few_shots: Example:
Problem/activity:
Stage 1: Money
Required Preparation
Materials to Copy
Blackline Masters
Would You Rather Stage 1 Spinner
Would You Rather Stage 1 Recording Sheet

Narrative
The first partner spins to get a group of coins. They write a question that compares the amount they spun to a different group of coins that they make up.


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Solve problems involving measurement and estimation of intervals of time, liquid volumes, and masses of objects.
B. Represent and interpret data.
C. Geometric measurement: understand concepts of volume and relate volume to multiplication and to addition.
D. Geometric measurement: recognize perimeter as an attribute of plane figures and distinguish between linear and area measures.
E. Describe and compare measurable attributes.
F. Geometric measurement: understand concepts of angle and measure angles.
G. Convert like measurement units within a given measurement system.
H. Geometric measurement: understand concepts of area and relate area to multiplication and to addition.
I. Measure and estimate lengths in standard units.
J. Classify objects and count the number of objects in each category.
K. Tell and write time.
L. Solve problems involving measurement and conversion of measurements from a larger unit to a smaller unit.
M. Measure lengths indirectly and by iterating length units.
N. Work with time and money.
O. Relate addition and subtraction to length.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "In this problem, students work with money in the form of coins.",
  "answer": "N"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant mathematical concepts/skills it teaches.
shot_info: im_center_000269

2
options: Calculate expected values and use them to solve problems.

Investigate chance processes and develop, use, and evaluate probability models.

Interpret linear models.

Understand and evaluate random processes underlying statistical experiments.

Use random sampling to draw inferences about a population.

Summarize, represent, and interpret data on a single count or measurement variable.

Understand independence and conditional probability and use them to interpret data.

Use the rules of probability to compute probabilities of compound events in a uniform probability model.

Develop understanding of statistical variability.

Investigate patterns of association in bivariate data.

Summarize and describe distributions.

Use probability to evaluate outcomes of decisions.

Make inferences and justify conclusions from sample surveys, experiments, and observational studies.

Summarize, represent, and interpret data on two categorical and quantitative variables.

Draw informal comparative inferences about two populations.
problem_activity: Activity
In this activity, each group is assigned a situation for which they will design and perform a simulation to estimate the probability. Students will give a short presentation on the methods and results of their simulation for the class after they have designed and run the simulation. Students will need to attend to precision (MP6) as well as present arguments (MP3) for the simulation method they chose. At this stage, students have experienced a large number of simulation methods and should be able to design their own to represent the situations using the appropriate tools (MP5).
Launch
Arrange students in groups of 3. Assign each group a question slip from the blackline master. Provide access to number cubes, compasses, protractors, rulers, paper bags, colored snap cubes, scissors, and coins. Give students 15 minutes for group work followed by a whole-class discussion.
Student Facing
Your teacher will give your group a paper describing a situation.
Design a simulation that you could use to estimate a probability. Show your thinking. Organize it so it can be followed by others.
Explain how you used the simulation to answer the questions posed in the situation.
Student Response
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Activity Synthesis
Ask each group to share their situation, their method of simulating the situation, and their results. Students should explain why their chosen method works to simulate the situation they were given. In particular, all important outcomes should be represented with the same probability as stated in the situation.
If all groups that have the same situation use the same simulation method, ask for ideas from the class about alternate methods that could be used for the situation.
For reference, the computed probabilities for each situation are:
\(\frac{5}{32} \approx 0.16\)
\(\frac{1}{64} \approx 0.02\)
\(\frac{59049}{100000} \approx 0.59\)
\(\frac{2072}{3125} \approx 0.66\)
\(\frac{181}{3125} \approx 0.06\)
Representation: Internalize Comprehension.
Use color and annotations to illustrate student thinking. As students show their representations of simulations and explain their reasoning, use color and annotations to scribe their thinking on a display of each problem so that it is visible for all students.
Supports accessibility for: Visual-spatial processing; Conceptual processing
Listening, Speaking: MLR8 Discussion Supports.
To help students explain why their chosen method works, provide sentence frames such as: “This simulation was designed so that . . .” and “The simulation and the actual event have the same probabilities because . . . .” As partners are sharing, encourage the listener to press for more explanation by asking: “Can you explain why the probabilities of the simulation and actual event match?” or “Is there another simulation that could provide the same probability?” This will help students practice justifying their simulation from their interpretation of the situation.
Design Principle(s): Maximize meta-awareness; Cultivate conversation


correct_option_index: 1