348 comparison of manual tracing and automated segmentation in a large community-based sample. PLoS One, 4(4), e5265. Chupin, M., Hammers, A., Liu, R. S., Colliot, O., Burdett, J., Bardinet, E., Duncan, J. S., Garnero, L., & Lemieux, L. (2009). Automatic segmentation of the hippocampus and the amygdala driven by hybrid constraints: method and validation. NeuroImage, 46(3), 749–761. Collins, D. L., & Pruessner, J. C. (2010). Towards accurate, automatic segmentation of the hippocampus and amygdala from MRI by augmenting ANIMAL with a template library and label fusion. NeuroImage, 52(4), 1355–1366. Cowell, P. E., Sluming, V. A., Wilkinson, I. D., Cezayirli, E., Romanowski, C. A., Webb, J. A., Keller, S. S., Mayes, A., & Roberts, N. (2007). Effects of sex and age on regional prefrontal brain volume in two human cohorts. European Journal of Neuroscience, 25(1), 307–318. Crum, W. R., Scahill, R. I., & Fox, N. C. (2001). Automated hippo- campal segmentation by regional fluid registration of serial MRI: validation and application in Alzheimer’s disease. NeuroImage, 13(5), 847–855. de Jong, L. W., van der Hiele, K., Veer, I. M., Houwing, J. J., Westendorp, R. G., Bollen, E. L., de Bruin, P. W., Middelkoop, H. A., van Buchem, M. A., & van der Grond, J. (2008). Strongly reduced volumes of putamen and thalamus in Alzheimer’s disease: an MRI study. Brain, 131(Pt 12), 3277–3285. Deppe, M., Kellinghaus, C., Duning, T., Moddel, G., Mohammadi, S., Deppe, K., Schiffbauer, H., Kugel, H., Keller, S. S., Ringelstein, E. B., & Knecht, S. (2008). Nerve fiber impairment of anterior thalamocortical circuitry in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Neurology, 71(24), 1981–1985. Dewey, J., Hana, G., Russell, T., Price, J., McCaffrey, D., Harezlak, J., Sem, E., Anyanwu, J. C., Guttmann, C. R., Navia, B., Cohen, R., & Tate, D. F. (2010). Reliability and validity of MRI-based automated volumetry software relative to auto-assisted manual measurement of subcortical structures in HIV-infected patients from a multisite study. NeuroImage, 51(4), 1334–1344. Dom, R., Malfroid, M., & Baro, F. (1976). Neuropathology of Hun- tington’s chorea. Studies of the ventrobasal complex of the thala- mus. Neurology, 26(1), 64–68. Douaud, G., Gaura, V., Ribeiro, M. J., Lethimonnier, F., Maroy, R., Verny, C., Krystkowiak, P., Damier, P., Bachoud-Levi, A. C., Hantraye, P., & Remy, P. (2006). Distribution of grey matter atrophy in Huntington’s disease patients: a combined ROI-based and voxel-based morphometric study. NeuroImage, 32(4), 1562– 1575. Du, H., Zhang, Y., Xie, B., Wu, N., Wu, G., Wang, J., Jiang, T., & Feng, H. (2011). Regional atrophy of the basal ganglia and thalamus in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 33(4), 817–821. Duvernoy, H. (1999). The human brain. Surface, blood supply and three-dimensional sectional anatomy. New York: New York Springer. Engelborghs, S., Marien, P., Martin, J. J., & De Deyn, P. P. (1998). Functional anatomy, vascularisation and pathology of the human thalamus. Acta Neurologica Belgica, 98(3), 252–265. Eriksen, N., Rostrup, E., Andersen, K., Lauritzen, M. J., Fabricius, M., Larsen, V. A., Dreier, J. P., Strong, A. J., Hartings, J. A., & Pakkenberg, B. (2010). Application of stereological estimates in patients with severe head injuries using CT and MR scanning images. British Journal of Radiology, 83(988), 307–317. Fischl, B., Salat, D. H., Busa, E., Albert, M., Dieterich, M., Haselgrove, C., van der Kouwe, A., Killiany, R., Kennedy, D., Klaveness, S., Montillo, A., Makris, N., Rosen, B., & Dale, A. M. (2002). Whole brain segmentation: automated labeling of neuroanatomical structures in the human brain. Neuron, 33(3), 341–355. Garcia-Finana, M., Cruz-Orive, L. M., Mackay, C. E., Pakkenberg, B., & Roberts, N. (2003). Comparison of MR imaging against Neuroinform (2012) 10:341–350 physical sectioning to estimate the volume of human cerebral compartments. NeuroImage, 18(2), 505–516. Garcia-Finana, M., Keller, S. S., & Roberts, N. (2009). Confidence intervals for the volume of brain structures in Cavalieri sampling with local errors. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 179(1), 71–77. Gong, G., Concha, L., Beaulieu, C., & Gross, D. W. (2008). Thalamic diffusion and volumetry in temporal lobe epilepsy with and with- out mesial temporal sclerosis. Epilepsy Research, 80(2–3), 184– 193. Gundersen, H. J., & Jensen, E. B. (1987). The efficiency of systematic sampling in stereology and its prediction. Journal of Microscopy, 147(Pt 3), 229–263. Gundersen, H. J., Jensen, E. B., Kieu, K., & Nielsen, J. (1999). The efficiency of systematic sampling in stereology–reconsidered. Journal of Microscopy, 193(Pt 3), 199–211. Hallahan, B. P., Craig, M. C., Toal, F., Daly, E. M., Moore, C. J., Ambikapathy, A., Robertson, D., Murphy, K. C., & Murphy, D. G. (2011). In vivo brain anatomy of adult males with Fragile X syndrome: an MRI study. NeuroImage, 54(1), 16–24. Herrero, M. T., Barcia, C., & Navarro, J. M. (2002). Functional anatomy of thalamus and basal ganglia. Child’s Nervous System, 18(8), 386–404. Holmes, M. D., Quiring, J., & Tucker, D. M. (2010). Evidence that juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is a disorder of frontotemporal corti- cothalamic networks. NeuroImage, 49(1), 80–93. Howard, M. A., Roberts, N., Garcia-Finana, M., & Cowell, P. E. (2003). Volume estimation of prefrontal cortical subfields using MRI and stereology. Brain Research. Brain Research Protocols, 10(3), 125–138. ILAE. (1989). Proposal for revised classification of epilepsies and epileptic syndromes. Commission on Classification and Termi- nology of the International League Against Epilepsy. Epilepsia, 30(4), 389–399. Jelsing, J., Rostrup, E., Markenroth, K., Paulson, O. B., Gundersen, H. J., Hemmingsen, R., & Pakkenberg, B. (2005). Assessment of in vivo MR imaging compared to physical sections in vitro–a quan- titative study of brain volumes using stereology. NeuroImage, 26 (1), 57–65. Johansen-Berg, H., Behrens, T. E., Sillery, E., Ciccarelli, O., Thompson, A. J., Smith, S. M., & Matthews, P. M. (2005). Functional- anatomical validation and individual variation of diffusion tractography-based segmentation of the human thalamus. Cerebral Cortex, 15(1), 31–39. Jovicich, J., Czanner, S., Han, X., Salat, D., van der Kouwe, A., Quinn, B., Pacheco, J., Albert, M., Killiany, R., Blacker, D., Maguire, P., Rosas, D., Makris, N., Gollub, R., Dale, A., Dickerson, B. C., & Fischl, B. (2009). MRI-derived measurements of human subcor- tical, ventricular and intracranial brain volumes: Reliability effects of scan sessions, acquisition sequences, data analyses, scanner upgrade, scanner vendors and field strengths. NeuroImage, 46(1), 177–192. Kassubek, J., Juengling, F. D., Ecker, D., & Landwehrmeyer, G. B. (2005). Thalamic atrophy in Huntington’s disease co-varies with cognitive performance: a morphometric MRI analysis. Cerebral Cortex, 15(6), 846–853. Keller SS, Ahrens T, Mohammadi S, Moddel G, Kugel H, Bernd Ringelstein E, Deppe M. (2011a). Microstructural and volumetric abnormalities of the putamen in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsia In press. Keller, S. S., Baker, G., Downes, J. J., & Roberts, N. (2009). Quanti- tative MRI of the prefrontal cortex and executive function in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior, 15 (2), 186–195. Keller, S. S., Highley, J. R., Garcia-Finana, M., Sluming, V., Rezaie, R., & Roberts, N. (2007). Sulcal variability, stereological