List of statues of Queen Victoria
United Kingdom -- Scotland
Table:
Image

Location

Date

Sculptor

Aberdeen[4]

Queen's Cross

1893

Charles Bell Birch

Aberdeen

Aberdeen's Town House. Originally on the corner of St. Nicholas and Union Streets

1866

Alexander Brodie

Balmoral

Balmoral Estate

1887

Dundee

Albert Square

1899

Harry Bates

Edinburgh[5]

Royal Scottish Academy

1844

Sir John Steell

Leith[6]

Foot of Leith Walk

1907

John Stephenson Rhind

Glasgow[7]

Glasgow Royal Infirmary

1897–1914

Albert Hodge

Glasgow

George Square

1854

Baron Marochetti

Glasgow

Doulton Fountain, Glasgow Green

1890

Paisley

Dunn Square

1901

Francis John Williamson

Drawing on the accompanying table and the supporting text listed below.

Provide an answer to this question: What was discovered in the 1970s in the city holding the statue of Queen Victoria sculpted by Charles Bell Birch in 1893 ? Respond with the correct answer (omit explanations) in JSON format as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Avoid adding external knowledge.

Aberdeen ( /ˌæbərˈdiːn/ ( listen ) ; Scots : Aiberdeen , listen ( help·info ) ; Scottish Gaelic : Obar Dheathain [ opəɾ ˈɛ.ɛɲ ] ; Latin : Aberdonia ) is a city in northeast Scotland . It is Scotland 's third most populous city , one of Scotland 's 32 local government council areas and the United Kingdom 's 39th most populous built-up area , with an official population estimate of 196,670 for the city of Aberdeen and 227,560 for the local council area . During the mid-18th to mid-20th centuries , Aberdeen 's buildings incorporated locally quarried grey granite , which can sparkle like silver because of its high mica content . Since the discovery of North Sea oil in the 1970s , Aberdeen has been known as the off-shore oil capital of Europe . The area around Aberdeen has been settled for at least 8,000 years , when prehistoric villages lay around the mouths of the rivers Dee and Don . The city has a long , sandy coastline and a marine climate , the latter resulting in chilly summers and mild winters . Aberdeen received Royal burgh status from David I of Scotland ( 1124-1153 ) , transforming the city economically . The city has two universities , the University of Aberdeen , founded in 1495 , and Robert Gordon University , which was awarded university status in 1992 , making Aberdeen the educational centre of north-east Scotland . The traditional industries of fishing , paper-making , shipbuilding , and textiles have been overtaken by the oil industry and Aberdeen 's seaport . Aberdeen Heliport is one of the busiest commercial heliports in the world and the seaport is the largest in the north-east of Scotland . Aberdeen used to host the Aberdeen International Youth Festival , a major international event which attracted up to 1000 of the most talented young performing arts companies but the council ended funding in 2017 and the festival was wound up in 2018 . In 2015 , Mercer named Aberdeen the 57th most liveable city in the world , as well as the fourth most liveable city in Britain .
Charles Bell Birch ARA ( September 28 , 1832 - October 16 , 1893 ) was a British sculptor .
Balmoral Castle ( /bælˈmɒrəl/ ) is a large estate house in Royal Deeside , Aberdeenshire , Scotland , owned by Queen Elizabeth II . It is near the village of Crathie , 6.2 miles ( 10 km ) west of Ballater and 6.8 miles ( 11 km ) east of Braemar . Balmoral has been one of the residences of the British royal family since 1852 , when the estate and its original castle were bought by Prince Albert , the husband of Queen Victoria . Soon after the estate was purchased by the royal family , the existing house was found to be too small and the current Balmoral Castle was commissioned . The architect was William Smith of Aberdeen , although his designs were amended by Prince Albert . Balmoral remains private property of the Queen and is not part of the Crown Estate . The castle is an example of Scottish baronial architecture , and is classified by Historic Environment Scotland as a category A listed building . The new castle was completed in 1856 and the old castle demolished shortly thereafter . The Balmoral Estate has been added to by successive members of the royal family , and now covers an area of approximately 50,000 acres ( 20,000 ha ) . It is a working estate , including grouse moors , forestry , and farmland , as well as managed herds of deer , Highland cattle , and ponies .
Dundee ( /dʌnˈdiː/ ( listen ) ; Scottish Gaelic : Dùn Dè or Dùn Dèagh [ ˈt̪uːn tʲeː ] ) is Scotland 's fourth-largest city and the 51st-most-populous built-up area in the United Kingdom . The mid-year population estimate for 2018 was 148,750 , giving Dundee a population density of 2,478/km2 or 6,420/sq mi , the second-highest in Scotland . It lies within the eastern central Lowlands on the north bank of the Firth of Tay , which feeds into the North Sea . Under the name of Dundee City ( officially the City of Dundee ) , it forms one of the 32 council areas used for local government in Scotland . Historically part of Angus , the city developed into a burgh in the late 12th century and established itself as an important east coast trading port . Rapid expansion was brought on by the Industrial Revolution , particularly in the 19th century when Dundee was the centre of the global jute industry . This , along with its other major industries gave Dundee its epithet as the city of jute , jam and journalism . Today , Dundee is promoted as One City , Many Discoveries in honour of Dundee 's history of scientific activities and of the RRS Discovery , Robert Falcon Scott 's Antarctic exploration vessel , which was built in Dundee and is now berthed at Discovery Point . Biomedical and technological industries have arrived since the 1980s , and the city now accounts for 10% of the United Kingdom 's digital entertainment industry , including mobile app development and gaming . Dundee has two universities - the University of Dundee and the Abertay University . In 2014 Dundee was recognised by the United Nations as the UK 's first UNESCO City of Design for its diverse contributions to fields including medical research , comics and video games . A unique feature of Dundee is that its two professional football clubs , Dundee F.C .
Harry Bates ARA ( 26 April 1850 - 30 January 1899 ) was a British sculptor . He was elected to the Royal Academy in 1892 as A.R.A . and was an active , if intermittent , member of the Art Workers Guild . He was a central figure in the British movement known as New Sculpture .
Edinburgh ( /ˈɛdɪnbərə/ ( listen ) ; Scots : Edinburgh ; Scottish Gaelic : Dùn Èideann [ ˈt̪uːn ˈeːtʲən̪ˠ ] ) is the capital of Scotland and one of its 32 council areas . Historically part of the county of Midlothian ( interchangeably Edinburghshire before 1921 ) , it is located in Lothian on the Firth of Forth 's southern shore . Recognised as the capital of Scotland since at least the 15th century , Edinburgh is the seat of the Scottish Government , the Scottish Parliament and the supreme courts of Scotland . The city 's Palace of Holyroodhouse is the official residence of the monarch in Scotland . The city has long been a centre of education , particularly in the fields of medicine , Scots law , literature , philosophy , the sciences and engineering . It is the second largest financial centre in the United Kingdom ( after London ) and the city 's historical and cultural attractions have made it the United Kingdom 's second most popular tourist destination attracting 1.75 million visits from overseas in 2016 . Edinburgh is Scotland 's second most populous city and the seventh most populous in the United Kingdom . The official population estimates are 488,050 ( 2016 ) for the Locality of Edinburgh ( Edinburgh pre 1975 regionalisation plus Currie and Balerno ) , 518,500 ( 2018 ) for the City of Edinburgh , and 1,339,380 ( 2014 ) for the city region . Edinburgh lies at the heart of the Edinburgh and South East Scotland city region comprising East Lothian , Edinburgh , Fife , Midlothian , Scottish Borders and West Lothian . The city is the annual venue of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland . It is home to national institutions such as the National Museum of Scotland , the National Library of Scotland and the Scottish National Gallery . The University of Edinburgh , founded in 1582 and now one of four in the city , is placed 20th in the QS World University Rankings for 2020 .
The Royal Scottish Academy ( RSA ) is the countrys national academy of art . It promotes contemporary Scottish art . Founded in 1819 as the Royal Institution for the Encouragement of the Fine Arts in Scotland , in 1826 it was named the Scottish Academy , and it became the Royal Scottish Academy on being granted a royal charter in 1838 . The RSA maintains a unique position in the country as an independently funded institution led by eminent artists and architects to promote and support the creation , understanding , and enjoyment of visual arts through exhibitions and related educational events .
Sir John Robert Steell RSA ( Aberdeen 18 September 1804 - 15 September 1891 ) was a Scottish sculptor . He is best known for a number of sculptures displayed in Edinburgh , including the statue of Sir Walter Scott at the base of the Scott Monument .
Leith ( /liːθ/ ; Scottish Gaelic : Lìte ) is a port to the north of the city of Edinburgh , Scotland , at the mouth of the Water of Leith . The earliest surviving historical references are in the royal charter authorising the construction of Holyrood Abbey in 1128 . The medieval settlements of Leith had grown into a burgh by 1833 , and the burgh was merged into Edinburgh in 1920 . Historically part of the county of Midlothian , Leith is sited on the coast of the Firth of Forth and lies within the council area of the City of Edinburgh . The port remains one of its most valuable enterprises , handling over 1.5 million tonnes of cargo in 2003 .
Glasgow ( /ˈɡlæzɡoʊ/ , also UK : /ˈɡlɑːzɡoʊ , ˈɡlɑːsɡoʊ/ , US : /ˈɡlæsɡoʊ , ˈɡlæskoʊ/ ; Scots : Glesga [ ˈɡlezɡə ] ; Scottish Gaelic : Glaschu [ ˈkl̪ˠas̪əxu ] ) is the most populous city in Scotland , and the third most populous city in the United Kingdom , as of the 2017 estimated city population of 621,020 . Historically part of Lanarkshire , the city now forms the Glasgow City council area , one of the 32 council areas of Scotland ; the local authority is Glasgow City Council . Glasgow is situated on the River Clyde in the country 's West Central Lowlands . It is the fifth most visited city in the UK . Inhabitants of the city are referred to as Glaswegians or , informally , as Weegies . Glasgow is also known for the Glasgow patter , a distinct dialect of the Scots language that is noted for being difficult to understand by those from outside the city . Glasgow grew from a small rural settlement on the River Clyde to become the largest seaport in Scotland , and tenth largest by tonnage in Britain . Expanding from the medieval bishopric and royal burgh , and the later establishment of the University of Glasgow in the fifteenth century , it became a major centre of the Scottish Enlightenment in the eighteenth century . From the eighteenth century onwards , the city also grew as one of Great Britain 's main hubs of transatlantic trade with North America and the West Indies . With the onset of the Industrial Revolution , the population and economy of Glasgow and the surrounding region expanded rapidly to become one of the world 's pre-eminent centres of chemicals , textiles and engineering ; most notably in the shipbuilding and marine engineering industry , which produced many innovative and famous vessels . Glasgow was the Second City of the British Empire for much of the Victorian era and Edwardian period , although many cities argue the title was theirs . In the late 19th and early 20th centuries , Glasgow 's population grew rapidly , reaching a peak of 1,127,825 people in 1938 .
The Glasgow Royal Infirmary ( GRI ) is a large teaching hospital . With a capacity of around 1,000 beds , the hospital campus covers an area of around 8 hectares ( 20 acres ) , situated on the north-eastern edge of the city centre of Glasgow , Scotland . It is managed by NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde .
Albert Hemstock Hodge ( 17 July 1875 - 31 December 1917 or 27 January 1918 ) was a Scottish born ( Port Ellen , on the island of Islay ) British sculptor . He studied at the Glasgow School of Art under William Kellock Brown . Initially he worked as an architect with William Leiper , but his ability as a modeller led him to continue his career as a sculptor . His works include a statue ( in Glasgow ) of Queen Victoria and a statue ( in Stirling ) of Robert Burns . In 1901 he moved to London , where he died in 1917 or 1918 .
Baron Pietro Carlo Giovanni Battista Marochetti RA ( 4 January 1805 - 29 December 1867 ) was an Italian-born French sculptor belonging to the Sardinian nobility . He worked in France and London and his commissions for Colonial powers , mostly neo-classical sculpture , reliefs , and equestrian monuments in bronze and marble are found around the world . He also made some coloured marble statues .
Paisley ( /ˈpeɪzli/ PAYZ-lee ; Scots : Paisley , Scottish Gaelic : Pàislig [ ˈpʰaːʃlɪkʲ ] ) is a town situated in the west central Lowlands of Scotland . Located north of the Gleniffer Braes , the town borders the city of Glasgow to the east , and straddles the banks of the White Cart Water , a tributary of the River Clyde . It serves as the administrative centre for the Renfrewshire council area , and is the largest town in the historic county of the same name . Paisley is often cited as Scotland 's largest town and is the fifth largest settlement in the country , although it does not have city status . The town became prominent in the 12th century , with the establishment of Paisley Abbey , an important religious hub which formerly had control over other local churches . By the 19th century , Paisley was a centre of the weaving industry , giving its name to the Paisley shawl and the Paisley Pattern . The town 's associations with political Radicalism were highlighted by its involvement in the Radical War of 1820 , with striking weavers being instrumental in the protests . By 1993 , all of Paisley 's mills had closed , although they are memorialised in the town 's museums and civic history .
Francis John Williamson ( 17 July 1833 - 12 March 1920 ) was a British portrait sculptor , reputed to have been Queen Victoria 's favourite .