few_shots: Example:
Problem/activity:
Problem 1
Solve using the standard algorithm. If you get stuck, use an area model and/or the partial products algorithm to help. Then assess the reasonableness of your answer.
a.
$$5,803\times46$$
b.
$$63\times2,116$$
Problem 2
Dunkin' introduced a croissant doughnut in 2014. In the first three months of its debut, they sold 7,870 dozen of them per day. How many croissant doughnuts were sold in the first three months?


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic. (A range of algorithms may be used.)
B. Understand place value.
C. Understand the place value system.
D. Extend the counting sequence.
E. Work with numbers 11–19 to gain foundations for place value.
F. Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to whole numbers less than or equal to 1,000,000.
G. Perform operations with multi-digit whole numbers and with decimals to hundredths.
H. Generalize place value understanding for multi-digit whole numbers.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to whole numbers less than or equal to 1,000,000.
I. Use place value understanding and properties of operations to add and subtract.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "This set of problems asks students to perform multiplication, which is an operation, on multi-digit whole numbers.",
  "answer": "G"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant mathematical concepts/skills it teaches.
shot_info: fl_problem_000674

5
options: Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables.

Write and interpret numerical expressions.

Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic.

Work with addition and subtraction equations.

Solve equations and inequalities in one variable.

Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations.

Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.

Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

Reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities.

Understand solving equations as a process of reasoning and explain the reasoning.

Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Generate and analyze patterns.

Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.

Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations.

Multiply and divide within 100.

Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division.

Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication.

Rewrite rational expressions.

Analyze patterns and relationships.

Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.

Represent and solve equations and inequalities graphically.

Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations.

Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions.

Add and subtract within 20.

Solve systems of equations.

Apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions.

Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems.

Perform arithmetic operations on polynomials.

Interpret the structure of expressions.

Use polynomial identities to solve problems.

Work with radicals and integer exponents.

Create equations that describe numbers or relationships

Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems.

Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division.
problem_activity: Activity
Students represent a scenario with an equation and use the equation to find solutions. They create a graph (either with a table of values or by using two intercepts), interpret points on the graph, and interpret points not on the graph (MP2).
Launch
Allow about 10 minutes quiet think time for questions 1 through 4, then have students work with a partner to discuss questions 4 and 5. Look for students who define the variables or label the axes differently. This can be an opportunity to discuss the importance of defining what quantities your variables represent and that different graphs can represent the same information.
Speaking, Listening: MLR2 Collect and Display.
Listen for and record the language students use to discuss the statement “List two ways that you can tell if a pair of numbers is a solution to an equation.” Organize and group similar strategies in the display for students to refer back to throughout the lesson. For example, group strategies that reference the equation in one area and strategies that reference the graph in another area. This will help students solidify their understanding about solutions to an equation.
Design Principle(s): Support sense-making; Maximize meta-awareness
Student Facing
The Fabulous Fish Market orders tilapia, which costs
$
3 per pound, and salmon, which costs
$
5 per pound. The market budgets
$
210 to spend on this order each day.
What are five different combinations of salmon and tilapia that the market can order?
Define variables and write an equation representing the relationship between the amount of each fish bought and how much the market spends.
Sketch a graph of the relationship. Label your axes.
[IMG]
On your graph, plot and label the combinations A—F.
|                   | A | B | C | D | E | F |
|-------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pounds of tilapia |   |   |   |   |   |   |
| pounds of salmon  |   |   |   |   |   |   |
Which of these combinations can the market order? Explain or show your reasoning.
List two ways you can tell if a pair of numbers is a solution to an equation.
Student Response
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Anticipated Misconceptions
If students let
\(x\)
be pounds of salmon, then the equation would be
\(5x + 3y = 210\)
and the coordinates would be reversed. The intercepts of the graph would be
\((0,70)\)
and
\((42,0)\)
. This is a good place to mention the importance of defining what quantities your variables represent.
Activity Synthesis
Ask students to share some strategies for graphing and features of their graphs. Invite 2–3 students to display their graphs. Consider asking:
"Was the slope of the line positive or negative? Why does that makes sense in this situation?" (In this relationship, as one quantity increases the other must decrease in order to keep the sum
\(3x + 5y\)
constant.)
"What was your strategy for graphing the relationship?" (Plotting points from question 1, using the table, figuring out the intercepts and connecting the line)
"Why does it make sense for the graph to be only in quadrant I?" (You cannot purchase a negative amount of fish, so the
\(x\)
and
\(y\)
values cannot be negative.)
"How is this situation different from the apples and oranges problem in a previous lesson?" (Buying
\(\frac12\)
pound of fish is reasonable while buying
\(\frac12\)
of an apple probably is not. )
Briefly reiterate key concepts: If a point is not on the graph of the equation then it is not a solution. The ordered pairs that are solutions to the equation all make the equation true and are all found on the line that is the graph of the equation.
A discussion could also include the detail that orders that are less than
$
210 can also be considered to work, because there is money left over. That gives an opportunity to discuss the shape of the graph of
\(3x + 5y \le 210\)
.


correct_option_index: 5