List of tallest dams
Under construction
Table:
Name

Height

Type

Country

River

Rogun Dam
335 m (1,099 ft)
Embankment
Tajikistan
Vakhsh River

Bakhtiari Dam
325 m (1,066 ft)
Concrete arch
Iran
Bakhtiari River

Shuangjiangkou Dam
312 m (1,024 ft)
Embankment, rock-fill
China
Dadu River

Lianghekou Dam
295 m (968 ft)
Embankment, concrete-face rock-fill
China
Yalong, Qingda and Xianshui River confluence

Brushy Fork Tailings Dam
290.8 m (954 ft)
Embankment
United States
Brushy Fork

Baihetan Dam
277 m (909 ft)
Concrete arch
China
Jinsha River

Diamer-Bhasha Dam
272 m (892 ft)
Concrete gravity
Pakistan
River Indus

Dasu Dam
242 m (794 ft)
Concrete gravity
Pakistan
River Indus

Antamina Tailings Dam
240 m (790 ft)[18]
Embankment, concrete-face rock-fill
Peru
Ayash River

Wudongde Dam
240 m (790 ft)
Concrete gravity
China
Jinsha River

Kishau Dam
236 m (774 ft)
Concrete gravity
India
Tons River

Tasang Dam
228 m (748 ft)
Embankment, concrete-face rock-fill
Myanmar
Salween River

Ituango Dam
225 m (738 ft)
Embankment, earth-fill
Colombia
Cauca River

Houziyan Dam
223.5 m (733 ft)
Embankment, concrete-face rock-fill
China
Dadu River

Maerdang Dam
211 m (692 ft)
Embankment, concrete-face rock-fill
China
Yellow River

Lakhwar Dam
204 m (669 ft)
Concrete gravity
India
Yamuna River

Huangdeng Dam
203 m (666 ft)
Concrete gravity
China
Lancang River

Khersan-3 Dam
195 m (640 ft)
Concrete arch, variable-radius
Iran
Khersan River

Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam
175 m (574 ft)[19]
Concrete gravity
Ethiopia
Blue Nile River

Sykia Dam[14]
170 m (560 ft)
Embankment, earth-fill
Greece
Achelous River

Using the provided table as well as the relevant paragraphs provided at the end.

Respond to the question below: What type of dam is the dam that is located in the Huincush Ravine ? Return your answer as JSON: {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Do not introduce information beyond the provided sources.

Rogun Dam is an embankment dam under construction on the Vakhsh River in southern Tajikistan . The dam is situated 110 km from Dushanbe . It is one of the planned hydroelectric power plants of Vakhsh Cascade . Construction of the dam began in the Soviet era , in 1976 , but was abandoned after the collapse of the Soviet Union . Over three decades only preliminary construction has been carried out on the dam . Due to its controversial state , construction was suspended in August 2012 pending World Bank reports . The project was restarted by the Tajik government with Chinese help in 2017 . The power plant 's first unit was commissioned in November 2018 . The dam has drawn complaints from neighboring Uzbekistan , which fears it will negatively impact its lucrative cotton crops . The dispute over the project has contributed significantly to bitter relations between the two former Soviet republics .
Tajikistan ( /tɑːˈdʒiːkɪstɑːn/ ( listen ) , /tə- , tæ-/ ; Tajik : Тоҷикистон [ tɔdʒikisˈtɔn ] ) , officially the Republic of Tajikistan ( Tajik : Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон , Jumhurii Tojikiston ) is a mountainous , landlocked country in Central Asia with an area of 143,100 km2 ( 55,300 sq mi ) and an estimated population of 9,275,828 people . It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south , Uzbekistan to the west , Kyrgyzstan to the north , and China to the east . The traditional homelands of the Tajik people include present-day Tajikistan as well as parts of Afghanistan and Uzbekistan . The territory that now constitutes Tajikistan was previously home to several ancient cultures , including the city of Sarazm of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age , and was later home to kingdoms ruled by people of different faiths and cultures , including the Oxus civilisation , Andronovo culture , Buddhism , Nestorian Christianity , Zoroastrianism , Manichaeism and Islam . The area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties , including the Achaemenid Empire , Sasanian Empire , Hephthalite Empire , Samanid Empire , Mongol Empire , Timurid dynasty , the Khanate of Bukhara , the Russian Empire , and subsequently the Soviet Union . Within the Soviet Union , the country 's modern borders were drawn when it was part of Uzbekistan as an autonomous republic before becoming a full-fledged Soviet republic in 1929 . On 9 September 1991 , Tajikistan became an independent sovereign nation when the Soviet Union disintegrated . A civil war was fought almost immediately after independence , lasting from 1992 to 1997 . Since the end of the war , newly established political stability and foreign aid have allowed the country 's economy to grow . Like all other Central Asian neighbouring states , the country , led by President Emomali Rahmon since 1994 , has been criticised by a number of non-governmental organizations for authoritarian leadership , lack of religious freedom , corruption and widespread violations of human rights . Tajikistan is a presidential republic consisting of four provinces . Most of Tajikistan 's population belongs to the Tajik ethnic group , who speak Tajik ( a dialect of Persian ) .
The Vakhsh ( River ) ( Tajik : Вахш , romanized : Vaxsh , Persian : وخش ) , also known as the Surkhob ( Сурхоб , سرخاب ) , in north-central Tajikistan , and the Kyzyl-Suu ( Kyrgyz : Кызылсуу , romanized : Qızılsuu ) , in Kyrgyzstan , is a Central Asian river , and one of the main rivers of Tajikistan . It is a tributary of the Amu Darya river .
The Bakhtiari Dam is an arch dam currently under construction on the Bakhtiari River within the Zagros Mountains on the border of Lorestan and Khuzestan Provinces , Iran . At a planned height of 325 metres ( 1,066 ft ) , it will be the world 's tallest dam once completed and withhold the second largest reservoir in Iran after the Karkheh reservoir . The main purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power production and it will support a 1,500 MW power station . By trapping sediment , the dam is also expected to extend the life of the Dez Dam 50 km ( 31 mi ) downstream .
Iran ( Persian : ایران Irān [ ʔiːˈɾɒːn ] ( listen ) ) , also called Persia , and officially the Islamic Republic of Iran ( Persian : جمهوری اسلامی ایران Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān ( listen ) [ dʒomhuːˌɾije eslɒːˌmije ʔiːˈɾɒn ] ) , is a country in Western Asia . With 82 million inhabitants , Iran is the world 's 18th most populous country . Its territory spans 1,648,195 km2 ( 636,372 sq mi ) , making it the second largest country in the Middle East and the 17th largest in the world . Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan , [ a ] to the north by the Caspian Sea , to the northeast by Turkmenistan , to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan , to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman , and to the west by Turkey and Iraq . Its central location in Eurasia and Western Asia , and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz , give it geostrategic importance . Tehran is the political and economic center of Iran , and the largest and most populous city in Western Asia with more than 8.8 million residents in the city and 15 million in the larger metropolitan area . Iran is home to one of the world 's oldest civilizations , beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE . It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE , and reached its territorial height in the sixth century BCE under Cyrus the Great , whose Achaemenid Empire stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley , one of the largest empires in history . The empire fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states . An Iranian rebellion established the Parthian Empire in the third century BCE , which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire , a leading world power for the next four centuries . Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE , and the subsequent Islamization of Iran led to the decline of the once dominant Zoroastrian religion . Iran 's major contributions to art , philosophy , and science spread throughout the Muslim world and beyond during the Islamic Golden Age .
The Bakhtiari River is a river in Iran and a tributary of the Dez River in southwestern Iran . Before forming the Dez , the Bakhtiari has a confluence with the Sezar River .
The Shuangjiangkou Dam ( Chinese : 双江口大坝/双江口水电站 ) , also referred to as Shuang Jiang Kou ( Chinese : 双江口 ) , is an embankment dam currently being constructed on the Dadu River in Sichuan Province , China . When completed , the 312-metre-tall ( 1,024 ft ) dam will be the tallest dam in the world . Preliminary construction began in 2008 and the entire project was expected to be complete in 2018 . By April 2011 , over 200,000,000 m3 ( 261,590,124 cu yd ) of material had been excavated from the construction site . In March 2013 , China 's Ministry of Environmental Protection approved construction on the dam 's superstructure and associated facilities . The government acknowledged that the dam would have negative impacts on the environment but that developers were working to mitigate them . The dam is being built by the Guodian Group at a cost of US $ 4.02 billion . The entire construction period is expected to last 10 years . All turbines are expected to be commissioned by 2023 .
China ( Chinese : 中国 ; pinyin : Zhōngguó ) , officially the People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) , is a country in East Asia and is the world 's most populous country , with a population of around 1.428 billion in 2017 . Covering approximately 9,600,000 square kilometers ( 3,700,000 sq mi ) , it is the third largest country by area . [ j ] Governed by the Communist Party of China , the state exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces , [ k ] five autonomous regions , four direct-controlled municipalities ( Beijing , Tianjin , Shanghai , and Chongqing ) , and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau . China emerged as one of the world 's first civilizations , in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain . For millennia , China 's political system was based on hereditary monarchies , or dynasties , beginning with the semi-mythical Xia dynasty in 21st century BCE . Since then , China has expanded , fractured , and re-unified numerous times . In the 3rd century BCE , the Qin reunited core China and established the first Chinese empire . The succeeding Han dynasty , which ruled from 206 BCE until 220 CE , saw some of the most advanced technology at that time , including papermaking and the compass , along with agricultural and medical improvements . The invention of gunpowder and movable type in the Tang dynasty ( 618-907 ) and Northern Song ( 960-1127 ) completed the Four Great Inventions . Tang culture spread widely in Asia , as the new Silk Route brought traders to as far as Mesopotamia and the Horn of Africa . Dynastic rule ended in 1912 with the Xinhai Revolution , when the Republic of China ( ROC ) replaced the Qing dynasty . China , as a whole , was ravaged by feudal warlordism and Japan during World War II .
The Dadu River ( Chinese : 大渡河 ; pinyin : Dàdù Hé ; Wade-Giles : Tatu Ho ) , known in Tibetan as the Gyelmo Ngul Chu , is a major river located primarily in Sichuan province , southwestern China . The Dadu flows from the eastern Tibetan Plateau into the Sichuan Basin where it joins with the Min River , a tributary of the Yangtze River . Measured from its geographic source , the Dadu is actually longer than the Min and thus forms the main stem of the Min River system . Shuangjiangkou Dam , expected to be the tallest dam in the world , is being built on the Dadu River .
The Lianghekou Dam ( meaning : mouth of two rivers ) is a concrete-face rock-fill dam currently under construction on the Yalong River in Yajiang County , Sichuan Province , China . The dam is located at the confluence of the Yalong , Xianshui and Qingda Rivers . The 295 m ( 968 ft ) tall dam will be the highest embankment dam in the country and support a 3,000 MW power station . Studies for the dam were completed between 2005 and 2009 with preliminary construction beginning that year . Major works on the dam officially began in October 2014 . The first generator is expected to be commissioned in 2021 and the project complete in 2023 . When the dam 's reservoir fills , it will force the relocation of over 4,900 people .
The Yalong River ( Chinese : 雅砻江 , p Yǎlóngjiāng , w Ya-lung Chiang , IPA [ jàlʊ̌ŋ tɕjàŋ ] ) or Nyag Chu ( Tibetan : ཉག་ཆུ་ , z Nyag Qu ) is an 822-mile ( 1,323 km ) long river in Sichuan province in southwestern China . It is a tributary of the Yangtze River . Its source is on the Tibet-Qinghai Plateau in southeast Qinghai , and its confluence with the Yangtze is in Panzhihua in southwestern Sichuan . Along its route , the Yalong travels between the Shaluli Mountains to the west and the Daxue Mountains to the east . In Liangshan Prefecture , the river wraps 150 km ( 93 mi ) around the Jinping Mountains creating the Jinping Bend . Here , water from the Yalong River has been diverted under the mountains as part of the Jinping-II Dam hydroelectric project .
Xianshui River ( Chinese : 鲜水河 ; pinyin : Xiānshuǐ Hé ) - a river in Sichuan province , southern China .
The Brushy Fork Coal Impoundment , also known as the Brushy Fork Coal Sludge Dam , is a large tailings dam on the Brushy Fork near Marfork in western Raleigh County of West Virginia , United States . It is located 18 mi ( 29 km ) northwest of Beckley , the seat of Raleigh County . Brushy Fork flows into Little Marsh Fork , which then enters Marsh Fork , which is a tributary of the Coal River . The purpose of the dam is to store a sludge consisting of tailings and waste from a nearby coal mine . In 1995 Massey Energy received a permit to construct the dam . Over the years additional permits to increase the size and storage volume of the dam have been issued in the midst of local and regional opposition to its structural integrity . Currently at approximately 900 ft ( 270 m ) in height , it is the tallest dam in the Western Hemisphere . When complete its designed height will be 954 ft ( 291 m ) . Wasted rock from the coal mining process is used as the dam filler . The dam currently withholds about 25,100 acre⋅ft ( 31,000,000 m3 ) of waste . This capacity will be increased to 30,075 acre⋅ft ( 37,097,000 m3 ) upon completion .
The United States of America ( USA ) , commonly known as the United States ( U.S. or US ) or America , is a country consisting of 50 states , a federal district , five major self-governing territories , and various possessions . [ g ] At 3.8 million square miles ( 9.8 million km2 ) , it is the world 's third or fourth-largest country by total area [ b ] and is slightly smaller than the entire continent of Europe . Most of the country is located in central North America between Canada and Mexico . With an estimated population of over 328 million , the U.S. is the third most populous country in the world . The capital is Washington , D.C. , and the most populous city is New York City . Paleo-Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 12,000 years ago . European colonization began in the 16th century . The United States emerged from the thirteen British colonies established along the East Coast . Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies led to the American Revolutionary War lasting between 1775 and 1783 , leading to independence . The United States embarked on a vigorous expansion across North America throughout the 19th century - gradually acquiring new territories , displacing Native Americans , and admitting new states - until by 1848 it spanned the continent . During the second half of the 19th century , the American Civil War led to the abolition of slavery in the United States . The Spanish-American War and World War I confirmed the country 's status as a global military power .
Brushy Fork is a stream in Miller County in the U.S. state of Missouri . It is a tributary of Tavern Creek . The stream headwaters arise just north of Missouri Route 42 about two miles northeast of Brumley at 38°05′54″N 92°27′16″W / 38.09833°N 92.45444°W / 38.09833 ; -92.45444 and an elevation of about 950 feet . The stream flows to the northeast passing between the communities of Ulman and Watkins and under Missouri Route 17 to its confluence with Tavern Creek at 38°10′03″N 92°19′37″W / 38.16750°N 92.32694°W / 38.16750 ; -92.32694Coordinates : 38°10′03″N 92°19′37″W / 38.16750°N 92.32694°W / 38.16750 ; -92.32694 . Brushy Fork was so named due to the abundance of brush along its course .
The Baihetan Dam ( simplified Chinese : 白鹤滩大坝 ; traditional Chinese : 白鶴灘大壩 ; pinyin : Báihètān Dàbà ) is a large hydroelectric dam under construction on the Jinsha River , a tributary of the Yangtze River in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces , in the southwest of China . The dam is a 277 m tall double-curvature arch dam with a crest elevation of 827 m. Its width will be 72 m at the base and 13 m at the crest . The facility will generate power by utilizing 16 turbines , each with a generating capacity of 1,000 MW , taking the generating capacity to 16,000 MW . In terms of generating capacity , it will be the second largest hydroelectric power plant in the world , after the Three Gorges Dam . When finished , it will be the third largest dam in China and the fourth in the world , in terms of dam volume . Construction on the dam began in 2008 and is expected to be complete in 2021 .
The Jinsha River ( Chinese : 金沙江 , p Jīnshājiāng , Gold Sand River ) is the Chinese name for the upper stretches of the Yangtze River . It flows through the provinces of Qinghai , Sichuan , and Yunnan in western China . The river passes through Tiger Leaping Gorge . It is sometimes grouped together with the Lancang ( upper Mekong ) and Nu ( upper Salween ) as the Sanjiang ( Three Rivers ) area , part of which makes up the Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas .
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and some part in Diamer , Gilgit Baltistan , Pakistan . Its foundation stone was laid by the then Prime Minister of Pakistan on 1998 . Upon completion , Diamer-Bhasha Dam would be the highest dam in the world . The dam site is situated near a place called Bhasha in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Gilgit Baltistan , hence the name . Upon completion , Diamer-Bhasha Dam would ( i ) produce 4800 megawatts of electricity through hydro-power generation ; ( ii ) store an extra 10.5 cubic kilometres ( 8,500,000 acre⋅ft ) of water for Pakistan that would be used for irrigation and drinking ; ( iii ) extend the life of Tarbela Dam located downstream by 35 years ; and ( iv ) control flood damage by the River Indus downstream during high floods . However , in response to using Basha Dam to sideline the Kalabagh Dam , Engineer Anwer Khurshid has stated that Bhasha dam is no substitute for Kalabagh dam not because of its altitude which is high enough , but because no irrigation canals can be taken out from it because of the hilly terrain . No canals can be taken out from any dam on the Indus except from Kalabagh Dam . It is planned to have a height of 272 meters spillway with fourteen gates each 11.5 m × 16.24 m. The gross capacity of the reservoir will be 10 cubic kilometres ( 8,100,000 acre⋅ft ) , with a live storage of 7.9 cubic kilometres ( 6,400,000 acre⋅ft ) . Two underground powerhouses are being proposed , one on each side of the main dam having six turbines on each side with a total installed capacity of 4500 MW .
Pakistan , [ b ] officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan , [ c ] is a country in South Asia . It is the world 's sixth-most populous country with a population exceeding 207.8 million . In area , it is the 33rd-largest country , spanning 881,913 square kilometres ( 340,509 square miles ) . Pakistan has a 1,046-kilometre ( 650-mile ) coastline along the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east , Afghanistan to the west , Iran to the southwest , and China in the northeast . It is separated narrowly from Tajikistan by Afghanistan 's Wakhan Corridor in the northwest , and also shares a maritime border with Oman . The territory that now constitutes Pakistan was the site of several ancient cultures and intertwined with the history of the broader Indian subcontinent . The ancient history involves the Neolithic site of Mehrgarh and the Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilisation , and was later home to kingdoms ruled by people of different faiths and cultures , including Hindus , Indo-Greeks , Muslims , Turco-Mongols , Afghans and Sikhs . The area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties , including the Persian Achaemenid Empire , Alexander III of Macedon , the Seleucid Empire , the Indian Maurya Empire , the Gupta Empire , the Arab Umayyad Caliphate , the Delhi Sultanate , the Mongol Empire , the Mughal Empire , the Afghan Durrani Empire , the Sikh Empire ( partially ) and , most recently , the British Indian Empire . Pakistan is the only country to have been created in the name of Islam . It is an ethnically and linguistically diverse country , with similarly diverse geography and wildlife . Initially a dominion , Pakistan adopted a constitution in 1956 , becoming an Islamic republic . An ethnic civil war and Indian military intervention in 1971 resulted in the secession of East Pakistan as the new country of Bangladesh .
The Indus River ( locally called Sindhu ) is one of the longest rivers in Asia , originating in the Tibetan Plateau in the vicinity of Lake Manasarovar , the river runs a course through Ladakh towards the Gilgit-Baltistan region Hindukush ranges , and then flows in a southerly direction along the entire length of Pakistan to merge into the Arabian Sea near the port city of Karachi in Sindh . It is the longest river and national river of Pakistan . The river has a total drainage area exceeding 1,165,000 km2 ( 450,000 sq mi ) . Its estimated annual flow stands at around 243 km3 ( 58 cu mi ) , twice that of the Nile River and three times that of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers combined , making it one of the largest rivers in the world in terms of annual flow . The Zanskar is its left bank tributary in Ladakh . In the plains , its left bank tributary is the Panjnad which itself has five major tributaries , namely , the Chenab , Jhelum , the Ravi , the Beas , and the Sutlej . Its principal right bank tributaries are the Shyok , the Gilgit , the Kabul , the Gomal , and the Kurram . Beginning in a mountain spring and fed with glaciers and rivers in the Himalayan , Karakoram and Hindu Kush ranges , the river supports ecosystems of temperate forests , plains and arid countryside . The northern part of the Indus Valley , with its tributaries , forms the Punjab region , while the lower course of the river is known as Sindh and ends in a large delta . The river has historically been important to many cultures of the region . The 3rd millennium BC saw the rise of a major urban civilization of the Bronze Age . During the 2nd millennium BC , the Punjab region was mentioned in the hymns of the Hindu Rigveda as Sapta Sindhu and the Zoroastrian Avesta as Hapta Hindu ( both terms meaning seven rivers ) .
The Dasu Dam is a gravity dam currently being constructed on the Indus River near Dasu in Kohistan District , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province , Pakistan . The 242 m ( 794 ft ) tall dam will support a 4,320 MW hydroelectric power station which will be built in two 2,160 MW stages . Water from the reservoir will be diverted to the power station located about 3.5 km ( 2.2 mi ) downstream . The first stage was approved by the Executive Committee of the National Economic Council on 29 March 2014 . That stage will cost an estimated US $ 4.278 billion . Funding is being provided by the World Bank ( US $ 700 million ) , the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China ( US $ 1.5 billion ) , Deutsche Bank ( US $ 1 billion ) and Aga Khan Development Network ( US $ 500 Million ) . Completion of stage one is expected in February 2023 . Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif attended the dam 's groundbreaking ceremony on 25 June 2014 .
The Antamina Tailings Dam , also known as the Antamina Tailings Impoundment Facility , is a tailings dam located in the Huincush Ravine 55 km ( 34 mi ) east of Huaraz in the Ancash Region of Peru . The purpose of the dam is to store tailings processed at the nearby Antamina mine . In 2003 , Golder Associates , Burnaby , B.C . was awarded the 2002 Canadian Consulting Engineering Award for its innovative design of the dam .
Peru ( /pəˈruː/ ( listen ) ; Spanish : Perú [ peˈɾu ] ; Quechua : Piruw Republika [ pʰɪɾʊw ] ; Aymara : Piruw Suyu [ pɪɾʊw ] ) , officially the Republic of Peru ( Spanish : República del Perú ( help·info ) ) , is a country in western South America . It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia , in the east by Brazil , in the southeast by Bolivia , in the south by Chile , and in the west by the Pacific Ocean . Peru is a megadiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains vertically extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon Basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon river . At 1.28 million km2 ( 0.5 million mi2 ) , Peru is the 19th largest country in the world , and the third largest in South America . Peruvian territory was home to several ancient cultures . Ranging from the Norte Chico civilization starting in 3500 BC , the oldest civilization in the Americas and one of the five cradles of civilization , to the Inca Empire , the largest state in pre-Columbian America , the territory now including Peru has one of the longest histories of civilization of any country , tracing its heritage back to the 4th millennia BCE . The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century and established a viceroyalty that encompassed most of its South American colonies , with its capital in Lima . Peru formally proclaimed independence in 1821 , and following the military campaigns of José de San Martín and Simón Bolívar , and the decisive battle of Ayacucho , Peru completed its independence in 1824 . In the ensuing years , the country enjoyed relative economic and political stability , which ended shortly before the War of the Pacific with Chile . Throughout the 20th century , Peru endured armed territorial disputes , coups , social unrest , and internal conflicts , as well as periods of stability and economic upswing . Alberto Fujimori was elected to the presidency in 1990 ; his government was credited with economically stabilizing Peru and successfully ending the Shining Path insurgency , though he was widely accused of human rights violations and suppression of political dissent . Fujimori left the presidency in 2000 and was charged with human rights violations and imprisoned until his pardon by President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski in 2017 .
The Wudongde Dam ( simplified Chinese : 乌东德坝 ; traditional Chinese : 烏東德壩 ; pinyin : Wūdōngdé Bà ) is a large hydroelectric dam currently under construction on the Jinsha River , a tributary of the Yangtze River in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces , southwest China . The design is one of the tallest in the world at 240 m ( 787 ft ) , and will generate power by utilizing 12 turbines , each with a generating capacity of 850 MW , totalling the generating capacity to 10,200 MW . Construction began in 2014 , the first generator is scheduled to be commissioned in 2018 and the entire project completed in 2020 .
The Kishau Dam is a proposed gravity dam on the Tons River which will straddle the border between the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand . The project site is located about 39 km ( 24 mi ) north of Dakpathar and upstream of the Ichari Dam . The primary purpose of the dam is power generation and downstream water supply . It will support a 660 MW power station and provide water for the irrigation of 97,076 ha ( 239,880 acres ) of crops . After years of negotiations over water-sharing between the two states , the dam is currently awaiting clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forests . Construction was originally expected to begin in 2015 . Approval was granted in 2018 . Completion is slated for 2023 .
India ( Hindi : Bhārat ) , officially the Republic of India ( Hindi : Bhārat Gaṇarājya ) , is a country in South Asia . It is the seventh-largest country by area , the second-most populous country , and the most populous democracy in the world . Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south , the Arabian Sea on the southwest , and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast , it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west ; [ e ] China , Nepal , and Bhutan to the north ; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east . In the Indian Ocean , India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives ; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia . Modern humans arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa no later than 55,000 years ago . Their long occupation , initially in varying forms of isolation as hunter-gatherers , has made the region highly diverse , second only to Africa in human genetic diversity . Settled life emerged on the subcontinent in the western margins of the Indus river basin 9,000 years ago , evolving gradually into the Indus Valley Civilisation of the third millennium BCE . By 1200 BCE , an archaic form of Sanskrit , an Indo-European language , had diffused into India from the northwest , unfolding as the language of the Rigveda , and recording the dawning of Hinduism in India . The Dravidian languages of India were supplanted in the northern regions . By 400 BCE , stratification and exclusion by caste had emerged within Hinduism , and Buddhism and Jainism had arisen , proclaiming social orders unlinked to heredity . Early political consolidations gave rise to the loose-knit Maurya and Gupta Empires based in the Ganges Basin . Their collective era was suffused with wide-ranging creativity , but also marked by the declining status of women , and the incorporation of untouchability into an organised system of belief .
The Tons ( टौंस नदी ) is the largest tributary [ citation needed ] of the Yamuna and flows through Garhwal region in Uttarakhand , touching Himachal Pradesh . The Tons thrust is named after this river . the main source is Ruinsara snout , located below Dhum Dhar kandi ridge which leads to Kalanag and Banderpoonch and is one of the most major perennial Indian Himalayan rivers . In fact , it carries more water than the Yamuna itself , which it meets below Kalsi near Dehradun , Uttarakhand .
The Tasang Dam ( Burmese : တာဆန်းဆည် ) , also known as the Mong Ton Dam , is a planned multi-purpose dam on the Salween River in the Shan State , Myanmar . The Tasang dam 's location will be 480 km ( 300 mi ) northeast of Rangoon and 52.8 km ( 32.8 mi ) west of Mongtong . The Tasang Dam will be the first dam on the Salween River and will be the largest hydroelectric dam in Myanmar and the tallest dam in Southeast Asia if completed . The Tasang will cost more than US $ 6 billion and is planned for completion in 2022 . The groundbreaking ceremony was in March 2007 , but construction has been stalled , and there has been little activity at the dam site as of 2008 . Substantial domestic and international controversy surrounds the Tasang Dam project . The Tasang dam is one of five dams the Myanmar Government plans to build on the Salween River .
Myanmar ( English pronunciation below ; Burmese : မြန်မာ , [ mjəmà ] ) [ nb 1 ] or Burma ( see §Etymology ) , officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar [ nb 2 ] , is a country in Southeast Asia . Myanmar is bordered by Bangladesh and India to its northwest , China to its northeast , Laos and Thailand to its east and southeast , and the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal to its south and southwest . With a size of 676,578 square kilometres ( 261,228 square miles ) , Myanmar is the largest of the Mainland Southeast Asian states by area . As of 2017 , the population is about 54 million . Its capital city is Naypyidaw , and its largest city is Yangon ( Rangoon ) . Myanmar has been a member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ( ASEAN ) since 1997 . Early civilisations in Myanmar included the Tibeto-Burman-speaking Pyu city-states in Upper Burma and the Mon kingdoms in Lower Burma . In the 9th century , the Bamar people entered the upper Irrawaddy valley and , following the establishment of the Pagan Kingdom in the 1050s , the Burmese language , culture and Theravada Buddhism slowly became dominant in the country . The Pagan Kingdom fell due to the Mongol invasions and several warring states emerged . In the 16th century , reunified by the Taungoo dynasty , the country was for a brief period the largest empire in the history of Mainland Southeast Asia . The early 19th century Konbaung dynasty ruled over an area that included modern Myanmar and briefly controlled Manipur and Assam as well . The British East India Company seized control of the administration of Myanmar after three Anglo-Burmese Wars in the 19th century and the country became a British colony .
The Salween , known in China as the Nu River , is a river about 2,815 kilometres ( 1,749 mi ) long that flows from the Tibetan Plateau into the Andaman Sea in Southeast Asia . It drains a narrow and mountainous watershed of 324,000 square kilometres ( 125,000 sq mi ) that extends into the countries of China , Burma and Thailand . Steep canyon walls line the swift and powerful Salween . Its extensive drainage basin supports a biodiversity comparable with the Mekong and is home to about 7 million people . In 2003 , key parts of the mid-region watershed of the river were included within the Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas , a UNESCO World Heritage Site . The people who live on the Salween are relatively isolated from the rest of the world . The river is only navigable up to 90 kilometres ( 56 mi ) from the mouth , and only in the rainy season . The Burma Road was constructed between 1937 and 1938 during the Second Sino-Japanese War and crossed the river at the Huitong bridge . The Huitong bridge was blown by the retreating Chinese army and the river became the frontline from 1942 to 1944 . The Salween Campaign of World War II , was launched in order to liberate occupied China and open the Burma Road again and connect it to the Ledo Road . Logging began on the mountains surrounding the Salween in the late 20th century , and has damaged the river 's ecology . In recent years , there have been a number of proposals to dam the Salween River , both upstream in China and downstream in Myanmar , which have prompted social and environmental concerns as well as widespread opposition .
The Ituango Dam , also referred to as the Pescadero-Ituango Dam , is an embankment dam currently under construction on the Cauca River near Ituango in Antioquia Department , Colombia . The primary purpose of the project is hydroelectric power generation and its power plant will have an installed capacity of 2,456 megawatts ( 3,294,000 hp ) when completed . Preliminary construction on the dam began in September 2011 and the power plant was expected to begin operations in late 2018 , but will not after heavy rainfall and landslides in April/May 2018 blocked river 's diversion tunnel , threatening a breach of the dam . When completed , it will be the largest power station in Colombia .
Colombia ( /kəˈlʌmbiə/ ( listen ) kə-LUM-bee-ə , /-ˈlɒm-/ -⁠LOM- ; Spanish : [ koˈlombja ] ( listen ) ) , officially the Republic of Colombia ( Spanish : República de Colombia ( help·info ) ) , [ Note 1 ] is a country largely situated in the north of South America , with land and territories in North America . Colombia is bounded on the north by the Caribbean Sea , the northwest by Panama , the south by both Ecuador and Peru , the east by Venezuela , the southeast by Brazil , and the west by the Pacific . It comprises thirty-two departments , with the capital in Bogotá . Colombia is ethnically and linguistically diverse , with its rich cultural heritage reflecting influences by various Amerindian civilizations , European settlement , forced African labor , and immigration from Europe and the greater Middle East . Urban centres are concentrated in the Andean highlands and the Caribbean coast . Colombia has been inhabited by various American Indian peoples since at least 12,000 BCE , including the Muisca , Quimbaya , and the Tairona . Spaniards arrived in 1499 and by the mid-16th century annexed part of the region , establishing the New Kingdom of Granada , with Santafé de Bogotá as its capital . Independence from Spain was achieved in 1819 , but by 1830 the Gran Colombia Federation was dissolved , with what is now Colombia and Panama emerging as the Republic of New Granada . The new sovereign state experimented with federalism as the Granadine Confederation ( 1858 ) , and then the United States of Colombia ( 1863 ) , before the Republic of Colombia was finally declared in 1886 . Panama seceded in 1903 , leading to Colombia 's present borders . Beginning in the 1960s , the country suffered from an asymmetric low-intensity armed conflict and political violence , both of which escalated in the 1990s . Since 2005 , there has been significant improvement in security , stability , and rule of law .
The Cauca River ( Spanish : Río Cauca ) is a river in Colombia that lies between the Occidental and Central cordilleras . From its headwaters in southwestern Colombia near the city of Popayán , it joins the Magdalena River near Magangué in Bolívar Department , and the combined river eventually flows out into the Caribbean Sea . It has a length of 965 km ( 600 mi ) to its junction with the Magdalena , for a total length of 1,350 km ( 840 mi ) . from origin to seamouth . The river is under the supervision of the Corporación Regional del Cauca and the Corporación Autonoma Regional del Valle del Cauca , and is navigable for 640 km ( 400 mi ) above its junction with the Magdalena .
The Houziyan Dam ( Chinese : 猴子岩水电站 ) is an under construction embankment dam on the Dadu River in Danba County , Sichuan province , China . When completed , the dam will be 223.5 m ( 733 ft ) tall and withhold a reservoir with a normal capacity of 662,000,000 m3 ( 536,692 acre⋅ft ) . It will also support a power station with a 1,700 MW capacity ; containing 4 x 425 MW generators .
The Maerdang Dam is a concrete-face rock-fill dam currently under construction on the Yellow River in Maqên County , Qinghai Province , China . Construction on the dam began in 2011 and its 2,200 MW power station is expected to be operational in 2018 . On 13 November 2013 , the river was successfully diverted around the construction site .
The Yellow River or Huang He ( listen ( help·info ) ) is the second longest river in China , after the Yangtze River , and the sixth longest river system in the world at the estimated length of 5,464 km ( 3,395 mi ) . Originating in the Bayan Har Mountains in Qinghai province of Western China , it flows through nine provinces , and it empties into the Bohai Sea near the city of Dongying in Shandong province . The Yellow River basin has an east-west extent of about 1,900 kilometers ( 1,180 mi ) and a north-south extent of about 1,100 km ( 680 mi ) . Its total drainage area is about 795,000 square kilometers ( 307,000 sq mi ) . Its basin was the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilization , and it was the most prosperous region in early Chinese history . There are frequent devastating floods and course changes produced by the continual elevation of the river bed , sometimes above the level of its surrounding farm fields .
Lakhwar-Vyasi Dam project on Yamuna River , includes under-construction Lakhwar Dam and Power Station , Vyasi Dam , Hathiari Power Station and Katapathar Barrage , near the Lakhwar town in Kalsi block of Dehradun district of Uttarakhand in India , for the purpose of irrigation of 40,000 hectare land and total 927 MW hydroelectric power generation . Lakhwar Dam is a gravity dam near the Lohari village with 300MW power generation capacity . Vyasi Dam will be built 5 km downstream along with 120 MW Hathiari Power Station further 0.5 km downstream . Katapathar Barrage , with the maximum ponding water level at 514.5m elevation , will be built further 2.75 km downstream of the Hathiari Power Station to supply the water to stakeholder states . Project will hold 580 million cubic metres water during monsoon and release into Yamuna during dry months . Construction of Lakhwar dam commenced in early 2018 with the 4 year target completion date of December 2022 . Vyasi dam has already been under construction since 2016 .
The Yamuna ( Hindustani : pronounced [ jəmʊnaː ] ) , also known as the Jumna or Jamna , is the second largest tributary river of the Ganges ( Ganga ) and the longest tributary in India . Originating from the Yamunotri Glacier at a height of 6,387 metres ( 20,955 ft ) on the southwestern slopes of Banderpooch peaks of the Lower Himalaya in Uttarakhand , it travels a total length of 1,376 kilometres ( 855 mi ) and has a drainage system of 366,223 square kilometres ( 141,399 sq mi ) , 40.2% of the entire Ganges Basin . It merges with the Ganges at Triveni Sangam , Prayagraj , which is a site of the Kumbh Mela , a Hindu festival held every 12 years . It crosses several states : Haryana and Uttar Pradesh , passing by Uttarakhand and later Delhi , and meeting its tributaries on the way , including Tons , Chambal , its longest tributary which has its own large basin , followed by Sindh , the Betwa , and Ken . From Uttarakhand , the river flows into the state of Himachal Pradesh . After passing Paonta Sahib , Yamuna flows along the boundary of Haryana and Uttar Pradesh and after exiting Haryana it continues to flow till it merges with the river Ganga ( Ganges ) at Sangam or Prayag in Allahbad ( Uttar Pradesh ) . It helps create the highly fertile alluvial Yamuna-Ganges Doab region between itself and the Ganges in the Indo-Gangetic plain . Nearly 57 million people depend on the Yamuna 's waters . With an annual flow of about 10,000 cubic billion metres ( cbm ; 8.1 billion acre⋅ft ) and usage of 4,400 cbm ( of which irrigation constitutes 96 percent ) , the river accounts for more than 70 percent of Delhi 's water supply . Like the Ganges , the Yamuna is highly venerated in Hinduism and worshipped as the goddess Yamuna . In Hindu mythology she is the daughter of the Sun Deva , Surya , and the sister of Yama , the Deva of Death , hence also known as Yami . According to popular legends , bathing in its sacred waters frees one from the torments of death .
The Huangdeng Dam is a gravity dam recently completed on the Lancang ( Mekong ) River in Lanping Bai and Pumi Autonomous County of Yunnan Province , China . The fact that work on the dam was begun without formal approval from the central government was a subject of some controversy . Construction on the dam began in 2010 and its 1,900 MW hydroelectric power station was initially planned to be operational in 2016 , with the entire project complete in 2018 . The first unit was put into operation in July 2018 and the dam was fully commissioned in January 2019 .
The Mekong , or Mekong River , is a trans-boundary river in Southeast Asia . It is the world 's twelfth longest river and the seventh longest in Asia . Its estimated length is 4,350 km ( 2,703 mi ) , and it drains an area of 795,000 km2 ( 307,000 sq mi ) , discharging 475 km3 ( 114 cu mi ) of water annually . From the Tibetan Plateau the river runs through China , Myanmar , Laos , Thailand , Cambodia , and Vietnam . The extreme seasonal variations in flow and the presence of rapids and waterfalls in the Mekong make navigation difficult . Even so , the river is a major trade route between western China and Southeast Asia .
Khersan-3 dam is an arch dam currently under construction on the Khersan River , a tributary of the Karun River , in Iran . When complete it will have an installed capacity of 400 MW . It is situated near Atashgah in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province and is a complementary dam to Khersan project along with the proposed Khersan-1 and Khersan-2 Dams . Construction began in 2007 and it is expected to become operational in 2015 .
The Khersan River ( Persian خرسان ) is a 180km long tributary of the Karun River in Iran ( the river with the largest flows in Iran ) , flowing into an arm of the reservoir formed by the Karun-3 Dam . The Khersan-3 Dam is under construction , proposed to be the most upstream of a cascade of three dams . The region is mountainous , part of the Zagros Mountains . The river lies partly in Lordegan County ( Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province ) , Semirom County ( Isfahan Province ) , Boyer-Ahmad County and Dana County ( Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province ) . As the site of a major dam , the area is a common research area , for example in terms of geology , archaeological value , and management conditions under climate change
The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam ( GERD or TaIHiGe ; Amharic : ታላቁ የኢትዮጵያ ሕዳሴ ግድብ , romanized : Tālāqu ye-Ītyōppyā Hidāsē Gidib ) , formerly known as the Millennium Dam and sometimes referred to as Hidase Dam ( Amharic : ሕዳሴ ግድብ , romanized : Hidāsē Gidib ) , is a gravity dam on the Blue Nile River in Ethiopia that has been under construction since 2011 . It is in the Benishangul-Gumuz Region of Ethiopia , about 15 km ( 9 mi ) east of the border with Sudan . At 6.45 gigawatts , the dam will be the largest hydroelectric power plant in Africa when completed , as well as the seventh largest in the world . As of October 2019 [ update ] , the work stood at approximately 70% completion . Once completed , the reservoir could take anywhere between 5 and 15 years to fill with water , depending on hydrologic conditions during the filling period and agreements reached between Ethiopia , Sudan , and Egypt .
Ethiopia ( /ˌiːθiˈoʊpiə/ ; Amharic : ኢትዮጵያ , ʾĪtyōṗṗyā , listen ( help·info ) , Tigrinya : ኢትዮጵያ , Oromo : Itiyoophiyaa , Somali : Itoobiya , Afar : Itiyoophiyaa ) , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia , is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa . It shares borders with Eritrea to the north , Djibouti to the northeast , Somalia , and the de facto state of Somaliland to the east , Kenya to the south , South Sudan to the west and Sudan to the northwest . With over 109 million inhabitants , Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world and the second-most populous nation on the African continent with a total area of 1,100,000 square kilometres ( 420,000 sq mi ) . Its capital and largest city is Addis Ababa , which lies a few miles west of the East African Rift that splits the country into the Nubian and Somali tectonic plates . Some of the oldest skeletal evidence for anatomically modern humans has been found in Ethiopia . It is widely considered as the region from which modern humans first set out for the Middle East and places beyond . According to linguists , the first Afroasiatic-speaking populations settled in the Horn region during the ensuing Neolithic era . Tracing its roots to the 2nd millennium BCE , Ethiopia 's governmental system was a monarchy for most of its history . Oral literature tells that the monarchy was founded by the Solomonic dynasty of the Queen of Sheba , under its first king , Menelik I . In the first centuries , the Kingdom of Aksum maintained a unified civilization in the region , followed by the Ethiopian Empire circa 1137 . During the late 19th-century Scramble for Africa , Ethiopia and Liberia were two nations that preserved their sovereignty from long-term colonisation by a European colonial power and many newly-independent nations on the continent subsequently adopted its flag colours . However , the country was later occupied by Italy in 1936 and became Italian Ethiopia ( part of Italian East Africa ) until it was liberated during World War II .
The Blue Nile ( Ge'ez : ጥቁር ዓባይ Ṭiqūr ʿĀbbāy ( Black Abay ) to Ethiopians ; Arabic : النيل الأزرق ; transliterated : an-Nīl al-Azraq ) is a river originating at Lake Tana in Ethiopia . With the White Nile , it is one of the two major tributaries of the Nile . The Blue Nile supplies about 80% of the water in the Nile during the rainy season .
The Sykia Dam is a mostly constructed but unused earth-filled embankment dam on the Acheloos River along the border of Karditsa and Arta , Greece . The 170 m ( 560 ft ) tall dam is part of the Acheloos River Diversion which is intended to divert a portion of the Acheloos west to irrigate 240,000-380,000 ha ( 590,000-940,000 acres ) in the Thessaly plains . The project includes the Sykia , Messochora , Mouzaki and Pyli Dams along with a 17.4 km ( 10.8 mi ) long channel . The idea for the Sykia Dam and overall diversion project was first envisioned in the 1930s but a lack of funding precluded construction . Interest in the project was revived in 1984 and construction on the dam began in 1996 . Over the next several years there was a series of legal battles that led to final construction stalling , most recently in 2005 . Opponents of the scheme cite significant changes to the environment , flooding of villages and that the scheme will divert 600,000,000 m3 ( 490,000 acre⋅ft ) of water annually from the Acheloss . Supporters call on the benefit to the lucrative cotton crops it will help irrigate and the dam 's planned 120 MW hydroelectric power plant .
Greece ( Greek : Ελλάδα ) , officially the Hellenic Republic ( Greek : Ελληνική Δημοκρατία ) , historically also known as Hellas , is a country located in Southeast Europe . Its population is approximately 10.7 million as of 2018 ; Athens , the nation 's capital , is its largest city , followed by Thessaloniki . Situated on the southern tip of the Balkan Peninsula , Greece is located at the crossroads of Europe , Asia , and Africa . It shares land borders with Albania to the northwest , North Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north , and Turkey to the northeast . The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland , the Ionian Sea to the west , the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea to the south . Greece has the longest coastline on the Mediterranean Basin and the 11th longest coastline in the world at 13,676 km ( 8,498 mi ) in length , featuring many islands , of which 227 are inhabited . Eighty percent of Greece is mountainous , with Mount Olympus being the highest peak at 2,918 metres ( 9,573 ft ) . The country consists of nine traditional geographic regions : Macedonia , Central Greece , the Peloponnese , Thessaly , Epirus , the Aegean Islands ( including the Dodecanese and Cyclades ) , Thrace , Crete , and the Ionian Islands . Greece is considered the cradle of Western civilisation , being the birthplace of democracy , Western philosophy , Western literature , historiography , political science , major scientific and mathematical principles , Western drama and the Olympic Games . From the eighth century B.C. , the Greeks were organised into various independent city-states , known as poleis ( singular polis ) , which spanned the entire Mediterranean region and the Black Sea . Philip of Macedon united most of the Greek mainland in the fourth century BC , with his son Alexander the Great rapidly conquering much of the ancient world , from the eastern Mediterranean to India . Greece was annexed by Rome in the second century B.C. , becoming an integral part of the Roman Empire and its successor , the Byzantine Empire , which adopted the Greek language and culture .
The Achelous ( Greek : Αχελώος , Ancient Greek : Ἀχελῷος Akhelôios ) , also Acheloos , is a river in western Greece . It is 220 km ( 137 mi ) long . It formed the boundary between Acarnania and Aetolia of antiquity . It empties into the Ionian Sea . In ancient times its spirit was venerated as the river god Achelous . Herodotus , taking notice of the shoreline-transforming power of the Acheloos River , even compared it to the Nile in this respect :