few_shots: Example 1:
Problem/activity:
Task
Materials
One 10-frame per pair of students (see example below)
[IMG]
Counters, 10 per pair of students
Decks of number cards 0-5 (with 4 of each number) or two 0-5 dice
Setup
This activity is done in pairs. The students sit side by side with 10-frame and deck of cards or dice. If they have cards, the cards are shuffled and placed face down in front of them.
Action
Player 1 flips a card or rolls the die. They place that many counters on the 10-frame. Player 2 flips a card or rolls the die. They place that many more counters on the 10-frame next to the counters already on the ten frame. The students count the total together.
A recording sheet can be added when the students have been introduced to equations and number sentences. For those students who can handle higher numbers, a deck of 0-10 cards and two 10-frames can be used.
This game can also be played alone.


Standard options: 
A. Represent addition and subtraction with objects, fingers, mental images, drawings (Drawings need not show details, but should show the mathematics in the problem. (This applies wherever drawings are mentioned in the Standards.)), sounds (e.g., claps), acting out situations, verbal explanations, expressions, or equations.
B. For any number from 1 to 9, find the number that makes 10 when added to the given number, e.g., by using objects or drawings, and record the answer with a drawing or equation.
C. Decompose numbers less than or equal to 10 into pairs in more than one way, e.g., by using objects or drawings, and record each decomposition by a drawing or equation (e.g., 5 = 2 + 3 and 5 = 4 + 1).
D. Solve addition and subtraction word problems, and add and subtract within 10, e.g., by using objects or drawings to represent the problem.
E. Fluently add and subtract within 5.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "This task involves representing addition with objects such as number cards and dice.",
  "answer": "A"
}

Example 2:
Problem/activity:
Task
 Arrange the fractions in order from least to greatest. Explain your answer with a picture.
 $\frac{1}{5}, \frac{1}{7}, \frac{1}{3} $
 $\frac{2}{5}, \frac{2}{7}, \frac{2}{3} $
 $\frac{5}{6}, \frac{3}{6}, \frac{1}{6} $
 $\frac{5}{12}, \frac{8}{12}, \frac{4}{12} $

Standard options: 
A. Understand a fraction as a number on the number line; represent fractions on a number line diagram.
Grade 3 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8.
B. Explain equivalence of fractions in special cases, and compare fractions by reasoning about their size.
Grade 3 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8.
C. Understand a fraction 1/b as the quantity formed by 1 part when a whole is partitioned into b equal parts; understand a fraction a/b as the quantity formed by a parts of size 1/b.
Grade 3 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "By arranging the fractions in this problem, students learn to compare fractions by reasoning about their size.",
  "answer": "B"
}

Example 3:
Problem/activity:
Problem 1
Solve using the standard algorithm. If you get stuck, use an area model and/or the partial products algorithm to help. Then assess the reasonableness of your answer.
a.
$$5,803\times46$$
b.
$$63\times2,116$$
Problem 2
Dunkin' introduced a croissant doughnut in 2014. In the first three months of its debut, they sold 7,870 dozen of them per day. How many croissant doughnuts were sold in the first three months?


Standard options: 
A. Add, subtract, multiply, and divide decimals to hundredths, using concrete models or drawings and strategies based on place value, properties of operations, and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction; relate the strategy to a written method and explain the reasoning used.
B. Find whole-number quotients of whole numbers with up to four-digit dividends and two-digit divisors, using strategies based on place value, the properties of operations, and/or the relationship between multiplication and division. Illustrate and explain the calculation by using equations, rectangular arrays, and/or area models.
C. Fluently multiply multi-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "This set of problems involves multi-digit whole numbers because the numbers in each problem are four and two digit integers, and the mathematical calculations involved in both problems focus on multiplication. The first problem explicitly asks the student to solve its subproblems using the standard algorithm.",
  "answer": "C"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant standards it aligns with.
shot_info: im_task_001477

K

im_task_000157

3

fl_problem_000674

5
options: Multiply or divide to solve word problems involving multiplicative comparison, e.g., by using drawings and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem, distinguishing multiplicative comparison from additive comparison.

Solve multistep word problems posed with whole numbers and having whole-number answers using the four operations, including problems in which remainders must be interpreted. Represent these problems using equations with a letter standing for the unknown quantity. Assess the reasonableness of answers using mental computation and estimation strategies including rounding.

Interpret a multiplication equation as a comparison, e.g., interpret 35 = 5 × 7 as a statement that 35 is 5 times as many as 7 and 7 times as many as 5. Represent verbal statements of multiplicative comparisons as multiplication equations.
problem_activity: Narrative
Students begin the activity by looking at the problem displayed, rather than in their books. At the end of the launch, students work on the problem. This activity prompts students to use what they know about multiplication, division, factors, and multiples to solve problems. The problem does not have a question, so students will need to make sense of the context and generate potential questions that might be answered (MP2). Students are encouraged in the task to attend to the details of the situation and to engage in genuine curiosity about the mathematics that is embedded within it.
This activity uses MLR5 Co-craft Questions. Advances: writing, reading, representing
Representation: Develop Language and Symbols.
Represent the problem in multiple ways to support understanding. For example, invite students to represent the situation as a comic strip or a collage. Offer relevant images such as a movie theater, a sign showing admissions prices, a cash register, and a calendar. Alternatively, invite students to act out the situation. Consider using play money, signs with two days of the week written on them, and the action of “fast forwarding” through days and a night. Consider asking, “How might you represent the situation in a mathematical diagram?”
Supports accessibility for: Conceptual Processing, Visual-Spatial Processing, Attention
Launch
Groups of 2
MLR5 Co-Craft Questions
Read only the first two paragraphs without revealing the question(s).
“Write a list of mathematical questions that could be asked about this situation.”
2 minutes: independent work time
2–3 minutes: partner discussion
Invite several students to share one question with the class. Record responses for use later in the task.
“What information from the situation can be used to answer this question?” (The number of days tickets were purchased, the total number of money earned by the theater, the price of movie tickets)
Reveal the task (students open books), and invite additional connections.
Activity
“Choose a question from the list to answer.”
“Work with a partner to complete the activity.”
Remind students of the list of questions generated during the launch as a reference during the activity.
Student Facing
Movie tickets are \$9 each. The theater sold the same number of tickets two days in a row.
The theater made \$3,132 from ticket sales on the first day.
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Record and answer one question of your choice from the list the class generated. Discuss your strategy with your partner.
Use the given information about movie tickets to complete the following statement:
__________ tickets were sold on the first and second days.
A medium drink is \$7 and small popcorn is \$5. If each ticket holder purchases popcorn and a drink, how much money will the theater collect from the sales of popcorn and drink?
Student Response
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Advancing Student Thinking
Students may think of questions that cannot be answered using the information provided. Consider asking: “What would we need to know to be able to answer this question?” and “How might we find out this information?” The result of these questions may not enable the students to answer the questions, but will support them in making sense of the problem and identifying information necessary to solve the problems.
Activity Synthesis
Select 1–2 students to share their reasoning and responses.
If not clarified in students’ explanations, discuss a possible path for finding out the number of tickets sold over the two days using the given information. (For instance: Each ticket is \$9 and we know the total amount of money earned by selling tickets in one day, \$3,132. If we divide the total amount earned by the price of each ticket, we can find out how many tickets were sold on one day.
\(3,\!132\div 9 = 348\)
. If 348 tickets were sold on one day, then
\(348 \times 2\)
or 696 tickets were sold in the two days. We can also multiply \$3,132 by 2 first then divide by \$9 to get the total number of tickets.)


correct_option_index: 1