few_shots: Example:
Problem/activity:
You’re mixing ingredients for cookies. The recipe says to combine 6 tablespoons, or ¾ stick, of butter with 1 cup of sugar. You accidentally mix in a whole stick of butter (8 tablespoons) with the cup of sugar. How can you fix this?


Topic options: 
A. Number & Operations - Fractions: students learn to understand fractions as numbers and may work with them using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
B. Functions: students learn to define, use, and evaluate functions to model relationships between quantities.
C. Number Systems and Quantity: students learn to understand the complex number system and reason quantitatively.
D. Ratios & Proportional Relationships: students learn to recognize, describe, represent, and reason with ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and percent.
E. Measurement & Data: students learn to work with data and measure attributes such as time, money, length, area, and volume. They may learn to compare measurements to operations and convert between different units of measure.
F. Modeling: students learn to choose and use appropriate mathematics and statistics to analyze real-world empirical situations, improve decisions, and report on their conclusions and the reasoning behind them.
G. Statistics & Probability: students learn to analyze and produce data distributions, and build understanding of univariate and bivariate data. They learn to interpret data, make statistical inferences, justify conclusions, understand rules of probability, and use probability to make decisions.
H. Geometry: students learn to classify geometric figures by their properties, and understand and compare the relationships between them. Students develop and use formulas to compute lengths, areas, and volumes, and they use transformations to generate new shapes and compare existing ones. Geometry can be studied with and without coordinates.
I. Number & Operations in Base Ten: students learn to work with the base-ten system and build place value understanding.
J. Operations & Algebra: students learn to solve problems using algebraic thinking and operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They may learn to identify and explain arithmetic patterns, evaluate or manipulate numerical expressions, and reason with equations and inequalities.
K. Counting & Cardinality: students learn to know number names and the count sequence, count to tell the number of objects, and compare numbers.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "This problem asks students to reason about ratios of butter amounts to sugar amounts.",
  "answer": "D"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant topics it teaches.
shot_info: fl_problem_000972

6
options: Counting & Cardinality: students learn to know number names and the count sequence, count to tell the number of objects, and compare numbers.

Number & Operations - Fractions: students learn to understand fractions as numbers and may work with them using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Ratios & Proportional Relationships: students learn to recognize, describe, represent, and reason with ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and percent.

Geometry: students learn to classify geometric figures by their properties, and understand and compare the relationships between them. Students develop and use formulas to compute lengths, areas, and volumes, and they use transformations to generate new shapes and compare existing ones. Geometry can be studied with and without coordinates.

Functions: students learn to define, use, and evaluate functions to model relationships between quantities.

Measurement & Data: students learn to work with data and measure attributes such as time, money, length, area, and volume. They may learn to compare measurements to operations and convert between different units of measure.

Number Systems and Quantity: students learn to understand the complex number system and reason quantitatively.

Modeling: students learn to choose and use appropriate mathematics and statistics to analyze real-world empirical situations, improve decisions, and report on their conclusions and the reasoning behind them.

Number & Operations in Base Ten: students learn to work with the base-ten system and build place value understanding.

Operations & Algebra: students learn to solve problems using algebraic thinking and operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They may learn to identify and explain arithmetic patterns, evaluate or manipulate numerical expressions, and reason with equations and inequalities.

Statistics & Probability: students learn to analyze and produce data distributions, and build understanding of univariate and bivariate data. They learn to interpret data, make statistical inferences, justify conclusions, understand rules of probability, and use probability to make decisions.
problem_activity: Warm-up
This warm-up prompts students to review the placement of the digits when subtracting decimal numbers using an efficient algorithm. The first question gives students a chance to think about how different placements of the 5 (the first number) affects the subtraction and the difference. It also gives insight to how students interpret the 5 and its value. For examples:
Would they place the decimal point directly after the 5?
When placing 5 above 7 (in the tenths place), do they see it as 5 ones or as 5 tenths?
Do they wonder if the 5 is missing a decimal point in the second and third case?
In the second and third questions, a context is introduced for the same subtraction. Notice how students interpret the problem now; the equivalence of 5 and 5.00 should become much more apparent in a money context. Identify a couple of students who have correct responses so they could share later.
Launch
Give students up to 1 minute to think about the first question and then ask them to share what they noticed and wondered. Then, give students 1 minute of quiet work time for the remaining questions and follow with a whole-class discussion.
Student Facing
Here are three ways to write a subtraction calculation. What do you notice? What do you wonder?
[IMG]
Clare bought a photo for 17 cents and paid with a
$
5 bill. Look at the previous question. Which way of writing the numbers could Clare use to find the change she should receive? Be prepared to explain how you know.
Find the amount of change that Clare should receive. Show your reasoning, and be prepared to explain how you calculate the difference of 0.17 and 5.
Student Response
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Activity Synthesis
Ask a few students to share which way they think Clare could write the calculation (in the second question) in order to find the amount of change. In this particular case, the first setup is the most conducive to correct computation, but there is not one correct answer. Students could find the answer with any one of the setups as long as they understand that the 5 represents
$
5.00. If any students choose the second or third setup because they can mentally subtract the values without lining them up by place values, invite them to share their reasoning. Ask if they would use the same strategy for dealing with longer decimals (e.g.,
\(5.23 - 0.4879\)
) and, if not, what approach might be more conducive to correct calculation in those cases.
Encourage more students to be involved in the conversation by asking questions such as:
“Do you agree or disagree? Why?”
“Can anyone explain ___’s reasoning in their own words?”
“What is important for us to think about when subtracting this way?”
“How could we have solved this problem mentally?”


correct_option_index: 6