options: Interpret multiplication as scaling (resizing), by:
- Explaining why multiplying a given number by a fraction greater than 1 results in a product greater than the given number (recognizing multiplication by whole numbers greater than 1 as a familiar case); explaining why multiplying a given number by a fraction less than 1 results in a product smaller than the given number; and relating the principle of fraction equivalence a/b = (n×a)/(n×b) to the effect of multiplying a/b by 1.
- Comparing the size of a product to the size of one factor on the basis of the size of the other factor, without performing the indicated multiplication.

Apply and extend previous understandings of division to divide unit fractions by whole numbers and whole numbers by unit fractions. (Students able to multiply fractions in general can develop strategies to divide fractions in general, by reasoning about the relationship between multiplication and division. But division of a fraction by a fraction is not a requirement at this grade.)

Interpret a fraction as division of the numerator by the denominator (a/b = a ÷ b). Solve word problems involving division of whole numbers leading to answers in the form of fractions or mixed numbers, e.g., by using visual fraction models or equations to represent the problem. For example, interpret 3/4 as the result of dividing 3 by 4, noting that 3/4 multiplied by 4 equals 3, and that when 3 wholes are shared equally among 4 people each person has a share of size 3/4. If 9 people want to share a 50-pound sack of rice equally by weight, how many pounds of rice should each person get? Between what two whole numbers does your answer lie?

Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication to multiply a fraction or whole number by a fraction.

Solve real world problems involving multiplication of fractions and mixed numbers, e.g., by using visual fraction models or equations to represent the problem.
problem_activity: Problem 1
__________ graham crackers are shared equally by __________ people.
a.   Choose numbers to fill in the blanks. You can only use each number once: 2, 3, 5.
b.   Represent the situation with a diagram or drawing.
c.   Explain or show how you know that each person will get the same amount of graham cracker.
Problem 2
Han’s work shows how 3 people could equally share 2 graham crackers.
[IMG]
a.   How do you know that each person gets about the same amount of graham cracker? Explain or show your thinking. Organize it so it can be followed by others.
b.   Draw a diagram to show a different way that 3 people could share 2 graham crackers so each person got about the same amount of graham cracker.
Problem 3
a.   Using the set of cards (cut out from
Template: Equal Shares
), match each representation with a situation and expression. Some situations and expressions will have more than one matching representation.
b.   Choose one set of matched cards.
Show or explain how the diagram(s) and expression represent the number of sandwiches being shared.
Show or explain how the diagram(s) and expression represent the number of people sharing the sandwiches.
How much sandwich does each person get in the situation?


correct_option_index: 2