Ma and Yu: Global Burden of Cancer 89 Table 3. Age-specific mortality rates of all cancers (except skin) among males in 2002*. Table 4. Age-specific mortality rates of all cancers (except skin) among females in 2002*. 0-14 10.66 7.11 7.28 6.13 4.14 5.98 6.06 6.35 2.65 5.05 6.87 4.3 7.27 5.53 3.33 3.47 3.09 3.7 5.7 7.97 3.45 0-14 7.15 5.04 5.27 4.67 3.3 5.01 5.22 5.19 2.32 3.74 5.47 2.79 5.82 4.56 2.6 3.04 2.21 2.67 3.84 4.12 4.81 15-44 59.17 49.73 19.81 38.82 28.02 16.74 14.61 18.4 16.3 31.07 19.89 15.79 18.86 28.64 14.52 20.38 19.58 15.37 24.69 23.48 20.46 15-44 60.04 52.21 29.24 40.94 41.77 26.66 20.72 23.87 19.4 20.79 24.98 22.32 21.36 28.97 20.44 19.93 20.7 19.18 37.06 29.33 48.83 45-54 204.22 198.74 111.83 240.95 152.52 120.01 75.72 131.69 128.69 229.81 147.18 113.69 122.48 256.3 131.68 175.51 177.63 110.58 152.6 128.46 203.46 45-54 256.42 213.85 135.05 219.9 198.17 140.65 133.72 148.37 124.07 134.74 156.44 151.7 123.79 158.84 138.34 119.1 127.62 116.09 233.53 175.51 268.4 55-64 380.4 375.94 293.42 584.94 244.21 343.39 230.21 369.27 417.08 471.03 339.23 283.14 379.68 750.41 413.01 495.03 483.88 378.27 358.93 323.52 529.58 55-64 408.34 313.89 208.92 364.99 264.1 269.81 253.04 285.8 321.35 250.45 244.17 265.77 238.9 326.95 327.26 244.68 274.95 283.8 400.91 261.52 247.04 Eastern Africa Middle Africa Northern Africa Southern Africa Western Africa Caribbean Central America South America North American Eastern Asia Southeastern Asia South Central Asia Western Asia Eastern Europe Northern Europe Southern Europe Western Europe Australia/New Zealand Melanesia Micronesia Polynesia Eastern Africa Middle Africa Northern Africa Southern Africa Western Africa Caribbean Central America South America North American Eastern Asia Southeastern Asia South Central Asia Western Asia Eastern Europe Northern Europe Southern Europe Western Europe Australia/New Zealand Melanesia Micronesia Polynesia *Rates are per 100,000 person-years. **Age-standardized rates using the world standard. exposed to various occupational exposures. However, as many developing countries go through an economic transition from prima- rily agricultural activities to more industrial development and manufacturing, there may be concerns about the lack of resources in monitoring occupational exposures and de- veloping or reinforcing occupational stan- dards, which is usually an ongoing process. For example, the current United States’ oc- cupational standard for benzene, one of the most widely used industrial chemicals and a known human carcinogen, is 1 part per mil- lion (ppm) or 3.26 mg/m3. This is consider- ably lower than the occupational standard for benzene in China between 1979 and 65+ 736.85 646.45 522.28 951.5 340.43 1229.53 859.4 1112.8 1394.91 1198.95 692.48 495.86 778.81 1356.35 1517.66 1447.52 1518.44 1412.69 667.37 884.31 738.05 65+ 482.72 375.8 276.45 483.42 253.65 690.16 630.68 731.22 910.18 590.09 385.43 307.54 432.93 633.93 958.56 714.06 864.06 841.32 424.78 492.51 368.27 All ages 73.9 65.6 53.9 94.5 41.3 123.8 63 101.1 210.2 167 73 55.2 74.4 253.5 269.9 294.4 294.6 213.9 57.3 80.4 86.1 All ages 75 61.5 50.2 81.1 50.2 100.3 67.9 93.4 185.8 100.8 62.5 55.2 57.7 175.7 236.9 189.03 224.9 167.1 66.5 66.8 79.2 ASR** 133.2 120.8 83.1 158.5 73.5 135.8 95.1 131.8 153 161.8 102.5 78 108.7 197.2 161 170.1 173.9 149.1 104.6 114.5 126.3 ASR** 122.7 99 65.1 106.3 79.7 98.4 89.6 102.2 112.1 86.3 76.2 69.9 74 101.9 118.1 92.2 106.1 103.4 104.6 88.6 97.6