standard_description: Add and subtract within 20, demonstrating fluency for addition and subtraction within 10. Use strategies such as counting on; making ten (e.g., 8 + 6 = 8 + 2 + 4 = 10 + 4 = 14); decomposing a number leading to a ten (e.g., 13 – 4 = 13 – 3 – 1 = 10 – 1 = 9); using the relationship between addition and subtraction (e.g., knowing that 8 + 4 = 12, one knows 12 – 8 = 4); and creating equivalent but easier or known sums (e.g., adding 6 + 7 by creating the known equivalent 6 + 6 + 1 = 12 + 1 = 13).
problem_activity: Narrative
The purpose of this activity is for students to learn stage 1 of the What’s Behind My Back center. Students find multiple decompositions of a number. Students snap a tower of connecting cubes into 2 parts and record each decomposition with a drawing and an expression. It may be helpful to give each group of students a single color of connecting cubes so the color of the cubes doesn’t distract students from identifying the two parts. In future stages of this center students hide cubes behind their back after snapping a tower. If needed, you can choose not to use the name What’s Behind My Back when playing this stage or let students know they will do that in future stages of this center.
The recording sheet is printed in the student book for this activity. There is a blackline master available for students to use during centers in future activities and lessons.
When students write an expression to match the connecting cubes, they reason abstractly and quantitatively (MP2).
MLR8 Discussion Supports.
Display and read aloud the following sentence frame to support small-group discussion: “You broke your tower into a group of ____ and a group of ____.” invite students to chorally repeat this sentence in unison 1–2 times.
Advances: Speaking, Conversing, Representing
Required Materials
Materials to Gather
Connecting cubes
Crayons
Materials to Copy
What's Behind My Back Stage 1 Recording Sheet
Required Preparation
Each group of 2 needs 8 connecting cubes of the same color.
Launch
Groups of 2
Give each group of students at least 8 connecting cubes and access to 2 different color crayons.
“We are going to learn a center called What’s Behind My Back?”
Display a cube tower with 8 cubes.
“Start with a tower of 8 cubes. One partner breaks the tower into 2 parts.”
Demonstrate breaking the tower into 2 parts.
“The other partner describes what happened to the tower. Tell your partner what happened to my tower.” (You broke your tower into a group of 5 and a group of 3.)
30 seconds: partner discussion
Share responses.
“Both partners record the two parts with a drawing and an expression.”
Demonstrate completing the recording sheet with a drawing and an expression.
“Then put your tower back together, and play again. Take turns snapping the tower of 8 cubes into 2 parts.”
Activity
5 minutes: partner work time
Student Facing
8 cubes
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8 cubes
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Student Response
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Advancing Student Thinking
If students snap the cubes the same way each time, consider asking:
“Are there any other ways that you can snap the tower into 2 parts?”
“What if you snapped only 1 cube off of the tower?”
Activity Synthesis
“What did you notice each time you snapped the tower?” (There were always 8 cubes. The 2 parts that we broke the tower into were different each time.)
“What are the different ways that you and your partner found to break the tower of 8 cubes into 2 parts?”
Display a tower of 2 and a tower of 6.
“What expression can we write to represent the 2 parts of this tower?” (
\(2 + 6\)
)


aligns: no