few_shots: 
Example 1:
Concept/skill: 
Represent addition and subtraction with objects, fingers, mental images, drawings (Drawings need not show details, but should show the mathematics in the problem. (This applies wherever drawings are mentioned in the Standards.)), sounds (e.g., claps), acting out situations, verbal explanations, expressions, or equations.

Problem/activity:
Task
Materials
One 10-frame per pair of students (see example below)
[IMG]
Counters, 10 per pair of students
Decks of number cards 0-5 (with 4 of each number) or two 0-5 dice
Setup
This activity is done in pairs. The students sit side by side with 10-frame and deck of cards or dice. If they have cards, the cards are shuffled and placed face down in front of them.
Action
Player 1 flips a card or rolls the die. They place that many counters on the 10-frame. Player 2 flips a card or rolls the die. They place that many more counters on the 10-frame next to the counters already on the ten frame. The students count the total together.
A recording sheet can be added when the students have been introduced to equations and number sentences. For those students who can handle higher numbers, a deck of 0-10 cards and two 10-frames can be used.
This game can also be played alone.


Answer: 
Yes. This task involves representing addition with objects such as number cards and dice.

Example 2:
Concept/skill: 
Understand a fraction as a number on the number line; represent fractions on a number line diagram.
 Grade 3 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8.

Problem/activity:
Task
 Arrange the fractions in order from least to greatest. Explain your answer with a picture.
 $\frac{1}{5}, \frac{1}{7}, \frac{1}{3} $
 $\frac{2}{5}, \frac{2}{7}, \frac{2}{3} $
 $\frac{5}{6}, \frac{3}{6}, \frac{1}{6} $
 $\frac{5}{12}, \frac{8}{12}, \frac{4}{12} $

Answer: 
No. Completing this task does not involve representing fractions on a number line diagram.

Example 3:
Concept/skill: 
Fluently add and subtract multi-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to whole numbers less than or equal to 1,000,000.

Problem/activity:
Problem 1
Solve using the standard algorithm. If you get stuck, use an area model and/or the partial products algorithm to help. Then assess the reasonableness of your answer.
a.
$$5,803\times46$$
b.
$$63\times2,116$$
Problem 2
Dunkin' introduced a croissant doughnut in 2014. In the first three months of its debut, they sold 7,870 dozen of them per day. How many croissant doughnuts were sold in the first three months?


Answer: 
No. This set of problems does not directly involve adding or subtracting multi-digit whole numbers. Instead, it focuses on multiplying multi-digit whole numbers.

Now, determine whether the following problem or activity can enable students to understand the concepts or skills in the provided description.

shot_info: im_task_001477_pos_0

K

im_task_000157_neg_0

3

fl_problem_000674_neg_0

5
standard_description: Use the structure of an expression to identify ways to rewrite it. For example, see x^(4) – y^(4 )as (x^(2))^(2 )– (y^(2))^(2), thus recognizing it as a difference of squares that can be factored as (x^(2 )– y^(2))(x^(2 )+ y^(2)).
problem_activity: Narrative
The purpose of this activity is for students to play Stage 4 in the Shake and Spill center, which was introduced in an earlier unit. This activity supports students in finding the missing part of an equation in a later activity.
Students use 3, 4, or 5 counters. They see some of the counters and determine how many more counters are under the cup. Students write an expression to represent each composition and decomposition.
Representation: Access for Perception.
Synthesis: Use a cup and two-color counters to demonstrate that there is 1 yellow counter hiding under the cup.
Supports accessibility for: Conceptual Processing, Visual-Spatial Processing
Required Materials
Materials to Gather
Cups
Two-color counters
Materials to Copy
Shake and Spill Stage 4 Recording Sheet Kindergarten
Launch
Groups of 2
Give each group of students a cup, 5 two-color counters, and two recording sheets.
“We are going to play Shake and Spill, Cover.”
If needed, review and demonstrate the steps of the center.
“Take turns with your partner spilling and covering the yellow counters. On each turn you can decide to use 3, 4, or 5 counters. Make sure you and your partner agree on how many total counters you are using before you shake, spill, cover, and record.”
Activity
8 minutes: partner work time
Student Facing
Put 3, 4, or 5 counters in the cup.
Shake and spill the counters.
Hide some of the counters under the cup.
Figure out how many of the counters are hidden.
Write an expression.
Student Response
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Activity Synthesis
Display the number 3 and the expression
\(2 + \underline{\hspace{1 cm}}\)
.
“Han and Mai spilled 3 counters and hid the yellow ones. This is what they wrote on the recording sheet. What is missing from the expression? How do you know?” (1 is missing. 2 and 1 are the parts that go together to make 3. If they can see 2 red counters, 1 yellow counter is hiding under the cup.)


aligns: no