Background: Reptiles are a class of animals comprising turtles, tuataras, lizards, snakes and crocodiles. They are tetrapods, but the snakes and a few species of lizard either have no limbs or their limbs are much reduced in size. Their bones are better ossified and their skeletons stronger than those of amphibians. The teeth are conical and mostly uniform in size. The surface cells of the epidermis are modified into horny scales which create a waterproof layer. Reptiles are unable to use their skin for respiration as do amphibians and have a more efficient respiratory system drawing air into their lungs by expanding their chest walls. The heart resembles that of the amphibian but there is a septum which more completely separates the oxygenated and deoxygenated bloodstreams. The reproductive system has evolved for internal fertilization, with a copulatory organ present in most species. The eggs are surrounded by amniotic membranes which prevents them from drying out and are laid on land, or develop internally in some species. The bladder is small as nitrogenous waste is excreted as uric acid.Turtles are notable for their protective shells. They have an inflexible trunk encased in a horny carapace above and a plastron below. These are formed from bony plates embedded in the dermis which are overlain by horny ones and are partially fused with the ribs and spine. The neck is long and flexible and the head and the legs can be drawn back inside the shell. Turtles are vegetarians and the typical reptile teeth have been replaced by sharp, horny plates. In aquatic species, the front legs are modified into flippers.Tuataras superficially resemble lizards but the lineages diverged in the Triassic period. There is one living species, Sphenodon punctatus. The skull has two openings (fenestrae) on either side and the jaw is rigidly attached to the skull. There is one row of teeth in the lower jaw and this fits between the two rows in the upper jaw when the animal chews. The teeth are merely projections of bony material from the jaw and eventually wear down. The brain and heart are more primitive than those of other reptiles, and the lungs have a single chamber and lack bronchi. The tuatara has a well-developed parietal eye on its forehead.Lizards have skulls with only one fenestra on each side, the lower bar of bone below the second fenestra having been lost. This results in the jaws being less rigidly attached which allows the mouth to open wider. Lizards are mostly quadrupeds, with the trunk held off the ground by short, sideways-facing legs, but a few species have no limbs and resemble snakes. Lizards have moveable eyelids, eardrums are present and some species have a central parietal eye.Snakes are closely related to lizards, having branched off from a common ancestral lineage during the Cretaceous period, and they share many of the same features. The skeleton consists of a skull, a hyoid bone, spine and ribs though a few species retain a vestige of the pelvis and rear limbs in the form of pelvic spurs. The bar under the second fenestra has also been lost and the jaws have extreme flexibility allowing the snake to swallow its prey whole. Snakes lack moveable eyelids, the eyes being covered by transparent "spectacle" scales. They do not have eardrums but can detect ground vibrations through the bones of their skull. Their forked tongues are used as organs of taste and smell and some species have sensory pits on their heads enabling them to locate warm-blooded prey.Crocodilians are large, low-slung aquatic reptiles with long snouts and large numbers of teeth. The head and trunk are dorso-ventrally flattened and the tail is laterally compressed. It undulates from side to side to force the animal through the water when swimming. The tough keratinized scales provide body armour and some are fused to the skull. The nostrils, eyes and ears are elevated above the top of the flat head enabling them to remain above the surface of the water when the animal is floating. Valves seal the nostrils and ears when it is submerged. Unlike other reptiles, crocodilians have hearts with four chambers allowing complete separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

Situation: Two animal collectors met online to talk about trading animals. Greg was a reptile collector and owned most reptile species. Danny collected rare birds but was thinking about buying some reptiles.

Question: Which person owned more turtles?
Answer: Greg

Situation: Two animal collectors met online to talk about trading animals. Greg was a reptile collector and owned most reptile species. Danny collected rare birds but was thinking about buying some reptiles.

Question: Which person owned fewer turtles?
Answer: Danny

Situation: Two animal collectors met online to talk about trading animals. Greg was a reptile collector and owned most reptile species. Danny collected rare birds but was thinking about buying some reptiles.

Question: Which person owned fewer crocodiles?
Answer: Danny

Situation: Two animal collectors met online to talk about trading animals. Greg was a reptile collector and owned most reptile species. Danny collected rare birds but was thinking about buying some reptiles.

Question: Which person owned more crocodiles?
Answer: Greg

Situation: Two animal collectors met online to talk about trading animals. Greg was a reptile collector and owned most reptile species. Danny collected rare birds but was thinking about buying some reptiles.

Question: Which person owned more lizards?
Answer: Greg

Situation: Two animal collectors met online to talk about trading animals. Greg was a reptile collector and owned most reptile species. Danny collected rare birds but was thinking about buying some reptiles.

Question: Which person owned no lizards?
Answer: Danny

Situation: Two animal collectors met online to talk about trading animals. Greg was a reptile collector and owned most reptile species. Danny collected rare birds but was thinking about buying some reptiles.

Question: Which person owned fewer snakes?
Answer: Danny

Situation: Two animal collectors met online to talk about trading animals. Greg was a reptile collector and owned most reptile species. Danny collected rare birds but was thinking about buying some reptiles.

Question: Which person owned more snakes?
Answer: Greg

Situation: Two animal collectors met online to talk about trading animals. Greg was a reptile collector and owned most reptile species. Danny collected rare birds but was thinking about buying some reptiles.

Question: Which person owned more animals with a reproductive system that has evolved for internal fertilization?
Answer: Greg

Situation: Two animal collectors met online to talk about trading animals. Greg was a reptile collector and owned most reptile species. Danny collected rare birds but was thinking about buying some reptiles.

Question: Which person owned fewer animals with a reproductive system that has evolved for internal fertilization?
Answer: Danny

Situation: An archipelago in the Indian ocean included two very different islands. Snake island was a reptile paradise, inhabited by many species of reptiles. Bird island had few reptiles on it, but had various birds inhabiting it.

Question: Which island was inhabited by more turtles?
Answer: Snake

Situation: An archipelago in the Indian ocean included two very different islands. Snake island was a reptile paradise, inhabited by many species of reptiles. Bird island had few reptiles on it, but had various birds inhabiting it.

Question: Which island was inhabited by fewer turtles?
Answer: Bird

Situation: An archipelago in the Indian ocean included two very different islands. Snake island was a reptile paradise, inhabited by many species of reptiles. Bird island had few reptiles on it, but had various birds inhabiting it.

Question: Which island was inhabited by fewer tuataras?
Answer: Bird

Situation: An archipelago in the Indian ocean included two very different islands. Snake island was a reptile paradise, inhabited by many species of reptiles. Bird island had few reptiles on it, but had various birds inhabiting it.

Question: Which island was inhabited by more tuataras?
Answer: Snake

Situation: An archipelago in the Indian ocean included two very different islands. Snake island was a reptile paradise, inhabited by many species of reptiles. Bird island had few reptiles on it, but had various birds inhabiting it.

Question: Which island was inhabited by more lizards?
Answer: Snake

Situation: An archipelago in the Indian ocean included two very different islands. Snake island was a reptile paradise, inhabited by many species of reptiles. Bird island had few reptiles on it, but had various birds inhabiting it.

Question: Which island was inhabited by fewer lizards?
Answer: Bird

Situation: An archipelago in the Indian ocean included two very different islands. Snake island was a reptile paradise, inhabited by many species of reptiles. Bird island had few reptiles on it, but had various birds inhabiting it.

Question: Which island was inhabited by fewer snakes?
Answer: Bird

Situation: An archipelago in the Indian ocean included two very different islands. Snake island was a reptile paradise, inhabited by many species of reptiles. Bird island had few reptiles on it, but had various birds inhabiting it.

Question: Which island was inhabited by more snakes?
Answer: Snake

Situation: An archipelago in the Indian ocean included two very different islands. Snake island was a reptile paradise, inhabited by many species of reptiles. Bird island had few reptiles on it, but had various birds inhabiting it.

Question: Which island was inhabited by more crocodiles?
Answer: Snake

Situation: An archipelago in the Indian ocean included two very different islands. Snake island was a reptile paradise, inhabited by many species of reptiles. Bird island had few reptiles on it, but had various birds inhabiting it.

Question: Which island was inhabited by fewer crocodiles?
Answer: Bird

Situation: Two continents were known for the strange discrepancies in animal populations. Asia was mostly populated by reptiles of all species, while Africa was mostly populated by birds and very few reptiles.

Question: Which continent was inhabited by more turtles?
Answer: Asia

Situation: Two continents were known for the strange discrepancies in animal populations. Asia was mostly populated by reptiles of all species, while Africa was mostly populated by birds and very few reptiles.

Question: Which continent was inhabited by fewer turtles?
Answer: Africa

Situation: Two continents were known for the strange discrepancies in animal populations. Asia was mostly populated by reptiles of all species, while Africa was mostly populated by birds and very few reptiles.

Question: Which continent was inhabited by fewer snakes?
Answer: Africa

Situation: Two continents were known for the strange discrepancies in animal populations. Asia was mostly populated by reptiles of all species, while Africa was mostly populated by birds and very few reptiles.

Question: Which continent was inhabited by more snakes?
Answer: Asia

Situation: Two continents were known for the strange discrepancies in animal populations. Asia was mostly populated by reptiles of all species, while Africa was mostly populated by birds and very few reptiles.

Question: Which continent was inhabited by more tuataras?
Answer: Asia

Situation: Two continents were known for the strange discrepancies in animal populations. Asia was mostly populated by reptiles of all species, while Africa was mostly populated by birds and very few reptiles.

Question: Which continent was inhabited by fewer tuataras?
Answer: Africa

Situation: Two continents were known for the strange discrepancies in animal populations. Asia was mostly populated by reptiles of all species, while Africa was mostly populated by birds and very few reptiles.

Question: Which continent was inhabited by fewer lizards?
Answer: Africa

Situation: Two continents were known for the strange discrepancies in animal populations. Asia was mostly populated by reptiles of all species, while Africa was mostly populated by birds and very few reptiles.

Question: Which continent was inhabited by more lizards?
Answer: Asia

Situation: Two continents were known for the strange discrepancies in animal populations. Asia was mostly populated by reptiles of all species, while Africa was mostly populated by birds and very few reptiles.

Question: Which continent was inhabited by more crocodiles?
Answer: Asia

Situation: Two continents were known for the strange discrepancies in animal populations. Asia was mostly populated by reptiles of all species, while Africa was mostly populated by birds and very few reptiles.

Question: Which continent was inhabited by fewer crocodiles?
Answer: Africa

Situation: Team A and Team B were two teams of students studying zoology. Team A learned about reptiles, while Team B studied more about amphibians.

Question: Which team learned more about turtles?
Answer: Team A

Situation: Team A and Team B were two teams of students studying zoology. Team A learned about reptiles, while Team B studied more about amphibians.

Question: Which team learned less about turtles?
Answer: Team B

Situation: Team A and Team B were two teams of students studying zoology. Team A learned about reptiles, while Team B studied more about amphibians.

Question: Which team learned less about tuataras?
Answer: Team B

Situation: Team A and Team B were two teams of students studying zoology. Team A learned about reptiles, while Team B studied more about amphibians.

Question: Which team learned more about tuataras?
Answer: Team A

Situation: Team A and Team B were two teams of students studying zoology. Team A learned about reptiles, while Team B studied more about amphibians.

Question: Which team learned more about lizards?
Answer: Team A

Situation: Team A and Team B were two teams of students studying zoology. Team A learned about reptiles, while Team B studied more about amphibians.

Question: Which team learned less about lizards?
Answer: Team B

Situation: Team A and Team B were two teams of students studying zoology. Team A learned about reptiles, while Team B studied more about amphibians.

Question: Which team learned less about snakes?
Answer: Team B

Situation: Team A and Team B were two teams of students studying zoology. Team A learned about reptiles, while Team B studied more about amphibians.

Question: Which team learned more about snakes?
Answer: Team A

Situation: Team A and Team B were two teams of students studying zoology. Team A learned about reptiles, while Team B studied more about amphibians.

Question: Which team learned more about crocodiles?
Answer: Team A

Situation: Team A and Team B were two teams of students studying zoology. Team A learned about reptiles, while Team B studied more about amphibians.

Question: Which team learned less about crocodiles?
Answer: Team B

Situation: Two large islands from the same archipelago were visited by explorers. Green island was home to most species of reptiles, while Blue island was favored by numerous species of birds and hardly any reptiles.

Question: Which island was inhabited by more turtles?
Answer: Green

Situation: Two large islands from the same archipelago were visited by explorers. Green island was home to most species of reptiles, while Blue island was favored by numerous species of birds and hardly any reptiles.

Question: Which island was inhabited by fewer turtles?
Answer: Blue

Situation: Two large islands from the same archipelago were visited by explorers. Green island was home to most species of reptiles, while Blue island was favored by numerous species of birds and hardly any reptiles.

Question: Which island was inhabited by fewer tuataras?
Answer: Blue

Situation: Two large islands from the same archipelago were visited by explorers. Green island was home to most species of reptiles, while Blue island was favored by numerous species of birds and hardly any reptiles.

Question: Which island was inhabited by more tuataras?
Answer: Green

Situation: Two large islands from the same archipelago were visited by explorers. Green island was home to most species of reptiles, while Blue island was favored by numerous species of birds and hardly any reptiles.

Question: Which island was inhabited by more lizards?
Answer: Green

Situation: Two large islands from the same archipelago were visited by explorers. Green island was home to most species of reptiles, while Blue island was favored by numerous species of birds and hardly any reptiles.

Question: Which island was inhabited by fewer lizards?
Answer: Blue

Situation: Two large islands from the same archipelago were visited by explorers. Green island was home to most species of reptiles, while Blue island was favored by numerous species of birds and hardly any reptiles.

Question: Which island was inhabited by fewer large, low-slung aquatic reptiles with long snouts?
Answer: Blue

Situation: Two large islands from the same archipelago were visited by explorers. Green island was home to most species of reptiles, while Blue island was favored by numerous species of birds and hardly any reptiles.

Question: Which island was inhabited by more large, low-slung aquatic reptiles with long snouts?
Answer: Green

Situation: Two large islands from the same archipelago were visited by explorers. Green island was home to most species of reptiles, while Blue island was favored by numerous species of birds and hardly any reptiles.

Question: Which island was inhabited by more snakes?
Answer: Green

Situation: Two large islands from the same archipelago were visited by explorers. Green island was home to most species of reptiles, while Blue island was favored by numerous species of birds and hardly any reptiles.

Question: Which island was inhabited by fewer snakes?
Answer: Blue