employment status of scientists and engineers with u.s. doctoral degrees, by sex, ethnicity, race, and citizenship: 2010
Table:
sex, ethnicity, race, and citizenship
total
in labor force
not in labor force

all
working for pay or profit
unemployeda
all
retired
not working, not seeking work

all working
full time
part time

all u.s. seh doctorate holders
805500
88.1
86
76.1
9.9
2.1
11.9
10
1.9

sex

male
551700
87.7
85.7
77.9
7.8
2
12.3
11.5
0.8

female
253700
88.9
86.8
72.4
14.4
2.1
11.1
6.7
4.3

ethnicity and race

hispanic or latino
25800
93
91.1
81.8
8.9
1.9
7
5
1.9

not hispanic or latino
779700
87.9
85.9
76
9.9
2.1
12.1
10.2
1.9

american indian or alaska native
1700
88.2
88.2
76.5
11.8
d
5.9
d
d

asian
147500
93.6
91.3
86.4
4.7
2.3
6.4
4.7
1.7

black or african american
24500
93.9
91
80.4
11
2.4
6.1
4.9
1.2

native hawaiian or other pacific islander
900
88.9
88.9
77.8
11.1
d
11.1
d
11.1

white
596300
86.2
84.2
73.1
11.1
2
13.8
11.8
1.9

more than one race
8800
93.2
89.8
79.5
10.2
2.3
6.8
4.5
2.3

citizenship

u.s. citizen or permanent resident
775300
87.7
85.6
75.4
10.2
2.1
12.3
10.4
1.9

temporary visa holder
30200
98.3
97.4
95.4
2
1
1.7
d
1.3

Give a concise answer to this question supported by the table contents. Use the JSON format {"answer": ["YOUR ANSWER"]}. When several items apply, list them comma-separated. Here is the table caption: 'employment status of scientists and engineers with u.s. doctoral degrees, by sex, ethnicity, race, and citizenship: 2010'. Answer the following table-based question: Which gender's seh doctorate holders were less likely than to be employed full time in 2010, male or female?

{"answer": ["female"]}