standard_description: Apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divide. (Students need not use formal terms for these properties.) ^( )Examples: If 6 × 4 = 24 is known, then 4 × 6 = 24 is also known. (Commutative property of multiplication.) 3 × 5 × 2 can be found by 3 × 5 = 15, then 15 × 2 = 30, or by 5 × 2 = 10, then 3 × 10 = 30. (Associative property of multiplication.) Knowing that 8 × 5 = 40 and 8 × 2 = 16, one can find 8 × 7 as 8 × (5 + 2) = (8 × 5) + (8 × 2) = 40 + 16 = 56. (Distributive property.)
problem_activity: Problem 1
Ms. Holcombe buys 850 snacks for Monday and Tuesday. After handing out one snack to each student on Monday, she wants to make sure there will be enough snacks on Tuesday without having to count all of them. Since there are 438 students at Match Community Day, she says, "There are about 400 students at MCD. That means we have about 450 snacks left after handing out Monday’s snack. That’ll be enough for Tuesday!"
a.   Explain why Ms. Holcombe is not correct.
b.   How could Ms. Holcombe have used rounding to estimate more accurately?
c.   What is the exact number of snacks leftover for Tuesday?
Problem 2
Millie has 403 pennies in her piggy bank. Paulina has 185 pennies in her piggy bank. How many more pennies does Millie have than Paulina? Solve. Then assess the reasonableness of your answer.
Problem 3
Ms. Dowling’s class knows there are 149 students in Grades 11 and 12, and 317 students at Match High School in total. Three students are trying to figure out about how many students are in Grades 9 and 10 at Match High School. Here’s how each of them computed:
| **           Student          ** | **           Computation          ** |
|----------------------------------|--------------------------------------|
|               Matt               |              300 - 100               |
|             Beatriz              |              320 - 150               |
|              Alicia              |              317 - 100               |
Whose estimate is closest to the actual solution? How do you know?


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