Iranian J Parasitol: Vol. 6, No.3, 2011, pp.60-65 at stationary phase. The lesion was devel- oped in the inoculation site after 2-3 weeks. Thirty mice with ulcerated lesion were se- lected and randomly divided in to 3 groups (10 per group), the mice were treated with either films containing paromomycin 15% and gentamicin 0.5% or placebo, and one group was left untreated. The films were changed every 4 days for 28 days; each mouse received 7 films. At the time of changing the film, the size of ulcer in each mouse was measured using vernier scale. The mice were followed up for up to 4 months. ANOVA test was used to analyze the data and p<0.05% was considered significant. Results In vitro experiments No growth of Leishmania was seen in a 30 mm radius of the drug films. On the other hand, growth of Leishmania promastigotes was seen in placebo and control plates, wet mount smears proved the presence of alive, and motile promastigotes in placebo and control plates. Among 1,000 promastigotes was counted, 971±3.6 (97%), in placebo plates and 980±5 (98%) in control plates showed to be alive, but in the experimental plates 101±6 (10%) promastigotes showed to be alive (Table 1). In vivo experiments Lesions appeared at 2-3 weeks after inocula- tion at the base of the tails. The lesions size in group of mice which received the films was significantly (P<0.05%) smaller than the control groups (Fig. 1). In control groups receiving either placebo or no treatment the lesion size continue to progress throughout the 20 weeks duration of the study (Fig. 1). Mean diameter of lesion size in the experi- mental group was 0.4±0.04 mm, in placebo group was 5.04±0.20 mm and in none treated group was 6.42±0.44 mm. At the end of the treatment course 80% of the animals were cured in the experimental group and the mean diameter of the lesions showed to be significantly (P<0.05) decreased in the 20% of the mice with the lesion (1 mm). Table 1: In vitro effect of drug and placebo film on L. major growth Plate Live parasite X±SD % Dead parasite X±SD % Plate with drug film Plate with placebo Plate without drug film 101±6 971±3.6 980±5 10 97 98 899±6 29±6 20±5 90 3 2 Total count 1000 1000 1000 62