allenai/quartz huggingface dataset:
Background: Water flowing over a steeper slope moves faster and causes more erosion.

Question: Kelly built a home with a gorgeous ocean view, and he decided to level the surrounding area. As a result, erosion is occurring
Choices:
faster
slower
Answer: B
Background: Pigments in the skin act like a filter that can prevent the skin from making vitamin D. As a result, people with darker skin need more time in the sun than people with lighter skin to make the same amount of vitamin D.

Question: A dark skinned man and a light skinned man are being tested to see who produces vitamin D faster. The light skinned person will have vitamin D in amounts that are
Choices:
greater
lesser
Answer: A
Background: The more curved the surface of a lens is, the more it refracts light.

Question: If Mona is building a new mirror and she wants it to refract less light, what should she do to the surface of the lens?
Choices:
make it more curved
make it less curved
Answer: B
Background: The more energy the particles in matter have, the faster and more strongly they vibrate.

Question: Someone that has a lot of energy will be
Choices:
slow
fast
Answer: B
Background: The elastic force increases the more the material is stretched or compressed.

Question: When a rubber band is stretched, its elastic force
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: Larger alkenes have lower boiling and melting points.

Question: A smaller alkenes will melt _____ than a bigger one.
Choices:
sooner
later
Answer: A
Background: The more acidic a solution is, the closer its pH value will be to 0

Question: Erin is trying to get her solution to have a pH as close to zero as possible. The best way for Erin to do that is to have the acidity of the solution
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: B
Background: Lower rock layers were laid down earlier, so they are assumed to contain older fossils.

Question: Everett dug down 100 feet while Jamie dug down 1000 feet. Who is more likely to find old fossils?
Choices:
Everett
Jamie
Answer: B
Background: As more resistors are added in series, the total resistance of the circuit increases.

Question: John was building a circuit in the electrical room when he noticed something. The more resistors he removed, the level of resistance would
Choices:
Decrease
Increase
Answer: A
Background: Water density increases as salinity and pressure increase, or as temperature decreases.

Question: By removing a pound of salt from a bucket of fresh water, could you cause the density of the water to
Choices:
increase
decrease?
Answer: B
Background: Differences in air pressure over the surface of the Earth result in wind. The greater the differences in air pressures, the stronger the wind.

Question: In tornadoes the less differences in air pressure cause _____ winds.
Choices:
lesser
stronger
Answer: A
Background: The smaller its mass is, the greater its acceleration for a given amount of force.

Question: Will weighs 180 pounds while Nat weights 120 pounds, who would accelerate more after the same force is applied?
Choices:
Will
Nat
Answer: B
Background: Exercising muscles increases their size, and bigger muscles have greater strength.

Question: Dwayne Johnson is much stronger than Kevin Hart because he exercises more and therefore his muscles have grown
Choices:
larger or
smaller.
Answer: A
Background: When two skateboarders push against each other, it causes them to move apart. The harder they push together, the farther apart they move.

Question: John was watching the two men fighting and shoving each other. He observed that the softer they push, their movement will become
Choices:
Greater
Lesser
Answer: B
Background: Fossils found at the lowest layer of rock would be the oldest, as these would have been buried for the longest time, whereas fossils found closer to the surface would be buried more recently and therefore be younger.

Question: As we dig deeper in the search for fossils the fossils get
Choices:
younger
older
Answer: B
Background: The longer the exposure, the more light that the telescope can gather to make the image.

Question: The shorter the telescope stays focused the _____ the stars appear.
Choices:
more bright
less bright
Answer: B
Background: The darker the urine, the less water it contains.

Question: Mona urinated yesterday morning and the urine was very light. When she urinated today the urine was very dark. Which urination contained less water?
Choices:
yesterday morning
today
Answer: B
Background: Countries with more industry produce more hazardous wastes than those with little industry.

Question: If your country has a little industry it likely has _____ hazardous waste.
Choices:
a lot of
not so much
Answer: B
Background: Increasing air temperature decreases atmospheric pressure.

Question: If the air temperature rises during a heat wave, what is likely happening to the atmospheric pressure?
Choices:
It will increase
It will decrease
Answer: B
Background: As animals grow their bones get longer and bigger, they grow more hair, and are able to take care of themselves by getting food, shelter, and water.

Question: Scuffy was a puppy, and now he is a sick dog. Now that Scruffy is smaller, shorter, and balder than before, Scrufffy can take care of himself
Choices:
better
worse
Answer: B
Background: The more cylinders a car engine has, the more powerful its engine can be.

Question: A car with 4 cylinders is _____ than a car with 6 cylinders.
Choices:
less powerful
more powerful
Answer: A
Background: More particles inside the container means more collisions, and more collisions mean a higher pressure.

Question: What happens to the pressure inside of Jim's beaker if he increases the amount of collisions between particles inside of it?
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: B
Background: Aerobic exercise increases the size and strength of muscles in the heart and helps all your muscles develop greater endurance.

Question: Sasha exercises her muscles with weights daily, while Tanya does not exercise ever. Who likely has stronger muscles?
Choices:
Sasha
Tanya
Answer: A
Background: Breast cancer is rare in teens but becomes more common as females get older.

Question: Jolene's grandmother just turned 66 years old. She is _____ likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer than her granddaughter.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: The closer together the particles in a longitudinal wave are, the greater the amplitude.

Question: When particles get farther apart what happens to the amplitude?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: Longer length resistors will offer more resistance than shorter resistors.

Question: If you have a wire that is short it will have
Choices:
low resistance
high resistance
Answer: A
Background: At higher elevations, there is less air to press on a given area.

Question: If Mona is climbing a mountain and she moves to the bottom of the mountain, what happens to the air pressure pressing against her skin?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: Thicker resistors offer less resistance than thinner resistors.

Question: A large piece of wire will carry _____ current than a thin wire.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: The closer objects are to each other, the stronger the gravitational force between them.

Question: If Jim is playing with some objects and moving them around and he moves them closer together, the gravitational force between them
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: The closer objects are, the stronger the gravitational pull between them.

Question: Mary is looking through her new telescope. She sees some objects in space that are exerting gravitational pulls on each other. If the first two objects are 50,000 miles apart, and the second set of objects are 100,000 miles apart from each other, then the gravitational pull of the second set of objects is
Choices:
greater
less.
Answer: B
Background: Sea level rises if an increase in seafloor spreading rate buoys up the ocean crust, causing the ocean basin to become smaller.

Question: Sam creates a replica of an ocean. He decreases the size of the ocean basin, which should _____ the sea level of the model.
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: B
Background: Warmer molecules vibrate faster than cooler ones.

Question: Carl cooled water for hot tea, and knew that as the water boiled, the vibrations would
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: The pupil automatically gets bigger or smaller to let more or less light in as needed.

Question: Dana was walking outside on a dark day, and then went into a bright theater. Dana's pupil will now likely be _____ compared to when she was outside
Choices:
smaller
larger
Answer: A
Background: More recently, the death rate has fallen because of the availability of more food and medical advances.

Question: When people learned how to farm the population
Choices:
decreased
increased
Answer: B
Background: As animals grow their bones get longer and bigger, they grow more hair, and are able to take care of themselves by getting food, shelter, and water.

Question: As Peter's dog got bigger, the dog's bones became
Choices:
larger
smaller
Answer: A
Background: Bigger atoms have more electrons.

Question: As atoms get smaller, they are able to attract
Choices:
more electrons
less electrons
Answer: B
Background: Objects that are closer together have a stronger force of gravity between them.

Question: As two objects move closer together, the force of gravity between them
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: Muscles that are exercised are bigger and stronger than muscles that are not exercised.

Question: Jimbo liked to work out a lot, while James never worked out. Which person would have weaker muscles?
Choices:
Jimbo
James
Answer: B
Background: Acids have pH values below 7. The lower the pH value, the more strongly acidic the substance.

Question: A pH value of 9 has a _____ acidity level than a pH value of 8.
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: A
Background: At higher elevations, there is less air to press on a given area.

Question: As Brian descended Mount Everest, there was _____ air.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: This means that as wavelengths get shorter, more waves move past a particular spot in the same amount of time.

Question: As the train approached the intersection and blew its horn, expanding the wavelengths of the sound, did the frequency of the horn
Choices:
increase
decrease?
Answer: B
Background: The faster the clicks of a Geiger counter occur, the higher the level of radiation.

Question: By waving a Geiger counter that was previously only clicking once a minute over a block of Uranium, was the scientist able to hear
Choices:
more clicks
fewer clicks?
Answer: A
Background: The higher the temperature, the more energy the particles have and the faster they will move and diffuse.

Question: If a particle were to cool down, it would have _____ energy.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: If salt is added to a volume of water, there are more molecules in the same volume, so the water is denser.

Question: Penny added salt to her cup of water and noticed the water got _____.
Choices:
thicker
thinner
Answer: A
Background: The greater the objects mass, the greater the force of gravitational attraction.

Question: When two things are small they have what level of gravitational force?
Choices:
High
Low
Answer: B
Background: For a given medium, sound waves travel more slowly at lower temperatures.

Question: Compared to sound waves travelling through a cup of ice water, would sound waves travelling through a cup of boiling water move
Choices:
slower
faster?
Answer: B
Background: Bigger waves have more energy.

Question: A taller wave on the ocean has _____ strength than a smaller wave.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Longer length resistors will offer more resistance than shorter resistors.

Question: Ed is adding a resistor to a circuit. If he needs it to have less resistance, he should add a resistor that is
Choices:
shorter.
longer
Answer: A
Background: A fluid exerts pressure in all directions, but the pressure is greater at greater depth.

Question: We are designing a submarine to study fish that live far below the surface of the ocean. Before we can send a human researcher down in the submarine, we have to be sure it can tolerate the pressure of the water without cracking. The tougher test will be to send our submarine down to
Choices:
500 feet or
1500 feet?
Answer: B
Background: The surface is heated by the Sun and some of that heat radiates back into the air. This makes the temperature higher near the surface than at higher altitudes.

Question: Jeff goes to Death Valley and launches his personal spacecraft into orbit. He then returns to earth, and as his altitude decreases, the temperature he feels
Choices:
drops
rises
Answer: B
Background: The warmer a climate is, the more types of vegetation it will have and the greater the rate of biological weathering.

Question: If Mona is exploring different continents and she notices that Africa is warmer then North America, which continent will have more types of vegetation?
Choices:
North America
Africa
Answer: B
Background: Breast cancer is rare in teens but becomes more common as females get older.

Question: A young female is _____ likely to acquire breast cancer than an older female.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: With fewer trees, the air is drier and droughts are more common.

Question: Dan notices that there were no new trees planted this year. Since there are so few trees in the area, Dan expects the air to be
Choices:
moist
dry
Answer: B
Background: More dense water takes up less space than less dense water.

Question: Jan poured a liquid solution into a bottle and the solution was not dense, so in the bottle it took up
Choices:
more room
less room
Answer: A
Background: As more resistors are added in parallel, the total current strength increases.

Question: Jay adds less resistors in parallel to a circuit. The total current strength
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: A
Background: Increasing the number of resistors in a series circuit increases the overall resistance of the circuit.

Question: When we are building a computer if we want to add resistance we need
Choices:
more resistors
fewer resistors
Answer: A
Background: Many of the worlds people live with water scarcity, and that percentage will increase as populations increase and climate changes.

Question: The population in Milo's city has been increasing recently. What will happen to the city's level of water scarcity?
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: B
Background: When the heart expels more blood with each stroke, the heart has to beat less often in order to maintain the same volume of blood flow.

Question: Jon was jogging, and quickening his pace. His heart is beating _____.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: We also saw that adding resistors to a series circuit increases the total resistance of the circuit, causing the current to decrease.

Question: Ron takes away resistors from his series circuit. The current in his circuit will
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: Rougher surfaces have more friction between them than smoother surfaces.

Question: If a surface were to be smoothed, it should encounter _____ friction.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: Older age, male gender, and a family history of cardiovascular disease all increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and cant be controlled.

Question: Rich is 60 years old and Tony is 30 years old. _____ has a lesser risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
Choices:
Rich
Tony
Answer: B
Background: Chemical weathering increases as: Temperature increases: Chemical reactions proceed more rapidly at higher temperatures.

Question: John was combining chemicals in his lab one day. If he were to decrease the temperature in his lab, what would happen to the rate of chemical reactions in his experiments?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: Areas near the equator are warmer than areas near the poles because they receive more direct sunlight.

Question: Mona loves to travel the world. She has been to nearly every country. If she notices that some countries appear to be cooler then others, what can she determine about their proximity to the equator?
Choices:
farther away
closer
Answer: A
Background: Therefore, water nearer shore usually contains more dissolved nutrients than water farther from shore.

Question: Eric analyzes water while deep sea fishing and compares it to water near the shore. The shore water has _____ nutrients than the deep sea water.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: When particles move more quickly, temperature is higher and an object feels warmer.

Question: When Milo cools down a pan on the stove, the particles begin to
Choices:
move more quickly
move more slowly
Answer: B
Background: More water allows more chemical reactions.

Question: Rita removed more water to her beaker. The amount of possible chemical reactions
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: A
Background: Anaerobic exercises cause muscles to get bigger and stronger.

Question: Drake goes to the gym every day and works out. The less time that Drake spends exercising, his muscles will be
Choices:
smaller
bigger
Answer: A
Background: Warm air is less dense than cool air, so it rises higher in the troposphere.

Question: If Mona cools down the air she is putting into her weather balloon, what will happen to the height that it can rise into the troposphere?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: Air pressure is less at higher elevations.

Question: We don't need oxygen masks when we descend Everest because the air pressure is
Choices:
low
high
Answer: B
Background: The folds present in the membrane increase the surface area allowing more ribosomes to be present on the ER, thereby allowing greater protein production.

Question: If there is less surface area on an item then it will have
Choices:
more ribosomes
less ribosomes
Answer: B
Background: Size restriction: The final body size is limited because as the body size increases, the surface area to volume ratio decreases.

Question: As Jimbo grows older and his body size gets bigger, what happens to his surface area to volume ratio?
Choices:
gets bigger
gets smaller
Answer: B
Background: Warm air is less dense than cool air, so it rises higher in the troposphere.

Question: If Mona heats up the air she is putting into her weather balloon, what will happen to the height that it can rise into the troposphere?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: The more tightly packed the particles inside the material are, the more dense we say they are.

Question: Eric has a soccer ball and kicks it into a rock of roughly the same size. The rock doesn't move and the ball bounces away. The rock is _____ dense than the ball.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: An object has greater momentum if it has greater mass, greater velocity, or both.

Question: If Mary is weighing two objects and she notices that her orange has a larger mass then her cherry, which object will have greater momentum?
Choices:
cherry
orange
Answer: B
Background: The longer the resistor, the more resistance it has.

Question: A resistor with low resistance indicates it is
Choices:
long
short
Answer: B
Background: A: As the car approaches the radar gun, the reflected microwaves get bunched up in front of the car. Therefore, the waves the receiver detects have a higher frequency than they would if they were being reflected from a stationary object. The faster the car is moving, the greater the increase in the frequency of the waves.

Question: Officer Ricky points a radar gun at a car. A speeding car likely has _____ frequency waves bouncing off of it.
Choices:
higher
lower
Answer: A
Background: An object with greater mass or greater velocity has more kinetic energy.

Question: When a car has more velocity what happens to its kinetic energy?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: When we add resistors in parallel to each other the total resistance decreases and the current increases.

Question: If we change resistors in series to not be in parallel the resistance
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: The faster, longer, and farther the wind blows, the bigger the waves are.

Question: At the beach, Sean noticed that the wind was calming down, and got into the water to enjoy the waves that were
Choices:
bigger
smaller
Answer: B
Background: As the rocks move deeper into the Earth, temperature and pressure increase.

Question: Carter buries cans of soda in the dirt. The shallower the holes for the cans of soda, the pressure will be
Choices:
lesser
greater
Answer: A
Background: The more basic a solution is, the closer its pH value will be to 14.

Question: If Jim increases how basic his solution is, it means the solution proximity to pH 14 is
Choices:
decreased
increased
Answer: B
Background: Shorter wavelengths (higher frequencies) correspond to higher energies and thus hotter star temperatures.

Question: Sue sees a star with a high frequency. Erin sees a star with a low frequency. The hotter star belongs to
Choices:
Sue
Erin
Answer: A
Background: As humidity increases, the water potential gradient across the inside and outside the leaf become more equal, and so the rate of transpiration decreases.

Question: Ian wants the transpiration rate to decrease in his leaves, so he will do what with the humidity levels
Choices:
decrease them
increase them
Answer: B
Background: The greater the mass of the objects, the stronger the gravitational pull between them.

Question: Ivan and Rita weighed themselves. Ivan weighs less than Rita. Who has a larger gravitational pull?
Choices:
Ivan
Rita
Answer: B
Background: Waves with shorter wavelengths have more energy.

Question: Mo has a wave with a short wavelength. He notices the wavelength shrinking over time. The wave now has _____ energy.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: Decreasing air temperature increases atmospheric pressure.

Question: Rich lives in Chicago, Illinois while Rachel lives in Sydney, Australia. Who likely experiences more atmospheric pressure in December?
Choices:
Rich
Rachel
Answer: A
Background: Low food supply or a lack of space can lower birth rates, increase death rates, or lead to emigration.

Question: An increase in birth rates indicates a/an _____ in the food supply.
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: B
Background: The glaciers on Earth are getting smaller and smaller as Earths temperature rises.

Question: If Earth's temperature were to plummet, there would be _____ glaciers.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Increasing air temperature decreases atmospheric pressure.

Question: Donna gets headaches from having too much pressure in the atmosphere, so if Donna doesn't have a headache today, it means the air temperature is
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: B
Background: The glaciers on Earth are getting smaller and smaller as Earths temperature rises.

Question: Rick is able to prove that in fifty years, the Earth's average temperature will be significantly lower. Based off of this information, he could also deduce then that the number of glacier's on earth in 50 years will be
Choices:
higher
lower
Answer: A
Background: Nations that have more industry produce more hazardous waste.

Question: A small nation decided to ramp up its production capabilities and built several large factories. Would the river next to the factories have
Choices:
more hazardous waste
less hazardous waste?
Answer: A
Background: Larger telescopes can collect more light and see finer details than smaller telescopes.

Question: Mike had a small telescope for years and years. Recently, his wife purchased him a bigger one. Compared to the smaller telescope, the amount of light the new, bigger one would collect would be
Choices:
less.
more
Answer: B
Background: When a person exercises regularly, and is fit, the heart undergoes certain long-term adaptations. The heart muscle gets stronger, and expels more blood with each contraction.

Question: If you spend very little time working out your muscles will be
Choices:
smaller
larger
Answer: A
Background: If salt is added to a volume of water, there are more molecules in the same volume, so the water is denser.

Question: Penny removed salt from her cup of water and noticed the water got _____.
Choices:
thicker
thinner
Answer: B
Background: Plug-in hybrids run for a longer time on electricity and so are less polluting than regular hybrids.

Question: Would a diesel powered submarine release less pollution if it were running on
Choices:
its diesel engine
its battery backup power?
Answer: B
Background: Water density increases as salinity and pressure increase, or as temperature decreases.

Question: As Cindy swam deeper into the ocean, it got darker and _____.
Choices:
warmer
cooler
Answer: B
Background: The closer together the particles in a longitudinal wave are, the greater the amplitude.

Question: Causing particles in a longitudinal wave to move further apart causes the amplitude to
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: A
Background: In erosion, a slower moving stream will only carry smaller particles.

Question: A slow moving stream is capable of carrying _____ particles than a fast moving stream.
Choices:
larger
smaller
Answer: B
Background: The sooner cancer is treated, the greater the chances of a cure.

Question: If we are able to catch a disease early we the chance of curing it is
Choices:
less likely
more likely
Answer: B
Background: The more curved the surface of a lens is, the more it refracts light.

Question: Compared to the curved lenses of a pair of binoculars, would a large flat sheet of glass refract
Choices:
less light?
more light
Answer: A
Background: Bigger atoms have more electrons.

Question: Evan has a 10 meter atom model. Quentin has a 20 meter atom model. Whose atom would probably have less electrons if they are different elements to the same scale?
Choices:
Evan's
Quentin's
Answer: A
Background: The hotter a resistor becomes the more resistance it has.

Question: Paul measured a resistor's temperature at 20C. Another resistor he measured at 30C. If both resistors are the same type, which offers more resistance?
Choices:
20C
30C
Answer: B
Background: Most nutrients are washed into ocean water from land. Therefore, water closer to shore tends to have more nutrients.

Question: Dave is taking water samples from various parts of Lake Erie. He takes the first sample very close to the shore line. The second sample he takes from the middle of the lake. He expects that the _____ sample will have more nutrients in it/
Choices:
second
first
Answer: B
Background: The glaciers on Earth are getting smaller and smaller as Earths temperature rises.

Question: Rick is able to prove that in fifty years, the Earth's average temperature will be significantly higher. Based off of this information, he could also deduce then that the number of glacier's on earth in 50 years will be
Choices:
higher
lower
Answer: B
Background: In the thermosphere, temperatures increase as altitude increases.

Question: Tom is flying at the top of the thermosphere while Rita is flying near the bottom. Who experiences the greatest temperature?
Choices:
Tom
Rita
Answer: A
Background: The higher the crests of a wave are, the greater the amplitude.

Question: Ian surfed a 6 foot wave. Tony surfed a 10 foot wave. The wave with the highest amplitude was
Choices:
Tony's
Ian's
Answer: A
Background: Thicker wires offer less resistance.

Question: Chris is trying to rewire his home. He wants to install wiring that has the least resistance. He has two choice of wires. the first type of wire is 12 gauge. The second type of wire is thicker at 16 gauge. The wire that offers the most resistance will be the
Choices:
first type of wire
second type of wire
Answer: A
Background: More dense water takes up less space than less dense water.

Question: Jeff found some very dense water. He knows it is dense because it takes up _____ space than less dense water.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: In refraction of light, the greater the change in speed, the more light bends.

Question: When light travels faster, the light refracting bends
Choices:
more
less.
Answer: A
Background: The warmer a climate is, the more types of vegetation it will have and the greater the rate of biological weathering.

Question: Plants grow better in tropical areas because it is
Choices:
colder
warmer
Answer: B
Background: Water near shore generally has more dissolved nutrients than water farther from shore.

Question: If Jim samples water that is close to the shore and water that is far from the shore, which sample will contain more nutrients?
Choices:
water far from shore
water near shore
Answer: B
Background: We also saw that adding resistors to a series circuit increases the total resistance of the circuit, causing the current to decrease.

Question: If Mona is building a new circuit and she removes serial resistors from it, what happens to the total current in that circuit?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: Different types of rocks weather at different rates. More resistant types of rocks will remain longer.

Question: RJ diamond is more resistant to weathering while Tony has some sandstone which is less resistant to weathering. Whose rock will likely not last as long?
Choices:
RJ's
Tony's
Answer: B
Background: The louder the sounds are, the less exposure is needed to cause hearing loss.

Question: Tina is at a loud concert. She is _____ susceptible to hearing loss as she gets closer to the speakers.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: In erosion, the higher the elevation, the farther the stream is from where it will reach base level and the more cutting it has to do.

Question: When water is eroding down a river it will do less cutting if it is
Choices:
low
high
Answer: A
Background: A sunscreen with a higher SPF value protects the skin longer.

Question: Jimbo is going to the beach and he wants to ensure he has the highest sun protection for his skin. Should he wear a sunscreen with a higher SPF or a lower SPF?
Choices:
higher SPF
lower SPF
Answer: A
Background: Because all electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed through space, a wave with a shorter wavelength must have a higher frequency, and vice versa.

Question: John was looking at the magnetic reader in the lab. What he observed was that as a wave with a shorter wavelength traveled, the frequency became
Choices:
Lower
Higher
Answer: A
Background: As you go farther from the nucleus of an atom, the electron levels have more and more energy.

Question: Eric pulls an electron away from the nucleus of an atom. The electron _____ energy.
Choices:
loses
gains
Answer: A
Background: The closer objects are to each other, the stronger the gravitational force between them.

Question: When a star is nearing a planet, the star will be pulled into it if the gravitational force is
Choices:
weaker
stronger
Answer: B
Background: A stronger acid produces a greater concentration of ions than a weaker acid.

Question: If Jim increases the strength of an acid he is playing with, the concentration of ions in that acid
Choices:
falls
rises
Answer: B
Background: In general, fossils in older rocks are less similar to modern organisms.

Question: Dan is comparing a mosquito that has been fossilized to a mosquito that he saw in a museum. Since the fossilized mosquito is millions of years old, the similarities between the organisms will be
Choices:
many
few
Answer: A
Background: As you increase the number of carbon atoms in a hydrocarbon, the number of isomers quickly increases.

Question: A hydrocarbon that halves its carbon atoms will cause an _____ in the amount of isomers.
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: A
Background: In erosion, a slower moving stream will only carry smaller particles.

Question: John was watching the movement of a stream in the forest. He noticed that the faster moving stream could carry particles that are
Choices:
Larger
Smaller
Answer: A
Background: Its harder to overcome friction between heavier objects and the floor than it is between lighter objects and the floor.

Question: Mike is trying to make two different things slide across the ground. One is block, the other is a chair. The thing that will be easiest to push has
Choices:
more mass
less mass
Answer: B
Background: A sunscreen with a higher SPF value protects the skin longer.

Question: John was analyzing some of the results from his sunscreen study. He found that a lower SPF protects the skin
Choices:
Shorter
Longer
Answer: A
Background: In electromagnetic waves with higher frequencies, photons have more energy.

Question: If Jim increases the frequency of the radio waves on his shortwave radio, will the radio use
Choices:
less energy?
more or
Answer: B
Background: An increase in predators, the emergence of a new disease, or the loss of habitat are just three possible problems that will decrease a population.

Question: Compared to an island filled with tigers, would a similar island with no tigers be
Choices:
less likely to have an overwhelming deer population
more likely to have an overwhelming deer population?
Answer: B
Background: Water flowing over a steeper slope moves faster and causes more erosion.

Question: Lana is watching two waterfalls. The first waterfall is very steep, and the other is just a slope. The waterfall which will have the most erosion at the bottom is the one with the water which falls
Choices:
slower
faster
Answer: B
Background: With a higher concentration of hydrogen ions, a solution is more acidic but has a lower pH.

Question: Dean wants his solution to be as acidic as possible, so his concentration of hydrogen ions will be
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: B
Background: Exercising muscles increases their size, and bigger muscles have greater strength.

Question: Tim went to the gym frequently, while Geremy did not. Who likely has larger muscles?
Choices:
Geremy
Tim
Answer: B
Background: The thinner the wire, the more resistance it offers.

Question: Which wire likely has the greatest amount of resistance?
Choices:
a bridge suspension cable
a paper clip
Answer: B
Background: Longer wavelength electromagnetic waves have lower frequencies, and shorter wavelength waves have higher frequencies.

Question: High frequency bass notes have what length wavelengths
Choices:
long
short
Answer: B
Background: Gluons make quarks attract each other more strongly the farther apart the quarks get.

Question: When there are high levels of gluons in quarks it becomes
Choices:
weaker
stronger
Answer: B
Background: The upper rock layers are much younger.

Question: Rich was examining a cliff face. Which part of the cliff is younger, geologically speaking?
Choices:
the base
the top
Answer: B
Background: So more water is displaced by a bigger body than a smaller one.

Question: Sally drops a bowling ball into a small wading pool, then she drops a much smaller baseball into the same wading pool. She notices that the baseball causes less water to splash out, this means that less water is displaced by the
Choices:
larger bowling ball
smaller baseball.
Answer: B
Background: More water allows more chemical reactions.

Question: Rita added more water to her beaker. The amount of possible chemical reactions
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: B
Background: Lower rock layers were laid down earlier, so they are assumed to contain older fossils.

Question: As we dig deeper into rocks they get
Choices:
younger
older
Answer: B
Background: With fewer trees, the air is drier and droughts are more common.

Question: Dan notices that there were many new trees planted this year. Since there are so many trees in the area, Dan expects the air to be
Choices:
moist
dry
Answer: A
Background: As you go farther from the nucleus of an atom, the electron levels have more and more energy.

Question: Lonnie works in a lab. He is studying atoms and discovers that the electrons that are farther away from the nucleus are moving
Choices:
less.
more
Answer: B
Background: As blood glucose levels decrease, less insulin is produced.

Question: John wanted to gain weight so he initiated a routine of eating a sugary donut in the morning. As a result, he felt hyper as his blood glucose level rose. Did the amount of insulin in his blood likely
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: Exhaling, or breathing out, decreases the size of the chest, which increases air pressure inside the lungs.

Question: Jeff takes a breath and lets it out. When do his lungs experience the most air pressure?
Choices:
after inhaling
after exhaling
Answer: B
Background: Temperature increases with depth inside the Earth, so melting of rocks is more likely to occur at greater depths.

Question: Mark studies rocks for a living. He is curious if rocks deeper in the Earth will be warmer or cooler. If Mark were to take the temperature of a rock that is half a mile into the Earth's surface, and then take the temperature of a rock 1 mile into the Earth's surface, he would find that the rock 1 mile into the Earth's temperature is
Choices:
lower.
higher
Answer: B
Background: People in the richer nations of the world use far more energy, especially energy from fossil fuels, than people in the poorer nations do.

Question: Jan lives in a great country and she is rich. Compared to another person in a richer country, Jan will use an amount of energy that is
Choices:
greater
lesser
Answer: B
Background: Thicker resistors offer less resistance than thinner resistors.

Question: Mona is creating a circuit board in her lab for work. If she increases the thickness of the resistors on the board, what happens to the overall resistance of the circuit?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: The more acidic a solution is, the closer its pH value will be to 0

Question: When a pH number is very high we say the item is:
Choices:
basic
acidic
Answer: A
Background: Its harder to overcome friction between heavier objects and the floor than it is between lighter objects and the floor.

Question: If Milo is sliding a basketball and a baseball across the floor and the baseball is the lighter of the two objects, which object will experience more friction?
Choices:
basketball
baseball
Answer: A
Background: More pollutants mean poorer air quality.

Question: After the fire of a pile of tires at the landfill was put out, the reduction of smoke in the air made the air quality
Choices:
better?
worse
Answer: A
Background: Air pressure is less at higher elevations.

Question: We need oxygen masks when we climb Everest because the air pressure is
Choices:
low
high
Answer: A
Background: Larger telescopes can collect more light.

Question: A decrease in the size of a telescope results in a/an _____ in ability to collect light.
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: For a given medium, sound has a slower speed at lower temperatures.

Question: Greta yells across the canyon in the cool morning and again in the hot afternoon. The sound likely traveled _____ in the morning.
Choices:
faster
not as fast
Answer: A
Background: Inhaling, or breathing in, increases the size of the chest, which decreases air pressure inside the lungs.

Question: If you are filling a balloon with water it will get
Choices:
smaller
larger
Answer: B
Background: In an inverse relationship, when one variable increases, the other variable decreases.

Question: If Jim has two variables that are part of an inverse relationship, what will happen to the second variable if he increases the first variable?
Choices:
it increases
it decreases
Answer: B
Background: As greenhouse gases increase, changes will be more extreme.

Question: John was looking at the climate model data in his office. He saw there were greater changes as the amount of gases were
Choices:
Lower
Higher
Answer: B
Background: The particles in matter are always moving. The more energy they have, the faster they move.

Question: The more energy particles in matter have, they move
Choices:
slower
faster.
Answer: B
Background: The more extreme the amount of metamorphism, the more difficult it is to tell what the original rock was.

Question: John was looking at the rocks, and noticed something. The more the metamorphism in the rock, the difficulty to tell what it was
Choices:
Increased
Decreased
Answer: A
Background: For a given medium such as air, sound has a slower speed at lower temperatures.

Question: Ivan yells across a canyon in the morning when it is cold and again later in the afternoon when it is hot. During which time did his voice travel the fastest?
Choices:
morning
afternoon
Answer: B
Background: Longer length resistors will offer more resistance than shorter resistors.

Question: Ed is adding a resistor to a circuit. If he needs it to have more resistance, he should add a resistor that is
Choices:
shorter.
longer
Answer: B
Background: The more efficient a device is, the greater the percentage of usable energy it produces.

Question: If a device were to become less efficient, it would produce _____ usable energy.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: The smaller a population is, the more allele frequencies may drift.

Question: A family that is enormous, compared to a family that is very small, will have allele differences that are
Choices:
smaller
greater
Answer: B
Background: The harder the batter hits the ball, the greater will be its acceleration.

Question: If Jim wants to increase the amount of acceleration applied to a baseball he must hit it
Choices:
harder
softer
Answer: A
Background: With a higher concentration of hydrogen ions, a solution is more acidic but has a lower pH.

Question: Dean wants his solution to be the least acidic possible, so his concentration of hydrogen ions will be
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: A
Background: Electromagnetic waves with shorter wavelengths have higher frequencies and more energy.

Question: If we find an electromagnetic wave with very long wavelengths, it will likely have _____ energy.
Choices:
much
little
Answer: B
Background: Better farming techniques and machines increased the food supply and the distribution of food.

Question: If a farmer learned worse farming techniques, they could expect to produce _____ food.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: Objects with greater mass have a stronger force of gravity.

Question: Greta gained weight after eating food. Her force of gravity
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: A
Background: Because all electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed through space, a wave with a shorter wavelength must have a higher frequency, and vice versa.

Question: John was looking at the magnetic reader in the lab. What he observed was that as a wave with a shorter wavelength traveled, the frequency became
Choices:
Lower
Higher
Answer: B
Background: Machines make work easier by increasing the amount of force that is applied, increasing the distance over which the force is applied, or changing the direction in which the force is applied.

Question: John observed that machines are very helpful in performing work because they increase the amount of force, and also make the distance the force is applied
Choices:
Greater
Lesser
Answer: A
Background: Energy levels farther from the nucleus of an atom have more orbitals.

Question: When measuring atoms the closer to the nucleus you get you have
Choices:
less orbitals
more orbitals
Answer: A
Background: In general, the farther away from the Sun, the greater the distance from one planets orbit to the next.

Question: Compared to the distance between the orbits of Mercury and Venus , which are closer to the sun, is it more likely that the distance between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn, which are farther away from sun than Mercury and Venus, are
Choices:
smaller
larger?
Answer: B
Background: In erosion, the higher the elevation, the farther the stream is from where it will reach base level and the more cutting it has to do.

Question: If Milo is observing a stream at a low elevation and he follows the stream up to a lower elevation, what happens to the amount of cutting the stream has to do when eroding the stream bed beneath it?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: Natural selection is the process by which living things with beneficial traits produce more offspring, so their traits become more common over time.

Question: If an animal is able to eat food easier is it more or less likely to reproduce?
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: The further objects are away from each other, the smaller the gravitational force.

Question: If Jim is playing with two objects and he moves them closer together to each other, what will happen to the gravitational force between the two objects?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: With a higher the concentration of hydrogen ions, a solution is more acidic and has a lower pH.

Question: A small container that has 100 hydrogen ions is sitting near a larger container that has 2 hydrogen ions. The solution in the smaller container is
Choices:
more acidic
less acidic.
Answer: A
Background: Low food supply or a lack of space can lower birth rates, increase death rates, or lead to emigration.

Question: Mona lives in a country with a lot of food available. If a natural disaster strikes and the food supply is cut off, what will happen to the birth rate in her country?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: The closer together the particles are, the greater the amplitude of the wave.

Question: A wave's amplitude will be _____ the farther its particles become.
Choices:
higher
lower
Answer: B
Background: The older a person is, the greater their chance of developing a cardiovascular disease.

Question: When someone gets younger what happens to their heart
Choices:
stronger
weaker
Answer: A
Background: In the thermosphere, temperatures increase as altitude increases.

Question: When we are trying to move through the thermosphere the higher we go the _____ it will feel
Choices:
colder
warmer
Answer: B
Background: The stratosphere contains the ozone layer, the temperatures increase as altitude increases.

Question: When in the stratosphere, Dean can tell that the temperature is getting warmer as the altitude he is at
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: Smaller sediments are dropped as the slope becomes less steep.

Question: Dan is watching sand fall down a plateau hill. The pieces of sand will be very
Choices:
large
small
Answer: A
Background: The size of the eroded particles depends on the velocity of the water. Eventually, the water deposits the materials. As water slows, larger particles are deposited. As the water slows even more, smaller particles are deposited.

Question: If Mona is rafting on a river and the river is moving slowly, what happens to the size of particles that river deposits if the water speeds up?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: This means that as wavelengths get shorter, more waves move past a particular spot in the same amount of time.

Question: Wavelengths that are longer will be
Choices:
faster
slower
Answer: B
Background: In Life Sciences it is important to note that whenever a structure has an increased surface area, there is an increase in the functioning of that structure.

Question: A cell in a dog's large intestine shrank in surface area, which allowed the cell to take in less nutrients. This means that the cell's increased surface area allowed its functioning to
Choices:
increase
decrease.
Answer: B
Background: Richer nations use far more energy resources, especially fossil fuels, than poorer nations do.

Question: John is from the US. When he visited a third world country, he noticed the use of energy resources there was
Choices:
more
less.
Answer: B
Background: At higher temperatures, particles of reactants have more energy, so they move faster.

Question: The reason that the moon has so little energy is because of it has a
Choices:
high temperature
low temperature
Answer: B
Background: As more resistors are added in series, the total resistance of the circuit increases.

Question: Causing a series to gain resistors will result in a/an _____ in the total resistance of the circuit.
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: The longer the exposure, the more light that the telescope can gather to make the image.

Question: When we close a camera shutter early what happens to the light absorbed?
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: B
Background: The greater the objects mass, the greater the force of attraction; in addition, the greater the distance between objects, the smaller the force of attraction.

Question: A rock has more mass then a pebble. Which object will exhibit a greater force of attraction?
Choices:
rock
pebble
Answer: A