List of herbaria in Europe
Southern Europe -- Spain and Portugal
Table:
Herbaria in Spain and Portugal

Name

No. Specimens[1]

Abbr.

Country

City

Website

Real Jardín Botánico

850,000

MA

Spain

Madrid

[48]

University of Coimbra

800,000

COI

Portugal

Coimbra

[49]

Institut Botànic de Barcelona

700,000

BC

Spain

Barcelona

Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical

300,000

LISC

Portugal

Lisbon

Universitat de Barcelona

300,000

BCN

Spain

Barcelona

Universitat de Sevilla

300,000

SEV

Spain

Seville

Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, C.S.I.C.

260,000

JACA

Spain

Jaca

Museu Nacional de História Natural, Lisboa

250,000

LISU

Portugal

Lisbon

Universidad Complutense

175,000

MAF

Spain

Madrid

Universitat de València

160,000

VAL

Spain

Valencia

[50]

Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Alava

140,000

VIT

Spain

Vitoria-Gasteiz

Universidad de Salamanca

110,000

SALA

Spain

Salamanca

Estação Agronómica Nacional

90,000

LISE

Portugal

Oeiras

Universidad de La Laguna

83,000

TFC

Spain

La Laguna, Canary Islands

Universidad de Córdoba

80,000

COA

Spain

Córdoba

[51]

Universidad de León

78,000

LEB

Spain

León

Alto de Zorroaga s.n.

75,000

ARAN

Spain

Donostia-San Sebastián

Universidade do Porto

73,800

PO

Portugal

Porto

Universidad de Santiago de Compostela

71,000

SANT

Spain

Santiago de Compostela, Galicia

[52]

Universidad de Murcia

61,000

MUB

Spain

Murcia

Using the accompanying table and the context snippets listed.

Give the answer to the question: What is the population in millions within the city limits of the city where a herbarium is at what is considered to be the best university in Spain ? Output only the correct answer as {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Do not introduce information beyond the provided sources.

Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid ( Spanish for Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid ) is an 8 hectares ( 20 acres ) botanical garden in Madrid ( Spain ) . The public entrance is located at Plaza de Murillo , next to the Prado Museum .
Madrid ( /məˈdrɪd/ , Spanish : [ maˈðɾið ] ) [ n. 1 ] is the capital and most populous city of Spain . The city has almost 3.3 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.5 million . It is the second-largest city in the European Union ( EU ) , surpassed only by Berlin , and its monocentric metropolitan area is the second-largest in the EU , smaller only than Paris . The municipality covers 604.3 km2 ( 233.3 sq mi ) . Madrid lies on the River Manzanares in the centre of both the country and the Community of Madrid ( which comprises the city of Madrid , its conurbation and extended suburbs and villages ) ; this community is bordered by the autonomous communities of Castile and León and Castile-La Mancha . As the capital city of Spain , seat of government , and residence of the Spanish monarch , Madrid is also the political , economic and cultural centre of the country . The current mayor is José Luis Martínez-Almeida from the People 's Party . The Madrid urban agglomeration has the third-largest GDP in the European Union and its influence in politics , education , entertainment , environment , media , fashion , science , culture , and the arts all contribute to its status as one of the world 's major global cities . Madrid is home to two world-famous football clubs , Real Madrid and Atlético Madrid . Due to its economic output , high standard of living , and market size , Madrid is considered the major financial centre and the leading economic hub of the Iberian Peninsula and of Southern Europe . It hosts the head offices of the vast majority of major Spanish companies , such as Telefónica , IAG or Repsol . Madrid is also the 10th most liveable city in the world according to Monocle magazine , in its 2017 index .
The University of Coimbra ( UC ; Portuguese : Universidade de Coimbra , pronounced [ univɨɾsiˈðad ( ɨ ) dɨ kuˈĩbɾɐ ] ) is a Portuguese public university in Coimbra , Portugal . Established in 1290 in Lisbon , it went through a number of relocations until it was moved permanently to its current city in 1537 , being one of the oldest universities in continuous operation in the world , the oldest university of Portugal , and one of the country 's largest museums of higher education and research institutions . The university is organized into eight different faculties according to a wide range of fields , granting academic bachelor 's ( licenciado ) , master 's ( mestre ) and doctorate ( doutor ) degrees in nearly all major fields of knowledge , such as arts , engineering , humanities , mathematics , natural sciences , social sciences , medicine , sports and technologies . It is a founding member of the Coimbra Group , a group of leading European research universities , whose inaugural meeting it hosted . The University of Coimbra has over 20,000 students , and hosts one of the largest communities of international students in Portugal , arguably being the most cosmopolitan Portuguese university . On 22 June 2013 , UNESCO added the university to its World Heritage List .
Coimbra ( /koʊˈɪmbrə/ , also US : /kuˈ- , ˈkwɪmbrə/ , UK : /ˈkɔɪmbrə/ , Portuguese : [ kuˈĩbɾɐ ] ( listen ) or [ ˈkwĩbɾɐ ] ) is a city and a municipality in Portugal . The population at the 2011 census was 143,397 , in an area of 319.40 square kilometres ( 123.3 sq mi ) . The fourth-largest urban centre in Portugal ( after Lisbon , Porto and Braga ) , it is the largest city of the district of Coimbra and the Centro Region . About 460,000 people live in the Região de Coimbra , comprising 19 municipalities and extending into an area of 4,336 square kilometres ( 1,674 sq mi ) . Among the many archaeological structures dating back to the Roman era , when Coimbra was the settlement of Aeminium , are its well-preserved aqueduct and cryptoporticus . Similarly , buildings from the period when Coimbra was the capital of Portugal ( from 1131 to 1255 ) still remain . During the late Middle Ages , with its decline as the political centre of the Kingdom of Portugal , Coimbra began to evolve into a major cultural centre . This was in large part helped by the establishment of the University of Coimbra in 1290 , the oldest academic institution in the Portuguese-speaking world . Apart from attracting many European and international students , the university is visited by many tourists for its monuments and history . Its historical buildings were classified as a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 2013 : Coimbra offers an outstanding example of an integrated university city with a specific urban typology as well as its own ceremonial and cultural traditions that have been kept alive through the ages .
Barcelona ( /ˌbɑːrsəˈloʊnə/ BAR-sə-LOH-nə , Catalan : [ bəɾsəˈlonə ] , Spanish : [ baɾθeˈlona ] ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain . It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia , as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain . With a population of 1.6 million within city limits , its urban area extends to numerous neighbouring municipalities within the Province of Barcelona and is home to around 4.8 million people , making it the sixth most populous urban area in the European Union after Paris , the Ruhr area , Madrid , and Milan . It is one of the largest metropolises on the Mediterranean Sea , located on the coast between the mouths of the rivers Llobregat and Besòs , and bounded to the west by the Serra de Collserola mountain range , the tallest peak of which is 512 metres ( 1,680 feet ) high . Founded as a Roman city , in the Middle Ages Barcelona became the capital of the County of Barcelona . After merging with the Kingdom of Aragon , Barcelona continued to be an important city in the Crown of Aragon as an economic and administrative centre of this Crown and the capital of the Principality of Catalonia . Barcelona has a rich cultural heritage and is today an important cultural centre and a major tourist destination . Particularly renowned are the architectural works of Antoni Gaudí and Lluís Domènech i Montaner , which have been designated UNESCO World Heritage Sites . The headquarters of the Union for the Mediterranean are located in Barcelona . The city is known for hosting the 1992 Summer Olympics as well as world-class conferences and expositions and also many international sport tournaments . Barcelona is one of the world 's leading tourist , economic , trade fair and cultural centres , and its influence in commerce , education , entertainment , sports , media , fashion , science , and the arts all contribute to its status as one of the major global cities . It is a major cultural and economic centre in southwestern Europe , 24th in the world ( before Zürich , after Frankfurt ) and a financial centre .
Lisbon ( /ˈlɪzbən/ ; Portuguese : Lisboa [ liʒˈboɐ ] ( listen ) ) is the capital and the largest city of Portugal , with an estimated population of 505,526 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km2 . Lisbon 's urban area extends beyond the city 's administrative limits with a population of around 2.8 million people , being the 10th-most populous urban area in the European Union . About 3 million people live in the Lisbon metropolitan area , which represents approximately 27% of the country 's population . It is mainland Europe 's westernmost capital city and the only one along the Atlantic coast . Lisbon lies in the western Iberian Peninsula on the Atlantic Ocean and the River Tagus . The westernmost portions of its metro area form the westernmost point of Continental Europe , which is known as Cabo da Roca , located in the Sintra Mountains . Lisbon is recognised as an alpha-level global city because of its importance in finance , commerce , media , entertainment , arts , international trade , education and tourism . Lisbon is one of two Portuguese cities ( alongside Porto ) to be recognised as a global city . It is one of the major economic centres on the continent , with a growing financial sector and one of the largest container ports on Europe 's Atlantic coast . Additionally , Humberto Delgado Airport served 29 million passengers in 2018 , being the busiest airport in Portugal , the 3rd busiest in the Iberian Peninsula and the 20th busiest in Europe . The motorway network and the high-speed rail system of Alfa Pendular links the main cities of Portugal to Lisbon . The city is the 9th-most-visited city in Southern Europe , after Rome , Istanbul , Barcelona , Milan , Venice , Madrid , Florence and Athens , with 3,320,300 tourists in 2017 .
The University of Barcelona ( Catalan : Universitat de Barcelona , UB ; IPA : [ uniβəɾsiˈtad də βəɾsəˈlonə ] ; Spanish : Universidad de Barcelona ) is a public university located in the city of Barcelona , Catalonia in Spain . With 73 undergraduate programs , 273 graduate programs and 48 doctorate programs to over 63,000 students , UB is considered to be the best university in Spain in the QS World University Rankings of 2018 , which ranked the university 156th overall in the world . In the 2016-2017 ranking of University Ranking by Academic Performance , UB is considered the best university in Spain and 45th university in the world . Also , according to the yearly ranking made by US News , it is the 81st-best university in the world , and the best university in Spain .
The University of Seville ( Universidad de Sevilla ) is a university in Seville , Spain . Founded under the name of Colegio Santa María de Jesús in 1505 , it has a present student body of over 65,000 , and is one of the top-ranked universities in the country . [ citation needed ]
Seville ( /səˈvɪl/ ; Spanish : Sevilla [ seˈβiʎa ] ( listen ) ) is a Spanish city , the capital of the autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville . It is situated on the lower reaches of the River Guadalquivir , in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula . Seville has a municipal population of about 690,000 as of 2016 [ update ] , and a metropolitan population of about 1.5 million , making it the largest city in Andalusia , the fourth-largest city in Spain and the 30th most populous municipality in the European Union . Its old town , with an area of 4 square kilometres ( 2 sq mi ) , contains three UNESCO World Heritage Sites : the Alcázar palace complex , the Cathedral and the General Archive of the Indies . The Seville harbour , located about 80 kilometres ( 50 miles ) from the Atlantic Ocean , is the only river port in Spain [ citation needed ] . Seville experiences high temperatures in the Summer , with daily maximums routinely above 35 °C ( 95 °F ) in July and August . Seville was founded as the Roman city of Hispalis . It became known as Ishbiliyya after the Muslim conquest in 712 . During the Muslim rule in Spain , Seville came under the jurisdiction of the Caliphate of Córdoba before becoming the independent Taifa of Seville ; later it was ruled by the Muslim Almoravids and the Almohads until finally being incorporated into the Christian Kingdom of Castile under Ferdinand III in 1248 . After the discovery of the Americas , Seville became one of the economic centres of the Spanish Empire as its port monopolised the trans-oceanic trade and the Casa de Contratación ( House of Trade ) wielded its power , opening a Golden Age of arts and literature . In 1519 , Ferdinand Magellan departed from Seville for the first circumnavigation of the Earth . Coinciding with the Baroque period of European history , the 17th century in Seville represented the most brilliant flowering of the city 's culture ; then began a gradual economic and demographic decline as silting in the Guadalquivir forced the trade monopoly to relocate to the nearby port of Cádiz .
Jaca ( in Aragonese : Chaca or Xaca ) is a city of northeastern Spain in the province of Huesca , located near the Pyrenees and the border with France . Jaca is an ancient fort on the Aragón River , situated at the crossing of two great early medieval routes , one from Pau to Zaragoza . Jaca was the city out of which the County and Kingdom of Aragon developed . It was the capital of Aragon until 1097 and also the capital of Jacetania .
The Complutense University of Madrid ( Spanish : Universidad Complutense de Madrid or Universidad de Madrid ; Latin : Universitas Complutensis ) is a public research university located in Madrid , and one of the oldest universities in the world . The university enrolls over 86,000 students , being the 3rd largest non-distance European university by enrollment , and consistently ranking as one of the top universities in Spain . According to the Spanish newspaper El Mundo , the university is widely regarded as the most prestigious academic institution in Spain . It is located on a sprawling campus that occupies the entirety of the Ciudad Universitaria district of Madrid , with annexes in the district of Somosaguas in the neighboring city of Pozuelo de Alarcón . In recent years , the roster of alumni comprises recipients of the Nobel Prize ( 7 ) , Prince of Asturias Awards ( 18 ) , Miguel de Cervantes Prize ( 7 ) , as well as European Commissioners , Presidents of the EU Parliament , European Council Secretary General , ECB Executive Board members , NATO Secretary General , UNESCO Director General , IMF Managing Director , and Heads of State . In the course of over seven centuries , the University of Madrid has provided invaluable contributions in the sciences , fine arts , and political leadership . Alumni include renowned philosophers ( José Ortega y Gasset , Ignatius of Loyola , Thomas of Villanova ) , writers ( Federico García Lorca , Antonio de Nebrija , Pedro Calderón de la Barca ) , scientists ( Santiago Ramón y Cajal , Severo Ochoa , Andrés Manuel del Río , Ricardo Rubio ) , historians ( Juan de Mariana , Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda ) , military leaders ( Don John of Austria , Alexander Farnese , Cardinal Cisneros ) , foreign leaders ( Cardinal Mazarin , José Rizal ) , and many Prime Ministers of Spain . In the year 1785 , the University of Madrid became one of the first universities in the world to grant a Doctorate degree to a female student . By Royal Decree of 1857 , the University of Madrid was the only institution in Spain authorized to grant doctorates throughout the Spanish Empire .
The University of Valencia ( Valencian : Universitat de València [ univeɾsiˈtad de vaˈlensia ] ; also known by the acronym UV ) is a university located in the Spanish city of Valencia . It is one of the oldest surviving universities in Spain , and the oldest in the Valencian Community , and is regarded as one of Spain 's leading academic institutions . The University was founded in 1499 , and currently has around 55,000 students . Most of the courses are given through the medium of Spanish , but the university has promised to increase the number of courses available in Valencian . Moreover , in some degrees part of the teaching is in English . It is located in the Mediterranean Spanish baseline , in the city of Valencia which is the capital and most populous city of the autonomous community of Valencia and the third largest city in Spain , with a population of 829,705 in 2014 . One of its campuses is located in the metropolitan area of Valencia , in the municipalities of Burjassot and Paterna . There are three campuses :
Valencia ( Spanish : [ baˈlenθja ] ) , officially València ( Valencian : [ vaˈlensia ] ) , is the capital of the autonomous community of Valencia and the third-largest city in Spain after Madrid and Barcelona , with around 800,000 inhabitants in the administrative centre . Its urban area extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of around 1.6 million people . Valencia is Spain 's third largest metropolitan area , with a population ranging from 1.7 to 2.5 million depending on how the metropolitan area is defined . The Port of Valencia is the 5th busiest container port in Europe and the busiest container port on the Mediterranean Sea . The city is ranked at Beta-global city in the Globalization and World Cities Research Network . Valencia was founded as a Roman colony by the consul Decimus Junius Brutus Callaicus in 138 BC , and called Valentia Edetanorum . In 714 Moroccan and Arab Moors occupied the city , introducing their language , religion and customs ; they implemented improved irrigation systems and the cultivation of new crops as well . Valencia was the capital of the Taifa of Valencia . In 1238 the Christian king James I of Aragon conquered the city and divided the land among the nobles who helped him conquer it , as witnessed in the Llibre del Repartiment . He also created a new law for the city , the Furs of Valencia , which were extended to the rest of the Kingdom of Valencia . In the 18th century Philip V of Spain abolished the privileges as punishment to the kingdom of Valencia for aligning with the Habsburg side in the War of the Spanish Succession . Valencia was the capital of Spain when Joseph Bonaparte moved the Court there in the summer of 1812 .
Vitoria-Gasteiz ( /vɪˌtɔːriə ɡɑːˈsteɪs/ ; Spanish : [ biˈtoɾja ] ; Basque : [ ɡas̺teis̻ ] ) is the seat of government and the capital city of the Basque Country and of the province of Araba/Álava in southern Euskal Herria . It holds the autonomous community 's House of Parliament , the headquarters of the Government , and the Lehendakari 's ( Prime Minister 's ) official residency . The municipality - which comprises not only the city but also the mainly agricultural lands of 63 villages around - is the largest in the Basque Country , with a total area of 276.81 km2 ( 106.88 sq mi ) , and it has a population of 252,571 people ( May 2019 ) . The dwellers of Vitoria-Gasteiz are called vitorianos or gasteiztarrak , while traditionally they are dubbed babazorros ( Basque for 'bean sacks ' ) . Vitoria-Gasteiz is a multicultural city with strengths in healthcare , aeronautics , vehicle industry , and gastronomy . It is consistently ranked as one of the 5 best places to live in Spain , it is the first Spanish municipality to be awarded the title of European Green Capital ( in 2012 ) and it has been also recognized by the UN with the Global Green City Award ( in 2019 ) . The old town has some of the best preserved medieval streets and plazas in the region and it is one of very few cities with two Cathedrals . The city also holds well known festivals such as the Azkena rock festival , FesTVal , Vitoria-Gasteiz jazz festival , and the Virgen Blanca Festivities . Vitoria-Gasteiz 's vicinity is home to world-renowned wineries such as Ysios ( by Santiago Calatrava ) and the Marqués de Riscal Hotel ( by Frank Gehry ) ; relevant heritage sites including the Neolithic remains of Aizkomendi , Sorginetxe and La chabola de la Hechicera ; Iron Age remains such as the settlements of Lastra and Buradón ; antique remains such as the settlement of La Hoya and the salt valley of Añana ; and countless medieval fortresses such as the Tower of Mendoza and the Tower of Varona . Beethoven dedicated his Opus 91 , often called the Battle of Vitoria or Wellington 's Victory , to one of the most famous events of the Napoleonic Wars : the Battle of Vitoria , in which a Spanish , Portuguese and British army under the command of General the Marquess of Wellington broke the French army and nearly captured the puppet king Joseph Bonaparte . It was a pivotal point in the Peninsular War , and a precursor to the expulsion of the French from Spain . A memorial statue can be seen today in Virgen Blanca Square .
The University of Salamanca ( Spanish : Universidad de Salamanca ) is a Spanish higher education institution , located in the city of Salamanca , west of Madrid , in the autonomous community of Castile and León . It was founded in 1134 and given the Royal charter of foundation by King Alfonso IX in 1218 . It is the world 's third oldest university still in operation and the oldest university in the Hispanic world . The formal title of University was granted by King Alfonso X in 1254 and recognized by Pope Alexander IV in 1255 .
Salamanca ( /ˌsæləˈmæŋkə/ SAL-ə-MANK-ə , Spanish : [ salaˈmaŋka ] ) is a city in western Spain that is the capital of the Province of Salamanca in the community of Castile and León . The city lies on several hills by the Tormes River . Its Old City was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988 . With a metropolitan population of 228,881 in 2012 according to the National Institute of Statistics ( INE ) , Salamanca is the second most populated urban area in Castile and León , after Valladolid ( 414,000 ) , and ahead of León ( 187,000 ) and Burgos ( 176,000 ) . It is one of the most important university cities in Spain and supplies 16% of Spain 's market for the teaching of the Spanish language . Salamanca attracts thousands of international students . It is situated approximately 200 kilometres ( 120 miles ) west of the Spanish capital Madrid and 80 km ( 50 mi ) east of the Portuguese border . The University of Salamanca , which was founded in 1218 , is one of the oldest universities in Spain and the third oldest western university , but the first to be given its status by the Pope Alexander IV who gave universal validity to its degrees . With its 30,000 students , the university is , together with tourism , a primary source of income in Salamanca . It is on the Via de la Plata path of the Camino de Santiago .
Oeiras ( Portuguese pronunciation : [ oˈɐjɾɐʃ ] ( listen ) ) is a municipality in the western part of Lisbon metropolitan area , a subregion of Greater Lisbon , in continental Portugal . It is part of the urban agglomeration of Lisbon , 16 km from the capital . The population in 2011 was 172,120 living in an area of 45.88 km2 , making the municipality the fifth-most densely populated in Portugal . Oeiras is an important economic hub , being one of the most highly developed municipalities of Portugal and Europe . It has the highest GDP per capita in the country , being also the second highest municipality ( immediately after Lisbon ) in terms of purchasing power as well as the second one collecting taxes in the country . These economic indicators also reflect the inhabitants ' studies , as Oeiras is the municipality with the highest concentration of population with higher education in the country . It also has the lowest unemployment rate in the Lisbon area .
The University of La Laguna ( in Spanish : Universidad de La Laguna ) , also known as the ULL , is a Spanish university situated in San Cristóbal de La Laguna , on the island of Tenerife . It is the oldest university in the Canary Islands . It has six campuses : Central , Anchieta , Guajara , Campus del Sur , Ofra and Santa Cruz de Tenerife . In 2015 , the University of La Laguna entered the ranking of the top 500 universities in the world by the Institute of Education in Shanghai ( China ) , being the only of the two Canarian public universities to enter the ranking . In addition , the Leiden ranking , prepared by the Center for Studies of Science and Technology of the Leiden University ( Netherlands ) , has ranked the University of La Laguna as the first Spanish university in scientific collaboration . Meanwhile , in 2016 the University of La Laguna was recognized as the second best university in Spain in Humanities , according to a survey by the Everis Foundation .
San Cristóbal de La Laguna ( commonly known as La Laguna , Spanish pronunciation : [ saŋ kɾisˈtoβal de la laˈɣuna ] ) is a city and municipality in the northern part of the island of Tenerife in the Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife , on the Canary Islands ( Spain ) . The city is the third-most populous city of the archipelago and the second-most populous city of the island . La Laguna 's historical center was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1999 . In 2003 the municipality started an ambitious Urban Plan to renew this area , that was carried out by the firm AUC S.L . ( Arquitectura Urbanismo y Cooperación ) . The city was the ancient capital of the Canary Islands . La Laguna lies right alongside the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife , thus the two cities and municipalities form a single large urban center , linked by tram . The city is home to the University of La Laguna which is home to 30,000 students ; these are not included in the population figures for the city . La Laguna is considered to be the cultural capital of the Canary Islands . Also there is in the habit of being calling the Ciudad de los Adelantados , for having been the first university city of the archipelago . Its economy is business-oriented while agriculture dominates the northeastern portion of the city . The urban area dominates the central and the southern parts .
The Canary Islands ( /kəˈnɛəri/ ; Spanish : Islas Canarias , pronounced [ ˈizlas kaˈnaɾjas ] ) are a Spanish archipelago and the southernmost autonomous community of Spain located in the Atlantic Ocean , in a region known as Macaronesia , 100 kilometres ( 62 miles ) west of Morocco at the closest point . The Canary Islands , which are also known informally as the Canaries , are among the outermost regions ( OMR ) of the European Union proper . It is also one of eight regions with special consideration of historical nationality as recognized by the Spanish Government . The Canary Islands belong to the African Plate like the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla , the two on the African mainland . The eight main islands are ( from largest to smallest in area ) Tenerife , Fuerteventura , Gran Canaria , Lanzarote , La Palma , La Gomera , El Hierro and La Graciosa . The archipelago includes many smaller islands and islets : Alegranza , Isla de Lobos , Montaña Clara , Roque del Oeste and Roque del Este . It also includes a series of adjacent roques ( those of Salmor , Fasnia , Bonanza , Garachico and Anaga ) . In ancient times , the island chain was often referred to as the Fortunate Isles . The Canary Islands are the most southerly region of Spain and the largest and most populated archipelago of Macaronesia . Historically , the Canary Islands have been considered a bridge between four continents : Africa , North America , South America and Europe . The Canary Islands currently have a population of 2,127,685 inhabitants and a density of 283.08 inhabitants/km² , being the eighth most populous autonomous community . The population of the archipelago is mostly concentrated in the two capital islands , around 43% on the island of Tenerife and 40% on the island of Gran Canaria .
The University of Córdoba ( Spanish : Universidad de Córdoba , UCO ) , is a university in Córdoba , in Andalusia , Spain , chartered in 1972 . It offers undergraduate and postgraduate studies in humanities , social sciences , health sciences , natural sciences and engineering .
Córdoba ( /ˈkɔːrdəbə/ , Spanish : [ ˈkoɾðoβa ] ) , [ a ] also spelled Cordova ( /ˈkɔːrdəvə/ ) in English , is a city in Andalusia , southern Spain , and the capital of the province of Córdoba . It was a Roman settlement , taken over by the Visigoths , followed by the Muslim conquests in the eighth century and later becoming an imperial city under the Caliphate of Córdoba . The city served as the capital in exile of the Umayyad Caliphate , the Almohad and various other emirates . During these Muslim periods , Córdoba was transformed into a world leading center of education and learning , producing notable figures such as Averroes , Ibn Hazm , and Al-Zahrawi , and by the 10th century it had grown to be the second-largest city in Europe . It was conquered by the Kingdom of Castile through the Christian Reconquista in 1236 . Today , Córdoba is still home to many notable pieces of Moorish architecture such as The Mezquita , which was named as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984 and is now a Cathedral . The UNESCO status has since been expanded to encompass the whole historic centre of Córdoba . Much of this architecture , such as the Alcázar and the Roman bridge has been reworked or reconstructed by the city 's successive inhabitants . Córdoba has the highest summer temperatures in Spain and Europe , with average high temperatures around 37 °C ( 99 °F ) in July and August .
León ( UK : /leɪˈɒn/ , US : /-ˈoʊn/ ; Spanish : [ leˈon ] ; Leonese : Llión [ ʎiˈoŋ ] ) is the capital of the province of León , located in the northwest of Spain . Its city population of 127,817 ( 2015 ) makes it the largest municipality in the province , accounting for more than one quarter of the province 's population . Including the metropolitan area , the population is estimated at 202,793 ( 2015 ) . Founded as the military encampment of the Legio VI Victrix around 29 BC , its standing as an encampment city was consolidated with the definitive settlement of the Legio VII Gemina from 74 AD . Following its partial depopulation due to the Umayyad conquest of the peninsula . 910 saw the beginning of one its most prominent historical periods , when it became the capital of the Kingdom of León , which took active part in the Reconquista against the Moors , and came to be one of the fundamental kingdoms of medieval Spain . In 1188 , the city hosted the first Parliament in European history under the reign of Alfonso IX , due to which it was named in 2010 , by the professor John Keane , the King of Spain and the Junta of Castile and León , as the cradle of Parliamentarism , and the Decreta of León were included in the Memory of the World register by UNESCO in 2013 . The city 's prominence began to decline in the early Middle Ages , partly due to the loss of independence after the union of the Leonese kingdom with the Crown of Castile , consolidated in 1301 . After a period of stagnation during the early modern age , it was one of the first cities to hold an uprising in the Spanish War of Independence , and some years later , in 1833 acquired the status of provincial capital . The end of the 19th and the 20th century saw a significant acceleration in the rate of urban expansion , when the city became an important communications hub of the northwest due to the rise of the coal mining industry and the arrival of the railroad . León 's historical and architectural heritage , as well as the numerous festivals hosted throughout the year ( particularly noteworthy are the Easter processions ) and its location on the French Way of the Camino de Santiago , which is ranked as a UNESCO World Heritage Site , make it a destination of both domestic and international tourism . Some of the city 's most prominent historical buildings are the Cathedral , one of the finest examples of French-style classic Gothic architecture in Spain , the Basilica of San Isidoro , one of the most important Romanesque churches in Spain and resting place of León 's medieval monarchs , the Monastery of San Marcos , an example of plateresque and Renaissance Spanish architecture , and the Casa Botines , a Modernist creation of the architect Antoni Gaudí .
San Sebastián ( Spanish : [ san seβasˈtjan ] ) or Donostia ( Basque : [ doˈnos̺tia ] , French : Saint-Sébastien ) is a coastal city and municipality located in the Basque Autonomous Community , Spain . It lies on the coast of the Bay of Biscay , 20 km ( 12 miles ) from the French border . The capital city of Gipuzkoa , the municipality 's population is 186,095 as of 2015 , with its metropolitan area reaching 436,500 in 2010 . Locals call themselves donostiarra ( singular ) , both in Spanish and Basque . The main economic activities are commerce and tourism , and it is one of the most famous tourist destinations in Spain . Despite the city 's small size , events such as the San Sebastián International Film Festival have given it an international dimension . San Sebastián , along with Wrocław , Poland , was the European Capital of Culture in 2016 .
The University of Porto ( Universidade do Porto ) is a Portuguese public university located in Porto , and founded on 22 March 1911 . It is the second largest Portuguese university by number of enrolled students , after the University of Lisbon , and has one of the most noted research outputs in Portugal .
Porto , [ a ] also known as Oporto in some languages , [ b ] is the second-largest city in Portugal , one of the Iberian Peninsula 's major urban areas . Porto city has a population of 237,559 and a metropolitan area with 2.4 million people ( 2019 ) in an area of 2,395 km2 ( 925 sq mi ) , making it the second-largest urban area in Portugal . It is recognized as a gamma-level global city by the Globalization and World Cities ( GaWC ) Study Group , the only Portuguese city besides Lisbon to be recognised as a global city . Located along the Douro River estuary in northern Portugal , Porto is one of the oldest European centres , and its core was proclaimed a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1996 , as Historic Centre of Oporto , Luiz I Bridge and Monastery of Serra do Pilar . The historic area is also a National Monument of Portugal . The western part of its urban area extends to the coastline of the Atlantic Ocean . Its settlement dates back many centuries , when it was an outpost of the Roman Empire . Its combined Celtic-Latin name , Portus Cale , has been referred to as the origin of the name Portugal , based on transliteration and oral evolution from Latin . In Portuguese , the name of the city includes a definite article : o Porto ( the port ) which is where its former English name Oporto comes from . Port wine , one of Portugal 's most famous exports , is named after Porto , since the metropolitan area , and in particular the cellars of Vila Nova de Gaia , were responsible for the packaging , transport , and export of fortified wine . In 2014 and 2017 , Porto was elected The Best European Destination by the Best European Destinations Agency . Porto is on the Portuguese Way path of the Camino de Santiago .
Santiago de Compostela [ a ] ( or Saint James of Compostella in English ) is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia , in northwestern Spain . The city has its origin in the shrine of Saint James the Great , now the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela , as the destination of the Way of St. James , a leading Catholic pilgrimage route since the 9th century . In 1985 , the city 's Old Town was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site .
Galicia ( /ɡəˈlɪʃ ( i ) ə/ ; Galician : Galicia [ ɡaˈliθjɐ ] , Galiza [ ɡaˈliθɐ ] ; [ a ] Spanish : Galicia ; Portuguese : Galiza ) is an autonomous community of Spain and historic nationality under Spanish law . Located in the northwest Iberian Peninsula , it includes the provinces of A Coruña , Lugo , Ourense and Pontevedra . Galicia is bordered by Portugal to the south , the Spanish autonomous communities of Castile and León and Asturias to the east , the Atlantic Ocean to the west , and the Cantabrian Sea to the north . It had a population of 2,701,743 in 2018 and a total area of 29,574 km2 ( 11,419 sq mi ) . Galicia has over 1,660 km ( 1,030 mi ) of coastline , including its offshore islands and islets , among them Cíes Islands , Ons , Sálvora , Cortegada , and the largest and most populated , A Illa de Arousa . The area now called Galicia was first inhabited by humans during the Middle Paleolithic period , and takes its name from the Gallaeci , the Celtic people living north of the Douro River during the last millennium BC . Galicia was incorporated into the Roman Empire at the end of the Cantabrian Wars in 19 BC , and was made a Roman province in the 3rd century AD . In 410 , the Germanic Suebi established a kingdom with its capital in Braga ( Portugal ) ; this kingdom was incorporated into that of the Visigoths in 585 . In 711 , the Islamic Umayyad Caliphate invaded the Iberian Peninsula conquering the Visigoth kingdom of Hispania by 718 , but soon Galicia was incorporated into the Christian kingdom of Asturias by 740 . During the Middle Ages , the kingdom of Galicia was occasionally ruled by its own kings , but most of the time it was leagued to the kingdom of Leon and later to that of Castile , while maintaining its own legal and customary practices and culture . From the 13th century on , the kings of Castile , as kings of Galicia , appointed an Adiantado-mór , whose attributions passed to the Governor and Captain General of the Kingdom of Galiza from the last years of the 15th century . The Governor also presided the Real Audiencia do Reino de Galicia , a royal tribunal and government body .
The University of Murcia ( Spanish : Universidad de Murcia ) is the main university in Murcia , Spain . With 38,000 students , it is the largest university in the Región de Murcia . The University of Murcia is the third oldest university in Spain , after the University of Salamanca ( 1218 AD ) and the University of Valladolid ( 1241 AD ) , and the thirteenth in the world . The University of Murcia was established in 1272 by the King Alfonso X of Castile under the Crown of Castile . The majority of the University 's facilities and buildings are spread over two campuses : the older is La Merced , situated in the town centre , and the larger is Espinardo , just 5 km to the north of Murcia . A third campus for Medical and Health Studies is currently [ when ? ] being built next to the suburban area known as Ciudad Sanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca , 5 km south of the city . A new campus had been made in San Javier too , that hosts the Sports Science faculty .
Murcia ( /ˈmʊərsiə/ , also US : /ˈmɜːrʃ ( i ) ə/ , Spanish : [ ˈmuɾθja ] ( listen ) ) is a city in south-eastern Spain , the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous Community of the Region of Murcia , and the seventh largest city in the country , with a population of 447,182 inhabitants in 2018 ( about one third of the total population of the Region ) . The population of the metropolitan area was 689,591 in 2010 . It is located on the Segura River , in the Southeast of the Iberian Peninsula , noted by a climate with hot summers , mild winters , and relatively low precipitation . Murcia was founded by the emir of Cordoba Abd ar-Rahman II in 825 with the name Mursiyah ( Arabic : مرسية ) . It is now mainly a services city and a university town . Highlights for visitors include the Cathedral of Murcia and a number of baroque buildings , renowned local cuisine , Holy Week procession works of art by the famous Murcian sculptor Francisco Salzillo , and the Fiestas de Primavera ( Spring Festival ) . The city , as the capital of the comarca Huerta de Murcia is called Europe 's orchard due to its long agricultural tradition and its fruit , vegetable , and flower production and exports . Murcia is located near the center of a low-lying fertile plain known as the huerta ( orchard or vineyard ) of Murcia . The Segura River and its right-hand tributary , the Guadalentín , run through the area . The city has an elevation of 43 metres ( 141 ft ) above sea level and its municipality covers approximately 882 square kilometres ( 341 sq mi ) . The best known and most dominant aspect of the municipal area 's landscape is the orchard . In addition to the orchard and urban zones , the great expanse of the municipal area is made up of different landscapes : badlands , groves of Carrasco pine trees in the precoastal mountain ranges and , towards the south , a semi-steppe region .