options: Functions: students learn to define, use, and evaluate functions to model relationships between quantities.

Counting & Cardinality: students learn to know number names and the count sequence, count to tell the number of objects, and compare numbers.

Number & Operations - Fractions: students learn to understand fractions as numbers and may work with them using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Statistics & Probability: students learn to analyze and produce data distributions, and build understanding of univariate and bivariate data. They learn to interpret data, make statistical inferences, justify conclusions, understand rules of probability, and use probability to make decisions.

Measurement & Data: students learn to work with data and measure attributes such as time, money, length, area, and volume. They may learn to compare measurements to operations and convert between different units of measure.

Modeling: students learn to choose and use appropriate mathematics and statistics to analyze real-world empirical situations, improve decisions, and report on their conclusions and the reasoning behind them.

Operations & Algebra: students learn to solve problems using algebraic thinking and operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They may learn to identify and explain arithmetic patterns, evaluate or manipulate numerical expressions, and reason with equations and inequalities.

Number Systems and Quantity: students learn to understand the complex number system and reason quantitatively.

Number & Operations in Base Ten: students learn to work with the base-ten system and build place value understanding.

Ratios & Proportional Relationships: students learn to recognize, describe, represent, and reason with ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and percent.

Geometry: students learn to classify geometric figures by their properties, and understand and compare the relationships between them. Students develop and use formulas to compute lengths, areas, and volumes, and they use transformations to generate new shapes and compare existing ones. Geometry can be studied with and without coordinates.
problem_activity: Activity
Students learn that we can still organize our work with the distributive property in a familiar way, even with negative numbers where thinking in terms of area breaks down.
Launch
Display the image and ask students to write an expression for the area of the big rectangle in at least 3 different ways.
[IMG]
Collect responses. If students simply say “16,” ask them to explain how they calculated 16 and record these processes for all to see. Remind students that thinking about area gives us a way to understand the distributive property. This diagram can be used to show that
\(2\boldcdot 5+2\boldcdot 3=2(5+3)\)
. Be sure that students see you write the partial products in the diagram, and that they see every piece of the associated identity
\(2\boldcdot 5+2\boldcdot 3=2(5+3)\)
.
[IMG]
Tell students that when we are working with negative numbers, thinking about area doesn’t work so well, but the distributive property still holds when there are negative numbers. The expressions involved still have the same structure, and we can still organize our work the same way.
Representation: Internalize Comprehension.
Differentiate the degree of difficulty or complexity by beginning with an example with more accessible values, such as the one given. Highlight connections between representations by recording the calculations in the boxes. In addition, consider creating a display showing a general example using only variables and keeping it as a reference throughout the remainder of the unit.
Supports accessibility for: Conceptual processing
Student Facing
Write two expressions for the area of the big rectangle.
[IMG]
Use the distributive property to write an expression that is equivalent to
\(\frac12(8y + \text-x + \text-12)\)
. The boxes can help you organize your work.
[IMG]
Use the distributive property to write an expression that is equivalent to
\(\frac12(8y - x - 12)\)
.
Student Response
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Student Facing
Are you ready for more?
Here is a calendar for April 2017.
[IMG]
Let's choose a date: the 10th. Look at the numbers above, below, and to either side of the 10th: 3, 17, 9, 11.
Average these four numbers. What do you notice?
Choose a different date that is in a location where it has a date above, below, and to either side. Average these four numbers. What do you notice?
Explain why the same thing will happen for any date in a location where it has a date above, below, and to either side.
Student Response
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for free access to Extension Student Response.
Activity Synthesis
Solicit responses to the second question and demonstrate thinking about one product at a time:
[IMG]
Then ask students to share how they approached the last question. Highlight responses where students noticed that
\(\frac12(8y - x - 12)\)
can be rewritten like
\(\frac12(8y + -x + -12)\)
(because of what they talked about in the warm-up). So the two questions have the same answer.
Speaking, Representing: MLR7 Compare and Connect.
Use this routine when students present their expressions. Ask students “What is the same and what is different?” about the approaches and representations involving subtraction with the distributive property. Help students connect how the expressions that have a subtraction operation are equivalent to expressions that add its additive inverse. These exchanges strengthen students’ mathematical language use and reasoning with the distributive property and the subtraction operation.
Design Principle(s): Maximize meta-awareness


correct_option_index: 6