I. Obermiller and S. I. Ahamed plugged into a computer to transfer data; collection is not seamless. As part of the SENSATION Project [12] researchers have put together a system using the latest technology to detect sleep and sleepiness. They proposed using a ring that detects heart rate and wirelessly transmits the data, pressure sensitive ﬁlm to measure chest and limb movement, a microcamera to make sure a driver’s eyes are on the road, and (BAN) technology to have all the parts communicate wirelessly. As apparent by the choice of sensors, the consortium is more focused on preventing driver from falling asleep at the wheel than collecting data for diagnosis of sleeping disorders. Taking a diﬀerent, completely noninvasive approach to sleep monitoring, researchers at the University of Tokyo [13] have used the “surrounding sensor approach.” Instead of placing sensors on the subject’s body, they are using motion sensors, cameras, and microphones placed in the surround- ing environment to provide noninvasive monitoring. The downside to this approach, although it is meant for home use, is that it is not very portable and therefore must be semipermanent. Another approach to inexpensive sleep monitoring has been implemented by the University of Washington Seattle with the use of multimodal sensors. As opposed to the expensive actigraph, they investigated the possibility of using a passive infrared camera to record motion during sleep, a decision which carries the same consequences as the surrounding sensor approach, and may be more diﬃcult to setup than sensors that simply attach to the body. The last system we will review is the FPGA-based sleep apnea screening device for home monitoring developed by researchers at the University of Cairo. The purpose of their system is to determine whether or not a patient should undergo a full polysomnography exam, instead of being used in place of a sleep center. Also, diﬀering from our system, the data is recorded on a Secure Digital card to be processed later by the doctor. 9. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE RESEARCH In this paper, we have presented the details of PATHOS, a hardware- and software-based implementation for monitor- ing sleeping conditions and lifestyle habits related to sleeping conditions from the comfort of the user’s home. It has been designed to break the ﬁeld of polysomnography away from the sleep center and bring it into the patient’s home by using wireless connectivity and existing hardware. By doing so, we hope that a more inviting system will lead to the diagnosis of more sleeping disorders and increase the comfort of many people. In the future, we will be ﬁnishing the implementation in order to test the system with a real patient, collecting data and displaying output on a handheld device. We will also be running more extensive test of the graphical user interface. These analyses will allow us to assess the strengths and weaknesses of our design and modify it accordingly. Additionally, we would like to produce algorithms for calculating sleep quality scores and look at how perceived sleep quality matches up with actual sleep quality. 9 REFERENCES [1] http://www.sleepfoundation.org/. [2] X. Zhu, W. Chen, T. Nemoto, et al., “Real-time monitoring of respiration rhythm and pulse rate during sleep,” IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 53, no. 12, pp. 2553–2563, 2006. [3] K. M. Al-Ashmouny, H. M. Hamed, and A. A. 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