Background: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi vary across many environmental gradients. Their tolerance to freezing and drying is known to shift between AM fungal taxa. AM fungi become less prevalent and diverse at higher soil nutrient and moisture concentrations, presumably because both plants allocate less carbon to AM fungi and AM fungi reallocate their resources to intraradical hyphae in these environmental conditions. Over the long term, these environmental conditions can even create local adaptation between plant hosts, AM fungi and the local soil nutrient concentrations.

Situation: Hill town had two large forests nearby. Lake forest had trees that were in a symbiotic relationship with a large variety of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These fungi were less prevalent  in Brook forest.

Question: Which forest had a lower diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi?
Answer: Brook

Situation: Hill town had two large forests nearby. Lake forest had trees that were in a symbiotic relationship with a large variety of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These fungi were less prevalent  in Brook forest.

Question: Which forest had a greater diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi?
Answer: Lake

Situation: Hill town had two large forests nearby. Lake forest had trees that were in a symbiotic relationship with a large variety of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These fungi were less prevalent  in Brook forest.

Question: Which forest had a higher soil nutrient concentration?
Answer: Brook

Situation: Hill town had two large forests nearby. Lake forest had trees that were in a symbiotic relationship with a large variety of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These fungi were less prevalent  in Brook forest.

Question: Which forest had a lower soil nutrient concentration?
Answer: Lake

Situation: Hill town had two large forests nearby. Lake forest had trees that were in a symbiotic relationship with a large variety of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These fungi were less prevalent  in Brook forest.

Question: Which forest had a lower soil moisture concentration?
Answer: Lake

Situation: Hill town had two large forests nearby. Lake forest had trees that were in a symbiotic relationship with a large variety of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These fungi were less prevalent  in Brook forest.

Question: Which forest had a higher soil moisture concentration?
Answer: Brook

Situation: Hill town had two large forests nearby. Lake forest had trees that were in a symbiotic relationship with a large variety of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These fungi were less prevalent  in Brook forest.

Question: Which forest had plants that allocate less carbon to AM fungi?
Answer: Brook

Situation: Hill town had two large forests nearby. Lake forest had trees that were in a symbiotic relationship with a large variety of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These fungi were less prevalent  in Brook forest.

Question: Which forest had plants that allocate more carbon to AM fungi?
Answer: Lake

Situation: Hill town had two large forests nearby. Lake forest had trees that were in a symbiotic relationship with a large variety of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These fungi were less prevalent  in Brook forest.

Question: Which forest had more AM fungi which reallocate their resources to intraradical hyphae?
Answer: Brook

Situation: Hill town had two large forests nearby. Lake forest had trees that were in a symbiotic relationship with a large variety of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These fungi were less prevalent  in Brook forest.

Question: Which forest had fewer AM fungi which reallocate their resources to intraradical hyphae?
Answer: Lake

Situation: Carrie bought two parcels of farmland. The Northern one had soil with lots of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, while the Southern parcel  had almost no traces of AM fungi.

Question: Which parcel had more species of AM fungi in its soil?
Answer: Northern

Situation: Carrie bought two parcels of farmland. The Northern one had soil with lots of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, while the Southern parcel  had almost no traces of AM fungi.

Question: Which parcel had fewer species of AM fungi in its soil?
Answer: Southern

Situation: Carrie bought two parcels of farmland. The Northern one had soil with lots of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, while the Southern parcel  had almost no traces of AM fungi.

Question: Which parcel had a higher soil nutrient content?
Answer: Southern

Situation: Carrie bought two parcels of farmland. The Northern one had soil with lots of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, while the Southern parcel  had almost no traces of AM fungi.

Question: Which parcel had a lower soil nutrient content?
Answer: Northern

Situation: Carrie bought two parcels of farmland. The Northern one had soil with lots of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, while the Southern parcel  had almost no traces of AM fungi.

Question: Which parcel had a lower soil moisture content?
Answer: Northern

Situation: Carrie bought two parcels of farmland. The Northern one had soil with lots of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, while the Southern parcel  had almost no traces of AM fungi.

Question: Which parcel had a higher soil moisture content?
Answer: Southern

Situation: Carrie bought two parcels of farmland. The Northern one had soil with lots of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, while the Southern parcel  had almost no traces of AM fungi.

Question: Which parcel had plants allocating less carbon to AM fungi?
Answer: Southern

Situation: Carrie bought two parcels of farmland. The Northern one had soil with lots of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, while the Southern parcel  had almost no traces of AM fungi.

Question: Which parcel had plants allocating more carbon to AM fungi?
Answer: Northern

Situation: Carrie bought two parcels of farmland. The Northern one had soil with lots of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, while the Southern parcel  had almost no traces of AM fungi.

Question: Which parcel had AM fungi reallocate more resources to intraradical hyphae?
Answer: Southern

Situation: Carrie bought two parcels of farmland. The Northern one had soil with lots of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, while the Southern parcel  had almost no traces of AM fungi.

Question: Which parcel had AM fungi reallocate fewer resources to intraradical hyphae?
Answer: Southern

Situation: Greg and Paul were two neighbors. They were both into mycology. Greg researched AM fungi, while Paul studied other types of mycorrhizal fungi.

Question: Which researcher learned more about the prevalence of AM fungi at higher soil nutrient concentrations?
Answer: Greg

Situation: Greg and Paul were two neighbors. They were both into mycology. Greg researched AM fungi, while Paul studied other types of mycorrhizal fungi.

Question: Which researcher learned less about the prevalence of AM fungi at higher soil nutrient concentrations?
Answer: Paul

Situation: Greg and Paul were two neighbors. They were both into mycology. Greg researched AM fungi, while Paul studied other types of mycorrhizal fungi.

Question: Which researcher learned less about the prevalence of AM fungi at lower soil nutrient concentrations?
Answer: Paul

Situation: Greg and Paul were two neighbors. They were both into mycology. Greg researched AM fungi, while Paul studied other types of mycorrhizal fungi.

Question: Which researcher learned more about the prevalence of AM fungi at lower soil nutrient concentrations?
Answer: Greg

Situation: Greg and Paul were two neighbors. They were both into mycology. Greg researched AM fungi, while Paul studied other types of mycorrhizal fungi.

Question: Which researcher learned more about the prevalence of AM fungi at lower soil moisture concentrations?
Answer: Greg

Situation: Greg and Paul were two neighbors. They were both into mycology. Greg researched AM fungi, while Paul studied other types of mycorrhizal fungi.

Question: Which researcher learned less about the prevalence of AM fungi at lower soil moisture concentrations?
Answer: Paul

Situation: Greg and Paul were two neighbors. They were both into mycology. Greg researched AM fungi, while Paul studied other types of mycorrhizal fungi.

Question: Which researcher learned less about plants allocating less carbon to AM fungi?
Answer: Paul

Situation: Greg and Paul were two neighbors. They were both into mycology. Greg researched AM fungi, while Paul studied other types of mycorrhizal fungi.

Question: Which researcher learned more about plants allocating less carbon to AM fungi?
Answer: Greg

Situation: Greg and Paul were two neighbors. They were both into mycology. Greg researched AM fungi, while Paul studied other types of mycorrhizal fungi.

Question: Which researcher learned more about AM fungi reallocating their resources to intraradical hyphae?
Answer: Greg

Situation: Greg and Paul were two neighbors. They were both into mycology. Greg researched AM fungi, while Paul studied other types of mycorrhizal fungi.

Question: Which researcher learned less about AM fungi reallocating their resources to intraradical hyphae?
Answer: Paul