allenai/quartz huggingface dataset:
Background: Exhaling, or breathing out, decreases the size of the chest, which increases air pressure inside the lungs.

Question: If Mary is running and race and begins to breathe hard, what happens to the air pressure in her lungs as she expands her chest?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: Longer wires have more resistance than shorter wires.

Question: If Mona is building an electrical machine and she decreases the length of the wire feeding power to it, what happens to the resistance of that wire?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: In transipration, at warmer temperatures water molecules move faster, and the rate of evaporation from stomata is therefore much faster.

Question: James left a pot of water in the refrigerator. As the water started to cool down, what would happen to the rate of evaporation?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: The smaller its mass is, the greater its acceleration for a given amount of force.

Question: A smaller amount of force has _____ acceleration than a large amount of force
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Less massive objects also have less gravity than more massive objects.

Question: Sue weighs 50kg while Tom weighs 100kg, who has less gravity?
Choices:
Sue
Tom
Answer: A
Background: Older rocks are at the bottom and younger rocks are at the top.

Question: Rick had a rock (Rock A) from 1000 feet beneath the crust's surface. He later dug 3000 feet deeper and got a second rock (Rock B). Which rock is likely older?
Choices:
Rock A
Rock B
Answer: B
Background: The more energy the particles in matter have, the faster and more strongly they vibrate.

Question: Someone that has very little energy will be
Choices:
slow
fast
Answer: A
Background: The warmer a climate is, the more types of vegetation it will have and the greater the rate of biological weathering.

Question: Ann and Bob were both farmers. Ann lived in a warm climate while Bob lived in a colder climate. When they compared notes they found that the number of crops they could successfully grow was different. Who's farm would be able to grow more types of crops?
Choices:
Bob
Ann
Answer: B
Background: An object with greater mass or greater velocity has more kinetic energy.

Question: John was watching the particle accelerator and made an observation. The lesser an objects mass and velocity, the kinetic energy was
Choices:
Greater
Less
Answer: B
Background: The faster, longer, and farther the wind blows, the bigger the waves are.

Question: Tina is drinking water. Tina blows slowly on the surface of the water. The faster she blows, the _____ the waves are.
Choices:
smaller
bigger
Answer: A
Background: In the mesosphere, temperature decreases as altitude increases.

Question: Milo is flying a rocket in the mesosphere. If he increases his altitude, what happens to the temperature?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: The more the baby suckles, the more prolactin is released, which causes more milk to be produced.

Question: If Mona is a nursing mother and her body begins producing less prolactin then before, what happens to the amount of milk she will produce?
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: A
Background: Most nutrients are washed into ocean water from land. Therefore, water closer to shore tends to have more nutrients.

Question: The farther that water gets from the shore the _____ nutrients there are.
Choices:
more
fewer
Answer: B
Background: As the distance between the objects increases the magnetic force of attraction decreases.

Question: Planets moving closer together will have _____ magnetic attraction.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: A
Background: The farther you stretch the band, the greater the resistance is.

Question: Mike is stretching a rubber band out. The harder he pulls, and the more he stretches it, the resistance of the band is
Choices:
greater
lesser
Answer: A
Background: Wave frequency can be measured by counting the number of crests or compressions that pass the point in 1 second or other time period. The higher the number is, the greater is the frequency of the wave.

Question: As waves get smaller the frequency of them
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: The density of the atmosphere decreases with an increase in the height above sea level (altitude).

Question: Donna is noting that the atmosphere doesn't seem very dense where she's visiting, so compared to her home she must be at an altitude that is
Choices:
higher
lower
Answer: A
Background: Low food supply or a lack of space can lower birth rates, increase death rates, or lead to emigration.

Question: Tasha is studying birth rates in various countries. She looks at two countries. In South Africa, the food supply is currently higher than in Australia. Because of this, the birth rate in South Africa, compared to Australia, will be
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: B
Background: Plug-in hybrids run for a longer time on electricity and so are less polluting than regular hybrids.

Question: If Mona sells her electric car and switches to a gas car, what will happen to the amount of pollution she produces?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: The longer the exposure, the more light that the telescope can gather to make the image.

Question: Mike needed to get a dark picture . In order to get the darkest photo, Mike made the exposure
Choices:
longer
shorter
Answer: B
Background: Increased resource use generally means more waste; electronic waste from developed nations is a growing problem in the developing world.

Question: David spent a lot of money to buy tons of things for his house, but he ended up with a lot of things that were
Choices:
wasted
saved
Answer: A
Background: More water allows more chemical reactions.

Question: Timmy tested his chemicals by subtracting water and noticed _____ reactions.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: The more efficient a device is, the greater the percentage of usable energy it produces.

Question: Theresa made a device that uses 25% of usable energy. Ryan made a device that uses 10% of usable energy. _____ made a device that is less efficient.
Choices:
Theresa
Ryan
Answer: B
Background: As the water is pumped out, the water table slowly falls, requiring wells to be dug deeper, which takes more money and energy.

Question: Dilbert had a well that he used since he was a child that filled up. This likely occurred because the water table
Choices:
rose
dropped
Answer: A
Background: The hotter a main sequence star is, the brighter it is.

Question: Compared to the Sun, which is an average star, would star WR 102, which is the hottest known star, be
Choices:
brighter than the Sun
dimmer than the Sun?
Answer: A
Background: Lighter, more streamlined vehicles need less energy.

Question: If Jon subtracts more weight from his car, he will need to use _____ energy.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: A
Background: More recently, the death rate has fallen because of the availability of more food and medical advances.

Question: In ancient times, there was worse medicine. This means there was a _____ death rate.
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: B
Background: Larger telescopes can collect more light.

Question: Milo works as an astronomer and he has multiple telescopes at his disposal. If he is looking at the stars through a large telescope and then moves to a smaller one, will the amount of light collected by the smaller one be
Choices:
greater
smaller
Answer: B
Background: As greenhouse gases increase, changes will be more extreme.

Question: Reid notices changes in the weather and temperature from 100 years ago. This likely was caused by _____ greenhouse gas levels.
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: A
Background: Lighter, more streamlined vehicles need less energy.

Question: A vehicle that was sleek and aerodynamic and a vehicle that was bulky were each driven the same distance over the same amount of time. Which vehicle needed to more energy to power it?
Choices:
bulky vehicle
sleek vehicle
Answer: A
Background: More dense water takes up less space than less dense water.

Question: If Mona increases the density of her water by adding chemicals to it, what happens to the space it takes up inside of her pesticide bottle?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: Genotypes with greater fitness produce more offspring and pass more copies of their alleles to the next generation.

Question: Reid has a very fit genotype. If he compares this genotype to an even more fit genotype, his would be more likely to pass _____ copies of their alleles down.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: A sunscreen with a higher SPF value protects the skin longer.

Question: John was analyzing some of the results from his sunscreen study. He found that a higher SPF protects the skin
Choices:
Shorter
Longer
Answer: B
Background: Lower rock layers were laid down earlier, so they are assumed to contain older fossils.

Question: If Mona is excavating an archeological site and she discovers some fossils near the surface then compares them to fossils she found deeper down, which fossils will be older?
Choices:
near the surface
deeper down
Answer: B
Background: With a higher the concentration of hydrogen ions, a solution is more acidic and has a lower pH.

Question: Would Jim's solution become more or less acidic if he increased the concentration of hydrogen atoms in it?
Choices:
more acidic
less acidic
Answer: A
Background: Gluons make quarks attract each other more strongly the farther apart the quarks get.

Question: Tim has a quark and pulls it closer to Rob, who also has a quark. What happens to the attraction force between the quarks?
Choices:
it increases
it decreases
Answer: B
Background: The more field lines that are drawn, the stronger the field.

Question: If Jim increases the amount of field lines drawn what will happen to the strength of the field?
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: B
Background: The hotter a main sequence star is, the brighter it is.

Question: Rachel was looking into the night sky. The darkest star is most likely:
Choices:
the hottest
the coldest
Answer: B
Background: When the heart expels more blood with each stroke, the heart has to beat less often in order to maintain the same volume of blood flow.

Question: If someone has a smaller than average physical heart then it will beat _____ in order to pump blood.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Thicker wires offer less resistance.

Question: Jill had two wires in her lab, one was half the thickness of the other and she measured the resistance of each. She saw that the _____ one showed less resistance.
Choices:
thicker
thinner
Answer: B
Background: At higher temperatures, particles of reactants have more energy, so they move faster.

Question: When observing reactants and their particles, Shane decreases the temperature they're exposed to, noting that they now move
Choices:
faster
slower
Answer: B
Background: In the thermosphere, temperatures increase as altitude increases.

Question: Going lower into the thermosphere will result in finding _____ temperatures.
Choices:
higher
lower
Answer: B
Background: If two objects have the same mass, the object with the higher temperature has greater thermal energy.

Question: Johnny was was playing with chalk outside. His mom called him in for lunch, while he was inside his red chalk sat in the sun, and his blue chalk was in the shade. When Johnny returned outside and picked up the red and blue which had a higher temperature?
Choices:
the red chalk
the blue chalk
Answer: A
Background: On a hot day, an endotherm may give off more heat by increasing blood flow to the surface of the body.

Question: Karen is feeling very cool, and starts to chill. Her blood flow is decreased, likely because the day is
Choices:
hot
cold
Answer: B
Background: The more energy the particles in matter have, the faster and more strongly they vibrate.

Question: A particle with more energy will vibrate _____ than one with less energy.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Rougher surfaces have more friction between them than smoother surfaces.

Question: If Mona is comparing sandpaper with notebook paper and she determines that sandpaper is rougher then notebook paper, which object has more friction?
Choices:
sandpaper
notebook paper
Answer: A
Background: The main law is the law of superposition. This law states that deeper rock layers are older than layers closer to the surface.

Question: Rocks that are buried very shallow are _____ than rocks on the surface.
Choices:
newer
older
Answer: A
Background: The farther the sound waves travel away from the source, the more spread out their energy becomes.

Question: Eric hears a sound from far away. If this is the first sound he heard, this sound is likely
Choices:
strong
weak
Answer: A
Background: The elastic force increases the more the material is stretched or compressed.

Question: If Mona is playing with a rubber band and she stretches it out, what happens to the amount of elastic force contained in the rubber band?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: However, the melanocytes of people with darker skin produce more melanin.

Question: Jim's skin was noticeably darker than his friend Matt's skin. This means that _____ produces more melanin.
Choices:
Jim
Matt
Answer: A
Background: Most nutrients are washed into ocean water from land. Therefore, water closer to shore tends to have more nutrients.

Question: If Mona is in her sailboat and she takes a sample of the water far away from shore to test for nutrients and compares it to sample that she took while close to the shore, which sample will have more nutrients?
Choices:
close to shore
far from shore
Answer: A
Background: If blood volume in the body decreases, blood pressure decreases.

Question: If Jim loses a lot of blood from a cut he sustains, what will happen to his blood pressure?
Choices:
it will become lower
it will become higher
Answer: A
Background: Warmer molecules vibrate faster than cooler ones.

Question: If Milo places his coffee into the microwave and heats it up, what will happen to the rate of vibration of the molecules in the drink?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: A given volume of a denser substance is heavier than the same volume of a less dense substance.

Question: John was weighing some materials in his science lab. He observed that as objects had lower density, the heaviness of the objects
Choices:
Increased
Decreased
Answer: B
Background: The full box is harder to move because it has greater mass and therefore greater inertia.

Question: Sally is pulling two wagons. The red wagon is full of sand, and the blue wagon is empty. The wagon that will be more difficult to pull is the
Choices:
red wagon
blue wagon
Answer: A
Background: Older age, male gender, and a family history of cardiovascular disease all increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and cant be controlled.

Question: Donald is elderly, and Shane is young. Donald's risk of cardiovascular diseases, compared to Shane's is
Choices:
greater
lesser
Answer: A
Background: When a volume of water is cooled, the molecules move less vigorously, so same number of molecules takes up less space and the water is denser.

Question: If Mona fills up a cup with water and places that water into the freezer, what happens to the density of the water as it cools down?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: The more field lines that are drawn, the stronger the field.

Question: Shane wants a field that is very weak. In order do achieve this goal, Shane needs to draw
Choices:
less field lines
more field lines
Answer: A
Background: The more efficient a device is, the greater the percentage of usable energy it produces.

Question: A very inefficient pair of solar panels will produce
Choices:
little energy
a lot of energy
Answer: A
Background: More advanced farming practices allowed a single farmer to grow food for many more people.

Question: As computers have made work easier for people we have had to do
Choices:
more work
less work.
Answer: B
Background: Anaerobic exercises cause muscles to get bigger and stronger.

Question: If Jim starts exercising and performs more anaerobic exercises, would his muscles get
Choices:
bigger
smaller
Answer: A
Background: As blood glucose levels decrease, less insulin is produced.

Question: Bob's blood glucose levels have increased, which means he should also be producing _____ insulin.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: People in the richer nations of the world use far more energy, especially energy from fossil fuels, than people in the poorer nations do.

Question: If America is a poor nation and China is a rich nation, then America's energy usage compared to China's is
Choices:
greater
smaller
Answer: B
Background: More UV rays increase skin cancer rates.

Question: Fran stayed indoors while Geremy went in the sun. Who is more likely to get skin cancer?
Choices:
Fran
Geremy
Answer: B
Background: The upper rock layers are much younger.

Question: The rocks that are on the surface of a volcano are
Choices:
young
old
Answer: A
Background: For a given medium, sound waves travel more slowly at lower temperatures.

Question: Compared to sound waves travelling through a cup of boiling water, would sound waves travelling through a cup of ice water move
Choices:
slower
faster?
Answer: A
Background: The temperature of matter increases with the added energy.

Question: John was checking the temperature of the unit. He saw that as the temperature decreased when the level of energy was
Choices:
Greater
Lesser
Answer: B
Background: The glaciers on Earth are getting smaller and smaller as Earths temperature rises.

Question: If Earth's temperature were to increase, there would be _____ glaciers.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: The farther you stretch the band, the greater the resistance is.

Question: When we stretch a rubber band to a larger size it gets tough meaning it has
Choices:
more resistance
less resistance
Answer: A
Background: The more rope segments on a pully that are helping to do the lifting work, the less force that is needed for the job.

Question: Dan is pulling his car up a hill, and wants to pull it with as little force as possible. In order to do this effectively, Dan will need to use how many rope segments
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: The more the baby suckles, the more prolactin is released, which causes more milk to be produced.

Question: Jill was watching her baby as she was breastfeeding it. She noticed that the more that the baby suckled, the amount of prolactin released became
Choices:
Greater
Lesser
Answer: A
Background: Fossils found at the lowest layer of rock would be the oldest, as these would have been buried for the longest time, whereas fossils found closer to the surface would be buried more recently and therefore be younger.

Question: Peter found a cool rock right under the surface of some dirt. He knew the rock was _____.
Choices:
older
younger
Answer: B
Background: The more similar the DNA molecules of different species are, the closer the relationship is likely to be.

Question: When we look at monkeys and humans they have a little matching DNA meaning they are.
Choices:
similar
very different
Answer: B
Background: The closer to the surface an aquifer is, the easier it is to get the water.

Question: A group of settlers decided to live close to one aquifer instead of another aquifer because the aquifer they chose was much closer to the surface. Getting water from the aquifer closer to the surface will be
Choices:
easier
more difficult.
Answer: A
Background: Gluons make quarks attract each other more strongly the farther apart the quarks get.

Question: Ian is looking at quarks and sees that they are not attracted to each other. Ian knows that the distance between the quarks is currently
Choices:
close
distant
Answer: A
Background: Pigments in the skin act like a filter that can prevent the skin from making vitamin D. As a result, people with darker skin need more time in the sun than people with lighter skin to make the same amount of vitamin D.

Question: Two friends are headed to the beach, Mike and John. Mike is white, and John is black. Both want to make the same amount of vitamin D through sun exposure. The person who will take less time to make the amount of vitamin D is
Choices:
Mike
John
Answer: A
Background: The farther apart you move your hands, the stronger the force of the rubber band pulling your hands together.

Question: Linnie played with a rubber band by pulling at it with her hands. The more she pulled it apart, the _____ the force.
Choices:
weaker
stronger
Answer: B
Background: Water density increases as salinity and pressure increase, or as temperature decreases.

Question: As Cindy swam closer to the ocean surface, it got lighter and _____.
Choices:
warmer
cooler
Answer: A
Background: If two objects have the same mass, the object with the higher temperature has greater thermal energy.

Question: Rita and Ira are identical twins of the same size. If Ira is a higher temperature, who has greater thermal energy?
Choices:
Rita
Ira
Answer: B
Background: Water becomes more dense when it is colder and when it has more salt.

Question: When ice melts into water it becomes
Choices:
less dense.
more dense
Answer: A
Background: Warm water cant hold as much dissolved oxygen as cool water, so an increase in the temperature of water decreases the amount of oxygen it contains.

Question: Mary is taking measurements of the amount of oxygen in samples of water. If she measured the total levels of dissolved oxygen in a sample at 70 degrees fahrenheit and compared it to a sample at 80 degrees fahrenheit, which would contain more dissolved oxygen?
Choices:
80 degrees fahrenheit
70 degrees fahrenheit
Answer: B
Background: The more an elastic object is stretched or compressed, the greater its elastic potential energy is.

Question: What will happen to the amount of elastic potential energy in Jim's rubber band if he expands it?
Choices:
more potential energy
less potential energy
Answer: B
Background: For a given medium such as air, sound has a slower speed at lower temperatures.

Question: When you are talking to someone in the desert the sound will travel
Choices:
faster
slower
Answer: A
Background: As the nail grows, more cells are added at the nail bed.

Question: Milo has been growing his nails out for a very long time. As his nails get longer, what happens to the amount of cells added to them?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: As the rocks move deeper into the Earth, temperature and pressure increase.

Question: Carter buries cans of soda in the dirt. The deeper the holes for the cans of soda, the pressure will be
Choices:
lesser
greater
Answer: B
Background: When a person smokes there are chemicals released by the tobacco that enter the lungs. Because the lungs have to work harder to remove the chemicals, the body has to work harder to get the air needed to survive.

Question: If Mona is a smoker, but decides to stop smoking, what happens to the difficulty her lungs experience in removing chemicals from the air?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: The more similar the DNA molecules of different species are, the closer the relationship is likely to be.

Question: If Mona is comparing two species and she notices that their DNA molecules are more similar, what does that tell her about the species relationship?
Choices:
distance relationship
close relationship
Answer: B
Background: The smaller its mass is, the greater its acceleration for a given amount of force.

Question: What happens to a light car when it has the same power as a heavy car?
Choices:
accelerates faster
accelerates slower
Answer: A
Background: If we have two materials with the same volume, the material with a higher mass will be more dense.

Question: Tanya has a substance with mass 10kg. Logan has a substance with mass 5kg. If both substances are the same size, who has the denser substance.
Choices:
Tanya
Logan
Answer: A
Background: Larger telescopes can collect more light and see finer details than smaller telescopes.

Question: The reason scientists use huge telescopes is because they collect
Choices:
more light
less light
Answer: A
Background: Differences in air pressure over the surface of the Earth result in wind. The greater the differences in air pressures, the stronger the wind.

Question: Lana is noting that the wind lately has been very strong. Lana can now tell that the air pressures over the Earth's surface have had differences that are
Choices:
greater
lesser
Answer: A
Background: The thinner the wire, the more resistance it offers.

Question: Shane wants to get the least resistance out of his wire for his computer, so he gets a wire that is
Choices:
thicker
thinner
Answer: A
Background: For a given medium, sound has a slower speed at lower temperatures.

Question: If Jim turns the thermostat up in his room while listening to music, what will happen to the speed of the sound waves in the room?
Choices:
they will speed up
they will slow down
Answer: A
Background: The more curved the surface of a lens is, the more it refracts light.

Question: Dave was looking lenses for his new digital camera. He saw on the specifications that the less curved the lens is, the amount of light refracted
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: The stratosphere contains the ozone layer, the temperatures increase as altitude increases.

Question: If Mona is flying her plane in the stratosphere on a journey and she moves lower in the stratosphere, what happens to the temperatures her plane experiences?
Choices:
they increase
they decrease
Answer: B
Background: Older rocks are at the bottom and younger rocks are at the top.

Question: A person is digging up rocks, and wants to get the newest ones. The person will dig
Choices:
deeper
shallower
Answer: B
Background: As the distance between the objects increases, the force of gravitational attraction decreases.

Question: Two planets are drawn to each other in space, however they begin to drift closer over time. As the years press on, the planets will have a gravitation attraction between them that is
Choices:
greater
lesser
Answer: A
Background: As you go farther from the nucleus of an atom, the electron levels have more and more energy.

Question: The electron levels closest to the nucleus of an atom have _____ energy than those further away.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: Warming up exercises increases the blood flow to the muscles and increases the heart rate.

Question: Mel stops after running down the street for exercise. As Mel's heart rate decreases, Mel's blood flow
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: A
Background: During inhalation, because the chest volume is larger, the air pressure inside the lungs is lower than the air pressure outside.

Question: If Mona is breathing hard and her volume decreases, what happens to the air pressure inside her lungs?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: The planets further from the Sun will have bigger orbits, and therefore take longer to revolve around the Sun.

Question: A planet with a long orbit will take _____ time to revolve around the Sun than one with a small orbit.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: This means that as wavelengths get shorter, more waves move past a particular spot in the same amount of time.

Question: If wavelengths become shorter, there will be _____ move past a particular spot.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: The forest habitat of elephants has also decreased in size due to humans moving in, so the numbers of the elephants have decreased.

Question: When humans grow trees what happens to the population of the animals in the forest
Choices:
Lower
Increase
Answer: B
Background: We need to reduce our electricity consumption in order to reduce pollution.

Question: A rapid increase in electricity consumption could mean _____ pollution.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: The louder the sounds are, the less exposure is needed to cause hearing loss.

Question: If Jim decreases the level of sound coming from his speakers it means that the time it would take for him to experience hearing loss would
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: However, the melanocytes of people with darker skin produce more melanin.

Question: Since Kim has more melanin than Jennifer, when they lay out in the sun Jennifer's skin is _____ than Kim's.
Choices:
darker
lighter
Answer: B
Background: Older age, male gender, and a family history of cardiovascular disease all increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and cant be controlled.

Question: Donald is elderly, and Shane is young. Shane's risk of cardiovascular diseases, compared to Donald's is
Choices:
greater
lesser
Answer: B
Background: In general, the farther away from the Sun, the greater the distance from one planets orbit to the next.

Question: If Mona is in space comparing the distance of certain planets from the Sun and she notices that Neptune is closer than Pluto, which planet will have the shorter orbit?
Choices:
Pluto
Neptune
Answer: B
Background: The more rope segments on a pully that are helping to do the lifting work, the less force that is needed for the job.

Question: Would it require more strength for a construction worker to move a heavy load of bricks with a pulley that used
Choices:
1 rope segment?
10 rope segments
Answer: A
Background: Objects that are closer together have a stronger force of gravity between them.

Question: Mercury is closer to the sun than Jupiter. This means that the pull of gravity from the sun on Mercury is
Choices:
stronger
weaker.
Answer: A
Background: The upper rock layers are much younger.

Question: Sarah is looking at layers of rock on a cliff face. She can see that the rock at the very bottom of the cliff are
Choices:
older
younger
Answer: A
Background: But the more computing power that goes into the model and the care with which the scientists construct the model can increase the chances that a model will be accurate.

Question: Mona is developing a computerized model to detect changes in weather patterns for her farming business. If she adds computing power to the computer she is using to develop the model, what happens to the chances that model will be correct?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: When there are more sunspots the Sun is more active and there are more solar storms and more of the Sun's energy reaches the Earth.

Question: If Bob notices an decrease in the amount of solar storms, it would mean there are _____ sunspots.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: Water also gets colder as you go deeper.

Question: Tina is diving deeper and deeper into the ocean. What happens to the temperature?
Choices:
it increases
it decreases
Answer: B
Background: We also saw that adding resistors to a series circuit increases the total resistance of the circuit, causing the current to decrease.

Question: Ron adds more resistors to his series circuit. The current in his circuit will
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: The elastic force increases the more the material is stretched or compressed.

Question: John was looking at the materials being manipulated. He saw that the more it was compressed the force
Choices:
Increased
Decreased
Answer: A
Background: We need to reduce our electricity consumption in order to reduce pollution.

Question: Will decreased his house energy consumption. He has _____ his personal levels of pollution.
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: B
Background: In general, fossils in older rocks are less similar to modern organisms.

Question: Dan is comparing a mosquito that has been fossilized to a mosquito that he caught in a net. Since the fossilized mosquito is millions of years old, the similarities between the organisms will be
Choices:
many
few
Answer: B
Background: Larger telescopes can collect more light and see finer details than smaller telescopes.

Question: Mona is trying to build a telescope that can collect more light then her current one. If she wants to make sure to achieve this goal, what should she do to the size of her telescope?
Choices:
decrease it
increase it
Answer: B
Background: Electromagnetic waves with shorter wavelengths have higher frequencies and more energy.

Question: If Mona is manipulating the wavelengths of her microwave, what happens when she makes the wavelengths shorter?
Choices:
energy decreases
energy increases
Answer: B
Background: When a volume of water is cooled, the molecules move less vigorously, so same number of molecules takes up less space and the water is denser.

Question: When we raise the temperature of water it becomes
Choices:
less dense
more dense
Answer: A
Background: The warmer a climate is, the more types of vegetation it will have and the greater the rate of biological weathering.

Question: Sue is moving from a warm tropical island to a cold city in Canada . The type of vegetation and rate of biological weathering be _____ in Sue's new habitat after she makes the move.
Choices:
greater
lesser
Answer: B
Background: Light-skinned people get sunburned more quickly than people with darker skin.

Question: Jeff has dark skin and stays on the beach with Layla, who has light skin, for 2 hours. Neither use sunblock. Who is likely more sunburned?
Choices:
Jeff
Lydia
Answer: B
Background: For bases we can state the folllowing: The higher the pH of a substance, the more basic it is.

Question: John was looking at the bases and noticed something. The lower the pH of the substance, the amount of basic it was
Choices:
Increased
Decreased
Answer: B
Background: Larger telescopes can collect more light and see finer details than smaller telescopes.

Question: Roger liked to hike up mountains with his telescope to get away from the lights of the city. This trip, his back is hurting him, so Roger packs a lighter-weight smaller telescope than he normally brings, but opts to climb a higher mountain than usual. In spite of getting away from the city lights and being high atop the mountain, with this smaller telescope, the amount of detail that Roger will be able to see is expected to be
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: Increasing the number of resistors in a series circuit increases the overall resistance of the circuit.

Question: If Jim adds more resistors to the circuit he is building for his school science project, what will happen to the overall resistance of the circuit?
Choices:
it will increase
it will decrease
Answer: A
Background: Objects with greater mass have greater inertia.

Question: When something is very lightweight what does it need to move?
Choices:
more inertia
less inertia
Answer: B
Background: Machines make work easier by increasing the amount of force that is applied, increasing the distance over which the force is applied, or changing the direction in which the force is applied.

Question: John observed that machines are not very helpful in performing work because they decrease the amount of force, and also make the distance the force is applied
Choices:
Greater
Lesser
Answer: B
Background: Rougher surfaces have more friction between them than smoother surfaces.

Question: Eric rubs together tissue paper and then sandpaper. The smoother tissue paper has _____ friction than the sandpaper.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: A
Background: So more water is displaced by a bigger body than a smaller one.

Question: If we drop a big ball into a pool there will be _____ water shot out than a small ball.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: The rocket goes upwards because the hot gases shoot downwards out of the nozzle. The faster the gases go downwards, the faster the rocket goes upwards.

Question: Bob watched the rocket as it shoots into the sky. He sees that as the gases exiting the nozzle go slower, the rocket goes
Choices:
faster
slower
Answer: B
Background: During inhalation, because the chest volume is larger, the air pressure inside the lungs is lower than the air pressure outside.

Question: Will is inhaling and then he exhales. Which stage likely causes greater air pressure in his lungs?
Choices:
inhaling
exhaling
Answer: B
Background: If there are more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, more ultraviolet radiation will be trapped and the Earth will heat up.

Question: What would happen to the amount of ultraviolet radiation trapped in the atmosphere if the number of greenhouse gases were increased?
Choices:
more would be trapped
less would be trapped
Answer: A
Background: We can say that resistance and current in an electric circuit areinversely proportional, because as the one increases, the other decreases, and vice versa.

Question: If current is decreasing, there must be _____ resistance in the circuit.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Larger telescopes can collect more light.

Question: Alan saw Venus through his old telescope. He then looked through his bigger, better telescope. Venus likely appears darker through the
Choices:
smaller telescope
bigger telescope
Answer: A
Background: The more curved the surface of a lens is, the more it refracts the light that passes through it.

Question: If Mona is building a lens for looking at the stars and she wants to make sure it refracts less light then the one she previously built, will she need to make the surface more or less curved then the one before?
Choices:
less
more
Answer: A
Background: In general, the farther away from the Sun, the greater the distance from one planets orbit to the next.

Question: Compared to the distance between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn, which are far away from the sun, is it more likely that the distance between the orbits of Mercury and Venus, which are closer to the sun than Jupiter and Saturn, are
Choices:
smaller
larger?
Answer: A
Background: Warming up exercises increases the blood flow to the muscles and increases the heart rate.

Question: Tony wanted to prevent cramps by not warming up. This _____ blood flow to his muscles.
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: A
Background: The greater the mass of the objects, the stronger the gravitational pull between them.

Question: Two planets with very small masses will have a _____ gravitational pull between them than two planets with small masses.
Choices:
stronger
weaker
Answer: B
Background: Chemical weathering increases as: Temperature increases: Chemical reactions proceed more rapidly at higher temperatures.

Question: Josh is a runner and travels through a rainy area to where it is more sunny. Which area likely experience more chemical weathering?
Choices:
the rainy area
the sunny area
Answer: B
Background: Developing nations will also increase demands on natural resources as they build more factories.

Question: When a country stops manufacturing things they need to have
Choices:
less resources
more resources
Answer: A
Background: Plug-in hybrids run for a longer time on electricity and so are less polluting than regular hybrids.

Question: Do gas engine cars pollute more or less than electric engine cars?
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Increased resource use generally means more waste; electronic waste from developed nations is a growing problem in the developing world.

Question: Wendy lives in a country that uses few resources. Which is likely true about the amount of waste produced compared to a developing country?
Choices:
it is more
it is less
Answer: B
Background: Water flowing over a steeper slope moves faster and causes more erosion.

Question: Mona is a scientist studying erosion at a university. She is observing a river. If she starts taking erosion measurements at the mouth of the river and moves up to the head of the river, what will she find happens as the slope gets steeper?
Choices:
erosion decreases
erosion increases
Answer: B
Background: Greater use of oil and other fossil fuels causes more pollution.

Question: If the citizens of Europe stopped using oil, they should have _____ pollution.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: Smoking reduces the amount of oxygen available for diffusion at the lungs, so less oxygen gets absorbed and blood is oxygenated to a lesser degree.

Question: Less oxygen absorption means _____ oxygen in the blood.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: The more branching there is in isomers, the lower the boiling and melting points are.

Question: Lead has a _____ melting point than steel because it has more branching.
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: A
Background: In refraction of light, the greater the change in speed, the more light bends.

Question: Ron was playing with a flashlight. He moved it back and forth slowly, and then quickly. Which motion likely caused less light to bend?
Choices:
the slow motion
the quick motion
Answer: A
Background: Muscles that are exercised are bigger and stronger than muscles that are not exercised.

Question: Jeff is exercising his muscles at the gym. Over time his muscles will grow
Choices:
bigger
smaller
Answer: A
Background: This is also called diffusion, and the process is much faster in gases than in liquids, because the particles in gases are further apart.

Question: Kate is going to diffuse a liquid and a gas. The liquid is diffused last, because the particles with it are
Choices:
closer together
further apart
Answer: A
Background: As the nail grows, more cells are added at the nail bed.

Question: If a nail bed's cells are _____ , the nail is growing.
Choices:
decreasing
increasing
Answer: B
Background: In the larger container we will still have the same number of gas particles, but now they are filling a much larger space.

Question: A larger box can hold how much air compared to a small box?
Choices:
More air
Less air
Answer: A
Background: If there are more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, more ultraviolet radiation will be trapped and the Earth will heat up.

Question: Carl is studying climate change, and notes that more ultraviolet radiation is being trapped, which means the earth will be
Choices:
cooler
warmer
Answer: B
Background: In an inverse relationship, when one variable increases, the other variable decreases.

Question: As water drips from a red bucket full of water into a blue bucket that is empty, does the water level in the blue bucket
Choices:
increase
decrease?
Answer: A
Background: At higher elevations, there is less air to press on a given area.

Question: Dane was on a mountaintop and getting plenty of air, so a higher elevation _____ out of the question
Choices:
was not
was
Answer: A
Background: However, the energy is diluted as an electromagnetic wave travels farther from its source because it spreads out over an ever-larger area.

Question: Karen is observing an electromagnetic wave and how it travels from its source. This wave travels very far from its source, because the energy is diluted
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: A higher-frequency wave has more energy than a lower-frequency wave with the same amplitude.

Question: If Mona is producing sound waves by listening to her radio at night and she turns up the volume, what happens to the amount of energy being produced by the radio?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: When particles move more quickly, temperature is higher and an object feels warmer.

Question: By filling up a party balloon with slower moving Helium particles from a gas cylinder as opposed to faster ones, would the temperature of the balloon be
Choices:
higher
lower?
Answer: B
Background: Richer nations use far more energy resources, especially fossil fuels, than poorer nations do.

Question: Suzie is studying different countries and the amount of energy sources they use. She finds that the United States is much richer or wealthier than South Africa. Therefore, _____ uses more energy sources.
Choices:
South Africa
the United States
Answer: B
Background: As the water is pumped out, the water table slowly falls, requiring wells to be dug deeper, which takes more money and energy.

Question: A place with a _____ water table means wells can be dug at shallower depths.
Choices:
high
low
Answer: A
Background: Therefore, water nearer shore usually contains more dissolved nutrients than water farther from shore.

Question: As we go further from shore, we normally will encounter _____ dissolved nutrients.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: An object has greater momentum if it has greater mass, greater velocity, or both.

Question: If Mary is weighing two objects and she notices that her orange has a larger mass then her cherry, which object will have lesser momentum?
Choices:
cherry
orange
Answer: A
Background: Increasing air temperature decreases atmospheric pressure.

Question: The air gets thicker when it is
Choices:
hot
cold
Answer: B
Background: The closer to the surface an aquifer is, the easier it is to get the water.

Question: A group of settlers decided to live close to one aquifer instead of another aquifer because the aquifer they chose was much farther from the surface. Getting water from the aquifer farther from the surface will be
Choices:
easier
more difficult.
Answer: B
Background: Most nutrients are washed into ocean water from land. Therefore, water closer to shore tends to have more nutrients.

Question: Water that is near a lot of plants has
Choices:
few nutrients
many nutrients
Answer: B
Background: The darker the urine, the less water it contains.

Question: Katie had to pee, and when she did, she noticed that her urine was quite dark. The darkness in the urine means Katie should drink water in amounts that are
Choices:
smaller
larger
Answer: B
Background: The particles in matter are always moving. The more energy they have, the faster they move.

Question: The less energy particles in matter have, they move
Choices:
slower
faster.
Answer: A
Background: The farther you stretch the band, the greater the resistance is.

Question: Mike is stretching a rubber band out. The softer he pulls, and the less he stretches it, the resistance of the band is
Choices:
greater
lesser
Answer: B
Background: Light-skinned people get sunburned more quickly than people with darker skin.

Question: Two people are standing out in the sunlight; one with dark skin, one with light skin. The person with light skin will be burned
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: An increase in predators, the emergence of a new disease, or the loss of habitat are just three possible problems that will decrease a population.

Question: Compared to an island with no tigers, would a similar island filled with tigers be
Choices:
less likely to have an overwhelming deer population
more likely to have an overwhelming deer population?
Answer: A
Background: The closer together the particles are, the greater the amplitude of the wave.

Question: Theo moved far from Gary. The amplitude of the light bouncing off of them likely
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: A
Background: A: As the car approaches the radar gun, the reflected microwaves get bunched up in front of the car. Therefore, the waves the receiver detects have a higher frequency than they would if they were being reflected from a stationary object. The faster the car is moving, the greater the increase in the frequency of the waves.

Question: If Mona is bouncing radar waves off a test car when training to be a policewoman and she notices the frequency of the waves returning to her radar gun is higher then it was before, what is happening to the car she is pointing the gun at?
Choices:
decreasing in speed
increasing in speed
Answer: B
Background: A sunscreen with a higher SPF value protects the skin longer.

Question: Jimbo is going to the beach and he wants to ensure he has the lowest sun protection for his skin. Should he wear a sunscreen with a higher SPF or a lower SPF?
Choices:
higher SPF
lower SPF
Answer: B
Background: The further objects are away from each other, the smaller the gravitational force.

Question: Andy put two magnets at the end of the table, Karen put two magnets right next to each other. Whose magnets had a greater gravitational force?
Choices:
Andy
Karen
Answer: B
Background: Nations that have more industry produce more hazardous waste.

Question: When you have a decrease of factories in an area the level of trash will
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: Many of the worlds people live with water scarcity, and that percentage will increase as populations increase and climate changes.

Question: As more people are added to Earth, they will find _____ water scarcity.
Choices:
increasing
decreasing
Answer: A