Nautilus
Taxonomy -- Dubious or uncertain taxa
Table:
Binomial name and author citation
Current systematic status
Type locality
Type repository

N. alumnus Iredale, 1944
Species dubium [fide Saunders (1987:49)]
Queensland, Australia
Not designated [fide Saunders (1987:49)]

N. ambiguus Sowerby, 1848
Species dubium [fide Saunders (1987:48)]
Not designated
Unresolved

N. beccarii Linné, 1758
Non-cephalopod; Foraminifera [fide Frizzell and Keen (1949:106)]

N. calcar Linné, 1758
?Non-cephalopod; Foraminifera Lenticulina
Adriatic Sea
Unresolved; Linnean Society of London?

N. crispus Linné, 1758
Undetermined
Mediterranean Sea
Unresolved; Linnean Society of London?

N. crista Linné, 1758
Non-cephalopod; Turbo [fide Dodge (1953:14)]

N. fascia Linné, 1758
Undetermined
Adriatic Sea
Unresolved; Linnean Society of London?

N. granum Linné, 1758
Undetermined
Mediterranean Sea
Unresolved; Linnean Society of London?

N. lacustris Lightfoot, 1786
Non-cephalopod; Helix [fide Dillwyn (1817:339)]

N. legumen Linné, 1758
Undetermined
Adriatic Sea
Unresolved; Linnean Society of London?

N. micrombilicatus Joubin, 1888
Nomen nudum

N. obliquus Linné, 1758
Undetermined
Adriatic Sea
Unresolved; Linnean Society of London?

N. pompilius marginalis Willey, 1896
Species dubium [fide Saunders (1987:50)]
New Guinea
Unresolved

N. pompilius moretoni Willey, 1896
Species dubium [fide Saunders (1987:49)]
New Guinea
Unresolved

N. pompilius perforatus Willey, 1896
Species dubium [fide Saunders (1987:49)]
New Guinea
Unresolved

N. radicula Linné, 1758
?Non-cephalopod; F. Nodosaria
Adriatic Sea
Unresolved; Linnean Society of London?

N. raphanistrum Linné, 1758
Undetermined
Mediterranean Sea
Unresolved; Linnean Society of London?

N. raphanus Linné, 1758
Undetermined
Adriatic Sea
Unresolved; Linnean Society of London?

N. semi-lituus Linné, 1758
Undetermined
Liburni, Adriatic Sea
Unresolved; Linnean Society of London?

N. sipunculus Linné, 1758
Undetermined
"freto Siculo"
Unresolved; Linnean Society of London?

Taking into account the provided table and the textual context listed.

State the answer to the question: What is the type repository whose type locality had a population of 5,000,000 as of 15 May 2018 ? Respond with the correct answer (omit explanations) in JSON format as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Base your answer solely on the given information.

Tom Iredale ( 24 March 1880 - 12 April 1972 ) was an English-born ornithologist and malacologist who had a long association with Australia , where he lived for most of his life . He was an autodidact who never went to university and lacked formal training . This was reflected in his later work ; he never revised his manuscripts and never used a typewriter .
In zoological nomenclature , a nomen dubium ( Latin for doubtful name , plural nomina dubia ) is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application .
Queensland ( locally /ˈkwiːnzlænd/ KWEENZ-land , [ note 1 ] abbreviated as Qld ) is the second-largest and third-most populous state in the Commonwealth of Australia . Situated in the north-east of the country , it is bordered by the Northern Territory , South Australia and New South Wales to the west , south-west and south respectively . To the east , Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean . To its north is the Torres Strait , with Papua New Guinea located less than 200 km across it from the mainland . The state is the world 's sixth-largest sub-national entity , with an area of 1,852,642 square kilometres ( 715,309 sq mi ) . As of 15 May 2018 , Queensland had a population of 5,000,000 , concentrated along the coast and particularly in the state 's South East . The capital and largest city in the state is Brisbane , Australia 's third-largest city . Often referred to as the Sunshine State , Queensland is home to 10 of Australia 's 30 largest cities and is the nation 's third-largest economy . Tourism in the state , fuelled largely by its warm climate , is a major industry . Queensland was first inhabited by Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders . The first European to land in Queensland ( and Australia ) was Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon in 1606 , who explored the west coast of the Cape York Peninsula near present-day Weipa . In 1770 , Lieutenant James Cook claimed the east coast of Australia for the Kingdom of Great Britain .
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia , is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent , the island of Tasmania , and numerous smaller islands . It is the largest country in Oceania and the world 's sixth-largest country by total area . The population of 26 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard . Australia 's capital is Canberra , and its largest city is Sydney . The country 's other major metropolitan areas are Melbourne , Brisbane , Perth , and Adelaide . Indigenous Australians inhabited the continent for about 65,000 years prior to the first arrival of Dutch explorers in the early 17th century , who named it New Holland . In 1770 , Australia 's eastern half was claimed by Great Britain and initially settled through penal transportation to the colony of New South Wales from 26 January 1788 , a date which became Australia 's national day . The population grew steadily in subsequent decades , and by the time of an 1850s gold rush , most of the continent had been explored and an additional five self-governing crown colonies established . On 1 January 1901 , the six colonies federated , forming the Commonwealth of Australia . Australia has since maintained a stable liberal democratic political system that functions as a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy , comprising six states and ten territories . Australia is the oldest , flattest , and driest inhabited continent , with the least fertile soils . It has a landmass of 7,617,930 square kilometres ( 2,941,300 sq mi ) .
Carl Linnaeus ( /lɪˈniːəs , lɪˈneɪəs/ ; 23 May [ note 1 ] 1707 - 10 January 1778 ) , also known after his ennoblement as Carl von Linné ( Swedish pronunciation : [ ˈkɑːɭ fɔn lɪˈneː ] ( listen ) ) , was a Swedish botanist , zoologist , and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature , the modern system of naming organisms . He is known as the father of modern taxonomy . Many of his writings were in Latin , and his name is rendered in Latin as Carolus Linnæus ( after 1761 Carolus a Linné ) . Linnaeus was born in the countryside of Småland in southern Sweden . He received most of his higher education at Uppsala University and began giving lectures in botany there in 1730 . He lived abroad between 1735 and 1738 , where he studied and also published the first edition of his Systema Naturae in the Netherlands . He then returned to Sweden where he became professor of medicine and botany at Uppsala . In the 1740s , he was sent on several journeys through Sweden to find and classify plants and animals . In the 1750s and 1760s , he continued to collect and classify animals , plants , and minerals , while publishing several volumes . He was one of the most acclaimed scientists in Europe at the time of his death . Philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau sent him the message : Tell him I know no greater man on earth . Johann Wolfgang von Goethe wrote : With the exception of Shakespeare and Spinoza , I know no one among the no longer living who has influenced me more strongly .
Foraminifera ( /fəˌræməˈnɪfərə/ ; Latin for hole bearers ; informally called forams ) are members of a phylum or class of amoeboid protists characterized by streaming granular ectoplasm for catching food and other uses ; and commonly an external shell ( called a test ) of diverse forms and materials . Tests of chitin ( found in some simple genera , and Textularia in particular ) are believed to be the most primitive type . Most foraminifera are marine , the majority of which live on or within the seafloor sediment ( i.e. , are benthic ) , while a smaller variety float in the water column at various depths ( i.e. , are planktonic ) . Fewer are known from freshwater or brackish conditions , and some very few ( nonaquatic ) soil species have been identified through molecular analysis of small subunit ribosomal DNA . Foraminifera typically produce a test , or shell , which can have either one or multiple chambers , some becoming quite elaborate in structure . These shells are commonly made of calcium carbonate ( CaCO3 ) or agglutinated sediment particles . Over 50,000 species are recognized , both living ( 10,000 ) and fossil ( 40,000 ) . They are usually less than 1 mm in size , but some are much larger , the largest species reaching up to 20 cm . In modern Scientific English , the term foraminifera is both singular and plural ( irrespective of the word 's Latin derivation ) , and is used to describe one or more specimens or taxa : its usage as singular or plural must be determined from context . Foraminifera is frequently used informally to describe the group , and in these cases is generally lowercase .
The Adriatic Sea /ˌeɪdriˈætɪk/ is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan peninsula . The Adriatic is the northernmost arm of the Mediterranean Sea , extending from the Strait of Otranto ( where it connects to the Ionian Sea ) to the northwest and the Po Valley . The countries with coasts on the Adriatic are Albania , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Croatia , Italy , Montenegro and Slovenia . The Adriatic contains over 1,300 islands , mostly located along the Croatian part of its eastern coast . It is divided into three basins , the northern being the shallowest and the southern being the deepest , with a maximum depth of 1,233 metres ( 4,045 ft ) . The Otranto Sill , an underwater ridge , is located at the border between the Adriatic and Ionian Seas . The prevailing currents flow counterclockwise from the Strait of Otranto , along the eastern coast and back to the strait along the western ( Italian ) coast . Tidal movements in the Adriatic are slight , although larger amplitudes are known to occur occasionally . The Adriatic 's salinity is lower than the Mediterranean 's because the Adriatic collects a third of the fresh water flowing into the Mediterranean , acting as a dilution basin . The surface water temperatures generally range from 30 °C ( 86 °F ) in summer to 12 °C ( 54 °F ) in winter , significantly moderating the Adriatic Basin 's climate . The Adriatic Sea sits on the Apulian or Adriatic Microplate , which separated from the African Plate in the Mesozoic era . The plate 's movement contributed to the formation of the surrounding mountain chains and Apennine tectonic uplift after its collision with the Eurasian plate .
The Linnean Society of London is a learned society dedicated to the study and dissemination of information concerning natural history , evolution , and taxonomy . It possesses several important biological specimen , manuscript and literature collections and publishes academic journals and books on plant and animal biology . The society also awards a number of prestigious medals and prizes . A product of the 18th-century enlightenment , the Society is the oldest extant biological society in the world , and is historically important as the venue for the first public presentation of the theory of evolution on 1 July , 1858 . The patron of the society is Queen Elizabeth II . Honorary members include Emeritus Emperor Akihito of Japan , King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden ( both of whom have active interests in natural history ) , and the eminent naturalist and broadcaster Sir David Attenborough .
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean , surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land : on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia , on the south by North Africa and on the east by the Levant . Although the sea is sometimes considered a part of the Atlantic Ocean , it is usually referred to as a separate body of water . Geological evidence indicates that around 5.9 million years ago , the Mediterranean was cut off from the Atlantic and was partly or completely desiccated over a period of some 600,000 years ( the Messinian salinity crisis ) before being refilled by the Zanclean flood about 5.3 million years ago . It covers an area of about 2,500,000 km2 ( 970,000 sq mi ) , representing 0.7% of the global ocean surface , but its connection to the Atlantic via the Strait of Gibraltar - the narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates Spain in Europe from Morocco in Africa - is only 14 km ( 9 mi ) wide . In oceanography , it is sometimes called the Eurafrican Mediterranean Sea or the European Mediterranean Sea to distinguish it from mediterranean seas elsewhere . The Mediterranean Sea has an average depth of 1,500 m ( 4,900 ft ) and the deepest recorded point is 5,267 m ( 17,280 ft ) in the Calypso Deep in the Ionian Sea . It lies between latitudes 30° and 46° N and longitudes 6° W and 36° E. Its west-east length , from the Strait of Gibraltar to the Gulf of Iskenderun , on the southeastern coast of Turkey , is about 4,000 kilometres ( 2,500 mi ) . The sea was an important route for merchants and travellers of ancient times , facilitating trade and cultural exchange between peoples of the region . The history of the Mediterranean region is crucial to understanding the origins and development of many modern societies . The countries surrounding the Mediterranean in clockwise order are Spain , France , Monaco , Italy , Slovenia , Croatia , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Montenegro , Albania , Greece , Turkey , Syria , Lebanon , Israel , Egypt , Libya , Tunisia , Algeria , and Morocco ; Malta and Cyprus are island countries in the sea . In addition , the Gaza Strip and the British Overseas Territories of Gibraltar and Akrotiri and Dhekelia have coastlines on the sea .
Turbo is a genus of large sea snails with gills and an operculum , marine gastropod molluscs in the family Turbinidae , the turban snails . Turbo is the type genus of the family .
The Reverend John Lightfoot ( 9 December 1735 - 20 February 1788 ) was an English parson-naturalist , spending much of his free time as a conchologist and botanist . He was a systematic and effective curator of the private museum of Margaret Bentinck , Duchess of Portland . He is best known for his Flora Scotica which pioneered the scientific study of the plants and fungi of Scotland . He elected a Fellow of the Royal Society for his scientific work .
Helix is a genus of large , air-breathing land snails native to Europe and the Mediterranean region . They are the type genus of the family Helicidae and among the first animal genera described by Carl Linnaeus . Members of the genus first appeared during the Oligocene . Like most land snails , Helix species are hermaphroditic , and like other helicids a courting pair will impale each other with hormone-rich love darts prior to exchanging sperm . Well-known species include Helix pomatia ( Roman snail , Burgundy snail , or edible snail ) and Helix lucorum ( Turkish snail ) . Cornu aspersum ( garden snail ) - another well-known helicid - was originally described as a member of Helix ( as Helix aspersa ) , but the prevailing classification places it in the sister genus Cornu . Helix snails have been harvested for human consumption since prehistoric times . In the common era , members of the genus ( particularly H. pomatia ) are farmed throughout the world for the dish escargot , an hors d'oeuvre . The establishment of snail farms outside of Europe has introduced several species to North America , South America , and Africa , where some escapees have established themselves as invasive species .
Lewis Weston Dillwyn , FRS ( 21 August 1778 - 31 August 1855 ) was a British porcelain manufacturer , naturalist and Whig Member of Parliament ( MP ) .
Louis Marie Adolphe Olivier Édouard Joubin ( 27 February 1861 in Épinal - 24 April 1935 in Paris ) was a professor at the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris . He published works on nemerteans , chaetognatha , cephalopods , and other molluscs . He served as an assistant to Henri de Lacaze-Duthiers , subsequently becoming director of the laboratories at Banyuls-sur-Mer ( 1882 ) and Roscoff ( 1884 ) . Later on , he became an instructor at the University of Rennes , and in 1903 succeeded Edmond Perrier as chaire des mollusques , des vers et des zoophytes at the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle ( from 1917 onward his title was chaire des mollusques ) . In 1906 he was chosen by Albert I , Prince of Monaco to be in charge of instruction at the Institut océanographique . In 1905 he was named president of the Société zoologique de France . In 1920 he became a member of the Académie des Sciences . Joubin 's squid ( Joubiniteuthis portieri ) is named for him , as is Scolymastra joubini , a hexactinellid sponge whose lifespan is purportedly 10,000 years .
In taxonomy ( especially in zoological and botanical nomenclature ) , a nomen nudum ( naked name ; plural nomina nuda ) is a designation which looks exactly like a scientific name of an organism , and may have originally been intended to be a scientific name , but fails to be one because it has not ( or has not yet ) been published with an adequate description ( or a reference to such a description ) . This makes it a bare or naked name , one which can not be accepted as it stands . A largely equivalent but much less frequently used term is nomen tantum ( name only ) .
New Guinea ( Tok Pisin : Niugini ; Hiri Motu : Niu Gini ; Indonesian : Papua , historically , Irian ) is a large island separated by the shallow Torres Strait from the rest of the Australian continent . It is the world 's second-largest island , after Greenland , covering a land area of 785,753 km2 ( 303,381 sq mi ) , and the largest island wholly or partly within the Southern Hemisphere and Oceania . The eastern half of the island is the major land mass of the independent state of Papua New Guinea . The western half , known as Western New Guinea or West Papua , forms a part of Indonesia and comprises the provinces of Papua and West Papua .
The Liburnians ( or Liburni ) ( Ancient Greek : Λιβυρνοὶ ) were an ancient tribe inhabiting the district called Liburnia , a coastal region of the northeastern Adriatic between the rivers Arsia ( Raša ) and Titius ( Krka ) in what is now Croatia . According to legend they populated Kerkyra until shortly after the Corinthians settled the island , c. 730 BC .