Svansdottir et al. BMC Public Health 2012, 12:42 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/12/42 Page 6 of 10 Table 2 Multiple linear regression of anxiety, depression and perceived stress scores by Type D personality and covariates Anxiety (N = 256) b R2 Depression (N = 256) B R2 Perceived stress (N = 244) B b R2 0.13 ΔR2 = 0.06, p = 0.010 0.11 ΔR2 = 0.04, p = 0.074 0.16 ΔR2 = 0.03, p = 0.22 Step 1 Type D personality Step 2 Type D personality Age Gender (female) Family status (married) Higher education ≥ 2 Vessel disease Previous cardiac history *p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.001 B 1.88 1.74 -0.05 0.80 0.29 -0.18 -0.02 -0.06 .36** .33** -.21** .15* .05 -.04 -.00 -.01 Exercise Weight Diet Minimal exercise (< 20 min 3× a week) Have attended rehabilitation Gained weight after the angiography Gained weight (obese patients, BMI ≥ 25) Have breakfast every day Consume fruits and vegetables every day Consume fish seldom (≤ 1 a week) Smoking Smoking prevalence at follow-up Psychopharmacological medication use Use sleeping pills regularly Use antidepressants regularly Use anxiety-reducing medication regularly *Data are presented as percentages (N) unless otherwise specified N 268 263 268 221 267 267 268 266 261 263 263 differences were found regarding whether patients had breakfast every day. Likewise, no difference was found in exercise between groups. A trend towards Type D patients being more likely to have gained weight after the angiography compared to non-Type D patients was found although not significant (c2(1, N = 268) = 3.37; p = 0.066). A separate analysis was conducted post hoc in overweight patients (BMI ≥ 25) to explore this matter further, and revealed that 18% of overweight Type D patients reported having gained weight after the angio- graphy compared to 8% of non-Type D patients (c2(1, N = 221) = 4.47; p = 0.035). At follow-up, the prevalence of smoking was 17% in Type D patients versus 8% in non-Type D patients (c2(1, N = 266) = 5.09; p = 0.024). A similar trend for smoking was noted at baseline, although not statistically signifi- cant. Finally, more patients with Type D personality reported use of antidepressants (17% versus 9%; c2(1, N = 263) = 3.86; p = 0.049) and sleeping pills (49% versus 2 33%; c (1, N = 261) = 5.46; p = 0.019), compared to their non-Type D counterparts. However, no difference was found in reported anxiety medication use between groups. Secondary analysis of significant results using re-scaled Type D scale scores was a significant predictor for anxiety (b = 0.65, p < 0.001), depression (b = 0.30, p = 0.006), and stress (b = 0.36, p = 0.001), and SI was a significant predictor for depression (b = 0.25, p = 0.009). After adjustment for Table 3 Prevalence of certain health-related behavior practices across groups at follow-up* p-value 0.85 0.43 0.066 0.035 0.38 0.064 0.001 0.024 0.019 0.049 0.49 B 1.23 1.19 0.01 -0.63 -0.39 -.45 -0.28 -0.10 .33** .32** .04 -.17* -.10 -.13* -.08 -.03 Total 11% (29) 30% (78) 11% (30) 10% (23) 90% (240) 78% (208) 9% (25) 10% (27) 37% (96) 11% (29) 12% (32) non-Type D 11% (21) 28% (55) 9% (18) 8% (13) 91% (179) 81% (159) 5% (10) 8% (15) 33% (63) 9% (17) 11% (22) 5.76 5.54 -0.09 0.51 -0.33 -1.24 0.27 0.83 .41** .39** -.15* .04 -.02 -.10 .02 .06 Type D 11% (8) 33% (23) 17% (12) 18% (10) 87% (61) 70% (49) 21% (15) 17% (12) 49% (33) 17% (12) 15% (10)