few_shots: Example:
Problem/activity:
Task
Cruz and Erica were both getting ready for soccer.
Cruz ran 1 lap around the school.
Erica ran 3 laps around the playground.
Erica said,
I ran more laps, so I ran farther.
Cruz said,
4 laps around the school is 1 mile, but it takes 12 laps around the playground to go 1 mile. My laps are much longer, so I ran farther.
Who is right? Draw a picture to help you explain your answer.


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Build fractions from unit fractions by applying and extending previous understandings of operations on whole numbers.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.
B. Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and ordering.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.
C. Use equivalent fractions as a strategy to add and subtract fractions.
D. Develop Understanding of fractions as numbers.
Grade 3 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8.
E. Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division to multiply and divide fractions.
F. Understand decimal notation for fractions, and compare decimal fractions.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "In this problem, students learn to recognize equivalent fractions. That is, three laps around the playground is 3/12 mile, which is equivalent to 1/4, which is one lap around the school.",
  "answer": "B"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant mathematical concepts/skills it teaches.
shot_info: im_task_000212

4
options: Develop understanding of statistical variability.

Understand independence and conditional probability and use them to interpret data.

Draw informal comparative inferences about two populations.

Summarize, represent, and interpret data on two categorical and quantitative variables.

Understand and evaluate random processes underlying statistical experiments.

Summarize, represent, and interpret data on a single count or measurement variable.

Use the rules of probability to compute probabilities of compound events in a uniform probability model.

Interpret linear models.

Make inferences and justify conclusions from sample surveys, experiments, and observational studies.

Use random sampling to draw inferences about a population.

Calculate expected values and use them to solve problems.

Investigate patterns of association in bivariate data.

Investigate chance processes and develop, use, and evaluate probability models.

Summarize and describe distributions.

Use probability to evaluate outcomes of decisions.
problem_activity: Task
Researchers have noticed that the number of golf courses and the number of divorcees in the United States are strongly correlated and both have been increasing over the last several decades.  Can you conclude that the increasing number of golf courses is causing the number of divorcees to increase?
Either justify why a causation can be inferred, or explain what might account for the correlation other than a causal relation.


correct_option_index: 7