options: Functions: students learn to define, use, and evaluate functions to model relationships between quantities.

Modeling: students learn to choose and use appropriate mathematics and statistics to analyze real-world empirical situations, improve decisions, and report on their conclusions and the reasoning behind them.

Operations & Algebra: students learn to solve problems using algebraic thinking and operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They may learn to identify and explain arithmetic patterns, evaluate or manipulate numerical expressions, and reason with equations and inequalities.

Number & Operations - Fractions: students learn to understand fractions as numbers and may work with them using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Counting & Cardinality: students learn to know number names and the count sequence, count to tell the number of objects, and compare numbers.

Number Systems and Quantity: students learn to understand the complex number system and reason quantitatively.

Ratios & Proportional Relationships: students learn to recognize, describe, represent, and reason with ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and percent.

Geometry: students learn to classify geometric figures by their properties, and understand and compare the relationships between them. Students develop and use formulas to compute lengths, areas, and volumes, and they use transformations to generate new shapes and compare existing ones. Geometry can be studied with and without coordinates.

Measurement & Data: students learn to work with data and measure attributes such as time, money, length, area, and volume. They may learn to compare measurements to operations and convert between different units of measure.

Statistics & Probability: students learn to analyze and produce data distributions, and build understanding of univariate and bivariate data. They learn to interpret data, make statistical inferences, justify conclusions, understand rules of probability, and use probability to make decisions.

Number & Operations in Base Ten: students learn to work with the base-ten system and build place value understanding.
problem_activity: Warm-up
In this warm-up, students reason about the volume and dimensions of a cylinder based on information given about a sphere of the same height. The purpose of this warm-up is for students to recognize when they do not have enough information to reach a single answer. While they can determine the height of the cylinder, the radius is completely undefined, which means the volume of the cylinder could be anything.
Launch
Give students quiet work time followed by a whole-class discussion.
Student Facing
A cylinder and sphere have the same height.
If the sphere has a volume of
\(36\pi\)
cubic units, what is the height of the cylinder?
What is a possible volume for the cylinder? Be prepared to explain your reasoning.
Student Response
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Anticipated Misconceptions
Some students may not understand why the second problem talks about “possible” volumes if they assume the radius of the cylinder is the same as the sphere. Ask these students to explain how they found the radius of the cylinder to help them notice that the problem never gives that information.
Activity Synthesis
Ask students to share how they calculated the height of the cylinder. If any students made a sketch, display these for all to see.
Select at least 5 students to give a possible volume for the cylinder and record these for all to see. Ask students,
“Why do we not know what the volume of the cylinder is?” (We don’t know the radius, only the height, so the volume could be anything.)
“Is knowing the height of a sphere enough information to determine the volume?” (Yes. The volume of a sphere is based on the radius, which is half the height.)
Tell students that in the next activity, they will investigate how changes to the radius of a sphere changes the volume of the sphere.


correct_option_index: 7