Cordillera Central (Puerto Rico)
Mountains in the Cordillera Central range
Table:
Highest mountain peaks in the Cordillera Central

Rank

Mountain Peak

Municipality and (Barrio)

Location
Reference

Elevation

Elevation
Reference

1

Cerro de Punta

Ponce (Anón)

[1]

4,357 ft (1,328 m)

[2]

2

Monte Jayuya

Jayuya (Saliente)

[3]

4,252 ft (1,296 m)

[4]

3

Cerro Rosa

Ciales (Toro Negro) & Jayuya (Saliente)

[5]

4,144 ft (1,263 m)

[6]

4

Piedra Blanca

Jayuya (Veguitas)

[7]

4,042 ft (1,232 m)

[8]

5

Cerro Maravilla

Ponce (Anón)

[9]

3,960 ft (1,207 m)

[10]

6

Monte Guilarte

Adjuntas (Guilarte)

[11]

3,934 ft (1,199 m)

[12]

7

Los Tres Picachos

Ciales and Jayuya (Coabey)

[13]

3,894 ft (1,187 m)

[14]

8

Cerro Saliente

Jayuya (Saliente)

[15]

3,845 ft (1,172 m)

[16]

9

Monte Membrillo

Yauco (Río Prieto)

[17]

3,579 ft (1,091 m)

[18]

10

Cerro El Bolo

Villalba (Villalba Arriba)

[19]

3,527 ft (1,075 m)

[20]

11

El Toro &

Las Piedras (El Río) & Río Grande (Guzmán Arriba)

[21][22]

3,474 ft (1,059 m)

[23]

12

Cerro Doña Juana

Orocovis (Ala de la Piedra)

[24]

3,471 ft (1,058 m)

[25]

49

Cerro Las Tetas

Salinas (Lapas)

[26]

2,759 ft (841 m)

[27]

Using the table along with the article excerpts listed at the end.

Answer the following question: The second highest peaks forms a section of what nature reserve ? Return your answer as JSON: {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Avoid adding external knowledge.

A ranking is a relationship between a set of items such that , for any two items , the first is either 'ranked higher than ' , 'ranked lower than ' or 'ranked equal to ' the second . In mathematics , this is known as a weak order or total preorder of objects . It is not necessarily a total order of objects because two different objects can have the same ranking . The rankings themselves are totally ordered . For example , materials are totally preordered by hardness , while degrees of hardness are totally ordered . If two items are the same in rank it is considered a tie . By reducing detailed measures to a sequence of ordinal numbers , rankings make it possible to evaluate complex information according to certain criteria . Thus , for example , an Internet search engine may rank the pages it finds according to an estimation of their relevance , making it possible for the user quickly to select the pages they are likely to want to see . Analysis of data obtained by ranking commonly requires non-parametric statistics .
A summit is a point on a surface that is higher in elevation than all points immediately adjacent to it . The topographic terms acme , apex , peak ( mountain peak ) , and zenith are synonymous . The term top ( mountain top ) is generally used only for a mountain peak that is located at some distance from the nearest point of higher elevation . For example , a big massive rock then to the main summit of a mountain is not considered a summit . Summits near a higher peak , with some prominence or isolation , but not reaching a certain cutoff value for the quantities , are often considered subsummits ( or subpeaks ) of the higher peak , and are considered part of the same mountain . A pyramidal peak is an exaggerated form produced by ice erosion of a mountain top . Summit may also refer to the highest point along a line , trail , or route . The highest summit in the world is Mount Everest with a height of 8844.43 m above sea level ( 29,029 ft ) . The first official ascent was made by Tenzing Norgay and Sir Edmund Hillary . They reached the mountain 's peak in 1953 . Whether a highest point is classified as a summit , a sub peak or a separate mountain is subjective . The UIAA definition of a peak is that it has a prominence of 30 metres ( 98 ft ) or more ; it is a mountain summit if it has a prominence of at least 300 metres ( 980 ft ) .
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate . It is to be distinguished ( usually ) from the county , which may encompass rural territory or numerous small communities such as towns , villages and hamlets . The term municipality may also mean the governing or ruling body of a given municipality . A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision , as opposed to a special-purpose district . The term is derived from French municipalité and Latin municipalis . The English word municipality derives from the Latin social contract municipium ( derived from a word meaning duty holders ) , referring to the Latin communities that supplied Rome with troops in exchange for their own incorporation into the Roman state ( granting Roman citizenship to the inhabitants ) while permitting the communities to retain their own local governments ( a limited autonomy ) . A municipality can be any political jurisdiction from a sovereign state , such as the Principality of Monaco , to a small village , such as West Hampton Dunes , New York . The territory over which a municipality has jurisdiction may encompass
The elevation of a geographic location is its height above or below a fixed reference point , most commonly a reference geoid , a mathematical model of the Earth 's sea level as an equipotential gravitational surface ( see Geodetic datum § Vertical datum ) . The term elevation is mainly used when referring to points on the Earth 's surface , while altitude or geopotential height is used for points above the surface , such as an aircraft in flight or a spacecraft in orbit , and depth is used for points below the surface . Elevation is not to be confused with the distance from the center of the Earth . Due to the equatorial bulge , the summits of Mount Everest and Chimborazo have , respectively , the largest elevation and the largest geocentric distance .
Cerro de Punta or just Cerro Punta is the highest peak in Puerto Rico , rising to 1,338 meters ( 4,390 ft ) above sea level . [ note 1 ] The mountain is part of the Cordillera Central and is located in the municipality of Ponce .
Ponce ( UK : /ˈpɒnseɪ/ , US : /ˈpɔːnseɪ , ˈpoʊn-/ , Spanish : [ ˈponse ] ( listen ) ) is both a city and a municipality on the southern coast of Puerto Rico . The city is the seat of the municipal government . Ponce , Puerto Rico 's most populated city outside the San Juan metropolitan area , was founded on 12 August 1692 [ note 1 ] and is named for Juan Ponce de León y Loayza , the great-grandson of Spanish conquistador Juan Ponce de León . [ note 2 ] Ponce is often referred to as La Perla del Sur ( The Pearl of the South ) , La Ciudad Señorial [ b ] ( The Manorial City [ c ] ) , and La Ciudad de las Quenepas ( Genip City ) . The city serves as the governmental seat of the autonomous municipality as well as the regional hub for various Government of Puerto Rico entities , such as the Judiciary of Puerto Rico . It is also the regional center for various other Commonwealth and Federal Government agencies . Ponce is a principal city of both the Ponce Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Ponce-Yauco-Coamo Combined Statistical Area . The Municipality of Ponce , officially the Autonomous Municipality of Ponce , is located in the southern coastal plain region of the island , south of Adjuntas , Utuado , and Jayuya ; east of Peñuelas ; west of Juana Díaz ; and bordered on the south by the Caribbean Sea . The municipality has a total of 31 barrios ( wards ) , including 19 outside the city 's urban area and 12 in the urban area of the city . The historic Ponce Pueblo district , located in the downtown area of the city , is shared by several of the downtown barrios , and is located approximately three miles ( 4.8 km ) inland from the shores of the Caribbean . The municipality of Ponce is the second largest in Puerto Rico by land area , and it was the first in Puerto Rico to obtain its autonomy , becoming the Autonomous Municipality of Ponce in 1992 .
Anón ( Barrio Anón ) is one of the 31 barrios in the municipality of Ponce , Puerto Rico . Along with Marueño , Coto Laurel , Guaraguao , Quebrada Limon , Real , and San Patricio , and the coastal barrios of Canas and Capitanejo , Anón is one of the municipality 's nine bordering barrios . Anón borders the municipalities of Jayuya and Juana Diaz . The name of this barrio is of native Indian origin . It was founded in 1878 . Barrio Anón is one of three Ponce barrios ( the others are Barrio Guaraguao and Barrio San Patricio ) located on the Cordillera Central mountain range .
Monte Jayuya is the second highest peak of Puerto Rico measuring 1,296 meters ( 4,252 ft ) above sea level . The mountain is located in the Cordillera Central , on the border between the municipalities of Jayuya ( Barrio Saliente ) and Ponce ( Barrio Anón ) . The peak is located in the municipality of Ponce and it is within the Toro Negro State Forest .
Cerro Rosa is the third highest peak of Puerto Rico measuring 1,263 meters ( 4,144 ft ) above sea level . The mountain is located in the Cordillera Central , on the border between the municipalities of Ciales and Jayuya .
Toro Negro State Forest ( Spanish : Bosque Estatal de Toro Negro ) is one of the 21 forests that make up the public forests system in Puerto Rico . It is also Puerto Rico 's highest cloud forest . It is located in the Cordillera Central region of the island and covers 8,204 cuerdas ( 7,968 acres ; 3,224 ha ; 32.24 km2 ) , of mountains . Toro Negro 's mountains have heights reaching up to 4,400 feet ( 1,300 m ) and include Cerro de Punta , Cerro Jayuya and Cerro Rosa , the three highest peaks in the island . Nested among these mountains is Lake Guineo , the island 's highest lake . The forest has 18 kilometers ( 11 mi ) of trails , an observation tower , two natural swimming pools ( Spanish : charcos ) , camping and picnic areas , nine rivers , and numerous creeks and waterfalls . The forest spans areas within the municipalities of Ponce , Jayuya , Orocovis , Ciales , and Juana Díaz , and consists of seven non-contiguous tracts of land . The largest contiguous segment of the forest is located in the municipalities of Ponce and Jayuya . Some 40% of the area of Toro Negro State Forest is located in Ponce 's Barrio Anón . When created in 1935 as part of the Caribbean National Forest , the Toro Negro Forest Reserve was managed by the United States government , first via the Puerto Rico Reconstruction Administration of the Department of the Interior ( 1935-1942 ) and later through the Forest Service of the Department of Agriculture ( 1942-1970 ) . Then , in 1970 , the Federal Government exchanged with the Government of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico the Toro Negro section of the Caribbean National Forest for some forested lands belonging to the Commonwealth and located adjacent to the much larger federal lands at Luquillo National Forest resulting in the creation at Luquillo of the current El Yunque National Forest . In 1970 , the Government of Puerto Rico 's Departmento de Recursos Naturales y Ambientales ( DRNA ) opened the Toro Negro Forest Reserve as a Commonwealth state forest and renamed it Bosque Estatal de Toro Negro ( Toro Negro State Forest ) .
Jayuya ( Spanish pronunciation : [ xaˈʝuʝa ] ) is a municipality of Puerto Rico ( U.S. ) located in the mountainous center region of the island , north of Ponce ; east of Utuado ; and west of Ciales . Jayuya is spread over 10 wards and Jayuya Pueblo ( The downtown area and the administrative center of the city ) . It is the principal city of the Jayuya Micropolitan Statistical Area . Named after the Taino tribal leader , Hayuya , Jayuya is known for its skilled wood carvers . Among its monuments are the statue of Nemesio Canales and the bust of Hayuya , both by the Puerto Rican sculptor Tomás Batista .
Cerro Maravilla is Puerto Rico 's fourth highest peak at 1,205 meters ( 3,953 ft ) . It is located on the northern edge Barrio Anón in Ponce , close to the border with the municipality Jayuya , and is part of the Cordillera Central ( Central Mountain Range ) . It is known as El Cerro de los Mártires ( Mountain of the Martyrs ) and characterized as the most infamous peak in Puerto Rico , due to the 1978 Cerro Maravilla murders which took place here .
Monte Guilarte , also known as Monte del Guaraguao , is the fifth-highest peak in Puerto Rico at 1,199 meters ( 3,934 ft ) above sea level . The mountain is located in the Cordillera Central , in the municipality of Adjuntas .
Adjuntas ( Spanish pronunciation : [ aðˈxuntas ] ) is a small mountainside municipality in Puerto Rico located central midwest of the island on the Cordillera Central , north of Yauco , Guayanilla and Peñuelas ; southeast of Utuado ; east of Lares and Yauco ; and northwest of Ponce . Adjuntas is spread over 16 wards and Adjuntas Pueblo ( the downtown area and the administrative center of the city ) . Adjuntas is about two hours by car westward from the capital , San Juan . It is the principal city of and comprises the Adjuntas Micropolitan Statistical Area . Adjuntas is nicknamed the Switzerland of Puerto Rico , because of its relatively chilly weather . Many Puerto Rican mountain towns have cooler weather than the rest of the island ; Adjuntas is no exception : the average yearly weather is 70 °F ( 21 °C ) ( High : 83 °F/28 °C ; Low : 58 °F/14 °C ) . Puerto Rico 's lowest temperature were recorded in Adjuntas at 38°F . Its mild climate attracts a good number of island tourists during the summer months . The town has a small hotel named Monte Rio and a good-sized parador , or country inn , called Villa Sotomayor . Adjuntas ' Zip Code , 00601 , is the lowest code in the United States zip code system .
Tres Picachos ( English : The Three Peaks ) is one of the highest peaks in Puerto Rico at 1,205 meters ( 3,953 ft ) . It is located on the border between the municipalities of Ciales and Jayuya in the central part of the island , and is part of the Cordillera Central . The mountain has three joint peaks from which the name is derived . It is believed that Taíno Indians thought the mountain to be sacred .
Ciales ( Spanish pronunciation : [ ˈsjales ] ) is a municipality of Puerto Rico ( U.S. ) , located on the Central Mountain Range , northwest of Orocovis ; south of Florida and Manatí ; east of Utuado and Jayuya ; and west of Morovis . Ciales is spread over eight wards and Ciales Pueblo ( the downtown area and the administrative center of the city ) . It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area .
Yauco ( Spanish pronunciation : [ ˈʝauko ] ) is a city ( ciudad ) and municipality in southwestern Puerto Rico , centered on the city of the same name . Although the city is inland , the municipality stretches to a southern coast facing the Caribbean . Yauco is south of Maricao , Lares and Adjuntas ; east of Sabana Grande and Guánica ; and west of Guayanilla . The municipality has 20 wards and the main city Yauco zona urbana ( Yauco Urban Zone ) . It is both a principal city of the Yauco Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Ponce-Yauco-Coamo Combined Statistical Area . It was founded by Fernando Pacheco on February 29 , 1756 , and developed for commodity crops of tobacco , sugar cane , and coffee . Yauco became a center for Corsican immigration to Puerto Rico in the 19th century due to its geographical similarity to their homeland . Corsicans have contributed to many areas of life in Yauco , particularly to its coffee industry . This has contributed to the city 's nicknames of El Pueblo del Café ( City of Coffee ) , and Los Corsos ( The Corsicans ) . It is also known as La Capital Taína ( the Taíno capital ) after the native peoples of Puerto Rico .
Cerro El Bolo is the highest peak in the municipality of Villalba , Puerto Rico , raising to 1,075 meters ( 3,527 ft ) above sea level . It is part of the Toro Negro State Forest , and is the 10th tallest mountain in Puerto Rico .
Villalba ( Spanish pronunciation : [ biˈʎalβa ] ) ( a shortening of Villa Alba ) is a municipality of Puerto Rico located in the central region , northeast of Juana Díaz ; south of Orocovis ; and west of Coamo . Villalba is spread over 6 wards and Villalba Pueblo ( the downtown area and the administrative center of the city ) . It is part of the Ponce Metropolitan Statistical Area .
Las Piedras ( Spanish pronunciation : [ las ˈpjeðɾas ] ) is a municipality in east Puerto Rico ( U.S. ) located in the center region of the island , north of Yabucoa ; south of Canóvanas and Río Grande ; east of Juncos and San Lorenzo ; and west of Naguabo and Humacao . Las Piedras is spread over 7 wards and Las Piedras Pueblo ( the downtown area and the administrative center of the city ) . It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area . Las Piedras has many natural attractions such as La Cueva del Indio which is a place that has original Indian playgrounds , caves and paintings that denote some characteristics of the ancient island 's natives . Las Piedras is located about 45 minutes from San Juan , Puerto Rico 's capital and 5 minutes from Palmas del Mar , Humacao which is one of the biggest resorts in the Caribbean .
Río Grande ( Spanish pronunciation : [ ˈri.o ˈɣɾande ] ) is a municipality of Puerto Rico located in the Northern Coastal Valley , north of Las Piedras , Naguabo and Ceiba ; east of Loíza and Canóvanas and west of Luquillo . Río Grande is spread over eight wards and Río Grande Pueblo ( the downtown area and the administrative center of the city ) . It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area .
Cerro Doña Juana is the highest peak in the municipality of Orocovis , Puerto Rico , rising to 1,058 meters ( 3,471 ft ) above sea level . It is part of the Toro Negro State Forest , and is the 12th tallest mountain in Puerto Rico .
Orocovis ( from Taino language , Orocobix meaning remembrance of the first mountain ) is a municipality of Puerto Rico located in the Central Mountain Range , north of Villalba and Coamo ; south of Morovis and Corozal ; southeast of Ciales ; east of Jayuya ; and west of Barranquitas . Orocovis is spread over 17 wards and Orocovis Pueblo ( the downtown area and the administrative center of the city ) . It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area .
Cerro Las Tetas , nicknamed Las Tetas de Cayey , but officially Cerro Las Tetas , and also Las Piedras del Collado , are two mountain peaks located in the municipality of Salinas , Puerto Rico , north of the city of Salinas proper . Since September 1 , 2000 , the peaks have become part of a Puerto Rico Natural Reserve and are protected by law . Their height is 2,762 feet ( 842 m ) above sea level .
Salinas ( Spanish pronunciation : [ saˈlinas ] ) is a municipality in the southern part of Puerto Rico located in the southern coast of the island , south of Aibonito and Cayey ; southeast of Coamo , east of Santa Isabel ; and west of Guayama . Salinas is spread over 5 wards and Salinas Pueblo ( the downtown area and the administrative center of the city ) . It has long been a fishing spot for Puerto Ricans , known for its beaches , fish variety and the birthplace of the famous mojito isleño . Although Salinas does n't have any commercial airports , there is a military training area there . Camp Santiago , which is Puerto Rico National Guard training center . Army National Guard , Air National Guard , State Guard , U.S. Army ROTC , U.S. Army Reserve and the U.S. Army conduct military training at Camp Santiago . Salinas is also home to Miss Universe 2006 , Zuleyka Rivera and to the former World Boxing Association Welterweight champion of the world , Angel Espada .