N = 115 40(35.1) 23(20.2) 9(7.9) 6(5.4) 9.5(6–13) 63(9–171.5) 4(3–6) 15(13.2) 22(19.3) 7(6.1) 13(11.5) 6(5.3) 2(1.8) Group 2 3(1–4) 9(7.9) 12(80.0) 7(1–57) 4(3–5) N = 152 24(15.8) 4(2.7) 8(5.3) 1(.7) 8.3(5.6–11) 192 (96–441.5) 4(3–5) 24(15.8) 20(13.2) 4(2.6) 8(5.3) 8(5.3) 8(5.3) Group 3 2(1–4) 4(2.6) 16(66.7) 1(1–8) 4(2–5) 3 P-value∗ < .0001 < .0001 .57 .06 .07 < .0001 .07 .70 .03 .16 .007 .89 .16 P-value∗ .54 .001 .54 .015 .39 Judette Louis et al Cesarean section Elective Emergent General anesthesia Duration of labor (hours)∗∗ Duration of membrane rupture (minutes)∗∗ Vaginal exams∗∗ Febrile morbidity Any complication Multiple complications Infectious morbidity Wound complication Hemorrhage Duration of fever (d) Imaging IV antibiotics Time to ABX initiation (h) LOS (d) 50 (5.5–390.5) N = 33 19(59.4) 15(46.9) 3(9.4) 1(3.7) 6(3–8) 3(3–6) 6(18.8) 10(32.3) 3(9.7) 7(22.6) 1(3.2) 0 Group 1 3(1–6) 6(18.8) 5(83.3) 9 (3–27) 6(2–8) †Data presented as N (%) or median (interquartile range). ∗Represents comparison across groups. ∗∗Among women with vaginal delivery. Table 3: Management of febrile morbidity.† Table 2: Clinical data by group.† Group 1 (AIDS) Group 2 (HIV infected) Group 3 (HIV uninfected) †Data presented as N (%) or median (interquartile range). ∗Represents comparison across groups. Table 4: Logistic regression modeling for risk factors for postpar- tum morbidity. Group 1 Group 2 Government insured Age Nulliparous BMI Drug abuse history Smoking Cesarean after labor Intrapartum fever Duration of rupture of membranes Cesarean delivery Odds ratio .66 .673 1.214 .959 1.161 .984 .640 1.647 .686 .087 1.002 19.486 95.0% CI .14–3.1 .19–2.4 .36–4.1 .864–1.1 .34–3.9 .9–1.04 .14–2.9 .5–5.3 .1–4.7 .009–.84 1.0–1.004 5.4–69.8 DISCUSSION We found an association between advanced HIV disease and postpartum morbidity. In particular, infectious morbidity was diagnosed more frequently in women with advanced HIV disease than in relatively immunocompetent HIV- infected women and in HIV-uninfected women. When con- trolling for potential confounders, the majority of the risk appeared to be associated with cesarean delivery and not HIV immune status. Additionally, in the management of postpar- tum febrile morbidity, there was an increased use of imaging and a delay in initiation of antibiotics among women with AIDS. Our ﬁnding is similar to a previously published study by Marcollet et al. In a retrospective review of 401 HIV- infected women, Marcollet et al found that women with AIDS were more likely to have febrile morbidity but there was no diﬀerence in postpartum complications [6]. In that study, the predominant risk was associated with cesarean delivery. Watts et al in a study of 497 women participat- ing in the Pediatric Aids Clinical Trial Group study of HIV-infected women with a CD4 count below 500 cells/µL demonstrated an increased risk of postpartum morbidity but that risk was associated with cesarean delivery [7]. Other studies that estimated risk focused only on patients under- going cesarean delivery. In those studies, risk appeared to