few_shots: Example:
Problem/activity:
You’re mixing ingredients for cookies. The recipe says to combine 6 tablespoons, or ¾ stick, of butter with 1 cup of sugar. You accidentally mix in a whole stick of butter (8 tablespoons) with the cup of sugar. How can you fix this?


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Analyze proportional relationships and use them to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
B. Understand ratio concepts and use ratio reasoning to solve problems.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "This problem focuses on the ratio between two ingredients. Students do not have to analyze proportional relationships in-depth, which is reserved for a higher grade level, but rather use ratios to find missing values.",
  "answer": "B"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant mathematical concepts/skills it teaches.
shot_info: fl_problem_000972

6
options: Write and interpret numerical expressions.

Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations.

Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions.

Solve systems of equations.

Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic.

Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems.

Work with addition and subtraction equations.

Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division.

Add and subtract within 20.

Multiply and divide within 100.

Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Analyze patterns and relationships.

Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables.

Perform arithmetic operations on polynomials.

Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.

Understand solving equations as a process of reasoning and explain the reasoning.

Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

Generate and analyze patterns.

Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.

Represent and solve equations and inequalities graphically.

Use polynomial identities to solve problems.

Interpret the structure of expressions.

Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations.

Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division.

Solve equations and inequalities in one variable.

Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication.

Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.

Reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities.

Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations.

Create equations that describe numbers or relationships

Apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions.

Work with radicals and integer exponents.

Rewrite rational expressions.

Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems.
problem_activity: Narrative
The goal of this activity is to represent expressions as decompositions of a figure made of two non-overlapping right rectangular prisms. This gives students an opportunity to interpret parentheses in expressions while also checking their understanding of different ways to represent the volume of rectangular prism; namely, length times width times height and area of a base times the corresponding height.
Students work abstractly and quantitatively in this problem (MP2) as they relate abstract expressions to decompositions of figures composed of two rectangular prisms.
MLR7 Compare and Connect.
Invite students to think about details they can include that will help others understand their thinking. For example, specific language, using different colors, shading, arrows, labels, notes, diagrams or drawings. Give students time to investigate each others’ work. During the whole-class discussion, ask, “What kinds of details or language helped you understand your partner’s work?”
Advances: Representing, Conversing
Launch
Groups of 2
“Look at the first figure and think about how you might decompose it into 2 prisms.”
1 minute: quiet think time
“Now you will consider how different expressions can represent the volume of figures.”
Activity
5 minutes: independent work time
5 minutes: partner discussion time
Monitor for students who
use the numbers in the expressions to determine how to break up the figure
break up the figure and use this to identify the expressions.
Student Facing
Explain how each expression represents the volume of the figure. Show your thinking. Organize it so it can be followed by others.
\(((2 \times 3) \times4) + ((3 \times 3) \times 2)\)
\((5 \times 6) + (3 \times 4)\)
[IMG]
How does each expression represent the volume of the prism? Explain or show your thinking. Organize it so it can be followed by others.
\((5\times8\times6) + (5\times4\times9)\)
cubic inches
\((5\times4\times3) + (5\times12\times6)\)
cubic inches
[IMG]
Student Response
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Advancing Student Thinking
If students do not describe how the expressions represent the volume of the figure, show them part of the expression, the numbers inside the parentheses for example, and ask them to explain which part of the figure is represented.
Activity Synthesis
Invite students to share how the expressions for the first prism represent its volume.
“Why are there 3 factors in the expression
\((2 \times 3) \times 4)\)
but only 2 factors in the expression
\((5 \times 6)\)
?” (The 2, 3, and 4 are the length, width, and height of the prism in the back. The 5 is the height of the prism on bottom whose base area is 6.)
“In the expression
\((3 \times 3) \times 2\)
, what do the parentheses tell you?” (They tell me to first multiply 3 times 3, which gives me the area of the base, and then I multiply that by 2 to get the volume of the prism.)


correct_option_index: 0