dukakis ( 12 years ) , John Hancock ( 11 years ) and Caleb Strong ( 10 years ) served more years , but they were not consecutive . Born to Levi Lincoln Sr. , a prominent Worcester lawyer , he studied law and entered the state legislature in 1812 as a Democratic-Republican . He supported the War of 1812 ( a minority position in Federalist-dominated Massachusetts ) and opposed the Hartford Convention . Over the next ten years his politics moderated , and he was elected governor in 1825 in a nonpartisan landslide after serving one year on the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court . Lincoln oversaw significant economic development in Massachusetts during his tenure and issued the first-ever veto by a Massachusetts governor . Lincoln and Daniel Webster were leading forces in the foundation of the National Republican ( later Whig ) Party in Massachusetts , which dominated state politics until the 1850s . Lincoln was elected to Congress in 1835 , serving in the House of Representatives until 1841 , when President William Henry Harrison appointed him collector of the Port of Boston . He was a major civic and philanthropic force in Worcester , owning and developing land in the city , and serving as its first mayor in 1848 .
James Wood Bouldin ( 1792 - March 30 , 1854 ) was a U.S. Representative from Virginia , brother of Thomas Tyler Bouldin .
Ohio 's 1st congressional district is represented by Republican Steve Chabot . This district includes the western four-fifths of Cincinnati , and borders both Kentucky and Indiana .
Robert Todd Lytle ( May 19 , 1804 - December 22 , 1839 ) was a politician who represented Ohio in the United States House of Representatives from 1833 to 1835 . Lytle was born in Williamsburg , Ohio , a nephew of John Rowan . He attended the common schools and Cincinnati College , and studied law in Louisville , Kentucky , where he was admitted to the bar in 1824 . He commenced the practice of his profession in Cincinnati , Ohio . Married Elizabeth Haines of New Jersey November 30 , 1825 . They had a son William Haines Lytle , and two daughters , Josephine R. , and Elizabeth Haines Lytle . He was elected county prosecuting attorney , and a member of the State house of representatives in 1828 and 1829 . He was then elected as a Jacksonian to the Twenty-third Congress and served from March 4 , 1833 , until March 10 , 1834 , when he resigned . He was subsequently reelected to fill the vacancy caused by his own resignation and served from December 27 , 1834 , to March 3 , 1835 . After running as an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1834 to the Twenty-fourth Congress , Lytle resumed his law practice , focusing principally on real estate law . He served as Surveyor General of the Northwest Territory in 1834-1838 , and major general of Ohio Militia in 1838 . Lytle died in New Orleans , Louisiana on December 22 , 1839 .
The 8th Congressional District of South Carolina was a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in South Carolina . It was created in 1803 as a result of the 1800 Census and eliminated in 1843 as a result of the 1840 Census . The district was last represented by Thomas De Lage Sumter .
James Blair ( September 26 , 1786 - April 1 , 1834 ) was a United States Representative from South Carolina . He was born in the Waxhaw settlement , Lancaster County , South Carolina to Sarah Douglass and William Blair , immigrants from Ireland . He engaged in planting and was also the sheriff of Lancaster District . Blair was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Seventeenth Congress and served from March 4 , 1821 , to May 8 , 1822 , when he resigned . He was elected as a Jacksonian to the Twenty-first through Twenty-third Congresses and served from March 4 , 1829 , until his death in Washington , D.C. , on April 1 , 1834 . Under date of December 24 , 1833 , John Quincy Adams records in his diary that Blair had knocked down and very severely beaten Duff Green , editor of the Telegraph . Diary ( New York , Longmans , Green , 1929 ) p. 434 . He paid three hundred dollars fine for beating and breaking the bones of Green . op . cit. , p. 450 . Under date of April 2 , 1834 , John Quincy Adams records in his diary that Blair shot himself last evening at his lodgings . after reading part of an affectionate letter from his wife , to Governor Murphy , of Alabama who was alone in the chamber with him , and a fellow-lodger at the same house .
Richard Irvine Manning I ( May 1 , 1789 - May 1 , 1836 ) was the 50th Governor of South Carolina from 1824 to 1826 and was later a Representative in the United States Congress .
Maryland 's 1st congressional district encompasses the entire Eastern Shore of Maryland , including Salisbury , as well as parts of Baltimore , Harford and Carroll counties . The district is currently represented by Republican Andy Harris , who defeated Democratic incumbent Frank M. Kratovil , Jr. in 2010 . The district was the subject of a 2014 boycott following legislation Harris introduced nullifying a District of Columbia law de-criminalizing possession of marijuana .
Littleton Purnell Dennis ( July 21 , 1786 - April 14 , 1834 ) was an American politician . Born at Beverly in Pocomoke City , Worcester County , Maryland , Dennis attended Washington Academy of Somerset County , Maryland , and graduated from Yale College in 1803 . He studied law , was admitted to the bar , and commenced practice . In 1815 , 1816 , and from 1819 to 1827 , Dennis served as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates , and was a member of the executive council of Maryland in 1829 . He also served as an elector of the Maryland State Senate in 1831 . Dennis was elected as an Anti-Jacksonian to the Twenty-third Congress and served from March 4 , 1833 , until his death in Washington , D.C . He is interred in the Congressional Cemetery . Littleton Dennis was a nephew of John Dennis ( 1771-1806 ) and cousin of John Dennis ( 1807-1859 ) .
John Nevett Steele ( February 22 , 1796 - August 13 , 1853 ) was an American politician .
During the first twenty-four Congresses ( March 4 , 1789 until March 3 , 1837 ) Connecticut elected all its Representatives in Congress from a single multi-member Connecticut at-large congressional district . Connecticut elected a varying number of representatives during this period . From its inception in 1789 through the first reapportionment in 1793 , there were five seats . From 1793 through 1823 , there were seven seats . In 1823 the seats were reduced to six and in 1837 the system of at-large members was replaced with districts . From 1903 to 1913 and from 1933 to 1965 , Connecticut had a member of the United States House of Representatives who represented the state at-large , in addition to the members who represented distinct districts . This practice was prohibited by the Voting Rights Act of 1965 .
Samuel Augustus Foot ( November 8 , 1780 - September 15 , 1846 ; his surname is also spelled Foote ) was the 28th Governor of Connecticut as well as a United States Representative and Senator .
The Governor of Connecticut is the elected head of the executive branch of Connecticut 's state government , and the commander-in-chief of the state 's military forces . The governor has a duty to enforce state laws , and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Connecticut General Assembly and to convene the legislature . Unusual among U.S. governors , the Governor of Connecticut has no power to pardon . The Governor of Connecticut is automatically a member of the state 's Bonding Commission . He is an ex-officio member of the Board of Trustees of the University of Connecticut and Yale University . There have been 68 post-Revolution governors of the state , serving 72 distinct spans in office . The longest terms in office were in the state 's early years , when four governors were elected to nine or more one-year terms . The longest was that of the first governor , Jonathan Trumbull , who served over 14 years , but 7 of those as colonial governor ; the longest-serving state governor - with no other position included in the term - was his son , Jonathan Trumbull Jr. , who served over 11 years . The shortest term was that of Hiram Bingham III , who served only one day before resigning to take an elected seat in the U.S. Senate . Lowell Weicker , is noted for a rare third party win in American politics , having been elected to a term in 1990 representing A Connecticut Party . The current governor is Ned Lamont , a Democrat who took office on January 9 , 2019 .
Ebenezer Jackson Jr. ( January 31 , 1796 - August 17 , 1874 ) was a U.S. Representative from Connecticut . Born in Savannah , Georgia , Jackson pursued academic studies . He was graduated from St. Mary 's College ( now known as Mount St. Mary 's ) , near Baltimore , Maryland , in 1814 . He studied law at the Litchfield Law School , Connecticut . He was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , in 1821 . He moved to Middletown , Connecticut , in 1826 . He served as a member of the State house of representatives 1829-1832 .
New York 's 3rd congressional district is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in the State of New York . It is represented by Democrat Tom Suozzi , who has been in office since 2017 . The district includes most of the North Shore of Long Island . It expands from northwestern Suffolk County , across northern Nassau County and into far northeastern Queens . Long Island communities in the district include Manhasset , Huntington , Northport , Commack , Dix Hills , Plainview , Bethpage , Hicksville , Syosset , Glen Cove , Roslyn , Port Washington and Great Neck . Queens neighborhoods in the district include Little Neck , Whitestone , Glen Oaks and Floral Park . From 2003 to 2013 , the district included southwestern Suffolk County and the eastern half of Nassau County , with some parts as far west as Island Park and Long Beach . Much of this area is now the 2nd congressional district ; in effect , former Democratic U.S. Representative Steve Israel traded district numbers with Republican Peter T. King .
Cornelius Van Wyck Lawrence ( February 28 , 1791 - February 20 , 1861 ) was a politician from New York . He became the first popularly elected Mayor of New York City after the law was changed in 1834 .
The mayor of New York City is head of the executive branch of the Government of New York City . The mayor 's office administers all city services , public property , police and fire protection , most public agencies , and enforces all city and state laws within New York City . The budget , overseen by New York City Mayor 's Office of Management and Budget , is the largest municipal budget in the United States at $ 92 billion a year . The city employs 325,000 people , spends about $ 21 billion to educate more than 1.1 million students ( the largest public school system in the United States ) and levies $ 27 billion in taxes . It receives $ 14 billion from the state and federal governments . The mayor 's office is located in New York City Hall ; it has jurisdiction over all five boroughs of New York City : Manhattan , Brooklyn , the Bronx , Staten Island and Queens . The mayor appoints numerous officials , including commissioners who head city departments , and his deputy mayors . The mayor 's regulations are compiled in title 43 of the New York City Rules . According to current law , the mayor is limited to two consecutive four-year terms in office but may run again after a four-year break . It was changed from two to three terms on October 23 , 2008 , when the New York City Council voted 29-22 in favor of passing the term limit extension into law . However , in 2010 , a referendum reverting the limit to two terms passed overwhelmingly . The current mayor is Democrat Bill de Blasio , who was elected on November 5 , 2013 and reelected to a second term on November 7 , 2017 .
John Jordan Morgan ( 1770 - July 29 , 1849 ) was an American politician from New York
Virginia 's Eleventh Congressional District is a U.S. congressional district in the Commonwealth of Virginia . The district stretches from Herndon to Quantico , comprising most of Fairfax County , all of the city of Fairfax , and part of eastern Prince William County . The residents of the 11th district are represented by Democrat Gerry Connolly . The Hill newspaper quotes census data to conclude that Virginia 's 11th district was the wealthiest congressional district in the nation from 2003 to 2013 . The article attributed the wealth to the many lobbyists and two-career couples in Northern Virginia . The district last existed in what is now West Virginia 's 1st District and was held by Jacob B. Blair before the events of the U.S. Civil War . Virginia did not have an 11th District until it was re-created after the 1990 United States Census from portions of the old 8th and 10th districts because of explosive growth in Northern Virginia . It was intended to be a fair fight district ; indeed , it encompassed most of the more Democratic portions of the old 10th District and the more Republican portions of the old 8th District . George W. Bush only narrowly defeated John Kerry here in 2004 , while Democratic Governor Tim Kaine and Democratic Senator Jim Webb both carried this district , in 2005 and 2006 respectively . In 2008 , Barack Obama won this district over Republican Senator John McCain . Democrat Leslie L. Byrne briefly held the seat for the first election cycle of the new district , but was quickly defeated in 1994 by Republican Tom Davis . Davis established a secure hold on the district during his tenure ( 1995-2008 ) , but Democrat Gerald Connolly won it when Davis stepped down .
Andrew Stevenson ( January 21 , 1784 - January 25 , 1857 ) was a Democratic politician in the United States . He served in the United States House of Representatives representing Virginia , as Speaker of the House , and as Minister to the United Kingdom .
John Robertson ( April 13 , 1787 - July 5 , 1873 ) was a nineteenth-century politician and lawyer from the U.S. state of Virginia . He was the brother of Thomas B. Robertson and Wyndham Robertson .
Massachusetts 's 2nd congressional district is located in central Massachusetts . It contains the cities of Worcester , which is the second-largest city in New England after Boston , and Northampton in the Pioneer Valley . It is represented by Democrat Jim McGovern . The shape of the district was changed for the elections of 2012 , after Massachusetts congressional redistricting to reflect the 2010 census . The new district covers central Massachusetts , including much of Worcester County , and is largely the successor to the old 3rd District . Most of the old 2nd district , including Springfield , has been moved into the new 1st district .
Rufus Choate ( October 1 , 1799 - July 13 , 1859 ) was an American lawyer , orator , and Congressman .
Stephen Clarendon Phillips ( November 4 , 1801 - June 26 , 1857 ) was a Representative from Massachusetts . Phillips was born in Salem , Massachusetts , to Stephen and Dorcas ( Woodbridge ) Phillips . He was a descendant of Rev . George Phillips of Watertown , the progenitor of the New England Phillips family in America . He graduated from Harvard University in 1819 . Phillips ' engaged in mercantile pursuits in Salem , and was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1824 to 1829 . He then served in the Massachusetts State Senate in 1830 . Phillips was elected as a National Republican to the Twenty-third Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Rufus Choate . He was reelected as a National Republican to the Twenty-fourth Congress , and elected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress serving from December 1 , 1834 , to September 28 , 1838 , when he resigned . Phillips was mayor of Salem from 1838 to 1842 , but was defeated as the Free-Soil candidate for governor in 1848 and 1849 . He engaged in the lumber business in Canada . He perished in the burning of the steamer Montreal on the St. Lawrence River on June 26 , 1857 .
Dudley Selden ( 1794 - November 7 , 1855 Paris , France ) was an American lawyer and politician from New York .
Charles Goadsby Ferris ( ca . 1796 - June 4 , 1848 ) was a U.S. Representative from New York .
William Wolcott Ellsworth ( November 10 , 1791 - January 15 , 1868 ) was a Yale-educated attorney who served as the 30th Governor of Connecticut , a three-term United States Congressman , a Justice of the State Supreme Court .
Joseph Trumbull ( December 7 , 1782 - August 4 , 1861 ) was a U.S. lawyer , banker , and politician from Connecticut . He represented Connecticut in the U.S. Congress and served as the 35th Governor of Connecticut from 1849 to 1850 .
Ohio 's 19th congressional district was created following the 1830 census and was eliminated after the 2000 census . From 1992-2002 it included all of Lake County and Ashtabula County together with a collection of eastern suburbs of Cleveland . After 2002 it was replaced by the 14th district . Parts of its old territory were redistricted into the 10th , 11th , and 13th districts .
Humphrey Howe Leavitt ( June 18 , 1796 - March 15 , 1873 ) was a United States Representative from Ohio and a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Ohio and the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio .
Daniel Kilgore ( 1793 - December 12 , 1851 ) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio . Born at Kings Creek , Virginia ( now West Virginia ) , Kilgore received a liberal schooling . He moved to Cadiz , Ohio , and served as member of the Ohio Senate from 1828 to 1832 . Kilgore was elected as a Jacksonian to the Twenty-third Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Humphrey H. Leavitt . Kilgore was again elected as a Jacksonian to the Twenty-fourth Congress . He was reelected , this time as a Democrat , to the Twenty-fifth Congress . He subsequently served from December 1 , 1834 , until July 4 , 1838 , when he resigned from politics . Kilgore moved to Steubenville , Ohio in 1850 , and was elected president of the Steubenville and Indiana Railroad . He died while visiting New York City . He died on December 12 , 1851 .
Vermont 's 5th congressional district is an obsolete district . It was created in 1821 . It was eliminated after the 1840 Census . Its last Congressman was John Mattocks . Vermont began with district representation when it was admitted as the 14th State in 1791 . From 1813-1821 , beginning with the 13th Congress , Vermont elected its US Representatives statewide At-Large After the 16th Congress , Vermont returned to electing Congressmen from districts Vermont added the 5th district in 1821 , Vermont was apportioned a fifth congressional district after the 1810 Census however this , along with the likewise created sixth district were constituted at-large until 1821 , and then from 1823-25 .
Benjamin F. Deming ( January 1 , 1790 - July 11 , 1834 ) was an American merchant and politician . He served as a U.S. Representative from Vermont .
The Anti-Masonic Party , also known as the Anti-Masonic Movement , was the first third party in the United States . It strongly opposed Freemasonry as a single-issue party and later aspired to become a major party by expanding its platform to take positions on other issues . After emerging as a political force in the late 1820s , most of the Anti-Masonic Party 's members joined the Whig Party in the 1830s and the party disappeared after 1838 . The party was founded in the aftermath of the disappearance of William Morgan , a former Mason who had ultimately become a prominent critic of the Masonic organization . Many believed that the Masons had murdered Morgan for speaking out against Masonry and subsequently many churches and other groups condemned Masonry . As many Masons were prominent businessmen and politicians , the backlash against the Masons was also a form of anti-elitism . Mass opposition to Masonry eventually coalesced into a political party . Before and during the presidency of John Quincy Adams , there was a period of political realignment . The Anti-Masons emerged as an important third-party alternative to Andrew Jackson 's Democrats and Adams 's National Republicans . In New York , the Anti-Masons supplanted the National Republicans as the primary opposition to the Democrats . After experiencing unexpected success in the 1828 elections , the Anti-Masons began to adopt positions on other issues , most notably support for internal improvements and a protective tariff . Several Anti-Masons , including William A. Palmer and Joseph Ritner , won election to prominent positions .
Henry Fisk Janes ( October 10 , 1792 - June 6 , 1879 ) was an American lawyer and politician . He served as a U.S. Representative from Vermont .
Illinois 's first congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Illinois . Based in Cook County , the district includes much of the South Side of Chicago , and continues southwest to Joliet . From 2003 to early 2013 it extended into the city 's southwest suburbs until reaching the border of Will County , and covered 97.84 square miles ( 253.4 km2 ) , making it one of the 40 smallest districts in the U.S. ( although there are four smaller districts in Illinois ) . The district had a population that was 65% African American , the highest percentage of any congressional district in the nation . [ citation needed ] It includes the home of former President Barack Obama . The 1st is a majority-minority district , and has been since at least the 1920s . In 1929 , it became the first district in the 20th century to send an African American to Congress . Since redistricting by the state legislature after the 2010 census , it is 51.3% African American , 40.6% white , and 9.8% Hispanic in population . The district is represented by Democrat Bobby Rush , who was re-elected in 2018 , and has been elected continuously in the 1st district since 1992 .
Charles Slade ( c. 1797 - July 26 , 1834 ) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois . Born in England , Slade immigrated to the United States with his parents , who settled in Alexandria , Virginia . He attended the public schools . He moved to Carlyle , Illinois . He engaged in mercantile pursuits . He held several local offices . He served as a member of the Illinois House of Representatives , 1820 and 1826 . Slade was elected as a Jacksonian to the Twenty-third Congress and served from March 4 , 1833 until his death near Vincennes , Indiana on July 26 , 1834 . One of his sons was future Western gunfighter Jack Slade . In 1838 , Slade 's widow , Mary Kain , married future Civil War general Elias Dennis .
John Reynolds ( February 26 , 1788 - May 8 , 1865 ) was a United States lawyer and politician from the state of Illinois who served in all three governmental branches . One of the original four justices of the Illinois Supreme Court ( 1818-1825 ) , he later won election several times to the Illinois House of Representatives ( 1826-1830 , 1846-1848 , and 1852-1854 ; including as Speaker of the House ) and to United States House of Representatives ( 1834-1837 and 1839-1843 ) , as well as served as the 4th Illinois Governor ( 1830-1834 ) . He also took the rank of major general of the Illinois militia during the Black Hawk War .
Jabez Williams Huntington ( November 8 , 1788 - November 1 , 1847 ) was a United States Representative and Senator from Connecticut .
Phineas Miner ( November 27 , 1777 - September 15 , 1839 ) was a United States Representative from Connecticut . He was born in Winchester , Connecticut where he completed preparatory studies . Later , he studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1797 . He commenced his practice in Winchester . Miner was elected justice of the peace in 1809 . He was a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives in 1809 , 1811 , 1813 , 1814 , and 1816 . He moved to Litchfield , Connecticut in 1816 where he was again a member of the House of Representatives in 1823 , 1827 , and 1829 . He also served in the Connecticut Senate in 1830 and 1831 . Miner was elected as an Anti-Jacksonian to the Twenty-third Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Jabez W. Huntington and served from December 1 , 1834 , to March 3 , 1835 . After leaving Congress , he resumed the practice of law and again served in the Connecticut House of Representatives in 1835 . He was elected a judge of the probate court for Litchfield district in 1838 . Miner died in Litchfield , Connecticut in 1839 and was buried in the East Burying Ground .