few_shots: 
Example 1:
Problem/activity:
Task
Materials
One 10-frame per pair of students (see example below)
[IMG]
Counters, 10 per pair of students
Decks of number cards 0-5 (with 4 of each number) or two 0-5 dice
Setup
This activity is done in pairs. The students sit side by side with 10-frame and deck of cards or dice. If they have cards, the cards are shuffled and placed face down in front of them.
Action
Player 1 flips a card or rolls the die. They place that many counters on the 10-frame. Player 2 flips a card or rolls the die. They place that many more counters on the 10-frame next to the counters already on the ten frame. The students count the total together.
A recording sheet can be added when the students have been introduced to equations and number sentences. For those students who can handle higher numbers, a deck of 0-10 cards and two 10-frames can be used.
This game can also be played alone.


Concept/skill: 
Represent addition and subtraction with objects, fingers, mental images, drawings (Drawings need not show details, but should show the mathematics in the problem. (This applies wherever drawings are mentioned in the Standards.)), sounds (e.g., claps), acting out situations, verbal explanations, expressions, or equations.

Answer: 
Yes. This task involves representing addition with objects such as number cards and dice.

Example 2:
Problem/activity:
Task
 Arrange the fractions in order from least to greatest. Explain your answer with a picture.
 $\frac{1}{5}, \frac{1}{7}, \frac{1}{3} $
 $\frac{2}{5}, \frac{2}{7}, \frac{2}{3} $
 $\frac{5}{6}, \frac{3}{6}, \frac{1}{6} $
 $\frac{5}{12}, \frac{8}{12}, \frac{4}{12} $

Concept/skill: 
Explain equivalence of fractions in special cases, and compare fractions by reasoning about their size.
 Grade 3 expectations in this domain are limited to fractions with denominators 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8.

Answer: 
Yes. By arranging the fractions in this problem, students learn to compare fractions by reasoning about their size.

Example 3:
Problem/activity:
Problem 1
Solve using the standard algorithm. If you get stuck, use an area model and/or the partial products algorithm to help. Then assess the reasonableness of your answer.
a.
$$5,803\times46$$
b.
$$63\times2,116$$
Problem 2
Dunkin' introduced a croissant doughnut in 2014. In the first three months of its debut, they sold 7,870 dozen of them per day. How many croissant doughnuts were sold in the first three months?


Concept/skill: 
Fluently multiply multi-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm.

Answer: 
Yes. This set of problems involves multi-digit whole numbers because the numbers in each problem are four and two digit integers, and the mathematical calculations involved in both problems focus on multiplication. The first problem explicitly asks the student to solve its subproblems using the standard algorithm.

Now, does the following problem or activity enable students to learn the full intent of the following concept or skill?

shot_info: im_task_001477_pos_0

K

im_task_000157_pos_0

3

fl_problem_000674_pos_0

5
standard_description: Distinguish between correlation and causation.
problem_activity: Task
Many counties in the United States are governed by a county council. At public county council meetings, county residents are usually allowed to bring up issues of concern. At a recent public County Council meeting, one resident expressed concern that 3 new coffee shops from a popular coffee shop chain were planning to open in the county, and the resident believed that this would create an increase in property crimes in the county. (Property crimes include burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson -- From http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/crime-in-the-u.s/2010/crime-in-the-u.s.-2010/property-crime accessed on December 5, 2012.)
To support this claim, the resident presented the following data and scatterplot (with the least-squares line shown) for 8 counties in the state:
| County | Shops | Crimes |
|--------|-------|--------|
|   A    |   9   |  4000  |
|   B    |   1   |  2700  |
|   C    |   0   |  500   |
|   D    |   6   |  4200  |
|   E    |  15   |  6800  |
|   F    |  50   | 20800  |
|   G    |   5   |  2800  |
|   H    |  24   | 15400  |
[IMG]
The scatterplot shows a positive linear relationship between "Shops" (the number of coffee shops of this coffee shop chain in the county) and "Crimes" (the number of annual property crimes for the county). In other words, counties with more of these coffee shops tend to have more property crimes annually.
Does the relationship between Shops and Crimes appear to be linear? Would you consider the relationship between Shops and Crimes to be strong, moderate, or weak?
Compute the correlation coefficient.  Does the value of the correlation coefficient support your choice in part (a)? Explain.
The equation of the least-squares line for these data is:
$$ \text{Predicted Crimes} = 1434 + 415.7 \text{(Shops)} $$
Based on this line, what is the estimated number of additional annual property crimes for a given county that has 3 more coffee shops than another county?
Do these data support the claim that building 3 additional coffee shops will necessarily cause an increase in property crimes?  What other variables might explain the positive relationship between the number of coffee shops for this coffee shop chain and the number of annual property crimes for these counties?
If the following two counties were added to the data set, would you still consider using a line to model the relationship? If not, what other types (forms) of model would you consider?
| County | Shops | Crimes |
|--------|-------|--------|
|   I    |  25   | 36900  |
|   J    |  27   | 24100  |


aligns: yes