Golden sombrero
Major League Baseball -- Notable four-strikeout games
Table:
Player
Games
Major teams

Ryan Howard
27
Philadelphia Phillies

Reggie Jackson†
23
Oakland Athletics, New York Yankees, California Angels

Chris Davis‡
22
Texas Rangers, Baltimore Orioles

Jim Thome†
20
Cleveland Indians, Philadelphia Phillies, Chicago White Sox

Adam Dunn
19
Chicago White Sox, Cincinnati Reds

Bo Jackson
19
Kansas City Royals, Chicago White Sox

Rob Deer
17
Milwaukee Brewers, Detroit Tigers

Sammy Sosa
17
Chicago Cubs, Texas Rangers

Jose Canseco
16
Texas Rangers, Oakland Athletics

Mark Reynolds‡
16
Arizona Diamondbacks, St. Louis Cardinals

Dick Allen
15
Philadelphia Phillies, Chicago White Sox

Andrés Galarraga
15
Montreal Expos, Colorado Rockies

Dave Kingman
15
New York Mets, San Francisco Giants

Drawing on the given table together with the article excerpts below.

Give the answer to the question: What is the native country of the Colorado Rockies player ? Provide just your answer in a JSON object {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Base your answer solely on the given information.

Ryan James Howard ( born November 19 , 1979 ) , nicknamed The Big Piece , is an American former professional baseball first baseman . Howard spent his entire Major League Baseball ( MLB ) career playing for the Philadelphia Phillies , from 2004 to 2016 . He is known for being the fastest player in baseball history to reach 1,000 RBIs , 100 home runs , and 200 home runs . Howard also holds numerous Phillies franchise records . Howard made his MLB debut in 2004 . He won the National League ( NL ) Rookie of the Year Award in 2005 and the NL Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) Award in 2006 . Howard was a three-time NL All-Star ( 2006 , 2009 , 2010 ) , and won the Silver Slugger Award , Hank Aaron Award , and the NL Championship Series MVP Award in 2009 . Known for his power , Howard is a member of the 50 home run club . He was a two-time NL home run champion ( 2006 , 2008 ) , and became the fastest player to reach both the 100 and 200 home run milestones in MLB history , passing the marks in 2007 and 2009 , respectively . He is also tied with Sammy Sosa for the most National League 140 RBI seasons at 3 and the most National League 130 RBI seasons at 4 . However , Howard is Major League Baseball 's ( ignominious ) all-time record-holder for most lifetime Golden Sombrero awards .
The Philadelphia Phillies are an American professional baseball team based in Philadelphia . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member of the National League ( NL ) East division . Since 2004 , the team 's home stadium has been Citizens Bank Park , located in South Philadelphia . The Phillies are the oldest , continuous , one-name , one-city franchise in American professional sports . The Phillies have won two World Series championships ( against the Kansas City Royals in 1980 and the Tampa Bay Rays in 2008 ) and seven National League pennants , the first of which came in 1915 . Since the first modern World Series was played in 1903 , the Phillies played 77 consecutive seasons ( and 97 seasons from the club 's establishment ) before they won their first World Series - longer than any of the other 16 teams that made up the major leagues for the first half of the 20th century . They are one of the more successful franchises since the start of the Divisional Era in Major League Baseball . The Phillies have won 11 division titles , including five consecutive division titles from 2007 to 2011 ; these are ranked sixth among all teams and fourth in the National League . The franchise was founded in Philadelphia in 1883 , replacing the team from Worcester , Massachusetts , in the National League . The team has played at several stadiums in the city , beginning with Recreation Park and continuing at Baker Bowl ; Shibe Park , which was later renamed Connie Mack Stadium in honor of the longtime Philadelphia Athletics manager ; Veterans Stadium , and now Citizens Bank Park . The team 's spring training facilities are located in Clearwater , Florida , where its Class-A minor league affiliate Clearwater Threshers plays at Spectrum Field . Other Class-A affiliates are the Lakewood BlueClaws , who play in Lakewood , New Jersey , and the Williamsport Crosscutters , who play in Williamsport , Pennsylvania .
Reginald Martinez Jackson ( born May 18 , 1946 ) is an American former professional baseball right fielder who played 21 seasons in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) for the Kansas City / Oakland Athletics , Baltimore Orioles , New York Yankees , and California Angels . Jackson was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1993 . Jackson was nicknamed Mr. October for his clutch hitting in the postseason with the Athletics and the Yankees . He helped Oakland win five consecutive American League West divisional pennants , three consecutive American League pennants and three consecutive World Series titles , from 1972 to 1974 . Jackson helped New York win four American League East divisional pennants , three American League pennants and two consecutive World Series titles , from 1977 to 1981 . He also helped the California Angels win two AL West divisional pennants in 1982 and 1986 . Jackson hit three consecutive home runs at Yankee Stadium in the clinching game six of the 1977 World Series . Jackson hit 563 career home runs and was an American League ( AL ) All-Star for 14 seasons . He won two Silver Slugger Awards , the AL Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) Award in 1973 , two World Series MVP Awards , and the Babe Ruth Award in 1977 . The Yankees and Athletics retired his team uniform number in 1993 and 2004 . Jackson currently serves as a special advisor to the Yankees . Jackson led his teams to first place ten times over his 21-year career .
The Oakland Athletics , often referred to as the A 's , are an American professional baseball team based in Oakland , California . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the American League ( AL ) West division . The team plays its home games at the Oakland Coliseum . They have won nine World Series championships . One of the American League 's eight charter franchises , the team was founded in Philadelphia in 1901 as the Philadelphia Athletics . They won three World Series championships from 1910 to 1913 and back-to-back titles in 1929 and 1930 . The team 's owner and manager for its first 50 years was Connie Mack and Hall of Fame players included Chief Bender , Frank Home Run Baker , Jimmie Foxx , and Lefty Grove . The team left Philadelphia for Kansas City in 1955 and became the Kansas City Athletics before moving to Oakland in 1968 . They won three consecutive World Championships between 1972 and 1974 , led by players including Vida Blue , Catfish Hunter , Reggie Jackson , ace reliever Rollie Fingers , and colorful owner Charlie O. Finley . After being sold by Finley to Walter A. Haas Jr. , the team won three consecutive pennants and the 1989 World Series behind the Bash Brothers , Jose Canseco and Mark McGwire , as well as Hall of Famers Dennis Eckersley , Rickey Henderson and manager Tony La Russa . From 1901 to 2019 , the Athletics ' overall win-loss record is 9,028-9,452 ( .489 ) .
The New York Yankees are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of the Bronx . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the American League ( AL ) East division . They are one of two major league clubs based in New York City , the other being the National League 's ( NL ) New York Mets . The Yankees began play in the 1901 season as the Baltimore Orioles ( no relation to the modern Baltimore Orioles ) . In 1903 , Frank Farrell and Bill Devery purchased the franchise after it ceased operations and moved it to New York City , renaming the club the New York Highlanders . The Highlanders were officially renamed the New York Yankees in 1913 . The team is owned by Yankee Global Enterprises , an LLC that is controlled by the family of the late George Steinbrenner , who purchased the team in 1973 . Brian Cashman is the team 's general manager , and Aaron Boone is the team 's field manager . The team 's home games were played at the original Yankee Stadium from 1923 to 1973 and from 1976 to 2008 . In 1974 and 1975 , the Yankees shared Shea Stadium with the Mets , in addition to the New York Jets and the New York Giants . In 2009 , they moved into a new ballpark of the same name that was constructed adjacent to the previous facility , which was closed and demolished . The team is perennially among the leaders in MLB attendance .
The Los Angeles Angels are an American professional baseball team based in the city of Anaheim , California , part of Orange County and the Los Angeles metropolitan area . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the American League ( AL ) West division . The Angels have played home games at Angel Stadium since 1966 . The current MLB franchise was established as one of the league 's first two expansion teams in 1961 by Gene Autry , the team 's first owner . Autry was a famous singing cowboy actor in a series of films in the 1930s to 1950s , and later was the subject of the Gene Autry Western Heritage Museum . The Angels name was taken by Autry in tribute to the previous original Los Angeles Angels , a Minor League franchise in the Pacific Coast League ( PCL ) , which played in South Central Los Angeles from 1903 to 1957 . He bought the rights to the Angels name from Walter O'Malley , the then-Los Angeles Dodgers owner , who acquired the PCL franchise from Philip K. Wrigley , also the owner of the parent Chicago Cubs at the time , as part of the Dodgers ' move to Southern California .
Christopher Lyn Davis ( born March 17 , 1986 ) , nicknamed Crush Davis , is an American professional baseball first baseman for the Baltimore Orioles of Major League Baseball ( MLB ) . Davis played in MLB for the Texas Rangers from 2008 until being traded to the Baltimore Orioles in 2011 . He bats left-handed and throws right-handed . While primarily a first baseman throughout his career , Davis has also been a designated hitter , third baseman , and outfielder . Davis attended Navarro Junior College and was selected by the Rangers in the fifth round of the 2006 MLB draft . He ascended quickly through the Rangers ' minor league system , getting named their Minor League Player of the Year in 2007 . He was called up in the middle of 2008 and had a strong start to his major league career . He was the Rangers ' starting first baseman for 92 games in 2009 and hit 21 home runs , but a low batting average and his tendency to strike out left the Rangers dissatisfied with him . Because of this , the Rangers sent Davis back and forth between the minors and the majors over the next two years and left him off their playoff roster in 2010 . On July 30 , 2011 , they traded him to the Orioles . Davis appeared in 31 games for the Orioles in 2011 . In the lineup full-time in 2012 , he hit 33 home runs while batting .270 and helping the Orioles reach the playoffs for the first time since 1997 .
The Texas Rangers are an American professional baseball team based in Arlington , Texas , located in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the American League ( AL ) West division . In 2020 , they will move to the new Globe Life Field after having played at Globe Life Park in Arlington from 1994 to 2019 . The team 's name is borrowed from the famous law enforcement agency of the same name . The franchise was established in 1961 as the Washington Senators , an expansion team awarded to Washington , D.C. , after the city 's first AL ballclub , the second Washington Senators , moved to Minnesota and became the Twins ( the original Washington Senators played primarily in the National League during the 1890s ) . After the 1971 season , the new Senators moved to Arlington , and debuted as the Rangers the following spring . The Rangers have made eight appearances in the MLB postseason , seven following division championships in 1996 , 1998 , 1999 , 2010 , 2011 , 2015 , and 2016 and as a wild card team in 2012 . In 2010 , the Rangers advanced past the Division Series for the first time , defeating the Tampa Bay Rays . The team then brought home their first American League pennant after beating the New York Yankees in six games . In the 2010 World Series , the franchise 's first , the Rangers fell to the San Francisco Giants in five games . They repeated as American League champions the following year , then lost the 2011 World Series to the St. Louis Cardinals in seven games .
The Baltimore Orioles are an American professional baseball team based in Baltimore , Maryland . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the American League ( AL ) East division . As one of the American League 's eight charter teams in 1901 , this particular franchise spent its first year as a major league club in Milwaukee , Wisconsin , as the Milwaukee Brewers before moving to St. Louis , Missouri , to become the St. Louis Browns in 1902 . After 52 years in St. Louis , the franchise was purchased in November 1953 by a syndicate of Baltimore business and civic interests led by attorney and civic activist Clarence Miles and Mayor Thomas D'Alesandro , Jr . The team 's current owner is American trial lawyer Peter Angelos . The Orioles adopted their team name in honor of the official state bird of Maryland ; it had also been used by several previous major and minor league baseball clubs in Baltimore , including another AL charter member franchise also named the Baltimore Orioles , which moved north in 1903 to eventually become the New York Yankees . Nicknames for the team include the O 's and the Birds . The Orioles experienced their greatest success from 1966 to 1983 , when they made six World Series appearances , winning three of them ( 1966 , 1970 , 1983 ) . This era of the club featured several future Hall of Famers who would later be inducted representing the Orioles , such as third baseman Brooks Robinson , outfielder Frank Robinson , starting pitcher Jim Palmer , first baseman Eddie Murray , shortstop Cal Ripken Jr. , and manager Earl Weaver . The Orioles have won a total of nine division championships ( 1969-1971 , 1973-1974 , 1979 , 1983 , 1997 , 2014 ) , six pennants ( 1966 , 1969-1971 , 1979 , 1983 ) , and three wild card berths ( 1996 , 2012 , 2016 ) . Since moving to Baltimore in 1954 , the franchise has a win-loss record of 5306-5174 ( with a winning percentage of .506 ) as of the end of the 2019 season . After suffering a stretch of 14 straight losing seasons from 1998 to 2011 , the team qualified for the postseason three times under manager Buck Showalter and general manager Dan Duquette , including a division title and advancement to the American League Championship Series for the first time in 17 years in 2014 .
James Howard Thome ( /ˈtoʊmi/ ; born August 27 , 1970 ) is an American former professional baseball corner infielder and designated hitter , who played in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) for 22 seasons ( 1991-2012 ) . He played for six different teams , most notably the Cleveland Indians , during the 1990s and early 2000s . A prolific power hitter , Thome hit 612 home runs during his career - the eighth-most all time - along with 2,328 hits , 1,699 runs batted in ( RBI ) , and a .276 batting average . He was a member of five All-Star teams and won a Silver Slugger Award in 1996 . Thome grew up in Peoria , Illinois , as part of a large blue-collar family of athletes , who predominantly played baseball and basketball . After attending Illinois Central College , he was drafted by the Indians in the 1989 draft , and made his big league debut in 1991 . Early in his career , Thome played third base , before eventually becoming a first baseman . With the Indians , he was part of a core of players that led the franchise to two World Series appearances in three years during the mid-1990s . Thome spent over a decade with the Tribe , before leaving via free agency after the 2002 season , to join the Philadelphia Phillies , with whom he spent the following three seasons . Traded to the Chicago White Sox before the 2006 season , he won the American League ( AL ) Comeback Player of the Year Award that year and joined the 500 home run club during his three-season tenure with the ChiSox . By this point in his career , back pain limited Thome to being a designated hitter . After stints with the Los Angeles Dodgers and Minnesota Twins , he made brief returns to Cleveland and Philadelphia , before ending his career with the Baltimore Orioles .
The Cleveland Indians are an American professional baseball team based in Cleveland , Ohio . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the American League ( AL ) Central division . Since 1994 , they have played at Progressive Field . The team 's spring training facility is at Goodyear Ballpark in Goodyear , Arizona . Since their establishment as a major league franchise in 1901 , the team has won 10 Central Division titles , six American League pennants , and two World Series championships , ( in 1920 and 1948 ) . The team 's current 71-year World Series championship drought is the longest active among all 30 current Major League teams . The name Indians originated from a request by club owner Charles Somers to baseball writers to choose a new name to replace Cleveland Naps following the departure of Nap Lajoie after the 1914 season . It was a revival of the nickname that fans gave to the Cleveland Spiders while Louis Sockalexis , a Native American , was playing for the team . Common nicknames for the Indians include the Tribe and the Wahoos , the latter referencing their former logo , Chief Wahoo . The team 's mascot is named Slider . The franchise originated in 1894 as the Grand Rapids Rustlers , a minor league team in the Western League . The team relocated to Cleveland in 1900 and was renamed the Cleveland Lake Shores .
The Chicago White Sox are an American professional baseball team based in Chicago , Illinois . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the American League ( AL ) Central division . The White Sox are owned by Jerry Reinsdorf , and play their home games at Guaranteed Rate Field , located on the city 's South Side . They are one of two major league clubs in Chicago ; the other is the Chicago Cubs of the National League ( NL ) Central division . One of the American League 's eight charter franchises , the franchise was established as a major league baseball club in 1901 . The club was originally called the Chicago White Stockings , but this was soon shortened to Chicago White Sox . The team originally played home games at South Side Park before moving to Comiskey Park in 1910 , where they played until Guaranteed Rate Field ( originally known as Comiskey Park and then known as U.S. Cellular Field ) opened in 1991 . The White Sox won the 1906 World Series with a defense-oriented team dubbed the Hitless Wonders , and the 1917 World Series led by Eddie Cicotte , Eddie Collins , and Shoeless Joe Jackson . The 1919 World Series was marred by the Black Sox Scandal , in which several members of the White Sox were accused of conspiring with gamblers to fix games . In response , Major League Baseball 's new Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis banned the players from Major League Baseball for life . In 1959 , led by Early Wynn , Nellie Fox , Luis Aparicio and manager Al López , the White Sox won the American League pennant . They won the AL pennant in 2005 , and went on to win the World Series , led by World Series MVP Jermaine Dye , Paul Konerko , Mark Buehrle , catcher A. J. Pierzynski , and the first Latino manager to win the World Series , Ozzie Guillén .
Adam Troy Dunn ( born November 9 , 1979 ) , nicknamed Big Donkey , is an American former professional baseball left fielder and first baseman . He played in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) for the Cincinnati Reds , Arizona Diamondbacks , Washington Nationals , Chicago White Sox , and Oakland Athletics . He is a two-time MLB All-Star . Dunn batted left-handed and threw right-handed . He is 6 feet 6 inches ( 1.98 m ) in height and weighs 285 pounds ( 129 kg ) . He is tied for most opening day home runs at 8 with Frank Robinson and Ken Griffey , Jr. , and on August 18 , 2012 , he became the 50th MLB player to hit 400 career home runs . He also ranked third on the all-time strikeout list at the time of his retirement , with 2,379 , and fourth for the most Golden sombreros ( at least four strikeouts in a game ) at 19 , tied with Bo Jackson . He also holds the American League record for most strikeouts in a season with 222 , which he set in 2012 .
The Cincinnati Reds are an American professional baseball team based in Cincinnati , Ohio . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the National League ( NL ) Central division . They were a charter member of the American Association in 1882 and joined the NL in 1890 . The Reds played in the NL West division from 1969 to 1993 , before joining the Central division in 1994 . They have won five World Series championships , nine NL pennants , one AA pennant , and 10 division titles . The team plays its home games at Great American Ball Park , which opened in 2003 replacing Riverfront Stadium . Bob Castellini has been chief executive officer since 2006 . From 1882 to 2019 , the Reds ' overall win-loss record is 10,599-10,393 ( a 0.505 winning percentage ) .
Vincent Edward Bo Jackson ( born November 30 , 1962 ) is an American former professional baseball and football player . He is the only professional athlete in history to be named an All-Star in both baseball and football . Jackson 's elite talent in multiple sports has given him the reputation as one of the greatest athletes of all time . Jackson played college football for the Auburn Tigers , and won the Heisman Trophy in 1985 . He played in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Raiders and in Major League Baseball for the Kansas City Royals , Chicago White Sox , and California Angels . He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1996 . In 1989 and 1990 , Jackson 's name became known beyond just sports through the Bo Knows advertising campaign , a series of advertisements by Nike , starring Jackson alongside musician Bo Diddley , promoting a cross-training athletic shoe named for Jackson . A 1990 hip injury on the field ended his football career , and his baseball career ended in 1994 . Jackson expanded into other pursuits , including the completion of his Bachelor of Science degree in Family and Child Development at Auburn . In addition , Jackson appeared in small roles as an actor in television shows such as The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air and Married . with Children , as well as films such as The Chamber .
The Kansas City Royals are an American professional baseball team based in Kansas City , Missouri . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member team of the American League ( AL ) Central division . The team was founded as an expansion franchise in 1969 , and has participated in four World Series , winning in 1985 and 2015 , and losing in 1980 and 2014 . The name Royals pays homage to the American Royal , a livestock show , horse show , rodeo , and championship barbeque competition held annually in Kansas City since 1899 as well as the identical names of two former negro league baseball teams that played in the first half of the 20th century ( one a semi-pro team based in Kansas City in the 1910s and 1920s that toured the Midwest and a California Winter League team based in Los Angeles in the 1940s that was managed by Chet Brewer and included Satchel Paige and Jackie Robinson on its roster ) . The Los Angeles team had personnel connections to the Monarchs but could not use the Monarchs name . The name also fits into something of a theme for other professional sports franchises in the city , including the Kansas City Chiefs of the NFL , the former Kansas City Kings of the NBA , and the former Kansas City Monarchs of the Negro National League . In 1968 , the team held a name-the-team contest that received more than 17,000 entries . Sanford Porte , a bridge engineer from the suburb of Overland Park , Kansas was named the winner for his Royals entry . His reason had nothing to do with royalty . Kansas Citys new baseball team should be called the Royals because of Missouris billion-dollar livestock income , Kansas Citys position as the nations leading stocker and feeder market and the nationally known American Royal parade and pageant , Porte wrote . The team 's board voted 6-1 on the name , with the only opposition coming from team owner Ewing Kauffman , who eventually changed his vote and said the name had grown on him . Entering the American League in 1969 along with the Seattle Pilots , the club was founded by Kansas City businessman Ewing Kauffman .
Robert George Deer ( born September 29 , 1960 ) is an American former baseball player .
The Milwaukee Brewers are an American professional baseball team based in Milwaukee , Wisconsin . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the National League ( NL ) Central division . The team is named for the city 's association with the brewing industry . Since 2001 , the Brewers have played their home games at Miller Park , which has a seating capacity of 41,900 . The team was founded in 1969 as the Seattle Pilots , an expansion team of the American League ( AL ) , in Seattle , Washington . The Pilots played their home games at Sick 's Stadium . After only one season , the team relocated to Milwaukee , becoming known as the Brewers and playing their home games at Milwaukee County Stadium . In 1998 , the Brewers joined the National League . They are the only franchise to play in four different divisions since the advent of divisional play in Major League Baseball in 1969 . They are also one of two current MLB franchises to switch leagues in their history , the other one being the Houston Astros . The team 's only World Series appearance came in 1982 , and they are one of only six current MLB teams that have never won the World Series . After winning the ALCS against the California Angels , the Brewers faced off against the St. Louis Cardinals in the World Series , losing 4-3 .
The Detroit Tigers are an American professional baseball team based in Detroit , Michigan . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member of the American League ( AL ) Central division . One of the AL 's eight charter franchises , the club was founded in Detroit as a member of the minor league Western League in 1894 and is the only Western League team still in its original city . They are also the oldest continuous one name , one city franchise in the AL . Since their establishment as a major league franchise in 1901 , the Tigers have won four World Series championships ( 1935 , 1945 , 1968 , and 1984 ) , 11 AL pennants ( 1907 , 1908 , 1909 , 1934 , 1935 , 1940 , 1945 , 1968 , 1984 , 2006 , 2012 ) , and four AL Central division championships ( 2011 , 2012 , 2013 , and 2014 ) . They also won division titles in 1972 , 1984 , and 1987 as a member of the AL East . The team currently plays its home games at Comerica Park in Downtown Detroit . The Tigers constructed Bennett Park at the corner of Michigan Avenue and Trumbull Avenue in Corktown ( just west of Downtown Detroit ) and began playing there in 1896 . In 1912 , the team moved into Navin Field , which was built on the same location . It was expanded in 1938 and renamed Briggs Stadium . It was renamed Tiger Stadium in 1961 and the Tigers played there until moving to Comerica Park in 2000 . From 1901 to 2019 , the Tigers ' overall win-loss record is 9,346-9,191 ( a winning percentage of .504 ) .
Samuel Kelvin Peralta Sosa ( born November 12 , 1968 ) is a Dominican American former professional baseball right fielder . Starting his career with the Texas Rangers , Sosa became a member of the Chicago Cubs in 1992 and became one of the game 's best hitters . Sosa hit his 400th home run in his 1,354th game and his 5,273rd at-bat , reaching this milestone quicker than any player in National League history . He is one of nine players in MLB history to hit 600 career home runs . In 1998 , Sosa and Mark McGwire achieved national fame for their home run-hitting prowess in pursuit of Roger Maris ' home run record . With the Cubs , Sosa became a 7-time All-Star while holding numerous team records . He finished his career with stints with the Baltimore Orioles and the Texas Rangers . With the Rangers , Sosa hit his 600th career home run to become the fifth player in MLB history to reach the milestone . Sosa is second all-time in home runs among foreign-born MLB players and is one of only three National League players since 1900 to reach 160 RBIs in a season ( 2001 ) . He is also the only player to have hit 60 or more home runs in a single season three times . In a 2005 congressional hearing , Sosa - through his attorney - denied having used performance-enhancing drugs during his playing career .
The Chicago Cubs are an American professional baseball team based in Chicago , Illinois . The Cubs compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the National League ( NL ) Central division . The team plays its home games at Wrigley Field , located on the city 's North Side . The Cubs are one of two major league teams in Chicago ; the other , the Chicago White Sox , is a member of the American League ( AL ) Central division . The Cubs , first known as the White Stockings , were a founding member of the NL in 1876 , becoming the Chicago Cubs in 1903 . The Cubs have appeared in a total of eleven World Series . The 1906 Cubs won 116 games , finishing 116-36 and posting a modern-era record winning percentage of .763 , before losing the World Series to the Chicago White Sox ( The Hitless Wonders ) by four games to two . The Cubs won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908 , becoming the first major league team to play in three consecutive World Series , and the first to win it twice . Most recently , the Cubs won the 2016 National League Championship Series and 2016 World Series , which ended a 71-year National League pennant drought and a 108-year World Series championship drought , both of which are record droughts in Major League Baseball . The 108-year drought was also the longest such occurrence in all major North American sports . Since the start of divisional play in 1969 , the Cubs have appeared in the postseason ten times through the 2019 season . The Cubs are known as the North Siders , a reference to the location of Wrigley Field within the city of Chicago , and in contrast to the White Sox , whose home field ( Guaranteed Rate Field ) is located on the South Side .
José Canseco Capas Jr. ( born July 2 , 1964 ) is a Cuban-American former Major League Baseball ( MLB ) outfielder and designated hitter . During his time with the Oakland A 's , he established himself as one of the premier power hitters in the game . He won the Rookie of the Year ( 1986 ) , and Most Valuable Player award ( 1988 ) , and was a six-time All-Star . Canseco is a two-time World Series winner with the Oakland A 's ( 1989 ) and the New York Yankees ( 2000 ) . In 1988 Canseco became the first player to hit 40 home runs and steal 40 bases in one season and won the Silver Slugger award four times : three as an AL outfielder ( 1988 , 1990 , 1991 ) , and once as a designated hitter ( 1998 ) . He ranks 4th all time in A 's history with 254 home runs and is one of 14 players in MLB history with 400 home runs and 200 stolen bases . Despite his many injuries during the later part of his career , Canseco averaged 40 home runs , 120 RBIs and 102 runs scored every 162 games . As of 2019 [ update ] , Canseco 's 462 career home runs rank him 37th on the MLB all-time list . At one time Canseco was the all-time leader in home runs among Latino players ; but was later surpassed by Manny Ramirez , Albert Pujols , David Ortiz , Carlos Delgado , Rafael Palmeiro , Alex Rodriguez , Sammy Sosa , and Miguel Cabrera . He was the first player to hit 30 home runs for 4 different clubs ; Oakland 33 in 1986 , Texas 31 in 1994 , Toronto 46 in 1998 and Tampa Bay 34 in 1999 ( this was later surpassed by Fred McGriff and Gary Sheffield who did it for 5 different teams ) . Canseco admitted using performance-enhancing drugs during his playing career , and in 2005 wrote a tell-all book , Juiced : Wild Times , Rampant 'Roids , Smash Hits & How Baseball Got Big , in which he claimed that the vast majority of MLB players use steroids . After retiring from Major League Baseball , he also competed in boxing and mixed martial arts .
Mark Andrew Reynolds ( born August 3 , 1983 ) is an American professional baseball infielder who is currently a free agent . He previously played in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) for the Arizona Diamondbacks , Baltimore Orioles , Cleveland Indians , New York Yankees , Milwaukee Brewers , St. Louis Cardinals , Washington Nationals , and two stints with the Colorado Rockies . A right-hander both when batting and throwing , Reynolds has gained attention for his frequent and long home runs , high strikeout totals , and defensive versatility , having been primarily a third baseman before transitioning to first base while playing for the Orioles . The Diamondbacks drafted Reynolds in the 16th round of the 2004 MLB draft from the Cavaliers of the University of Virginia , with whom he played mainly shortstop . In the minor leagues , he played second base , third base , shortstop , and left field . He broke out in 2006 with Lancaster and Tennessee , batting .318 with 31 home runs ( HR ) and 98 runs batted in ( RBIs ) in 106 games . With the Diamondbacks in 2009 , he established career highs in HRs ( 44 ) , RBIs ( 102 ) , stolen bases ( 24 ) , and runs scored ( 98 ) . Known for his extreme statistical output , Reynolds displays prodigious power-hitting , record-breaking strikeout totals , and high error totals . Between 2009 and 2011 , he finished with top ten home run totals and at bats per home run rates . In 2009 , he set the all-time record for most strikeouts among batters in a season . He also holds two other of the ten-highest single-season strikeout totals ( 211 and 204 ) , and led the league in strikeouts in four consecutive seasons . As of 2018 , he led all active major league ballplayers in career strikeouts , with 1,870 .
The Arizona Diamondbacks , often shortened as the D-backs , are an American professional baseball team based in Phoenix , Arizona . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member of the National League ( NL ) West division . The team plays its home games at Chase Field , formerly known as Bank One Ballpark . The Diamondbacks have won one World Series championship ( defeating the New York Yankees in 2001 ) - becoming the fastest expansion team in Major League history to win a championship , which it did in only the fourth season since the franchise 's inception .
The St. Louis Cardinals are an American professional baseball team based in St. Louis , Missouri . The Cardinals compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the National League ( NL ) Central division . Busch Stadium has been their home ballpark since 2006 . One of the nation 's oldest and most successful professional baseball clubs , the Cardinals have won 11 World Series championships , more than any other NL team and second in MLB only to the New York Yankees . The team has won 19 National League pennants , third-most of any team . St. Louis has also won 14 division titles in the East and Central divisions . In 1881 , entrepreneur Chris von der Ahe purchased the Brown Stockings barnstorming club , renamed it the St. Louis Browns , and made it a charter member of the American Association ( AA ) baseball league . The team won four league championships , qualifying them to play in the era 's professional baseball championship tournament , a forerunner of the modern World Series . In two of these championships , the Browns met the Chicago White Stockings , launching the enduring Cardinals-Cubs rivalry . In 1892 , the Browns - also called the Perfectos - joined the National League of Professional Base Ball Clubs , later renamed the National League . In 1900 , the team was renamed the Cardinals . ( Two years later , an unrelated St. Louis Browns team joined the American League . )
Richard Anthony Allen ( born March 8 , 1942 ) is an American former professional baseball player . During his 15-season Major League Baseball ( MLB ) career , he appeared primarily as a first baseman , third baseman , and outfielder , most notably for the Philadelphia Phillies and Chicago White Sox , and is ranked among his sport 's top offensive producers of the 1960s and early 1970s . Allen was an All-Star in seven seasons . He won the 1964 National League ( NL ) Rookie of the Year Award and the 1972 American League ( AL ) Most Valuable Player Award . He also led the AL in home runs for two seasons ; led the NL in slugging percentage one season and the AL in two seasons , respectively ; and led each major league in on-base percentage , one season apiece . His .534 career slugging percentage ranks among the highest in what was an era marked by low offensive production . Allen 's older brother Hank was a reserve outfielder for three AL teams ; his younger brother Ron was briefly a first baseman with the 1972 St. Louis Cardinals . In 2014 , Allen appeared for the first time as a candidate on the Baseball Hall of Fames Golden Era Committee election ballot for possible Hall of Fame consideration in 2015 . He and the other candidates all missed getting elected by the committee . Allen was one vote short of the required 12 votes needed for election . The Golden Era Committee met and voted on 10 selected candidates from the 1947-1972 era every three years , until being replaced by the Golden Days Committee , in 2016 . The Golden Days Committee is scheduled to vote next in 2020 , for induction into the Halls Class of 2021 .
Andrés José Padovani Galarraga ( Spanish : [ anˈdɾez ɣalaˈraɣa ] ; born June 18 , 1961 ) is a Venezuelan former professional baseball first baseman , who played in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) for the Montreal Expos ( 1985-1991 and 2002 ) , St. Louis Cardinals ( 1992 ) , Colorado Rockies ( 1993-1997 ) , Atlanta Braves ( 1998-2000 ) , Texas Rangers ( 2001 ) , San Francisco Giants ( 2001 and 2003 ) and Anaheim Angels ( 2004 ) . He batted and threw right-handed . During his playing days , Galarraga stood 6 feet 3 inches ( 1.91 m ) tall , weighing 235 pounds ( 107 kg ) . Galarraga began his professional career in Venezuela at the age of 16 . Despite several injuries that plagued Galarraga throughout his career , he was a very popular player both for his achievements on the field , and for his big and bright smile . He was nicknamed The Big Cat ( textually translated from English as El Gran Gato , although his nickname in his native Venezuela was El Gato ) for his impressively quick reflexes and seamless defensive skills as a first baseman in spite of his large physical size . Galarraga was a five-time National League ( NL ) All-Star , won two NL Gold Glove Awards and two NL Silver Slugger Awards , and won two MLB Comeback Player of the Year Award , the second time after his successful return to baseball following cancer treatment .
The Montreal Expos ( French : Les Expos de Montréal ) were a Canadian professional baseball team based in Montreal , Quebec . The Expos were the first Major League Baseball ( MLB ) franchise located outside the United States . They played in the National League ( NL ) East division from 1969 until 2004 . Following the 2004 season , the franchise relocated to Washington , D.C. , and became the Washington Nationals . Immediately after the minor league Triple-A Montreal Royals folded in 1960 , political leaders in Montreal sought an MLB franchise , and when the National League evaluated expansion candidates for the 1969 season , it awarded a team to Montreal . Named after the Expo 67 World 's Fair , the Expos originally played at Jarry Park Stadium before moving to Olympic Stadium in 1977 . The Expos failed to post a winning record in any of their first ten seasons . The team won its only division title in the strike-shortened 1981 season , but lost the 1981 National League Championship Series ( NLCS ) to the Los Angeles Dodgers . The team was sold in 1991 by its majority , founding owner , Charles Bronfman , to a consortium headed by Claude Brochu . Felipe Alou was promoted to the team 's field manager in 1992 , becoming MLB 's first Dominican-born manager . He led the team to four winning seasons , including 1994 , where the Expos had the best record in baseball before a players ' strike ended the season . Alou became the Expos leader in games managed ( 1,409 ) .
The Colorado Rockies are an American professional baseball team based in Denver , Colorado . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the National League ( NL ) West division . The team 's home venue is Coors Field , located in the Lower Downtown area of Denver . The team is owned by the Monfort brothers and managed by Bud Black . The Rockies began play as an expansion team for the 1993 season , and played their home games for their first two seasons at Mile High Stadium . Since 1995 , they have played at Coors Field , which has earned a reputation as a hitter 's park . The Rockies have qualified for the postseason five times , each time as a Wild Card winner . In 2007 , the team earned its first ( and only ) NL pennant after winning 14 of their final 15 games in the regular season to secure a Wild Card position . In the 2007 World Series , they were swept by the American League ( AL ) champions Boston Red Sox in four games .
David Arthur Kingman ( born December 21 , 1948 ) , nicknamed King Kong and Sky King , is a former Major League Baseball left fielder , first baseman , third baseman , and designated hitter who was a 3 time MLB All-Star with 442 career home runs and 1,210 RBI in 16 seasons . In his career , Kingman averaged a home run every 15.11 at bats , tied for 14th best all-time . The 6 ' 6 Kingman was a power hitter , who twice led the National League in home runs . Known for his long home runs , Kingman hit one measured at over 530 feet . Kingman struck out frequently , and posted a low batting average and on-base percentage . His 1,816 strikeouts was the fourth-highest total in MLB history at the time of his retirement . As a result of the increase in frequency of strikeouts in the intervening period , he currently ranks eighteenth as of January 2019 . Kingman finished in the top 25 voting for National League Most Valuable Player four times ( 1972 , 1975 , 1976 , and 1979 ) and American League Most Valuable Player once ( 1984 ) .
The New York Mets are a Major League Baseball team based in the New York City borough of Queens . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the National League ( NL ) East division . They are one of two MLB teams based in New York City , the other being the New York Yankees of the American League ( AL ) . One of baseball 's first expansion teams , the Mets were founded in 1962 to replace New York 's departed NL teams , the Brooklyn Dodgers and the New York Giants . The team 's colors combine the Dodgers ' blue and the Giants ' orange . For the 1962 and 1963 seasons , the Mets played home games at the Polo Grounds . From 1964 to 2008 , their home ballpark was Shea Stadium . In 2009 , they moved into their current ballpark , Citi Field . In their inaugural season , the Mets posted a record of 40-120 , the worst regular season record since MLB went to a 162-game schedule . The team never finished better than second-to-last until the Miracle Mets beat the Baltimore Orioles in the 1969 World Series , one of the biggest upsets in World Series history . Since then , they have played in four World Series , including a dramatic run in 1973 that ended in a seven-game loss to the Oakland Athletics , a second championship in 1986 over the Boston Red Sox , a Subway Series loss against their cross-town rivals the New York Yankees in 2000 , and a five-game loss to the Kansas City Royals in 2015 . The Mets qualified to play in the MLB postseason in 1988 and 2006 , coming within one game of the World Series both years .
The San Francisco Giants are an American professional baseball team based in San Francisco , California . They compete in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) as a member club of the National League ( NL ) West division . Founded in 1883 as the New York Gothams , and renamed three years later the New York Giants , the team eventually moved to San Francisco in 1958 . As one of the longest-established and most successful professional baseball teams , the franchise has won the most games of any team in the history of American baseball . The team was the first major league team based in New York City , most memorably playing at the legendary Polo Grounds . They have won 23 NL pennants and have played in 20 World Series competitions - both NL records . The Giants ' eight World Series championships rank second in the National League and fifth overall ( the New York Yankees are first with 27 , then the St. Louis Cardinals ( the National League record-holders ) with 11 , and the Oakland Athletics and the Boston Red Sox both with 9 ) . The Giants have played in the World Series 20 times - 14 times in New York , six in San Francisco - but boycotted the event in 1904 . Playing as the New York Giants , they won 14 pennants and five World Series championships behind managers such as John McGraw and Bill Terry and players such as Christy Mathewson , Carl Hubbell , Mel Ott , Bobby Thomson , and Willie Mays . The Giants ' franchise has the most Hall of Fame players in all of professional baseball . The Giants ' rivalry with the Los Angeles Dodgers is one of the longest-standing and biggest rivalries in American sports . The teams began their rivalry as the New York Giants and Brooklyn Dodgers , respectively , before both franchises moved west for the 1958 season .