few_shots: Example:
Problem/activity:
Task
Cruz and Erica were both getting ready for soccer.
Cruz ran 1 lap around the school.
Erica ran 3 laps around the playground.
Erica said,
I ran more laps, so I ran farther.
Cruz said,
4 laps around the school is 1 mile, but it takes 12 laps around the playground to go 1 mile. My laps are much longer, so I ran farther.
Who is right? Draw a picture to help you explain your answer.


Topic options: 
A. Modeling: students learn to choose and use appropriate mathematics and statistics to analyze real-world empirical situations, improve decisions, and report on their conclusions and the reasoning behind them.
B. Measurement & Data: students learn to work with data and measure attributes such as time, money, length, area, and volume. They may learn to compare measurements to operations and convert between different units of measure.
C. Number Systems and Quantity: students learn to understand the complex number system and reason quantitatively.
D. Number & Operations - Fractions: students learn to understand fractions as numbers and may work with them using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
E. Geometry: students learn to classify geometric figures by their properties, and understand and compare the relationships between them. Students develop and use formulas to compute lengths, areas, and volumes, and they use transformations to generate new shapes and compare existing ones. Geometry can be studied with and without coordinates.
F. Number & Operations in Base Ten: students learn to work with the base-ten system and build place value understanding.
G. Statistics & Probability: students learn to analyze and produce data distributions, and build understanding of univariate and bivariate data. They learn to interpret data, make statistical inferences, justify conclusions, understand rules of probability, and use probability to make decisions.
H. Ratios & Proportional Relationships: students learn to recognize, describe, represent, and reason with ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and percent.
I. Counting & Cardinality: students learn to know number names and the count sequence, count to tell the number of objects, and compare numbers.
J. Functions: students learn to define, use, and evaluate functions to model relationships between quantities.
K. Operations & Algebra: students learn to solve problems using algebraic thinking and operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They may learn to identify and explain arithmetic patterns, evaluate or manipulate numerical expressions, and reason with equations and inequalities.


Your response, in json format:
{
  "explanation": "In this problem, students learn to recognize equivalent fractions. Each lap around the school is 1/4 mile, while each lap around the playground is 1/12 mile. Three laps around the playground is 3/12 mile, which is equivalent to 1/4.",
  "answer": "D"
}

Now, assign the following problem or activity to one or more relevant topics it teaches.
shot_info: im_task_000212

4
options: Counting & Cardinality: students learn to know number names and the count sequence, count to tell the number of objects, and compare numbers.

Statistics & Probability: students learn to analyze and produce data distributions, and build understanding of univariate and bivariate data. They learn to interpret data, make statistical inferences, justify conclusions, understand rules of probability, and use probability to make decisions.

Operations & Algebra: students learn to solve problems using algebraic thinking and operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They may learn to identify and explain arithmetic patterns, evaluate or manipulate numerical expressions, and reason with equations and inequalities.

Ratios & Proportional Relationships: students learn to recognize, describe, represent, and reason with ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and percent.

Modeling: students learn to choose and use appropriate mathematics and statistics to analyze real-world empirical situations, improve decisions, and report on their conclusions and the reasoning behind them.

Number & Operations - Fractions: students learn to understand fractions as numbers and may work with them using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Functions: students learn to define, use, and evaluate functions to model relationships between quantities.

Number & Operations in Base Ten: students learn to work with the base-ten system and build place value understanding.

Measurement & Data: students learn to work with data and measure attributes such as time, money, length, area, and volume. They may learn to compare measurements to operations and convert between different units of measure.

Number Systems and Quantity: students learn to understand the complex number system and reason quantitatively.

Geometry: students learn to classify geometric figures by their properties, and understand and compare the relationships between them. Students develop and use formulas to compute lengths, areas, and volumes, and they use transformations to generate new shapes and compare existing ones. Geometry can be studied with and without coordinates.
problem_activity: Narrative
The purpose of this activity is for students to think about different activities they might participate in during free time, to define a smaller set of categories, and to collect data. A significant part of this activity is the definition of the categories, which is an important aspect of mathematical modeling (MP4). Encourage students to convert the time for their activities from minutes to hours. Students may notice that some fractions are more meaningful in the context of time such as half, third, and quarter of an hour. Students will further explore the relationship between time and fractions in the activity synthesis.
If a student sees that a specific activity is not on the poster, have them consider if there is an umbrella activity. For example, “What category, that is on a poster, might talking to your friends go under?”
Engagement: Develop Effort and Persistence.
Invite students to generate a list of shared expectations for group work. Record responses on a display and keep visible during the activity.
Supports accessibility for: Social-Emotional Functioning, Attention
Launch
Groups of 4
“What are some things you do or like to do if you have free time on the weekend?” (sleep, play video games, play sports, spend time with family, social media, read, go to the movies)
Activity
“For this activity, you’ll think about how you might spend 2 hours of free time and then we’ll record the time we spend for some of those activities.”
“As you work, I will write down the different categories of your responses on the posters hanging around the room. You will record your times on the posters.”
As students work, monitor for 4–6 popular activities and write the titles of these activities on the large pieces of poster paper. If necessary, list some examples of the umbrella category.
8–10 minutes: independent work time
Monitor for students who record using multiples of
\(\frac{1}{2}\)
,
\(\frac{1}{4}\)
, and
\(\frac{1}{8}\)
of an hour.
Student Facing
Imagine on the weekend you have 2 hours of free time that you can spend any way you like.
How would you spend it? Record your answer in fractions of an hour. Show your reasoning.
Record the time for each activity from your list on the appropriate poster, if there is a category for it.
Student Response
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Activity Synthesis
“Look at the data of the different categories around the room. What do you notice?” (Most people recorded using halves and fourths. More students play games than read books. There is more data on one poster than on another. There are more small numbers on one poster, it’s hard to compare because there are so many numbers and they are not in any order.)
If it doesn’t come up, ask, “Why did most people record time as multiples of
\(\frac{1}{2}\)
and
\(\frac{1}{4}\)
?” (Because half of 60 minutes is 30 and half of that is 15. I can easily see that on the clock.)
“Does it make sense to talk about time using
\(\frac{1}{8}\)
or
\(\frac{1}{7}\)
of an hour?” (Yes but it’s not a whole number of minutes like
\(\frac{1}{2}\)
hour or
\(\frac{1}{4}\)
hour.)
“What are some ways we can organize the data?” (Bar graph, line plot, chart, list the numbers in order.)


correct_option_index: 5