few_shots: Example:
Problem/activity:
Task
 Arrange the fractions in order from least to greatest. Explain your answer with a picture.
 $\frac{1}{5}, \frac{1}{7}, \frac{1}{3} $
 $\frac{2}{5}, \frac{2}{7}, \frac{2}{3} $
 $\frac{5}{6}, \frac{3}{6}, \frac{1}{6} $
 $\frac{5}{12}, \frac{8}{12}, \frac{4}{12} $

Mathematical concept/skill options: 
A. Build fractions from unit fractions by applying and extending previous understandings of operations on whole numbers.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.
B. Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and ordering.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.
C. Use equivalent fractions as a strategy to add and subtract fractions.
D. Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division to multiply and divide fractions.
E. Understand decimal notation for fractions, and compare decimal fractions.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.
F. Develop Understanding of fractions as numbers.
Grade 3 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "This problem involves understanding fractions as numbers by comparing their quantities.",
  "answer": "F"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant mathematical concepts/skills it teaches.
shot_info: im_task_000157

3
options: Rewrite rational expressions.

Apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions.

Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables.

Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division.

Generate and analyze patterns.

Work with radicals and integer exponents.

Use polynomial identities to solve problems.

Represent and solve equations and inequalities graphically.

Solve equations and inequalities in one variable.

Add and subtract within 20.

Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions.

Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations.

Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.

Reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities.

Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations.

Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations.

Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division.

Create equations that describe numbers or relationships

Perform arithmetic operations on polynomials.

Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

Solve systems of equations.

Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic.

Interpret the structure of expressions.

Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems.

Understand solving equations as a process of reasoning and explain the reasoning.

Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems.

Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication.

Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.

Analyze patterns and relationships.

Write and interpret numerical expressions.

Multiply and divide within 100.

Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.

Work with addition and subtraction equations.
problem_activity: Activity
This activity revisits a polynomial students first encountered in an earlier lesson in this unit, relating the polynomials to the integers. The purpose of this activity is to make clear that technology allows us to identify solutions to equations that can be tedious to do by hand. The last question reinforces this point by asking students to write their own polynomial and find the
\(x\)
value that corresponds to a certain output, since they will need to estimate the solution from a graph.
The question about possible factors is meant to preview the work of the next several lessons in which students will identify factors of polynomial expressions written in standard form and eventually show that for a polynomial
\(p(x)\)
, if
\(p(a)=0\)
, then
\((x-a)\)
is a factor of
\(p(x)\)
.
Launch
Display functions
\(p\)
and
\(q\)
for all to see. Ask, “Without using a graphing calculator, what is the most points of intersection the two functions could have? The least?” Encourage students to make sketches to justify that 3 is the most and 1 is the least.
Provide access to devices that can run Desmos or other graphing technology.
Speaking, Reading: MLR5 Co-Craft Questions.
Use this routine to spark students’ curiosity about a polynomial written in standard form. Display only the first sentence of this problem (“Consider the functions . . . .”) and ask students to write down possible mathematical questions that could be asked about the situation. Invite students to compare their questions before revealing the activity’s questions. Listen for and amplify any questions involving visualizing the graph, points of intersection, or possible factors. This will help students create the language of mathematical questions before feeling pressure to produce solutions.
Design Principle(s): Maximize meta-awareness; Support sense-making
Engagement: Develop Effort and Persistence.
Connect a new concept to one with which students have experienced success. For example, to help students see how questions 1 and 2 are related, ask them to find the solutions for an equation such as
\(x^2-4=12\)
. Then, invite them to briefly reflect on the steps used. Next, ask them what they would do differently if they were told to find the
\(x\)
-values where two functions
\(f(x)= x^2-4\)
and
\(g(x)=12\)
intersect. Ask students to notice what elements were similar in each process.
Supports accessibility for: Social-emotional skills; Conceptual processing
Student Facing
Consider the functions
\(p(x) = 5x^3+6x^2+4x\)
and
\(q(x) = 5640\)
.
Use graphing technology to find a value of
\(x\)
that makes
\(p(x)=q(x)\)
true.
For the
\(x\)
-value at the point of intersection, what can you say about the value of
\(5x^3+6x^2+4x-5640\)
?
What does your answer suggest is a possible factor of
\(5x^3+6x^2+4x-5640\)
?
Write your own polynomial
\(m(x)\)
of degree 3 or higher.
Use graphing technology to estimate the values of
\(x\)
that make
\(m(x)= q(x)\)
true.
Student Response
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for free access to Student Response.
Anticipated Misconceptions
If students have trouble using the value of
\(5x^3+6x^2+4x-5640\)
at the
\(x\)
-value where the functions intersect to find a possible factor of
\(5x^3+6x^2+4x-5640\)
, encourage them to think about the relationship between factors of an expression and
\(x\)
-values for which the value of the expression is 0.
Activity Synthesis
The goal of this discussion is for students to see how to use technology to answer an algebraic question involving a higher degree polynomial. Invite students to share the polynomial
\(m(x)\)
that they wrote. If possible, display several versions of
\(m(x)\)
for all to see, and use the graph to estimate the
\(x\)
-values where
\(m(x)=q(x)\)
. If this is not possible, ask students to share the solutions they estimated. Students should understand that not all polynomials can be factored by hand, and that technology is a valuable tool for helping us interpret such polynomials.
Then ask students to suggest possible factors of
\(5x^3+6x^2+4x-5640\)
. After a few suggestions, ask students how they could prove something is a factor. It is important that students understand that for now, the only way to prove something like
\((x-10)\)
is a factor of
\(5x^3+6x^2+4x-5640\)
is to find the quadratic function that satisfies
\(5x^3+6x^2+4x-5640=(x-10)(ax^2+bx+c)\)
, where
\(a\)
,
\(b\)
, and
\(c\)
are real numbers. Tell students that the next lessons are about how to do this.


correct_option_index: 7