allenai/openscilm_queries huggingface dataset:
Query: finds papers on: The success of the German model relies on several key strategies. First, through industrial policy support, Germany has focused its resources on high-tech manufacturing and the digital industry. For example, Germany's "Industry 4.0" strategy centers on advancing the digitalization and intelligent transformation of manufacturing, promoting the deep integration of the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, and artificial intelligence (AI) in manufacturing. This strategy has effectively strengthened Germany's competitiveness in high-tech industrial chains, enabling it to maintain a leading position in the global market. Second, Germany places great emphasis on building autonomy. By reducing foreign capital involvement and encouraging local technological development, Germany has successfully enhanced its economic and technological independence, increasing the resilience of its economy. Third, Germany focuses on capacity building for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). By providing research and development funding, talent training programs, and support for expanding export markets, Germany has fostered SMEs with internationally leading positions in specific specialized fields. This has enabled the construction of a multi-tiered industrial network, providing strong endogenous momentum for its digital economy.
Subject: finance
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: The investigation of viewer engagement rests on the cognitive ecosystem framework, encompassing
the interplay of cognitive processes and emotional influences. This ecosystem exists within the viewer’s
mind, where hypotheses about the narrative compete for cognitive resources, including attention,
memory, and emotional resonance. Hypotheses are viewed as living entities, born from narrative cues,
evolving through viewer reasoning, and facing the potential for survival or extinction based on incoming
information.
The cognitive processes at play are multifaceted. They include how viewers form hypotheses from
initial clues and their personal biases. Hypothesis formation is influenced by narrative structure,
character arcs, and viewers’ prior experiences and expectations. Emotional investment in characters
and plot developments shapes the retention and evolution of hypotheses.
Viewers engage with narratives through a continuous cycle of hypothesis m
Subject: psychology
Intent: Other
Query: What is the age of the formation of a series of NE-SW oriented structural trends such as Kuril islands (Etorofu and Kunashiri islands) and Shiretoko-Akan uplift zone which are arranged in en echelon pattern? How such NE-SW oriented structural trends in en echelon pattern were created in terms of regional tectonic process and stress field? Is it related to right lateral (dextral) strike-slip movement of fore-arc sliver of Kuril island arc during late Neogene? Just to be sure, North Anatolian Fault in the South Aegean region is a different place and no relation with this querry.
Subject: earth sciences
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: continue Different agile methodologies have been developed to address various challenges in software development. Some of the most popular agile methods include Scrum, Extreme Programming (XP), Kanban, and their fusions \cite{Fuior2019KeyEF, Altameem2015ImpactOA}. "Scrum is the most used and the most useful agile framework currently available, both in research and in the industry", notably, Scrum has emerged as the most popular agile framework in both academic research and industry practice\cite{article}. Despite the considerable acclaim it has received, there exists a paucity of studies that provide  evidence and comprehensive analyses to claims regarding Scrum's superiority over alternative methodologies.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Other
Query: 
Introduce the prior papers and related research that have proposed peak detection algorithms for the main steps below, and that are often cited.
I would like to cite them in my paper.

Data preprocessing and smoothing
Noise reduction using the Savitzky-Golay filter
Normalization to probability density when creating a histogram
Keywords: signal smoothing, Savitzky-Golay filter, density normalization
Detecting peak candidates
Implementation based on scipy.signal.find_peaks
Evaluation based on a combination of multiple quality metrics:
Prominence Threshold Filtering
Minimum Peak Width Constraint
Minimum Peak Distance Setting
Relative Height Threshold
Keywords: peak detection, prominence threshold, peak width filtering
Calculation of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)
Estimation of local background noise level
Comparison of peak intensity and background noise
Formula: (signal - mean_background) / std_background
Keywords: local SNR calculation, background noise estimation
Multiparametric quality filtering
SNR threshold
Prominence threshold
Robust peak detection using a combination of width thresholds
Keywords: multiparametric filtering, peak quality assessment
Subject: computer science
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: One of the pivotal mechanisms underlying muscle atrophy is the activation of protein degradation pathways. Excessive dexamethasone administration directly upregulates myostatin and FoxO transcription factors, thereby activating the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), which includes MuRF1 and atrogin-1 as key regulators of muscle protein breakdown. These ubiquitin ligases tag specific proteins for degradation, leading to a significant loss of muscle mass, strength, and function (Sakuma et al., 2017).
Subject: biology
Intent: Other
Query: Objective: Analyze the static crush space in a passenger car to ensure occupant safety during collisions, based on the vehicle’s dimensions and weight.

Scope:

Vehicle Selection: Choose a representative passenger car model for the study.
Data Collection:
Gather detailed dimensions of the car (length, width, height, and interior space).
Record the vehicle’s weight and distribution.
Crush Space Analysis:
Identify critical areas for crush space analysis (e.g., front, rear, and side panels).
Use static crush tests to measure deformation and energy absorption in these areas.
Evaluation Criteria:
Assess the structural integrity and deformation limits.
Evaluate the impact on occupant safety and survival space.
Comparison and Recommendations:
Compare results with safety standards (e.g., FMVSS 216).
Provide recommendations for design improvements to enhance crush space and occupant safety.
Expected Outcome: A comprehensive understanding of the static crush space in the selected passenger car model, with insights into potential design enhancements for improved safety.
Subject: engineering
Intent: Ideation
Query: Thesis Outline: Fire Risk Assessment in a Student Dormitory Using Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Event Tree Analysis (ETA)
Abstract: A brief overview of the research, highlighting the importance of fire safety in student dormitories, the use of Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Event Tree Analysis (ETA) as methods for risk assessment, and the objectives and findings of the study.

the fire risk assessment is to be done for a student dormitory
Subject: engineering
Intent: Ideation
Query: In their paper “Improved formulas for fusion cross-sections and thermal reactivities,” Bosch and Hale (1992) present interpolation formulas for fusion reaction rates between thermal particles. I would like to know the interpolated formulas for fusion reaction rates between beam ions and thermal particles. Especially, when beam ions are deuterium and thermal particles are deuterium or trihydrogen. I would like to know the literature where such a description is available.
Subject: physics
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: please, find additional data on "Undernutrition among orphan children aged 6-59 months is a significant public health concern, particularly in developing countries. Studies have shown that orphan children are at a higher risk of undernutrition compared to non-orphan children (Teferi et al. 2021). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), stunting, underweight, and wasting are the most common forms of undernutrition among children in developing countries (Finucane et al. 20131).

The prevalence of undernutrition among orphan children varies across different regions and countries. A study conducted in Ethiopia found that 34.8% of orphan children aged 6-59 months were stunted, while 12.3% were underweight, and 4.4% were wasted (Teferi et al. 2021). In contrast, a study in Tanzania reported that 41.0% of orphan children in the lowland area and 64.5% in the highland area were stunted (Mrema et al. 2021)."
Subject: medicine
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: It is necessary to incorporate the needs and experiences of medical students into the design process in order to adapt the new tools to their actual needs. Some previous studies have pointed out the important role of students in the design of educational tools, such as some studies using co-creation methods to invite students to design educational tools to explore. There is also a lot of research in the field of medical education to incorporate the feedback and needs of medical students into teaching design. For example, some research.
Subject: medicine
Intent: Other
Query: Biomimetic methods for water purification Nature has developed many ways to purify water, and these processes are now inspiring innovative water treatment technologies. One of the most promising areas is the development of biomimetic membranes for water purification. Cellular membranes in living organisms are incredibly efficient at selectively allowing certain molecules to pass through while blocking others. Scientists are now developing artificial membranes that mimic this selectivity, which could revolutionize water purification processes. These biomimetic membranes could provide more efficient and less energy-intensive ways to desalinate water and remove pollutants. Another example of nature-inspired water purification comes from wetland ecosystems. Wetlands are natural water purifiers that use a combination of physical, chemical and biological processes to purify water. Constructed wetlands, which mimic these natural systems, are increasingly being used for wastewater treatment. These systems not only purify water, but also provide wildlife habitat and recreational space for communities.
Subject: environmental science
Intent: Other
Query: Identify recent literature (2015 onward) on resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) as a vulnerability factor for PTSD or stress-related disorders. Focus on alterations in the front-limbic network, especially connections involving the ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC) and middle frontal gyrus (MFG). Include studies examining pre-existing RSFC characteristics and their association with PTSD symptoms following stressful life events.
Subject: neuroscience
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: The International Standard on the Practice of Auditing and Assurance (ISPA 400), issued by the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), defines internal control as the set of policies and procedures implemented by an organization to support the achievement of its objectives. It aims to ensure efficient management, adherence to internal policies, asset protection, fraud prevention, error detection, accuracy of accounting records, and the preparation of reliable financial reports 
Subject: finance
Intent: Other
Query: Yes, I am familiar with glass/ceramic composites. They are materials that combine the properties of glass and ceramics, often resulting in enhanced mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties. These composites can be designed for specific applications, such as in electronics, aerospace, and biomedical fields, where both the toughness of glass and the durability of ceramics are desired. If you have any specific questions or need more detailed information, feel free to ask!
Subject: engineering
Intent: Other
Query: The Moral Data City Hunt (MDCH) is an innovative research method aiming to map the moral positions of citizens regarding techno-moral dilemmas in urban environments. The MDCH consists of two main components: 1. Mobile Moral Lab: A chatbot-based system that presents citizens with urban dilemmas and allows them to interact with and set preferences for moral programming of smart city technologies. 2. Personal Values Dictionary: A linguistic analysis tool that categorizes the language used by participants to identify the values they consider important. 

What (design) research methods align with the MDCH?
Subject: research methods
Intent: Ideation
Query: "Glacier energy balance model"
"Surface energy balance modeling for glaciers"
"Distributed energy balance models for glacier melt"
"Glacier mass balance and energy balance models"
"Glacier melt modeling with energy balance approach"
"SEB (Surface Energy Balance) models for glacier hydrology"
"Comparison of energy balance and temperature-index models"
"Performance of energy balance models in different climates"
"Energy balance modeling of glacier melt under climate change"
"Application of energy balance models in hydropower management"
"Turbulent fluxes in glacier energy balance models"
"Albedo parameterization in glacier melt models"
"Radiation balance and shading effects in glacier models"
"Subglacial and supraglacial water flow modeling"
"Energy balance modeling using remote sensing data"
"Energy balance modeling for Alpine glaciers"
"Himalayan glacier energy balance models"
"Energy balance approach for Arctic glaciers"
"Antarctic ice sheet energy balance studies"Use of satellite data in glacier energy balance modeling"
"High-resolution DEMs for glacier energy balance models"
"Coupling of energy balance models with hydrological models"
"Assimilation of remote sensing data in glacier models""Open-source glacier energy balance models"
"EBM model comparison studies (SNOWPACK, GEOtop, SEB models)"
"Numerical modeling of glacier ablation"
"Python/R/Matlab-based glacier energy balance models""Case studies of energy balance modeling in Alpine regions"
"Field validation of glacier energy balance models"
"Impact of climate change on glacier energy balance" Journal of Glaciology
The Cryosphere
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences (HESS)
Journal of Hydrometeorology
AGU Fall Meeting (American Geophysical Union)
EGU (European Geosciences Union) Energy balance vs. temperature index models for glaciers"
"Integration of energy balance models in hydrological simulations"
"Hydrological response of glaciers using energy balance modeling"
Subject: earth sciences
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: I'm writing a Research Grant Application on Combining Small Language Models and Decentralized Federated Learning support for Differential Diagnosis of Vertebral Compression Fractures Caused by Primary Osteoporosis and Multiple Myeloma. This Research Grant Application aims to develop a novel approach by combining small language models and decentralized federated learning to improve the differential diagnosis of VCFs caused by PO and MM. This approach addresses the limitations of traditional diagnostic methods and offers a more accurate, patient-centered, and cost-effective solution. Please rephrase RESEARCH STRATEGies and Significance for clarity, coherence and conciseness, ensuring each paragraph flows into the next. Remove jargon. Use a professional tone.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Other
Query: Beyond 5G (B5G) networks are expected to support ultra-reliable, low-latency communication (URLLC) and massive machine-type communication (mMTC). These demands expose the limitations of conventional orthogonal access schemes such as TDMA and OFDMA, which suffer from scheduling overhead and inefficient spectrum utilization. Grant-free Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) offers a scalable alternative by allowing devices to transmit without coordination. 
Subject: engineering
Intent: Other
Query: Assist in The development for an application, that can be made on and for Android, compatible with AndroidIDE and for the Android platform, which enables, and assists physically impaired people to utilize and engage in single player android games that they otherwise wouldn't be able to play. The main focus of the app is for blind, or disabled or otherwise handicapped people who are unable to click buttons to aim or use gyro controls or a controller. It should use some type of image-based to detection AI like pytorch, opencv. The app is not to capture the Android camera but to capture and process the current active Android application. Make sure to specify if using kts for Gradle build files and if Java or kotlin will be used.  Set up the OpenCV Android SDK in the project.
Implement PyTorch Mobile for Android.
Integrate the screen capture, OpenCV processing, and PyTorch detection into a seamless workflow.
Implement the input simulation based on the detected objects and game state. Implement the logic for starting the screen capture service in the `MainActivity.startAssistance()` method.
Develop the settings screen and implement the `MainActivity.openSettings()` method.
Implement the image processing pipeline that connects the `ScreenCaptureService`, `OpenCVProcessor`, and `PyTorchDetector`.
Use the `InputSimulator` to translate detected objects into appropriate touch inputs for the game. provide a detailed, step-by-step guide for implementing the requested features and creating a script to automate the process. Let's break this down into manageable steps. This script will create all the necessary files with the provided code in the correct locations within your Android project structure.
Update the `app/build.gradle` file to include the necessary dependencies for OpenCV and PyTorch. Update the `AndroidManifest.xml` file to include the required permissions and service declarations. create a comprehensive Termux script that sets up the entire Accessible Gaming Assistant application, including adding the necessary dependencies, updating the manifest, and creating all required files. This script will automate the process from start to finish.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Hi, I'm trying to create a world map type plot, where I want to show discrepancy between the global north and global south countries, in terms of AI. My key argument is: AI progress is uneven, and it is biased toward / favours global north countries predominantly. For instance, I have a data showing LLM actuality for different countries, and it clearly shows that LLM factuality is far better for global north countries, compared to global south. Your task is to find more data sources on what else I can show in my world map, to support my argument.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Silicates can react with various substances, including acids, bases, and certain metals. For example:

1. **Acids**: Silicates can react with hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid to produce silicic acid and a salt.
   \[
   Na_2SiO_3 + 2HCl \rightarrow H_4SiO_4 + 2NaCl
   \]

2. **Bases**: They can also react with strong bases like sodium hydroxide to form complex silicates.
   \[
   SiO_2 + 2NaOH \rightarrow Na_2SiO_3 + H_2O
   \]

3. **Metals**: In some cases, silicates can react with metals under high temperatures to form silicides.
   \[
   SiO_2 + 2C \rightarrow Si + 2CO \quad \text{(at high temperature)}
   \]

These reactions depend on conditions such as temperature, pressure, and the specific type of silicate involved.
Subject: chemistry
Intent: Other
Query: I am working on a new project to predict the performance of dyes for DSSC applications, precisely I need to accurately predict the PCE of a DSSC based on novel dyes. I want to use machine learning combined with DFT/TDDFT calculations. Also, I want the Intelligent model to be able to make analytical and performance comparisons physically and chemically for the investigated dyes, it should compare all aspects including stability, optical, and PCE traits. What do you suggest? Can I use other already Ai algorithms for that or webapps?
Subject: engineering
Intent: Ideation
Query: Using the Q1 literature, examine the role of cell temperature in the context of solar cell performance. Please address the following points in your response:

Reference Identification:
Identify  Q1 literature sources that investigates cell temperature. Specify how cell temperature is either explicitly mentioned or inferred in the study.

Estimation Model/Method:
Describe the estimation model or method employed in the reference to evaluate the impact of cell temperature. Explain any key technical details and, if applicable, include phonetic pronunciations for any specialised terms (e.g., /sɛl/ for cell, /ˈtɛmp.ər.ətʃər/ for temperature).

Key Findings:
Summarise the primary findings regarding cell temperature as reported by the literature. Highlight any conclusions drawn about the influence of cell temperature on the overall system performance.
Subject: engineering
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: A conceptual diagram linking internal controls to fraud prevention could include:

Independent Variables: Internal controls (segregation of duties, periodic audits, technology integration, employee training).
Mediating Variables: Fraud opportunities, organizational culture.
Dependent Variable: Fraud prevention effectiveness.
This representation would visually summarize the relationships outlined in the frameworks and provide a clear understanding of the study’s focus.

kindly provide me with a diagram  using above points
Subject: finance
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Hi, I’m currently working on a chapter about AI methods in drug repurposing, with a focus on handling data imbalance. I’ve already included examples of SMOTE-based techniques and GANs applied in medical imaging (e.g., Frid-Adar et al.). However, I’m looking for studies where GANs were specifically used to generate synthetic data or enhance predictions in drug repurposing tasks.
If there are any papers or resources related to GAN applications in this context, I would greatly appreciate it!
Thank you in advance for your help.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: Urban networks, as complex systems, generate meso and macro patterns from the aggregation of micro relationships of spatial entities in cities. Networks in human geography can be observed at multiple scales of research extent, and levels (or resolutions) of spatial entities, depending on the interrelations of spatial entities in interest (Rozenblat & Neal, 2021). As shown in Table 1.1, urban networks are defined and formed by the combination of scale and level, depending on the focus of urban studies. In general, the broader the scale is and/or the finer the level is, the more information is required for its analysis. 
Subject: environmental science
Intent: Other
Query: Provide me foundational papers  on personality models and theories\subsubsection{Overview of Theoretical Frameworks}

A variety of theoretical approaches have been developed to conceptualize and categorize personality. Some models propose typological structures, such as the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), which classifies individuals based on preferences along four dichotomies, or the Enneagram, which posits nine personality types rooted in distinct motivations, fears, and desires \cite{al-obaidi2021}. Although these frameworks have gained widespread public interest, they vary in empirical support and theoretical rigor. 
Subject: psychology
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: I am trying to do literature review for SLM's on question generation task specifically - i found these papers : 
1. Cross-lingual Transfer for Automatic Question Generation by Learning Interrogative Structures in Target Languages ,
2. Small Generative Language Models for Educational Question Generation,
3.SYNTHETIC CONTEXT GENERATION FOR QUESTION GENERATION,
4. Follow-on Question Suggestion via Voice Hints for Voice Assistants
5.Generative Interpretation: Toward Human-Like Evaluation for Educational Question-Answer Pair Generation
can u summarize these papers in the aspect of how I can implement the SLM for question generation task
Subject: computer science
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Carbon fiber is a type of fiber material that is made from carbon atoms. It is known for its high strength-to-weight ratio, excellent thermal and chemical stability, and good electrical conductivity. Carbon fibers are often used as reinforcing materials in composite materials, such as those used in aerospace, automotive, sports equipment, and construction industries. They provide superior performance compared to traditional materials like steel or aluminum, making them ideal for applications where weight reduction and strength are critical.
Subject: engineering
Intent: Other
Query: AI in education is transforming traditional pedagogical models, with a focus on personalized learning and addressing the emotional well-being of students. Many studies explore the application of artificial intelligence in education, including the optimization of personalized learning experiences, the benefits and challenges of adaptive learning environments, and the support of emotional intelligence systems for students' emotional needs to enhance learning outcomes. There is also a need to investigate how AI systems can be designed to better accommodate students with varying learning abilities, ensuring equity in educational outcomes.
Subject: education
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: To analyze the advantages and disadvantages of Ozempic for the treatment of obesity. Methods: Through an integrative analysis, it was possible to highlight different investigations in scientific articles. The article established inclusion criteria, such as keywords, publication language and being on one of the preselected platforms (Scielo, PubMed and RDU) and also established exclusion criteria, such as incomplete research, was the subject investigated and without methods and explicit methods. Results: The Ozempic (semaglutide) has good results in helping to lose weight in obese patients. Despite being developed for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the results for obesity were positive. Among the main results is weight loss, which is directly conditioned to the dosage of medication, as well as a better energy intake and a lower preference for fatty foods in the patients' choice. All these factors were considered advantages. Among the disadvantages of using the drug is the fact that it is new in the market, which limits scientific research. According to the authors, some researchers have already established a causal relationship between the use of semaglutide and thyroid cancer in rodents; this factor has not been proven in humans and is considered a disadvantage. Final considerations: The use of Ozempic presents interesting results for weight loss, however, although the long-term side effects of the use of this drug are not known, a factor that may pose a risk to patients who are using Ozempic for it. treatment of obesity.
Subject: medicine
Intent: Other
Query: I'm writing a Research Grant Application on Combining Small Language Models and Decentralized Federated Learning support for Differential Diagnosis of Vertebral Compression Fractures Caused by Primary Osteoporosis and Multiple Myeloma. This Research aims to improve the differential diagnosis of VCFs caused by PO and MM by addressing the limitations of traditional diagnostic methods and offers a more accurate, patient-centered, and cost-effective solution. summarize the papers on RESEARCH STRATEGies and Approachs
Subject: computer science
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: search for existing studies on time series generated summing many sinusoids, in particular the frequency distribution , and whether these are useful for reproducing financial time series? I am therefore interested in artificially generated time series as sums of a large number of simple sinusoidal series. what kind of frequency and amplitude distribution has been used or applied?.
 I am interested in a power law distribution of component frequencies, in particular see what is said about distributions with a negative exponent equal to or very close to -1. I am not interested in Fourier decomposition and everything that concerns the analysis of a series in terms of sinusoidal series, but the opposite, that is starting from sinusoidal series to arrive at a sum, so the object of study is in the choice of components and their distribution.
Subject: math
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: 
The next research direction I want to pursue is integrating multiple social norms while maintaining universal values. Considering that each user has a different background, the model should address this aspect to make the output sound more persuasive. It might be difficult to understand for people in East Asian countries, where marijuana is illegal, that university students can smoke marijuana in California, where it is legal. It would be helpful to give an additional explanation of cultural differences.
 
I want to approach this problem using a multi-agent framework, where each agent model can be a representative of each norm, keeping that balance between each norm and complying with universal values. Specifically, I want to create agent personas based on specific cultural or social demographics through pluralistic alignment and engaging in communication with others to achieve balance. Introducing a manager agent to oversee discussions, ensure adherence to universal values, and make final decisions could be an effective way to harmonize diverse perspectives properly.
Currently, I am working on a project investigating how large language models (LLMs) persuade one another, specifically examining the techniques agents use to influence each other (to be submitted to ICML 2025). I want to extend this approach to enhance balance. Especially, it can be challenging to recognize extreme cultural relativist views because superficially they emphasize the value of respect. For example, a statement like "In some countries, human trafficking has been a part of history, so it is seen as natural there. Therefore, it should be regarded with respect within the context of these nations." should be deemed problematic, regardless of cultural context. To distinguish such deceptive arguments, analyzing the agents’ explanations could provide an interesting and insightful approach.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Ideation
Query: Hi there I am working on a market research project and need help. Let me provide you overall context and objectives of the project. itorho.com is a market place platform that connects the buyer and seller in a unique way. unlike other digital market places it not only connects both stakeholders, but also brokers the sale of product or service by offering an integrated booking system and point of sales system through ikhoka. This is only the first phase of the platform. The overall goal of the platform is to target South Africans in the formal economy using this platform, and formalise or commercialise them, thus making them bankable. To this end the platform plans to assist small business build good financial records, compliance management etc to get access to financial services like loans and credit. I am tasked with helping this platform conduct market research to speak to the following objectives: 1. identify the platforms place in the market. and its potential for growth. 2. understand its competition in the south African market and leverage its unique characteristics. 3. identify the needs of businesses who sell (listed on the platform and those not listed to increase uptake of sellers). this includes checking what users enjoy about the platform and what improvements can be made. 4. Identifying the needs of buyers. what would make them want to use this platform over others, and what would increase uptake.  Overall, the objective of my research is to use these four themes, to highlight the value proposition of this platform for stage 2 funding from government. The project has received development funding to build the platform, and now is building a case for commercialization funding to scale its operations and reach. Please could you provide me with detailed research proposal that meets the need, bearing in mind the broad objective. You do not have to provide specific questions for the instruments just yet, but rather the themes of focus for each instrument targeted at the various stakeholders. with regards to points 1 and 2, I also need a detailed plan of how i can access this information from competitors and what sort of insights I could use to build the case for more funding. 
Subject: business
Intent: Ideation
Query: find resources: Enabling Customization for User Preferences: A recur-ring theme in participant feedback was the importance of customization. Users expressed a desire to adjust icon size, color, and placement to better suit their personal needs and device configurations. This flexibility would not only improve the usability of the interface but also ensure that the security indicators are effective across a diverse user base, including those with specific accessi-bility requirements. Suggestions included larger icons for better visibility and audio descriptions for users with literacy challenges. Implementing these features, if feasible, would enhance accessibility and overall usability. Additionally, it would make it harder for attackers to bypass security indicators, as they do not rely on user preferences by default.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Other
Query: Please list relevant research that should be included in this chapter.

--
 ## 2.2 Recognition and Presentation of Tactile Sensations of Cloth
 
 The research on the tactile qualities of cloth has developed in two directions: (1) the recognition of tactile sensations and (2) the presentation of tactile sensations.
 
 ### 2.2.1 Tactile perception of cloth
 Traditional research on tactile recognition of cloth has mainly taken the following approaches:
 
 Chen et al. [2021] used a large sensor array to measure tactile interactions across the entire garment, but the resolution of each sensor was limited; the See-Through-Your-Skin (STS) sensor of Hogan et al. The STS (See-Through-Your-Skin) sensor of [2021] realized simultaneous visual and tactile measurement using a translucent membrane, but was limited to fixed measurement positions.
 
 In contrast, the telextiles in this research have the following features
 - Stable detection independent of user motion
 - Generalization performance to unknown fabrics through self-supervised learning based on topological features
 - Acquisition of latent representations based on the proximity of tactile sensations of the cloth
Subject: computer science
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: I am an LLM researcher interested in reasoning. 
Consider the following experiment: 

Take a text corpus of human generated step-by-step reasoning (extracted from, say a math textbook). 
For simplicity, assume that it is a text file with each line representing a thought step. 
Truncate the text at the nth line (where n is respectively 90%, 50%, and 10% of the original text corpus). 
Have the LLM generate text using the truncated text corpus (and vary the generation hyperparameters such as temperature, topp, topk, tokenization, etc.)
Measure deviation of generated text from original text. 

To do this, I want an evaluation benchmark that contains the ground truth reasoning (/solution/chain-of-though). I looked at a few datasets (MMLU and ARC-easy/challenge), and they do not contain this. Any suggestions on datasets to use?
Subject: computer science
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Robust and Secure Federated Learning:
Robust aggregation schemes such as Krum, trimmed mean,
and coordinate-wise median [?], [12] defend against Byzantine
attacks by filtering anomalous client updates. FLTrust [?]
uses a server-side trusted dataset to compute a reference
update, improving robustness under non-IID data. However,
such trusted data is often unavailable in IoT environments,
limiting its applicability.
Secure aggregation techniques, notably additive masking
protocols [13], preserve privacy during model update trans-
mission. These protocols prevent the server from accessing
individual gradients, but also limit anomaly inspection unless
complemented by pre-aggregation filtering.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Other
Query: My research paprer is a Constructivist Grounded Approach to Study the Ethical Implications of AI Use in Human Resources Management . Here below are the research questions and research objective : 1.What are the primary ethical concerns associated with AI use in Human Resource Management, and how can a conceptual framework address these concerns? 2. How do algorithmic biases manifest in AI-driven HRM processes, and what strategies can mitigate them? 3. What are the implications of AI-driven data collection on employee privacy, and how can organizations balance AI benefits with data protection? 4. How can transparency and explainability be incorporated into AI-driven HRM systems to enhance trust and accountability? 5. What governance structures are necessary to ensure accountability when using AI in HRM? 6. How can ethical considerations be integrated into the deployment of AI systems in HRM? 7. What are the broader implications of ethical AI practices in HRM for organizational culture and employee well-being? Research Objectives: Objective 1: Identify and analyze key ethical issues associated with AI in HRM. Objective 2: Develop a comprehensive ethical framework integrating legal and ethical considerations. Objective 3: Provide practical guidelines for ethical AI deployment in HRM. Objective 4: Contribute to academic knowledge and inform policy development on ethical AI use in HRM.

Justify the choice and suitability of the Constructivist Grounded Approach  to this case

Subject: business
Intent: Paper Understanding
Query: you are a paper reviewer, please give me the review of this paper. it should consist with the Soundness (score 1-4)
Presentation(score 1-4)
Contribution(score 1-4)
Strengths (text)
Weaknesses (text)
rating (score 1-10)
Confidence(score 1-5) it should be within the format of iclr review. You should consider whether the paper is novel (whether someone else has done this before). The paper is under review for top conference. 5 means broadline reject, 6 means broadline accept. you should use top conference as review standard:https://openreview.net/pdf?id=CscKx97jBi
Subject: computer science
Intent: Paper Understanding
Query: Help me find some datasets with these requirements:
- A dataset must have image and caption.
- images of the dataset should show an unique (or majority) object (instance) in the picture. A person, a cat, or two people with a main person in the center and other is in the background, ...
- the image of a famous character like: celeb, anime character (naruto, peppa pig, ...), ...
Subject: computer science
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Find the relevant reference 

These biases can lead to real-world failures, such as an autonomous Uber vehicle failing to detect a pedestrian crossing at night in 2018, resulting in a fatal accident (National Transportation Safety Board, 2020). Similarly, models trained on skewed weather conditions may perform poorly in rare weather scenarios, posing safety risks. The underrepresentation of critical object categories and adverse weather conditions means that AI systems may not respond appropriately in unexpected or less common situations, leading to unsafe decisions and actions.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Metadata
Query: Molecular phylogenetics indicates that HIV-1 and HIV-2 originated from cross-species transmission events involving simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs). HIV-1 is closely related to SIV strains in chimpanzees (SIV\textsubscript{cpz}), while HIV-2 shares ancestry with SIV from sooty mangabeys (SIV\textsubscript{sm}). These zoonoses, facilitated by ecological and social changes, underlie the emergence of the global HIV/AIDS pandemic.
Subject: biology
Intent: Other
Query: As aforementioned, AI tasks like, natural language processing and image generation required significant computing and energy resource to generate appropriate response. Application like Apple Intelligence and Google Gemini adopt pure cloud based offloading strategy, in which edge device submit an inference request that encompasses the input data to cloud server through the network. Upon receiving the inference request, the cloud server would response an inferencing task along with other computation requests based on pre-defined scheduling heuristic and transmitted back through the same way. 
Subject: computer science
Intent: Other
Query: Analyzing Trends Over Time
"What are the key trends and shifts in the research on [architectural design of university intermediate spaces on user attendance and improving the level of convergent education] over the last [last decade]? Highlight how the focus of studies has changed."
Example: "What are the key trends and shifts in the research on architectural design of university intermediate spaces on user attendance and improving the level of convergent education the last decade? Highlight how the focus has changed from Open, closed, intermediate spaces."
Subject: architecture
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: can you please find papers on this topic
Agricultural tractors, like many other types of machinery, have undergone significant advancements in productivity and efficiency since their inception. Each new generation has been characterized by larger, heavier, and more powerful models, incorporating increasingly sophisticated technologies that enhance both productivity and efficiency. Extensive research by Grisso et al. has examined the evolution of tractor fuel consumption, considering all models tested according to OECD Code 2. The product portfolios of original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) have expanded in both size and complexity, with a notable increase in the number of higher-power models, which typically exhibit improved fuel efficiency, introduced with each generational shift. Additionally, the implementation of various emission regulations has had differential impacts on fuel consumption across tractor models. Given these developments, there is a clear need for a comprehensive, data-driven study on the evolution of agricultural tractor productivity and efficiency, which would facilitate evidence-based decision-making.
Subject: agriculture
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: 
Pluralism and trustworthiness are ideals that news media have struggled to advocate and reconcile ever since 'yellow journalism' became common place (circa 1890). While it is impossible to establish datasets going back this far, recently available online datasets such as CommonCrawl and GDELT can give us insights into how the news media landscape has evolved over the past decade. In this work, we establish a framework for measuring the evolution of traits at the news domain and news ecosystem level, and we apply this framework to study pluralism and trustworthiness. We propose a new network measure, ordinal assortativity, which is used to investigate how news sites link to (using CommonCrawl), or cover the same events as (using GDELT) other news sites of different political biases (pluralism) and credibility (trustworthiness). 

We find that, over time, US news domains across the political spectrum are becoming less pluralistic in the sources that they cite. We explain this by revealing a tradeoff between pluralism and trustworthiness, where citing or covering the same events as more trustworthy sources comes at the cost of pluralism, and vica versa. These findings suggest that the two ideals cannot be easily reconciled and point towards interventions which would help to reconcile them as important avenues of future work.
Subject: social sciences
Intent: Other
Query: I remember reading this academic paper back from 2017 that was on adversarial defense and attacks for computer vision deep neural network systems. It proposed a new attack and a defense, but I think the attack wasn't too novel at the time as a similar attack had already been proposed recently when the paper came out. The defense used something like it trained a separate module, an autoencoder, that would transform adversarially perturbed images back to their unperturbed forms, before input into the base classifier it was defending. This module autoencoder would only do this for perturbed images, it wouldn't do this for un-attacked images, i.e. images that were not perturbed would come out of the other end of the autoencoder in the same state that they were inputted. This paper wasn't in any major ML conference or anything, I think it came out in a game security conference. I think the authors were from UMich, and they played with the CIFAR10 and MNIST datasets. What paper am I thinking of?
Subject: computer science
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: I have a 320W Titan 1000 EZ PEM Electrolyser (0–1000 ml/min) connected directly to an intermittent photovoltaic (PV) power source to study its response to fluctuating power inputs. Surprisingly, I observed the following:

Although hydrogen generation is theoretically proportional to the power provided to the PEM electrolyser stack (i.e., Hydrogen Generation = Constant × Power), the hydrogen generation plot, recorded using a data logger and hydrogen gas flowmeter, shows fluctuations.
When plotting Hydrogen Generation / Power against time, the result is predominantly a horizontal line (parallel to the x-axis), suggesting a stable relationship. However, intermittent deviations appear as peaks or dips, which deviate significantly from this baseline.
Specifically, I observed that the hydrogen generation intermittently drops to 10% below its previous value. These drops occur approximately 5.07 times per hour and last for a minimum of 6 seconds and up to 8 seconds before returning to the expected baseline hydrogen generation value. These drops happen even without significant fluctuations in the input power.
Could you provide a detailed analysis of why these phenomena occur? Please consider:

Information accuracy and logical reasoning.
Scientific and technical correctness.
Critical thinking and critical reasoning.
I aim to understand whether these deviations are caused by technical, electrochemical, or other system-related factors.

Subject: engineering
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: In an era where artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into our daily lives, federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising example of developing private AI, enabling AI models to collaboratively train on distributed devices without exposing private data. Please delve into the latest developments of federated learning, discussing key concepts, technologies, and applications that promote collaboration, enhance privacy, and address the inherent challenges of centralized AI. Also, analyze its potential in shaping the future of AI, especially in the era of large AI models.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Please use the following references and proved details about how peptides can be used for injury recovery and non-surgical repair. The references are: Furthermore, peptides can be used to promote tissue repair and regeneration. For example, peptides can be used to promote the formation of new blood vessels, which can aid in the healing of wounds (Kilimci et al. 2024). Additionally, peptides can be used to promote the growth of new tissue, which can be beneficial in treating conditions such as heart disease and stroke.

In addition, peptides can be used to deliver therapeutic agents directly to specific cells or tissues, reducing the need for surgery. For example, peptides can be conjugated to therapeutic agents, such as small molecules or proteins, and delivered directly to the site of injury or disease (Vincenzi et al. 2024).
Subject: medicine
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Write a comprehensive literature review for a research paper titled 'AI in Loan and Insurance Underwriting' based on the provided research plan. Use journal articles, conference papers, and case studies as sources. Ensure the references are in APA style and include DOI links for each citation. The references must be from the years 2019-2024 and should cover the following key areas: Current applications of AI in loan and insurance underwriting, including automated credit scoring, fraud detection, risk profiling, and personalized pricing. with references 
Subject: computer science
Intent: Literature Understanding