98. Schmid AI, Chmelik M, Szendroedi J, Krššák M, Brehm A, Moser E, Roden M (2008) Quantitative ATP synthesis in human liver measured by localized 31P spectroscopy using the magneti- zation transfer experiment. NMR Biomed 21:437–443 99. Jiang T, Liu S, Xiao XS, Toa XF, Liu GH, Wang JL (2008) Diagnosis of rejection after liver transplantation: use of phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Abdom Imaging. doi:10.1007/s00261-008-9451-1 100. Orlacchio A, Bolacchi F, Cadioli M, Bergamini A, Cozzolino V, Angelico M, Simonetti G (2008) Evaluation of the severity of chronic hepatitis C with 3-T 1H-MR spectroscopy. AJR Am J Roentgenol 190:1331–1339 101. Roser W, Beckmann N, Wiesman U, Seelig J (1996) Absolute concentration of the hepatic glycogen content in a patient with glycogen storage disease by 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Magn Reson Imaging 14:1217–1220 102. Tomiyasu M, Obata T, Nishi Y, Nakamoto H, Nonaka H, Takayama Y, Autio J, Ikehira H, Kanno I (2009) Monitoring of liver glycogen synthesis in diabetic patients using carbon-13 MR spectroscopy. Eur J Radiol. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2008.10.019 103. Wolf W, Albright MJ, Silver MS, Weber H, Reichart U, Sauer R (1987) Fluorine-19 NMR spectroscopic stu- dies of the metabolism of patients undergoing chemotherapy. Magn Reson Imaging 5:165–169 104. Li CW, Negendank WG, Padavic–Shaller KA, O’Dwyer PJ, Murphy-Boesch J, Brown TR (1996) Quantitation of 5-fluorouracil catabo- lism in human liver in vivo by three- dimensional localized 19F magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Clin Cancer Res 2:339–345 105. Semmler W, Bachert-Bauman P, Gückel F, Ermark F, Schlag P, Lorenz WJ, van Kaick G (1990) Real-time follow-up of 5-fluorouracil in the liver of tumor patients by means of F-19 MR spectroscopy. Radiology 174:141–145 106. van Laarhoven HWM, Klomp DWJ, Rijpkema M, Kamm YLM, Wegener DJT, Barentz JO, Punt CJA, Heerschap A (2007) Prediction of chemotherapeutic response of colo- rectal liver metastases with dynamic gadolinium-DTPA-enhanced MRI and localized 19F MRS pharmacokinetic studies of 5-fluorouracil. NMR Biomed 20:128–140 107. Boesiger P, Buchli R, Meier B, Steinmann B, Gitzelmann R (1994) Changes of liver metabolite concen- trations in adults with disorders of fructose metabolism after intravenous fructose by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Pediatr Res 36:436–440 108. Dufour JF, Stoupis C, Lazeyras F, Vock P, Terrier F, Reichen J (1992) Alterations in hepatic fructose metabolism in cirrhotic patients dem- onstrated by dynamic 31phosphorus spectroscopy. Hepatology 15:835–842 109. Leij-Halfwerk S, Dagnelie PC, van den Berg JWO Wilson JHP, Sijens PE (2000) Hepatic sugar phosphate levels and rate of gluconeogenesis in lung cancer: simultaneous turnover mea- surements and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy in vivo. Clin Sci 98:167– 174 2607 110. Leij-Halfwerk S, van den Berg JWO, Sijens PE, Wilson JHP, Oudkerk M, Dagnelie PC (2000) Altered hepatic gluconeogenesis during L-alanine in- fusion in weight losing lung cancer patients as observed by 31P MR spec- troscopy and turnover measurements. Cancer Res 60:618–623 111. Leij-Halfwerk S, Agteresch HJ, Sijens PE, Dagnelie PC (2002) Adenosine triphosphate infusion increases liver energy status in advanced lung cancer patients: an in vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Hepa- tology 35:421–424 112. Dagnelie PC, Bell JD, Cox IJ, Menon DK, Sargentoni J, Couts GA, Williams SCR (1993) Effects of fish oil on phospholipid metabolism in human and rat liver studied by 31P NMR spectroscopy in vivo and in vitro. NMR Biomed 6:157–162 113. Kuo YT, Li CW, Chen CY, Jao J, Wu DK, Liu GC (2004) In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of large focal hepatic lesions and metab- olite change of hepatocellular carci- noma before and after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization using 3.0-T MR scanner. J Magn Reson Imaging 19:598–604 114. Soper R, Himmelreich U, Painter D, Somorjai RL, Lean CL, Dolenko B, Mountford CE, Russell P (2002) Pathology of hepatocellular carcinoma and its precursors using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and a statistical classification strategy. Pathology 34:417–422