few_shots: Example:
Problem/activity:
You’re mixing ingredients for cookies. The recipe says to combine 6 tablespoons, or ¾ stick, of butter with 1 cup of sugar. You accidentally mix in a whole stick of butter (8 tablespoons) with the cup of sugar. How can you fix this?


Topic options: 
A. Number & Operations - Fractions: students learn to understand fractions as numbers and may work with them using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
B. Functions: students learn to define, use, and evaluate functions to model relationships between quantities.
C. Number Systems and Quantity: students learn to understand the complex number system and reason quantitatively.
D. Ratios & Proportional Relationships: students learn to recognize, describe, represent, and reason with ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and percent.
E. Measurement & Data: students learn to work with data and measure attributes such as time, money, length, area, and volume. They may learn to compare measurements to operations and convert between different units of measure.
F. Modeling: students learn to choose and use appropriate mathematics and statistics to analyze real-world empirical situations, improve decisions, and report on their conclusions and the reasoning behind them.
G. Statistics & Probability: students learn to analyze and produce data distributions, and build understanding of univariate and bivariate data. They learn to interpret data, make statistical inferences, justify conclusions, understand rules of probability, and use probability to make decisions.
H. Geometry: students learn to classify geometric figures by their properties, and understand and compare the relationships between them. Students develop and use formulas to compute lengths, areas, and volumes, and they use transformations to generate new shapes and compare existing ones. Geometry can be studied with and without coordinates.
I. Number & Operations in Base Ten: students learn to work with the base-ten system and build place value understanding.
J. Operations & Algebra: students learn to solve problems using algebraic thinking and operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They may learn to identify and explain arithmetic patterns, evaluate or manipulate numerical expressions, and reason with equations and inequalities.
K. Counting & Cardinality: students learn to know number names and the count sequence, count to tell the number of objects, and compare numbers.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "This problem asks students to reason about ratios of butter amounts to sugar amounts.",
  "answer": "D"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant topics it teaches.
shot_info: fl_problem_000972

6
options: Functions: students learn to define, use, and evaluate functions to model relationships between quantities.

Number Systems and Quantity: students learn to understand the complex number system and reason quantitatively.

Number & Operations in Base Ten: students learn to work with the base-ten system and build place value understanding.

Geometry: students learn to classify geometric figures by their properties, and understand and compare the relationships between them. Students develop and use formulas to compute lengths, areas, and volumes, and they use transformations to generate new shapes and compare existing ones. Geometry can be studied with and without coordinates.

Operations & Algebra: students learn to solve problems using algebraic thinking and operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They may learn to identify and explain arithmetic patterns, evaluate or manipulate numerical expressions, and reason with equations and inequalities.

Ratios & Proportional Relationships: students learn to recognize, describe, represent, and reason with ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and percent.

Number & Operations - Fractions: students learn to understand fractions as numbers and may work with them using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Measurement & Data: students learn to work with data and measure attributes such as time, money, length, area, and volume. They may learn to compare measurements to operations and convert between different units of measure.

Statistics & Probability: students learn to analyze and produce data distributions, and build understanding of univariate and bivariate data. They learn to interpret data, make statistical inferences, justify conclusions, understand rules of probability, and use probability to make decisions.

Modeling: students learn to choose and use appropriate mathematics and statistics to analyze real-world empirical situations, improve decisions, and report on their conclusions and the reasoning behind them.

Counting & Cardinality: students learn to know number names and the count sequence, count to tell the number of objects, and compare numbers.
problem_activity: Narrative
The purpose of this activity is for students to practice rounding to the nearest ten and hundred in context. Students work with numbers from a previous lesson to estimate the total number of students in a school. They learn that how you round (to the nearest ten or hundred) can give different estimates for the same situation.
Launch
Groups of 2
“Let’s revisit the number of students in different areas in a school. We’re going to use rounding to help Andre and Lin make an estimate of the number of people in the whole school. Andre plans to round the numbers to the nearest hundred. Lin plans to round them to the nearest ten.”
“Make a prediction: Whose estimate is going to be greater? Be prepared to explain your reasoning.”
30 seconds: quiet think time
Share responses.
Activity
“Work with your partner to complete the table and the last problem.”
7–10 minutes: partner work time
Student Facing
The table shows the numbers of people in different parts of a school at noon during a school day.
Andre and Lin are trying to estimate the number of people in the whole school. Andre plans to round the numbers to the nearest hundred. Lin plans to round them to the nearest ten.
Make a prediction: Whose estimate is going to be greater? Explain your reasoning.
Work with a partner to find Andre and Lin’s estimates. Record them in the table. Then find the totals.
|  location  | number | Andre's estimate                       (nearest hundred) | Lin's estimate                       (nearest ten) |
|------------|--------|----------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|
| playground |   94   |                                                          |                                                    |
| cafeteria  |  163   |                                                          |                                                    |
|  art room  |   36   |                                                          |                                                    |
|  library   |   13   |                                                          |                                                    |
| classrooms |  216   |                                                          |                                                    |
| gymnasium  |  109   |                                                          |                                                    |
| music room |   52   |                                                          |                                                    |
|   total    |        |                                                          |                                                    |
Make two observations about the completed table. Was your prediction correct?
Student Response
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Activity Synthesis
Invite students to share their observations about the completed table, including whether it matched their predictions.
“When we are estimating a total, rounding to the nearest ten or the nearest hundred can give us different results. If you were rounding to estimate a total, would you round to the nearest ten or nearest hundred?” (The nearest ten because you get an estimate that’s closer to the total. The nearest hundred because multiples of 100 are easier to work with.)
“Keep these ideas in mind as you use rounding to estimate in future lessons.”


correct_option_index: 2