allenai/quartz huggingface dataset:
Background: The darker the urine, the less water it contains.

Question: Joe's urine was almost black; its water content was probably
Choices:
high
low
Answer: B
Background: Faster-moving water has more energy.

Question: If Jim opens his water tap so that the water moves slower, what will happen to the energy levels of the water?
Choices:
they will decrease
they will increase
Answer: A
Background: Areas near the equator are warmer than areas near the poles because they receive more direct sunlight.

Question: Places that are farther from the middle of earth are generally
Choices:
colder
warmer
Answer: A
Background: Many observatories are built on high mountains. There is less air above the telescope, so there is less interference from the atmosphere.

Question: John noted something very interesting on his trip to the mountain. When there is more air above a telescope, the interference is
Choices:
More
Less
Answer: A
Background: The farther the object is stretched or compressed, the greater its elastic potential energy is.

Question: Donna contracts a rubber band further and further. The elastic potential energy of the rubber band will be
Choices:
greater
less
Answer: B
Background: As the population increases, the food supply, or the supply of another necessary resource, may decrease.

Question: A _____ in the population cold lead to more food availability.
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: When there are more sunspots the Sun is more active and there are more solar storms and more of the Sun's energy reaches the Earth.

Question: Fred sees fewer sunspots than usual on the Sun. He knows that this means that solar storms happen
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: If blood volume in the body decreases, blood pressure decreases.

Question: Rick gained a lot of blood after cutting himself. His blood pressure rapidly
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: As humidity increases, the water potential gradient across the inside and outside the leaf become more equal, and so the rate of transpiration decreases.

Question: Ian wants the transpiration rate to rise in his leaves, so he will do what with the humidity levels
Choices:
decrease them
increase them
Answer: A
Background: If the gas is cooled, the particles will move more slowly, because they will have less energy.

Question: Gaby is examining a particle that sped up after she heated some gaseous CO2. Why did the particle speed up?
Choices:
it has more energy
it has less energy
Answer: A
Background: Lighter, more streamlined vehicles need less energy.

Question: Jim is designing a new car and playing around with different materials. If he were to increase the weight of the vehicle, what would happen to the fuel efficiency of that vehicle? It would
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: Many observatories are built on high mountains. There is less air above the telescope, so there is less interference from the atmosphere.

Question: Carter is at sea level and looks through a telescope. There is a lot of interference from the atmosphere, so Carter knows that above the telescope, there is _____ air than up on a mountain.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: The closer the field lines are drawn together, the stronger the field being described.

Question: Jimbo was playing with magnetic field lines by manipulating them. If he moves the field lines less close, what happens to the strength of the field?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: This is also called diffusion, and the process is much faster in gases than in liquids, because the particles in gases are further apart.

Question: Will induces diffusion in a gas and a liquid. The gas likely diffuses much
Choices:
faster
slower
Answer: A
Background: As the rocks move deeper into the Earth, temperature and pressure increase.

Question: When we look deep into the earth through a volcano the temperature
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: B
Background: In a series circuit, the resistance increases as more resistors are added in series.

Question: When we remove resistors in series to a computer what happens to the resistance?
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: A
Background: When a volume of water is cooled, the molecules move less vigorously, so same number of molecules takes up less space and the water is denser.

Question: Jim puts his water in the oven for later. The molecules in the liquid
Choices:
speed up
slow down
Answer: A
Background: As animals grow their bones get longer and bigger, they grow more hair, and are able to take care of themselves by getting food, shelter, and water.

Question: A kitten and her mother were lying on the floor. Because the mother cat was older and had undergone more growth, as compared to the kitten she would have
Choices:
more hair
less hair).
Answer: A
Background: As blood glucose levels decrease, less insulin is produced.

Question: Dana has no diabetes, and her insulin is high, so her blood glucose levels have
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: A
Background: The higher up a food chain that humans eat, the greater the levels of toxic metals they take in.

Question: If Jim eats animals that are lower on the food chain, the amount of toxic metals that enter his body are
Choices:
greater
smaller
Answer: B
Background: A: As the car approaches the radar gun, the reflected microwaves get bunched up in front of the car. Therefore, the waves the receiver detects have a higher frequency than they would if they were being reflected from a stationary object. The faster the car is moving, the greater the increase in the frequency of the waves.

Question: The cop shot the radar gun at the super slow car, which _____ the waves.
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: B
Background: Lower temperature and higher salinity yield the densest water.

Question: When water starts to boil it becomes
Choices:
more dense
less dense
Answer: B
Background: The higher the pH value is, the stronger the base.

Question: Ulysses has a solution with a pH of 15. Reilly has a solution with a pH of 14. Who has a stronger base?
Choices:
Ulysses
Reilly
Answer: A
Background: With less ozone in the stratosphere, more UV rays reach the ground.

Question: If Milo lives in a country that starts producing pollution which causes the ozone layer to deplete, what happens to the amount of UV rays that can reach the ground?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: More particles inside the container means more collisions, and more collisions mean a higher pressure.

Question: A container that has less particles in it will have a
Choices:
higher pressure
lower pressure.
Answer: B
Background: Because richer nations use more fossil fuels, they also cause more air pollution and global warming than poorer nations do.

Question: If Jim's country decreases use of fossil fuels, what will happen to the amount of pollution it produces?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: Exercising muscles increases their size, and bigger muscles have greater strength.

Question: Brad wants to go to the gym more regularly, so that his muscles will get larger. Another aspect of having larger muscles means that Brad will likely be
Choices:
stronger
weaker
Answer: A
Background: The farther you stretch the band, the greater the resistance is.

Question: If Milo is playing with his rubber bands and he relaxes one from being stretched, what can he expect to happen to the resistance as he relaxes it and it becomes looser?
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: A
Background: A stronger acid produces a greater concentration of ions than a weaker acid.

Question: If Jim decreases the strength of an acid he is playing with, the concentration of ions in that acid
Choices:
falls
rises
Answer: A
Background: If the gas is cooled, the particles will move more slowly, because they will have less energy.

Question: Gaby is examining a particle that slowed down after she cooled some gaseous CO2. Why did the particle slow down?
Choices:
it has more energy
it has less energy
Answer: B
Background: The Moon has a greater effect on the tides because, although it is much smaller than the Sun, it is much closer.

Question: The Moon has _____ effect on the tides than Mars.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: The more rope segments on a pully that are helping to do the lifting work, the less force that is needed for the job.

Question: Will has a pully with 5 rope segments. Alan's pully has an equal size rope with 7 segments. Which person needs more force to do the same job?
Choices:
Will
Alan
Answer: A
Background: An object with greater mass or greater velocity has more kinetic energy.

Question: Milo threw both a basketball and a baseball through the air. If the basketball has less mass then the baseball, which ball has more kinetic energy?
Choices:
basketball
baseball
Answer: B
Background: More pollutants mean poorer air quality.

Question: Michael is studying the air quality of various cities. He finds that there are many more pollutants in the air in Mexico City, than there are in the air of Chicago. Therefore, the air quality will be lower in
Choices:
Chicago
Mexico City
Answer: B
Background: Smaller sediments are dropped as the slope becomes less steep.

Question: When looking at a hill, Shane sees that the sand on the steep slopes is
Choices:
finer
thicker
Answer: A
Background: Richer nations use far more energy resources, especially fossil fuels, than poorer nations do.

Question: Between the United States, the richest nation in the world, and the Democratic Republic of Congo, the poorest nation in the world, which uses less gasoline per capita,
Choices:
the people in the United States
the people in the Democratic Republic of Congo?
Answer: B
Background: When there are more sunspots the Sun is more active and there are more solar storms and more of the Sun's energy reaches the Earth.

Question: Fred sees more sunspots than usual on the Sun. He knows that this means that solar storms happen
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: The higher up a food chain that humans eat, the greater the levels of toxic metals they take in.

Question: Mike is studying what humans eat. Bears are higher up the food chain than mosquitoes. Therefore, if humans were to eat mosquitoes, they would likely be taking in _____ levels of toxic metals.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: A
Background: Increased resource use generally means more waste; electronic waste from developed nations is a growing problem in the developing world.

Question: If people use a lot of energy they create
Choices:
less waste
more waste
Answer: B
Background: Anaerobic exercises cause muscles to get bigger and stronger.

Question: If Jim starts exercising and performs no anaerobic exercises, would his muscles get
Choices:
bigger
smaller
Answer: B
Background: The size of the eroded particles depends on the velocity of the water. Eventually, the water deposits the materials. As water slows, larger particles are deposited. As the water slows even more, smaller particles are deposited.

Question: Wendy turned the hose from full blast to half power. This makes the stream _____ likely to be able to deposit large rock particles.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: Genotypes with greater fitness produce more offspring and pass more copies of their alleles to the next generation.

Question: Leo is working in a lab studying genotypes. He notices that the genotypes that are more fit produce
Choices:
less offspring.
more offspring
Answer: B
Background: The closer objects are to each other, the stronger the gravitational force between them.

Question: Objects moving closer together will have _____ gravitational force between them.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Bigger stars produce more energy, so their surfaces are hotter.

Question: Compared to the Sun, which is an average sized star, would VY Canis Majoris, the smallest known star, produce
Choices:
more energy
less energy?
Answer: B
Background: If there are more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, more ultraviolet radiation will be trapped and the Earth will heat up.

Question: What would happen to the amount of ultraviolet radiation trapped in the atmosphere if the number of greenhouse gases were decreased?
Choices:
more would be trapped
less would be trapped
Answer: B
Background: Areas near the equator are warmer than areas near the poles because they receive more direct sunlight.

Question: A person moving north towards the North Pole will receive _____ direct sunlight.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: If we have two materials with the same volume, the material with a higher mass will be more dense.

Question: Mike put two things into buckets of water. The first bucket got a rubber duck, and the second bucket got a bowling ball. The water was less displaced in the bucket with the rubber duck, because the mass was
Choices:
larger
smaller
Answer: B
Background: A thinner wire is more difficult for electrons to move through than a thicker wire.

Question: If Jim is transmitting electricity through a wire and he reduces the size of that wire, the electrons move through it
Choices:
easier
harder
Answer: B
Background: The Earth travels faster in its elliptical orbit when it is closer to the Sun than when it is farther away.

Question: What would happen to the speed of Earth's orbit if our planet were to move closer to the Sun?
Choices:
increased speed
decreased speed
Answer: A
Background: The gravitational force between two objects decreases as the objects move further apart.

Question: If Milo is holding two objects close together and he decides to move them farther apart, what happens to the gravitational force between the objects?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: As the liquid particles lose energy, their movement slows down even more. As their movements become slower and slower, the attractive forces between become stronger.

Question: When Ian has a ton of energy, Ian moves
Choices:
quickly
slowly
Answer: A
Background: Objects with greater mass have a stronger force of gravity.

Question: If Mona is comparing an apple and an orange and she determines that the apple has more mass then the orange, which one has a greater force of gravity?
Choices:
apple
orange
Answer: A
Background: The higher the temperature, the more energy the particles have and the faster they will move and diffuse.

Question: By filling a kettle with water and placing it on a burner turned to high, will the motion of the water molecules in the kettle
Choices:
increase in speed
decrease in speed.
Answer: A
Background: The smaller its mass is, the greater its acceleration for a given amount of force.

Question: If Milo is racing cars on a track and one car has more mass then another, what does that tell him about the larger cars acceleration potential compared to the smaller car?
Choices:
it's higher
it's lower
Answer: B
Background: In the larger container we will still have the same number of gas particles, but now they are filling a much larger space.

Question: A smaller box can hold how much air compared to a large box?
Choices:
More air
Less air
Answer: B
Background: Rougher surfaces have more friction between them than smoother surfaces.

Question: A piece of sandpaper was rubbed across a glass table, then the sandpaper was rubbed across some gravel. The friction will be less between
Choices:
the sandpaper and the glass table or
the sandpaper and the gravel.
Answer: A
Background: Many observatories are built on high mountains. There is less air above the telescope, so there is less interference from the atmosphere.

Question: Milo owns two telescopes, one at the top of a mountain and one at the base. If he looks through the one at the top of the mountain, how much interference can he expect compared to the one at the bottom of the mountain?
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: The more tightly packed the particles inside the material are, the more dense we say they are.

Question: When we pack a fewer things into a box it becomes
Choices:
less dense
more dense
Answer: A
Background: More water allows more chemical reactions.

Question: If Mona is mixing some chemicals in a beaker for her science project and she adds less water to the mixture, what will happen to the amount of chemical reactions that can take place inside the beaker?
Choices:
it will decrease
it will increase
Answer: A
Background: In Life Sciences it is important to note that whenever a structure has an increased surface area, there is an increase in the functioning of that structure.

Question: A structure with a decreased surface area will _____ in functioning.
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: Temperature increases with depth inside the Earth, so melting of rocks is more likely to occur at greater depths.

Question: James is boring deep into the Earth. His shuttle is less likely to burn up at _____ depths.
Choices:
shallow
deep
Answer: A
Background: Inhaling, or breathing in, increases the size of the chest, which decreases air pressure inside the lungs.

Question: Bob releases a deep breath, so that his lungs will have more painful pressure, making the size of Bob's chest
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: A
Background: Temperature increases with depth inside the Earth, so melting of rocks is more likely to occur at greater depths.

Question: Mona is excavating a deep tunnel as part of an exploratory committee. As she bores deeper in to the Earth, what can she expect will happen to the temperature?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: Warm air is less dense than cool air, so it rises higher in the troposphere.

Question: If air cools, it becomes _____ dense.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: So the higher an object is above a surface, the more potential energy it has.

Question: If Mona is holding a baseball above a table and then decreases the height of that baseball from the table, what happens to the potential energy of the baseball?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: The higher the temperature, the more energy the particles have and the faster they will move and diffuse.

Question: As we move slower we wind up getting
Choices:
hotter
cooler
Answer: B
Background: Gluons make quarks attract each other more strongly the farther apart the quarks get.

Question: When quarks are taken further apart, they experience minimal attraction, but when they're brought together, they have an attraction that is
Choices:
greater
smaller
Answer: B
Background: As the amount of water increases, the melting point of rock decreases.

Question: Ian is trying to melt rocks, nothing that the water around the rocks is quite high. Since there is a lot of water around the rocks, the melting point of the rock will be
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: B
Background: Better farming techniques and machines increased the food supply and the distribution of food.

Question: When people figured out how to grow food the levels of food in the world
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: A
Background: Water near shore generally has more dissolved nutrients than water farther from shore.

Question: A scientist, near the shore, would expect to find _____ dissolved nutrients in the water than one mile away from the shore.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: The louder the sounds are, the less exposure is needed to cause hearing loss.

Question: Tina is at a loud concert. She is _____ susceptible to hearing loss as she gets further from the speakers.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: Temperature affects the rate at which photosynthesis, cellular respiration and decomposition take place. The rate of reaction increases with increasing temperature and decreases at lower temperatures.

Question: john was watching the rate of reactions going on in some plants. he noticed that the rate decreased when the temperatures
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: B
Background: Air pressure is less at higher elevations.

Question: Air pressure will _____ when one goes up a mountain.
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: The more basic a solution is, the closer its pH value will be to 14.

Question: A solution with a pH value of 14 is _____ considered to be basic.
Choices:
definitely
not
Answer: A
Background: The longer the exposure, the more light that the telescope can gather to make the image.

Question: Will was using a flashlight. He used a long exposure and a short exposure. Which exposure likely made the stars seem dimmer?
Choices:
short
long
Answer: A
Background: Fossils found at the lowest layer of rock would be the oldest, as these would have been buried for the longest time, whereas fossils found closer to the surface would be buried more recently and therefore be younger.

Question: Everett went lower and lower to look at the rocks on the cliff. The lowest rocks are likely
Choices:
youngest
oldest
Answer: B
Background: Temperature affects the rate at which photosynthesis, cellular respiration and decomposition take place. The rate of reaction increases with increasing temperature and decreases at lower temperatures.

Question: Eric decreased the temperature on the thermostat. The rates of reaction in the room now happen more
Choices:
quickly
slowly
Answer: B
Background: Temperature increases with depth inside the Earth, so melting of rocks is more likely to occur at greater depths.

Question: James stares at the volcano and saw the rocks exist because of the _____ temperatures.
Choices:
high
low
Answer: B
Background: When two skateboarders push against each other, it causes them to move apart. The harder they push together, the farther apart they move.

Question: When you use less force to move a car it will
Choices:
move less
move further
Answer: A
Background: At higher temperatures, particles of reactants have more energy, so they move faster. They are more likely to bump into one another and to collide with greater force.

Question: A particle that is in the desert is likely _____ compared to one in the arctic.
Choices:
faster
slower
Answer: A
Background: For example, more people on the Earth means more people contributing to global warming and pollution.

Question: John looked at the graphs and noticed something. As the population of people grew smaller, the rate of global warming was
Choices:
Less
Greater
Answer: A
Background: We can say that resistance and current in an electric circuit areinversely proportional, because as the one increases, the other decreases, and vice versa.

Question: If Mary decreases the resistance of her electrical circuit, what will happen to the current in that circuit?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: Longer wires have more resistance than shorter wires.

Question: Chris ran a wire 3 foot long. Ron ran a wire 10 foot long. If all else was the same, the wire that Ron had
Choices:
more resistance
less resistance.
Answer: A
Background: However, the energy is diluted as an electromagnetic wave travels farther from its source because it spreads out over an ever-larger area.

Question: Karen is observing an electromagnetic wave and how it travels from its source. This wave travels near to its source, because the energy is diluted
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: The trade-off when the threads are closer together, is that more turns of the screw or bolt are needed to do the job because the distance over which the input force must be applied is greater.

Question: Harry was installing a TV mount. He drills into the wall with a screw that has 20 threads. If he used a screw of the same size with 30 threads, it would take _____ turns to put it in.
Choices:
fewer
more
Answer: B
Background: The closer the charged objects are, the stronger the electrostatic force.

Question: Ian wants to have a very strong electrostatic force, so he will make sure that his charged objects are
Choices:
closer
farther
Answer: A
Background: The size of the eroded particles depends on the velocity of the water. Eventually, the water deposits the materials. As water slows, larger particles are deposited. As the water slows even more, smaller particles are deposited.

Question: If the rate of flow in a river were reduced, what would happen to the size of sediment particles being deposited on the riverbed?
Choices:
smaller particles would be deposited
larger particles would be deposited
Answer: A
Background: As you go farther from the nucleus of an atom, the electron levels have more and more energy.

Question: The electron levels furthest from the nucleus of an atom have _____ energy than those further away.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Solar power is expensive, but as demand increases technology improves and costs decrease.

Question: As more solar panels are made the price of them will
Choices:
go up
go down
Answer: B
Background: The more acidic a solution is, the closer its pH value will be to 0

Question: Compared to a solution of lye with water, which is strongly basic, would vinegar, which is acidic, have a pH value
Choices:
closer to 0
farther away from 0?
Answer: A
Background: The development of better missiles fostered better rocket technologies.

Question: As we work to develop things our technology levels as a species
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: B
Background: The greater the mass of the objects, the stronger the gravitational pull between them.

Question: If Mona makes some clay balls and removes clay from them, decreasing their mass, what happens to the gravitational pull between the two clay balls?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: The forest habitat of elephants has also decreased in size due to humans moving in, so the numbers of the elephants have decreased.

Question: Erin was going to see the elephants in the jungle. If the jungle is larger than it was 20 years ago, then what has likely happened to the population of the elephants?
Choices:
it has decreased
it has increased
Answer: B
Background: If you are standing on the shore and a ship is going out to sea, the ship gets smaller as it moves further away from you.

Question: When we see something close it looks
Choices:
bigger
smaller
Answer: A
Background: The harder the batter hits the ball, the greater will be its acceleration.

Question: Dan hits a car with his car. Dan was going only twenty miles an hour, and the other car was stopped. If Dan had hit the car going forty miles an hour, the stopped car would be moved
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Machines make work easier by increasing the amount of force that is applied, increasing the distance over which the force is applied, or changing the direction in which the force is applied.

Question: Kate makes a machine that is very productive, and it gets work done quickly, because it uses force in amounts that are
Choices:
lesser
greater
Answer: B
Background: Water becomes more dense when it is colder and when it has more salt.

Question: If Jim lowers the temperature of water in his bathtub, what happens to the density of the water?
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: B
Background: For a given medium, sound waves travel more slowly at lower temperatures.

Question: When it is very warm what happens to the speed of items?
Choices:
speed up
slow down
Answer: A
Background: The main law is the law of superposition. This law states that deeper rock layers are older than layers closer to the surface.

Question: John was looking at the rock layers at the bottom of the cliff. He saw that as the layers became deeper, they also became
Choices:
Newer
older
Answer: B
Background: With a higher the concentration of hydrogen ions, a solution is more acidic and has a lower pH.

Question: If Jim wants to lower the pH of his solution he should do what to the concentration of hydrogen ions inside of it?
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: B
Background: Longer wires have more resistance than shorter wires.

Question: If Mona is building an electrical machine and she increases the length of the wire feeding power to it, what happens to the resistance of that wire?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: The size of the eroded particles depends on the velocity of the water. Eventually, the water deposits the materials. As water slows, larger particles are deposited. As the water slows even more, smaller particles are deposited.

Question: More particles are deposited when a river's speed
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: A decrease in greenhouse gas levels decreases global temperature and an increase raises global temperature.

Question: Polly gets her planet to reduce greenhouse gas levels. The global temperature as a result likely
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: Bigger atoms have more electrons.

Question: A dog, compared to an elephant, will have a number of electrons that is
Choices:
larger
smaller
Answer: B
Background: The full box is harder to move because it has greater mass and therefore greater inertia.

Question: Sally is pulling two wagons. The red wagon is full of sand, and the blue wagon is empty. The wagon that will be easier to pull is the
Choices:
red wagon
blue wagon
Answer: B
Background: An object has greater momentum if it has greater mass, greater velocity, or both.

Question: If an eighteen wheeler and a small wagon are both rolling down a small hill, which has the most momentum?
Choices:
small wagon
eighteen wheeler
Answer: B
Background: Because all electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed through space, a wave with a shorter wavelength must have a higher frequency, and vice versa.

Question: Don sees wavelengths using a spectrometer. A wavelength that is very long likely has a _____ frequency compared to a longer one.
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: A
Background: By using multiple stages, empty fuel containers could drop away. This reduced the mass of the rocket so that it could fly higher.

Question: If Mary is building a rocket and she wants it to fly as low as possible, what should she do to the mass of the rocket?
Choices:
increase it
decrease it
Answer: A
Background: Breast cancer is rare in teens but becomes more common as females get older.

Question: As Betty gets older her chances of contracting breast cancer
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: Differences in air pressure over the surface of the Earth result in wind. The greater the differences in air pressures, the stronger the wind.

Question: Thea moved to a town that has greater differences in air pressure than her hometown. The new city likely experiences _____ wind.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: Acids have pH values below 7. The lower the pH value, the more strongly acidic the substance.

Question: A pH value of 6 has a _____ acidity level than a pH value of 8.
Choices:
lower
higher
Answer: B
Background: Different types of rocks weather at different rates. More resistant types of rocks will remain longer.

Question: Carter puts two rocks outside; one is a soft pebble, the other is a solid stone. A year later, he checks on the rocks. The soft pebble is not there because it has a resistance that is
Choices:
greater
lesser
Answer: B
Background: As the rocks move deeper into the Earth, temperature and pressure increase.

Question: Ulysses pilots his drill ship deep into the Earth's core. His ship is subjected to _____ temperature and pressure than at the surface.
Choices:
less
more
Answer: B
Background: When two skateboarders push against each other, it causes them to move apart. The harder they push together, the farther apart they move.

Question: John was watching the two men fighting and shoving each other. He observed that the harder they push, their movement will become
Choices:
Greater
Lesser
Answer: A
Background: The more charged the objects are, the stronger the electrostatic force between them.

Question: If an object gains more charge, it will _____ electrostatic force.
Choices:
lose
gain
Answer: B
Background: The rocket goes upwards because the hot gases shoot downwards out of the nozzle. The faster the gases go downwards, the faster the rocket goes upwards.

Question: Bob watched the rocket as it shoots into the sky. He sees that as the gases exiting the nozzle go faster, the rocket goes
Choices:
faster
slower
Answer: A
Background: Bacteria with a mutation the helps resist antibiotics increase in numbers, so the mutation becomes more common.

Question: Eric notices an decrease in antibiotic resistance in a certain bacteria. The mutation that causes the resistance has become _____ common
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: As the water is pumped out, the water table slowly falls, requiring wells to be dug deeper, which takes more money and energy.

Question: When we are pumping less water out of a lake the lake's water level will
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: The particles in matter are always moving. The more energy they have, the faster they move.

Question: Eric saw a fast moving particle and a slower one. The slow moving particle has _____ energy than the faster one.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: The full box is harder to move because it has greater mass and therefore greater inertia.

Question: When something is very heavy and starts moving what level of energy does it have?
Choices:
high
low
Answer: A
Background: Its harder to overcome friction between heavier objects and the floor than it is between lighter objects and the floor.

Question: If you were trying to push a box and wanted the one with the most friction which would you push?
Choices:
light box
Heavy box
Answer: B
Background: In a series circuit, the resistance increases as more resistors are added in series.

Question: Steve noticed when looking at the series circuit that as more resistors were subtracted the resistance
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: B
Background: Smaller tributary glaciers, like tributary streams, flow into the main glacier in their own shallower U-shaped valleys.

Question: Sandra sees a huge glacier, and notes that it has smaller tributary glaciers flowing into it, in valleys that are
Choices:
shallow
deep
Answer: A
Background: The rocket goes upwards because the hot gases shoot downwards out of the nozzle. The faster the gases go downwards, the faster the rocket goes upwards.

Question: If John increases the rate at which gas exits the bottom of his rocket, what will happen to the upward momentum of the rocket? It will
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: As more resistors are added in series, the total resistance of the circuit increases.

Question: If we want to decrease resistance in computers we should put more resistors in
Choices:
parallel
series
Answer: A
Background: In the mesosphere, temperature decreases as altitude increases.

Question: When we get lower in the air what happens to the temperature?
Choices:
goes up
goes down
Answer: A
Background: Compared with a less powerful device, a more powerful device can either do more work in the same time or do the same work in less time.

Question: If Mona upgrades her old computer to a more powerful model, what happens to the amount of work her computer can do?
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: B
Background: As the liquid particles lose energy, their movement slows down even more. As their movements become slower and slower, the attractive forces between become stronger.

Question: If Mona is pushing a sled and she begins to get energized, her energy levels rise. What happens to the movement of the sled?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: If blood volume in the body decreases, blood pressure decreases.

Question: If Jim increases a lot of blood from a cut he sustains, what will happen to his blood pressure?
Choices:
it will become lower
it will become higher
Answer: B
Background: The folds present in the membrane increase the surface area allowing more ribosomes to be present on the ER, thereby allowing greater protein production.

Question: If there is more surface area on an item then it will have
Choices:
more ribosomes
less ribosomes
Answer: A
Background: The surface is heated by the Sun and some of that heat radiates back into the air. This makes the temperature higher near the surface than at higher altitudes.

Question: The closer to sea level that you get the
Choices:
cooler it is
warmer it is
Answer: B
Background: The size of an ocean wave depends on how fast, over how great a distance, and how long the wind blows. The greater each of these factors is, the bigger a wave will be.

Question: John is relaxing at the beach watching the waves when the wind begins to pick up. When the wind begins to blow faster, what happens to the size of the waves?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: More people also means more clearing of land for agriculture and development.

Question: A city will grow larger when the number of people who are there
Choices:
grows
shrinks
Answer: A
Background: With fewer trees, the air is drier and droughts are more common.

Question: John was looking at the weather data and making some observations. He saw that with more trees, droughts were
Choices:
Greater
Lesser
Answer: B
Background: When a person exercises regularly, and is fit, the heart undergoes certain long-term adaptations. The heart muscle gets stronger, and expels more blood with each contraction.

Question: Compared to an obese person who has never exercised, would an Olympic sprinter in perfect condition be more likely to have a heart that can, with each beat, move
Choices:
more blood
less blood?
Answer: A
Background: The density of the atmosphere decreases with an increase in the height above sea level (altitude).

Question: the pilot was looking at the barometer in his airplane. he saw that with an increase in height made the density be
Choices:
higher
lower
Answer: B
Background: Increased resource use generally means more waste; electronic waste from developed nations is a growing problem in the developing world.

Question: If Milo makes an effort to use less resources in his day to day life, what will happen to the amount of waste he produces?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: The more the baby suckles, the more prolactin is released, which causes more milk to be produced.

Question: As Carla's baby drank breast milk more vigorously, the milk that was made was
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: The Moon has a greater effect on the tides because, although it is much smaller than the Sun, it is much closer.

Question: What will happen to the effect on ocean tides if the Moon were to move farther to the Earth?
Choices:
greater effect
smaller effect
Answer: B
Background: Gluons make quarks attract each other more strongly the farther apart the quarks get.

Question: When quarks are brought together, they experience minimal attraction, but when they're taken further apart, they have an attraction that is
Choices:
greater
smaller
Answer: A
Background: This means that as wavelengths get shorter, more waves move past a particular spot in the same amount of time.

Question: What happens to the rate at which waves move past a particular spot if Jim increases the wavelength of a sound wave?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: B
Background: The more the baby suckles, the more prolactin is released, which causes more milk to be produced.

Question: Will is one year old and breastfeeds from his mother. He suckles more and more. The mother produces _____ milk in response.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: The farther you stretch the band, the greater the resistance is.

Question: If Milo is playing with his rubber bands and he stretches one out, what can he expect to happen to the resistance as he stretches it tighter?
Choices:
decrease
increase
Answer: B
Background: Waves with shorter wavelengths have more energy.

Question: If Jimbo decreases the wavelength of the soundwave he is generating, what will happen to the energy carried by that soundwave?
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: More particles inside the container means more collisions, and more collisions mean a higher pressure.

Question: Sara is in a container representing an object. Her container has 30 balls flying around, representing particles. Tyler is in another container, and his contains 5 balls. Which person's container likely would be under the most pressure?
Choices:
Sara's
Tyler's
Answer: A
Background: The full box is harder to move because it has greater mass and therefore greater inertia.

Question: Rita added less food to the box. It is now _____ to move.
Choices:
harder
easier
Answer: B
Background: Low food supply or a lack of space can lower birth rates, increase death rates, or lead to emigration.

Question: A population of squirrels in a local forest had more food available to them this spring than they did last spring. During which spring will more squirrels leave the area to live somewhere else?
Choices:
this spring
last spring
Answer: B
Background: A fluid exerts pressure in all directions, but the pressure is greater at greater depth.

Question: We are designing a submarine to study fish that live far below the surface of the ocean. Before we can send a human researcher down in the submarine, we have to be sure it can tolerate the pressure of the water without cracking. The easier test will be to send our submarine down to
Choices:
500 feet or
1500 feet?
Answer: A
Background: Plug-in hybrids run for a longer time on electricity and so are less polluting than regular hybrids.

Question: Kevin has a hybrid car and Steve has a large truck. Which car likely pollutes less?
Choices:
hybrid
truck
Answer: A
Background: The full box is harder to move because it has greater mass and therefore greater inertia.

Question: If Jimbo is creating a ball from clay and he removes more clay to the ball, what does he do to the ball's inertia?
Choices:
increases it
decreases it
Answer: B
Background: By using multiple stages, empty fuel containers could drop away. This reduced the mass of the rocket so that it could fly higher.

Question: What happens when you make a rocket heavier?
Choices:
goes higher
falls down
Answer: B
Background: Bigger waves have more energy.

Question: Compared to a 350 foot tall ocean tsunami, would a one inch ripple in a pond have
Choices:
more energy
less energy?
Answer: B
Background: The bigger the waves are and the more sediment they carry, the more erosion they cause.

Question: A part of the beach is rough, and another part is very smooth. The waves on the rough part of the beach are probably
Choices:
larger
smaller
Answer: B
Background: Energy levels farther from the nucleus of an atom have more orbitals.

Question: The _____ orbitals in energy levels are found furthest from the nucleus of an atom.
Choices:
most
less
Answer: A
Background: A higher-frequency wave has more energy than a lower-frequency wave with the same amplitude.

Question: A high-frequency wave will have _____ energy than a low-frequency wave.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: A
Background: At higher concentrations, particles of reactants are crowded closer together, so they are more likely to collide and react.

Question: As we fill a balloon with air the number of reactions in the balloon
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: Longer wavelength electromagnetic waves have lower frequencies, and shorter wavelength waves have higher frequencies.

Question: Eric is looking at the longest electromagnetic wave he has seen today. This wave has the _____ frequency of the day.
Choices:
highest
lowest
Answer: B
Background: Longer wires have more resistance than shorter wires.

Question: As cables get longer they need to get thicker because long cables have
Choices:
less resistance
more resistance
Answer: B
Background: If we increase the resistance in a series circuit, by adding more resistors, then the total current decreases.

Question: Increasing the resistance in a series circuit will lead to _____ total current.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: As the liquid particles lose energy, their movement slows down even more. As their movements become slower and slower, the attractive forces between become stronger.

Question: If Mona is pushing a sled and she begins to get tired, her energy levels fall. What happens to the movement of the sled?
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: Shorter wavelengths (higher frequencies) correspond to higher energies and thus hotter star temperatures.

Question: Don is sending out wavelengths, and wants them to correspond to higher energies. In order to best do this, Don will send out wavelengths that are
Choices:
longer
shorter
Answer: B
Background: The longer the resistor, the more resistance it has.

Question: Terry adds a shorter resistor to the circuit. The resistor offer _____ than the other one.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: Countries with more industry produce more hazardous wastes than those with little industry.

Question: James loved to travel the world. In his travels, he noticed that America contained a lot of industry while China contained not much industry at all. Which country produced more hazardous wastes?
Choices:
America
China
Answer: A
Background: More pollutants mean poorer air quality.

Question: You would find better air near a
Choices:
factory
wooded area.
Answer: B
Background: Developing nations will also increase demands on natural resources as they build more factories.

Question: Compared to the city of Detroit, which is a highly developed industrial city, would an undeveloped patch of Yellowstone national park consume
Choices:
fewer natural resources?
more natural resources
Answer: A
Background: If the gas is heated, the particles will move faster as they gain more energy.

Question: Tina heats some oxygen gas. The oxygen particles will move
Choices:
faster
slower
Answer: A
Background: As the distance between the objects increases, the force of gravitational attraction decreases.

Question: When rocket comes back down out of space, the attraction level the rocket has to the Earth
Choices:
increases
decreases
Answer: A
Background: Breast cancer is rare in teens but becomes more common as females get older.

Question: As people get older they generally become
Choices:
healthier
less healthy
Answer: B
Background: Air pressure is less at higher elevations.

Question: Marcus is climbing a mountain, and notices that it is easier to breathe than it was before. This is likely because Marcus is at a
Choices:
lower elevation
higher elevation
Answer: A
Background: The more charged the objects are, the stronger the electrostatic force between them.

Question: Megan had two charged metal balls that she was analyzing. If she increases the charge of the balls, the electrostatic force between them
Choices:
decreases
increases
Answer: B
Background: An increase in predators, the emergence of a new disease, or the loss of habitat are just three possible problems that will decrease a population.

Question: If there are a lot of wolves the deer population will
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: B
Background: In a series circuit, the resistance increases as more resistors are added in series.

Question: Derek adds several resistors to his project within his series circuit, so therefore, within the series circuit, the resistance will have
Choices:
increased
decreased
Answer: A
Background: In erosion, a slower moving stream will only carry smaller particles.

Question: If the speed of a stream increases, the size of the particles carried in that stream
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: With higher levels of dissolved carbon dioxide in ocean water, the water becomes more acidic.

Question: If Jim adds more carbon dioxide to the ocean, the level of acidity in the ocean becomes
Choices:
greater
smaller
Answer: A
Background: As the population increases, the food supply, or the supply of another necessary resource, may decrease.

Question: A _____ in the population cold lead to less food availability.
Choices:
increase
decrease
Answer: A
Background: In general, the farther away from the Sun, the greater the distance from one planets orbit to the next.

Question: The distance between the first and second planets from the sun should be _____ than the distance between the sixth and seventh planets.
Choices:
more
less
Answer: B
Background: Different types of rocks weather at different rates. More resistant types of rocks will remain longer.

Question: When Dan went to the beach, he found rocks that had not been eroded. Some rocks were quite weathered though, so those must have a resistance that is
Choices:
higher
lower
Answer: B
Background: The more field lines that are drawn, the stronger the field.

Question: John was looking at pictures of the field. He could see that the more lines there were, the field would be
Choices:
Stronger
Weaker
Answer: A