35 PROPELLER MRI of Hippocampal Sclerosis Figure 1. T1-weighted volume (left column), T2-weighted (middle) and PROPELLER (right) MRI scans at equivalent planes through the hippocampus from three patients. The PROPELLER scans had superior contrast between grey and white matter and within the hippocampal formation. HS can be seen in all patients (left HS, i.e., right on MR images, top and bottom rows; right HS, i.e., left on MR images, middle row). Arrowheads indicate the normal band of myelinated tissue in the superﬁcial aspect of the parahippocampal gyrus extending into the hippocampus proper. Arrows indicate the normal grey matter signal of the subiculum, CA1 and the “C”-shaped contours of the dentate gyrus with intervening white matter strata (strata moleculare, lacunosum and radiatum). Epilepsia C ILAE prepare resected tissue in sections stained for Nissl (cre- syl violet/LFB), and immunolabeled for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; Dako, Cambridge, UK; polyclonal 1:1,500), neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN; Chemicon, Temecula, CA, U.S.A.; monoclonal 1:2,000) and dynor- phin (Serotec, Oxford, UK; polyclonal 1:100). Timms staining was carried out to confirm the presence of mossy fiber sprouting in each case. An experienced epilepsy neu- ropathologist (MT) made a qualitative tissue assessment for clinical purposes. Epilepsia, 49(1):33–39, 2008 doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01277.x