allenai/openscilm_queries huggingface dataset:
Query: For qualitative research on the ethical implication of the use of AI in the Human resource management process, with the below research questions and research objectives, how to justify the use of constructive ground theory based on Chamaz’s works. 

Research questions :
RQ1: What are the primary ethical considerations associated with AI use in Human Resource Management, and how can these be integrated into a structured framework for responsible deployment
RQ2: In what ways do algorithmic biases arise in AI-driven HR processes, and what practical measures could help reduce or eliminate these biases
RQ3: What are the implications of AI-enabled data collection for employee privacy, and how might organizations achieve a balanced approach that safeguards individual rights while reaping technological benefits

RQ4: How can transparency and explainability be incorporated into AI-driven HR systems, and which governance structures are essential to ensure accountability
RQ5: How do ethical AI practices in HRM influence organizational culture and employee well-being, and what strategies might bolster positive outcomes

Research objectives:

RO1: To identify and analyze the main ethical concerns linked to AI-driven HRM, proposing a suitable framework that guides responsible system development and usage
RO2: To examine the emergence of algorithmic biases within HR processes and to recommend methods for recognizing, preventing, and mitigating such biases
RO3: To investigate the impact of AI-based data handling on privacy, highlighting strategies that balance organizational efficiency and the protection of personal information

​​RO4: To assess how transparency, explainability, and governance can be operationalized in AI-enhanced HR functions, with a focus on establishing accountability measures
RO5: To evaluate the broader consequences of integrating ethical principles into AI-driven HR systems, exploring their effects on workforce well-being and organizational culture, and offering guidance on sustained positive engagement

Subject: research methodology
Intent: Ideation
Query: Check for prior work: The CPGE framework consists of three main components: 1) Cultural Knowledge Base (CKB): A
structured database containing information about cultural norms, values, and practices across different
societies. 2) Grounding Module: A graph neural network-based system that takes a base persona
description and a target culture, then generates a culturally-grounded version by reasoning over the
CKB. 3) Evaluation Module: A multi-task learning system that assesses the cultural appropriateness of
generated responses, simultaneously predicting cultural appropriateness scores and generating
explanations for its judgment
Subject: computer science
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: In Pakistan, the ongoing battle against polio faces significant ethical dilemmas, particularly concerning public perceptions of the vaccine. Misinformation has fueled fears that the polio vaccine may cause infertility or is part of a global conspiracy, leading to increased vaccine hesitancy. Additionally, concerns about the cold chain system, which is critical for maintaining vaccine efficacy, raise questions about government accountability and public trust. This commentary will explore these conflicting views, the cultural factors influencing vaccine acceptance, and the need for effective governance to protect public health ,  Commantary article 900 word write please
Subject: medicine
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Dysbiosis, defined as pathological alterations in gut microbial composition, has been implicated in AD progression, correlating with cognitive decline, synaptic dysfunction, and the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates. Despite growing evidence, the causal mechanisms by which gut dysbiosis exacerbates molecular and behavioral hallmarks of late-stage AD remain poorly defined, particularly in advanced disease models that recapitulate human pathology
Subject: neuroscience
Intent: Other
Query: 
Please find references for this paragraph.“ the mainstream view also supports that true intelligence should include the capacity for moral reasoning, making AI ethics an important topic in the humanities.  Some believe that the limitations of large language models stem from their restricted multi-modality compared to the multi-sensory capabilities of humans. If this capacity is breached, the interaction of AI as a complete organism with the environment would further advance the anthropomorphism of artificial intelligence.”
Subject: computer science
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: Code Interpreter
A code interpreter in the context of LLMs is a feature that allows the model to generate, execute and interpret computer code in real time.
Main functions:
- Code execution: Allows scripts written in various languages (Python, R, etc.) to be executed.
- Dynamic data analysis: extracts, transforms and analyses data directly from supplied sources.
- Automation of complex tasks: Can handle advanced mathematical calculations, statistical analysis and data manipulation tasks.
- Practical applications: Generate custom algorithms, test code, or solve programming problems.
Limitations:
- Risk of execution errors if the generated code contains errors.
- Often requires a secure sandbox environment to run non-validated code.

("code interpreter" OR "code execution" OR "script execution" OR "dynamic code" OR "live coding" OR "automated programming" OR "code analysis" OR "code generation") 
AND ("AI" OR "LLM" OR "language model" OR "artificial intelligence" OR "machine learning")

Subject: computer science
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: . Similarly, on p. 14, the authors discuss differences in conflict prevalence and income levels. However, again, it is evident that by coupling the WACC to GDP p.c. there will be differences along conflict and income levels, and I do not think that such a juxtaposition serves to demonstrate that "resource endowment, economic development and non-fragility status play an important role in reducing the cost of capital".
Subject: finance
Intent: Paper Understanding
Query: Please provide a table summarizing peer-reviewed studies that have reported age-related changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) across more than 40 countries. For each country, include: (1) year of publication, (2) first author, (3) average IOP change per decade with 95% confidence interval, (4) study design (cross-sectional or cohort), (5) DOI or URL, and (6) a brief summary of key findings. Prioritize large-scale population-based studies.
Subject: medicine
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: In the event of an influenza pandemic, only limited supplies of vaccines may be available. The authors propose using stochastic epidemic simulations, Genetic Algorithms (GA) and Random Mutation Hill Climbing (RMHC) to find optimal vaccine distributions to minimize the number of illnesses or deaths in the population, given limited amounts of vaccine. Due to the nonlinearity, complexity and stochasticity of the epidemic process, the authors claim that it is not possible to mathematically solve for optimal vaccine distributions. However, they propose GA and RMHC to find near-optimal vaccine distributions. They propose models of an influenza pandemic that has age-specific attack rates similar to the Asian pandemic in 1957-1958 caused by influenza A(H2N2) and the Hong Kong pandemic in 1968-1969 caused by influenza A(H3N2).
Subject: medicine
Intent: Other
Query: 4.2 Emerging Trends in Nano-Quercetin Research
*   VI.B.1.  Multi-functional Nanocarriers (Combining therapy and diagnostics - theranostics)
*   VI.B.2.  "Smart" and Intelligent Nanomaterials (Self-regulating and responsive delivery systems)
*   VI.B.3.  3D Bioprinting and Nano-Quercetin Formulations (Advanced formulation techniques)
  write  review content 
Subject: medicine
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Enabling Cooperative Inference of Deep Learning
on Wearables and Smartphones
Mengwei Xu, Feng Qian, and Saumay Pushp
Abstract
Deep Learning (DL) algorithm is the state-of-the-art algorithm of many computer science fields and applied on many intelligent
mobile applications. In this paper, we propose a system called CoINF, a practical, adaptive, and flexible deep learning framework
that enables cooperative inference between wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches and smart glasses) and handhelds. Our framework
Subject: computer science
Intent: Other
Query: 4. Classification by Social Role

Key Focus: Employee segmentation based on social and organizational roles.

Keywords for Exploration:

	•	Employee role theory
	•	Employee social identity
	•	Work-life balance

Key Literature and Theoretical Perspectives:

	1.	Role Theory: Katz and Kahn (1978) describe employees as role bearers navigating organizational expectations.
	2.	Social Identity Theory: Tajfel (1981) links employee behavior to identity formation within organizational cultures.

Insights:

Understanding employee roles aids in aligning individual aspirations with organizational goals.
Subject: psychology
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: rewrite this abstract in a better way in a single paragraph:

Scientific progress depends on researchers' ability to synthesize the growing body of literature. Can large language models (LMs) assist scientists in this task? We introduce OpenScholar, a specialized retrieval-augmented LM that answers scientific queries by identifying relevant passages from 45 million open-access papers and synthesizing citation-backed responses. To evaluate OpenScholar, we develop ScholarQABench, the first large-scale multi-domain benchmark for literature search, comprising 2,967 expert-written queries and 208 long-form answers across computer science, physics, neuroscience, and biomedicine. On ScholarQABench, OpenScholar-8B outperforms GPT-4o by 5% and PaperQA2 by 7% in correctness, despite being a smaller, open model. While GPT4o hallucinates citations 78 to 90% of the time, OpenScholar achieves citation accuracy on par with human experts. OpenScholar's datastore, retriever, and self-feedback inference loop also improves off-the-shelf LMs: for instance, OpenScholar-GPT4o improves GPT-4o's correctness by 12%. In human evaluations, experts preferred OpenScholar-8B and OpenScholar-GPT4o responses over expert-written ones 51% and 70% of the time, respectively, compared to GPT4o's 32%. We open-source all of our code, models, datastore, data and a public demo.
Subject: social sciences
Intent: Other
Query: Please help me polish this passage:Effects of 24-Epibrassinolide Treatment on Postharvest Browning and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in ‘Youhou’ Sweet Persimmon Fruit
Abstract: To study the effects of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) on the Browning and antioxidant enzyme activity of persimmon fruit, ‘Youhou’ sweet Persimmon fruit was soaked in EBR solution with concentration of 10 μmol L-1, and water treatment (CK) was used as the control. The effect of EBR on chilling injury of persimmon fruit and its possible mechanism were studied after storage at 1℃ for 0 d, 15 d, 30 d, 45 d and 60 d. The experimental findings indicated that the application of EBR treatment had a significant effect in diminishing the browning rate, browning index, rate of weight loss, incidence of rot, and respiration rate of persimmon fruit. After EBR treatment, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were significantly increased, while the activities of lipoxygenase (LOX) were decreased. At the same time, EBR treatment also resulted in the increase of total phenol content. These results indicate that EBR treatment may enhance the cold resistance of postharvest persimmon fruit, reduce fruit Browning and reduce postharvest loss by regulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The results of this study provide technical reference for storage and preservation of persimmon fruit at low temperature.
Key words: ‘Youhou’ sweet persimmon; 24-epibrassinolide; low temperature storage; Browning; antioxidant enzyme activity

Subject: agriculture
Intent: Other
Query: Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced their capability to tackle complex reasoning tasks across various domains, including mathematical problem-solving, code generation, and scientific reasoning\cite{openai2024openai}. These models have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in addressing intricate problems, ranging from solving advanced mathematical theorems and generating syntactically correct and functionally accurate code. Such achievements highlight their growing capacity to handle sophisticated tasks that were previously thought to require human-level expertise.

Despite these successes, applying LLMs to more open-ended and information-intensive tasks, such as multi-document question answering over long contexts, remains challenging. Unlike
Subject: computer science
Intent: Other
Query: To determine if a person passing a wall on Wifi Camera is the same before and after passing, we must first distinguish if it is a person and then if it is the same person. However, if the boundary for defining a person is too narrow in the process of distinguishing a person, it becomes difficult to determine if the person before and after passing is the same person. I am looking for a computer vision paper that proposes a methodology using not only the direction but also the magnitude of a vector to solve this problem. CVPR paper.

Subject: computer science
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for the Advancement of African Education: Exploring Opportunities, Challenges, and Transformative Potential

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into education systems has been transformative globally, but its potential impact on African education remains underexplored. This research examines the benefits of AI in enhancing educational outcomes across the African continent. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, including qualitative interviews with educators, policymakers, and AI developers, alongside quantitative data from pilot programs in urban and rural schools across five African countries: Nigeria, Kenya, South Africa, Ghana, and Tanzania.

Findings reveal that AI applications significantly improve accessibility, quality, and efficiency in education by addressing challenges such as teacher shortages, language barriers, and resource limitations. Specifically, AI-powered adaptive learning platforms demonstrated a 35% increase in student engagement and a 42% improvement in academic performance in STEM subjects. Moreover, AI-based language translation tools facilitated learning in local languages, promoting inclusivity and bridging linguistic divides.

The study also highlights the role of AI in teacher training and administrative efficiency. AI-driven analytics provided actionable insights, reducing administrative burdens by 25% and enabling educators to focus more on pedagogy. However, challenges such as digital infrastructure gaps, data privacy concerns, and socio-economic inequalities remain critical barriers to widespread AI adoption.

Policy recommendations include investments in affordable digital infrastructure, localized AI solutions, and public-private partnerships to scale AI integration sustainably. This research underscores AI's transformative potential to democratize education in Africa, fostering equitable access to quality learning and empowering the continent to meet the demands of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, African education, adaptive learning, digital inclusivity, teacher training, educational equity.
Subject: education
Intent: Other
Query: please make a small and impactfull script for thesis for this text. The study offers significant new knowledge about the learning outcomes of the roles of observers and active participants of students in simulation. 

The knowledge of observers and participants was improved from pre-test 1 to post-test 1 and retained in post-test 2 .

The study confirms the observers also learn the same as participants.

This study contributes to the growing knowledge regarding simulation pedagogy in nursing education by showing that well-structured simulations can assist active and passive learners. 

Subject: education
Intent: Other
Query: However, their inherently unimodal (text-only) nature imposes a fundamental limitation: many real-world cognitive tasks (such as understanding complex formulas, computing intricate numbers, or reasoning about chemical structural formulas) inherently benefit from or rely on multimodal information. Pure text-based LLMs struggle to approach the upper limits of human capability when handling such tasks. More crucially, the vulnerability of the text modality to certain types of subtle input perturbations (e.g., misspellings, homophone substitutions) has become a significant issue for their practical deployment, often leading to unstable outputs. Notably, precisely on those tasks where text models perform poorly or are susceptible to perturbations, visual or audio models often demonstrate stronger native capabilities (e.g., the robustness of visual models to misspelling perturbations, the robustness of audio models to homophone perturbations). This performance gap across modalities reveals potential opportunities for synergy.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Other
Query: Now lets generate: Chapter Two: Literature Review
2.2 Socioeconomic factors affecting utilization of family planning among women of child bearing age . Lets generate 07 well researched paragraphs. Include author name, year and country in each paragraph. Show the actual Socioeconomic factors that were obtained in each study. Authors ranging from 2017 - 2024, insert author name and year in the body, not numbers and then generate a list of references in APA format, 7th edition. Please write like a human text, not AI. Do not include recommendations or summeries at the end of the paragraphs. Be straight to the point. Let the data be verifiable from google. 
Subject: medicine
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Ceramics are materials made from naturally occurring raw materials such as clay, which are shaped and then fired at high temperatures to create products that are hard, durable, and often waterproof. They have been used for thousands of years for various purposes, including pottery, construction, and electronics. Ceramics can range from common items like dishes and tiles to advanced materials used in aerospace and medical applications. Their properties include high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and electrical insulation, making them versatile in many industries.
Subject: engineering
Intent: Other
Query: Discuss the process by which the human papillomavirus (HPV) gains entry into host cells. Include a detailed analysis of the specific receptors involved (e.g., heparan sulfate proteoglycans, α6 integrins, or growth factor receptors), the structural changes in the viral capsid upon receptor binding, and the subsequent mode of cellular entry (e.g., clathrin-mediated endocytosis, caveolar uptake, or alternative pathways). How do these interactions facilitate viral uncoating and trafficking to the nucleus?
Subject: biology
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: In 1990, Professor Pawliszyn from the University of Waterloo in Canada first proposed the Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) technology. This technology integrates sampling, extraction and concentration into one process, and does not require the use of organic solvents. It is simple and quick to operate [7]. In subsequent studies, the Pawliszyn team continuously improved the theoretical framework and application methods of SPME, promoting its wide application in various fields such as environment, food, and medicine. In 2008, Pawliszyn et al. developed the SPME cold extraction technique, which expanded its application in the analysis of thermally sensitive compounds; in 2012, the team further developed the biocompatible SPME technology, pioneering its application in biological samples [8]. Currently, SPME has evolved into various forms, including headspace SPME, direct immersion SPME, stirring rod adsorption extraction (SBSE), and film SPME, significantly expanding its application scope. Schuster et al. [9] reviewed that SPME has become one of the mainstream technologies in environmental sample analysis and has significant advantages in water quality monitoring.

This paragraph might have some inaccurate information. Could you rewrite it for me? And could you provide some references?
Subject: chemistry
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: In the data preprocessing section, after quality control, a two-stage method was used to annotate cells. Initially, copy number variations were inferred from gene expression profiles to distinguish malignant from non-malignant cells. scBERT was chosen for the annotation of non-malignant cells. Considering tissue heterogeneity, we collected and organized open-source annotation datasets from 13 types of tissues for model fine-tuning. The fine-tuned model was used for cell annotation in specific tissues, identifying a total of 96 cell types. paraphrase this paragraph

Subject: biology
Intent: Other
Query: help me write an introduction of a paper, its abstract is:
\begin{abstract}
We present \benchmark, an evaluation suite that scales multimodal evaluation to over 500 real-world tasks, to address the highly heterogeneous daily use cases of end users.
Our objective is to optimize for a set of high-quality data samples that cover a highly diverse and rich set of multimodal tasks, while enabling cost-effective and accurate model evaluation.
In particular, we collected 505 realistic tasks encompassing over 8,000 samples from 16 expert annotators to extensively cover the multimodal task space. Instead of unifying these problems into standard multi-choice questions (like MMMU, MMBench, and MMT-Bench), we embrace a wide range of output formats like numbers, phrases, code, \LaTeX, coordinates, JSON, free-form, etc. To accommodate these formats, we developed over 40 metrics to evaluate these tasks. 
Unlike existing benchmarks, \benchmark offers a fine-grained capability report across multiple dimensions (e.g., application, input type, output format, skill), allowing users to interact with and visualize model capabilities in depth. We evaluate a wide variety of frontier vision-language models on \benchmark to understand their capabilities across these dimensions. 
\end{abstract}
Subject: computer science
Intent: Other
Query: make this stronger: Smishing, or SMS phishing, is an increasingly prevalent threat that exploits users' trust in mobile communications. Despite the widespread use of smartphones, many individuals struggle not only to accurately distinguish between legitimate and fraudulent messages, but they also often fall for fraudulent ones. A study by Faklaris et al. highlights that users exhibit a strong bias toward perceiving legitimate messages as fraudulent due to the ambiguous nature of message content, which leads to overcautious behavior (cite). Another study further reveals that users' inability to correctly interpret cues contributes significantly to their confusion and susceptibility to smishing attacks (cite). This growing challenge highlights the need for effective user interface solutions to help users make informed decisions about incoming messages.

Subject: computer science
Intent: Paper Understanding
Query: Effective disaster management hinges on accurate planning and timely decision-making to minimize the impact of natural catastrophes. Historically, Large Language Models (LLMs) lacked the capability to perform complex planning and reasoning tasks required for such scenarios. With recent advancements, LLMs now possess enhanced reasoning abilities that can be leveraged for disaster preparedness and response. This study investigates the application of an advanced LLM in planning and reasoning for flood disaster management, using the 2019 Nebraska floods as a case study. By integrating real-time data sources—including meteorological forecasts, hydrological models, satellite imagery, and ground reports—the LLM synthesizes multidisciplinary information to predict flood progression and propose actionable mitigation strategies. The results demonstrate that the LLM provides comprehensive and accurate planning insights, enabling more effective early warnings and resource allocation compared to traditional expert-driven approaches. This research underscores the potential of LLMs to augment disaster management practices by offering holistic analysis and facilitating informed decision-making in critical situations.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Other
Query: Refocus this paragraph to talk about visual trust indicators - where are they currently used, what research has been done already, and what is the gap: This study aims to empower mobile users by improving their ability to identify legitimate, spam, and fraudulent messages. To address this, we propose an in-app trust indicator that quickly assesses message credibility, reducing smishing risks. Our focus is on interface improvements that help users recognize fraudulent messages while avoiding unnecessary flagging of legitimate ones
Subject: computer science
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: What is the age of the formation of a series of NE-SW oriented structural trends  such as Kuril islands (Etorofu and Kunashiri islands) and Shiretoko-Akan  uplift zone which are arranged  in en echelon pattern? How such  NE-SW oriented structural trends in en echelon pattern were created in terms of regional tectonic process and stress field?  Is it related to right lateral (dextral) strike-slip movement of fore-arc sliver of Kuril island arc during late Neogene?
Subject: earth sciences
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: ..hello..!..please help me review and summarize this article.."Vignoli, J. A., D. G. Bassoli, and M. de T. Benassi. "Antioxidant activity, polyphenols, caffeine and melanoidins in soluble coffee: The influence of processing conditions and raw material." Food chemistry 124, no. 3 (2011): 863-868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.07.008"
Subject: food science
Intent: Paper Understanding
Query: Find similar work to the following:

Current approaches like entropy or ensemble variance provide only aggregate measures of uncertainty, which don't offer insight into specific areas of model uncertainty. By recursively decomposing a model's uncertainty into increasingly fine-grained components, we can develop a more detailed and actionable understanding of where and why a model is uncertain. This hierarchical approach is inspired by human metacognition, where we can often pinpoint the specific aspects of a problem that confuse us. Recursive Uncertainty Decomposition (RUD) aims to mimic this process, potentially leading to more interpretable and reliable AI systems.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: The paper says "This result indicates that the atmospheric coherence length is likely larger than, or on the order of, the optical
 aperture size (44 mm), since each PLM output appears to be observing similar atmospheric scintillation. Were
 the atmospheric coherence length smaller than the optical aperture size, the PLM outputs would likely appear
 more independent since optical power would not be uniform across the spatial modes of the PLM." Is the coherence length is right? Not correlation width?
Subject: physics
Intent: Paper Understanding
Query: Please give references used: Hyper-heuristics (HH) have emerged as a promising approach to algorithm design automation by abstracting the processes of heuristic selection and combination. These methods typically operate either by selecting effective heuristics from predefined sets \cite{ burke2003hyper} or by constructing new heuristics through the combination of simpler components \cite{poli2008field,koza1992genetic}. This abstraction enables HH to address a wide range of optimization problems, offering greater generality compared to problem-specific approaches \cite{talbi2009metaheuristics,glover2003handbook} . However, their reliance on predefined heuristic spaces—typically handcrafted by domain experts—represents a fundamental limitation that constrains their ability to explore innovative algorithmic structures or paradigms.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Metadata
Query: I am a researcher looking to conduct a review of literature on bioelectrocatalysis in which a combination of enzymes and carbon nanomaterials are employed for applications in green chemistry and green energy. I would like to generate a table. Each row represents a different article (please ensure they are real). For each article, use columns to delineate what is the enzyme being used in the study, what carbon nanomaterial is employed, the raw chemical inputs, the product outputs, and key figures of merit (e.g. production rate, current density, etc). If there are articles that talk about enzyme-mimicking or enzyme-like nanomaterials, please ignore these. Only papers that involve an enzyme and a carbon nanomaterial, used to perform an electrocatalytic reaction, need to be used. Please ignore any review articles. Please report back with at least 50 articles, include a column with a doi link and export the table into a spreadsheet formt
Subject: chemistry
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Various previous studies have explored text classification methods using Large Language Model (LLM)-based
models such as BERT, RoBERTa, and other variants, which
are known to have high classification performance in NLP tasks. Large Language Models
(LLMs), such as BERT, RoBERTa, and other variants, have revolutionized the field of natural
language processing (NLP) by demonstrating good capabilities in tasks such as text
classification, sentiment analysis, and question answering (Karim et al., 2024). However, one of the main
limitations of these models is their high computational requirements, both in terms of
training time and memory (Hasan, 2024). High computation refers to large
GPU requirements, slow inference time, and high energy consumption, which can be
a significant barrier to wide adoption in resource-constrained
environments (Ding et al., 2023).
Subject: computer science
Intent: Other
Query: I'm writing a Research Grant Application on Combining Small Language Models and Decentralized Federated Learning support for Differential Diagnosis of Vertebral Compression Fractures Caused by Primary Osteoporosis and Multiple Myeloma. This Research Grant Application aims to develop a novel approach by combining small language models and decentralized federated learning to improve the differential diagnosis of VCFs caused by PO and MM. This approach addresses the limitations of traditional diagnostic methods and offers a more accurate, patient-centered, and cost-effective solution. Please rephrase several research AIMS  for clarity, coherence and conciseness, ensuring each paragraph flows into the next. Remove jargon. Use a professional tone.
Subject: medicine
Intent: Ideation
Query: Abstract:
The experience of Indian students in UK universities presents a unique intersection of cultural adaptation, identity formation, and the creation of a "home" away from home. With an increasing number of Indian students pursuing higher education in the UK, they often face challenges related to academic pressures, social integration, and the balancing of cultural identities. This paper explores how Indian students navigate these challenges while maintaining connections to their cultural heritage. Drawing on qualitative research from selected universities, the study examines the role of peer networks, academic support systems, and community-building activities in fostering a sense of belonging. It also highlights the impact of globalization on Indian students’ identities, as they engage in transnational experiences that reshape their notions of home, belonging, and social integration. The paper argues that these students not only experience migration in terms of physical relocation but also in their continuous negotiation between traditional values and the demands of a globalized educational environment. Indian students are thus active participants in the creation of their sense of home, where cultural translation occurs through the blending of their heritage with the pressures of academic and social life in the UK.
Primary Questions Addressed:

How do Indian students in UK universities balance their cultural heritage with the pressures of academic and social integration?
What role do peer networks and community-building activities play in fostering a sense of belonging and home for Indian students?
How do Indian students negotiate their identity in the context of globalization and transnational experiences, and how does this shape their sense of home?
**
Subject: education
Intent: Other
Query: pharmacological activities of Myricitin Other Therapeutic Potentials 
o	Anti-diabetic Activity and Metabolic Effects   
o	Cardiovascular Effects: Hypolipidemic and Anti-aggregatory Activity   
o	Anti-obesity Effects   
o	Additional Activities: Anti-diarrheal, Anti-ulcer, etc.   
write subheading literature review for this topic 
Subject: medicine
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: "Identify the single most effective HIIT protocol for cognitive enhancement, with detailed analysis of:

Exercise Selection and Protocol Design:


Most effective exercise type (sprinting, cycling, bodyweight, etc.)
Optimal work interval duration
Ideal rest interval duration
Total session length
Intra-set rest vs continuous approach
Heart rate targets during work/rest periods
Progressive overload strategies


Scientific Validation:


BDNF production measurement
Cognitive function improvement metrics
Neuroplasticity markers
Executive function enhancement
Memory performance changes
Recovery indicators


Timing Parameters:


Best time of day
Frequency per week
Minimum effective dose
Maximum beneficial dose
Rest days between sessions
Adaptation timeline


Implementation Details:


Step-by-step protocol
Equipment requirements
Intensity markers
Form requirements
Safety considerations
Progression guidelines


Measurable Outcomes:


Short-term cognitive benefits
Long-term brain health impacts
Performance metrics
Recovery requirements
Sustainability factors"
Subject: sports science
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Replication (receptors, modes of entry, genome replication, mode of exit).
Virus entry: discuss how the virus enters host cells, including the receptors to which it binds.
Replication process: Explain the steps involved in the virus replication cycle, from entry to genome replication.
Exit mechanisms: Describe how the virus exits the host cell to infect new cells. Include any relevant terminology.
Subject: biology
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Study the causal relationship between different data exposures (e.g., amount of training data, diversity, sequence of data presentation) and a model's ability to generalize. This research could involve applying causal inference techniques (e.g., do-calculus) to model how different data interventions (e.g., introducing data in stages, altering training sets) affect model performance over time. Above is a research idea, does it being well investigated before?
Subject: computer science
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: How is Product Returns Management influenced by "Supplier
Collaboration", "Challenges in Implementing Effective Returns Management", and the
"Impact of Organizational Policies and Procedures" and in that how does Supplier Collaboration acts as a mediator that can mitigate challenges and align organizational policies with returns
objectives. How can Strategic Approaches to Enhance Collaboration serve as interventions
designed to strengthen supplier collaboration and improve returns management" in the context of retail grocery stores. 
Subject: business
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Your task is to brainstorm and identify academic articles, studies, and reviews that are relevant to the following research question:

How can operando Focused Ion Beam–Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM) be utilized to investigate the microstructural evolution and mechanical behaviors of iron- and manganese-based Prussian blue analog (PBA) cathodes in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) when combined with electrode additives like Ketjen black, ZnO, and polyaniline? Specifically, how can innovative operando techniques applied during electrochemical cycling provide novel insights into the chemo-mechanical processes driving cathode degradation—focusing on degradation dynamics and decohesion at the PBA-additive interface? Additionally, how can methodologies previously applied in lithium-ion batteries be extended to PBA-based SIBs to overcome the limitations of ex situ analyses and contribute to the development of more stable and efficient sodium-ion battery cathodes?

Please focus on finding literature that addresses the following key areas:

Operando FIB-SEM Techniques in Battery Research: Articles that discuss the application of operando FIB-SEM for real-time analysis of battery materials during cycling.

Microstructural Evolution of PBA Cathodes in SIBs: Studies exploring how the microstructure of iron- and manganese-based PBA cathodes changes during operation.

Effects of Electrode Additives: Research on how Ketjen black, ZnO, and polyaniline influence the performance, degradation, and interface dynamics of PBA cathodes.

Chemo-Mechanical Degradation Processes: Insights into the mechanisms leading to cathode degradation, including mechanical fracturing and loss of conductivity.

Methodologies from Lithium-Ion to Sodium-Ion Batteries: Papers that demonstrate the transfer of analytical techniques and findings from LIBs to SIBs, particularly concerning operando analyses and microstructural investigations.

Your goal is to compile a list of relevant and recent publications that can provide a foundation for understanding and answering the research question, facilitating further research and development in this area.
Subject: engineering
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: How to address the sign ambiguity problem in Principal Component Analysis (PCA) when applied to evolving or temporally dynamic data, particularly in scenarios involving normalized latent variables or iterative dimensionality reduction? I am looking for methods ensuring temporal stability of principal component directions, solutions to sign flipping issues in PCA for streaming or online learning settings, and robust techniques to maintain numerical consistency across iterations, especially in the context of machine learning and layer-normalized data.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Effective knowledge management requires bidirectional interaction, allowing users to not only consume but also contribute to and refine knowledge structures . This bidirectional approach supports a more natural cognitive process where users can externalize their understanding, receive feedback, and continuously refine their mental models . Such systems need to balance automated assistance with user control, providing suggestions while allowing users to tailor the knowledge representation to their specific needs and understanding.

The lack of support for bidirectional knowledge updates represents a significant limitation in the existing literature on knowledge management systems. While users can often add or edit content, few systems provide intelligent support for restructuring, reorganizing, or adapting to evolving understanding. This gap is particularly notable as information complexity increases, requiring more flexible and adaptive approaches to knowledge organization.

Can you add citations after each sentence?
Subject: computer science
Intent: Paper Understanding
Query: Utilizing the identified MPs, malignant cell subsets are annotated, delineating cellular heterogeneity within tumors and constructing a comprehensive cell-cell communication (CCC) network among malignant cells. By comparing CCC results across different drug efficacy groups, we identified subpopulations mediating the most frequent signaling in various tumor cell states, suggesting their critical roles in aberrant tumor activation and progression. For each drug-related sample, malignant cells were aggregated, and cell subpopulations were annotated through metaprograms. Drug efficacy groupings were incorporated into cell annotations to account for heterogeneity information. As depicted in Figure 2, significant differences between cells were distinguished by "effective" and "ineffective" classifications within the sample groups. 

paraphrase this paragraph

Subject: medicine
Intent: Paper Understanding
Query: Please find research papers that follow this specific structure:

1. First section focuses on interpreting or understanding internal model representations (similar to "Extracting Knowledge from VLMs" using logit lens)
2. Second section applies these interpretability insights to create a practical improvement or intervention (similar to "Erasing Knowledge from VLMs" with the ProjectAway algorithm)
3. Papers should demonstrate a clear progression from discovery about the model's internal functioning to a concrete application that shows measurable improvements on benchmarks

The papers can focus on any type of model (not just VLMs), but should specifically follow this format of:
- Discovery/interpretation of model internals 
- Practical application of those insights
- Demonstration of real improvements

Examples might include papers that:
- Interpret neuron or attention patterns then modify them to improve performance
- Analyze representation spaces then develop editing methods based on those spaces
- Study feature attribution then create targeted interventions to fix model behaviors

Please include papers from different domains (language models, vision models, multimodal models, etc.) that follow this interpretability→application structure.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: Fin papers to support most of the statments in the next paragraph "Scenarios are essential to explore and evaluate potential future trajectories for the European livestock sector. These scenarios are developed as comprehensive models that build upon the conceptual storylines, integrating quantitative and qualitative assessments to capture trade-offs and synergies across environmental, economic, and social dimensions. By focusing on diverse trajectories—from efficiency-driven systems to those emphasising biodiversity or animal welfare—the scenarios enable stakeholders to understand the implications of specific policy choices, technological innovations, and market dynamics. This approach identifies robust transition pathways, minimises trade-offs while maximising synergies, and provides actionable insights to guide the livestock sector toward sustainability. Using scenarios thus facilitates evidence-based decision-making, supporting policymakers, businesses, and farmers in addressing complex challenges while achieving long-term sustainability goals."
Subject: agriculture
Intent: Paper Finding
Query: Healthcare administrators in the United States face significant challenges
in implementing value-based care (VBC) models within their organizations. There is a
problem in the healthcare sector, specifically concerning the transition from traditional fee-
for-service (FFS) models to VBC models. Currently, many healthcare organizations are
struggling to shift their operational frameworks from volume-based to quality-focused care,
encountering obstacles such as inadequate resource allocation, resistance to organizational
change, and complex policy compliance requirements. This problem affects a broad population,
including healthcare organizations like hospitals, clinics, and long-term care facilities, as well
as their staff, patients, and the overall healthcare workforce. Create literature map
Subject: medicine
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: My research paprer is a Constructivist Grounded Approach to Study the Ethical Implications of AI Use in Human Resources Management . Here below are the research questions and research objective :

1.What are the primary ethical concerns associated with AI use in Human Resource Management, and how can a conceptual framework address these concerns? 
2. How do algorithmic biases manifest in AI-driven HRM processes, and what strategies can mitigate them? 
3. What are the implications of AI-driven data collection on employee privacy, and how can organizations balance AI benefits with data protection? 
4. How can transparency and explainability be incorporated into AI-driven HRM systems to enhance trust and accountability? 
5. What governance structures are necessary to ensure accountability when using AI in HRM? 
6. How can ethical considerations be integrated into the deployment of AI systems in HRM? 
7. What are the broader implications of ethical AI practices in HRM for organizational culture and employee well-being?


Research Objectives:
Objective 1: Identify and analyze key ethical issues associated with AI in HRM. 
Objective 2: Develop a comprehensive ethical framework integrating legal and ethical considerations. 
Objective 3: Provide practical guidelines for ethical AI deployment in HRM. 
Objective 4: Contribute to academic knowledge and inform policy development on ethical AI use in HRM.

Baed on prior work, even general and not specific to HR, anlyse the research proposal and suggest further improvement .
Subject: business
Intent: Ideation
Query: I want to train a GAN for image segmentation. The segments are only partially labeled, i.e. maybe 3-4 objects per image are segmented, many are not. So I need to use masked losses. However with GANs there are typically perceptual losses using egg VGG models. Those can not use elementwise losses. 
What are some approaches in the literature for this? are there  masked perceptual losses? Or should I maybe not use them?
Subject: computer science
Intent: Literature Understanding
Query: Neural Networks are computational models composed of layers of interconnected nodes, or "neurons," that transform input data through learned weights and non-linear activation functions. They are particularly effective for tasks involving high-dimensional, unstructured, or complex data distributions due to their capacity to approximate arbitrary functions.  Advanced mechanisms such as attention and residual connections improve learning efficiency and model expressiveness, enabling state-of-the-art performance across domains including natural language processing, computer vision, and biomedical prediction.
Subject: computer science
Intent: Other
Query: Lettuce is a high-value commercial crop that has significant economic importance globally. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), lettuce production reached 27 million tons in 2022 (Falcioni et al. 2023). Lettuce is a popular and economically significant vegetable consumed worldwide, with various varieties being cultivated in different regions.  Lettuce is a fast-growing crop that can be harvested in as little as 45 to 90 days after transplanting (Concepcion et al. 2020). This short growing season makes it an attractive crop for commercial production, especially in plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs) (Kim et al. 2024). rephrase to not be detectable ai
Subject: social sciences
Intent: Other