few_shots: Example 1:
Problem/activity:
Find the general solution for:
$${\mathrm{cos}\left({\pi\over2}+x\right)=\mathrm{tan}{\pi\over4}}$$


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Prove and apply trigonometric identities.
B. Model periodic phenomena with trigonometric functions.
C. Interpret functions that arise in applications in terms of the context.
D. Build a function that models a relationship between two quantities.
E. Define, evaluate, and compare functions.
F. Use functions to model relationships between quantities.
G. Understand the concept of a function and use function notation.
H. Analyze functions using different representations.
I. Extend the domain of trigonometric functions using the unit circle.
J. Interpret expressions for functions in terms of the situation they model.
K. Build new functions from existing functions.
L. Construct and compare linear and exponential models and solve problems.


Your response:
{
  "explanation": "This problem applies trigonometric identities, including the angle addition formula for cosine.",
  "answer": "A"
}

Example 2:
Problem/activity:
Task
Solve the quadratic equation
$$ x^2 = (2x - 9)^2 $$
using as many different methods as possible.


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions.
B. Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems.
C. Understand solving equations as a process of reasoning and explain the reasoning.
D. Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems.
E. Generate and analyze patterns.
F. Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.
G. Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions.
H. Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations.
I. Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables.
J. Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division.
K. Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication.
L. Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division.
M. Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic.
N. Work with radicals and integer exponents.
O. Interpret the structure of expressions.
P. Solve equations and inequalities in one variable.
Q. Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.
R. Multiply and divide within 100.
S. Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.
T. Use polynomial identities to solve problems.
U. Represent and solve equations and inequalities graphically.
V. Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations.
W. Reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities.
X. Rewrite rational expressions.
Y. Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.
Z. Perform arithmetic operations on polynomials.
AA. Create equations that describe numbers or relationships
AB. Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations.
AC. Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.
AD. Write and interpret numerical expressions.
AE. Add and subtract within 20.
AF. Work with addition and subtraction equations.
AG. Solve systems of equations.
AH. Analyze patterns and relationships.


Your response:
{
  "explanation": "This task asks students to solve an equation in one variable. Since the problem asks for many different solution methods, students are also encouraged to solve the problem graphically.",
  "answer": "P, U"
}

Example 3:
Problem/activity:
Task
Suppose $A$ is an angle with vertex $P$, as pictured below:
[IMG]
Draw a circle with center $P$ and with  radius $r \gt 0$.  Explain why the circle
meets each ray of angle $A$ in a single point.  Label these points $Q$ and $R$ respectively.
Draw circles with centers $Q$ and $R$ respectively and radius $r$.  These circles meet at $P$ and a second point to be labelled $B$.
Show that ray $\overrightarrow{PB}$  bisects angle $P$.


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Apply trigonometry to general triangles.
B. Understand similarity in terms of similarity transformations.
C. Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes.
D. Prove geometric theorems.
E. Make geometric constructions.
F. Graph points on the coordinate plane to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
G. Understand congruence and similarity using physical models, transparencies, or geometry software.
H. Understand congruence in terms of rigid motions.
I. Draw, construct, and describe geometrical figures and describe the relationships between them.
J. Translate between the geometric description and the equation for a conic section.
K. Reason with shapes and their attributes.
L. Prove theorems involving similarity.
M. Explain volume formulas and use them to solve problems.
N. Find arc lengths and areas of sectors of circles.
O. Define trigonometric ratios and solve problems involving right triangles.
P. Use coordinates to prove simple geometric theorems algebraically.
Q. Visualize relationships between two-dimensional and three-dimensional objects.
R. Solve real-life and mathematical problems involving angle measure, area, surface area, and volume.
S. Understand and apply theorems about circles.
T. Identify and describe shapes (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres).
U. Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving volume of cylinders, cones, and spheres.
V. Classify two-dimensional figures into categories based on their properties.
W. Apply geometric concepts in modeling situations.
X. Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area, surface area, and volume.
Y. Experiment with transformations in the plane.
Z. Understand and apply the Pythagorean Theorem.
AA. Draw and identify lines and angles, and classify shapes by properties of their lines and angles.


Your response:
{
  "explanation": "This task asks students to make geometric constructions, such as bisecting an angle.",
  "answer": "E"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant mathematical concepts/skills it teaches.
shot_info: fl_problem_001894

HS_0

im_task_000870

HS_1

im_task_001160

HS_2
options: Use the rules of probability to compute probabilities of compound events in a uniform probability model.

Summarize and describe distributions.

Investigate patterns of association in bivariate data.

Calculate expected values and use them to solve problems.

Understand independence and conditional probability and use them to interpret data.

Investigate chance processes and develop, use, and evaluate probability models.

Draw informal comparative inferences about two populations.

Summarize, represent, and interpret data on a single count or measurement variable.

Summarize, represent, and interpret data on two categorical and quantitative variables.

Use probability to evaluate outcomes of decisions.

Understand and evaluate random processes underlying statistical experiments.

Interpret linear models.

Develop understanding of statistical variability.

Use random sampling to draw inferences about a population.

Make inferences and justify conclusions from sample surveys, experiments, and observational studies.
problem_activity: In Class Launch
Use after Unit 1, Lesson 15
Ask students to think about a question they are interested in that they would need to gather data in order to answer. They will choose one of these questions, find data relevant to it, and present their results with a data display or an infographic. Either show students examples of infographics or ask them to look up a few examples.
Students can be arranged in groups in advance, or they can choose groups based on the questions they are most interested in.
Teacher Instructions
Students may not be able to find the information they need to answer the question they were originally interested in. They can refine and change their question to align with the data available.
If students are not sure where to begin, it might be helpful for them to think about questions that compare two groups, since they have been doing a lot of work with comparing data sets using measures of center and variability, and this is the kind of data analysis they will be expected to do.
Student-Facing Statement
Choose a question that you think is interesting and that you do not know the answer to. You will gather data relevant to this question by either doing an experiment or researching available data, so choose a reasonable question.
Write your question.
What do you predict you will learn from the data?
Next, gather your data. Then choose one of these options for displaying your data and answer the questions about it.
Option 1: Create a display that shows the distribution of the data. Include both measures of center and measures of variability.
Why is the data display you selected the best way to summarize your data?
Is any of the data surprising?
Are there any outliers? If so, tell their story. If not, why do you think not?
Describe the shape of the distribution.
Option 2: Use an infographic to summarize what you found.
Why is an infographic the best way to summarize your data?
Is any of the data surprising?
What story does your infographic tell?
Now that you have seen some data, is there another, related question you would like to study or some additional data you would like to collect?
Teacher Instructions
Give students a source of data and let them explore it for a few minutes and share observations in pairs or groups before they begin working on the task statement. This task can be further scaffolded by giving students data that is easier to work with.
If students are not sure where to begin, it might be helpful for them to think about questions that compare two groups, since they have been doing a lot of work with comparing data sets using measures of center and variability, and this is the kind of data analysis they will be expected to do.
Student-Facing Statement
What are some questions that you might be able to answer with the given data?
Choose one of your questions to try to answer. What do you predict the data will tell you?
Look for data that’s relevant to your question. You might have to change your question a little if you can’t find the data you need to answer the original question. When you have an answer, choose a way of displaying the data that will help other people understand what you learned.
Option 1: Create a display that shows the distribution of the data. Include both measures of center and measures of variability.
Why is the data display you selected the best way to summarize your data?
Is any of the data surprising?
Are there any outliers? If so, tell their story. If not, why do you think not?
Describe the shape of the distribution.
Option 2: Use an infographic to summarize what you found.
Why is an infographic the best way to summarize your data?
Is any of the data surprising?
What story does your infographic tell?
Now that you have seen some data, is there another, related question you would like to study or some additional data you would like to collect?


correct_option_index: 7