few_shots: 
Example 1:
Problem/activity:
Task
Materials
One 10-frame per pair of students (see example below)
[IMG]
Counters, 10 per pair of students
Decks of number cards 0-5 (with 4 of each number) or two 0-5 dice
Setup
This activity is done in pairs. The students sit side by side with 10-frame and deck of cards or dice. If they have cards, the cards are shuffled and placed face down in front of them.
Action
Player 1 flips a card or rolls the die. They place that many counters on the 10-frame. Player 2 flips a card or rolls the die. They place that many more counters on the 10-frame next to the counters already on the ten frame. The students count the total together.
A recording sheet can be added when the students have been introduced to equations and number sentences. For those students who can handle higher numbers, a deck of 0-10 cards and two 10-frames can be used.
This game can also be played alone.


Concept/skill: 
Represent addition and subtraction with objects, fingers, mental images, drawings (Drawings need not show details, but should show the mathematics in the problem. (This applies wherever drawings are mentioned in the Standards.)), sounds (e.g., claps), acting out situations, verbal explanations, expressions, or equations.

Answer: 
Yes. This task involves representing addition with objects such as number cards and dice.

Example 2:
Problem/activity:
For each pair of numbers, determine if the values are equivalent. Explain your reasoning for each one.
a.
$$-0.25$$
and
$$\frac{1}{-4}$$
b.
$$-\left ( \frac{1}{4} \right )$$
and
$$\frac{-1}{-4}$$
c.
$$\frac{-1}{4}$$
and
$$-\frac{1}{4}$$


Concept/skill: 
Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication to multiply a fraction or whole number by a fraction.

Answer: 
No. The expressions shown in this problem do not involve multiplying fractions with other fractions, nor whole numbers with fractions.

Example 3:
Problem/activity:
Find the general solution for:
$${\mathrm{cos}\left({\pi\over2}+x\right)=\mathrm{tan}{\pi\over4}}$$


Concept/skill: 
Understand that by similarity, side ratios in right triangles are properties of the angles in the triangle, leading to definitions of trigonometric ratios for acute angles.

Answer: 
No. This problem does not directly teach how side ratios in right triangles lead to definitions of trigonometric ratios. Instead, it involves solving a trigonometric function.

Now, does the following problem or activity enable students to learn the full intent of the following concept or skill?

shot_info: im_task_001477_pos_0

K

fl_problem_001097_neg_0

7

fl_problem_001894_neg_0

HS_0
standard_description: Write and evaluate numerical expressions involving whole-number exponents.
problem_activity: Activity
The purpose of this activity is for students to practice generating equivalent equations. The structure of taking turns and justifying your thinking to your partner supports students to check their work as they go, and the class has a chance to check for equivalence when the total score is recorded.
Students also have to justify, whether formally or informally, why each move keeps the equation equivalent. This will be helpful for students in an associated Algebra 1 lesson when they must determine what moves are acceptable to make to an equation without changing its solution.
Monitor for students who solve the equation first and then work to create new equations with the same answer, and for students who simply create new equivalent equations from the given equation. Monitor for students who add or multiply by the same number on each side of an equation and students who use properties of operations (distributive, commutative, associative).
Launch
Arrange students in groups of 2. Explain to students that they are going to play a cooperative game in which the class tries to come up with as many different equations with the same solutions as they can. You give them an equation, and their job is to come up with other equations with the same solution as the original equation. The partner’s job is to check that the new equation is equivalent to the original by listening to their partner’s reasoning and making sure they agree. Each partner should create their own equations before moving to the next question.
At the end of each round, you will ask them to share the equations they came up with, and keep track of how many different equations the class came up with. Set a goal for the second round of coming up with 4 more equations than the first round, and continue to set meaningful challenge goals with each round.
Calling on previously identified students to share strategies may help the class be more successful.
Display these equations, one at a time:
\(x = 5\)
\(x + 1 = 0\)
\(2(x + 1) = 10\)
\(\frac12x + \frac32 = \frac72\)
Student Facing
Your teacher will display an equation. Take turns with your partner to generate an equivalent equation—an equation with the same solution. Generate as many different equations with the same solution as you can. Keep track of each one you find.
For each change that you make, explain to your partner how you know your new equation is equivalent. Ask your partner if they agree with your thinking.
For each change that your partner makes, listen carefully to their explanation about why their new equation is equivalent. If you disagree, discuss your thinking and work to reach an agreement.
Student Response
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Activity Synthesis
Remind students that today they did a lot of thinking about equivalent equations and moves they could do to equations that wouldn’t change the solution.
Make a semi-permanent display of “moves that won’t change the solutions to equations.” Sort the list by moves that are done to each side, and moves that are done to one side. Use students’ language, adding formal language if that is an emphasis in your school.
Possible list:
Add the same value to both sides.
Subtract the same value from both sides.
Multiply both sides by the same value (but not zero!). Divide both sides by the same value (but not zero!).
Change the order of terms (on one side) being added or multiplied (commutative property).
Change the grouping of terms (on one side) being added or multiplied (associative property).
Distributive property:
\(a(b + c) = ab + ac\)
.


aligns: no