few_shots: 
Example 1:
Concept/skill: 
Solve addition and subtraction word problems, and add and subtract within 10, e.g., by using objects or drawings to represent the problem.

Problem/activity:
Task
Materials
One 10-frame per pair of students (see example below)
[IMG]
Counters, 10 per pair of students
Decks of number cards 0-5 (with 4 of each number) or two 0-5 dice
Setup
This activity is done in pairs. The students sit side by side with 10-frame and deck of cards or dice. If they have cards, the cards are shuffled and placed face down in front of them.
Action
Player 1 flips a card or rolls the die. They place that many counters on the 10-frame. Player 2 flips a card or rolls the die. They place that many more counters on the 10-frame next to the counters already on the ten frame. The students count the total together.
A recording sheet can be added when the students have been introduced to equations and number sentences. For those students who can handle higher numbers, a deck of 0-10 cards and two 10-frames can be used.
This game can also be played alone.


Answer: 
No. Though this task involves addition, it does not involve any word problems.

Example 2:
Concept/skill: 
Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division and of fractions to multiply and divide rational numbers.

Problem/activity:
For each pair of numbers, determine if the values are equivalent. Explain your reasoning for each one.
a.
$$-0.25$$
and
$$\frac{1}{-4}$$
b.
$$-\left ( \frac{1}{4} \right )$$
and
$$\frac{-1}{-4}$$
c.
$$\frac{-1}{4}$$
and
$$-\frac{1}{4}$$


Answer: 
Yes. This problem involves understanding fractions and division to divide rational numbers, such as 1, -4, 4, and -1. This problem also involves an understanding of multiplication: if p and q are integers, then -(p/q) = (-p)/q = p/(-q).

Example 3:
Concept/skill: 
Prove the addition and subtraction formulas for sine, cosine, and tangent and use them to solve problems.

Problem/activity:
Find the general solution for:
$${\mathrm{cos}\left({\pi\over2}+x\right)=\mathrm{tan}{\pi\over4}}$$


Answer: 
Yes. An initial step when solving for x in this problem requires the use of the addition formula for cosine on the left side of the equation.

Now, determine whether the following problem or activity can enable students to understand the concepts or skills in the provided description.

shot_info: im_task_001477_neg_0

K

fl_problem_001097_pos_0

7

fl_problem_001894_pos_0

HS_0
standard_description: Understand the concept of a unit rate a/b associated with a ratio a:b with b ≠0, and use rate language in the context of a ratio relationship. For example, “This recipe has a ratio of 3 cups of flour to 4 cups of sugar, so there is 3/4 cup of flour for each cup of sugar.” “We paid $75 for 15 hamburgers, which is a rate of $5 per hamburger.” (Expectations for unit rates in this grade are limited to non-complex fractions.)
problem_activity: Activity
This activity allows students to practice reasoning about situations involving ratios of two quantities and their sum. It also introduces students to using “parts” in recipes (e.g., 3 parts oil with 2 parts soy sauce and 1 part orange juice), instead of more familiar units such as cups, teaspoons, milliliters, etc. Students may use tape diagrams to support their reasoning, or they may use other representations learned so far—discrete diagrams, number lines, tables, or equations. All approaches are welcome as long as students use them to represent the situations appropriately to support their reasoning.
As students work, monitor for different ways students reason about the problems, with or without using tape diagrams.
Launch
Keep students in the same groups. Provide graph paper and snap cubes (any three colors). Explain that they will now practice solving problems involving ratios and their combined quantities (similar to the green and purple paint in the previous task). Draw students to a ratio that uses “parts” as its unit. Ask students what they think “one part” means or amounts to, and how situations expressed in terms of “parts” could be diagrammed.
Before students begin working, make sure they understand that “parts” do not represent specific amounts, that the value of “one part” can vary but the size of all parts is equal, and that a tape diagram can be used to show these parts.
Student Facing
Solve each of the following problems and show your thinking. If you get stuck, consider drawing a
tape diagram
to represent the situation.
The ratio of students wearing sneakers to those wearing boots is 5 to 6. If there are 33 students in the class, and all of them are wearing either sneakers or boots, how many of them are wearing sneakers?
A recipe for chicken marinade says, “Mix 3 parts oil with 2 parts soy sauce and 1 part orange juice.” If you need 42 cups of marinade in all, how much of each ingredient should you use?
Elena makes fruit punch by mixing 4 parts cranberry juice to 3 parts apple juice to 2 parts grape juice. If one batch of fruit punch includes 30 cups of apple juice, how large is this batch of fruit punch?
Student Response
Teachers with a valid work email address can
click here to register or sign in
for free access to Student Response.
Student Facing
Are you ready for more?
Using the recipe from earlier, how much fruit punch can you make if you have 50 cups of cranberry juice, 40 cups of apple juice, and 30 cups of grape juice?
Student Response
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click here to register or sign in
for free access to Extension Student Response.
Anticipated Misconceptions
Students may think of each segment of a tape diagram as representing each cube, rather than as a flexible representation of an increment of a quantity. Help them set up the tapes with the correct number of sections and then discuss how many parts there are in all.
Activity Synthesis
Select students to share their reasoning. Help students make connections between different representations, especially any tape diagrams.


aligns: no