few_shots: Example 1:
Problem/activity:
Find the general solution for:
$${\mathrm{cos}\left({\pi\over2}+x\right)=\mathrm{tan}{\pi\over4}}$$


Standard options: 
A. Prove the Pythagorean identity sin^(2)(θ) + cos^(2)(θ) = 1 and use it to find sin(θ), cos(θ),or tan(θ) given sin(θ), cos(θ), or tan(θ) and the quadrant of the angle.
B. Prove the addition and subtraction formulas for sine, cosine, and tangent and use them to solve problems.


Thought: An initial step when solving for x in this problem requires the use of the addition formula for cosine on the left side of the equation. Solving this problem does not require use of the Pythagorean identity.
Answer: B

Example 2:
Problem/activity:
Task
Solve the quadratic equation
$$ x^2 = (2x - 9)^2 $$
using as many different methods as possible.


Standard options: 
A. Solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable, including equations with coefficients represented by letters.
B. Solve quadratic equations in one variable.


Thought: This task shows one quadratic equation with one variable, x.
Answer: B

Example 3:
Problem/activity:
Task
Suppose $A$ is an angle with vertex $P$, as pictured below:
[IMG]
Draw a circle with center $P$ and with  radius $r \gt 0$.  Explain why the circle
meets each ray of angle $A$ in a single point.  Label these points $Q$ and $R$ respectively.
Draw circles with centers $Q$ and $R$ respectively and radius $r$.  These circles meet at $P$ and a second point to be labelled $B$.
Show that ray $\overrightarrow{PB}$  bisects angle $P$.


Standard options: 
A. Make formal geometric constructions with a variety of tools and methods (compass and straightedge, string, reflective devices, paper folding, dynamic geometric software, etc.). Copying a segment; copying an angle; bisecting a segment; bisecting an angle; constructing perpendicular lines, including the perpendicular bisector of a line segment; and constructing a line parallel to a given line through a point not on the line.
B. Construct an equilateral triangle, a square, and a regular hexagon inscribed in a circle.


Thought: This task asks students to draw a ray that bisects an angle. The act of drawing circles and rays may involve compass and straightedge or dynamic geometric software.
Answer: A

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant standards it aligns with.
shot_info: fl_problem_001894

HS_0

im_task_000870

HS_1

im_task_001160

HS_2
options: Analyze and solve pairs of simultaneous linear equations.

Solve linear equations in one variable.
problem_activity: Activity
Students represent a scenario with an equation and use the equation to find solutions. They create a graph (either with a table of values or by using two intercepts), interpret points on the graph, and interpret points not on the graph (MP2).
Launch
Allow about 10 minutes quiet think time for questions 1 through 4, then have students work with a partner to discuss questions 4 and 5. Look for students who define the variables or label the axes differently. This can be an opportunity to discuss the importance of defining what quantities your variables represent and that different graphs can represent the same information.
Speaking, Listening: MLR2 Collect and Display.
Listen for and record the language students use to discuss the statement “List two ways that you can tell if a pair of numbers is a solution to an equation.” Organize and group similar strategies in the display for students to refer back to throughout the lesson. For example, group strategies that reference the equation in one area and strategies that reference the graph in another area. This will help students solidify their understanding about solutions to an equation.
Design Principle(s): Support sense-making; Maximize meta-awareness
Student Facing
The Fabulous Fish Market orders tilapia, which costs
$
3 per pound, and salmon, which costs
$
5 per pound. The market budgets
$
210 to spend on this order each day.
What are five different combinations of salmon and tilapia that the market can order?
Define variables and write an equation representing the relationship between the amount of each fish bought and how much the market spends.
Sketch a graph of the relationship. Label your axes.
[IMG]
On your graph, plot and label the combinations A—F.
|                   | A | B | C | D | E | F |
|-------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pounds of tilapia |   |   |   |   |   |   |
| pounds of salmon  |   |   |   |   |   |   |
Which of these combinations can the market order? Explain or show your reasoning.
List two ways you can tell if a pair of numbers is a solution to an equation.
Student Response
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Anticipated Misconceptions
If students let
\(x\)
be pounds of salmon, then the equation would be
\(5x + 3y = 210\)
and the coordinates would be reversed. The intercepts of the graph would be
\((0,70)\)
and
\((42,0)\)
. This is a good place to mention the importance of defining what quantities your variables represent.
Activity Synthesis
Ask students to share some strategies for graphing and features of their graphs. Invite 2–3 students to display their graphs. Consider asking:
"Was the slope of the line positive or negative? Why does that makes sense in this situation?" (In this relationship, as one quantity increases the other must decrease in order to keep the sum
\(3x + 5y\)
constant.)
"What was your strategy for graphing the relationship?" (Plotting points from question 1, using the table, figuring out the intercepts and connecting the line)
"Why does it make sense for the graph to be only in quadrant I?" (You cannot purchase a negative amount of fish, so the
\(x\)
and
\(y\)
values cannot be negative.)
"How is this situation different from the apples and oranges problem in a previous lesson?" (Buying
\(\frac12\)
pound of fish is reasonable while buying
\(\frac12\)
of an apple probably is not. )
Briefly reiterate key concepts: If a point is not on the graph of the equation then it is not a solution. The ordered pairs that are solutions to the equation all make the equation true and are all found on the line that is the graph of the equation.
A discussion could also include the detail that orders that are less than
$
210 can also be considered to work, because there is money left over. That gives an opportunity to discuss the shape of the graph of
\(3x + 5y \le 210\)
.


correct_option_index: 0