Ferns and fern friends such as horsetails and clubmosses do not produce seeds like flowering plants, but instead bear one-celled spores. Structures develop from these microscopic spores that result in a new fern, horsetail, or clubmoss plant. Fern spores are usually in small clusters called sori, located on the underside of a fern leaf blade. The characteristic sori shapes (round, elongate, etc.) along with fern size and how finely a leaf blade is divided into smaller and smaller segments, are useful in identifying the island's nearly thirty different fern species.
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