standard_description: Understand that statistics can be used to gain information about a population by examining a sample of the population; generalizations about a population from a sample are valid only if the sample is representative of that population. Understand that random sampling tends to produce representative samples and support valid inferences.
problem_activity: Problem 1
At a particular diner, everyone drinks coffee. However, some people drink their coffee with sugar, some with cream, some with both, and some with neither.
Describe the coffee preferences of the 30 people in the diner in the Venn diagram below. Be sure to label the circles appropriately.
10 people just like cream in their coffee.
13 people like sugar in their coffee; 8 of these people also like cream.
7 people like neither cream nor sugar in their coffee.
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Problem 2
Below is a diagram that shows all of the members of the student council at a particular high school. Each member is represented by a labeled point. The students that are in circle “
$$J$$
” are juniors and the students in circle “
$$M$$
” are male.
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Find
$$P(J)$$
.
Find
$$P(M)$$
.
Find
$$P(J \space and \space M)$$
.
Find
$$P(J \space or \space M)$$
.
Why does
$$ P(J \space or \space M)≠P(J)+P(M)$$
? Design a formula to calculate
$$P(J \space or \space M)$$
using any of the probability found in (a) through (c).


aligns: no