allenai/ropes huggingface dataset:
Background: Another obvious change that occurs during puberty is rapid growth. This is called the adolescent growth spurt . In boys, it is controlled by testosterone. The rate of growth usually starts to increase relatively early in puberty. At its peak rate, growth in height is about 10 centimeters (almost 4 inches) per year in the average male. Growth generally remains rapid for several years. Growth and development of muscles occur toward the end of the growth spurt in height. Muscles may continue to develop and gain strength after growth in height is finished.

Situation: Jim and Bob were brothers. Their mom had just bought them both new cloths at the beginning of the school year. This had always last both brothers for the school year but Jim needed new clothes again. He had grown several inches.

Question: Who is older?

Situation: Jim and Bob were brothers. Their mom had just bought them both new cloths at the beginning of the school year. This had always last both brothers for the school year but Jim needed new clothes again. He had grown several inches.

Question: Who is younger?

Situation: Jim and Bob were brothers. Their mom had just bought them both new cloths at the beginning of the school year. This had always last both brothers for the school year but Jim needed new clothes again. He had grown several inches.

Question: Who is going through puberty?

Situation: Jim and Bob were brothers. Their mom had just bought them both new cloths at the beginning of the school year. This had always last both brothers for the school year but Jim needed new clothes again. He had grown several inches.

Question: Who is not going through puberty?

Situation: Jim and Bob were brothers. Their mom had just bought them both new cloths at the beginning of the school year. This had always last both brothers for the school year but Jim needed new clothes again. He had grown several inches.

Question: Who has a lower testosterone level?

Situation: Jim and Bob were brothers. Their mom had just bought them both new cloths at the beginning of the school year. This had always last both brothers for the school year but Jim needed new clothes again. He had grown several inches.

Question: Who has a higher testosterone level?
Background: In deep water, particles of water just move in circles. They don’t actually move closer to shore with the energy of the waves. However, near the shore where the water is shallow, the waves behave differently. Look at the Figure below . You can see how the waves start to drag on the bottom in shallow water. This creates friction that slows down the bottoms of the waves, while the tops of the waves keep moving at the same speed. The difference in speed causes the waves to get steeper until they topple over and break. The crashing waves carry water onto the shore as surf.

Situation: Bob had seen the ocean before but only from the shore. He had always associated the ocean with waves moving towards him. Now he was on a boat for the first time he was awed by how still the water appeared to be. His friend told him that the water moved in circles here.

Question: Was Bob in deep or shallow water?

Situation: Bob had seen the ocean before but only from the shore. He had always associated the ocean with waves moving towards him. Now he was on a boat for the first time he was awed by how still the water appeared to be. His friend told him that the water moved in circles here.

Question: What will start to drag as they move basck towards the shore??

Situation: Bob had seen the ocean before but only from the shore. He had always associated the ocean with waves moving towards him. Now he was on a boat for the first time he was awed by how still the water appeared to be. His friend told him that the water moved in circles here.

Question: Do waves get steeper or morre shallow before they break?

Situation: Bob had seen the ocean before but only from the shore. He had always associated the ocean with waves moving towards him. Now he was on a boat for the first time he was awed by how still the water appeared to be. His friend told him that the water moved in circles here.

Question: What do waves carry onto the shore?
Background: Sometimes muscles and tendons get injured when a person starts doing an activity before they have warmed up properly. A warm up is a slow increase in the intensity of a physical activity that prepares muscles for an activity. Warming up increases the blood flow to the muscles and increases the heart rate. Warmed-up muscles and tendons are less likely to get injured. For example, before running or playing soccer, a person might jog slowly to warm muscles and increase their heart rate. Even elite athletes need to warm up ( Figure below ).

Situation: Jim and Mark both raced in the track event today. Jim got to the field early so he could stretch and do some light jogging before the race. Mark was running late and did not have time to warm up. Besides he reasoned it was best to save his energy for the actual race.

Question: Who is more likely to get injured?

Situation: Jim and Mark both raced in the track event today. Jim got to the field early so he could stretch and do some light jogging before the race. Mark was running late and did not have time to warm up. Besides he reasoned it was best to save his energy for the actual race.

Question: Who is less likely to get injured?

Situation: Jim and Mark both raced in the track event today. Jim got to the field early so he could stretch and do some light jogging before the race. Mark was running late and did not have time to warm up. Besides he reasoned it was best to save his energy for the actual race.

Question: Who's heart rate was highest at the begining of the race?

Situation: Jim and Mark both raced in the track event today. Jim got to the field early so he could stretch and do some light jogging before the race. Mark was running late and did not have time to warm up. Besides he reasoned it was best to save his energy for the actual race.

Question: Who's heart rate was lowest at the begining of the race?

Situation: Jim and Mark both raced in the track event today. Jim got to the field early so he could stretch and do some light jogging before the race. Mark was running late and did not have time to warm up. Besides he reasoned it was best to save his energy for the actual race.

Question: Who's muscles are getting the most blood at the begining of the race?

Situation: Jim and Mark both raced in the track event today. Jim got to the field early so he could stretch and do some light jogging before the race. Mark was running late and did not have time to warm up. Besides he reasoned it was best to save his energy for the actual race.

Question: Who's muscles are getting the least blood at the begining of the race?

Situation: John liked to run 5 miles each day. Before he starts running he makes sure he stretches and does jumping jacks to warm up.

Question: Is John preventing or causing injury by warming up?

Situation: John liked to run 5 miles each day. Before he starts running he makes sure he stretches and does jumping jacks to warm up.

Question: Is John increasing or decreasing his heart rate by warming up?
Background: Some fungi take on different shapes, depending on their environmental conditions. These fungi are called dimorphic fungi , because they have “two forms.” For example, the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum , which causes the disease histoplasmosis, is thermally dimorphic; it has two forms that are dependent on temperature. In temperatures of about 25°C, it grows as a brownish mycelium, and looks like a mass of threads. At body temperature (37°C in humans), it grows as single, round yeast cells.

Situation: Mark had two samples of the same fungus, Histoplasma capsulatum. One sample had been grown at 25 degrees Celsius and the other at 37 degrees Celsius.

Question: Did the two samples look the same or different?

Situation: Mark had two samples of the same fungus, Histoplasma capsulatum. One sample had been grown at 25 degrees Celsius and the other at 37 degrees Celsius.

Question: What made the two samples grow diffrently the location they were grown in or the temperature.

Situation: Mark had two samples of the same fungus, Histoplasma capsulatum. One sample had been grown at 25 degrees Celsius and the other at 37 degrees Celsius.

Question: What temperature was sample tat looks like threads grown at?

Situation: Mark had two samples of the same fungus, Histoplasma capsulatum. One sample had been grown at 25 degrees Celsius and the other at 37 degrees Celsius.

Question: What temperature was sample that looks like single round yeast cell grown at?

Situation: Mark had two samples of the same fungus, Histoplasma capsulatum. One sample had been grown at 25 degrees Celsius and the other at 37 degrees Celsius.

Question: What had different shapes?
Background: The Coriolis effect describes how Earth’s rotation steers winds and surface ocean currents. Unlike land, air and water move freely (in the absence of obstacles). The Coriolis effect causes the path of a freely moving object to appear to curve. This is because Earth is rotating beneath the object. So even though the object's path is straight, it appears to curve. The curve appears to be to the right in the Northern Hemisphere. It appears to be to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.

Situation: Mark liked photography and spent his spare time taking pictures of his home town and the surrounding areas. Mark was hoping to get some nice areal images to add to his collection . He attached a camera to a weather balloon and released it above his small New England town. Mark watched as the balloon floated higher and began to drift away.

Question: Did Mark see the balloon traveling on a straight or curved path?

Situation: Mark liked photography and spent his spare time taking pictures of his home town and the surrounding areas. Mark was hoping to get some nice areal images to add to his collection . He attached a camera to a weather balloon and released it above his small town. Mark watched as the balloon floated higher and began to drift away.

Question: If the balloons path appeared to curve right was Mark in the Northern or Southern Hemisphere?

Situation: Mark liked photography and spent his spare time taking pictures of his home town and the surrounding areas. Mark was hoping to get some nice areal images to add to his collection . He attached a camera to a weather balloon and released it above his small town. Mark watched as the balloon floated higher and began to drift away.

Question: If the balloons path appeared to curve left was Mark in the Northern or Southern Hemisphere?

Situation: Mark liked photography and spent his spare time taking pictures of his home town and the surrounding areas. Mark was hoping to get some nice areal images to add to his collection . He attached a camera to a weather balloon and released it above his small town. Mark watched as the balloon floated higher above the earth and began to drift away.

Question: What was rotating under the balloon?

Situation: Mark liked photography and spent his spare time taking pictures of his home town and the surrounding areas. Mark was hoping to get some nice areal images to add to his collection . He attached a camera to a weather balloon and released it above his small town. Mark watched as the balloon floated higher above the earth and began to drift away.

Question: Was the balloons path curved or straight?
Background: When humans dig up and use fossil fuels, we have an impact on the carbon cycle ( Figure below ). This carbon is not recycled until it is used by humans. The burning of fossil fuels releases more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than is used by photosynthesis. So, there is more carbon dioxide entering the atmosphere than is coming out of it. Carbon dioxide is known as a greenhouse gas , since it lets in light energy but does not let heat escape, much like the panes of a greenhouse. The increase of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere is contributing to a global rise in Earth’s temperature, known as global warming or global climate change.

Situation: Jane parked her car in the sun but did not cover her widows. Her neighbor John parked his car in the sun but he covered his windows with a sun screen.

Question: Who's car is hotter inside?

Situation: Jane parked her car in the sun but did not cover her widows. Her neighbor John parked his car in the sun but he covered his windows with a sun screen.

Question: Who's car is cooler inside?

Situation: Jane parked her car in the sun but did not cover her widows. Her neighbor John parked his car in the sun but he covered his windows with a sun screen.

Question: Who's car is trapping more heat?

Situation: Jane parked her car in the sun but did not cover her widows. Her neighbor John parked his car in the sun but he covered his windows with a sun screen.

Question: Who's car is trapping less heat?

Situation: Jane parked her car in the sun but did not cover her widows. Her neighbor John parked his car in the sun but he covered his windows with a sun screen.

Question: who's car is more dangerouse to sit in?

Situation: Jane parked her car in the sun but did not cover her widows. Her neighbor John parked his car in the sun but he covered his windows with a sun screen.

Question: who's car is less dangerouse to sit in?
Background: You don’t have to suffer through an infection to gain immunity to some diseases. Immunity can also come about by vaccination. Vaccination is the process of exposing a person to pathogens on purpose so the person will develop immunity to them. In vaccination, the pathogens are usually injected under the skin. Only part of the pathogens are injected, or else weakened or dead pathogens are used. This causes an immune response without causing the disease. Diseases you are likely to have been vaccinated against include measles, mumps, and chicken pox.

Situation: Jane took her young son Ethan to the doctors for a check-up. While they were there her son got vaccines for measles and mumps.

Question: Is Ethan more or less likely to get mumps?

Situation: Jane took her young son Ethan to the doctors for a check-up. While they were there her son got vaccines for measles and mumps.

Question: Is Ethan more or less likely to get measles?

Situation: Jane took her young son Ethan to the doctors for a check-up. While they were there her son got vaccines for measles and mumps.

Question: Will the vaccine cause or prevent illness?

Situation: Jane took her young son Ethan to the doctors for a check-up. While they were there her son got vaccines for measles and mumps.

Question: Will Ethan be immune or not to measles??
Background: A prism, like the one in the Figure below , can be used to separate visible light into its different colors. A prism is a pyramid-shaped object made of transparent matter, usually clear glass or plastic. Matter that is transparent allows light to pass through it. A prism transmits light but slows it down. When light passes from air to the glass of the prism, the change in speed causes the light to change direction and bend. Different wavelengths of light bend at different angles. This makes the beam of light separate into light of different wavelengths. What we see is a rainbow of colors. For an animated version of the prism below, go to this URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Light_dispersion_conceptual_waves.gif

Situation: Marks science teacher gave each student something that looked like a thick pyramid of glass he called a prism. He asked them to hold it up to the light and look through it. He wanted them to look at the light in the air and as it passed through the prism. When Mark did he saw several different colored beams of light.

Question: When was the light moving faster?

Situation: Marks science teacher gave each student something that looked like a thick pyramid of glass he called a prism. He asked them to hold it up to the light and look through it. He wanted them to look at the light in the air and as it passed through the prism. When Mark did he saw several different colored beams of light.

Question: When was the light moving slower?

Situation: Marks science teacher gave each student something that looked like a thick pyramid of glass he called a prism. He asked them to hold it up to the light and look through it. He wanted them to look at the light in the air and as it passed through the prism. When Mark did he saw several different colored beams of light.

Question: Did the light stay straight or bend as it went through the prism?

Situation: Marks science teacher gave each student something that looked like a thick pyramid of glass he called a prism. He asked them to hold it up to the light and look through it. He wanted them to look at the light in the air and as it passed through the prism. When Mark did he saw several different colored beams of light.

Question: Was the light all bending at the same or different angles?

Situation: Marks science teacher gave each student something that looked like a thick pyramid of glass he called a prism. He asked them to hold it up to the light and look through it. He wanted them to look at the light in the air and as it passed through the prism. When Mark did he saw several different colored beams of light.

Question: Was the colored light all one wavelength or different?
Background: The particles of soup have greater average kinetic energy than the particles of water in the tub, explaining why the soup has a higher temperature. However, the mass of the water in the tub is much greater than the mass of the soup in the pot. This means that there are many more particles of water than soup. All those moving particles give the water in the tub greater total kinetic energy, even though their average kinetic energy is less. Therefore, the water in the tub has greater thermal energy than the soup. To compare the thermal energy of some other materials, go to the following URL and click on the interactive animation “Temperature and Thermal Energy.”

Situation: Joe's family had a large in ground pool in their back yard but they still kept one of those small kiddie pools for his younger sister to splash in. Joe much preferred the pool because the water was warmer.

Question: Which pool contains more water particles?

Situation: Joe's family had a large in ground pool in their back yard but they still kept one of those small kiddie pools for his younger sister to splash in. Joe much preferred the pool because the water was warmer.

Question: Which pool contains less water particles?

Situation: Joe's family had a large in ground pool in their back yard but they still kept one of those small kiddie pools for his younger sister to splash in. Joe much preferred the pool because the water was warmer.

Question: Which pool contains less kinetic energy?

Situation: Joe's family had a large in ground pool in their back yard but they still kept one of those small kiddie pools for his younger sister to splash in. Joe much preferred the pool because the water was warmer.

Question: Which pool contains more kinetic energy?

Situation: Joe's family had a large in ground pool in their back yard but they still kept one of those small kiddie pools for his younger sister to splash in. Joe much preferred the pool because the water was warmer.

Question: Which pool contains more thermal energy?
Background: Old age begins in the mid-60s and lasts until the end of life. Many people over 65 have retired from work, freeing up their time for hobbies, grandchildren, and other interests. Stamina, strength, reflex time, and the senses all decline during old age, and the number of brain cells decreases as well. The immune system becomes less efficient, increasing the risk of serious illnesses such as cancer and pneumonia. Diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease that cause loss of mental function also become more common.

Situation: Mark enjoyed going to work everyday. He knew that he was at his physical peak and liked to run marathons and participate in martial arts. Jim retired last year and is having fun traveling around the country and golfing with his friends. Sometimes Jim has trouble remembering where he left his keys. His doctor has warned him to be careful about being exposed to to the flu or even a cold.

Question: Who is older?

Situation: Mark enjoyed going to work everyday. He knew that he was at his physical peak and liked to run marathons and participate in martial arts. Jim retired last year and is having fun traveling around the country and golfing with his friends. Sometimes Jim has trouble remembering where he left his keys. His doctor has warned him to be careful about being exposed to to the flu or even a cold.

Question: Who is younger?

Situation: Mark enjoyed going to work everyday. He knew that he was at his physical peak and liked to run marathons and participate in martial arts. Jim retired last year and is having fun traveling around the country and golfing with his friends. Sometimes Jim has trouble remembering where he left his keys. His doctor has warned him to be careful about being exposed to to the flu or even a cold.

Question: Who has more time to persue their interests?

Situation: Mark enjoyed going to work everyday. He knew that he was at his physical peak and liked to run marathons and participate in martial arts. Jim retired last year and is having fun traveling around the country and golfing with his friends. Sometimes Jim has trouble remembering where he left his keys. His doctor has warned him to be careful about being exposed to to the flu or even a cold.

Question: Who is stronger?

Situation: Mark enjoyed going to work everyday. He knew that he was at his physical peak and liked to run marathons and participate in martial arts. Jim retired last year and is having fun traveling around the country and golfing with his friends. Sometimes Jim has trouble remembering where he left his keys. His doctor has warned him to be careful about being exposed to to the flu or even a cold.

Question: Who has a stronger immune system?

Situation: Mark enjoyed going to work everyday. He knew that he was at his physical peak and liked to run marathons and participate in martial arts. Jim retired last year and is having fun traveling around the country and golfing with his friends. Sometimes Jim has trouble remembering where he left his keys. His doctor has warned him to be careful about being exposed to to the flu or even a cold.

Question: Who has a weaker immune system?
Background: Other pathogens spread when they get on objects or surfaces. A fungus may spread in this way. For example, you can pick up the fungus that causes athlete’s foot by wearing shoes that an infected person has worn. You can also pick up this fungus from the floor of a public shower or other damp areas. After acne, athlete’s foot is the most common skin disease in the United States. Therefore, the chance of coming in contact with the fungus in one of these ways is fairly high.

Situation: Jane has only been working at a daycare for a few months. But she has already noticed that there always seems to be at least one sick child. She often jokes that the children not only share toys they also share colds.

Question: What is Jane likely to get if she touches the toys?

Situation: Jane has only been working at a daycare for a few months. But she has already noticed that there always seems to be at least one sick child. She often jokes that the children not only share toys they also share colds.

Question: What surface is likely to have viruses on it?