few_shots: 
Example 1:
Problem/activity:
You’re mixing ingredients for cookies. The recipe says to combine 6 tablespoons, or ¾ stick, of butter with 1 cup of sugar. You accidentally mix in a whole stick of butter (8 tablespoons) with the cup of sugar. How can you fix this?


Concept/skill: 
Recognize and represent proportional relationships between quantities.

Answer: 
No. Usually problems that teach recognizing and representing proportional relationships between quantities involve deciding whether two quantities are in a proportional relationship or identifying the constant of proportionality, and then representing proportional relationships by equations or explaining proportional relationship using coordinate graphs.

Example 2:
Problem/activity:
For each pair of numbers, determine if the values are equivalent. Explain your reasoning for each one.
a.
$$-0.25$$
and
$$\frac{1}{-4}$$
b.
$$-\left ( \frac{1}{4} \right )$$
and
$$\frac{-1}{-4}$$
c.
$$\frac{-1}{4}$$
and
$$-\frac{1}{4}$$


Concept/skill: 
Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication to multiply a fraction or whole number by a fraction.

Answer: 
No. The expressions shown in this problem do not involve multiplying fractions with other fractions, nor whole numbers with fractions.

Example 3:
Problem/activity:
Problem 1
The table below contains single equations in a single variable, single equations in two variables, and pairs of simultaneous equations in two variables. Check the appropriate box to show whether there is no solution, exactly 1 solution, or if there is an infinite number of solutions.
{"table": [{"_attributes": {"align": "center", "class": ["table", "table-bordered"], "style": "table-layout:fixed; width:70%"}, "tbody": [{"tr": [{"td": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "strong": [{"_value": "No solution"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "strong": [{"_value": "Exactly 1 solution"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "strong": [{"_value": "Infinite number of solutions"}]}]}, {"td": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${9=4x+7}$$"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}]}, {"td": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${y=3y+5}$$"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}]}, {"td": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${y={x\\over2}}$$"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}]}, {"td": [{"p": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${3x+6y-9=0}$$"}]}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}]}, {"td": [{"p": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${x=y}$$"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${1.25x=1.25y}$$"}]}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}]}, {"td": [{"p": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${9.9=6x+8y}$$"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${9x=2.5y-8.8}$$"}]}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}]}, {"td": [{"p": [{"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${11x-2y=1.5}$$"}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}, "span": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["math-tex"]}, "_value": "$${11x-2y=2.5}$$"}]}]}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {"_attributes": {"style": "text-align:center"}}, {}]}]}]}]}
Problem 2
Kim has a small container and a large container as shown.
[IMG]
It takes 16 of the small containers to fill the large container. Three small containers leave 1.95 gallons of space in the big container.
What is the size of each of the two containers?


Concept/skill: 
Analyze and solve pairs of simultaneous linear equations.

Answer: 
Yes. The last three rows of the table in the first problem involves solving pairs of simultaneous linear equations. The second word problem can also be represented as two simultaneous linear equations.

Now, does the problem or activity shown below enable students to learn the full intent of the following concept or skill?

shot_info: fl_problem_000972_neg_0

6

fl_problem_001097_neg_0

7

fl_problem_001392_pos_0

8
standard_description: Compare properties of two functions each represented in a different way (algebraically, graphically, numerically in tables, or by verbal descriptions). For example, given a linear function represented by a table of values and a linear function represented by an algebraic expression, determine which function has the greater rate of change.
problem_activity: Task
A function machine takes an input, and based on some rule produces an output.
[IMG]
The tables below show some input-output pairs for different functions. For each table, describe a function rule in words that would produce the given outputs from the corresponding inputs. Then fill in the rest of the table values as inputs and outputs which are consistent with that rule.
Input values can be any English word. Output values are letters from the English alphabet.
$\ \ \ \ \ $
{"table": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["regular"]}, "tbody": [{"tr": [{"th": [{"_value": "input"}], "td": [{"_value": "cat"}, {"_value": "house"}, {"_value": "you"}, {"_value": "stem"}, {"_value": "$\\ \\ \\ \\ \\ $"}, {"_value": "$\\ \\ \\ \\ \\ $"}, {"_value": "$\\ \\ \\ \\ \\ $"}]}, {"th": [{"_value": "output"}], "td": [{"_value": "t"}, {"_value": "e"}, {"_value": "u"}, {}, {"_value": "z"}, {}, {}]}]}]}]}
Input values can be any rational number. Output values can be any rational number.
{"table": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["regular"]}, "tbody": [{"tr": [{"th": [{"_value": "input"}], "td": [{"_value": "$2$"}, {"_value": "$5$"}, {"_value": "$-1.53$"}, {"_value": "$0$"}, {"_value": "$-4 $"}, {"_value": "$\\ \\ \\ \\ \\ $"}, {"_value": "$\\ \\ \\ \\ \\ $"}]}, {"th": [{"_value": "output"}], "td": [{"_value": "$7$"}, {"_value": "$10$"}, {"_value": "$3.47$"}, {"_value": "$5$"}, {}, {"_value": "$8$"}, {}]}]}]}]}
Input values can be any whole number. Output values can be any whole number.
{"table": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["regular"]}, "tbody": [{"tr": [{"th": [{"_value": "input"}], "td": [{"_value": "$1$"}, {"_value": "$2$"}, {"_value": "$3$"}, {"_value": "$4$"}, {"_value": "$5$"}, {"_value": "$6$"}, {"_value": "$7$"}]}, {"th": [{"_value": "output"}], "td": [{"_value": "$2$"}, {"_value": "$1$"}, {"_value": "$4$"}, {"_value": "$\\ \\ \\ \\ \\ $"}, {}, {}, {}]}]}]}]}
Input values can be any whole number between 1 and 365. Output values can be any month of the year.
{"table": [{"_attributes": {"class": ["regular"]}, "tbody": [{"tr": [{"th": [{"_value": "input"}], "td": [{"_value": "25"}, {"_value": "365"}, {"_value": "35"}, {"_value": "95"}, {"_value": "330"}, {"_value": "66"}, {}]}, {"th": [{"_value": "output"}], "td": [{"_value": "January"}, {"_value": "December"}, {"_value": "February"}, {"_value": "April"}, {"_value": "November"}, {"_value": "$\\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ $"}, {"_value": "October"}]}]}]}]}
For at least one of the tables, describe a second rule which fits the given pairs but ultimately produces different pairs than the first rule for the rest of the table.


aligns: no