few_shots: 
Example:
Problem/activity:
Narrative
The purpose of this activity is for students to create composite shapes and compose new shapes from composite shapes. For example, students may find that a rectangular prism can be made from four triangular prisms or from eight smaller cubes. Students then discover that they can combine two of the composed rectangular prisms to make a new rectangular prism.
Required Materials
Materials to Gather
Geoblocks
Launch
Groups of 4
Give each group geoblocks.
Display a large cube.
“This cube can be built from other shapes. See how many ways you can build a cube using other shapes.”
3 minutes: partner work time
Share responses.
Activity
“Choose a different shape. Try to find smaller shapes you can use to build that shape.”
5 minutes: partner work time
Student Response
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click here to register or sign in
for free access to Student Response.
Activity Synthesis
Display a cube and a composite cube—for example, a cube composed of four small cubes and one rectangular prism.
Demonstrate putting the shapes together.
“What new shape did I make with the cube and the cube I made?”
“Put your shapes together to make a rectangular prism.”
Display a rectangular prism and two triangular prisms.
“Find these shapes. Put them together. What new shape can you make?” (a cube, a rectangular block)


Concept/skill: 
Recognize area as an attribute of plane figures and understand concepts of area measurement.

Answer: 
No. This activity does not teach students area as an attribute of plane figures. Instead, the activity focuses on solid, three-dimensional figures.

Now, does the problem or activity shown below enable students to learn the full intent of the following concept or skill?

shot_info: im_lesson_009431_neg_0

1
standard_description: Understand that patterns of association can also be seen in bivariate categorical data by displaying frequencies and relative frequencies in a two-way table. Construct and interpret a two-way table summarizing data on two categorical variables collected from the same subjects. Use relative frequencies calculated for rows or columns to describe possible association between the two variables. For example, collect data from students in your class on whether or not they have a curfew on school nights and whether or not they have assigned chores at home. Is there evidence that those who have a curfew also tend to have chores?
problem_activity: Activity
Students first encountered irrational numbers at the start of this unit as a way to denote the side lengths of squares. They also spent time attempting to find a number of the form
\(\frac{a}{b}\)
, where
\(a\)
and
\(b\)
are integers, that is equal to
\(\sqrt{2}\)
only to have it revealed that
\(\sqrt{2}\)
is irrational. Now that students have recently done a lot of thinking about decimal representations of rational numbers and how to convert the infinitely repeating decimal representation of a number into a fraction representation, we revisit irrationals to further the point that no such fraction representation exists for these numbers. For many irrationals, long division doesn't work as a tool to calculate a decimal approximation because there are no two integers to divide. It can be said that a square of area 2 has a side length of
\(\sqrt{2}\)
or that
\(\sqrt{2}\)
is a number that, when squared, has a value of 2 (with
\(\text-\sqrt{2}\)
being the other number). All this means is that different methods to approximate the value need to be discussed.
In this activity, students will approximate the value of
\(\sqrt{2}\)
using successive approximation and discuss how they might figure out a value for
\(\pi\)
using measurements of circles. Students will also plot these values on number lines accurately to the thousandth place to reinforce the idea that irrational numbers are numbers. Therefore, irrational numbers have a place on the number line even if they cannot be written as a fraction of integers.
Launch
Calculators are okay, but students should not use the root button or the
\(\pi\)
button. Before beginning, remind students that we have previously found decimal representations for fractions, and that knowing these representations made it easier to plot numbers on a number line. Today we are going to do the same thing with irrational numbers. Ask students “Earlier, we used long division to find decimal representations of numbers. Why can't we do that today with irrational numbers?” (Irrational numbers are ones that cannot be written as fractions.)
Follow work time with a whole-class discussion.
Action and Expression: Internalize Executive Functions.
Chunk this task into more manageable parts to support students who benefit from support with organizational skills in problem solving. For example, present one question at a time and monitor students to ensure they are making progress throughout the activity.
Supports accessibility for: Organization; Attention
Student Facing
Why is
\(\sqrt{2}\)
between 1 and 2 on the number line?
Why is
\(\sqrt{2}\)
between 1.4 and 1.5 on the number line?
How can you figure out an approximation for
\(\sqrt{2}\)
accurate to 3 decimal places?
Label all of the tick marks. Plot
\(\sqrt{2}\)
on all three number lines. Make sure to add arrows from the second to the third number lines.
[IMG]
Elena notices a beaker in science class says it has a diameter of 9 cm and measures its circumference to be 28.3 cm. What value do you get for
\(\pi\)
using these values and the equation for circumference,
\(C=2\pi r\)
?
Diego learned that one of the space shuttle fuel tanks had a diameter of 840 cm and a circumference of 2,639 cm. What value do you get for
\(\pi\)
using these values and the equation for circumference,
\(C=2\pi r\)
?
Label all of the tick marks on the number lines. Use a calculator to get a very accurate approximation of
\(\pi\)
and plot that number on all three number lines.
[IMG]
How can you explain the differences between these calculations of
\(\pi\)
?
Student Response
Teachers with a valid work email address can
click here to register or sign in
for free access to Student Response.
Activity Synthesis
The purpose of this discussion is to deepen students understanding that irrational numbers are not fractions. As such, their values are approximated using different methods than for rational numbers. Begin the discussion by asking:
“How long do you think you could keep using the method in the first problem to find more digits of the decimal representation of
\(\sqrt{2}\)
?” (My calculator only shows 9 digits to the left of the decimal, so that's as far as I could go.)
“Would this method work for any root?” (Yes, I could find the two perfect squares the square of the root is between and then start approximating the value of the root from there.)
Tell students that what they did in the first problem is a strategy called “successive approximation.” It takes time, but successive approximation works for finding more and more precise approximations of irrational numbers so long as you have a clear value to check against. In the case of
\(\sqrt{2}\)
, since
\(\sqrt{2}^2=2\)
, there was a clear value to test approximations against whether they are too high or too low.
Lastly, select 2–3 students to share their response to the last part of the second problem. Make sure students understand that since measuring has limitations of accuracy, any calculation of
\(\pi\)
using measurement, such as with the beaker and the fuel tank, will have its own accuracy limited.
Speaking: MLR8 Discussion Supports.
Use this routine to support whole-class discussion when students to share their response to the last part of the second problem. Call on students to use mathematical language to restate and/or revoice the strategy (or strategies) presented. Consider providing students time to restate what they hear to a partner, before selecting one or two students to share with the class. Ask the original speaker if their peer was accurately able to restate their thinking. Call students' attention to any words or phrases that helped to clarify the original statement. This will provide more students with additional opportunities to speak and describe the differences between calculations of
\(\pi\)
.
Design Principle(s): Support sense-making; Maximize meta-awareness


aligns: no