allenai/quartz huggingface dataset:
Background: Therefore, water nearer shore usually contains more dissolved nutrients than water farther from shore.

Question: If Milo takes nutrient measurements from water near the shore and compares them to measurements of water taken far from the shore, which will contain more dissolved nutrients?
Choices:
near the shore
far from the shore
Answer: A
Background: Its harder to overcome friction between heavier objects and the floor than it is between lighter objects and the floor.

Question: Fred was moving a desk across the room. He then pushed a chair and it was much easier. This is because the heavier desk had _____ friction with the floor.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: Water also gets colder as you go deeper.

Question: Milo is swimming in the pool at the shallow end. Suddenly he decides to move to the deep end. What happens to the water as he swims deeper?
Choices:
gets warmer
gets colder
Answer: B
Background: Warm air is less dense than cool air, so it rises higher in the troposphere.

Question: Fred started a fire on the beach. The air distant from the fire likely
Choices:
falls
rises
Answer: A
Background: Less photosynthesis means that plants and phytoplankton produce less food.

Question: If plants are not able to photosynthesize then they have
Choices:
less food
more food
Answer: A
Background: The harder the batter hits the ball, the greater will be its acceleration.

Question: Eric hit a ball as soft as he could. The next time, he hits it hard. The ball accelerates _____ the second time.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: With higher levels of dissolved carbon dioxide in ocean water, the water becomes more acidic.

Question: If there were more dissolved carbon dioxide in ocean water, the ocean's rate of acidity would
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: The more curved the surface of a lens is, the more it refracts light.

Question: If Mona is building a new mirror and she wants it to refract more light, what should she do the surface of the lens?
Choices:
make it more curved
make it less curved
Answer: A
Background: With less ozone in the stratosphere, more UV rays reach the ground.

Question: If Mona is observing the atmosphere and measuring the amount of ozone in it, what happens to the amount of UV rays that will reach the ground if she notices the amount of ozone in the stratosphere is increasing?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: The higher the crests of a wave are, the greater the amplitude.

Question: When at the beach, Erin knows that there is a high amplitude, so the waves will be
Choices:
larger
smaller
Answer: A
Background: At higher temperatures, particles of reactants have more energy, so they move faster. They are more likely to bump into one another and to collide with greater force.

Question: If Mona is comparing two different reactants to use for starting her fire and she realizes that one reactant has a lower temperature then the other, what does that tell her about the amount of energy it contains?
Choices:
higher
lower
Answer: B
Background: With less ozone in the stratosphere, more UV rays reach the ground.

Question: What happens to UV levels away from the ozone hole?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: An object has greater momentum if it has greater mass, greater velocity, or both.

Question: An object with a lesser mass than another will have _____ momentum.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: A
Background: Breast cancer is rare in teens but becomes more common as females get older.

Question: If Betty was younger her chances of contracting breast cancer would
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: Different types of rocks weather at different rates. More resistant types of rocks will remain longer.

Question: A piece of granite is more resistant than soapstone therefore it will last
Choices:
longer
shorter
Answer: A
Background: If salt is added to a volume of water, there are more molecules in the same volume, so the water is denser.

Question: When water absorbs salt the water becomes
Choices:
more dense
less dense
Answer: A
Background: Size restriction: The final body size is limited because as the body size increases, the surface area to volume ratio decreases.

Question: John was watching the car being built. He observed that the smaller the body size, the surface area to volume ration
Choices:
Increased
Decreased
Answer: A
Background: The sooner cancer is treated, the greater the chances of a cure.

Question: If cancer is detected early and treatment immediately begins, the chances of a cure would be
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: A
Background: Warm water cant hold as much dissolved oxygen as cool water, so an increase in the temperature of water decreases the amount of oxygen it contains.

Question: The _____ waters have the least dissolved oxygen.
Choices:
warmest
coldest
Answer: A
Background: We also saw that adding resistors to a series circuit increases the total resistance of the circuit, causing the current to decrease.

Question: When you remove your finger from the tip of a hose the rate of flow
Choices:
increases
decreases.
Answer: A
Background: Waves with shorter wavelengths have more energy.

Question: Lana is zapping things with light of varying wavelengths. When she zaps things with shorter wavelength light, the energy imparted is
Choices:
greater
lesser
Answer: A
Background: Richer nations use far more energy resources, especially fossil fuels, than poorer nations do.

Question: Uganda is poorer than the US, so it likely uses _____ fossil fuels compared to Uganda.
Choices:
more
fewer
Answer: B
Background: Smaller tributary glaciers, like tributary streams, flow into the main glacier in their own shallower U-shaped valleys.

Question: Reid notices that tributary glaciers make U-shaped valleys when flowing. A small valley was likely caused by a _____ tributary glacier.
Choices:
small
large
Answer: A
Background: With a higher the concentration of hydrogen ions, a solution is more acidic and has a lower pH.

Question: James wants to create a solution that is more acidic than others, so his concentration of hydrogen ions will be
Choices:
higher
lower
Answer: A
Background: As humidity increases, the water potential gradient across the inside and outside the leaf become more equal, and so the rate of transpiration decreases.

Question: Joe noticed that the humidity inside the greenhouse was getting very high, so he opened the roof to let cooler air inside. Thus, when the water potential gradient across the inside and outside of the leaf becomes equal, the rate of transpiration will
Choices:
increase
decrease.
Answer: B
Background: Bases have pH values above 7. The higher the pH value, the more strongly basic the substance.

Question: Compared to vinegar, which is an acid, would lye, which is a weak base, have a pH value that is
Choices:
higher
lower?
Answer: B
Background: The larger the animal, the heavier the exoskeleton, making movement more difficult.

Question: Ease of mobility _____ when the animal is decreased in size.
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: A thinner wire is more difficult for electrons to move through than a thicker wire.

Question: If Mona is spinning some wire at her job and she makes the wire thicker, what happens to the ease at which electrons can pass through that wire?
Choices:
easier
harder
Answer: A
Background: Chemical weathering increases as: Temperature increases: Chemical reactions proceed more rapidly at higher temperatures.

Question: Josh is a runner and travels through a rainy area to where it is more sunny. Which area likely experience less chemical weathering?
Choices:
the rainy area
the sunny area
Answer: A
Background: The more branching there is in isomers, the lower the boiling and melting points are.

Question: An isomer with less branching than another will have a _____ melting point.
Choices:
higher
lower
Answer: A
Background: Bases have pH values above 7. The higher the pH value, the more strongly basic the substance.

Question: Compared to vinegar, which is an acid, would lye, which is a strong base, have a pH value that is
Choices:
higher
lower?
Answer: A
Background: The louder the sounds are, the less exposure is needed to cause hearing loss.

Question: Jim loves to listen to the radio. If he turns the volume up high the amount of time he can listen to the music before experiencing hearing loss
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: The more curved the surface of a lens is, the more it refracts light.

Question: Dave was looking lenses for his new digital camera. He saw on the specifications that the more curved the lens is, the amount of light refracted
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: More UV rays increase skin cancer rates.

Question: Fran stayed indoors while Geremy went in the sun. Who is less likely to get skin cancer?
Choices:
Fran
Geremy
Answer: A
Background: Longer length resistors will offer more resistance than shorter resistors.

Question: Olivia has a miniature resistor and a normal sized one. Which resistor offers more resistance?
Choices:
the miniature resistor
the normal resistor
Answer: B
Background: The closer the field lines are drawn together, the stronger the field being described.

Question: Jimbo was playing with magnetic field lines by manipulating them. If he moves the field lines closer together, what happens to the strength of the field?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: It would be hard to get a big chunk of chocolate to dissolve in your milk or hot water. Maybe you could make hot chocolate from some smaller pieces like chocolate chips, but it is much easier to add a powder to your milk. This is because the smaller the pieces are, the more surface area they have.

Question: Dean wants to melt chocolate to drink in his milk. He puts a big piece of chocolate in, and a small piece of chocolate in. The piece with more surface area, which will melt first, is the piece that is
Choices:
bigger
smaller
Answer: B
Background: Inhaling, or breathing in, increases the size of the chest, which decreases air pressure inside the lungs.

Question: Air pressure inside the lungs will _____ when one breathes in deeply.
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: The higher the crests of a wave are, the greater the amplitude.

Question: A wave that decreases in height will _____ in amplitude.
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: As the water is pumped out, the water table slowly falls, requiring wells to be dug deeper, which takes more money and energy.

Question: Marco needs to dig a well in his backyard, but the water table is very low. The energy that it will take to dig a shallow well is
Choices:
great
small
Answer: B
Background: The closer together the particles in a longitudinal wave are, the greater the amplitude.

Question: Fred found a longitudinal wave. The particles are getting closer together. The amplitude is
Choices:
increasing
decreasing
Answer: A
Background: The closer to pH 14, the more strongly basic the solution.

Question: If we tested a solution and it was 12 on the pH scale it would be
Choices:
acidic
basic
Answer: B
Background: As animals grow their bones get longer and bigger, they grow more hair, and are able to take care of themselves by getting food, shelter, and water.

Question: Mona is a puppy. As she grows older and her bones get smaller, what happens to her ability to take care of herself?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: The gravitational force between two objects decreases as the objects move further apart.

Question: Tinna held two magnets apart and felt _____ force.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: Anaerobic exercises cause muscles to get bigger and stronger.

Question: Ron went to the gym and lifted weights for the first time. If he keeps going consistently, his muscles will likely
Choices:
grow
shrink
Answer: A
Background: Because richer nations use more fossil fuels, they also cause more air pollution and global warming than poorer nations do.

Question: A country like the US burns more fossil fuels than a third world country. This means that a richer country causes _____ pollution than a third world country.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Longer wavelength electromagnetic waves have lower frequencies, and shorter wavelength waves have higher frequencies.

Question: John was testing a radio wave and had an interesting finding. The longer the wavelength was, the frequency became
Choices:
Higher
Lower
Answer: B
Background: Bigger waves have more energy.

Question: A smaller wave on the ocean has _____ strength than a bigger wave.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: As more resistors are added in series, the total resistance of the circuit increases.

Question: If Ed removes a resistor to the circuit, the resistance will be
Choices:
greater
lower.
Answer: B
Background: The greater the objects mass, the greater the force of attraction; in addition, the greater the distance between objects, the smaller the force of attraction.

Question: Jeffrey added more and more dough to the recipe. As he adds more, the force of attraction the dough is capable of
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: The more curved the surface of a lens is, the more it refracts the light that passes through it.

Question: If Mona is building a lens for looking at the stars and she wants to make sure it refracts more light then the one she previously built, will she need to make the surface more or less curved then the one before?
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: More people also means more clearing of land for agriculture and development.

Question: Kevin lives in a city with 5000 people. Will lives in a city with 100 people. Whose city likely cleared more land for agriculture/development?
Choices:
Kevin
Will
Answer: A
Background: The more branching there is in isomers, the lower the boiling and melting points are.

Question: Steel has a _____ melting point than lead because it has less branching.
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: B
Background: With less ozone in the stratosphere, more UV rays reach the ground.

Question: As ozone is depleted from the stratosphere, we can expect to have _____ UV rays on the ground.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: When the heart expels more blood with each stroke, the heart has to beat less often in order to maintain the same volume of blood flow.

Question: Jon was jogging, and slowing down his pace. His heart is beating _____.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: The more current, the stronger the electromagnet.

Question: A strong electromagnet is receiving _____ current.
Choices:
much
little
Answer: A
Background: Exhaling, or breathing out, decreases the size of the chest, which increases air pressure inside the lungs.

Question: As a balloon inflates there is _____ air pressure forcing air out.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: The more extreme the amount of metamorphism, the more difficult it is to tell what the original rock was.

Question: Jeff put a rock under very minimal metamorphosis. The rock probably _____ its original form.
Choices:
resembles
does not resemble
Answer: A
Background: If there are more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, more ultraviolet radiation will be trapped and the Earth will heat up.

Question: Tony drives an SUV that contributes many greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Evan rides a scooter that contributes few greenhouses gases to the atmosphere. Who likely contributes more to the Earth heating up?
Choices:
Tony
Evan
Answer: A
Background: The pupil automatically gets bigger or smaller to let more or less light in as needed.

Question: If a bright light were shined in a person's eye, would their pupil size
Choices:
grow
shrink?
Answer: B
Background: The higher the temperature, the more energy the particles have and the faster they will move and diffuse.

Question: Tina goes to the hot sauna. Her temperature increases, so the particles in her body will move
Choices:
slower
faster
Answer: B
Background: As the Universe expands, galaxies move further and further apart.

Question: Noah has noticed that the galaxies are contracting. This will make the galaxies
Choices:
nearer
further apart.
Answer: A
Background: More recently, the death rate has fallen because of the availability of more food and medical advances.

Question: Ian's town had more deaths this year since the food supply changed, which means that this year the food amounts were
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: B
Background: A fluid exerts pressure in all directions, but the pressure is greater at greater depth.

Question: When you dive deeper into the ocean pressure
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: B
Background: The closer together the particles are, the greater the amplitude of the wave.

Question: Derek is noting how close particles are, and sees that they are very close. Since the particles are so close, the amplitude of the wave will be
Choices:
greater
lesser
Answer: A
Background: Water flowing over a steeper slope moves faster and causes more erosion.

Question: Water falling down a small hill will move
Choices:
slower
faster
Answer: A
Background: Older age, male gender, and a family history of cardiovascular disease all increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and cant be controlled.

Question: Ramon was 20 years old and visiting his doctor. He wondered about his cardiovascular disease risk. The doctor said his risk is _____.
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: A
Background: The Earth travels faster in its elliptical orbit when it is closer to the Sun than when it is farther away.

Question: What would happen to the speed of Earth's orbit if our planet were to move farther from the Sun?
Choices:
increased speed
decreased speed
Answer: B
Background: Increasing the number of resistors in a series circuit increases the overall resistance of the circuit.

Question: When we are building a computer if we want to lower resistance we need
Choices:
more resistors
fewer resistors
Answer: B
Background: At higher concentrations, particles of reactants are crowded closer together, so they are more likely to collide and react.

Question: Ian sees an object with many colliding particles, and he compares it to another object with few colliding particles. Which is true about the objects?
Choices:
the object with many colliding particles has a lower concentration of particles
the object with many colliding particles has a higher concentration of particles
Answer: B
Background: The hotter a main sequence star is, the brighter it is.

Question: Rachel was looking into the night sky. The brightest star is most likely:
Choices:
the hottest
the coldest
Answer: A
Background: If the gas is heated, the particles will move faster as they gain more energy.

Question: Dana wants the gas to move with as little energy as possible so the particles can move slowly. Dana will then do this to the gas
Choices:
cool
heat
Answer: A
Background: The trade-off when the threads are closer together, is that more turns of the screw or bolt are needed to do the job because the distance over which the input force must be applied is greater.

Question: Dawn is screwing in a screw so she can hang a picture on the wall. Because the threads are so far apart, the force that Dawn must apply to get the screw into the wall is
Choices:
greater
lesser
Answer: A
Background: In bigger atoms, valence electrons are farther from the nucleus.

Question: In science class, kids learned about how when atoms are smaller, the distance between the valence electrons and the nucleus is
Choices:
bigger
smaller
Answer: B
Background: If salt is added to a volume of water, there are more molecules in the same volume, so the water is denser.

Question: If Milo wants to make his water saltier and begins adding salt to the glass, what happens to the density of the glass of water?
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: B
Background: We can say that resistance and current in an electric circuit areinversely proportional, because as the one increases, the other decreases, and vice versa.

Question: As the telephone line fell down and the line's resistance went up, the current was
Choices:
greater
smaller
Answer: B
Background: As the distance between the objects increases the magnetic force of attraction decreases.

Question: If Mona is holding a toy truck and a toy car a certain distance away from each other and she then moves the two objects farther apart, which happens to the magnetic force of attraction between the two objects?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: The smaller a population is, the more allele frequencies may drift.

Question: Would you expect to see less allele shift in a population of roses grown in a greenhouse if the greenhouse had
Choices:
20 rose plants
2,000 rose plants?
Answer: B
Background: Many observatories are built on high mountains. There is less air above the telescope, so there is less interference from the atmosphere.

Question: Eric built his telescope lower. The interference from the atmosphere down here is
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: B
Background: Wave frequency can be measured by counting the number of crests or compressions that pass the point in 1 second or other time period. The higher the number is, the greater is the frequency of the wave.

Question: If Milo decreases the number of crests of his wave, what happens to the frequency of his wave?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: In transipration, at warmer temperatures water molecules move faster, and the rate of evaporation from stomata is therefore much faster.

Question: Donna wants to have her water molecules move slower hrough transpiration, so she will make the temperature
Choices:
cooler
warmer
Answer: A
Background: The greater the mass of the objects, the stronger the gravitational pull between them.

Question: The moon is unable to hold in all the planets because it is
Choices:
more massive
less massive
Answer: B
Background: With less ozone in the stratosphere, more UV rays reach the ground.

Question: Carlos knows that there is more ozone in the stratosphere today, and goes out on a sunny day. He puts on sunscreen knowing that the UV rays can reach the ground
Choices:
less
more
Answer: A
Background: Most nutrients are washed into ocean water from land. Therefore, water closer to shore tends to have more nutrients.

Question: Dave is taking water samples from various parts of Lake Erie. He takes the first sample very far from the shore line. The second sample he takes from the edge of the lake. He expects that the _____ sample will have more nutrients in it/
Choices:
second
first
Answer: A
Background: As the nail grows, more cells are added at the nail bed.

Question: Gina has longer fingernails than John. Who has more cells on their nails?
Choices:
John
Gina
Answer: B
Background: We need to reduce our electricity consumption in order to reduce pollution.

Question: Since most electrical plants burn gases what happens to pollution levels when we stop using electricity?
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: A
Background: The density of the atmosphere decreases with an increase in the height above sea level (altitude).

Question: the pilot was looking at the barometer in his airplane. he saw that with a decrease in height made the density be
Choices:
higher
lower
Answer: A
Background: The Earth travels faster in its elliptical orbit when it is closer to the Sun than when it is farther away.

Question: If the Earth is orbiting the Sun and it begins to move closer to it, what happens the speed the Earth is moving?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: As the Universe expands, galaxies move further and further apart.

Question: The increasing distances between galaxies indicates the Universe is
Choices:
expanding
contracting
Answer: A
Background: As the nail grows, more cells are added at the nail bed.

Question: Dana clipped her nails short, and waited for them to grow out again. When her nails reached a long length, Dana noted that the number of cells within them must have
Choices:
decreased
increased
Answer: B
Background: With a higher the concentration of hydrogen ions, a solution is more acidic and has a lower pH.

Question: Something with less hydrogen ions would have what pH value?
Choices:
high
low
Answer: A
Background: For a given medium, sound has a slower speed at lower temperatures.

Question: When Dave screams outside he notices that the sound travels at different speeds in different temperatures. The sound travels slower when it is
Choices:
cold.
hot
Answer: A
Background: The higher the crests of a wave are, the greater the amplitude.

Question: A wave that increases in height will _____ in amplitude.
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: With higher frequencies, the microwaves also have more energy.

Question: Lonnie increased the frequency of some microwaves he was working with. The resulting microwaves now contain _____ energy.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: Its harder to overcome friction between heavier objects and the floor than it is between lighter objects and the floor.

Question: If you were trying to push a box and wanted the one with the least friction which would you push?
Choices:
light box
Heavy box
Answer: A
Background: The more energy the particles in matter have, the faster and more strongly they vibrate.

Question: Chris sees a particle with great energy. Chris knows it has lots of energy because it vibrates
Choices:
weakly
powerfully
Answer: B
Background: Older age, male gender, and a family history of cardiovascular disease all increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and cant be controlled.

Question: Ramon was 50 years old and visiting his doctor. He wondered about his cardiovascular disease risk. The doctor said his risk is _____.
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: B
Background: Smaller tributary glaciers, like tributary streams, flow into the main glacier in their own shallower U-shaped valleys.

Question: If Milo is out exploring and he comes across two glaciers, each with their own u-shaped valley, will the smaller or larger glacier have a smaller u-shaped valley?
Choices:
larger glacier
smaller glacier
Answer: B
Background: As greenhouse gases increase, changes will be more extreme.

Question: When we have a lot less greenhouse gases in the air what happens to the temperature?
Choices:
increases
stays the same
Answer: B
Background: We need to reduce our electricity consumption in order to reduce pollution.

Question: Since most electrical plants burn gases what happens to pollution levels when we use more electricity?
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: B
Background: Thicker wires offer less resistance.

Question: Which likely offers the greatest amount of resistance?
Choices:
a boat towing cable
a telephone cable
Answer: B
Background: Many observatories are built on high mountains. There is less air above the telescope, so there is less interference from the atmosphere.

Question: Milo owns two telescopes, one at the top of a mountain and one at the base. If he looks through the one at the top of the mountain, how much interference can he expect compared to the one at the top of the mountain?
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: The pupil automatically gets bigger or smaller to let more or less light in as needed.

Question: John was observing the patient. He saw that as less light was let in, the pupil would get
Choices:
bigger
smaller.
Answer: B
Background: The more carbon atoms a hydrocarbon has, the greater the number of isomers.

Question: If Jim is comparing hydrocarbons and he finds one that has more carbon atoms, the number of isomers that hydrocarbon contains is
Choices:
greater
smaller
Answer: A
Background: We can say that resistance and current in an electric circuit areinversely proportional, because as the one increases, the other decreases, and vice versa.

Question: When resistance is increased in a wire what happens to the current?
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: A
Background: Air pressure is less at higher elevations.

Question: If Mona is climbing up a mountain and she reaches a low elevation, what will happen to the air pressure?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: The stratosphere contains the ozone layer, the temperatures increase as altitude increases.

Question: Dean is coming from space, and passes through the stratosphere. He looks at the temperature around him as he does, and he sees that as he heads toward the ground, the temperature
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: Water density increases as salinity and pressure increase, or as temperature decreases.

Question: Quenton removes salt from his spaghetti water. The water becomes _____ dense.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: Warm water cant hold as much dissolved oxygen as cool water, so an increase in the temperature of water decreases the amount of oxygen it contains.

Question: The oxygen levels in water wind up going down when the temperature
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: A: The more carbon atoms there are, the greater the number of possible arrangements of carbon atoms.

Question: When there are a lot of carbon atoms in something there are
Choices:
many options
few options
Answer: A
Background: The more carbon atoms a hydrocarbon has, the greater the number of isomers.

Question: When we look at a molecule we can determine that if it it has many atoms it will typically have _____ isomers
Choices:
many
few
Answer: A
Background: Lower rock layers were laid down earlier, so they are assumed to contain older fossils.

Question: Gerald laid down many rock layers. The layers on the top level were likely laid
Choices:
first
last
Answer: B
Background: The greater the objects mass, the greater the force of gravitational attraction.

Question: Will weighed himself on a scale. He weighs less than last year. His force of gravitational attraction
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: B
Background: New farm machines were invented. They increased the amount of food that could be produced. With more food, people were healthier and could live longer.

Question: A village is gathering food for the winter. The more food they gather the likelihood of survival being high is
Choices:
great
small
Answer: A
Background: As the water is pumped out, the water table slowly falls, requiring wells to be dug deeper, which takes more money and energy.

Question: When we are pumping all the water out of a lake the lake's water level will
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: At higher temperatures, particles of reactants have more energy, so they move faster. They are more likely to bump into one another and to collide with greater force.

Question: Rich is examining a cold particle and a hot particle. Which likely moves the fastest?
Choices:
the hot particle
the cold particle
Answer: A
Background: In general, the farther away from the Sun, the greater the distance from one planets orbit to the next.

Question: When we look at the solar system planets are more far apart
Choices:
closer to the sun
farther from the sun
Answer: B
Background: As the water is pumped out, the water table slowly falls, requiring wells to be dug deeper, which takes more money and energy.

Question: A place with a _____ water table means wells can be dug at deeper depths.
Choices:
high
low
Answer: B
Background: Different types of rocks weather at different rates. More resistant types of rocks will remain longer.

Question: Carter puts two rocks outside; one is a soft pebble, the other is a solid stone. A year later, he checks on the rocks. The solid stone is still there because it has a resistance that is
Choices:
greater
lesser
Answer: A
Background: Smoking reduces the amount of oxygen available for diffusion at the lungs, so less oxygen gets absorbed and blood is oxygenated to a lesser degree.

Question: Suppose that Mary hasn't started smoking yet. If you measured the oxygen levels in her blood now and compared them to oxygen levels after she's been smoking for 20 years, what would you find?
Choices:
less oxygen in her blood now
more oxygen in her blood now
Answer: B
Background: The main law is the law of superposition. This law states that deeper rock layers are older than layers closer to the surface.

Question: When you go into a cave, the rocks at deeper levels are _____ than the rocks on the surface.
Choices:
younger
older
Answer: B
Background: During inhalation, because the chest volume is larger, the air pressure inside the lungs is lower than the air pressure outside.

Question: Mike takes deep breaths, and knows that his chest volume is fairly sizable. Considering his chest size, the air pressure outside the lungs, compared to the air pressure inside, is
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: B
Background: The planets further from the Sun will have bigger orbits, and therefore take longer to revolve around the Sun.

Question: A planet with a small orbit will take _____ time to revolve around the Sun than one with a long orbit.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: The pupil automatically gets bigger or smaller to let more or less light in as needed.

Question: If a dim light were shined in a person's eye, would their pupil size
Choices:
grow
shrink?
Answer: A
Background: More particles inside the container means more collisions, and more collisions mean a higher pressure.

Question: A container that has more particles in it will have a
Choices:
higher pressure
lower pressure.
Answer: A
Background: Water also gets colder as you go deeper.

Question: Going shallower into water will result in a _____ temperature.
Choices:
warmer
colder
Answer: A
Background: If salt is added to a volume of water, there are more molecules in the same volume, so the water is denser.

Question: Will adds salt to the pot of water. The water's volume is now
Choices:
less dense
denser
Answer: B
Background: The more energy the particles in matter have, the faster and more strongly they vibrate.

Question: A particle with less energy will vibrate _____ than one with less energy.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: With a higher concentration of hydrogen ions, a solution is more acidic but has a lower pH.

Question: If Milo increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in his swimming pool, what happens to the acidity of his pool?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: Therefore, increasing the surface area of solid reactants increases the reaction rate.

Question: If you break up something before putting it into water it will dissolve
Choices:
slower
faster
Answer: B
Background: New farm machines were invented. They increased the amount of food that could be produced. With more food, people were healthier and could live longer.

Question: Jefferson built a faulty farm machine that decreased food production. This likely will cause the population's lifespan to
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: The size of the eroded particles depends on the velocity of the water. Eventually, the water deposits the materials. As water slows, larger particles are deposited. As the water slows even more, smaller particles are deposited.

Question: If the rate of flow in a river were increased, what would happen to the size of sediment particles being deposited on the riverbed?
Choices:
smaller particles would be deposited
larger particles would be deposited
Answer: B
Background: Bigger waves have more energy.

Question: Eric is surfing. The smaller wave can likely push him
Choices:
farther
less far
Answer: B
Background: Water flowing over a steeper slope moves faster and causes more erosion.

Question: Water falling down a tall mountain will move
Choices:
slower
faster
Answer: B
Background: Water also gets colder as you go deeper.

Question: Anna swims across the surface of a lake and later she plunges several feet below the surface to explore. At which depth will the temperature of the water be colder
Choices:
surface of water
several feet deep in water?
Answer: B
Background: A wave caused by a disturbance with more energy has greater amplitude.

Question: A dolphin is swimming through waves in the ocean. The dolphin jumps out of the water then falls back in, creating a wave through the dolphin's disturbing the water. Nearby, turtle flaps it's fin and makes another wave. The waves the dolphin made will have an amplitude that is
Choices:
lesser
greater
Answer: B
Background: Waves with shorter wavelengths have more energy.

Question: Mo has a wave with a short wavelength. He notices the wavelength growing over time. The wave now has _____ energy.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: A
Background: The more an elastic object is stretched or compressed, the greater its elastic potential energy is.

Question: Dan is snapping a rubber band at Sarah. He stretches the band as much as he can before he snaps it this time, which will mean its potential energy is
Choices:
large
small
Answer: A
Background: The folds present in the membrane increase the surface area allowing more ribosomes to be present on the ER, thereby allowing greater protein production.

Question: A decrease in protein production indicates _____ ribosomes on the ER.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: An object with greater mass or greater velocity has more kinetic energy.

Question: Which object likely contains less energy?
Choices:
a pinhead
the sun
Answer: A
Background: The pupil automatically gets bigger or smaller to let more or less light in as needed.

Question: If Jim's pupil gets smaller, what will happen to the amount of light that enters his eye?
Choices:
more light will enter
less light will enter
Answer: B
Background: The more cylinders a car engine has, the more powerful its engine can be.

Question: Does a car with a 4 cylinder engine have more power or less power than an 8 cylinder engine.
Choices:
More
Less
Answer: B
Background: As animals grow their bones get longer and bigger, they grow more hair, and are able to take care of themselves by getting food, shelter, and water.

Question: If an animal is growing normally, it should develop _____ hair.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: Air pressure is less at higher elevations.

Question: If Mona is climbing up a mountain and she reaches a high elevation, what will happen to the air pressure?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: The hotter a main sequence star is, the brighter it is.

Question: Compared to the Sun, which is an average star, would CFBDSIR 1458, the coldest star, be
Choices:
brighter than the Sun
dimmer than the Sun?
Answer: B
Background: With higher levels of dissolved carbon dioxide in ocean water, the water becomes more acidic.

Question: Bob is testing samples of ocean water from different places. The sample of water from off India's coast has less dissolved carbon dioxide, than the sample of water from off the United States' coast. Therefore, the water from _____ coast is more acidic.
Choices:
India's
United States'
Answer: B
Background: The more extreme the amount of metamorphism, the more difficult it is to tell what the original rock was.

Question: John was looking at the rocks, and noticed something. The less the metamorphism in the rock, the difficulty to tell what it was
Choices:
Increased
Decreased
Answer: B
Background: At higher temperatures, particles of reactants have more energy, so they move faster. They are more likely to bump into one another and to collide with greater force.

Question: Rich is examining a cold particle and a hot particle. Which likely moves the slowest?
Choices:
the hot particle
the cold particle
Answer: B
Background: The closer objects are, the stronger the gravitational pull between them.

Question: Mary is looking through her new telescope. She sees some objects in space that are exerting gravitational pulls on each other. If the first two objects are 50,000 miles apart, and the second set of objects are 100,000 miles apart from each other, then the gravitational pull of the first set of objects is
Choices:
greater
less.
Answer: A
Background: Bigger atoms have more electrons.

Question: Mona is comparing the size of two atoms in her science lab. If she notices that one atom is smaller then the other, what does that tell her about the number of electrons it has?
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: Countries with more industry produce more hazardous wastes than those with little industry.

Question: Will lives in England and Tony lives in Ethiopia. Whose country likely produces more hazardous waste?
Choices:
Tony
Will
Answer: B
Background: Less photosynthesis means that plants and phytoplankton produce less food.

Question: Sarah's plants have been struggling to photosynthesize regularly, so that means that the plants now produce food in amounts that are
Choices:
lesser
greater
Answer: A
Background: Size restriction: The final body size is limited because as the body size increases, the surface area to volume ratio decreases.

Question: John was watching the car being built. He observed that the larger the body size, the surface area to volume ration
Choices:
Increased
Decreased
Answer: B
Background: Alkanes with more carbon atoms have higher boiling and melting points, so some of them are solids at room temperature.

Question: Kathy did some experiments on two different alkanes and one of the alkanes had twice as many carbon atoms than the other. She would notice that which alkane would require a higher temperature to melt
Choices:
alkane with fewer carbon atoms
alkane with more carbon atoms?
Answer: B
Background: The older a person is, the greater their chance of developing a cardiovascular disease.

Question: Milo is older then Jerry. Who has the greater chance of developing cardiovascular disease?
Choices:
Milo
Jerry
Answer: A
Background: When a person smokes there are chemicals released by the tobacco that enter the lungs. Because the lungs have to work harder to remove the chemicals, the body has to work harder to get the air needed to survive.

Question: A smoker's body works _____ just to get needed air.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: So the higher an object is above a surface, the more potential energy it has.

Question: A ball that is on the top of the empire state building about to be dropped off will have _____ potential energy than a ball on the ground.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: The development of better missiles fostered better rocket technologies.

Question: If Mona works in a defense lab and her company develops better missiles, what happens to the advancement of rocket technologies?
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: B
Background: The further objects are away from each other, the smaller the gravitational force.

Question: If Mona is holding two pieces of fruit and she moves them closer to each other, what happens to the gravitational force between the two fruits?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: When we add resistors in parallel to each other the total resistance decreases and the current increases.

Question: Mona is building a circuit. If she subtracts resistors in parallel what happens to the total resistance of the circuit?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: Thicker resistors offer less resistance than thinner resistors.

Question: Tony is laying cable that is 1 inch in diameter, while Rita lays cable that is 0.1 inches in diameter. Who's cable offers less resistance?
Choices:
Tony
Rita
Answer: A
Background: A stronger acid produces a greater concentration of ions than a weaker acid.

Question: If an acid is strong, it's concentration of ions will be
Choices:
increased
decreased.
Answer: A
Background: The farther the object is stretched or compressed, the greater its elastic potential energy is.

Question: When we compress a spring down a lot what happens to the potential energy?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: The louder the sounds are, the less exposure is needed to cause hearing loss.

Question: If you are at a loud rock concert what will happen to your hearing?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: The Earth travels faster in its elliptical orbit when it is closer to the Sun than when it is farther away.

Question: When something is gravitationally farther to something else it will go
Choices:
slower
faster
Answer: A
Background: More dense water takes up less space than less dense water.

Question: Jan poured a liquid solution into a bottle and the solution was very dense, so in the bottle it took up
Choices:
more room
less room
Answer: B
Background: The trade-off when the threads are closer together, is that more turns of the screw or bolt are needed to do the job because the distance over which the input force must be applied is greater.

Question: If you need to turn a screw more times that requires
Choices:
less force
more force
Answer: B
Background: The farther the sound waves travel away from the source, the more spread out their energy becomes.

Question: Eric hears a sound that is very close. If this is the first sound he heard, this sound is likely
Choices:
strong
weak
Answer: B
Background: Genotypes with greater fitness produce more offspring and pass more copies of their alleles to the next generation.

Question: Jean and John were going to have a baby, and they are both in terrible shape. Jean and John are likely to have offspring in numbers that are
Choices:
greater
smaller
Answer: B
Background: The higher up a food chain that humans eat, the greater the levels of toxic metals they take in.

Question: If Jim eats animals that are higher on the food chain, the amount of toxic metals that enter his body are
Choices:
greater
smaller
Answer: A
Background: The faster, longer, and farther the wind blows, the bigger the waves are.

Question: Dan is on a ship, and sees that the waves are getting small! Dan can deduce that it means that the wind is blowing
Choices:
harder
softer
Answer: B
Background: Richer nations use far more energy resources, especially fossil fuels, than poorer nations do.

Question: John is from Chile. When he visited a richer country, he noticed the use of energy resources there was
Choices:
more
less.
Answer: A
Background: Pigments in the skin act like a filter that can prevent the skin from making vitamin D. As a result, people with darker skin need more time in the sun than people with lighter skin to make the same amount of vitamin D.

Question: Caucasian Americans have lighter skin than other Americans. Researchers were not surprised to discover therefore, that vitamin D insufficiency among Caucasian Americans is _____ than among other Americans?
Choices:
more prevalent
less prevalent
Answer: B
Background: Larger telescopes can collect more light and see finer details than smaller telescopes.

Question: Dan wanted to be able to see the least light and detail when buying a telescope. Dan decided to buy a telescope that was
Choices:
smaller
larger
Answer: A
Background: Thicker resistors offer less resistance than thinner resistors.

Question: Mona is creating a circuit board in her lab for work. If she decreases the thickness of the resistors on the board, what happens to the overall resistance of the circuit?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: If the gas is cooled, the particles will move more slowly, because they will have less energy.

Question: John is playing around with different temperature settings on his bunsen burner. If he heats up a gas in the burner and then lets the gas cool down, what would happen to the gas particles as the temperature got lower?
Choices:
they would slow down
they would speed up
Answer: A
Background: Nations that have more industry produce more hazardous waste.

Question: A small nation decided to lower its production capabilities and shut down several large factories. Would the river next to the factories have
Choices:
more hazardous waste
less hazardous waste?
Answer: B
Background: More particles inside the container means more collisions, and more collisions mean a higher pressure.

Question: What happens to the pressure inside of Jim's beaker if he decreases the amount of collisions between particles inside of it?
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: A
Background: The more cylinders a car engine has, the more powerful its engine can be.

Question: Does a car with an 8 cylinder engine have more power or less power than a 4 cylinder engine.
Choices:
More
Less
Answer: A
Background: We can say that resistance and current in an electric circuit areinversely proportional, because as the one increases, the other decreases, and vice versa.

Question: If current is increasing, there must be _____ resistance in the circuit.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B