Korean J Pediatr 2010;53(6):688-693 • DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2010.53.6.688 693 systolic hypertension in children: a cross-sectional echocardiographic study. Circulation 1983;68:68-75. 21) Nagaya N, Nishikimi T, Okano Y, Uematsu M, Satoh T, Kyotani S, et al. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels increase in proportion to the extent of right ventricular dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998;31:202-8. 22) Nir A, Lindinger A, Rauh M, Bar-Oz B, Laer S, Schwachtgen L, et al. NT-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in infants and children: reference values based on combined data from four studies. Pediatr Cardiol 2009;30:3-8. 23) Fitzgerald DA, Massie RJ, Nixon GM, Jaffe A, Wilson A, Landau LI, et al. Infants with chronic neonatal lung disease: recommendations for the use of home oxygen therapy. Med J Aust 2008;189:578-82. 24) Parker TA, Abman SH. The pulmonary circulation in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Semin Neonatol 2003;8:51-61. 25) Balfour-Lynn IM. Domiciliary oxygen for children. Pediatr Clin North Am 2009;56:275-96 26) Mebazaa A, Karpati P, Renaud E, Algotsson L. Acute right ventricular failure--from pathophysiology to new treatments. Intensive Care Med 2004;30:185-96. 27) Bhorade S, Christenson J, O’Connor M, Lavoie A, Pohlman A, Hall JB. Response to inhaled nitric oxide in patients with acute right heart syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;159:571-9. 28) Banks BA, Seri I, Ischiropoulos H, Merrill J, Rychik J, Ballard R A. Changes in oxygenation with inhaled nitric oxide in severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatrics 1999;103:610-8. 29) Kitamukai O, Sakuma M, Takahashi T, Nawata J, Ikeda J, Shirato K. Hemodynamic effects of inhaled nitric oxide using pulse delivery and continuous delivery systems in pulmonary hypertension. Intern Med 2002;41:429-34. 30) Kinsella JP, Cutter GR, Walsh WF, Gerstmann DR, Bose CL, Hart C, et al. Early inhaled nitric oxide therapy in premature newborns with respiratory failure. N Engl J Med 2006;355:354-64. 31) Kinsella JP. Inhaled nitric oxide therapy in premature newborns. Curr Opin Pediatr 2006;18:107-11. 32) Ng J, Finney SJ, Shulman R, Bellingan GJ, Singer M, Glynne PA. Treatment of pulmonary hypertension in the general adult intensive care unit: a role for oral sildenafil? Br J Anaesth 2005;94:774-7. 33) Max M, Rossaint R. Inhaled prostacyclin in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Eur J Pediatr 1999;158 Suppl 1:S23-6. 34) Hoeper MM, Olschewski H, Ghofrani HA, Wilkens H, Winkler J, Borst MM, et al. A comparison of the acute hemodynamic effects of inhaled nitric oxide and aerosolized iloprost in primary pulmonary hypertension. German PPH study group. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;35:176-82. 35) Ivy DD, Doran AK, Smith KJ, Mallory GB, Jr., Beghetti M, Barst RJ, et al. Short- and long-term effects of inhaled iloprost therapy in children with pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008;51:161-9. 36) Hwang SK, O YC, Kim NS, Park HK, Yum MK. Use of inhaled Iloprost in an infant with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and pulmonary artery hypertension. Korean Circ J 2009;39:343-5. 37) Ghofrani HA, Rose F, Schermuly RT, Olschewski H, Wiedemann R, Kreckel A, et al. Oral sildenafil as long-term adjunct therapy to inhaled iloprost in severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;42:158-64. 38) Mourani PM, Sontag MK, Ivy DD, Abman SH. Effects of long-term sildenafil treatment for pulmonary hypertension in infants with chronic lung disease. J Pediatr 2009;154:379-84, 384 e1-2. 39) Stewart DJ, Levy RD, Cernacek P, Langleben D. Increased plasma endothelin-1 in pulmonary hypertension: marker or mediator of disease? Ann Intern Med 1991;114:464-9. 40) Galie N, Hinderliter AL, Torbicki A, Fourme T, Simonneau G, Pulido T, et al. Effects of the oral endothelin-receptor antagonist bosentan on echocardiographic and doppler measures in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;41:1380-6. 41) Rosenzweig EB, Ivy DD, Widlitz A, Doran A, Claussen LR, Yung D, et al. Effects of long-term bosentan in children with pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005;46:697-704. 42) Krishnan U, Krishnan S, Gewitz M. Treatment of pulmonary hyper- tension in children with chronic lung disease with newer oral therapies. Pediatr Cardiol 2008;29:1082-6. 43) Kim GB, Noh Cl. Intensive management of acute right heart failure. Korean J Pediatr 2007;50:1041-8.