few_shots: Example 1:
Problem/activity:
Task
Materials
One 10-frame per pair of students (see example below)
[IMG]
Counters, 10 per pair of students
Decks of number cards 0-5 (with 4 of each number) or two 0-5 dice
Setup
This activity is done in pairs. The students sit side by side with 10-frame and deck of cards or dice. If they have cards, the cards are shuffled and placed face down in front of them.
Action
Player 1 flips a card or rolls the die. They place that many counters on the 10-frame. Player 2 flips a card or rolls the die. They place that many more counters on the 10-frame next to the counters already on the ten frame. The students count the total together.
A recording sheet can be added when the students have been introduced to equations and number sentences. For those students who can handle higher numbers, a deck of 0-10 cards and two 10-frames can be used.
This game can also be played alone.


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Write and interpret numerical expressions.
B. Generate and analyze patterns.
C. Analyze patterns and relationships.
D. Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions.
E. Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems.
F. Work with radicals and integer exponents.
G. Solve systems of equations.
H. Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division.
I. Perform arithmetic operations on polynomials.
J. Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.
K. Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division.
L. Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations.
M. Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic.
N. Use polynomial identities to solve problems.
O. Apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions.
P. Rewrite rational expressions.
Q. Interpret the structure of expressions.
R. Add and subtract within 20.
S. Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations.
T. Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables.
U. Solve equations and inequalities in one variable.
V. Create equations that describe numbers or relationships
W. Reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities.
X. Represent and solve equations and inequalities graphically.
Y. Understand solving equations as a process of reasoning and explain the reasoning.
Z. Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.
AA. Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.
AB. Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.
AC. Work with addition and subtraction equations.
AD. Multiply and divide within 100.
AE. Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication.
AF. Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.
AG. Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems.
AH. Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "This task teaches students to understand addition as putting together counters, or adding to already placed counters.",
  "answer": "AB"
}

Example 2:
Problem/activity:
Task
 Arrange the fractions in order from least to greatest. Explain your answer with a picture.
 $\frac{1}{5}, \frac{1}{7}, \frac{1}{3} $
 $\frac{2}{5}, \frac{2}{7}, \frac{2}{3} $
 $\frac{5}{6}, \frac{3}{6}, \frac{1}{6} $
 $\frac{5}{12}, \frac{8}{12}, \frac{4}{12} $

Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Build fractions from unit fractions by applying and extending previous understandings of operations on whole numbers.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.
B. Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and ordering.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.
C. Use equivalent fractions as a strategy to add and subtract fractions.
D. Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division to multiply and divide fractions.
E. Understand decimal notation for fractions, and compare decimal fractions.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.
F. Develop Understanding of fractions as numbers.
Grade 3 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "This problem involves understanding fractions as numbers by comparing their quantities.",
  "answer": "F"
}

Example 3:
Problem/activity:
Problem 1
Solve using the standard algorithm. If you get stuck, use an area model and/or the partial products algorithm to help. Then assess the reasonableness of your answer.
a.
$$5,803\times46$$
b.
$$63\times2,116$$
Problem 2
Dunkin' introduced a croissant doughnut in 2014. In the first three months of its debut, they sold 7,870 dozen of them per day. How many croissant doughnuts were sold in the first three months?


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic. (A range of algorithms may be used.)
B. Understand place value.
C. Understand the place value system.
D. Extend the counting sequence.
E. Work with numbers 11–19 to gain foundations for place value.
F. Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to whole numbers less than or equal to 1,000,000.
G. Perform operations with multi-digit whole numbers and with decimals to hundredths.
H. Generalize place value understanding for multi-digit whole numbers.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to whole numbers less than or equal to 1,000,000.
I. Use place value understanding and properties of operations to add and subtract.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "This set of problems asks students to perform multiplication, which is an operation, on multi-digit whole numbers.",
  "answer": "G"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant mathematical concepts/skills it teaches.
shot_info: im_task_001477

K

im_task_000157

3

fl_problem_000674

5
options: Solve systems of equations.

Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations.

Use polynomial identities to solve problems.

Add and subtract within 20.

Reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities.

Work with radicals and integer exponents.

Represent and solve equations and inequalities graphically.

Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.

Interpret the structure of expressions.

Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.

Perform arithmetic operations on polynomials.

Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations.

Write and interpret numerical expressions.

Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables.

Understand solving equations as a process of reasoning and explain the reasoning.

Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division.

Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions.

Create equations that describe numbers or relationships

Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems.

Apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions.

Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.

Analyze patterns and relationships.

Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems.

Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic.

Solve equations and inequalities in one variable.

Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division.

Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Work with addition and subtraction equations.

Rewrite rational expressions.

Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations.

Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication.

Generate and analyze patterns.

Multiply and divide within 100.
problem_activity: Narrative
The purpose of this activity is for students to decompose 6 into 2 parts. Students see that the total number of cubes remains the same when it is decomposed into 2 parts. Although students may notice that they can do this in different ways, that idea is not the focus until the next activity.
MLR8 Discussion Supports.
Display and encourage students to use the following sentence frames: “I have _____ cubes in my hand”, “I have _____ cubes on my desk,” and “I have _____ cubes altogether.”
Advances: Speaking, Reading, Representing
Required Materials
Materials to Gather
Connecting cubes
Required Preparation
Each student needs 6 connecting cubes.
Launch
Groups of 2
Give each student 6 connecting cubes.
Activity
“You have 6 cubes. Put some of the cubes in your hand and some on your desk.”
30 seconds: independent work time
“Tell your partner how many cubes are in your hand. Show them the cubes.”
“Tell your partner how many cubes are on your desk. Show them the cubes.”
“Tell your partner how many cubes you have altogether.”
Student Response
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Activity Synthesis
Invite a student to share.
“How many cubes did you have in your hand? How many cubes were on your desk?”
Write an expression to represent the parts.
“How many cubes did you have in all?” (6)
“The total number of cubes stays the same when we break them up into 2 parts.”


correct_option_index: 9