Background: The theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed at about the same time by both Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace, shown in Figure below , and was set out in detail in Darwin's 1859 book On the Origin of Species . Natural selection is a process that causes heritable traits that are helpful for survival and reproduction to become more common, and harmful traits, or traits that are not helpful or advantageous for survival to become more rare in a population of organisms. This occurs because organisms with advantageous traits are more "fit" to survive in a particular environment and have "adapted" to the conditions of that environment. These individuals will have greater reproductive success than organisms less fit for survival in the environment. This will lead to an increase in the number of organisms with the advantageous trait(s) over time. Over many generations, adaptations occur through a combination of successive, small, random changes in traits, and natural selection of those variants best-suited for their environment. Natural selection is one of the cornerstones of modern biology.

Situation: The tree frogs range covers 2 different habitats, One has a lot of trees and the other a lot of tall green grass with few if any trees. Tree frogs can either be green or brown.

Question: Which color tree frog has an advantage living in grass?

Situation: The tree frogs range covers 2 different habitats, One has a lot of trees and the other a lot of tall green grass with few if any trees. Tree frogs can either be green or brown.

Question: Which color tree frog has an advantage living in trees?

Situation: The tree frogs range covers 2 different habitats, One has a lot of trees and the other a lot of tall green grass with few if any trees. Tree frogs can either be green or brown.

Question: Which color tree frog is easier for predators to spot on trees in trees?

Situation: The tree frogs range covers 2 different habitats, One has a lot of trees and the other a lot of tall green grass with few if any trees. Tree frogs can either be green or brown.

Question: Which color tree frog is easier for predators to spot on grass?

Situation: The tree frogs range covers 2 different habitats, One has a lot of trees and the other a lot of tall green grass with few if any trees. Tree frogs can either be green or brown.

Question: Where is being green an disadvantage?

Situation: The tree frogs range covers 2 different habitats, One has a lot of trees and the other a lot of tall green grass with few if any trees. Tree frogs can either be green or brown.

Question: Where is being green an advantage?

Situation: The tree frogs range covers 2 different habitats, One has a lot of trees and the other a lot of tall green grass with few if any trees. Tree frogs can either be green or brown.

Question: Where is being brown an advantage?

Situation: The tree frogs range covers 2 different habitats, One has a lot of trees and the other a lot of tall green grass with few if any trees. Tree frogs can either be green or brown.

Question: Where is being brown an disadvantage?

Situation: The tree frogs range covers 2 different habitats, One has a lot of trees and the other a lot of tall green grass with few if any trees. Tree frogs can either be green or brown.

Question: Where are brown tree frogs more common?

Situation: The tree frogs range covers 2 different habitats, One has a lot of trees and the other a lot of tall green grass with few if any trees. Tree frogs can either be green or brown.

Question: Where are green tree frogs more common?

Situation: John liked to sit in his yard and watch the birds and other animals. He was often amused by the antics of the squirrels. He especially liked to watch out for White squirrels. Unlike the grey ones that blended into the trees. The white ones were easy to spot. Still he rarely saw them.

Question: Are there more or fewer grey squirells?

Situation: John liked to sit in his yard and watch the birds and other animals. He was often amused by the antics of the squirrels. He especially liked to watch out for White squirrels. Unlike the grey ones that blended into the trees. The white ones were easy to spot. Still he rarely saw them.

Question: Are there more or fewer white squirells?

Situation: John liked to sit in his yard and watch the birds and other animals. He was often amused by the antics of the squirrels. He especially liked to watch out for White squirrels. Unlike the grey ones that blended into the trees. The white ones were easy to spot. Still he rarely saw them.

Question: Which squirell is well adapted to the environment?

Situation: John liked to sit in his yard and watch the birds and other animals. He was often amused by the antics of the squirrels. He especially liked to watch out for White squirrels. Unlike the grey ones that blended into the trees. The white ones were easy to spot. Still he rarely saw them.

Question: Which squirell is poorlyadapted to the environment?

Situation: John liked to sit in his yard and watch the birds and other animals. He was often amused by the antics of the squirrels. He especially liked to watch out for White squirrels. Unlike the grey ones that blended into the trees. The white ones were easy to spot. Still he rarely saw them.

Question: Which squirell is reproduces more?

Situation: John liked to sit in his yard and watch the birds and other animals. He was often amused by the antics of the squirrels. He especially liked to watch out for White squirrels. Unlike the grey ones that blended into the trees. The white ones were easy to spot. Still he rarely saw them.

Question: Which squirell is reproduces less?

Situation: John liked to sit in his yard and watch the birds and other animals. He was often amused by the antics of the squirrels. He especially liked to watch out for White squirrels. Unlike the grey ones that blended into the trees. The white ones were easy to spot. Still he rarely saw them.

Question: Which squirell a harmful trait?

Situation: John liked to sit in his yard and watch the birds and other animals. He was often amused by the antics of the squirrels. He especially liked to watch out for White squirrels. Unlike the grey ones that blended into the trees. The white ones were easy to spot. Still he rarely saw them.

Question: Which squirell a helpful trait?

Situation: John liked to sit in his yard and watch the birds and other animals. He was often amused by the antics of the squirrels. He especially liked to watch out for White squirrels. Unlike the grey ones that blended into the trees. The white ones were easy to spot. Still he rarely saw them.

Question: Which squirell will increase in numbers?

Situation: John liked to sit in his yard and watch the birds and other animals. He was often amused by the antics of the squirrels. He especially liked to watch out for White squirrels. Unlike the grey ones that blended into the trees. The white ones were easy to spot. Still he rarely saw them.

Question: Which squirell will decrease in numbers?

Situation: The peppered moth used to be a light color with black spots. Occasionally some were darker but they did not blend in well with the trees.When the atmosphere in London became filled with soot because of the Industrial Revolution, the white trees became darker and light colored moths became easier to see on the dark trees. After the Industrial Revolution the trees returned to their original color and light colored moths once again blended in with the trees.

Question: Which moth had an advantage before the Industrial Revolution?

Situation: The peppered moth used to be a light color with black spots. Occasionally some darker moths were born but they did not blend in well with the trees.When the atmosphere in London became filled with soot because of the Industrial Revolution, the white trees became darker and light colored moths became easier to see on the dark trees. After the Industrial Revolution the trees returned to their original color and light colored moths once again blended in with the trees.

Question: Which moth had a disadvantage before the Industrial Revolution?

Situation: The peppered moth used to be a light color with black spots. Occasionally some darker moths were born but they did not blend in well with the trees. When the atmosphere in London became filled with soot because of the Industrial Revolution, the white trees became darker and light colored moths became easier to see on the dark trees. After the Industrial Revolution the trees returned to their original color and light colored moths once again blended in with the trees.

Question: Which moth had a disadvantage during the Industrial Revolution?

Situation: The peppered moth used to be a light color with black spots. Occasionally some darker moths were born but they did not blend in well with the trees. When the atmosphere in London became filled with soot because of the Industrial Revolution, the white trees became darker and light colored moths became easier to see on the dark trees. After the Industrial Revolution the trees returned to their original color and light colored moths once again blended in with the trees.

Question: Which moth had an advantage during the Industrial Revolution?

Situation: The peppered moth used to be a light color with black spots. Occasionally some darker moths were born but they did not blend in well with the trees. When the atmosphere in London became filled with soot because of the Industrial Revolution, the white trees became darker and light colored moths became easier to see on the dark trees. After the Industrial Revolution the trees returned to their original color and light colored moths once again blended in with the trees.

Question: Which moth population increased during the Industrial Revolution?

Situation: The peppered moth used to be a light color with black spots. Occasionally some darker moths were born but they did not blend in well with the trees. When the atmosphere in London became filled with soot because of the Industrial Revolution, the white trees became darker and light colored moths became easier to see on the dark trees. After the Industrial Revolution the trees returned to their original color and light colored moths once again blended in with the trees.

Question: Which moth population increased before the Industrial Revolution?

Situation: The peppered moth used to be a light color with black spots. Occasionally some darker moths were born but they did not blend in well with the trees. When the atmosphere in London became filled with soot because of the Industrial Revolution, the white trees became darker and light colored moths became easier to see on the dark trees. After the Industrial Revolution the trees returned to their original color and light colored moths once again blended in with the trees.

Question: Which moth population increased after the Industrial Revolution?

Situation: The peppered moth used to be a light color with black spots. Occasionally some darker moths were born but they did not blend in well with the trees. When the atmosphere in London became filled with soot because of the Industrial Revolution, the white trees became darker and light colored moths became easier to see on the dark trees. After the Industrial Revolution the trees returned to their original color and light colored moths once again blended in with the trees.

Question: Which moth population decreased after the Industrial Revolution?

Situation: The peppered moth used to be a light color with black spots. Occasionally some darker moths were born but they did not blend in well with the trees. When the atmosphere in London became filled with soot because of the Industrial Revolution, the white trees became darker and light colored moths became easier to see on the dark trees. After the Industrial Revolution the trees returned to their original color and light colored moths once again blended in with the trees.

Question: Which moth population decreased before the Industrial Revolution?

Situation: The peppered moth used to be a light color with black spots. Occasionally some darker moths were born but they did not blend in well with the trees. When the atmosphere in London became filled with soot because of the Industrial Revolution, the white trees became darker and light colored moths became easier to see on the dark trees. After the Industrial Revolution the trees returned to their original color and light colored moths once again blended in with the trees.

Question: Which moth population decreased during the Industrial Revolution?

Situation: There are two kinds of tree frogs each is a different color. Grey tree frogs and green tree. Grey tree frogs live in wooded areas and are difficult to see when on tree trunks. Green tree frogs live in wetlands with lots of grass and tall plants. They blend in very well with the green plants and grass.

Question: What trait helps the grey tree frog blend into its environment?

Situation: There are two kinds of tree frogs each is a different color. Grey tree frogs and green tree. Grey tree frogs live in wooded areas and are difficult to see when on tree trunks. Green tree frogs live in wetlands with lots of grass and tall plants. They blend in very well with the green plants and grass.

Question: What trait helps the green tree frog blend into its environment?

Situation: There are two kinds of tree frogs each is a different color. Grey tree frogs and green tree. Grey tree frogs live in wooded areas and are difficult to see when on tree trunks. Green tree frogs live in wetlands with lots of grass and tall plants. They blend in very well with the green plants and grass.

Question: What habititat is the grey tree frog adapted to?

Situation: There are two kinds of tree frogs each is a different color. Grey tree frogs and green tree. Grey tree frogs live in wooded areas and are difficult to see when on tree trunks. Green tree frogs live in wetlands with lots of grass and tall plants. They blend in very well with the green plants and grass.

Question: What habititat is the green tree frog adapted to?

Situation: There are two kinds of tree frogs each is a different color. Grey tree frogs and green tree. Grey tree frogs live in wooded areas and are difficult to see when on tree trunks. Green tree frogs live in wetlands with lots of grass and tall plants. They blend in very well with the green plants and grass.

Question: Which habitat has more grey tree frogs?

Situation: There are two kinds of tree frogs each is a different color. Grey tree frogs and green tree. Grey tree frogs live in wooded areas and are difficult to see when on tree trunks. Green tree frogs live in wetlands with lots of grass and tall plants. They blend in very well with the green plants and grass.

Question: Which habitat has more green tree frogs?

Situation: There are two kinds of tree frogs each is a different color. Grey tree frogs and green tree. Grey tree frogs live in wooded areas and are difficult to see when on tree trunks. Green tree frogs live in wetlands with lots of grass and tall plants. They blend in very well with the green plants and grass.

Question: Which habitat has fewer green tree frogs?

Situation: There are two kinds of tree frogs each is a different color. Grey tree frogs and green tree. Grey tree frogs live in wooded areas and are difficult to see when on tree trunks. Green tree frogs live in wetlands with lots of grass and tall plants. They blend in very well with the green plants and grass.

Question: Which habitat has fewer grey tree frogs?

Situation: There are two kinds of tree frogs each is a different color. Grey tree frogs and green tree. Grey tree frogs live in wooded areas and are difficult to see when on tree trunks. Green tree frogs live in wetlands with lots of grass and tall plants. They blend in very well with the green plants and grass.

Question: Where are green tree frogs more susptable o predators?

Situation: There are two kinds of tree frogs each is a different color. Grey tree frogs and green tree. Grey tree frogs live in wooded areas and are difficult to see when on tree trunks. Green tree frogs live in wetlands with lots of grass and tall plants. They blend in very well with the green plants and grass.

Question: Where are gey tree frogs more susptable o predators?