El-Batarny induced cataract which cleared during the ﬁrst week. Corneal erosions were observed in 5 cases (33.3%) in the early post- operative period. Postoperative bleeding was reported in 4 eyes (26.6%); 3 cases of which were gas treated (50% of gas treated cases), all of them during the ﬁrst 3 postoperative weeks and in the fourth case bleeding occurred after silicone removal. All cases cleared spontaneously within 3–6 weeks without treatment. Rubeosis was reported in 1 case (6.7%) under silicone oil which was associated with peripheral detachment in lower retina. Subsequent surgeries: Seven cases (46.7%) treated with silicone oil had oil removal and cataract surgery between 4–6 months. Two cases with redetachment underwent re-PPV with silicone oil. Group 2 – PPV + bevacizumab Preoperative data The age of the patients ranged between 23 and 57 years with a mean of 44 ± 11. Seven cases had DM type Ι and 8 had type 2. All cases except 2 had some degree of laser treatment during the course of the disease. The distribution of cases according to indication for surgery was shown in Table 1. Mean preoperative visual acuity was 0.01 ± 7.3 lines (mean log mar 1.99 ± 0.73), (range between HM and 0.1). Five cases (30%) had visual acuity of 0.05 or better. Cataract surgery was done in 3 cases; 2 phaco and 1 ECCE. There was evident regression of retinal neovasculariza- tion (Figure 1) with no signiﬁcant deterioration of traction between bevacizumab injection and PPV in cases in which the retina could be clinically visualized. Intraoperative data Mean surgical time was 61.6 ± 14.5 minutes (range 40–90 minutes). Mean bleeding frequency was 1.9 ± 1.1 times/case (range between 0 and 4 bleeding attacks/case). In 2 operations, there was no bleeding at all. Diathermy was used only in 4 cases with mean frequency of 0.3 ± 0.46 times/case (range 0 to1 times/case). Dissection under PFCL was used in 3 cases (20%). Iatrogenic breaks were reported in 3 cases (20%) and relaxing retinotomies in 2 cases (13.3%). Regarding endotamponade, gas was used in 9 cases (60%), air was in 3 cases (20%) and silicone oil was used in 3 cases (20%). The use of silicone was related to multiple breaks in 1 case, relaxing retinotomies in 1 case and relaxing retinoto- mies with multiple breaks in 1 case. Postoperative data Mean follow up period was 12.9 ± 3.2 months (range 7–18 months). Anatomical attachment was achieved in 14 out of 15 cases (93.3%), 1 case detached due to reproliferation. Final visual acuity showed improvement in 13 cases (86.6%), no change in 2 cases (13.3%). The mean ﬁnal visual acuity reached 0.18 ± 6.8 lines (mean log mar 0.75 ± 0.68) (range between HM and 0.6). This improvement of mean visual acuity was highly signiﬁcant (p 0.001). Four cases (26.6%) reached 20/50 or better. The difference in the mean visual acuity between the 2 groups was not statistically signiﬁcant. (p = 0.52) Postoperative complications were persistent cataract reported in 4 cases (26.6%) (3 in silicone oil cases), and three cases (20%) developed gas-induced cataract which cleared during the ﬁrst week. Corneal erosions were observed in 2 cases (13.3%) in the early postoperative period. None of the cases reported postoperative bleeding or rubeosis. Optic nerve pallor was reported in 1 case. In subsequent surgeries, 3 cases (20%) treated with silicone oil had oil removal and cataract surgery at some- time during the postoperative course. One case (6.7%) with redetachment underwent re-PPV with cataract surgery and silicone oil. Figure 1 Fundus photographs of a case in group 2. A before injection of bevacizumab showing vitreous and subhyaloid hemorrhage and tractional retinal detachment. B 1 week after injection of bevacizumab showing evident regression of retinal neovascularization and C 12 months after vitrectomy with retina attached with near conﬂuent laser marks. 712 Clinical Ophthalmology 2008:2(4)