few_shots: Example:
Problem/activity:
You’re mixing ingredients for cookies. The recipe says to combine 6 tablespoons, or ¾ stick, of butter with 1 cup of sugar. You accidentally mix in a whole stick of butter (8 tablespoons) with the cup of sugar. How can you fix this?


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Analyze proportional relationships and use them to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
B. Understand ratio concepts and use ratio reasoning to solve problems.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "This problem focuses on the ratio between two ingredients. Students do not have to analyze proportional relationships in-depth, which is reserved for a higher grade level, but rather use ratios to find missing values.",
  "answer": "B"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant mathematical concepts/skills it teaches.
shot_info: fl_problem_000972

6
options: Calculate expected values and use them to solve problems.

Summarize, represent, and interpret data on a single count or measurement variable.

Draw informal comparative inferences about two populations.

Investigate chance processes and develop, use, and evaluate probability models.

Make inferences and justify conclusions from sample surveys, experiments, and observational studies.

Use probability to evaluate outcomes of decisions.

Interpret linear models.

Investigate patterns of association in bivariate data.

Summarize and describe distributions.

Use random sampling to draw inferences about a population.

Summarize, represent, and interpret data on two categorical and quantitative variables.

Use the rules of probability to compute probabilities of compound events in a uniform probability model.

Develop understanding of statistical variability.

Understand independence and conditional probability and use them to interpret data.

Understand and evaluate random processes underlying statistical experiments.
problem_activity: Problem 1
Below is a dot plot of data showing the amount of time it takes students in Mr. S’s class to get to school.
Draw a line separating the upper half of the data and the lower half of the data.
Circle the median value.
Draw a line showing half of the upper half of the data and another showing half of the lower half of the data.
Estimate your box plot around the lines drawn in the dot plot.
[IMG]
Problem 2
The plot below shows the results of a survey of households about the number of dogs they have.
Identify the following statements as true or false. Explain your reasoning in each case.
[IMG]
The maximum number of dogs per house is 8.
At least
$${ \frac{1}{2} }$$
of the houses have 2 or more dogs.
All of the houses have dogs.
Half of the houses surveyed have between 2 and 4 dogs.
Most of the houses surveyed have no dogs.


correct_option_index: 1