Architectural design competition
Table:
Competition Name
Location
Year
Winner(s)
Design entries

White House
Washington D.C.
1792
James Hoban
9

Walhalla memorial
Donaustauf
1816
Leo von Klenze

Houses of Parliament
London
1835
Charles Barry
98

Vienna Ring Road
Vienna
1858
Ludwig Förster - Friedrich August von Stache - Eduard van der Nüll and August Sicard von Sicardsburg
85

Hofoper
Vienna
1860
Eduard van der Nüll and August Sicard von Sicardsburg

Paris Opera
Paris
1860
Charles Garnier
171

Rijksmuseum
Amsterdam
1863
P.J.H. Cuypers

Law Courts
London
1866
George Edmund Street
11

Reichstag
Berlin
1872
Paul Wallot

Beurs
Amsterdam
1884
Hendrik Petrus Berlage

World Exhibition tower
Paris
1889
Gustave Eiffel

Austrian Postal Savings Bank
Vienna
1903
Otto Wagner

Stockholm City Hall
Stockholm
1903
Ragnar Östberg

Helsinki Central railway station
Helsinki
1903
Eliel Saarinen
21

Peace Palace
The Hague
1905
Louis Marie Cordonnier and J.A.G. van der Steur

Tribune Tower
Chicago
1922
John Mead Howells and Raymond Hood
260

League of Nations Building
Geneva
1926
Henri Paul Nénot & Julien Flegenheimer; Carlo Broggi; Camille Lefèvre; Giuseppe Vago
377

Lenin Library
Moscow
1928
Vladimir Shchuko

ANZAC War Memorial
Sydney
1929
Charles Bruce Dellit
117

Termini Station
Rome
1947
Leo Calini, Eugenio Montuori, Massimo Castellazzi, Vasco Fadigati, Achille Pintonello and Annibale Vitellozzi

Considering the given table as well as the supporting evidence provided at the end.

Respond to the question below: Even though the winning design for this more than one million square-foot structure was done in a Gothic Revival style , the architect who designed it was better know for his major contribution to the use of what architecture style in Britain ? Return your answer as JSON: {"answer": "YOUR ANSWER"}. Do not introduce information beyond the provided sources.

The White House is the official residence and workplace of the president of the United States . It is located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington , D.C. and has been the residence of every U.S. president since John Adams in 1800 . The term White House is often used as a metonym for the president and his advisers . The residence was designed by Irish-born architect James Hoban in the neoclassical style . Hoban modelled the building on Leinster House in Dublin , a building which today houses the Oireachtas , the Irish legislature . Construction took place between 1792 and 1800 using Aquia Creek sandstone painted white . When Thomas Jefferson moved into the house in 1801 , he ( with architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe ) added low colonnades on each wing that concealed stables and storage . In 1814 , during the War of 1812 , the mansion was set ablaze by the British Army in the Burning of Washington , destroying the interior and charring much of the exterior . Reconstruction began almost immediately , and President James Monroe moved into the partially reconstructed Executive Residence in October 1817 . Exterior construction continued with the addition of the semi-circular South portico in 1824 and the North portico in 1829 . Because of crowding within the executive mansion itself , President Theodore Roosevelt had all work offices relocated to the newly constructed West Wing in 1901 . Eight years later in 1909 , President William Howard Taft expanded the West Wing and created the first Oval Office , which was eventually moved as the section was expanded .
James Hoban ( 1755 - December 8 , 1831 ) was an Irish architect , best known for designing the White House in Washington , D.C .
The Walhalla is a hall of fame that honours laudable and distinguished people in German history - politicians , sovereigns , scientists and artists of the German tongue ; thus the celebrities honoured are drawn from Greater Germany , a wider area than today 's Germany , and even as far away as Britain in the case of several Anglo-Saxons who are honoured . The hall is a neo-classical building above the Danube River , in Donaustauf , east of Regensburg in Bavaria . The Walhalla is named for the Valhalla of Norse Paganism . It was conceived in 1807 by Crown Prince Ludwig in order to support the gathering momentum for the unification of the many German states . Following his accession to the throne of Bavaria , construction took place between 1830 and 1842 under the supervision of the architect Leo von Klenze . The memorial displays some 65 plaques and 130 busts covering 2,000 years of history , beginning with Arminius , victor at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in AD 9 .
Leo von Klenze ( Franz Karl Leopold von Klenze ; 29 February 1784 , Buchladen ( Bockelah / Bocla ) near Schladen - 26 January 1864 , Munich ) was a German neoclassicist architect , painter and writer . Court architect of Bavarian King Ludwig I , Leo von Klenze was one of the most prominent representatives of Greek revival style .
The Palace of Westminster serves as the meeting place for both the House of Commons and the House of Lords , the two houses of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . Commonly known as the Houses of Parliament after its occupants , the Palace lies on the north bank of the River Thames in the City of Westminster , in central London , England . Its name , which derives from the neighbouring Westminster Abbey , may refer to either of two structures : the Old Palace , a medieval building-complex destroyed by fire in 1834 , or its replacement , the New Palace that stands today . The palace is owned by the monarch in right of the Crown and , for ceremonial purposes , retains its original status as a royal residence . Committees appointed by both houses manage the building and report to the Speaker of the House of Commons and to the Lord Speaker . The first royal palace constructed on the site dated from the 11th century , and Westminster became the primary residence of the Kings of England until fire destroyed much of the complex in 1512 . After that , it served as the home of the Parliament of England , which had met there since the 13th century , and also as the seat of the Royal Courts of Justice , based in and around Westminster Hall . In 1834 an even greater fire ravaged the heavily rebuilt Houses of Parliament , and the only significant medieval structures to survive were Westminster Hall , the Cloisters of St Stephen 's , the Chapel of St Mary Undercroft , and the Jewel Tower . In the subsequent competition for the reconstruction of the Palace , the architect Charles Barry won with a design for new buildings in the Gothic Revival style , specifically inspired by the English Perpendicular Gothic style of the 14th-16th centuries . The remains of the Old Palace ( except the detached Jewel Tower ) were incorporated into its much larger replacement , which contains over 1,100 rooms organised symmetrically around two series of courtyards and which has a floor area of 112,476 m2 ( 1,210,680 sq ft ) . Part of the New Palace 's area of 3.24 hectares ( 8 acres ) was reclaimed from the River Thames , which is the setting of its nearly 300-metre long ( 980 ft ) façade , called the River Front . Augustus Pugin , a leading authority on Gothic architecture and style , assisted Barry and designed the interior of the Palace .
Sir Charles Barry FRS RA ( 23 May 1795 - 12 May 1860 ) was an English architect , best known for his role in the rebuilding of the Palace of Westminster ( also known as the Houses of Parliament ) in London during the mid-19th century , but also responsible for numerous other buildings and gardens . He is known for his major contribution to the use of Italianate architecture in Britain , especially the use of the Palazzo as basis for the design of country houses , city mansions and public buildings . He also developed the Italian Renaissance garden style for the many gardens he designed around country houses .
The Ringstrasse ( German : Ringstraße , lit . ring road ) is a circular grand boulevard that serves as a ring road around the historic Innere Stadt ( Inner Town ) district of Vienna , Austria . The road is located on sites where medieval city fortifications once stood , including high walls and the broad open field ramparts ( glacis ) , criss-crossed by paths that lay before them . It was constructed after the dismantling of the city walls in the mid-19th century . From the 1860s to 1890s , many large public buildings were erected along the Ringstrasse in an eclectic historicist style , sometimes called Ringstraßenstil ( Ring Road style ) , using elements of Classical , Gothic , Renaissance , and Baroque architecture . Because of its architectural beauty and history , the Vienna Ringstrasse has been called the Lord of the Ring Roads and is designated by UNESCO as part of Vienna 's World Heritage Site .
Ludwig Christian Friedrich ( von ) Förster ( October 8 , 1797 in Ansbach - June 16 , 1863 in Bad Gleichenberg , Styria ) was a German-born Austrian architect . While he was not Jewish , he is known for building Jewish synagogues and churches . Ludwig Förster studied in Munich and Vienna . He founded the Allgemeine Bauzeitung in 1836 . From 1842 to 1845 he taught at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna and influenced a generation of Viennese architects through his architectural studio . From 1839/40 he worked as a freelance architect , Otto Wagner , among others , was a member of his studio . 1846-52 Förster worked with his son-in-law Theophil Freiherr von Hansen . He contributed to the Ringstraße . Berlin-educated Ignaz Wechselmann became his friend and assistant . Förster superintended the construction of the Dohány Street Synagogue in Budapest , which along with the Leopoldstädter Tempel and the Synagogue of Miskolc is his most important work . Forster and Hansen designed the structure - the largest synagogue in Europe - based on Byzantine-Moorish style as shown features such as the polychromic building with onion domes and arched gates . 1861-63 he was a member of the Viennese city council ( Gemeinderat ) .
Eduard van der Nüll ( 9 January 1812 ( baptized ) - 4 April 1868 ) was an Austrian architect , who was one of the great masters in the historicist style of Vienna 's Ringstrasse .
August Sicard von Sicardsburg ( 6 December 1813 - 11 June 1868 ) was an Austrian architect . He is best remembered as the co-architect of the Vienna State Opera , together with Eduard van der Nüll . Sicardsburg was born in Buda . He studied architecture at the Vienna University of Technology under Peter von Nobile , and together with van der Nüll . In 1843 he became professor at the Vienna Academy . Karl Freiherr von Hasenauer was one of his students . Sicardsburg died in 1868 in Weidling , Austria of tuberculosis , 6 weeks after his partner Eduard van der Nüll committed suicide ; neither saw the opening of the Vienna State Opera in 1869 .
The Vienna State Opera ( German : Wiener Staatsoper , IPA : [ ˈviːnɐ ˈʃtaːt͡sˌʔoːpɐ ] ) is an opera house and opera company based in Vienna , Austria . The 1,709-seat Renaissance Revival venue was the first major building on the Vienna Ring Road . It was built from 1861 to 1869 following plans by August Sicard von Sicardsburg and Eduard van der Nüll , and designs by Josef Hlávka . The opera house was inaugurated as the Vienna Court Opera ( Wiener Hofoper ) in the presence of Emperor Franz Joseph I and Empress Elisabeth of Austria . It became known by its current name after the establishment of the First Austrian Republic in 1921 . The members of the Vienna Philharmonic are recruited from the Vienna State Opera 's orchestra . The building is also the home of the Vienna State Ballet , and it hosts the annual Vienna Opera Ball during the carnival season .
The Palais Garnier ( French : [ palɛ ɡaʁnje ] ( listen ) , Garnier Palace ) or Opéra Garnier ( French : [ ɔpeʁa ɡaʁnje ] ( listen ) , Garnier Opera ) , is a 1,979-seat opera house at the Place de l'Opéra in the 9th arrondissement of Paris , France . It was built for the Paris Opera from 1861 to 1875 at the behest of Emperor Napoleon III . Initially referred to as le nouvel Opéra de Paris ( the new Paris Opera ) , it soon became known as the Palais Garnier , in acknowledgment of its extraordinary opulence and the architect Charles Garnier 's plans and designs , which are representative of the Napoleon III style . It was the primary theatre of the Paris Opera and its associated Paris Opera Ballet until 1989 , when a new opera house , the Opéra Bastille , opened at the Place de la Bastille . The company now uses the Palais Garnier mainly for ballet . The theatre has been a monument historique of France since 1923 . The Palais Garnier has been called probably the most famous opera house in the world , a symbol of Paris like Notre Dame Cathedral , the Louvre , or the Sacré Coeur Basilica . This is at least partly due to its use as the setting for Gaston Leroux 's 1910 novel The Phantom of the Opera and , especially , the novel 's subsequent adaptations in films and the popular 1986 musical . Another contributing factor is that among the buildings constructed in Paris during the Second Empire , besides being the most expensive , it has been described as the only one that is unquestionably a masterpiece of the first rank . This opinion is far from unanimous however : the 20th-century French architect Le Corbusier once described it as a lying art and contended that the Garnier movement is a décor of the grave . The Palais Garnier also houses the Bibliothèque-Musée de l'Opéra de Paris ( Paris Opera Library-Museum ) , which is managed by the Bibliothèque Nationale de France and is included in unaccompanied tours of the Palais Garnier .
Jean-Louis Charles Garnier ( pronounced [ ʃaʁl ɡaʁnje ] ; 6 November 1825 - 3 August 1898 ) was a French architect , perhaps best known as the architect of the Palais Garnier and the Opéra de Monte-Carlo .
The Rijksmuseum ( Dutch : [ ˈrɛiksmyˌzeːjʏm ] ( listen ) ; English : National Museum ) is a Dutch national museum dedicated to arts and history in Amsterdam . The museum is located at the Museum Square in the borough Amsterdam South , close to the Van Gogh Museum , the Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam , and the Concertgebouw . The Rijksmuseum was founded in The Hague on 19 November 1798 and moved to Amsterdam in 1808 , where it was first located in the Royal Palace and later in the Trippenhuis . The current main building was designed by Pierre Cuypers and first opened in 1885 . On 13 April 2013 , after a ten-year renovation which cost € 375 million , the main building was reopened by Queen Beatrix . In 2013 and 2014 , it was the most visited museum in the Netherlands with record numbers of 2.2 million and 2.47 million visitors . It is also the largest art museum in the country . The museum has on display 8,000 objects of art and history , from their total collection of 1 million objects from the years 1200-2000 , among which are some masterpieces by Rembrandt , Frans Hals , and Johannes Vermeer . The museum also has a small Asian collection , which is on display in the Asian pavilion .
Petrus Josephus Hubertus ( Pierre ) Cuypers ( 16 May 1827 - 3 March 1921 ) was a Dutch architect . His name is most frequently associated with the Amsterdam Central Station ( 1881-1889 ) and the Rijksmuseum ( 1876-1885 ) , both in Amsterdam . More representative for his oeuvre , however , are numerous churches , of which he designed more than 100 . [ citation needed ] Moreover , he restored many monuments .
The Royal Courts of Justice , commonly called the Law Courts , is a court building in London which houses the High Court and Court of Appeal of England and Wales . The High Court also sits on circuit and in other major cities . Designed by George Edmund Street , who died before it was completed , it is a large grey stone edifice in the Victorian Gothic style built in the 1870s and opened by Queen Victoria in 1882 . It is one of the largest courts in Europe . It is located on Strand within the City of Westminster , near the border with the City of London ( Temple Bar ) . It is surrounded by the four Inns of Court , St Clement Danes church , The Australian High Commission , King 's College London and the London School of Economics . The nearest London Underground stations are Chancery Lane and Temple . The courts within the building are generally open to the public with some access restrictions depending upon the nature of the cases being heard . Those in court who do not have legal representation may receive some assistance within the building . A Citizens Advice Bureau is based in the Main Hall which provides free , confidential and impartial advice by appointment to litigants-in-person . There is also an office of the Personal Support Unit where litigants-in-person can receive emotional support and practical information about court proceedings . The Central Criminal Court , widely known as the Old Bailey after its street , is about 1⁄2 mile ( 0.8 km ) to the east - a Crown Court centre with no direct connection with the Royal Courts of Justice .
George Edmund Street RA ( 20 June 1824 - 18 December 1881 ) , also known as G. E. Street , was an English architect , born at Woodford in Essex . Stylistically , Street was a leading practitioner of the Victorian Gothic revival . Though mainly an ecclesiastical architect , he is perhaps best known as the designer of the Royal Courts of Justice on the Strand in London .
The Reichstag ( German : Reichstagsgebäude pronounced [ ˈʁaɪçstaːksgəˈbɔʏdə ] ; officially : Deutscher Bundestag - Plenarbereich Reichstagsgebäude pronounced [ ˈdɔʏtʃɐ ˈbʊndəsˌtaːk ˈpleːnaːrbəraɪç ˈʁaɪçstaːksgəˈbɔʏdə ] ) is a historic edifice in Berlin , Germany , constructed to house the Imperial Diet ( German : Reichstag ) of the German Empire . It was opened in 1894 and housed the Diet until 1933 , when it was severely damaged after being set on fire . After World War II , the building fell into disuse ; the parliament of the German Democratic Republic ( the Volkskammer ) met in the Palast der Republik in East Berlin , while the parliament of the Federal Republic of Germany ( the Bundestag ) met in the Bundeshaus in Bonn . The ruined building was made safe against the elements and partially refurbished in the 1960s , but no attempt at full restoration was made until after German reunification on 3 October 1990 , when it underwent a reconstruction led by architect Norman Foster . After its completion in 1999 , it once again became the meeting place of the German parliament : the modern Bundestag . The term Reichstag , when used to connote a diet , dates back to the Holy Roman Empire . The building was built for the Diet of the German Empire , which was succeeded by the Reichstag of the Weimar Republic . The latter would become the Reichstag of Nazi Germany , which left the building ( and ceased to act as a parliament ) after the 1933 fire and never returned , using the Kroll Opera House instead ; the term Reichstag has not been used by German parliaments since World War II . In today 's usage , the word Reichstag ( Imperial Diet Building ) refers mainly to the building , while Bundestag ( Federal Diet ) refers to the institution .
Johann Paul Wallot ( 26 June 1841 Oppenheim am Rhein - 10 August 1912 Bad Schwalbach ) was a German architect of Huguenot descent , best known for designing the Reichstag building in Berlin , erected between 1884 and 1894 . He also built the adjacent Palace of the President of the Reichstag , finished in 1904 , and the former Saxon Ständehaus state diet building of 1906 at Brühl 's Terrace in Dresden .
The Beurs van Berlage is a building on the Damrak , in the centre of Amsterdam . It was designed as a commodity exchange by architect Hendrik Petrus Berlage and constructed between 1896 and 1903 . It influenced many modernist architects , in particular functionalists and the Amsterdam School . It is now used as a venue for concerts , exhibitions and conferences . The building is constructed of red brick , with an iron and glass roof , and stone piers , lintels and corbels . Its entrance is under a 40-metre ( 130 ft ) high clock tower , while inside lie three large multi-storey halls formerly used as trading floors , with offices and communal facilities grouped around them . The aim of the architect was to modify the styles of the past by emphasizing sweeping planes and open plan interiors . It has stylistic similarities with some earlier buildings , for instance St Pancras station and the work of H. H. Richardson in America , or the Castell dels Tres Dragons , Barcelona , by Lluís Domènech i Montaner . True to its nineteenth-century roots , it maintains the use of ornament in a civic structure . On 2 February 2002 the civil ceremony of the wedding of King Willem-Alexander and Máxima Zorreguieta took place in the Beurs van Berlage . The Beurs van Berlage has a café located on the Beursplein side and the tower is also open to the public .
Hendrik Petrus Berlage ( 21 February 1856 - 12 August 1934 ) was a prominent Dutch architect .
The Eiffel Tower ( /ˈaɪfəl/ EYE-fəl ; French : tour Eiffel [ tuʁ‿ɛfɛl ] ( listen ) ) is a wrought-iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris , France . It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel , whose company designed and built the tower . Constructed from 1887 to 1889 as the entrance to the 1889 World 's Fair , it was initially criticised by some of France 's leading artists and intellectuals for its design , but it has become a global cultural icon of France and one of the most recognisable structures in the world . The Eiffel Tower is the most-visited paid monument in the world ; 6.91 million people ascended it in 2015 . The tower is 324 metres ( 1,063 ft ) tall , about the same height as an 81-storey building , and the tallest structure in Paris . Its base is square , measuring 125 metres ( 410 ft ) on each side . During its construction , the Eiffel Tower surpassed the Washington Monument to become the tallest man-made structure in the world , a title it held for 41 years until the Chrysler Building in New York City was finished in 1930 . It was the first structure to reach a height of 300 metres . Due to the addition of a broadcasting aerial at the top of the tower in 1957 , it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by 5.2 metres ( 17 ft ) . Excluding transmitters , the Eiffel Tower is the second tallest free-standing structure in France after the Millau Viaduct . The tower has three levels for visitors , with restaurants on the first and second levels . The top level 's upper platform is 276 m ( 906 ft ) above the ground - the highest observation deck accessible to the public in the European Union .
Alexandre Gustave Eiffel ( born Bonickhausen dit Eiffel ; /ˈaɪfəl/ ; French pronunciation : ​ [ efɛl ] ; 15 December 1832 - 27 December 1923 ) was a French civil engineer and architect . A graduate of the prestigious École Centrale des Arts et Manufactures of France , he made his name with various bridges for the French railway network , most famously the Garabit viaduct . He is best known for the world-famous Eiffel Tower , built for the 1889 Universal Exposition in Paris , and his contribution to building the Statue of Liberty in New York . After his retirement from engineering , Eiffel focused on research into meteorology and aerodynamics , making significant contributions in both fields .
The Austrian Postal Savings Bank building ( German language : Österreichische Postsparkasse ) is a famous building in Vienna , designed and built by the architect Otto Wagner . The building is regarded as an important work of Vienna Secession , branch of Art Nouveau . It was constructed between 1904 and 1906 using then completely new reinforced concrete , and was opened on 17 December 1906 . Extension was added between 1910 and 1912 . The building houses the headquarters of the Österreichische Postsparkasse ( P.S.K . ) bank , formerly the k.k . Postsparcassen-Amt ( Imperial-Royal Postal Savings Office ) . It is located at Georg-Coch-Platz 2 , in the first district Innere Stadt , next to the Ringstraße boulevard .
Otto Koloman Wagner ( German : [ ˈʔɔto ˈvaːɡnɐ ] ( listen ) ; 13 July 1841 - 11 April 1918 ) was an Austrian architect and urban planner . He was a leading member of the Vienna Secession movement of architecture , founded in 1897 , and the broader Art Nouveau movement . All of his works are found in his native city of Vienna , and illustrate the rapid evolution of architecture during the period . His early works were inspired by classical architecture . By mid-1890s , he had already designed several buildings in what became known as the Vienna Secession style . Beginning in 1898 , with his designs of Vienna Metro stations , his style became floral and Art Nouveau , with decoration by Koloman Moser . His later works , 1906 until his death in 1918 , had geometric forms and minimal ornament , clearly expressed their function . They are considered predecessors to modern architecture .
The Stockholm City Hall ( Swedish : Stockholms stadshus or Stadshuset locally ) is the building of the Municipal Council for the City of Stockholm in Sweden . It stands on the eastern tip of Kungsholmen island , next to Riddarfjärden 's northern shore and facing the islands of Riddarholmen and Södermalm . It houses offices and conference rooms as well as ceremonial halls , and the luxury restaurant Stadshuskällaren . It is the venue of the Nobel Prize banquet and is one of Stockholm 's major tourist attractions .
Ragnar Östberg ( 14 July 1866 - 5 February 1945 ) was a Swedish architect who is best known for designing Stockholm City Hall .
Helsinki Central Station ( Finnish : Helsingin päärautatieasema , Swedish : Helsingfors centralstation ) ( HEC ) is the main station for commuter rail and long-distance trains departing from Helsinki , Finland . The station is used by approximately 400,000 people per day , of which about 200,000 are passengers . It serves as the terminus for all trains in the Helsinki commuter rail network , as well as for all Helsinki-bound long-distance trains in Finland . The Central Railway Station metro station is located in the same building . The station building was designed by Eliel Saarinen and inaugurated in 1919 . Helsinki Central was chosen as one of the world 's most beautiful railway stations by BBC in 2013 .
Gottlieb Eliel Saarinen ( /ˈsɑːrɪnən/ , Finnish : [ ˈeliel ˈsɑːrinen ] ; August 20 , 1873 - July 1 , 1950 ) was a Finnish-American architect known for his work with art nouveau buildings in the early years of the 20th century . He was the father of Eero Saarinen .
The Peace Palace ( Dutch : Vredespaleis ; pronounced [ ˈvreːdəspaˌlɛis ] ) is an international law administrative building in The Hague , the Netherlands . It houses the International Court of Justice ( which is the principal judicial body of the United Nations ) , the Permanent Court of Arbitration ( PCA ) , The Hague Academy of International Law and the Peace Palace Library . The Palace officially opened on 28 August 1913 , and was originally built to provide a home for the PCA , a court created to end war by the Hague Convention of 1899 . Andrew Dickson White , whose efforts were instrumental in creating the court , secured from Scottish-American steel magnate Andrew Carnegie US $ 1.5 million ( $ 40,000,000 , adjusted for inflation ) to build the Peace Palace . The European Heritage Label was awarded to the Peace Palace on 8 April 2014 .
Louis Marie Cordonnier ( July 7 , 1854 , Haubourdin , Nord - 1940 ) was a French architect , born in Haubourdin and associated principally with Lille and the French Flanders region .
The Tribune Tower is a neo-Gothic skyscraper located at 435 North Michigan Avenue in Chicago , Illinois , United States . Built between 1923 and 1925 , the international design competition for the tower became an historic event in 20th century architecture . The tower was the home of the Chicago Tribune , Tribune Media , and Tribune Publishing . WGN Radio ( 720 kHz ) originated broadcasts from the building until moving to 303 Wacker Drive in June , 2018 . The last WGN Radio broadcast emanated from the Tribune Tower on June 18 , 2018 . The ground level houses the large restaurant Howells & Hood ( named for the building 's architects ) , whose patio overlooks nearby Pioneer Court and Michigan Avenue . CNN 's Chicago bureau was also located in the building . It is listed as a Chicago Landmark and is a contributing property to the Michigan-Wacker Historic District . The original Tribune Tower was built in 1868 , but was destroyed in the Great Chicago Fire in 1871 . In early 2018 , work began on converting the entire office building into condominiums , expected to be completed by 2020 .
John Mead Howells , FAIA ( /ˈhaʊəlz/ ; August 14 , 1868 - September 22 , 1959 ) , was an American architect .
Raymond Mathewson Hood ( March 29 , 1881 - August 14 , 1934 ) was an American architect who worked in the Art Deco style .
The League of Nations , abbreviated as LN or LoN , ( French : Société des Nations [ sɔsjete de nɑsjɔ̃ ] , abbreviated as SDN or SdN and meaning Society of Nations ) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace . It was founded on 10 January 1920 following the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War ; in 1919 US President Woodrow Wilson won the Nobel Peace Prize for his role as the leading architect of the League . The organisation 's primary goals , as stated in its Covenant , included preventing wars through collective security and disarmament and settling international disputes through negotiation and arbitration . Other issues in this and related treaties included labour conditions , just treatment of native inhabitants , human and drug trafficking , the arms trade , global health , prisoners of war , and protection of minorities in Europe . The Covenant of the League of Nations was signed on 28 June 1919 as Part I of the Treaty of Versailles , and it became effective together with the rest of the Treaty on 10 January 1920 . The first meeting of the Council of the League took place on 16 January 1920 , and the first meeting of Assembly of the League took place on 15 November 1920 . The diplomatic philosophy behind the League represented a fundamental shift from the preceding hundred years . The League lacked its own armed force and depended on the victorious First World War Allies ( France , the United Kingdom , Italy and Japan were the permanent members of the Executive Council ) to enforce its resolutions , keep to its economic sanctions , or provide an army when needed . The Great Powers were often reluctant to do so . Sanctions could hurt League members , so they were reluctant to comply with them . During the Second Italo-Abyssinian War , when the League accused Italian soldiers of targeting Red Cross medical tents , Benito Mussolini responded that the League is very well when sparrows shout , but no good at all when eagles fall out . At its greatest extent from 28 September 1934 to 23 February 1935 , it had 58 members .
The Russian State Library ( Russian : Российская государственная библиотека ) is the national library of Russia , located in Moscow . It is the largest in the country and the fifth largest in the world for its collection of books ( 17.5 million ) . It was named the V. I. Lenin State Library of the USSR from 1925 until it was renamed in 1992 as the Russian State Library . The library has over 275 km of shelves with more than 43 million items , including over 17 million books and serial volumes , 13 million journals , 350 thousand music scores and sound records , 150,000 maps and others . There are items in 247 languages of the world , the foreign part representing about 29 percent of the entire collection . Between 1922 and 1991 at least one copy of every book published in the USSR was deposited with the library , a practice which continues in a similar method today , with the library designated by law as a legal deposit library .
Vladimir Alekseyevich Shchuko ( Russian : Влади́мир Алексе́евич Щуко́ , IPA : [ ɕːʉˈko ] ; October 17 , 1878 - January 19 , 1939 ) was a Russian architect , member of the Saint Petersburg school of Russian neoclassical revival notable for his giant order apartment buildings rejecting all trace of the moderne . After the Russian Revolution of 1917 Shchuko gradually embraced modernist ideas , developing his own version of modernized neoclassicism together with his partner Vladimir Gelfreikh . Shchuko and Gelfreikh succeeded through the prewar period of Stalinist architecture with high-profile projects like the Lenin Library , Moscow Metro stations and co-authored the unrealized Palace of Soviets . Shchuko was also a prolific stage designer , author of 43 drama and opera stage sets .
The Anzac Memorial is a heritage-listed war memorial , museum and monument located in Hyde Park South , near Liverpool Street , in the Sydney central business district , in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales , Australia . The Art Deco monument was designed by C. Bruce Dellit , with the exterior adorned with monumental figural reliefs and sculptures by Rayner Hoff , and built from 1932 to 1934 by Kell & Rigby . It is also known as Anzac War Memorial , War Memorial Hyde Park and Hyde Park Memorial . The NSW Government-owned property was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 23 April 2010 . The memorial is the focus of commemoration ceremonies on Anzac Day , Remembrance Day and other important occasions . It was built as a memorial to the Australian Imperial Force of World War I . Fund raising for a memorial began on 25 April 1916 , the first anniversary of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps ( ANZAC ) landing at Anzac Cove for the Battle of Gallipoli . It was opened on 24 November 1934 by Prince Henry , Duke of Gloucester and , in 2018 , major refurbishments were completed .
Charles Bruce Dellit ( 7 November 1898 - 21 August 1942 ) was an Australian architect who pioneered the Art Deco style in Australia . He was generally known as Bruce Dellit .
Roma Termini ( in Italian , Stazione Termini ) ( IATA : XRJ ) is the main railway station of Rome , Italy . It is named after the district of the same name , which in turn took its name from ancient Baths of Diocletian ( in Latin , thermae ) , which lie across the street from the main entrance .