Hoover is usually ranked lower than average among U.S. presidents. Delegates to the 1928 Democratic National Convention nominated New York Governor Alfred E. Smith, who was described by Smith ally Franklin D. Roosevelt as 'the Happy Warrior of the political battlefield.' Hoover campaigned for efficiency and the Republican record of prosperity. Delegates to the 1928 Democratic National Convention nominated New York Governor Alfred E. Smith, who was described by Smith ally Franklin D. Roosevelt as 'the Happy Warrior of the political battlefield.' Hoover campaigned for efficiency and the Republican record of prosperity. Smith ran on his record of efficiency earned over four terms as governor. Both candidates were pro-business, and each promised to improve conditions for farmers, reform immigration laws, and maintain America's isolationist foreign policy. Hoover shared this belief, and he sought to avoid a budget deficit through greatly increased tax rates on the wealthy.
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