List of Methodist churches
United Kingdom
Table:
Church

Image

Dates

Location

City or Town

Description

St. John's Methodist Church

1772 built

56°33′40.99″N 2°35′8.54″W﻿ / ﻿56.5613861°N 2.5857056°W﻿ / 56.5613861; -2.5857056﻿ (St. John’s Methodist Church)

Arbroath Angus, Scotland

A listed building in Category B that is identified by Serjeant as particularly notable. It was opened by John Wesley in 1772. Remodellings and other changes in 1882, 1896, and 1946.[8][10]

Wesleyan Church, Aldershot

1874-77 built
Grade II* listed building

51°14′55″N 0°46′3″W﻿ / ﻿51.24861°N 0.76750°W﻿ / 51.24861; -0.76750﻿ (Aldershot Methodist Church)

Aldershot, Hampshire

Built to reflect the expansion of the town of Aldershot with the arrival of the Military Camp during the mid to late 19th-century. Now redundant and used as offices, homes, a dental surgery and gymnasium.

Altarnum Methodist Chapel

1859 built

50°36′10.8″N 4°30′39.6″W﻿ / ﻿50.603000°N 4.511000°W﻿ / 50.603000; -4.511000﻿ (Altarnum Methodist Chapel)

Altarnun, Cornwall

A typical building reflecting the values expressed by Jobson.[8]

Wesley's Chapel

1777–78 built

51°31′26″N 0°05′12″W﻿ / ﻿51.5238°N 0.0866°W﻿ / 51.5238; -0.0866

Islington, London

Known as 'The Mother Church of World Methodism', having been built by John Wesley, and acting as his London base. The portico was added in 1814–15, and there have been other alterations and additions since. The building is listed at Grade I.[11][12]

Methodist Central Hall

1905-11 built

51°30′00″N 0°07′48″W﻿ / ﻿51.50000°N 0.13000°W﻿ / 51.50000; -0.13000﻿ (Methodist Central Hall Westminster)

Westminster, London

Built in order to commemorate the centenary of the death of the founder of Methodism, John Wesley.

Heptonstall Methodist Church

1764 built

53°45′11.12″N 2°2′13.78″W﻿ / ﻿53.7530889°N 2.0371611°W﻿ / 53.7530889; -2.0371611﻿ (Heptonstall Methodist Church)

West Yorkshire

Octagonal chapel whose foundation stone was laid by John Wesley. Church was completed in 1764 in symmetric octagon shape, but was extended in 1802 to provide for more space. Wesley recommended the octagonal shape to differentiate from the established church.[13] The building was featured in a 2010 BBC Four series Churches: How to Read Them,[14] in which Dr Richard Taylor named it as one of his ten favourite churches, saying: "If buildings have an aura, this one radiated friendship."[15] See photo here [1].

Moor Park Methodist Church

1861-62 built

Preston, Lancashire, England

Designed by Poulton and Woodman, opened 1862, seating for 900, closed 1984.

Preston Central Methodist Church

1817 built

Preston, Lancashire, England

Active, Methodist church whose building was one of the first public buildings in the country to be lit by gas.

Surrey Chapel, Southwark

1783 built
1881 demolished

London

Independent Methodist and Congregational church, located at first in open fields, then enveloped by industrial development. Circular in plan with domed roof, its design was of interest.

Trinity Independent Chapel

1841 built
1944 demolished

51°30′41″N 0°1′8″W﻿ / ﻿51.51139°N 0.01889°W﻿ / 51.51139; -0.01889﻿ (Trinity Independent Chapel)

London

West Street Chapel

First leased in 1743 by John Wesley

London

West London Methodist Mission

Established in 1887 under Hugh Price Hughes

London

Bethesda Methodist Chapel

1819 built
1983 Grade II-listed

Stoke on Trent

[16]

Brunswick Methodist Chapel

1820 built
1987 Grade II-listed

Newcastle upon Tyne

[17]

Drawing on the tabular data along with the textual context listed at the end.

Solve the question: The place in West Yorkshire is in what borough ? Return your answer as JSON: {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}.

St John 's Methodist Church , on Ponderlaw Street , Arbroath , Scotland , was founded by John Wesley on 6 May 1772 . The nave is octagonal and the church has been nicknamed Totum Kirkie from 'totum ' , an eight-sided spinning top , and 'kirk ' , the Scottish word for church . It is a listed building and the second-oldest Methodist church in Scotland .
Arbroath ( /ɑːrˈbroʊθ/ ) or Aberbrothock ( Scottish Gaelic : Obar Bhrothaig [ ˈopəɾ ˈvɾo.ɪkʲ ] ) is a former royal burgh and the largest town in the council area of Angus in Scotland , and has a population of 23,902 . It lies on the North Sea coast , around 16 miles ( 25.7 km ) ENE of Dundee and 45 miles ( 72.4 km ) SSW of Aberdeen . While there is evidence for settlement of the area now occupied by the town that dates back to the Iron Age , Arbroath 's history as a town begins in the High Middle Ages with the founding of Arbroath Abbey in 1178 . Arbroath grew considerably during the Industrial Revolution owing to the expansion of firstly the flax and secondly the jute industries and the engineering sector . A new harbour was built in 1839 and by the 20th century , Arbroath had become one of the larger fishing ports in Scotland . The town is notable as the home of the Declaration of Arbroath , as well as the Arbroath smokie . The town 's football team , Arbroath Football Club , hold the world record for the highest number of goals scored in a professional football match . They won 36-0 against Aberdeen Bon Accord in the Scottish Cup in 1885 .
Angus ( Scottish Gaelic : Aonghas ) is one of the 32 local government council areas of Scotland , a registration county and a lieutenancy area . The council area borders Aberdeenshire , Dundee City [ disambiguation needed ] and Perth and Kinross . Main industries include agriculture and fishing . Global pharmaceuticals company GSK has a significant presence in Montrose in the north of the county . Angus was historically a county , known officially as Forfarshire from the 18th century until 1928 , bordering Kincardineshire to the north-east , Aberdeenshire to the north and Perthshire to the west ; southwards it faced Fife across the Firth of Tay ( essentially the same border as today minus Dundee ) . It remains a registration county and a lieutenancy area . In 1975 some of its administrative functions were transferred to the council district of the Tayside Region , and in 1995 further reform resulted in the establishment of the unitary Angus Council .
A listed building , or listed structure , is one that has been placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England , Historic Environment Scotland in Scotland , Cadw in Wales , and the Northern Ireland Environment Agency in Northern Ireland . The term has also been used in Ireland , where buildings are surveyed for the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage in accordance with the country 's obligations under the Granada Convention . However , the preferred term in Ireland is protected structure . A listed building may not be demolished , extended , or altered without special permission from the local planning authority , which typically consults the relevant central government agency , particularly for significant alterations to the more notable listed buildings . In England and Wales , a national amenity society must be notified of any work to a listed building which involves any element of demolition . Exemption from secular listed building control is provided for some buildings in current use for worship , but only in cases where the relevant religious organisation operates its own equivalent permissions procedure . Owners of listed buildings are , in some circumstances , compelled to repair and maintain them and can face criminal prosecution if they fail to do so or if they perform unauthorised alterations . When alterations are permitted , or when listed buildings are repaired or maintained , the owners are often required to use specific materials or techniques . Although most sites appearing on the lists are buildings , other structures such as bridges , monuments , sculptures , war memorials , and even milestones and mileposts and The Beatles ' Abbey Road pedestrian crossing are also listed . Ancient , military , and uninhabited structures , such as Stonehenge , are sometimes instead classified as scheduled monuments and protected by much older legislation , whilst cultural landscapes such as parks and gardens are currently listed on a non-statutory basis .
John Wesley ( /ˈwɛsli/ ; 28 June [ O.S . 17 June ] 1703 - 2 March 1791 ) was an English cleric , theologian and evangelist who was a leader of a revival movement within the Church of England known as Methodism . The societies he founded became the dominant form of the independent Methodist movement that continues to this day . Educated at Charterhouse and Christ Church , Oxford , Wesley was elected a fellow of Lincoln College , Oxford in 1726 and ordained as an Anglican priest two years later . He led the Holy Club , a society formed for the purpose of study and the pursuit of a devout Christian life ; it had been founded by his brother , Charles , and counted George Whitefield among its members . After an unsuccessful ministry of two years at Savannah in the Georgia Colony , Wesley returned to London and joined a religious society led by Moravian Christians . On 24 May 1738 he experienced what has come to be called his evangelical conversion , when he felt his heart strangely warmed . He subsequently left the Moravians , beginning his own ministry . A key step in the development of Wesley 's ministry was , like Whitefield , to travel and preach outdoors . In contrast to Whitefield 's Calvinism , Wesley embraced Arminian doctrines . Moving across Great Britain and Ireland , he helped form and organise small Christian groups that developed intensive and personal accountability , discipleship and religious instruction ; most importantly , he appointed itinerant , unordained evangelists to care for these groups of people . Under Wesley 's direction , Methodists became leaders in many social issues of the day , including prison reform and the abolition of slavery .
The Wesleyan Church is a former Methodist church for the town of Aldershot in Hampshire . Closed in 1988 the building has been a Grade II* listed building since 30 April 1981 . In use today as offices , a dental studio and a gymnasium , the former Wesleyan Church is situated on the corner of Grosvenor Road and Queens Road in Aldershot .
Aldershot ( /ˈɔːldərʃɒt/ ) is a town in the Rushmoor district of Hampshire , England . It lies on heathland in the extreme northeast corner of the county , about 31.8 mi ( 51.2 km ) southwest of London . The area is administered by Rushmoor Borough Council . The town has a population of 36,321 , while the Aldershot Urban Area , a loose conurbation ( which also includes other towns such as Camberley , Farnborough , and Farnham ) has a population of 243,344 , making it the thirtieth-largest urban area in the UK . Aldershot is known as the Home of the British Army , a connection which led to its rapid growth from a small village to a Victorian town . Aldershot is twinned with Sulechów in Poland , Meudon in France and Oberursel in Germany .
Hampshire ( /ˈhæmpʃər/ , /-ʃɪər/ ( listen ) ; postal abbreviation Hants . ) [ note 1 ] is a county in southern England . The county town is the city of Winchester . Its two largest cities , Southampton and Portsmouth , are administered separately as unitary authorities ; the rest of the county is governed by Hampshire County Council . First settled about 14,000 years ago , Hampshire 's history dates to Roman Britain , when its chief town was Winchester . When the Romans left Britain , the area was infiltrated by tribes from Scandinavia and mainland Europe , principally in the river valleys . The county was recorded in the 11th century Domesday Book , divided into 44 hundreds . From the 12th century , the ports grew in importance , fuelled by trade with the continent , wool and cloth manufacture in the county , and the fishing industry , and a shipbuilding industry was established . By the 16th century , the population of Southampton had outstripped that of Winchester . By the mid-19th century , with the county 's population at 219,210 ( double that at the beginning of the century ) in more than 86,000 dwellings , agriculture was the principal industry and 10 per cent of the county was still forest . Hampshire played a crucial military role in both World Wars . The Isle of Wight , historically part of Hampshire , became a separate ceremonial county in 1974 .
Altarnun Wesleyan chapel is the former Methodist chapel in Altarnun in Cornwall . Completed in 1859 , the chapel has been a Grade II listed building since 1988 and is now privately owned . The chapel is built of snecked ( the keying together of parallel courses of stone ) local slatestone with granite dressings and a moulded plinth . The building has a slate roof with gable ends and is rectangular in shape with two entrances at the front set forward from the main building and each with lean-to roofs . The doors to these porches are 19th-century and are set in dressed granite four-centred arches . The left hand side of the building is rendered and the right side is hung with rag slates each with three square headed three-light windows . Inside the 19th-century box pews originally had a raised central pew at the west end but which since has been removed . The 19th-century rostrum had a shallow niche to its rear with the text Thy Word is God inscribed . The Gothic organ case was Victorian while the partition fitted across the nave dividing the church in two was 20th-century work . John Wesley often visited Trewint , lodging in Digory Isbell 's home which is now a museum of Wesley and Methodism . The sculpted relief portrait of John Wesley over the doorway of the chapel was carved by the then 16 year-old Neville Northey Burnard who lived next door to the chapel .
Altarnun /ɔːltərˈnʌn/ ( Cornish : Alternonn ) is a village and civil parish in Cornwall , England , United Kingdom . It is located on the north-eastern edge of Bodmin Moor at grid reference SX 223 811 . The parish of Altarnun includes the village of Fivelanes and the hamlets of Bolventor , Treween and Trewint , and had a population of 976 according to the 2001 census . This increased to 1,084 according to the 2011 census . Other hamlets in the parish are Bowithick , Palmersbridge , South Carne , Tolborough , Lower Tregunnon , and Tredaule . The area of the parish is 15,018 acres ( 60.78 km2 ) , the largest in Cornwall . By the time of the 2011 census the figures for the ward of Altarnun were provided . This ward contained 48 locations in the area and gave a population of 4,038 . The moorland area of the parish is large and lies west of the village towards Rough Tor and southwards towards Dozmary Pool . There is a large conifer plantation at Wilsey Down Forest ( Halvana Plantation ) . The village is in the valley of the Penpont Water and the parish is divided by the A30 trunk road which passes through Fivelanes which was once an important stopping place for stage coaches .
Cornwall ( /ˈkɔːrnwɔːl , -wəl/ ; Cornish : Kernow [ ˈkɛrnɔʊ ] ) is a ceremonial county in South West England , bordered to the north and west by the Celtic Sea , to the south by the English Channel , and to the east by Devon , the River Tamar forming the border between them . Cornwall is the westernmost part of the South West Peninsula of the island of Great Britain . The southwesternmost point is Land 's End and the southernmost Lizard Point . Cornwall has a population of 568,210 and an area of 3,563 km2 ( 1,376 sq mi ) . The county has been administered since 2009 by the unitary authority , Cornwall Council . The ceremonial county of Cornwall also includes the Isles of Scilly , which are administered separately . The administrative centre of Cornwall is Truro , its only city . Cornwall is the homeland of the Cornish people and the cultural and ethnic origin of the Cornish diaspora . It retains a distinct cultural identity that reflects its history , and is recognised as one of the Celtic nations . It was formerly a Brythonic kingdom and subsequently a royal duchy . The Cornish nationalist movement contests the present constitutional status of Cornwall and seeks greater autonomy within the United Kingdom in the form of a devolved legislative Cornish Assembly with powers similar to those in Wales and Scotland . In 2014 , Cornish people were granted minority status under the European Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities , giving them recognition as a distinct ethnic group .
The chapel , in the St Luke 's area of Middlesex , opened in 1778 to replace John Wesley 's earlier London chapel , the Foundery , where he first preached on 11 November 1739 . In 1776 Wesley applied to the City of London for a site to build his new chapel and was granted an area of land on City Road . After raising funds the foundation stone for the chapel was laid on 21 April 1777 . The architect was George Dance the Younger , surveyor to the City of London . The building has Grade I listed status and is a fine example of Georgian architecture although it has been altered and improved since it was built . In 1864 the gallery was modernised , its front lowered and raked seating installed . The original pillars supporting it were ships ' masts donated by King George III , but in 1891 they were replaced by French jasper pillars donated from Methodist churches overseas . Stained glass is a later addition . An organ was installed in 1882 and the present organ in 1891 . It was electrified in 1905 and in 1938 its pipes were moved to their present position at the rear of the gallery . The communion rail was a gift in 1993 from former Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher , who was married in the chapel in 1951 . The first woman to preach in Wesley 's Chapel was Agnes Elizabeth Slack , in 1926 .
Islington ( /ˈɪzlɪŋtən/ ) is a district in Greater London , England , and part of the London Borough of Islington . It is a mainly residential district of Inner London , extending from Islington 's High Street to Highbury Fields , encompassing the area around the busy High Street , Upper Street , Essex Road ( former Lower Street ) , and Southgate Road to the east .
A portico is a porch leading to the entrance of a building , or extended as a colonnade , with a roof structure over a walkway , supported by columns or enclosed by walls . This idea was widely used in ancient Greece and has influenced many cultures , including most Western cultures . Some noteworthy examples of porticos are the East Portico of the United States Capitol , the portico adorning the Pantheon in Rome and the portico of University College London . Porticos are sometimes topped with pediments . Palladio was a pioneer of using temple-fronts for secular buildings . In the UK , the temple-front applied to The Vyne , Hampshire , was the first portico applied to an English country house . A pronaos ( UK : /proʊˈneɪ.ɒs/ or US : /proʊˈneɪ.əs/ ) is the inner area of the portico of a Greek or Roman temple , situated between the portico 's colonnade or walls and the entrance to the cella , or shrine . Roman temples commonly had an open pronaos , usually with only columns and no walls , and the pronaos could be as long as the cella . The word pronaos is Greek for before a temple . In Latin , a pronaos is also referred to as an anticum or prodomus .
The Methodist Central Hall ( also known as Central Hall Westminster ) is a multi-purpose venue and tourist attraction in the City of Westminster , London . It serves primarily as a Methodist church and a conference centre , but also as an art gallery and an office building ( formerly as the headquarters of the Methodist Church of Great Britain until 2000 ) . It contains twenty-two conference , meeting and seminar rooms , the largest being the Great Hall , which seats 2300 . Central Hall occupies the corner of Tothill Street and Storeys Gate just off Victoria Street in London , near the junction with The Sanctuary next to the Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre and facing Westminster Abbey .
London is the capital and largest city of England and of the United Kingdom . Standing on the River Thames in the south-east of England , at the head of its 50-mile ( 80 km ) estuary leading to the North Sea , London has been a major settlement for two millennia . Londinium was founded by the Romans . The City of London , London 's ancient core − an area of just 1.12 square miles ( 2.9 km2 ) and colloquially known as the Square Mile − retains boundaries that closely follow its medieval limits . [ note 1 ] The City of Westminster is also an Inner London borough holding city status . Greater London is governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly . [ note 2 ] London is considered to be one of the world 's most important global cities and has been termed the world 's most powerful , most desirable , most influential , most visited , most expensive , innovative , sustainable , most investment friendly , and most popular for work city . London exerts a considerable impact upon the arts , commerce , education , entertainment , fashion , finance , healthcare , media , professional services , research and development , tourism and transportation . London ranks 26th out of 300 major cities for economic performance . It is one of the largest financial centres and has either the fifth or the sixth largest metropolitan area GDP . [ note 3 ] It is the most-visited city as measured by international arrivals and has the busiest city airport system as measured by passenger traffic . It is the leading investment destination , hosting more international retailers and ultra high-net-worth individuals than any other city .
Heptonstall is a small village and civil parish within the Calderdale borough of West Yorkshire , England , historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire . The population of Heptonstall , including the hamlets of Colden and Slack Top , is 1,448 , increasing to 1,470 at the 2011 Census . The town of Hebden Bridge lies directly to the south-east . Although Heptonstall is part of Hebden Bridge as a post town , it is not within the Hebden Royd town boundaries . The village is on the route of the Calderdale Way , a 50-mile ( 80 km ) circular walk around the hills and valleys of Calderdale .
West Yorkshire is a metropolitan county in England . It is an inland and , in relative terms , upland county having eastward-draining valleys while taking in the moors of the Pennines . West Yorkshire came into existence as a metropolitan county in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972 and has a population of 2.2 million . West Yorkshire consists of five metropolitan boroughs ( City of Bradford , Calderdale , Kirklees , City of Leeds and City of Wakefield ) and is bordered by the counties of Derbyshire to the south , Greater Manchester to the south-west , Lancashire to the north-west , North Yorkshire to the north and east , and South Yorkshire to the south and south-east . Remnants of strong coal , wool and iron ore industries remain in the county , having attracted people over the centuries , and this can be seen in the buildings and architecture . Major railways and two major motorways traverse the county , which also contains Leeds Bradford International Airport . West Yorkshire County Council was abolished in 1986 , so its five districts became effectively unitary authorities . However , the metropolitan county , which covers an area of 2,029 square kilometres ( 783 sq mi ) , continues to exist in law , and as a geographic frame of reference . Since 1 April 2014 West Yorkshire has been a combined authority area , with the local authorities pooling together some functions over transport and regeneration as the West Yorkshire Combined Authority . West Yorkshire includes the West Yorkshire Urban Area , which is the biggest and most built-up urban area within the historic county boundaries of Yorkshire .
BBC Four is a British free-to-air television channel owned and operated by the BBC . It was launched on 2 March 2002 , with a schedule running from 7:00 pm to 4:00 am . The channel shows a wide variety of programmes including comedy , documentaries , music , international film , original programmes , drama and current affairs . an alternative to programmes on the mainstream TV channels . It is required by its licence to air at least 100 hours of new arts and music programmes , 110 hours of new factual programmes and to premiere 20 foreign films each year .
Richard Taylor ( born 1967 ) is a British author , broadcaster and practising lawyer best known for his books , television and radio programmes on Christian imagery , symbolism , history and law .
Moor Park Methodist Church is a former Methodist church in Garstang Road , Preston , Lancashire , England . It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade X listed building .
Preston /ˈprɛstən/ ( listen ) is a city and the administrative centre of Lancashire , England , on the north bank of the River Ribble . The City of Preston local government district obtained city status in 2002 , becoming England 's 50th city in the 50th year of Queen Elizabeth II 's reign . Preston has a population of 114,300 , the City of Preston district 132,000 and the Preston Built-up Area 313,322 . The Preston Travel To Work Area , in 2011 , had a population of 420,661 compared to 354,000 in the previous census . Preston and its surrounding area have provided evidence of ancient Roman activity , largely in the form of a Roman road which led to a camp at Walton-le-Dale . The Angles established Preston ; its name is derived from the Old English meaning priest 's settlement and in the Domesday Book is recorded as Prestune . In the Middle Ages , Preston was a parish and township in the hundred of Amounderness and was granted a Guild Merchant charter in 1179 , giving it the status of a market town . Textiles have been produced since the mid-13th century when locally produced wool was woven in people 's houses . Flemish weavers who settled in the area in the 14th century helped develop the industry . In the early-18th century , Edmund Calamy described Preston as a pretty town with an abundance of gentry in it , commonly called Proud Preston . Sir Richard Arkwright , inventor of the spinning frame , was born in the town . The most rapid period of growth and development coincided with the industrialisation and expansion of textile manufacturing .
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom . It shares land borders with Wales to the west and Scotland to the north . The Irish Sea lies west of England and the Celtic Sea to the southwest . England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south . The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain , which lies in the North Atlantic , and includes over 100 smaller islands , such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight . It is the largest country of British Isles . The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period , but takes its name from the Angles , a Germanic tribe deriving its name from the Anglia peninsula , who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries . England became a unified state in the 10th century , and since the Age of Discovery , which began during the 15th century , has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world . The English language , the Anglican Church , and English law - the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world - developed in England , and the country 's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations . The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England , transforming its society into the world 's first industrialised nation . England 's terrain is chiefly low hills and plains , especially in central and southern England . However , there is upland and mountainous terrain in the north ( for example , the Lake District and Pennines ) and in the west ( for example , Dartmoor and the Shropshire Hills ) .
Preston Central Methodist Church is in Lune Street , Preston , Lancashire , England . It is an active Methodist church in the Preston Ribble Methodist Circuit , and the Lancashire district . The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building .
The history of gaseous fuel , important for lighting , heating , and cooking purposes throughout most of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century , began with the development of analytical and pneumatic chemistry in the 18th century . The manufacturing process for synthetic fuel gases ( also known as manufactured fuel gas , manufactured gas or simply gas ) typically consisted of the gasification of combustible materials , usually coal , but also wood and oil . The coal was gasified by heating the coal in enclosed ovens with an oxygen-poor atmosphere . The fuel gases generated were mixtures of many chemical substances , including hydrogen , methane , carbon monoxide and ethylene , and could be burnt for heating and lighting purposes . Coal gas , for example , also contains significant quantities of unwanted sulfur and ammonia compounds , as well as heavy hydrocarbons , and so the manufactured fuel gases needed to be purified before they could be used . The first attempts to manufacture fuel gas in a commercial way were made in the period 1795-1805 in France by Philippe LeBon , and in England by William Murdoch . Although precursors can be found , it was these two engineers who elaborated the technology with commercial applications in mind . Frederick Winsor was the key player behind the creation of the first gas utility , the London-based Gas Light and Coke Company , incorporated by royal charter in April 1812 . Manufactured gas utilities were founded first in England , and then in the rest of Europe and North America in the 1820s . The technology increased in scale . After a period of competition , the business model of the gas industry matured in monopolies , where a single company provided gas in a given zone . The ownership of the companies varied from outright municipal ownership , such as in Manchester , to completely private corporations , such as in London and most North American cities .
The Surrey Chapel ( 1783-1881 ) was an independent Methodist and Congregational church established in Blackfriars Road , Southwark , London on 8 June 1783 by the Rev . Rowland Hill . His work was continued in 1833 by the Congregational pastor Rev . James Sherman , and in 1854 by Rev . Newman Hall . The chapel 's design attracted great interest , being circular in plan with a domed roof . When built it was set in open fields , but within a few years it became a new industrial area with a vast population characterised by great poverty amidst pockets of wealth . Recently the site itself has been redeveloped as an office block ( currently occupied by the London Development Agency ) , and Southwark Underground Station has been built opposite .
The Trinity Independent Chapel ( also known as the Congregational or Methodist chapel ) was an architecturally significant early Victorian church in the East End of London . It was destroyed in the bombing during World War II , and re-built in Modernist style afterwards . In the late 1990s the building was sold to the Calvary Charismatic Baptist Church , and since then has served as their Prayer Temple and international headquarters .
The chapel was built for a Huguenot congregation who has previously worshipped in Newport Market . They took possession of the building in 1700 and continued to use the chapel until 1743 , when John Wesley took out a lease on the building . On Trinity Sunday of that year Wesley recorded in his Journal
Hugh Price Hughes colleague , Mark Guy Pearse , engaged with the artistic and literary scene in the West End . Involved in the Forward Movement and in the raising of funds for the Central Hall , Westminster , the mission 's base was finally to be Kingsway Hall in Holborn . Here the West London Mission entered a second defining phase of its life with the Superintendency of Donald Soper ( later Lord Soper ) , under whose control it suffered catastrophic decline . Upon Lord Sopers retirement the Mission moved its base to its current home at Hinde Street Methodist Church in Marylebone , from where it runs a number of specialist social care ministries . These are in the fields of homelessness and drug and alcohol recovery . It also has a chaplaincy to the University of Westminster . There are two churches in the West London Mission : Hinde Street and Kings Cross . The latter has a significant Chinese-speaking ministry .
Hugh Price Hughes ( 9 February 1847 - 17 November 1902 ) was a Welsh Protestant clergyman and religious reformer in the Methodist tradition . He served in multiple leadership roles in the Wesleyan Methodist Church . He organised the West London Methodist Mission , a key Methodist organisation today . Recognised as one of the greatest orators of his era , Hughes also founded and edited an influential newspaper , the Methodist Times in 1885 . His editorials helped convince Methodists to break their longstanding support for the Conservatives and support the more moralistic Liberal Party , which other Nonconformist Protestants were already supporting .
Stoke-on-Trent ( often abbreviated to Stoke ) is a city and unitary authority area in Staffordshire , England , with an area of 36 square miles ( 93 km2 ) . Together with the neighbouring boroughs of Newcastle-under-Lyme and Staffordshire Moorlands , it is part of North Staffordshire . In 2016 , the city had a population of 261,302 . Stoke is polycentric , having been formed by the federation of six towns in 1910 . It took its name from Stoke-upon-Trent where the main centre of government and the principal railway station in the district were located . Hanley is the primary commercial centre . The other four towns are Burslem , Tunstall , Longton , and Fenton . Stoke-on-Trent is the home of the pottery industry in England and is commonly known as the Potteries , with the local residents known as Potters . Formerly a primarily industrial conurbation , it is now a centre for service industries and distribution centres .
Newcastle upon Tyne ( /ˌnjuːkɑːsəl -/ , locally /njuːˌkæsəl -/ ( listen ) ) , commonly known as Newcastle , is a city in Tyne and Wear , North East England , 103 miles ( 166 km ) south of Edinburgh and 277 miles ( 446 km ) north of London on the northern bank of the River Tyne , 8.5 mi ( 13.7 km ) from the North Sea . Newcastle is the most populous city in the North East , and forms the core of the Tyneside conurbation , the eighth most populous urban area in the United Kingdom . Newcastle is a member of the UK Core Cities Group and is a member of the Eurocities network of European cities . Newcastle was part of the county of Northumberland until 1400 , when it became a county of itself , a status it retained until becoming part of Tyne and Wear in 1974 . The regional nickname and dialect for people from Newcastle and the surrounding area is Geordie . Newcastle also houses Newcastle University , a member of the Russell Group , as well as Northumbria University . The city developed around the Roman settlement Pons Aelius and was named after the castle built in 1080 by Robert Curthose , William the Conqueror 's eldest son . The city grew as an important centre for the wool trade in the 14th century , and later became a major coal mining area . The port developed in the 16th century and , along with the shipyards lower down the River Tyne , was amongst the world 's largest shipbuilding and ship-repairing centres . Newcastle 's economy includes corporate headquarters , learning , digital technology , retail , tourism and cultural centres , from which the city contributes £13 billion towards the United Kingdom 's GVA . Among its icons are Newcastle United football club and the Tyne Bridge . Since 1981 the city has hosted the Great North Run , a half marathon which attracts over 57,000 runners each year .