few_shots: Example 1:
Problem/activity:
Find the general solution for:
$${\mathrm{cos}\left({\pi\over2}+x\right)=\mathrm{tan}{\pi\over4}}$$


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Prove and apply trigonometric identities.
B. Model periodic phenomena with trigonometric functions.
C. Interpret functions that arise in applications in terms of the context.
D. Build a function that models a relationship between two quantities.
E. Define, evaluate, and compare functions.
F. Use functions to model relationships between quantities.
G. Understand the concept of a function and use function notation.
H. Analyze functions using different representations.
I. Extend the domain of trigonometric functions using the unit circle.
J. Interpret expressions for functions in terms of the situation they model.
K. Build new functions from existing functions.
L. Construct and compare linear and exponential models and solve problems.


Thought: This problem applies trigonometric identities, including the angle addition formula for cosine.
Answer: A

Example 2:
Problem/activity:
Task
Solve the quadratic equation
$$ x^2 = (2x - 9)^2 $$
using as many different methods as possible.


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions.
B. Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems.
C. Understand solving equations as a process of reasoning and explain the reasoning.
D. Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems.
E. Generate and analyze patterns.
F. Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.
G. Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions.
H. Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations.
I. Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables.
J. Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division.
K. Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication.
L. Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division.
M. Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic.
N. Work with radicals and integer exponents.
O. Interpret the structure of expressions.
P. Solve equations and inequalities in one variable.
Q. Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.
R. Multiply and divide within 100.
S. Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.
T. Use polynomial identities to solve problems.
U. Represent and solve equations and inequalities graphically.
V. Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations.
W. Reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities.
X. Rewrite rational expressions.
Y. Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.
Z. Perform arithmetic operations on polynomials.
AA. Create equations that describe numbers or relationships
AB. Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations.
AC. Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.
AD. Write and interpret numerical expressions.
AE. Add and subtract within 20.
AF. Work with addition and subtraction equations.
AG. Solve systems of equations.
AH. Analyze patterns and relationships.


Thought: This task asks students to solve an equation in one variable. Since the problem asks for many different solution methods, students are also encouraged to solve the problem graphically.
Answer: P, U

Example 3:
Problem/activity:
Task
Suppose $A$ is an angle with vertex $P$, as pictured below:
[IMG]
Draw a circle with center $P$ and with  radius $r \gt 0$.  Explain why the circle
meets each ray of angle $A$ in a single point.  Label these points $Q$ and $R$ respectively.
Draw circles with centers $Q$ and $R$ respectively and radius $r$.  These circles meet at $P$ and a second point to be labelled $B$.
Show that ray $\overrightarrow{PB}$  bisects angle $P$.


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Apply trigonometry to general triangles.
B. Understand similarity in terms of similarity transformations.
C. Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes.
D. Prove geometric theorems.
E. Make geometric constructions.
F. Graph points on the coordinate plane to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
G. Understand congruence and similarity using physical models, transparencies, or geometry software.
H. Understand congruence in terms of rigid motions.
I. Draw, construct, and describe geometrical figures and describe the relationships between them.
J. Translate between the geometric description and the equation for a conic section.
K. Reason with shapes and their attributes.
L. Prove theorems involving similarity.
M. Explain volume formulas and use them to solve problems.
N. Find arc lengths and areas of sectors of circles.
O. Define trigonometric ratios and solve problems involving right triangles.
P. Use coordinates to prove simple geometric theorems algebraically.
Q. Visualize relationships between two-dimensional and three-dimensional objects.
R. Solve real-life and mathematical problems involving angle measure, area, surface area, and volume.
S. Understand and apply theorems about circles.
T. Identify and describe shapes (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres).
U. Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving volume of cylinders, cones, and spheres.
V. Classify two-dimensional figures into categories based on their properties.
W. Apply geometric concepts in modeling situations.
X. Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area, surface area, and volume.
Y. Experiment with transformations in the plane.
Z. Understand and apply the Pythagorean Theorem.
AA. Draw and identify lines and angles, and classify shapes by properties of their lines and angles.


Thought: This task asks students to make geometric constructions, such as bisecting an angle.
Answer: E

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant mathematical concepts/skills it teaches.
shot_info: fl_problem_001894

HS_0

im_task_000870

HS_1

im_task_001160

HS_2
options: Apply trigonometry to general triangles.

Use coordinates to prove simple geometric theorems algebraically.

Solve real-life and mathematical problems involving angle measure, area, surface area, and volume.

Explain volume formulas and use them to solve problems.

Draw, construct, and describe geometrical figures and describe the relationships between them.

Identify and describe shapes (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres).

Classify two-dimensional figures into categories based on their properties.

Find arc lengths and areas of sectors of circles.

Draw and identify lines and angles, and classify shapes by properties of their lines and angles.

Understand and apply theorems about circles.

Understand congruence and similarity using physical models, transparencies, or geometry software.

Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area, surface area, and volume.

Graph points on the coordinate plane to solve real-world and mathematical problems.

Translate between the geometric description and the equation for a conic section.

Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving volume of cylinders, cones, and spheres.

Reason with shapes and their attributes.

Prove geometric theorems.

Make geometric constructions.

Experiment with transformations in the plane.

Understand congruence in terms of rigid motions.

Understand similarity in terms of similarity transformations.

Apply geometric concepts in modeling situations.

Understand and apply the Pythagorean Theorem.

Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes.

Visualize relationships between two-dimensional and three-dimensional objects.

Prove theorems involving similarity.

Define trigonometric ratios and solve problems involving right triangles.
problem_activity: Activity
In this activity students use trigonometry to calculate the measure of an angle when given two sides of a right triangle. Then they apply a method of their choosing to calculate other side lengths and angle measures in the triangle.
Monitor for students who use:
the Pythagorean Theorem
multiple trigonometric equations
the Triangle Angle Sum Theorem
Launch
“Don’t forget to calculate 3 measurements per triangle.”
Students need not complete all the problems before the discussion.
Engagement: Provide Access by Recruiting Interest.
Leverage choice around perceived challenge. Invite students to select 2 of the 3 questions to complete. Chunking this task into more manageable parts may also support students who benefit from additional processing time.
Supports accessibility for: Organization; Attention; Social-emotional skills
Student Facing
Find all missing side and angle measures.
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Student Response
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for free access to Student Response.
Activity Synthesis
Tell students there are at least 3 different methods for solving these problems:
Pythagorean Theorem
multiple trigonometric equations
the Triangle Angle Sum Theorem
Invite students to rank the methods in order of most to least preferred and tell them to be prepared to share their reasoning. After 1 minute of quiet think time ask a few students to share. Tell the class that there is no one best method; personal preference and the specific problem both influence your choices.
Speaking: MLR8 Discussion Supports.
To support students in producing statements about the methods they preferred for solving the problems, provide sentence frames for students to use when they share. For example, “I prefer _____ because _____,” or  “_____ was better because _____.”
Design Principle(s): Support sense-making


correct_option_index: 26