Survival Response by HO-1 and Its Products 203 by carbon monoxide is mediated by activation of guanylate cyclase. Mol. Pharmacol., 32, 497–504, 1987. [28] Günther, L., Berberat, P.O., Haga, M., Brouard, S., Smith, R.N., Soares, M.P., Bach, F.H., and Tobiasch, E.: Carbon monoxide protects pancreatic beta-cells from apoptosis and improves islet function/survival after transplantation- Diabetes, 51, 994–999, 2002. [29] Pae, H.O., Oh, G.S., Choi, B.M., Chae, S.C., Kim, Y.M., Chung, K.R., and Chung, H.T.: Carbon monoxide produced by heme oxygenase-1 suppresses T cell proliferation via inhibition of IL-2 production. J. Immunol., 172, 4744–4751, 2004. [30] Mannaioni, P.F., Vannacci, A., and Masini, E.: Carbon monoxide: the bad and the good side of the coin, from neuronal death to anti-inflammatory activity. Inflamm. Res., 55, 261–273, 2006. [31] Choi, B.M., Pae, H.O., Kim, Y.M., and Chung, H.T.: Nitric oxide-mediated cytoprotection of hepatocytes from glucose deprivation-induced cytotoxicity: involvement of heme oxy- genase-1. Hepatology, 37, 810–823, 2003. [32] Song, R., Mahidhara, R.S., Liu, F., Ning, W., Otterbein, L.E., and Choi, A.M.: Carbon monoxide inhibits human airway smooth muscle cell proliferation via mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., 27, 603–610, 2002. [33] Balla, J., Vercellotti, G.M., Jeney, V., Yachie, A., Varga, Z., Eaton, J.W., and Balla, G.: Heme, heme oxygenase and ferritin in vascular endothelial cell injury. Mol. Nutr. Food Res., 49, 1030–1043, 2005. [34] Balla, J., Vercellotti, G.M., Jeney, V., Yachie, A., Varga, Z., Jacob, H.S., Eaton, J.W., and Balla, G.: Heme, heme oxy- genase, and ferritin: how the vascular endothelium survives (and dies) in an iron-rich environment. Antioxid. Redox. Signal, 9, 2119–2137, 2007. [35] Ollinger, R., Wang, H., Yamashita, K., Wegiel, B., Thomas, M., Margreiter, R., and Bach, F.H.: Therapeutic applications of bilirubin and biliverdin in transplantation. Antioxid. Redox. Signal, 9, 2175–2185, 2007. [36] Ryter, S.W., Morse, D., and Choi, A.M.: Carbon monoxide and bilirubin: potential therapies for pulmonary/vascular injury and disease. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., 36, 175– 182, 2007. [37] Ogborne, R.M., Rushworth, S.A., Charalambos, C.A., and O’Connell, M.A.: Haem oxygenase-1: a target for dietary antioxidants. Biochem. Soc. Trans., 32, 1003–1005, 2004. [38] Scapagnini, G., Foresti, R., Calabrese, V., Giuffrida, Stella A.M., Green, C.J., and Motterlini, R.: Caffeic acid phenethyl ester and curcumin: a novel class of heme oxygenase-1 inducers. Mol. Pharmacol., 61, 554–561, 2002. [39] Suzuki, K., Tanaka, I., Nakanishi, I., Kurematsu, A., Yakumaru, H., Ikota, N., and Ishihara, H.: Drastic effect of several caffeic acid derivatives on the induction of heme oxygenase-1 expression revealed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Biofactors, 28, 151–158, 2006. [40] Pae, H.O., Jeong, G.S., Jeong, S.O., Kim, H.S., Kim, S.A., Kim, Y.C., Yoo, S.J., Kim, H.D., and Chung, H.T.: Roles of heme oxygenase-1 in curcumin-induced growth inhibition in rat smooth muscle cells. Exp. Mol. Med., 39, 267–277, 2007. [41] Sawle, P., Foresti, R., Mann, B.E., Johnson, T.R., Green, C.J., and Motterlini, R.: Carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CO-RMs) attenuate the inflammatory response elicited by lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 murine macrophages. Br. J. Pharmacol., 145, 800–810, 2005. [42] Lee, B.S., Heo, J., Kim, Y.M., Shim, S.M., Pae, H.O., Kim, Y.M., and Chung, H.T.: Carbon monoxide mediates heme oxygenase 1 induction via Nrf2 activation in hepatoma cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 343, 965–972, 2006. [43] Kim, K.M., Pae, H.O., Zheng, M., Park, R., Kim, Y.M., and Chung, H.T.: Carbon monoxide induces heme oxygenase-1 via activation of protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase and inhibits endothelial cell apoptosis triggered by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Circ. Res., 101, 919–927, 2007. Vol. 42, No. 3, 2008