options: Interpret a fraction as division of the numerator by the denominator (a/b = a ÷ b). Solve word problems involving division of whole numbers leading to answers in the form of fractions or mixed numbers, e.g., by using visual fraction models or equations to represent the problem. For example, interpret 3/4 as the result of dividing 3 by 4, noting that 3/4 multiplied by 4 equals 3, and that when 3 wholes are shared equally among 4 people each person has a share of size 3/4. If 9 people want to share a 50-pound sack of rice equally by weight, how many pounds of rice should each person get? Between what two whole numbers does your answer lie?

Apply and extend previous understandings of division to divide unit fractions by whole numbers and whole numbers by unit fractions. (Students able to multiply fractions in general can develop strategies to divide fractions in general, by reasoning about the relationship between multiplication and division. But division of a fraction by a fraction is not a requirement at this grade.)

Solve real world problems involving multiplication of fractions and mixed numbers, e.g., by using visual fraction models or equations to represent the problem.

Interpret multiplication as scaling (resizing), by:
- Explaining why multiplying a given number by a fraction greater than 1 results in a product greater than the given number (recognizing multiplication by whole numbers greater than 1 as a familiar case); explaining why multiplying a given number by a fraction less than 1 results in a product smaller than the given number; and relating the principle of fraction equivalence a/b = (n×a)/(n×b) to the effect of multiplying a/b by 1.
- Comparing the size of a product to the size of one factor on the basis of the size of the other factor, without performing the indicated multiplication.

Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication to multiply a fraction or whole number by a fraction.
problem_activity: Narrative
The purpose of this activity is for students to find areas of rectangles where one side is a whole number and the other side is a fraction that is greater than 1.  Students should solve the problems in a way that makes sense to them. Ask students to explain how the diagrams show the multiplication expressions.
Engagement: Provide Access by Recruiting Interest.
Synthesis: Optimize meaning and value. Invite students to share how they use the diagram to calculate the area of the desk or the garden and the method they used to do so with a classmate.
Supports accessibility for: Conceptual Processing, Attention
Launch
Groups of 2
Activity
5 minutes: individual work time
5 minutes: partner work time
Student Facing
Write a multiplication expression to represent the area of the shaded region.
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What is the area of the shaded region?
Write a multiplication expression to represent the area of the shaded region.
[IMG]
What is the area of the shaded region?
Student Response
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Advancing Student Thinking
If students do not write multiplication expressions to represent the area of the shaded region, prompt them to explain how they found the area of the shaded region. Then, write expressions to represent the student’s strategy and ask, “How do these expressions represent your strategy?”
Activity Synthesis
Ask several students to share their responses to the second problem.
Display:
\(3 \times 3\frac{3}{4}\)
\(3 \times \frac{15}{4}\)
“How do these expressions represent the area of the shaded region?” (They are the width and length of the shaded region. In one, the length is a whole number and some fourths, and in the other, it is all fourths.)
“How is finding the value of these two expressions different?” (For the first one, I can multiply 3 by 3 and then 3 by
\(\frac{3}{4}\)
and add them together. For the second one, I can see how many fourths I have using multiplication.)


correct_option_index: 4