A review of cardiopulmonary research in Brazilian medical journals Serrano C, Rocha-e-Silva M. A transplantation candidates (Cipriano et al)1 and on left ventricular systolic function (Berisha et al.).2 The circulatory response to a 50-meter walk in acute coronary syndrome was presented by Dias et al.3 Furtado et al. reported on blood pressure measurements during aerobic exercise in cardiac rehabilitation,4 whereas Oliveira et al. reported on the effect of the walk test on the length of hospital stay for cardiac surgery patients.5 The relationships between fitness, waist circumference and hypertension in elderly Brazilian women were investigated by Krause et al.6 Pelegrino et al. studied the influence of lean body mass on cardiopulmonary repercussions during the six-minute walk test in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).7 Coronary disease was covered in four reports. Silvério et al. conducted a gender-specific evaluation of coronary disease patients’ self-esteem and social support.8 Barbirato studied the use of resting myocardial scintigraphy during chest pain to exclude the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.9 Pesaro et al. investigated the effects of leukocytes and glycemia on the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction.10 Finally, Santos et al. evaluated a new risk score for non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome.11 Heart failure was discussed in five different papers. Del Carlo et al. described the relevance of cardiac troponin T for risk stratification.12 Santos analyzed the quality of life in this group of patients.13 Savioli et al. examined the importance of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide levels in elderly patients with heart failure,14 while Munhoz correlated microneurography and venous occlusion plethysmography with prognosis.15 Margoto et al. examined the clinical and psychosocial features of heart failure patients admitted for clinical decompensation.16 The use of echocardiography as a diagnostic tool was discussed in two papers. Cury et al. addressed its safety,17 and Vieira et al. assessed its utility for measuring left ventricular ejection fraction.18 Aidar et al. analyzed the effect of sleep apnea on the heart rates of COPD patients.19 Arteaga analyzed the prognostic value of the collagen volume fraction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.20 Atik described the clinical progress of patients with small ventricular septal defects.21 Costa et al. showed that body mass index has a good correlation with proatherosclerotic profile in children and adolescents.22 Sa et al. described the effects of conventional ventricular stimulation on patients with normal ventricular function.23 Barbaro and Silva discussed the cardiovascular complications in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.24 The interaction of diabetes and hypertension was the subject of Silva et al., who examined the relevance of 442 CLINICS 2010;65(4):441-5 abdominal fat and insulin resistance to arterial hypertension in non-obese patients,25 of Cobas et al., who described the development of type 1 diabetes into hypertension,26 and of Rosa et al., who analyzed the effects of antihypertensive drugs in obese women.27 Cardiac surgery. This topic was the subject of 16 original publications. Sadala et al. described their experience with heart transplantation in patients with Chagas’ disease.28 Rocha and Silva et al. analyzed the outcome of surgical mitral valve repair in children with rheumatic fever.29 Santana Filho evaluated patients undergoing mitral valve replacement with crossed papillopexy with echocardiography.30 Salerno et al. described the results of beating heart mitral valve surgery via the trans-septal approach.31 Dalva et al. described initial results of intermittent annular reduction with Alfieri’s repair for the treatment of mitral insufficiency in children.32 A mid- term follow up of patients undergoing mitral and aortic valve replacement with the St. Jude Medical valve was the subject of a study by Rodrigues et al.,33 while De Bacco et al. discussed risk factors for hospital mortality in valve replacement with a mechanical prosthesis.34 Coronary artery bypass surgery was the topic of four separate studies: Atik et al. described indications for and results of the use of the axillary artery for cardiopulmonary bypass.35 Brito et al. surveyed risk factors for the development of acute renal failure following cardiopulmonary bypass.36 Silva et al. examined late angiographic grafting patency in patients with recurrent symptoms,37 while Piegas et al. described the results of myocardial revascularization surgery (MRS) in the national health system.38 We also tracked an interesting study by Avila et al. on maternal and fetal prognosis as well as outcome of cardiac surgery during pregnancy.39 Geovanni analyzed the use of chemoprophylaxis for atrial fibrillation following cardiac surgery.40 Helito et al. discussed quality of life in heart transplant candidates.41 Tirapelli et al. described the occurrence of apoptosis in human saphenous vein grafts in the restoration of blood flow through coronary bypass surgery.42 Vieira et al. analyzed the hydrodynamic profiles of different roller pumps models used for cardiopulmonary bypass.43 Pneumology. This field was covered in 16 original research articles. Exercise was again the most frequent theme. Ferreira et al. analyzed respiratory rehabilitation in COPD in the transition from exercise training to real life.44 Pelegrino et al. examined the influence of lean body mass on cardiopulmonary repercussions during the six-minute walk test in patients with COPD.7 Ziegler et al. looked at predictors of oxygen desaturation during the six-minute Copyright © 2010 CLINICS