Waterton-Glacier is home to the oldest exposed sedimentary rock in the entire Rocky Mountain chain – 1.6 billion years old! The varied colors of the rock in the mountains, including the reds, greens and maroons are the result of small amounts of various iron minerals. The mountains of Waterton-Glacier are a result of one major fault and many minor ones, instead of many major and minor faults often found in mountain ranges, such as the front ranges of Banff and Jasper National Parks in Alberta. The fault extends from south of Marias Pass north 348 miles (560 km) to Banff NP, thrust in a northeasterly direction and coming to rest after millions of years. Most of the horizontal displacement occurred in the Waterton-Glacier area.