options: Number & Operations in Base Ten: students learn to work with the base-ten system and build place value understanding.

Counting & Cardinality: students learn to know number names and the count sequence, count to tell the number of objects, and compare numbers.

Number Systems and Quantity: students learn to understand the complex number system and reason quantitatively.

Measurement & Data: students learn to work with data and measure attributes such as time, money, length, area, and volume. They may learn to compare measurements to operations and convert between different units of measure.

Number & Operations - Fractions: students learn to understand fractions as numbers and may work with them using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Modeling: students learn to choose and use appropriate mathematics and statistics to analyze real-world empirical situations, improve decisions, and report on their conclusions and the reasoning behind them.

Statistics & Probability: students learn to analyze and produce data distributions, and build understanding of univariate and bivariate data. They learn to interpret data, make statistical inferences, justify conclusions, understand rules of probability, and use probability to make decisions.

Operations & Algebra: students learn to solve problems using algebraic thinking and operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They may learn to identify and explain arithmetic patterns, evaluate or manipulate numerical expressions, and reason with equations and inequalities.

Functions: students learn to define, use, and evaluate functions to model relationships between quantities.

Ratios & Proportional Relationships: students learn to recognize, describe, represent, and reason with ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and percent.

Geometry: students learn to classify geometric figures by their properties, and understand and compare the relationships between them. Students develop and use formulas to compute lengths, areas, and volumes, and they use transformations to generate new shapes and compare existing ones. Geometry can be studied with and without coordinates.
problem_activity: Problem 1
For Simon’s birthday, he and his family go out to eat at a restaurant.
a.   The amount of tax is $3.40, which is 5% of the food bill. How much was the food bill not including the tax?
b.   If Simon wants to leave a 20% tip on the amount of the food bill before tax, how much should he leave for a tip?
c.   What is Simon’s total bill including tax and tip? What percent of the food bill is this?
Problem 2
Emily has a coupon for 20 percent off of her purchase at the store. She finds a backpack that she likes on the discount rack. Its original price is $60, but everything on the rack comes with a 30 percent discount.
Emily says, “
Thirty percent and twenty percent make fifty percent, so it will cost $30.
”
Is Emily correct? Explain your reasoning. In your explanation, if you disagree with Emily, find the price she will pay for the backpack.
Problem 3
In order to make money, a store marks up its prices by 25% from the warehouse prices. Let
$$p$$
represent the price at which the store gets its merchandise from the warehouse, and let
$$s$$
represent the price the store sells the merchandise for after the markup.
a.   Write an equation to determine the selling price,
$$s$$
, based on the warehouse purchase price,
$$p$$
.
b.   Create a table showing possible pairs of solutions to the equation.
| **                Warehouse price (                                 $$p$$                                )               ** | **                Selling price (                                 $$s$$                                )               ** |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                           |
|                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                           |
|                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                           |
|                                                                                                                             |                                                                                                                           |
c.   Create and label a graph for your table.
d.   Interpret the points
$$(0, 0)$$
and
$$(1, r) $$
from the graph in context of the situation.


correct_option_index: 7

9