Eswaraiah et al. Nanoscale Research Letters 2011, 6:137 http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/6/1/137 Page 6 of 11 Figure 5 Field emission scanning electron microscope images. (a) PVDF, (b) f-MWCNTs, (c) MNTs, (d) 1 wt.% MNTs-PVDF, (e) 2 wt.% MNTs- PVDF, and (f) high-resolution image of 2 wt.% f-MWCNTs-PVDF. % MNTs filled PVDF composite along with 1 wt.% MWCNTs. It is observed that a very good microstruc- ture has been formed, and f-MWCNTs were uniformly dispersed and embedded between the MNTs throughout the PVDF matrix. This good network can increase the number of inter nanostructure connections, and hence provide better EMI SE. Further, to confirm the homoge- neity of the composites, we have performed X-ray ele- mental mapping over the sample surface to visualize the atomic elements of manganese, oxygen, carbon, and Figure 6 Field emission scanning electron microscope images. (a) 3 wt.% MNTs-PVDF, (b) 4 wt.% MNTs-PVDF, (c) 5 wt.% MNTs-PVDF, (d) 1 wt.% f-MWCNTs-5 wt.% MNTs-PVDF, and (e) 2 wt.% f-MWCNTs-5 wt.% MNTs-PVDF, and (f) high-resolution image of 1 wt.% f-MWCNTs-5 wt.% MNTs-PVDF.