standard_description: Interpret multiplication as scaling (resizing), by:
- Explaining why multiplying a given number by a fraction greater than 1 results in a product greater than the given number (recognizing multiplication by whole numbers greater than 1 as a familiar case); explaining why multiplying a given number by a fraction less than 1 results in a product smaller than the given number; and relating the principle of fraction equivalence a/b = (n×a)/(n×b) to the effect of multiplying a/b by 1.
- Comparing the size of a product to the size of one factor on the basis of the size of the other factor, without performing the indicated multiplication.
problem_activity: Problem 1
a.   Here are two tables with expressions. Find the value of each expression. Use a model if it's helpful. Leave the last two rows of each table blank for now.
|        **                 Set A                **         |      **                 Set B                **      |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|-----------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| **                      expression                     ** | **                      value                     ** | **                      expression                     ** | **                      value                     ** |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
| **                      expression                     ** | **                      value                     ** |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|                  $$1\times\frac{1}{8}$$                   |                                                      |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|                  $$2\times\frac{1}{8}$$                   |                                                      |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|                  $$3\times\frac{1}{8}$$                   |                                                      |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|                  $$4\times\frac{1}{8}$$                   |                                                      |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|                  $$5\times\frac{1}{8}$$                   |                                                      |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|                  $$6\times\frac{1}{8}$$                   |                                                      |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|                                                           |                                                      |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|                                                           |                                                      |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
| **                      expression                     ** | **                      value                     ** |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|                  $$2\times \frac{1}{3}$$                  |                                                      |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|                  $$2\times \frac{1}{4}$$                  |                                                      |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|                  $$2\times \frac{1}{5}$$                  |                                                      |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|                  $$2\times \frac{1}{6}$$                  |                                                      |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|                  $$2\times \frac{1}{7}$$                  |                                                      |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|                  $$2\times \frac{1}{8}$$                  |                                                      |                                                           |                                                      |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
b.   Study your completed tables. What patterns do you see in how the expressions and values are related?
c.   In the last two rows of the table of Set A, write
$$\frac{11}{8}$$
and
$$\frac{13}{8}$$
in the "value" column. Write the expressions with that value.
d.   In the last two rows of the table of Set B, write
$$\frac{2}{12}$$
and
$$\frac{2}{15}$$
in the "value" column. Write the expressions with that value.
Problem 2
a.
Draw a model to represent
$$\frac{2}{3}$$
.
Show how you would use or adjust the model above to represent
$$4\times \frac{2}{3}$$
.
Based on your model in Part (ii), what is the value of
$$4\times \frac{2}{3}$$
?
b.   Find the value of each expression below. Draw a model if it would be helpful.
$$2\times \frac{1}{5}$$
$$2\times \frac{3}{5}$$
$$2\times \frac{4}{5}$$
$$6\times \frac{4}{5}$$
c.   Willa said that to multiply a whole number by a fraction, she’d multiply the whole number and the numerator and use the same denominator. Do you agree with Willa? Explain your reasoning.
Problem 3
a.   Find the number that makes each equation true. Draw a model if it is helpful.
| $$\frac{12}{5} = 12\space \times $$                                _____  | $$\frac{12}{5} = 3\space \times $$                                  _____ |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| $$\frac{12}{5} = 6\space \times $$                                  _____ | $$\frac{12}{5} = 2\space \times $$                                  _____ |
| $$\frac{12}{5} = 4\space \times $$                                  _____ | $$\frac{12}{5} = 1\space \times $$                                  _____ |
b.   Here are two sets of numbers:
| **                 Set A                ** |          **                 Set B                **          |
|--------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|
|     1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11      | $$\frac17, \frac27,\frac37,\frac47,\frac57,\frac67,\frac77$$ |
Choose a number from Set A and a number from Set B to complete this equation and make it true:
$$\frac67 =$$
_____
$$\times$$
_____
Choose a different number from Set A and a number from Set B to complete the equation to make it true:
$$\frac67 =$$
_____
$$\times$$
_____
c.   Explain or show how you know that the two equations you wrote are both true.


aligns: no