few_shots: Example:
Problem/activity:
Task
Cruz and Erica were both getting ready for soccer.
Cruz ran 1 lap around the school.
Erica ran 3 laps around the playground.
Erica said,
I ran more laps, so I ran farther.
Cruz said,
4 laps around the school is 1 mile, but it takes 12 laps around the playground to go 1 mile. My laps are much longer, so I ran farther.
Who is right? Draw a picture to help you explain your answer.


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Build fractions from unit fractions by applying and extending previous understandings of operations on whole numbers.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.
B. Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and ordering.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.
C. Use equivalent fractions as a strategy to add and subtract fractions.
D. Develop Understanding of fractions as numbers.
Grade 3 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8.
E. Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division to multiply and divide fractions.
F. Understand decimal notation for fractions, and compare decimal fractions.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.


Your response:
{
  "explanation": "In this problem, students learn to recognize equivalent fractions. That is, three laps around the playground is 3/12 mile, which is equivalent to 1/4, which is one lap around the school.",
  "answer": "B"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant mathematical concepts/skills it teaches.
shot_info: im_task_000212

4
options: Geometric measurement: recognize perimeter as an attribute of plane figures and distinguish between linear and area measures.

Measure and estimate lengths in standard units.

Describe and compare measurable attributes.

Tell and write time.

Measure lengths indirectly and by iterating length units.

Convert like measurement units within a given measurement system.

Geometric measurement: understand concepts of angle and measure angles.

Work with time and money.

Relate addition and subtraction to length.

Classify objects and count the number of objects in each category.

Geometric measurement: understand concepts of area and relate area to multiplication and to addition.

Geometric measurement: understand concepts of volume and relate volume to multiplication and to addition.

Represent and interpret data.

Solve problems involving measurement and conversion of measurements from a larger unit to a smaller unit.

Solve problems involving measurement and estimation of intervals of time, liquid volumes, and masses of objects.
problem_activity: Narrative
The purpose of this activity is for students to estimate whole number products in the context of volume. In the next activity students will calculate the smallest and largest volumes within the range recommended for each type of bird. The estimates here may or may not fall within the range, depending on the numbers students pick. When making reasoned estimates, there is always some tension between accuracy and using the most friendly numbers. During the synthesis, students explain the different strategies they use to make reasonable estimates with calculations that they can perform as simply as possible, often mentally (MP3).
Students may need a quick reminder of how to find the volume of a rectangular prism. If needed, remind students that the volume of a rectangular prism is the product of the length, width, and height, or alternatively, the product of the area of a base and the height for that base.
Launch
Display table from task.
“What do you notice and wonder about the table?” (There are different kinds of birds listed. There are side lengths for the floor but the height is a range. What do the numbers mean? Do smaller birds have smaller houses?)
1 minute: quiet think time
Share and record student responses.
If needed, display images of different kinds of birds.
Activity
2 minutes: quiet think time
5 minutes: partner work time
Monitor for students who consider friendly numbers to use for the height and also for estimating the product of the area of the floor and the height.
Student Facing
Different types of birds use different types of houses. The table gives you the recommended side lengths for birdhouses of various species.
{"table": [{"_attributes": {"border": "1"}, "thead": [{"tr": [{"th": [{"_attributes": {"scope": "row"}, "_value": "type of bird"}, {"_attributes": {"scope": "col"}, "_value": "side lengths of floor"}, {"_attributes": {"scope": "col"}, "_value": "height"}, {"_attributes": {"scope": "col"}, "_value": "volume estimate"}]}]}], "tbody": [{"tr": [{"th": [{"_attributes": {"scope": "row"}, "_value": "chickadee"}], "td": [{"_value": "4 in by 4 in"}, {"_value": "6 to 10 in"}, {}]}, {"th": [{"_attributes": {"scope": "row"}, "_value": "wood duck"}], "td": [{"_value": "10 in by 18 in"}, {"_value": "10 to 24 in"}, {}]}, {"th": [{"_attributes": {"scope": "row"}, "_value": "barn owl"}], "td": [{"_value": "10 in by 18 in"}, {"_value": "15 to 18 in"}, {}]}, {"th": [{"_attributes": {"scope": "row"}, "_value": "red-headed woodpecker"}], "td": [{"_value": "6 in by 6 in"}, {"_value": "12 to 15 in"}, {}]}, {"th": [{"_attributes": {"scope": "row"}, "_value": "bluebird"}], "td": [{"_value": "5 in by 5 in"}, {"_value": "6 to 12 in"}, {}]}, {"th": [{"_attributes": {"scope": "row"}, "_value": "swallow"}], "td": [{"_value": "6 in by 6 in"}, {"_value": "6 to 8 in"}, {}]}]}]}]}
Estimate a possible volume for each birdhouse. Be prepared to explain your reasoning.
Student Response
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Activity Synthesis
“How did you estimate the volume of a house for a wood duck?”
I know
\(10 \times 18\)
is 180 and I multiplied by 10 since that just adds a zero.
I also used
\(10 \times 18 = 180\)
but multiplied by 20 since that is between 10 and 24. I got
\(3,600\)
cubic inches.
“How did you estimate the volume of a house for a red-headed woodpecker?”
I found that the area of the floor is 36 square inches. I multiplied this by 10 to get 360 and by 20 to get 720 and then picked a number in between, 500 cubic inches.
I found the area of the floor was 36 square inches. I rounded that to 40 since it is a nicer number and then found
\(40 \times 12\)
which is 480.
“Which numbers are the friendliest for estimating products? Why?” (10 is the friendliest because I can use place value. Multiples of 10, like 20, are also friendly as I can multiply by 10 and then double.)


correct_option_index: 11