2 Obstetrics and Gynecology International Artery and ovaric vein Left ovary Broad ligament Left urethra Left uterine Arteries and veins internal iliaque Umbilical artery Vaginal arteries and veins Body of the uterus Uterine arteries and veins Bladder Vagina Figure 1: Arteries and veins of the genital apparatus of the bitch (Seen side left). Uterine veins Uterine artery Cervix Left ovary Ovaries pedicle Broad ligament Round ligament Figure 2: Uterine irrigation. prophylaxis with Cefalexin RILEXINE N.D.v, at a dose of 20 mg/kg every 12 hours during 3 days, is also advisable to prevent bacteraemia. (i) Another indication is that of convenience, that is, sterilisation, as many owners complain of the man- ifestations of heat with vulvular discharge, as well as the problems associated with repeated matings. (ii) Finally, and with the owner’s consent, ovariohys- terectomy can be proposed as a radical alternative to medical abortion following an unwanted pregnancy, as it also involves deﬁnitive sterilisation [1]. However, there are certain contraindications to the procedure, such as if the bitch presents with a generalised condition with hypothermia, dehydration, and mydriasis. Similarly, animals presenting with hepatorenal insuﬃciency should not undergo general anaesthesia if the urea levels are greater than 0.6 g/L and the creatinine is greater than 10 mg/L, such animals are associated with poor peri- and postoperative survival. It is therefore essential to perform a complete, detailed preoperative clinical examination, with blood tests for serum biochemistry. 2. Materials and Method 2.1. Anatomy. The genital apparatus of the bitch is primarily located in the abdominal cavity, with the exception of the vagina, which lies in the pelvis [6, 7] (Figures 1 and 2). The neck of the uterus is relatively short, it measures 1- 2 cm long, and lies a few centimetres in front of the anterior border of the pubis; it is followed by the body of the uterus, which measures 3–5 cm in length in the intrabdominal position, and which starts from the anterior straight of the pelvis then divides after a few centimetres into two divergent horns, which lie on the ﬂoor of the abdomen on either side of the linea alba, then travel back up towards the ovaries;