few_shots: Example:
Problem/activity:
Task
Cruz and Erica were both getting ready for soccer.
Cruz ran 1 lap around the school.
Erica ran 3 laps around the playground.
Erica said,
I ran more laps, so I ran farther.
Cruz said,
4 laps around the school is 1 mile, but it takes 12 laps around the playground to go 1 mile. My laps are much longer, so I ran farther.
Who is right? Draw a picture to help you explain your answer.


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Build fractions from unit fractions by applying and extending previous understandings of operations on whole numbers.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.
B. Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and ordering.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.
C. Use equivalent fractions as a strategy to add and subtract fractions.
D. Develop Understanding of fractions as numbers.
Grade 3 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8.
E. Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division to multiply and divide fractions.
F. Understand decimal notation for fractions, and compare decimal fractions.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.


Thought: In this problem, students learn to recognize equivalent fractions. That is, three laps around the playground is 3/12 mile, which is equivalent to 1/4, which is one lap around the school.
Answer: B

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant mathematical concepts/skills it teaches.
shot_info: im_task_000212

4
options: Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division.

Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems.

Interpret the structure of expressions.

Write and interpret numerical expressions.

Analyze patterns and relationships.

Rewrite rational expressions.

Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations.

Add and subtract within 20.

Solve equations and inequalities in one variable.

Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.

Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division.

Represent and solve equations and inequalities graphically.

Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.

Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.

Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic.

Use polynomial identities to solve problems.

Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication.

Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions.

Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

Create equations that describe numbers or relationships

Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables.

Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems.

Apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions.

Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations.

Generate and analyze patterns.

Perform arithmetic operations on polynomials.

Solve systems of equations.

Reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities.

Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations.

Multiply and divide within 100.

Work with addition and subtraction equations.

Work with radicals and integer exponents.

Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Understand solving equations as a process of reasoning and explain the reasoning.
problem_activity: Narrative
The purpose of this activity is for students to write equations for multiplication situations and diagrams using a symbol for the unknown number. When students write an equation to represent a situation, including a symbol for the unknown number, they model a situation with mathematics (MP4).
Students find an unknown factor or unknown product in multiplication problems. In this task, the unknown factor diagrams and situations only include the “how many groups” problem type and the factors 2, 5, and 10. This sets students up to skip-count to find the unknown number.
This problem type will be revisited extensively in future lessons and will be related to division. It is not necessary to make the connection to division now. In the synthesis students explain how the equations they wrote represent the diagram or situation.
Representation: Internalize Comprehension.
Synthesis: Invite students to identify which details were important or most useful to pay attention to. Display the sentence frame, “The next time I write an equation with an unknown number, I will . . . .“
Supports accessibility for: Visual-Spatial Processing
Launch
Groups of 2
Activity
“Now you will practice writing your own equations with a symbol for the unknown.”
2–3 minutes: independent work time
“Share your equations with your partner. Discuss how you know each equation matches the diagram or situation.”
2–3 minutes: partner discussion
Have a whole-class discussion focused on how the equations match the different representations.
Consider asking:
“How did you use the representations to write an equation with a symbol for the unknown?” (I looked for what was missing in the diagram. I thought about the situation to figure out if it was the number in each group, the number of groups, or the total that was missing.)
“Now find the missing number in each equation and write a new equation that includes the solution.”
3–5 minutes: partner work time
Student Facing
Write an equation to represent each diagram or situation. Use a symbol for the unknown. Be prepared to share your reasoning.
Find the number that makes each equation true. Rewrite the equation with the solution.
|                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 diagram or situation                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | equation with symbol | equation with solution |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------|------------------------|
| |https://cms-im.s3.amazonaws.com/gf3w2hjep7il38vg6usxrnj0zj9v?response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3D%22tikz-file-152934.svg%22%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27tikz-file-152934.svg&response-content-type=image%2Fsvg%2Bxml&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAXQCCIHWF3XOEFOW4%2F20240208%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240208T163829Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=e5ec58d09b006a5b2fe4be0a8c6e1be79921b2ef4899756a6a2fb56b666e8275|  |https://cms-im.s3.amazonaws.com/gf3w2hjep7il38vg6usxrnj0zj9v?response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3D%22tikz-file-152934.svg%22%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27tikz-file-152934.svg&response-content-type=image%2Fsvg%2Bxml&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAXQCCIHWF3XOEFOW4%2F20240208%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240208T163829Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=e5ec58d09b006a5b2fe4be0a8c6e1be79921b2ef4899756a6a2fb56b666e8275| image:: https://cms-im.s3.amazonaws.com/gf3w2hjep7il38vg6usxrnj0zj9v?response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3D%22tikz-file-152934.svg%22%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27tikz-file-152934.svg&response-content-type=image%2Fsvg%2Bxml&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAXQCCIHWF3XOEFOW4%2F20240208%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240208T163829Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=e5ec58d09b006a5b2fe4be0a8c6e1be79921b2ef4899756a6a2fb56b666e8275 |                      |                        |
|                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Jada has some packs of sports cards. Each pack has 5 cards. If Jada has 45 cards, how many packs of cards does she have?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |                      |                        |
| |https://cms-im.s3.amazonaws.com/clhjdxlivcrwuhnz8p74h3wdr0sr?response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3D%22tikz-file-148281.svg%22%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27tikz-file-148281.svg&response-content-type=image%2Fsvg%2Bxml&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAXQCCIHWF3XOEFOW4%2F20240208%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240208T163829Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=d838c3f51f69439465afa72015e1148ef93bd40389ba4d8f653044f160e7cc19|  |https://cms-im.s3.amazonaws.com/clhjdxlivcrwuhnz8p74h3wdr0sr?response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3D%22tikz-file-148281.svg%22%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27tikz-file-148281.svg&response-content-type=image%2Fsvg%2Bxml&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAXQCCIHWF3XOEFOW4%2F20240208%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240208T163829Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=d838c3f51f69439465afa72015e1148ef93bd40389ba4d8f653044f160e7cc19| image:: https://cms-im.s3.amazonaws.com/clhjdxlivcrwuhnz8p74h3wdr0sr?response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3D%22tikz-file-148281.svg%22%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27tikz-file-148281.svg&response-content-type=image%2Fsvg%2Bxml&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAXQCCIHWF3XOEFOW4%2F20240208%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240208T163829Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=d838c3f51f69439465afa72015e1148ef93bd40389ba4d8f653044f160e7cc19 |                      |                        |
| |https://cms-im.s3.amazonaws.com/jg4dxs24ozz1huvon7s4enxj1zdl?response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3D%22tikz-file-148282.svg%22%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27tikz-file-148282.svg&response-content-type=image%2Fsvg%2Bxml&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAXQCCIHWF3XOEFOW4%2F20240208%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240208T163829Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=8cf7dafc0a1b5a31eead8875981bb2db673480a12c4a842012b6e72effafc408|  |https://cms-im.s3.amazonaws.com/jg4dxs24ozz1huvon7s4enxj1zdl?response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3D%22tikz-file-148282.svg%22%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27tikz-file-148282.svg&response-content-type=image%2Fsvg%2Bxml&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAXQCCIHWF3XOEFOW4%2F20240208%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240208T163829Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=8cf7dafc0a1b5a31eead8875981bb2db673480a12c4a842012b6e72effafc408| image:: https://cms-im.s3.amazonaws.com/jg4dxs24ozz1huvon7s4enxj1zdl?response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3D%22tikz-file-148282.svg%22%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27tikz-file-148282.svg&response-content-type=image%2Fsvg%2Bxml&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAXQCCIHWF3XOEFOW4%2F20240208%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240208T163829Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=8cf7dafc0a1b5a31eead8875981bb2db673480a12c4a842012b6e72effafc408 |                      |                        |
|                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         The school has 6 bags. Each bag has 10 basketballs in it. How many basketballs does the school have?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |                      |                        |
Student Response
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Advancing Student Thinking
If students write an equation without a symbol for the unknown number, consider asking:
“How does your equation represent the diagram (or situation)?”
“How could you show the number that was unknown with a symbol?”
Activity Synthesis
“What strategies did you use to find the unknown numbers?” (I counted by 2 to get the total. I counted by different numbers until I found a number that gave me the product.)
“How did each equation change as you found the unknown number?” (The symbol was replaced with the number.)


correct_option_index: 10