allenai/quartz huggingface dataset:
Background: If we take a certain amount of gas from one container and place it into another, larger container, the gas expandsto fill the larger container. The same mass of gas is now in a larger volume, the gas now has a lower density.

Question: If you fill a large canister with gas from a smaller canister will the density
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: With more surfaces of the rocks exposed, there are more places for chemical weathering to occur.

Question: Olive and Jean were collecting rocks during a hike, they collected too many rocks so the two girls decided to leave some rocks behind to come back to later. Olive decided to bury her rocks in the dirt, and Jean decided to leave hers in a ditch in the sun. When they returned a week later, which girl's rocks changed the least?
Choices:
Jean
Olive
Answer: A
Background: Places where particles of a medium crowd closer together are called compressions, and places where the particles spread farther apart are called rarefactions. The more energy the wave has, the closer together the particles are in compressions and the farther apart they are in rarefactions.

Question: Compared to a wave in the ocean, would a ripple in a pond caused by a drop of rain have
Choices:
more closely spaced particles in its rarefactions?
more distantly spaced particles in its rarefactions
Answer: A
Background: When particles of matter are closer together, they can more quickly pass the energy of vibrations to nearby particles.

Question: Two batteries are sitting on a table, one has energy being passed quickly around, the other has energy passed slowly around. The battery with energy being passed slowly has particles of matter that are
Choices:
further apart
closer together
Answer: A
Background: A camera shutter stays open longer in dim light to let more light in.

Question: Hassan and Ratna each received new automatic cameras as presents. To test their new cameras, Hassan took a picture of the beach that afternoon, while Ratna waited until it was dark outside to take a picture of a python in the moonlight. The shutter of whose camera stayed open shorter?
Choices:
Hassan
Ratna
Answer: A
Background: The greater the mass of an object, the less it will accelerate when a given force is applied.

Question: Evan weighs 200 pounds while Sasha weighs 100 pounds. Who flies the shortest distance when pushed off the diving board?
Choices:
Evan
Sasha
Answer: A
Background: The gravitational force increases with mass and decreases with the distance between the bodies.

Question: Will has two balls and pushed them closer to each other. The gravitational force between the balls
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: More greenhouse gases trap more heat and warm the atmosphere.

Question: When viewing the climate model John saw that the more gases were in the atmosphere, the heat would be
Choices:
Larger
Smaller
Answer: A
Background: Therefore, deeper rock layers must be older than layers closer to the surface.

Question: Willard dug up a rock from near the surface, and realized it was _____.
Choices:
old
young
Answer: B
Background: An object with more mass has greater thermal energy than an object with less mass because it has more atoms.

Question: The the planets are colder than sun because they are
Choices:
less massive
more massive
Answer: A
Background: If the kidneys remove less water from the blood, the blood will look darker, because there is less water in it.

Question: If Mona's kidneys are not working correctly and less water is removed from her blood, what will happen to the tint of her blood?
Choices:
become lighter
become darker
Answer: B
Background: An object with more mass has greater thermal energy than an object with less mass because it has more atoms.

Question: If Mona is observing two objects and she realizes that one has a larger mass then the other, what does that tell her about that object's thermal energy?
Choices:
it's greater
it's smaller
Answer: A
Background: An increase in greenhouse gases leads to greater greenhouse effect.

Question: One side effect of driving cars is the production of greenhouse gases. If fewer cars are put on the roads, what would happen to the greenhouse effect on the Earth's atmosphere?
Choices:
it would become greater
it would become smaller
Answer: B
Background: When particles of matter are closer together, they can more quickly pass the energy of vibrations to nearby particles.

Question: If Jim moves some particles of matter closer together, what will happen to the rate at which they can pass vibrations on to nearby particles?
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: B
Background: Objects that are closer together have a stronger force of gravity.

Question: Milo was moving some metal balls around. If he were to move the balls closer together, what would happen to the force of gravity?
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: B
Background: The larger the light collecting area, the more light a telescope gathers and the higher resolution (ability to see fine detail) it has.

Question: A sensor on a camera that is smaller will have
Choices:
higher resolution
lower resolution
Answer: B
Background: The greater the mass of the objects, the stronger the gravitational force of attraction between them.

Question: The reason that things rotate around the sun is because it is
Choices:
small
large
Answer: B
Background: The greater the mass of the objects, the stronger the gravitational force of attraction between them.

Question: If planet W and planet X have a combined mass that is twice that of the combined mass of planet Y and planet Z, the gravitational force between planets Y and Z will be _____ that of W and X.
Choices:
less than
greater than
Answer: A
Background: The land heats up and cools off faster than the water because it has lower specific heat.

Question: Considering that aluminum has a much lower specific heat than water, which would cool more slowly
Choices:
five pounds of water heated to 200 degrees?
a five pound block of aluminum heated to 200 degrees
Answer: A
Background: Cells that are very active would typically have more mitochondria than cells that are less active.

Question: Jim is comparing two cells. One seems to have more activity then the other. Will the cell exhibiting less activity have
Choices:
more mitochondria
less mitochondria
Answer: B
Background: The greater the mass of the objects, the stronger the gravitational force of attraction between them.

Question: If planet W and planet X have a combined mass that is half that of the combined mass of planet Y and planet Z, the gravitational force between planets Y and Z will be _____ that of W and X.
Choices:
less than
greater than
Answer: B
Background: The greater the mass of the objects, the stronger the gravitational force of attraction between them.

Question: Will was lifting weights at the gym. The force of gravity between him and a 20 pound weight is likely _____ than that between him and a 45 pound weight.
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: A
Background: Deeper aquifers typically contain older 'fossil water.'

Question: If Jim wants to find a greater concentration of old fossil water he needs to move _____ into an aquifer?
Choices:
deeper
shallower
Answer: A
Background: The longer the amount of time since species diverged, the more differences there will be in their DNA or proteins.

Question: Compared to the dawn of time, the variety between species now is
Choices:
smaller
larger
Answer: B
Background: The more gradual the slope of the inclined plane, the less input force is needed and the greater the mechanical advantage.

Question: Will plays with an adjustable ramp for his cars. He sets the angle at 25 degrees and then at 15 degrees. Which ramp angle requires less input force on the cars?
Choices:
25 degrees
15 degrees
Answer: B
Background: A camera shutter stays open longer in dim light to let more light in.

Question: In order to take a photo of the stars far away we would need our camera's shutter to be open
Choices:
a very short time
a very long time
Answer: B
Background: Objects that are closer together have a stronger force of gravity.

Question: Which planet has the least gravity exerted on it from the Sun?
Choices:
Mercury
Mars
Answer: B
Background: When valence electrons are farther from the nucleus, they are attracted less strongly by the nucleus and more easily removed from the atom.

Question: When you get further from the sun are planets more or less attracted to the sun?
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: In erosion, the more energy the water has, the larger the particle it can carry.

Question: Don is watching rocks be eroded by water. Since the water is moving so fast and hard, Don can tell that the particles being carried away by the water are
Choices:
larger
smaller
Answer: A
Background: Increases the sheen on leaves to make them more reflective.

Question: If Milo is growing some plants in his garden and he accidentally coats them with something that increases their sheen, what happens to their reflectivity?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: An increase in greenhouse gases leads to greater greenhouse effect.

Question: Long ago the surface of Venus warmed enough that greenhouse gases escaped into the atmosphere. As a result, the greenhouse effect on that planet
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: A