few_shots: Example:
Problem/activity:
For each pair of numbers, determine if the values are equivalent. Explain your reasoning for each one.
a.
$$-0.25$$
and
$$\frac{1}{-4}$$
b.
$$-\left ( \frac{1}{4} \right )$$
and
$$\frac{-1}{-4}$$
c.
$$\frac{-1}{4}$$
and
$$-\frac{1}{4}$$


Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Apply and extend previous understandings of operations with fractions to add, subtract, multiply, and divide rational numbers.
B. Reason quantitatively and use units to solve problems.
C. Apply and extend previous understandings of numbers to the system of rational numbers.
D. Represent complex numbers and their operations on the complex plane.
E. Perform arithmetic operations with complex numbers.
F. Compute fluently with multi-digit numbers and find common factors and multiples.
G. Represent and model with vector quantities.
H. Perform operations on vectors.
I. Use properties of rational and irrational numbers.
J. Use complex numbers in polynomial identities and equations.
K. Extend the properties of exponents to rational exponents.
L. Know that there are numbers that are not rational, and approximate them by rational numbers.
M. Perform operations on matrices and use matrices in applications.
N. Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division to divide fractions by fractions.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "This problem involves understanding fractions, multiplication, and division.",
  "answer": "A"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant mathematical concepts/skills it teaches.
shot_info: fl_problem_001097

7
options: Develop understanding of statistical variability.

Understand independence and conditional probability and use them to interpret data.

Investigate patterns of association in bivariate data.

Make inferences and justify conclusions from sample surveys, experiments, and observational studies.

Use random sampling to draw inferences about a population.

Interpret linear models.

Understand and evaluate random processes underlying statistical experiments.

Summarize and describe distributions.

Calculate expected values and use them to solve problems.

Summarize, represent, and interpret data on two categorical and quantitative variables.

Use probability to evaluate outcomes of decisions.

Investigate chance processes and develop, use, and evaluate probability models.

Draw informal comparative inferences about two populations.

Use the rules of probability to compute probabilities of compound events in a uniform probability model.

Summarize, represent, and interpret data on a single count or measurement variable.
problem_activity: Warm-up
The purpose of an Estimation warm-up is to practice the skill of estimating a reasonable answer based on experience and known information, and also help students develop a deeper understanding of the meaning of standard units of measure. It gives students a low-stakes opportunity to share a mathematical claim and the thinking behind it (MP3). Asking yourself, “Does this make sense?” is a component of making sense of problems (MP1), and making an estimate or a range of reasonable answers with incomplete information is part of modeling with mathematics (MP4).
Launch
Display the image for all to see. Ask students to silently think of a number they are sure is too low, a number they are sure is too high, and a number that is about right, and write these down. Then, write a short explanation for the reasoning behind their estimate.
Student Facing
[IMG]
The book in the center is 276 pages long. What is the mean number of pages of the 3 books?
Record an estimate that is:
{"table": [{"_attributes": {"border": "1"}, "thead": [{"tr": [{"th": [{"_attributes": {"scope": "col"}, "_value": "too low"}, {"_attributes": {"scope": "col"}, "_value": "about right"}, {"_attributes": {"scope": "col"}, "_value": "too high"}]}]}], "tbody": [{"tr": [{"td": [{}, {}, {}]}]}]}]}
Explain your reasoning.
Student Response
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Activity Synthesis
Select a few students to share their estimate and their reasoning. If a student is reluctant to commit to an estimate, ask for a range of values. Display these for all to see in an ordered list or on a number line. Add the least and greatest estimate to the display by asking, “Is anyone’s estimate less than
\(\underline{\hspace{.5in}}\)
? Is anyone’s estimate greater than
\(\underline{\hspace{.5in}}\)
?” If time allows, ask students, “Based on this discussion, does anyone want to revise their estimate?”
Then, reveal the actual value and add it to the display. The books are 830, 276, and 32 pages long, so the average number of pages in the books is about 379 pages. Ask students how accurate their estimates were, as a class.
“Is the actual value inside the range of values?”
“Is 379 near the middle of the estimates?”
“How variable are the estimates?”
“What are the sources of errors?”
Consider developing a method to record a snapshot of the estimates and actual value so students can track their progress as estimators over time.


correct_option_index: 0