The effects of wolf restoration on elk abundance have contributed to economic loss to businesses and communities that benefit from ungulate hunting (e.g., hotels; stores; restaurants). However, wolf restoration has contributed substantially to local economies through wildlife viewing related tourism. Why do people hunt wolves? Hunting is a traditional use of wildlife in American culture and plays a role in managing wildlife populations. While hunting is not permitted in Yellowstone National Park, the National Park Service recognizes the role of hunting in areas outside the park as part of wildlife management and conservation programs administered by the states.