few_shots: 
Example:
Concept/skill: 
Analyze and solve pairs of simultaneous linear equations.

Problem/activity:
Problem 1
The table below contains single equations in a single variable, single equations in two variables, and pairs of simultaneous equations in two variables. Check the appropriate box to show whether there is no solution, exactly 1 solution, or if there is an infinite number of solutions.
{"table": [{"_attributes": {"align": "center", "class": ["table", "table-bordered"], "style": "table-layout:fixed; width:70%"}, "tbody": [{"tr": [{"td": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "strong": [{"_value": "No solution"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "strong": [{"_value": "Exactly 1 solution"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "strong": [{"_value": "Infinite number of solutions"}]}]}, {"td": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${9=4x+7}$$"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}]}, {"td": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${y=3y+5}$$"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}]}, {"td": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${y={x\\over2}}$$"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}]}, {"td": [{"p": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${3x+6y-9=0}$$"}]}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}]}, {"td": [{"p": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${x=y}$$"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${1.25x=1.25y}$$"}]}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}]}, {"td": [{"p": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${9.9=6x+8y}$$"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${9x=2.5y-8.8}$$"}]}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}]}, {"td": [{"p": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${11x-2y=1.5}$$"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${11x-2y=2.5}$$"}]}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {}]}]}]}]}
Problem 2
Kim has a small container and a large container as shown.
[IMG]
It takes 16 of the small containers to fill the large container. Three small containers leave 1.95 gallons of space in the big container.
What is the size of each of the two containers?


Answer: 
Yes. The last three rows of the table in the first problem involves solving pairs of simultaneous linear equations. The second word problem can also be represented as two simultaneous linear equations.

Now, assess whether the following problem or activity is 'aligned' with the given Common Core standard in Mathematics.

shot_info: fl_problem_001392_pos_0

8
standard_description: Interpret the equation y = mx + b as defining a linear function, whose graph is a straight line; give examples of functions that are not linear. For example, the function A = s2 giving the area of a square as a function of its side length is not linear because its graph contains the points (1,1), (2,4) and (3,9), which are not on a straight line.
problem_activity: Warm-up
The goal of this warm-up is to review the meaning of a function presented graphically. While students do not need to use function notation here, interpreting the graph in terms of the context will prepare them for their work with functions in the rest of the unit.
Launch
Tell students to close their books or devices. Display the graph for all to see. Ask students to observe the graph and be prepared to share one thing they notice and one thing they wonder. Select students to briefly share one thing they noticed or wondered to help ensure all students understand the information conveyed in the graph. Ask students to open their books or devices and answer the questions about the graph. Follow with a whole-class discussion.
Student Facing
Here is a graph of the accumulated rainfall in Las Vegas, Nevada, in the first 60 days of 2017.
[IMG]
Use the graph to support your answers to the following questions.
Is the accumulated amount of rainfall a function of time?
Is time a function of accumulated rainfall?
Student Response
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Anticipated Misconceptions
If students struggle to see from the graph how the accumulated rainfall is a function of time but time is not a function of accumulated rainfall, consider displaying the data in a table. Shown here is the data for the first 20 days of 2017. Help students see that for every value of
\(t\)
, the time in days, there is one value of
\(r\)
, the accumulated rainfall in inches, but this is not true the other way around.
{"table": [{"_attributes": {"border": "1", "class": ["c-table-compressed"]}, "tbody": [{"tr": [{"th": [{"_attributes": {"scope": "row"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math", "math-repaired"], "data-png-file-id": "166"}, "_value": "\\(t\\)"}], "_value": "(days)"}], "td": [{"_value": "1"}, {"_value": "2"}, {"_value": "3"}, {"_value": "4"}, {"_value": "5"}, {"_value": "6"}, {"_value": "7"}, {"_value": "8"}, {"_value": "9"}, {"_value": "10"}, {"_value": "11"}, {"_value": "12"}, {"_value": "13"}, {"_value": "14"}, {"_value": "15"}, {"_value": "16"}, {"_value": "17"}, {"_value": "18"}, {"_value": "19"}, {"_value": "20"}]}, {"th": [{"_attributes": {"scope": "row"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math", "math-repaired"], "data-png-file-id": "832"}, "_value": "\\(r\\)"}], "_value": "(inches)"}], "td": [{"_value": "0"}, {"_value": "0"}, {"_value": "0"}, {"_value": "0"}, {"_value": "0"}, {"_value": "0"}, {"_value": "0"}, {"_value": "0"}, {"_value": "0"}, {"_value": "0"}, {"_value": "0"}, {"_value": "0.03"}, {"_value": "0.1"}, {"_value": "0.1"}, {"_value": "0.1"}, {"_value": "0.1"}, {"_value": "0.1"}, {"_value": "0.1"}, {"_value": "0.11"}, {"_value": "0.38"}]}]}]}]}
Activity Synthesis
Make sure students understand why the accumulated rain is a function of time but not the other way around.
Then, recall the notation for writing, using function notation, accumulated rain fall as a function of time. If
\(r\)
represents the amount of rainfall in inches and
\(t\)
is time in days, then
\(r(t)\)
is the amount of rain that has fallen in the first
\(t\)
days of 2017. For example,
\(r(2) = 0\)
tells us that the accumulated rainfall after in the first two days of the year was 0 inches.
\(r(48)=1\)
means that there was 1 inch of accumulated rain in the first 48 days of the year. Ask students to write and explain the meaning of a few other statements using function notation.


aligns: no