few_shots: Example:
Problem/activity:
Problem 1
Solve using the standard algorithm. If you get stuck, use an area model and/or the partial products algorithm to help. Then assess the reasonableness of your answer.
a.
$$5,803\times46$$
b.
$$63\times2,116$$
Problem 2
Dunkin' introduced a croissant doughnut in 2014. In the first three months of its debut, they sold 7,870 dozen of them per day. How many croissant doughnuts were sold in the first three months?


Topic options: 
A. Number & Operations - Fractions: students learn to understand fractions as numbers and may work with them using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
B. Operations & Algebra: students learn to solve problems using algebraic thinking and operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They may learn to identify and explain arithmetic patterns, evaluate or manipulate numerical expressions, and reason with equations and inequalities.
C. Modeling: students learn to choose and use appropriate mathematics and statistics to analyze real-world empirical situations, improve decisions, and report on their conclusions and the reasoning behind them.
D. Number & Operations in Base Ten: students learn to work with the base-ten system and build place value understanding.
E. Ratios & Proportional Relationships: students learn to recognize, describe, represent, and reason with ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and percent.
F. Number Systems and Quantity: students learn to understand the complex number system and reason quantitatively.
G. Counting & Cardinality: students learn to know number names and the count sequence, count to tell the number of objects, and compare numbers.
H. Measurement & Data: students learn to work with data and measure attributes such as time, money, length, area, and volume. They may learn to compare measurements to operations and convert between different units of measure.
I. Geometry: students learn to classify geometric figures by their properties, and understand and compare the relationships between them. Students develop and use formulas to compute lengths, areas, and volumes, and they use transformations to generate new shapes and compare existing ones. Geometry can be studied with and without coordinates.
J. Functions: students learn to define, use, and evaluate functions to model relationships between quantities.
K. Statistics & Probability: students learn to analyze and produce data distributions, and build understanding of univariate and bivariate data. They learn to interpret data, make statistical inferences, justify conclusions, understand rules of probability, and use probability to make decisions.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "This set of problems involves performing operations, specifically multiplication, on multi-digit whole numbers in base ten.",
  "answer": "D"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant topics it teaches.
shot_info: fl_problem_000674

5
options: Number & Operations in Base Ten: students learn to work with the base-ten system and build place value understanding.

Operations & Algebra: students learn to solve problems using algebraic thinking and operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They may learn to identify and explain arithmetic patterns, evaluate or manipulate numerical expressions, and reason with equations and inequalities.

Geometry: students learn to classify geometric figures by their properties, and understand and compare the relationships between them. Students develop and use formulas to compute lengths, areas, and volumes, and they use transformations to generate new shapes and compare existing ones. Geometry can be studied with and without coordinates.

Ratios & Proportional Relationships: students learn to recognize, describe, represent, and reason with ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and percent.

Number Systems and Quantity: students learn to understand the complex number system and reason quantitatively.

Modeling: students learn to choose and use appropriate mathematics and statistics to analyze real-world empirical situations, improve decisions, and report on their conclusions and the reasoning behind them.

Functions: students learn to define, use, and evaluate functions to model relationships between quantities.

Counting & Cardinality: students learn to know number names and the count sequence, count to tell the number of objects, and compare numbers.

Number & Operations - Fractions: students learn to understand fractions as numbers and may work with them using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Measurement & Data: students learn to work with data and measure attributes such as time, money, length, area, and volume. They may learn to compare measurements to operations and convert between different units of measure.

Statistics & Probability: students learn to analyze and produce data distributions, and build understanding of univariate and bivariate data. They learn to interpret data, make statistical inferences, justify conclusions, understand rules of probability, and use probability to make decisions.
problem_activity: Narrative
The purpose of this activity is for students to build any object they want to. In the next activity, students focus only ;on rectangular prisms. As students count, they will need to make sure to count each cube once and only once. Monitor for these strategies:
Touch each cube as it is counted
Count the cubes by layer (including when there are different numbers of cubes in each layer)
Use addition or multiplication when the cubes are organized in layers
Required Preparation
Each group of 2 needs 24 connecting cubes.
Launch
Groups of  2
Give 24 connecting cubes to each group.
“In this activity, you will use unit cubes to build objects and describe how you would measure the volume.”
10 minutes: partner work time
Activity
As students work, monitor for students who build rectangular prisms to share during the synthesis.
Student Facing
Partner A: Build an object using 8–12 cubes and give the object to Partner B.
Partner B: Explain how you would count the number of cubes in the object.
Partner A: Explain if you would count the cubes in the same way or in a different way.
Switch roles and repeat.
Which objects were easiest to count? Why?
[IMG]
Student Response
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for free access to Student Response.
Advancing Student Thinking
If students are counting all of the cubes one at a time, ask, “where do you see cubes that could be counted as a group?”
Activity Synthesis
Discuss responses to the last problem.
“Which objects were most challenging to count?” (Objects where I had to count each individual cube because it was a weird shape.)
“Which objects were the simplest to count?” (Organized shapes like towers, rectangles, cubes, or boxes.)
Invite selected students to share the rectangular prisms they built and how they counted the number of cubes.
“How did you count the cubes?” (I knew that there were 4 cubes in each layer and 2 layers so that’s 8 cubes.)
“We call these objects
rectangular prisms
. What were some ways you used to count the cubes in rectangular prisms?” (I counted the cubes in groups and then skip counted. I used multiplication to find the total.)


correct_option_index: 9