few_shots: 
Example:
Concept/skill: 
Explain why a fraction a/b is equivalent to a fraction (n × a)/(n × b) by using visual fraction models, with attention to how the number and size of the parts differ even though the two fractions themselves are the same size. Use this principle to recognize and generate equivalent fractions.
Grade 4 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 100.

Problem/activity:
Task
Cruz and Erica were both getting ready for soccer.
Cruz ran 1 lap around the school.
Erica ran 3 laps around the playground.
Erica said,
I ran more laps, so I ran farther.
Cruz said,
4 laps around the school is 1 mile, but it takes 12 laps around the playground to go 1 mile. My laps are much longer, so I ran farther.
Who is right? Draw a picture to help you explain your answer.


Answer: 
Yes. This task asks students to compare two fractions that are equal. The students need to explain why the two fractions are equal by drawing a picture, which involves using visual fraction models.

Now, determine whether the following problem or activity can enable students to understand the concepts or skills in the provided description.

shot_info: im_task_000212_pos_0

4
standard_description: Approximate the probability of a chance event by collecting data on the chance process that produces it and observing its long-run relative frequency, and predict the approximate relative frequency given the probability. For example, when rolling a number cube 600 times, predict that a 3 or 6 would be rolled roughly 200 times, but probably not exactly 200 times.
problem_activity: Activity
This activity is a continuation of the previous one. Students match each situation from the previous activity with an equation, solve the equation by any method that makes sense to them, and interpret the meaning of the solution. Students are still using any method that makes sense to them to reason about a solution. In later lessons, a hanger diagram representation will be used to justify more efficient methods for solving.
For each equation, monitor for a student using their diagram to reason about the solution and a student using the structure of the equation to reason about the solution.
Launch
Keep students in the same groups. 5 minutes to work individually or with a partner, followed by a whole-class discussion.
Engagement: Develop Effort and Persistence.
Encourage and support opportunities for peer interactions. Prior to the whole-class discussion, invite students to share their work with a partner. Display sentence frames to support student conversation such as “To find the solution, first, I _____ because...”, “I made this match because I noticed...”, “Why did you...?”, or “I agree/disagree because…”
Supports accessibility for: Language; Social-emotional skills
Speaking, Representing: MLR2 Collect and Display.
As students share their ideas about how the equations match the situations, listen for and collect students’ description of the situation (e.g., “5 gift bags,
\(x\)
pencils, adds 3 more, 20 pencils”) with the corresponding equation. Remind students to borrow language from the displayed examples while describing what each solution tells about the situation, after the matching is complete. This will help students make connection between language, diagrams, and equations.
Design Principle(s): Support sense-making; Maximize meta-awareness
Student Facing
Each situation in the previous activity is represented by one of the equations.
\((x+3) \boldcdot 5 = 20\)
\(3(x+5)=20\)
Match each situation to an equation.
Find the solution to each equation. Use your diagrams to help you reason.
What does each solution tell you about its situation?
Student Response
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Student Facing
Are you ready for more?
Han, his sister, his dad, and his grandmother step onto a crowded bus with only 3 open seats for a 42-minute ride. They decide Han’s grandmother should sit for the entire ride. Han, his sister, and his dad take turns sitting in the remaining two seats, and Han’s dad sits 1.5 times as long as both Han and his sister. How many minutes did each one spend sitting?
Student Response
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click here to register or sign in
for free access to Extension Student Response.
Activity Synthesis
For each equation, ask one student who reasoned with the diagram and one who reasoned only about the equation to explain their solutions. Display the diagram and the equation side by side, drawing connections between the two representations. If no students bring up one or both of these approaches, demonstrate the maneuvers on a diagram side by side with the maneuvers on the corresponding equation. For example, “I divided the number of gift bags by 5, leaving me with 4 pencils per gift bag. Since Tyler added 3 pencils to each gift bag, there must have been 1 pencil in each gift bag to start,” can be shown on a tape diagram and on a corresponding equation. It is not necessary to invoke the more abstract language of “doing the same thing to each side” of an equation yet.


aligns: no