1086 Study Table 2 (continued) Country and time period Design and setting Patients and methods NB patients N of patients analysed (%) NB stage Control patients Results N of patients with CHD (%) N of controls with CHD (%) Significance Narod et al. [24] England, Scotland, Wales, 1971–1986 Multicentre (national cancer registry) retrospective cohort study Patients (<15 years) diagnosed with NB in registry (n=1208) 1208 (100) nm – – – Information from hospitals and family doctors, postal questionnaire to family doctors (in part of patients) 7 (0.6) Method of review of cardiac status Cancer registry data Menegaux et al. [18] Yanai et al. [29] Chow et al. [5] Munzer et al. [22] Current study ma patients (two of 119, 1.7%) did not differ significantly from the proportion of CHD in this control group (seven of 192, 3.6%) (P= 0.49). EUROCAT Northern Netherlands reported 2,526 patients with CHD in 404,790 live births between January 1981 and January 2006, which corre- sponds to a prevalence rate of 62.4 per 10,000 (0.62%). The proportion of CHD in our neuroblastoma cohort was not significantly higher than the proportion of CHD reported by EUROCAT (P= 0.17). Review of the medical charts of the 14 surviving patients in whom echocardiography could not be obtained (n= 12) or echocardiography was inaccurate (n = 2), did not reveal evidence of CHD. Medical records were still available of 176 of 185 deceased patients (95.1%). Review of these records showed CHD in one patient (coarctation of the aorta and bicuspid aortic valve). In the remaining 175 patients no evidence of CHD was observed. When we considered all survivors and non-survivors together, echocardiography or medical records were available in 309 patients (133 survivors and 176 non-survivors). If we assumed that all patients without evidence of CHD have normal hearts, three of 309 patients (1.0%, 95% CI 0.20–2.81) had CHD. Friedman et al. [10] USA, in parts 1965–1994 Single centre retrospective patient series Patients with NB listed in autopsy files (n=58) Patients (<=14 years) with NB in registry (n=nm) 58 (100) nm 323 (>95) nm – – – Review of data in computerised autopsy databank 2 (3.5) 2 (0.6) – – – Eur J Pediatr (2009) 168:1081–1090 Nishi et al. [26] George et al. [11] Japan, 1969–1996 Multicentre (national cancer registry) retrospective cohort study USA, 1990–2000 Single centre retrospective cohort study Patients newly diagnosed with NB (n=158)b 70 (44) INSS stage 1–3, 31%; stage 4, 69% Consecutive patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia from the same centre, same period (n=192) Retrospective review of echocardiographic reports 14 (20.0) 7 (3.6) P=0.0001