Pinheiro, Borges, Lima lesions by visual examination; and (2) caries depth peak of each reading was recorded and a mean between the enamel-dentin junction and middle was obtained. one-third of dentin shown in a radiograph. Exclu- Manual caries removal was performed with a sion criteria were the presence of restorations and sharp excavator (SS White), so that the operator white spot lesions or cavitations on other tooth removed all soft dentin until a slightly hard sur- surfaces. face was tactually perceived.24 After carious re- Both the visual and radiographic exams were moval, the color of the remaining pulp floor dentin performed by a single trained and calibrated op- was assessed by a previously calibrated examiner erator. Visual examination was made after pum- (kappa 0,93) according to the following scores:19 ice and water prophylaxis, using a flat mirror (SS- (0) light yellow, (1) yellow, (2) light brown, (3) dark White, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil), triplex syringe brown, (4) Black. Afterwards, the fluorescence of and headlight (Gnatus, Araraquara, SP, Brazil). dentin was again measured using the DIAGNOdent For radiographic examination, bite-wing radiogra- device with the tip B set to 1 mm from the pulp phy was performed using a positioner (Indusbello, cavity wall. Cavity finishing was performed with a Londrina, PR, Brazil) to visualize the carious le- carbide bur #245 (KG Sorensen) coupled to a low- sion depth. speed turbine (Kavo). The cavity was washed with saline solution and dried using sterile cotton wool. Clinical Steps (Baseline Period) GIC (Vidrion F, SS White) was used to place After anesthesia and rubber dam placement, indirect pulp capping (about 1mm thickness) on access to caries was created with a carbide bur the cavity floor after agglutination of this material #245 (KG Sorensen, Barueri, SP Brazil). DIAGNO- according to the manufacturer’s recommenda- dent was calibrated with a ceramic standard us- tion. Two thin coats of cavity varnish Cavitine (SS ing a fiber-optic broad tip (tip B) and fluorescence White) were applied on the entire cavity and dried reading was taken on carious dentin before cavity with a short, gentle blast of air after each applica- preparation. Tip B was used around the entire ex- tion. After this, teeth were restored with Velvalloy tension of the cavosurface angle three times. The (SS White) associated with K-Dent Mercury (Qui- midrol) in a 1:1 ratio. Occlusal contacts were veri- fied with a carbon paper (Accu Film II, Parkell In., Farmingdale, NY, USA) and adjusted if necessary using 12-blade finishing burs (Maillefer, Ballai- gues, Switzerland). Forty-eight hours after amal- gam condensation, amalgams were finished and polished using 12-blade burs (Maillefer) or abra- sive rubbers (KG Sorensen), respectively. After the teeth were restored, a bitewing ra- diograph was taken for the purpose of comparing the teeth after the 12-month follow-up period. To obtain geometric standardization of films, bite- wing film holders were used. A piece of self-cured acrylic resin (Duralay, Reliance, Illinois, USA) was Figure 1. Demineralization of dentin during observation periods in this study. Means followed by different lowercase letters are statistically different (P<.05). Table 1. Materials used in this study. Classification Composition Conventional low-viscosity glass ionomer cement Powder: Na-Ca-Al-flurosilicate-Ba sulfate, acrylic acid; liquid: tartaric acid, water Commercial number (manufacturer) Vidrion F SS White, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Cavitine SS White, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Velvalloy SS White, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil K-Dent Quimidrol, Joinville, SC, Brazil July 2012 - Vol.6 Copal cavity varnish Admixed amalgam Mercury Nitrocellulose (8g%), ethyl acetate and ethylic alcohol Silver (70g%), stantium (26g%), copper (3g%) and zinc (1g%) 265 Mercury European Journal of Dentistry Lot number Powder: 131207 Liquid: 100907 10210 ORE 7