few_shots: Example 1:
Problem/activity:
Find the general solution for:
$${\mathrm{cos}\left({\pi\over2}+x\right)=\mathrm{tan}{\pi\over4}}$$


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Prove and apply trigonometric identities.
B. Model periodic phenomena with trigonometric functions.
C. Interpret functions that arise in applications in terms of the context.
D. Build a function that models a relationship between two quantities.
E. Define, evaluate, and compare functions.
F. Use functions to model relationships between quantities.
G. Understand the concept of a function and use function notation.
H. Analyze functions using different representations.
I. Extend the domain of trigonometric functions using the unit circle.
J. Interpret expressions for functions in terms of the situation they model.
K. Build new functions from existing functions.
L. Construct and compare linear and exponential models and solve problems.


Thought: This problem applies trigonometric identities, including the angle addition formula for cosine.
Answer: A

Example 2:
Problem/activity:
Task
Solve the quadratic equation
$$ x^2 = (2x - 9)^2 $$
using as many different methods as possible.


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions.
B. Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems.
C. Understand solving equations as a process of reasoning and explain the reasoning.
D. Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems.
E. Generate and analyze patterns.
F. Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.
G. Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions.
H. Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations.
I. Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables.
J. Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division.
K. Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication.
L. Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division.
M. Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic.
N. Work with radicals and integer exponents.
O. Interpret the structure of expressions.
P. Solve equations and inequalities in one variable.
Q. Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.
R. Multiply and divide within 100.
S. Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.
T. Use polynomial identities to solve problems.
U. Represent and solve equations and inequalities graphically.
V. Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations.
W. Reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities.
X. Rewrite rational expressions.
Y. Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.
Z. Perform arithmetic operations on polynomials.
AA. Create equations that describe numbers or relationships
AB. Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations.
AC. Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.
AD. Write and interpret numerical expressions.
AE. Add and subtract within 20.
AF. Work with addition and subtraction equations.
AG. Solve systems of equations.
AH. Analyze patterns and relationships.


Thought: This task asks students to solve an equation in one variable. Since the problem asks for many different solution methods, students are also encouraged to solve the problem graphically.
Answer: P, U

Example 3:
Problem/activity:
Task
Suppose $A$ is an angle with vertex $P$, as pictured below:
[IMG]
Draw a circle with center $P$ and with  radius $r \gt 0$.  Explain why the circle
meets each ray of angle $A$ in a single point.  Label these points $Q$ and $R$ respectively.
Draw circles with centers $Q$ and $R$ respectively and radius $r$.  These circles meet at $P$ and a second point to be labelled $B$.
Show that ray $\overrightarrow{PB}$  bisects angle $P$.


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Apply trigonometry to general triangles.
B. Understand similarity in terms of similarity transformations.
C. Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes.
D. Prove geometric theorems.
E. Make geometric constructions.
F. Graph points on the coordinate plane to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
G. Understand congruence and similarity using physical models, transparencies, or geometry software.
H. Understand congruence in terms of rigid motions.
I. Draw, construct, and describe geometrical figures and describe the relationships between them.
J. Translate between the geometric description and the equation for a conic section.
K. Reason with shapes and their attributes.
L. Prove theorems involving similarity.
M. Explain volume formulas and use them to solve problems.
N. Find arc lengths and areas of sectors of circles.
O. Define trigonometric ratios and solve problems involving right triangles.
P. Use coordinates to prove simple geometric theorems algebraically.
Q. Visualize relationships between two-dimensional and three-dimensional objects.
R. Solve real-life and mathematical problems involving angle measure, area, surface area, and volume.
S. Understand and apply theorems about circles.
T. Identify and describe shapes (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres).
U. Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving volume of cylinders, cones, and spheres.
V. Classify two-dimensional figures into categories based on their properties.
W. Apply geometric concepts in modeling situations.
X. Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area, surface area, and volume.
Y. Experiment with transformations in the plane.
Z. Understand and apply the Pythagorean Theorem.
AA. Draw and identify lines and angles, and classify shapes by properties of their lines and angles.


Thought: This task asks students to make geometric constructions, such as bisecting an angle.
Answer: E

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant mathematical concepts/skills it teaches.
shot_info: fl_problem_001894

HS_0

im_task_000870

HS_1

im_task_001160

HS_2
options: Visualize relationships between two-dimensional and three-dimensional objects.

Apply trigonometry to general triangles.

Reason with shapes and their attributes.

Apply geometric concepts in modeling situations.

Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area, surface area, and volume.

Understand congruence in terms of rigid motions.

Solve real-life and mathematical problems involving angle measure, area, surface area, and volume.

Use coordinates to prove simple geometric theorems algebraically.

Prove theorems involving similarity.

Understand congruence and similarity using physical models, transparencies, or geometry software.

Graph points on the coordinate plane to solve real-world and mathematical problems.

Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving volume of cylinders, cones, and spheres.

Classify two-dimensional figures into categories based on their properties.

Understand and apply theorems about circles.

Experiment with transformations in the plane.

Make geometric constructions.

Find arc lengths and areas of sectors of circles.

Understand similarity in terms of similarity transformations.

Draw and identify lines and angles, and classify shapes by properties of their lines and angles.

Identify and describe shapes (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres).

Draw, construct, and describe geometrical figures and describe the relationships between them.

Translate between the geometric description and the equation for a conic section.

Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes.

Understand and apply the Pythagorean Theorem.

Explain volume formulas and use them to solve problems.

Prove geometric theorems.

Define trigonometric ratios and solve problems involving right triangles.
problem_activity: Activity
The purpose of this activity is for students to compare the possible ways of constructing equilateral triangles. Look for student work that illustrates a variety of methods and sizes of triangles.
Making dynamic geometry software available gives students an opportunity to choose appropriate tools strategically (MP5).
Launch
Encourage students to construct the equilateral triangles using different methods rather than repeating the same method twice.
Student Facing
Use straightedge and compass moves to construct at least 2 equilateral triangles of different sizes.
Student Response
Teachers with a valid work email address can
click here to register or sign in
for free access to Student Response.
Student Facing
Are you ready for more?
[IMG]
[IMG]
Examine the figure carefully. What different shapes is it composed of? Be specific.
Figure out how to construct the figure with a compass and straightedge.
Then, cut it out, and see if you can fold it up into a container like this.
Student Response
Teachers with a valid work email address can
click here to register or sign in
for free access to Extension Student Response.
Anticipated Misconceptions
If students get stuck, ask them to refer to the warm-up to see whether they can spot equilateral triangles. Then encourage them to do the compass and straightedge moves required to make those equilateral triangles.
Activity Synthesis
Display several student responses for all to see. Ask students to explain their methods for producing equilateral triangles and justify how they know each triangle is equilateral. If not mentioned by students, conjecture that, in some of these constructions, the entire construction remains the same even when rotated
\(\frac13\)
of a full turn (120 degrees) around the center. This means that each side can be rotated onto the other sides, and each angle can be rotated onto the other angles. This plants ideas about symmetry that will be explored in later lessons.
Speaking, Representing: MLR8 Discussion Supports.
Use this routine to help students prepare for the whole-class discussion. Arrange students in groups of 2. Invite students to take turns explaining their method for constructing equilateral triangles of different sizes. This will provide all students with additional opportunities to clarify their thinking and to produce language.
Design Principle(s): Support sense-making; Cultivate conversation
Action and Expression: Develop Expression and Communication.
Invite students to talk about their ideas with a partner before writing them down. Display sentence frames to support students when they explain their strategy and ideas. For example, “First, I _____ because _____. Then, I....” and “I know _____ because….”
Supports accessibility for: Language; Organization


correct_option_index: 15