few_shots: 
Example 1:
Problem/activity:
You’re mixing ingredients for cookies. The recipe says to combine 6 tablespoons, or ¾ stick, of butter with 1 cup of sugar. You accidentally mix in a whole stick of butter (8 tablespoons) with the cup of sugar. How can you fix this?


Concept/skill: 
Recognize and represent proportional relationships between quantities.

Answer: 
No. Usually problems that teach recognizing and representing proportional relationships between quantities involve deciding whether two quantities are in a proportional relationship or identifying the constant of proportionality, and then representing proportional relationships by equations or explaining proportional relationship using coordinate graphs.

Example 2:
Problem/activity:
For each pair of numbers, determine if the values are equivalent. Explain your reasoning for each one.
a.
$$-0.25$$
and
$$\frac{1}{-4}$$
b.
$$-\left ( \frac{1}{4} \right )$$
and
$$\frac{-1}{-4}$$
c.
$$\frac{-1}{4}$$
and
$$-\frac{1}{4}$$


Concept/skill: 
Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication to multiply a fraction or whole number by a fraction.

Answer: 
No. The expressions shown in this problem do not involve multiplying fractions with other fractions, nor whole numbers with fractions.

Example 3:
Problem/activity:
Problem 1
The table below contains single equations in a single variable, single equations in two variables, and pairs of simultaneous equations in two variables. Check the appropriate box to show whether there is no solution, exactly 1 solution, or if there is an infinite number of solutions.
|                                                          | **           No solution          ** | **           Exactly 1 solution          ** | **           Infinite number of solutions          ** |
|----------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|
|                       $${9=4x+7}$$                       |                                      |                                             |                                                       |
|                       $${y=3y+5}$$                       |                                      |                                             |                                                       |
|                    $${y={x\over2}}$$                     |                                      |                                             |                                                       |
|                     $${3x+6y-9=0}$$                      |                                      |                                             |                                                       |
|    $${x=y}$$                        $${1.25x=1.25y}$$    |                                      |                                             |                                                       |
| $${9.9=6x+8y}$$                        $${9x=2.5y-8.8}$$ |                                      |                                             |                                                       |
| $${11x-2y=1.5}$$                        $${11x-2y=2.5}$$ |                                      |                                             |                                                       |
Problem 2
Kim has a small container and a large container as shown.
[IMG]
It takes 16 of the small containers to fill the large container. Three small containers leave 1.95 gallons of space in the big container.
What is the size of each of the two containers?


Concept/skill: 
Analyze and solve pairs of simultaneous linear equations.

Answer: 
Yes. The last three rows of the table in the first problem involves solving pairs of simultaneous linear equations. The second word problem can also be represented as two simultaneous linear equations.

Now, does the following problem or activity enable students to learn the full intent of the following concept or skill?

shot_info: fl_problem_000972_neg_0

6

fl_problem_001097_neg_0

7

fl_problem_001392_pos_0

8
standard_description: Recognize that in a multi-digit number, a digit in one place represents 10 times as much as it represents in the place to its right and 1/10 of what it represents in the place to its left.
problem_activity: Narrative
The purpose of this activity is for students to make a reasonable estimate for a given product.
In addition to estimating the product, students also decide whether the estimate is too large or too small. In the activity synthesis, students consider about how far their estimate is from the actual product.
I
n the next activity, students will evaluate the expressions using a strategy of their choice.
Students choose between several different possible estimates and justify their choice before they calculate the product (MP3).
Engagement: Provide Access by Recruiting Interest.
Synthesis: Revisit math community norms to prepare students for the whole-class discussion.
Supports accessibility for: Social Emotional Functioning, Language
Launch
Groups of 2
Activity
5–7 minutes: independent work time
2–3 minutes: partner discussion
Monitor for students who:
relate the given expression to each proposed answer by rounding or changing one or both factors.
estimate by rounding the factors.
use benchmark numbers.
use place value reasoning or the properties of operations to explain why their estimate is reasonable.
Student Facing
Which estimate for the product
\(18 \times 149\)
is most reasonable? Explain or show your reasoning.
\(2,\!000\)
\(4,\!000\)
\(3,\!000\)
\(1,\!500\)
Are any of the estimates unreasonable? Explain or show your reasoning.
Do you think the actual product will be more or less than your estimate? Explain or show your reasoning.
Student Response
Teachers with a valid work email address can
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for free access to Student Response.
Advancing Student Thinking
If students do not choose a reasonable estimate for
\(18 \times 149\)
, ask, “Can you explain how you chose your estimate?”
Activity Synthesis
Invite students to share their estimates for the product and their reasoning.
“Why do you think
\(3,\!000\)
is a good estimate?” (18 is close to 20 and 149 is very close to 150 and I know
\(20 \times 150 = 3,\!000\)
.)
“Is the value of
\(18 \times 149\)
greater than or less than
\(3,\!000\)
? How do you know?” (Less, because 18 is less than 20 and 149 is less than 150.)
“Can you estimate how much less?” (About 300, because I added 2 to 18 to get 20 and
\(2 \times 149\)
is about 300.)
Display:
\(18 \times 149\)
is about
\(2,\!700\)
.
“In the next activity, we’ll check to see how good our estimate is.”


aligns: yes