allenai/quartz huggingface dataset:
Background: As the distance between the objects increases the magnetic force of attraction decreases.

Question: When you hold two magnets close together what is the force between them?
Choices:
Strong
Weak
Answer: A
Background: Fossils found at the lowest layer of rock would be the oldest, as these would have been buried for the longest time, whereas fossils found closer to the surface would be buried more recently and therefore be younger.

Question: As we dig less deep in the search for fossils the fossils get
Choices:
younger
older
Answer: A
Background: The greater the mass of the objects, the stronger the gravitational pull between them.

Question: Ivan and Rita weighed themselves. Ivan weighs more than Rita. Who has a larger gravitational pull?
Choices:
Ivan
Rita
Answer: A
Background: The stronger the winds are blowing, the larger the waves are and the more energy they have.

Question: Water will be moved _____ if there are weak winds.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: A
Background: The more dense the medium, the slower the light moves.

Question: If Mona shines a light through both wool and cotton and determines that cotton is less dense then wool, which material will the light move faster through?
Choices:
wool
cotton
Answer: B
Background: The more charged the objects are, the stronger the electrostatic force between them.

Question: When a magnet is weak it has
Choices:
more force
less force
Answer: B
Background: Therefore, increasing the surface area of solid reactants increases the reaction rate.

Question: Katie is looking at solid reactants, and is wondering how they will react. The reaction rate is increased in surface areas which are
Choices:
larger
smaller
Answer: A
Background: New farm machines were invented. They increased the amount of food that could be produced. With more food, people were healthier and could live longer.

Question: A village is gathering food for the winter. The less food they gather the likelihood of survival being high is
Choices:
great
small
Answer: B
Background: Bigger atoms have more electrons.

Question: An elephant, compared to a dog, will have a number of electrons that is
Choices:
larger
smaller
Answer: A
Background: Most nutrients are washed into ocean water from land. Therefore, water closer to shore tends to have more nutrients.

Question: Water that is far from a lot of plants has
Choices:
few nutrients
many nutrients
Answer: A
Background: The farther apart you move your hands, the stronger the force of the rubber band pulling your hands together.

Question: The pulling force of a rubber band will _____ when you move your hands together.
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: The planets further from the Sun will have bigger orbits, and therefore take longer to revolve around the Sun.

Question: Jupiter has a much larger orbit around the Sun than the Earth does. This means that which planet takes more time to go around the Sun?
Choices:
Jupiter
Earth
Answer: A
Background: So more water is displaced by a bigger body than a smaller one.

Question: A small object displaces _____ water than a larger one.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: The closer together the particles in a longitudinal wave are, the greater the amplitude.

Question: When particles get close together what happens to the amplitude?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: Compared with a less powerful device, a more powerful device can either do more work in the same time or do the same work in less time.

Question: If Mona downgrades her old computer to a less powerful model, what happens to the amount of work her computer can do?
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: A
Background: Muscles that are exercised are bigger and stronger than muscles that are not exercised.

Question: Rita works out for half an hour while Quenton sits on the couch. Who's muscles have likely shrunk in size?
Choices:
Quenton
Rita
Answer: A
Background: The closer the field lines are drawn together, the stronger the field being described.

Question: Compared to a field represented by lines spaced every inch on a sheet of paper, if another field were drawn at the same scale with lines spaced every two inches, the second field would be
Choices:
described as stronger
described as weaker?
Answer: B
Background: When two skateboarders push against each other, it causes them to move apart. The harder they push together, the farther apart they move.

Question: Will and Tony are skateboarding and push against each other with force. As the force with they push with increases, the distance they travel away from each other
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: B
Background: At higher elevations, there is less air to press on a given area.

Question: Allen is riding his bike on a path. The course ends up 1000 feet lower above sea level compared to the beginning. At which point is the air resistance lower?
Choices:
at the beginning
at the end
Answer: A
Background: As you go farther from the nucleus of an atom, the electron levels have more and more energy.

Question: Lonnie works in a lab. He is studying atoms and discovers that the electrons that are closest to the nucleus are moving
Choices:
less.
more
Answer: A
Background: The sooner cancer is treated, the greater the chances of a cure.

Question: If we catch a disease late the chance of curing it is
Choices:
less likely
more likely
Answer: A
Background: The more an elastic object is stretched or compressed, the greater its elastic potential energy is.

Question: John stretches a rubber band, making it larger and larger. The more he stretches the rubber band will it have _____ elastic potential energy?
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Low food supply or a lack of space can lower birth rates, increase death rates, or lead to emigration.

Question: If there is more food in a place then more people will
Choices:
live there
die
Answer: A
Background: Electromagnetic waves with shorter wavelengths have higher frequencies and more energy.

Question: If Jim lengthens the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves his machine is producing, what happens to the energy output?
Choices:
it increases
it decreases
Answer: B
Background: A: As the car approaches the radar gun, the reflected microwaves get bunched up in front of the car. Therefore, the waves the receiver detects have a higher frequency than they would if they were being reflected from a stationary object. The faster the car is moving, the greater the increase in the frequency of the waves.

Question: Officer Ricky points a radar gun at a car. A slow car likely has _____ frequency waves bouncing off of it.
Choices:
higher
lower
Answer: B
Background: In bigger atoms, valence electrons are farther from the nucleus.

Question: If Mona is measuring atoms and she finds out that one atom is larger then another, what does that imply about the distance of electrons from the nucleus of that atom?
Choices:
closer together
farther away
Answer: B
Background: Therefore, increasing the surface area of solid reactants increases the reaction rate.

Question: Eric added more and more reactants to his mixture. The reaction rate will now be
Choices:
slower
faster
Answer: B
Background: The greater the objects mass, the greater the force of attraction; in addition, the greater the distance between objects, the smaller the force of attraction.

Question: Jeffrey subtracted more and more dough to the recipe. As he subtracts more, the force of attraction the dough is capable of
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: As blood glucose levels decrease, less insulin is produced.

Question: Dana has diabetes, and her insulin is low, so her blood glucose levels have
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: B
Background: Warmer molecules vibrate faster than cooler ones.

Question: Eric decreased the heat of the molecules. They now vibrate
Choices:
faster
slower
Answer: B
Background: As the nail grows, more cells are added at the nail bed.

Question: Dana had long nails that she clipped. When her nails were the short length, Dana noted that the number of cells within them must have
Choices:
decreased
increased
Answer: A
Background: We can say that resistance and current in an electric circuit areinversely proportional, because as the one increases, the other decreases, and vice versa.

Question: As the telephone line fell down and the line's resistance went down, the current was
Choices:
greater
smaller
Answer: A
Background: Larger alkenes have lower boiling and melting points, so they are liquids or waxy solids at room temperature.

Question: Tommy was assigned to work with alkene compounds for his science project. When he took them out he noticed that they were in solid form before he even worked with them. This means that the alkenes were
Choices:
small alkenes
large alkenes
Answer: A
Background: If the gas is heated, the particles will move faster as they gain more energy.

Question: If John cools a gas in his bunsen burner, what would happen to the gas particles?
Choices:
they would move faster
they would move slower
Answer: B
Background: In refraction of light, the greater the change in speed, the more light bends.

Question: John was looking at a refractive index and observing the light. The more speed the light had, it would bend
Choices:
More
Less
Answer: A
Background: The glaciers on Earth are getting smaller and smaller as Earths temperature rises.

Question: If Mona is measuring the size of a glacier at the North Pole and she notices that it has been getting smaller over the years, what can she conclude about the Earth's temperature?
Choices:
decreasing
increasing
Answer: B
Background: When there are more sunspots the Sun is more active and there are more solar storms and more of the Sun's energy reaches the Earth.

Question: Mary loves to observe the Sun. If she's looking at the Sun one day and notices less sunspots then she usually sees, what is happening to the amount of solar energy reaching the Earth?
Choices:
increasing
decreasing
Answer: B
Background: More UV rays increase skin cancer rates.

Question: Mona lives in a country that experiences high levels of sunlight. If she moves to a less sunny country, what happens to her chance of getting skin cancer?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: Bases have pH values above 7. The higher the pH value, the more strongly basic the substance.

Question: If we tested a substance and the number was low on a pH test then the item is
Choices:
acidic
basic
Answer: A
Background: More advanced farming practices allowed a single farmer to grow food for many more people.

Question: A farmer, using old fashioned farming practices, can expect to grow _____ crops.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: The voice becomes deeper as the larynx in the throat grows larger.

Question: As a boy grows to a man and his larynx grows smaller, his voice gets
Choices:
deeper
higher.
Answer: B
Background: The hotter a main sequence star is, the brighter it is.

Question: Stars that are hotter are also
Choices:
dimmer
brighter
Answer: B
Background: The closer objects are, the stronger the gravitational pull between them.

Question: If Mona moves her baseballs closer together, what happens to the gravitational pull between them?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: If you are standing on the shore and a ship is going out to sea, the ship gets smaller as it moves further away from you.

Question: As he was standing on the beach and watching the boat, it began to drift away. As the distance shrunk between him and the boat, the ship got
Choices:
Smaller
Larger
Answer: B
Background: In electromagnetic waves with higher frequencies, photons have more energy.

Question: If Mona is standing in the sun and it begins to shine brighter, what happens to the amount of energy the photons are emitting?
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: B
Background: Bases have pH values above 7. The higher the pH value, the more strongly basic the substance.

Question: Will measures water at a pH of 7, while a bleach solution measures at 12. Which substance is more basic?
Choices:
water
bleach
Answer: B
Background: Because richer nations use more fossil fuels, they also cause more air pollution and global warming than poorer nations do.

Question: Chris is studying two countries. He finds that China has half as many factories putting out fossil fuels into the air than the United States. Based on this information, the factories in _____ are causing more air pollution.
Choices:
United States
China
Answer: A
Background: For a given medium such as air, sound has a slower speed at lower temperatures.

Question: When you are talking to someone in the snow the sound will travel
Choices:
faster
slower
Answer: B
Background: Warming up exercises increases the blood flow to the muscles and increases the heart rate.

Question: As we start sleeping our hearts pump slower which means blood flow
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: With higher frequencies, the microwaves also have more energy.

Question: If Milo is adjusting the strength of his microwave in the kitchen and he sets it to a lower frequency, does the energy output of the microwave
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: The more current, the stronger the electromagnet.

Question: When you send less power to a magnet it becomes
Choices:
weaker
stronger
Answer: A
Background: Plug-in hybrids run for a longer time on electricity and so are less polluting than regular hybrids.

Question: Kevin has a hybrid car and Steve has a large truck. Which car likely pollutes more?
Choices:
hybrid
truck
Answer: B
Background: The main law is the law of superposition. This law states that deeper rock layers are older than layers closer to the surface.

Question: John was looking at the rock layers at the top of the cliff. He saw that as the layers became shallower, they also became
Choices:
Newer
older
Answer: A
Background: We need to reduce our electricity consumption in order to reduce pollution.

Question: Suppose Jim was decided to use less electricity in his day to day activities. What would happen to his pollution output?
Choices:
reduced
increased
Answer: A
Background: For example, more people on the Earth means more people contributing to global warming and pollution.

Question: When there are less people to drive cars the rate of global warming
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: Increased resource use generally means more waste; electronic waste from developed nations is a growing problem in the developing world.

Question: David spent very little money to buy a few things for his house, and he ended up with a lot of things that were
Choices:
wasted
saved
Answer: B
Background: The closer to pH 14, the more strongly basic the solution.

Question: If Milo is adjusting the pH level of his pool and he brings the pH towards 14 does the solution become more or less basic?
Choices:
more basic
less basic
Answer: A
Background: The density of the atmosphere decreases with an increase in the height above sea level (altitude).

Question: If Milo is hiking up a mountain and taking atmospheric density readings, what will happen to the readings as he gets closer to the top of the mountain?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: Temperature affects the rate at which photosynthesis, cellular respiration and decomposition take place. The rate of reaction increases with increasing temperature and decreases at lower temperatures.

Question: When the temperature goes up the rate that cells respirate
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: Alkanes with more carbon atoms have higher boiling and melting points, so some of them are solids at room temperature.

Question: Compared to an item with many carbon atoms an item with few carbon atoms will boil
Choices:
faster
slower
Answer: A
Background: For example, more people on the Earth means more people contributing to global warming and pollution.

Question: What will happen to the levels of pollution on Earth if the population increases?
Choices:
they will rise
they will fall
Answer: A
Background: In the larger container we will still have the same number of gas particles, but now they are filling a much larger space.

Question: If Mona is comparing two containers and she knows her jelly jar is larger then her baby food jar, which one contains less space?
Choices:
jelly jar
baby food jar
Answer: B
Background: Pigments in the skin act like a filter that can prevent the skin from making vitamin D. As a result, people with darker skin need more time in the sun than people with lighter skin to make the same amount of vitamin D.

Question: A person with light skin can absorb how much vitamin D?
Choices:
a lot
a little
Answer: A
Background: At higher temperatures, particles of reactants have more energy, so they move faster.

Question: Tom raised the temperature of a reactant in a lab. The particles in the reactant now have _____ energy.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: Warmer molecules vibrate faster than cooler ones.

Question: Carl boiled water for hot tea, and knew that as the water boiled, the vibrations would
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: The pupil automatically gets bigger or smaller to let more or less light in as needed.

Question: If Jim's pupil gets bigger, what will happen to the amount of light that enters his eye?
Choices:
more light will enter
less light will enter
Answer: A
Background: However, the energy is diluted as an electromagnetic wave travels farther from its source because it spreads out over an ever-larger area.

Question: An electromagnetic wave is traveling. Ned notices that the wave has changed from its origin. As it travels, it is
Choices:
more diluted
less diluted.
Answer: A
Background: The pupil automatically gets bigger or smaller to let more or less light in as needed.

Question: Jim looked at his cat's eyes on a bright sunny day, then he looked at the eyes when the cat was in very low light inside the house. In the low light condition, the cat's pupils well be
Choices:
smaller.
larger
Answer: B
Background: In general, fossils in older rocks are less similar to modern organisms.

Question: When we look at DNA records we find that older organisms are
Choices:
dissimilar
similar
Answer: A
Background: Fossils found at the lowest layer of rock would be the oldest, as these would have been buried for the longest time, whereas fossils found closer to the surface would be buried more recently and therefore be younger.

Question: Jonathan is digging at a site, trying to uncover young rocks. In order to find the youngest rocks, Jonathan needs to dig
Choices:
deeper
less deep
Answer: B
Background: Developing nations will also increase demands on natural resources as they build more factories.

Question: Sinclair is looking at the effects that factories are having on developing countries natural resources. He studies one country that is building a lot of factories. In that country, the natural resources are likely experiencing _____ demands because of more factories being built.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: If salt is added to a volume of water, there are more molecules in the same volume, so the water is denser.

Question: Will removes salt from the pot of water. The water's volume is now
Choices:
less dense
denser
Answer: A
Background: When your brain senses that your body temperature is increasing, it sends messages to the blood vessels in the skin to increase in diameter.

Question: A person with a low body temperature will have _____ of the blood vessels in the skin.
Choices:
narrowing
widening
Answer: B
Background: By using multiple stages, empty fuel containers could drop away. This reduced the mass of the rocket so that it could fly higher.

Question: David is getting ready to fly into space on a rocket. As the rocket shoots upwards, part of the mass falls away, allowing the rocket to go
Choices:
higher
lower
Answer: A
Background: In the thermosphere, temperatures increase as altitude increases.

Question: Tom is flying at the top of the thermosphere while Rita is flying near the bottom. Who experiences the lowest temperature?
Choices:
Tom
Rita
Answer: B
Background: Machines make work easier by increasing the amount of force that is applied, increasing the distance over which the force is applied, or changing the direction in which the force is applied.

Question: Using a truck instead of carrying things does what to physical labor
Choices:
Increases it
Decreases it
Answer: B
Background: With a higher concentration of hydrogen ions, a solution is more acidic but has a lower pH.

Question: Eric measures 20 hydrogen ions per 100ml in one solution. Another solution has 30 hydrogen ions per 100ml. The solution with more hydrogen ions is _____ acidic.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: The thinner the wire, the more resistance it offers.

Question: Barry is connecting new wires to his speakers. His new wires are thinner than the old ones, therefore, he should expect that the electrical current will display _____ resistance than his older, thicker ones.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Better farming techniques and machines increased the food supply and the distribution of food.

Question: If a farmer learned better farming techniques, they could expect to produce _____ food.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: The farther the object is stretched or compressed, the greater its elastic potential energy is.

Question: If Mona is playing with a rubber band and she decides to stretch it out very far, what happens to the elastic potential energy of the rubber band?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: The farther apart you move your hands, the stronger the force of the rubber band pulling your hands together.

Question: As you pull on a string the softer that you pull it the _____ the force.
Choices:
greater
weaker
Answer: B
Background: Anaerobic exercises cause muscles to get bigger and stronger.

Question: Ron went to the gym and lifted weights as usual. If he stops lifting weights, his muscles will likely
Choices:
grow
shrink
Answer: B
Background: Richer nations use far more energy resources, especially fossil fuels, than poorer nations do.

Question: The US is richer than Uganda, so it likely uses _____ fossil fuels compared to Uganda.
Choices:
more
fewer
Answer: A
Background: Because these isotopes decay more slowly, they can be used to date much older specimens.

Question: If Milo is measuring isotopes and he notices that they seem to decay slower then average, what does that mean about the age of the specimen he is examining?
Choices:
younger
older
Answer: B
Background: In a series circuit, the resistance increases as more resistors are added in series.

Question: When we add resistors in series to a computer what happens to the resistance?
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: B
Background: New farm machines were invented. They increased the amount of food that could be produced. With more food, people were healthier and could live longer.

Question: A decrease in food will likely lead to _____ lifespans.
Choices:
shorter
longer
Answer: A
Background: More dense water takes up less space than less dense water.

Question: If Mona lowers the density of her water by adding chemicals to it, what happens to the space it takes up inside of her pesticide bottle?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: Bigger atoms have more electrons.

Question: As atoms get larger they are able to attract
Choices:
more electrons
less electrons
Answer: A
Background: Low food supply or a lack of space can lower birth rates, increase death rates, or lead to emigration.

Question: If there is less food in a place then more people will
Choices:
live there
die
Answer: B
Background: The more mass a moving object has or the faster its moving, the greater its momentum.

Question: Mona loves to see how far she can slide things. If a basketball has more mass then a baseball and Mona decides to slide both items, which will have greater momentum?
Choices:
baseball
basketball
Answer: B
Background: The temperature of matter increases with the added energy.

Question: If Mona increases the temperature of her stove while cooking a roast, what happens to the amount of energy being used?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: Pigments in the skin act like a filter that can prevent the skin from making vitamin D. As a result, people with darker skin need more time in the sun than people with lighter skin to make the same amount of vitamin D.

Question: A dark skinned man and a light skinned man are being tested to see who produces vitamin D faster. The dark skinned person will have vitamin D in amounts that are
Choices:
greater
lesser
Answer: B
Background: The bigger the waves are and the more sediment they carry, the more erosion they cause.

Question: Jimbo was sitting at the beach watching the waves. He noticed the waves were increasing in size. What does this mean for the amount of erosion that the waves will cause?
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: B
Background: The older a person is, the greater their chance of developing a cardiovascular disease.

Question: What happens to John's risk of contracting a disease as he gets older?
Choices:
it decreases
it increase
Answer: B
Background: As the Universe expands, galaxies move further and further apart.

Question: If Mona is studying the galaxy and she notices that the universe is expanding more then it used to, what does that mean is happening to the galaxies in the universe?
Choices:
moving closer together
moving further apart
Answer: B
Background: More people also means more clearing of land for agriculture and development.

Question: When people leave an area what happens to the land?
Choices:
cleared
kept the same
Answer: B
Background: If salt is added to a volume of water, there are more molecules in the same volume, so the water is denser.

Question: Peter added salt to his juice one morning. The mixture became _____ dense.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: When a person exercises regularly, and is fit, the heart undergoes certain long-term adaptations. The heart muscle gets stronger, and expels more blood with each contraction.

Question: If Bob stops exercising, his heart muscle should become
Choices:
stronger
weaker
Answer: B
Background: It would be hard to get a big chunk of chocolate to dissolve in your milk or hot water. Maybe you could make hot chocolate from some smaller pieces like chocolate chips, but it is much easier to add a powder to your milk. This is because the smaller the pieces are, the more surface area they have.

Question: Dean wants to melt chocolate to drink in his milk. He puts a big piece of chocolate in, and a small piece of chocolate in. The piece with less surface area, which will melt second, is the piece that is
Choices:
bigger
smaller
Answer: A
Background: This means that as wavelengths get shorter, more waves move past a particular spot in the same amount of time.

Question: What happens to the rate at which waves move past a particular spot if Jim decreases the wavelength of a sound wave?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: A fluid exerts pressure in all directions, but the pressure is greater at greater depth.

Question: Jorge and Rian were diving in the ocean. If Jorge dove 10 feet and Rian dove 20 feet, who experiences more pressure?
Choices:
Jorge
Rian
Answer: B
Background: Warm water cant hold as much dissolved oxygen as cool water, so an increase in the temperature of water decreases the amount of oxygen it contains.

Question: The oxygen levels in water wind up going up when the temperature
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: Anaerobic exercises cause muscles to get bigger and stronger.

Question: If you stop incorporating anaerobic exercises into your workout routine, you can expect your muscle size to
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: Air in the troposphere is warmer closer to Earths surface.

Question: If Milo is flying through the air and he moves farther from the Earth, what happens to the temperature of the air?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: The size of an ocean wave depends on how fast, over how great a distance, and how long the wind blows. The greater each of these factors is, the bigger a wave will be.

Question: A shark is swimming through the waters and the wind is blowing hard, and fast over many miles. The waves the shark is swimming in will be
Choices:
larger
smaller
Answer: A
Background: The more curved the surface of a lens is, the more it refracts the light that passes through it.

Question: Terry had a glass lens that he made more curved over time. The lens now reflects _____ light.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: As greenhouse gases increase, changes will be more extreme.

Question: John was looking at the climate model data in his office. He saw there were less changes as the amount of gases were
Choices:
Lower
Higher
Answer: A
Background: The more field lines that are drawn, the stronger the field.

Question: If there are many lines that are magnetic then they are
Choices:
weak
strong
Answer: B
Background: If there are more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, more ultraviolet radiation will be trapped and the Earth will heat up.

Question: If greenhouse gases in the atmosphere were to be halved, Earth will become
Choices:
cooler
warmer
Answer: A
Background: Greater use of oil and other fossil fuels causes more pollution.

Question: The new invention removed oil from the ocean, which caused _____ pollution.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: A
Background: The elastic force increases the more the material is stretched or compressed.

Question: Joe is pulling a rubber band with his fingers. When does the band have the most elastic force?
Choices:
at rest
when stretched
Answer: B
Background: The water table is higher when there is a lot of rain and lower when the weather is dry.

Question: If Jim measures the water table of his local region before it rains and compares it to a measurement taken after it rains, it will be higher
Choices:
before it rains
after it rains
Answer: B
Background: Objects with greater mass have a stronger force of gravity between them.

Question: A planet that is smaller has
Choices:
less gravity
more gravity
Answer: A
Background: As the population increases, the food supply, or the supply of another necessary resource, may decrease.

Question: When we have one bag of dog food and we get rid of two dogs we will run out of food
Choices:
slower
faster
Answer: A
Background: As you go farther from the nucleus of an atom, the electron levels have more and more energy.

Question: The electrons that rotate in the outer edges of an atom have
Choices:
more energy
less energy
Answer: A
Background: Fossils found at the lowest layer of rock would be the oldest, as these would have been buried for the longest time, whereas fossils found closer to the surface would be buried more recently and therefore be younger.

Question: Everett went lower and lower to look at the rocks on the cliff. The highest rocks are likely
Choices:
youngest
oldest
Answer: A
Background: Air pressure is less at higher elevations.

Question: Air pressure will _____ when one goes down a mountain.
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: Lower temperature and higher salinity yield the densest water.

Question: If Mona is boiling a glass of water and the temperature of the water begins to increase, what happens to the density of that water?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: During inhalation, because the chest volume is larger, the air pressure inside the lungs is lower than the air pressure outside.

Question: Will is inhaling and then he exhales. Which stage likely causes less air pressure in his lungs?
Choices:
inhaling
exhaling
Answer: A
Background: The more basic a solution is, the closer its pH value will be to 14.

Question: A solution with a pH value of 1 is _____ considered to be basic.
Choices:
definitely
not
Answer: B
Background: The more efficient a device is, the greater the percentage of usable energy it produces.

Question: If a device were to become more efficient, it would produce _____ usable energy.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Therefore, increasing the surface area of solid reactants increases the reaction rate.

Question: If Mona is creating a reaction using solid reactants and she decreases the surface area of those reactants, what happens to the reaction rate?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: When we add resistors in parallel to each other the total resistance decreases and the current increases.

Question: If we change resistors in series to be in parallel the resistance
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: The more basic a solution is, the closer its pH value will be to 14.

Question: Tanya was measuring pH values and recorded a value of 13 for Solution #1. She also recorded a value of 8 for Solution #2. Which solution is more basic?
Choices:
Solution #2
Solution #1
Answer: B
Background: Gravity is a pull which all matter exerts on all other matter, the more mass, the stronger the pull.

Question: A satellite was sent to orbit and monitor a small planet and it easily passed a much smaller planet. It was concluded that this happened because the gravitational pull of the smaller planet was
Choices:
stronger
weaker
Answer: B
Background: As the population increases, the food supply, or the supply of another necessary resource, may decrease.

Question: When we have one bag of dog food and we add two new dogs we will run out of food
Choices:
slower
faster
Answer: B
Background: Less massive objects also have less gravity than more massive objects.

Question: Dan's larger globe will have this kind of gravity compared to his smaller globe:
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Larger alkenes have lower boiling and melting points.

Question: While in the lab, Sharon and Joe were testing alkenes; Sharon's alkenes were much larger than Joe's. The melting point of Sharon's alkenes will be _____ than Joe's.
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: A
Background: Water also gets colder as you go deeper.

Question: Going deeper into water will result in a _____ temperature.
Choices:
warmer
colder
Answer: B
Background: Breast cancer is rare in teens but becomes more common as females get older.

Question: When people are younger they generally are
Choices:
healthier
less healthy
Answer: A
Background: The Moon has a greater effect on the tides because, although it is much smaller than the Sun, it is much closer.

Question: Which planet does the sun have the least gravity effect on?
Choices:
Mars
Mercury
Answer: A
Background: Older age, male gender, and a family history of cardiovascular disease all increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and cant be controlled.

Question: Milo's risk of developing cardiovascular disease are lesser when he is
Choices:
older
younger
Answer: B
Background: If we increase the resistance in a series circuit, by adding more resistors, then the total current decreases.

Question: If Todd removes a resistor to the circuit, then the current will be
Choices:
stronger
weaker.
Answer: A
Background: If the gas is heated, the particles will move faster as they gain more energy.

Question: Jim is performing experiments in his lab. If he applies less heat to gas inside of a beaker, what happens to the gas particles?
Choices:
move faster
move slower
Answer: B
Background: The more tightly packed the particles inside the material are, the more dense we say they are.

Question: Sasha is throwing bottles into the lake. Some bottles are filled with sand, and some only have a tiny bit of sand in them. The bottles with a tiny bit of sand will sink last because they are
Choices:
less dense
more dense
Answer: A
Background: As the distance between the objects increases, the force of gravitational attraction decreases.

Question: Would an astronaut floating five million miles away from the Earth experience
Choices:
less gravitational attraction to the Earth than an astronaut on the surface of the Earth
more gravitational attraction to the Earth than an astronaut on the surface of the Earth
Answer: A
Background: The more cylinders a car engine has, the more powerful its engine can be.

Question: Chris is going car shopping. He has two choices, a car with 6 cylinders or a car with 4 cylinders. If Chris wants to get the car with the less powerful engine, then he should go with the car with
Choices:
6 cylinders
4 cylinders
Answer: B
Background: However, the melanocytes of people with darker skin produce more melanin.

Question: John was observing a range of patients skin under a microscope. He noticed that the less melanocytes the skin had, the production of melanin was
Choices:
higher
lower
Answer: B
Background: A sunscreen with a higher SPF value protects the skin longer.

Question: A sunscreen with an SPF value of 30 will protect skin _____ than a sunscreen with an SPF value of 15.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: As the distance between the objects increases, the force of gravitational attraction decreases.

Question: Would an astronaut on the surface of the Earth experience
Choices:
less gravitational attraction to the Earth than an astronaut floating five million miles away from the Earth
more gravitational attraction to the Earth than an astronaut floating five million miles away from the Earth
Answer: B
Background: Warm air is less dense than cool air, so it rises higher in the troposphere.

Question: Fred started a fire on the beach. The air directly above the fire likely
Choices:
falls
rises
Answer: B
Background: As the population increases, the food supply, or the supply of another necessary resource, may decrease.

Question: Jennifer noticed there were more and more bunny rabbits in the forest behind her house eating the berries that she used to make her summer pies. As the population of the bunnies increases will the berries be
Choices:
Fewer?
More?
Answer: A
Background: In the mesosphere, temperature decreases as altitude increases.

Question: Mikey is studying the mesosphere. He is looking at temperatures at various altitudes within this layer of the atmosphere. If he took the temperature at 31 miles above the Earth's surface, and then again at 40 miles above the Earth's surface, the temperature would be lower at a height of
Choices:
31 miles
40 miles
Answer: B
Background: Size restriction: The final body size is limited because as the body size increases, the surface area to volume ratio decreases.

Question: As Jimbo's body size shrinks due to a shrinking spell, what happens to his surface area to volume ratio?
Choices:
gets bigger
gets smaller
Answer: A
Background: The closer the charged objects are, the stronger the electrostatic force.

Question: Robby noticed a weak electrostatic force between two charged objects. He wanted to decrease the strength of this force. So how should he position them?
Choices:
Closer together
Farther apart
Answer: B
Background: The faster, longer, and farther the wind blows, the bigger the waves are.

Question: When we have a very windy day what will happen to the waves?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: Genotypes with greater fitness produce more offspring and pass more copies of their alleles to the next generation.

Question: Reid has a very fit genotype. If he compares this genotype to a less fit one, his would be more likely to pass _____ copies of their alleles down.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: During inhalation, because the chest volume is larger, the air pressure inside the lungs is lower than the air pressure outside.

Question: Mike takes deep breaths, and knows that his chest volume is fairly sizable. Considering his chest size, the air pressure inside the lungs, compared to the air pressure outside, is
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: A
Background: In general, fossils in older rocks are less similar to modern organisms.

Question: If Mona is comparing fossils she found in very old rocks to fossils she found in newer rocks. Which fossils does she expect to be less similar to living animals?
Choices:
old rocks
newer rocks
Answer: A
Background: Longer wavelength electromagnetic waves have lower frequencies, and shorter wavelength waves have higher frequencies.

Question: John was testing a radio wave and had an interesting finding. The shorter the wavelength was, the frequency became
Choices:
Higher
Lower
Answer: A
Background: More people also means more clearing of land for agriculture and development.

Question: Kevin lives in a city with 5000 people. Will lives in a city with 100000 people. Whose city likely cleared more land for agriculture/development?
Choices:
Kevin
Will
Answer: B
Background: The faster the clicks of a Geiger counter occur, the higher the level of radiation.

Question: If a Geiger counter is loud in an area, there is _____ reason to worry about radiation.
Choices:
little
much
Answer: B
Background: The warmer a climate is, the more types of vegetation it will have and the greater the rate of biological weathering.

Question: As Earth's climate becomes cooler it will develop _____ varieties of vegetation?
Choices:
less
more
Answer: A
Background: As the distance between the objects increases the magnetic force of attraction decreases.

Question: If two magnetic objects move closer, they will cause the magnetic force of attraction to
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: The main law is the law of superposition. This law states that deeper rock layers are older than layers closer to the surface.

Question: Rocks that are buried deep underground are _____ than rocks on the surface.
Choices:
newer
older
Answer: B
Background: Lower temperature and higher salinity yield the densest water.

Question: When water starts to freeze it becomes
Choices:
more dense
less dense
Answer: A
Background: More people also means more clearing of land for agriculture and development.

Question: If Mona wants to clear her farm land at a slower rate, what would subtracting people do to that rate?
Choices:
increase it
decrease it
Answer: B
Background: Sea level rises if an increase in seafloor spreading rate buoys up the ocean crust, causing the ocean basin to become smaller.

Question: As the sea spreads and rises up it causes sea levels to do what?
Choices:
rise
drop
Answer: A
Background: If we increase the resistance in a series circuit, by adding more resistors, then the total current decreases.

Question: Quint removes resistors in a circuit to decrease the resistance. The total current in the series circuit
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: Energy levels farther from the nucleus of an atom have more orbitals.

Question: Dana is trying to see how far the energy levels are from the nucleus in an atom. Since the energy levels are very close the nucleus, the atom has
Choices:
less orbitals
more orbitals
Answer: A
Background: The faster, longer, and farther the wind blows, the bigger the waves are.

Question: When we have a very calm day what will happen to the waves?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: The farther the sound waves travel away from the source, the more spread out their energy becomes.

Question: Would the sound from a loud speaker transmit less energy to the eardrum of a member of the audience if they were standing
Choices:
directly in front of the speaker
two miles away?
Answer: B
Background: Developing nations will also increase demands on natural resources as they build more factories.

Question: Sinclair is looking at the effects that factories are having on developing countries natural resources. He studies one country that is building fewer factories. In that country, the natural resources are likely experiencing _____ demands because fewer factories are being built.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: A
Background: For bases we can state the folllowing: The higher the pH of a substance, the more basic it is.

Question: If a substance is tested and has a high pH of 12 we could say that the substance is
Choices:
acidic
basic
Answer: B
Background: The size of an ocean wave depends on how fast, over how great a distance, and how long the wind blows. The greater each of these factors is, the bigger a wave will be.

Question: A shark is swimming through the waters and the wind is blowing soft, and fast over many miles. The waves the shark is swimming in will be
Choices:
larger
smaller
Answer: B
Background: Decreasing air temperature increases atmospheric pressure.

Question: If James measured the air pressure in the winter and compared it to the air pressure in the summer, which season would have less pressure?
Choices:
winter
summer
Answer: A
Background: So more water is displaced by a bigger body than a smaller one.

Question: Sally drops a bowling ball into a small wading pool, then she drops a much smaller baseball into the same wading pool. She notices that the bowling ball causes more water to splash out, this means that more water is displaced by the
Choices:
larger bowling ball
smaller baseball.
Answer: A
Background: A: As the car approaches the radar gun, the reflected microwaves get bunched up in front of the car. Therefore, the waves the receiver detects have a higher frequency than they would if they were being reflected from a stationary object. The faster the car is moving, the greater the increase in the frequency of the waves.

Question: If Mona is bouncing radar waves off a test car when training to be a policewoman and she notices the frequency of the waves returning to her radar gun is lower then it was before, what is happening to the car she is pointing the gun at?
Choices:
decreasing in speed
increasing in speed
Answer: A
Background: The more cylinders a car engine has, the more powerful its engine can be.

Question: Chris is going car shopping. He has two choices, a car with 6 cylinders or a car with 4 cylinders. If Chris wants to get the car with the more powerful engine, then he should go with the car with
Choices:
6 cylinders
4 cylinders
Answer: A
Background: The thinner the wire, the more resistance it offers.

Question: Robin is using aluminum foil to make small cylinders. A foil cylinder of diameter 1cm likely has _____ resistance than a foil cylinder of diameter 10cm.
Choices:
greater
less
Answer: A
Background: With less ozone in the stratosphere, more UV rays reach the ground.

Question: Carlos knows that there is less ozone in the stratosphere, and goes out on a sunny day. He puts on sunscreen knowing that the UV rays can reach the ground
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: Sea level rises if an increase in seafloor spreading rate buoys up the ocean crust, causing the ocean basin to become smaller.

Question: Sam creates a replica of an ocean. He increases the size of the ocean basin, which should _____ the sea level of the model.
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: A
Background: The more dense the medium, the slower the light moves.

Question: A very dense medium will cause light to move
Choices:
faster
slower
Answer: B
Background: The higher the crests of a wave are, the greater the amplitude.

Question: If Jimbo is surfing and the waves begin to crest lower, what happens to amplitude of those waves?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: On a hot day, an endotherm may give off more heat by increasing blood flow to the surface of the body.

Question: If Jim is an endotherm would his body give off _____ heat if the blood flow to the surface of his body were increased?
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: The closer the field lines are drawn together, the stronger the field being described.

Question: John was in his office looking at the diagrams. He saw that as the lines were closer, the fields were
Choices:
Stronger
Weaker
Answer: A
Background: When particles move more quickly, temperature is higher and an object feels warmer.

Question: When Milo heats up a pan on the stove, the particles begin to
Choices:
move more quickly
move more slowly
Answer: A
Background: The larger the animal, the heavier the exoskeleton, making movement more difficult.

Question: Harry has a pet walrus. Jim has a pet parrot. Whose pet has a lighter exoskeleton?
Choices:
Jim
Harry
Answer: A
Background: Alkanes with more carbon atoms have higher boiling and melting points, so some of them are solids at room temperature.

Question: Kathy did some experiments on two different alkanes and one of the alkanes had twice as many carbon atoms than the other. She would notice that which alkane would require a lower temperature to melt
Choices:
alkane with fewer carbon atoms
alkane with more carbon atoms?
Answer: A