few_shots: Example 1:
Problem/activity:
Find the general solution for:
$${\mathrm{cos}\left({\pi\over2}+x\right)=\mathrm{tan}{\pi\over4}}$$


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Prove and apply trigonometric identities.
B. Model periodic phenomena with trigonometric functions.
C. Interpret functions that arise in applications in terms of the context.
D. Build a function that models a relationship between two quantities.
E. Define, evaluate, and compare functions.
F. Use functions to model relationships between quantities.
G. Understand the concept of a function and use function notation.
H. Analyze functions using different representations.
I. Extend the domain of trigonometric functions using the unit circle.
J. Interpret expressions for functions in terms of the situation they model.
K. Build new functions from existing functions.
L. Construct and compare linear and exponential models and solve problems.


Your response:
{
  "explanation": "This problem applies trigonometric identities, including the angle addition formula for cosine.",
  "answer": "A"
}

Example 2:
Problem/activity:
Task
Solve the quadratic equation
$$ x^2 = (2x - 9)^2 $$
using as many different methods as possible.


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions.
B. Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems.
C. Understand solving equations as a process of reasoning and explain the reasoning.
D. Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems.
E. Generate and analyze patterns.
F. Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.
G. Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions.
H. Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations.
I. Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables.
J. Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division.
K. Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication.
L. Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division.
M. Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic.
N. Work with radicals and integer exponents.
O. Interpret the structure of expressions.
P. Solve equations and inequalities in one variable.
Q. Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.
R. Multiply and divide within 100.
S. Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.
T. Use polynomial identities to solve problems.
U. Represent and solve equations and inequalities graphically.
V. Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations.
W. Reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities.
X. Rewrite rational expressions.
Y. Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.
Z. Perform arithmetic operations on polynomials.
AA. Create equations that describe numbers or relationships
AB. Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations.
AC. Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.
AD. Write and interpret numerical expressions.
AE. Add and subtract within 20.
AF. Work with addition and subtraction equations.
AG. Solve systems of equations.
AH. Analyze patterns and relationships.


Your response:
{
  "explanation": "This task asks students to solve an equation in one variable. Since the problem asks for many different solution methods, students are also encouraged to solve the problem graphically.",
  "answer": "P, U"
}

Example 3:
Problem/activity:
Task
Suppose $A$ is an angle with vertex $P$, as pictured below:
[IMG]
Draw a circle with center $P$ and with  radius $r \gt 0$.  Explain why the circle
meets each ray of angle $A$ in a single point.  Label these points $Q$ and $R$ respectively.
Draw circles with centers $Q$ and $R$ respectively and radius $r$.  These circles meet at $P$ and a second point to be labelled $B$.
Show that ray $\overrightarrow{PB}$  bisects angle $P$.


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Apply trigonometry to general triangles.
B. Understand similarity in terms of similarity transformations.
C. Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes.
D. Prove geometric theorems.
E. Make geometric constructions.
F. Graph points on the coordinate plane to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
G. Understand congruence and similarity using physical models, transparencies, or geometry software.
H. Understand congruence in terms of rigid motions.
I. Draw, construct, and describe geometrical figures and describe the relationships between them.
J. Translate between the geometric description and the equation for a conic section.
K. Reason with shapes and their attributes.
L. Prove theorems involving similarity.
M. Explain volume formulas and use them to solve problems.
N. Find arc lengths and areas of sectors of circles.
O. Define trigonometric ratios and solve problems involving right triangles.
P. Use coordinates to prove simple geometric theorems algebraically.
Q. Visualize relationships between two-dimensional and three-dimensional objects.
R. Solve real-life and mathematical problems involving angle measure, area, surface area, and volume.
S. Understand and apply theorems about circles.
T. Identify and describe shapes (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres).
U. Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving volume of cylinders, cones, and spheres.
V. Classify two-dimensional figures into categories based on their properties.
W. Apply geometric concepts in modeling situations.
X. Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area, surface area, and volume.
Y. Experiment with transformations in the plane.
Z. Understand and apply the Pythagorean Theorem.
AA. Draw and identify lines and angles, and classify shapes by properties of their lines and angles.


Your response:
{
  "explanation": "This task asks students to make geometric constructions, such as bisecting an angle.",
  "answer": "E"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant mathematical concepts/skills it teaches.
shot_info: fl_problem_001894

HS_0

im_task_000870

HS_1

im_task_001160

HS_2
options: Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.

Generate and analyze patterns.

Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations.

Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations.

Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division.

Use polynomial identities to solve problems.

Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.

Represent and solve equations and inequalities graphically.

Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations.

Perform arithmetic operations on polynomials.

Apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions.

Work with radicals and integer exponents.

Work with addition and subtraction equations.

Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems.

Solve systems of equations.

Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

Create equations that describe numbers or relationships

Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables.

Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems.

Add and subtract within 20.

Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.

Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions.

Reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities.

Analyze patterns and relationships.

Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic.

Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division.

Multiply and divide within 100.

Understand solving equations as a process of reasoning and explain the reasoning.

Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication.

Write and interpret numerical expressions.

Interpret the structure of expressions.

Solve equations and inequalities in one variable.

Rewrite rational expressions.
problem_activity: Narrative
In this activity, students solve addition problems using money based on the Pattern Block Puzzles they sketched in the last activity.
The launch of the activity is an opportunity for students to reason which of the two designs will cost more before they complete any computations.
MLR7 Compare and Connect.
Synthesis: After all strategies have been presented, lead a discussion comparing, contrasting, and connecting the different approaches. Ask, “Did anyone solve the problem the same way, but would explain it differently?”, “What did the representations have in common?”, “How were they different?”
Advances: Representing, Conversing
Launch
Groups of 2
“At the Pattern Block Store, each pattern block shape has a different price.”
Display the price list.
“Which of the two puzzles that you sketched do you think will cost more to make? Puzzle 1 or 2?”
30 seconds: quiet think time
1 minute: partner discussion
Share responses.
Activity
“Use the price list to figure out how much your two puzzles would cost.”
5 minutes: independent work time
5 minutes: partner discussion
As students work, look for different addition strategies. Monitor for students who:
add like quantities first
add bigger or smaller coins first
add some coins mentally
Student Facing
{"table": [{"_attributes": {"border": "1"}, "thead": [{"tr": [{"th": [{"_attributes": {"scope": "col"}, "_value": "shape"}, {"_attributes": {"scope": "col"}, "_value": "cost"}]}]}], "tbody": [{"tr": [{"td": [{"figure": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["embedded-content", "embedded-content-tikz-file", "embedded-content-image"], "data-embedder-target": "web", "data-record-id": "150143", "data-record-model": "TikzFile"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["c-figure__label"]}}], "img": [{"_attributes": {"alt": "Pattern block. Hexagon.", "role": "image", "src": "https://cms-im.s3.amazonaws.com/cv5e6biplridvvjo2ed3aj5h1l0e?response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3D%22tikz-file-150143.svg%22%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27tikz-file-150143.svg&response-content-type=image%2Fsvg%2Bxml&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAXQCCIHWF3XOEFOW4%2F20240208%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240208T164143Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=0347509318fc91e6302bb64febc22d05e7fffde820a42d8a1c974d802d04e917"}}], "figcaption": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["c-figcaption"]}}]}]}, {"figure": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["embedded-content", "embedded-content-image-file", "embedded-content-image"], "data-embedder-target": "web", "data-record-id": "37582", "data-record-model": "ImageFile"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["c-figure__label"]}}], "img": [{"_attributes": {"alt": "Coin. A quarter.", "class": ["h-max-height--5-lines"], "role": "image", "src": "https://cms-im.s3.amazonaws.com/mbgbaf4nkk0vsawoqjlubrf00b4z?response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3D%22quarter-back.png%22%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27quarter-back.png&response-content-type=image%2Fpng&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAXQCCIHWF3XOEFOW4%2F20240208%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240208T164143Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=5ac6aff10bd46b5365f46ffeab054cd6ff7d700dfc9c660e3d011fd4c9676951"}}], "figcaption": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["c-figcaption"]}}]}]}]}, {"td": [{"figure": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["embedded-content", "embedded-content-tikz-file", "embedded-content-image"], "data-embedder-target": "web", "data-record-id": "150144", "data-record-model": "TikzFile"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["c-figure__label"]}}], "img": [{"_attributes": {"alt": "Pattern block. Trapezoid.", "role": "image", "src": "https://cms-im.s3.amazonaws.com/jbxq4b7lr973twd7cju57q0oulmj?response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3D%22tikz-file-150144.svg%22%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27tikz-file-150144.svg&response-content-type=image%2Fsvg%2Bxml&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAXQCCIHWF3XOEFOW4%2F20240208%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240208T164143Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=cc2008c7b66cc9ba4e3feaf6d1cf65f2728db5a857421988d5a8147858504207"}}], "figcaption": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["c-figcaption"]}}]}]}, {"figure": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["embedded-content", "embedded-content-image-file", "embedded-content-image"], "data-embedder-target": "web", "data-record-id": "37583", "data-record-model": "ImageFile"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["c-figure__label"]}}], "img": [{"_attributes": {"alt": "A dime.", "class": ["h-max-height--3-lines"], "role": "image", "src": "https://cms-im.s3.amazonaws.com/cc7y30885x6mfqcvcubex3157eqw?response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3D%22dime-front.png%22%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27dime-front.png&response-content-type=image%2Fpng&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAXQCCIHWF3XOEFOW4%2F20240208%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240208T164143Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=ed89067d01fbdb1013e28bfcff88ddb6c25812308117e2bbcefd3ce44f699d7a"}}], "figcaption": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["c-figcaption"]}}]}]}]}, {"td": [{"figure": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["embedded-content", "embedded-content-tikz-file", "embedded-content-image"], "data-embedder-target": "web", "data-record-id": "150145", "data-record-model": "TikzFile"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["c-figure__label"]}}], "img": [{"_attributes": {"alt": "Pattern block. 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How much would the two puzzles you sketched cost at the Pattern Block Store? Show or explain your reasoning.
Puzzle 1:
Puzzle 2:
Student Response
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Activity Synthesis
Invite previously selected students to share.
“Is it possible to redesign the puzzle to save more money?” (Yes, I can switch a blue rhombus with two triangles.)


correct_option_index: 16