Table 1. Therapuetic molecular target for IBD under clinical application and investigation molecular targets and name drug product efficacy for human TNF α IFN γ IL6 receptor IL12/23 CD20 α1β1 integrin α4 integrin α4β7 integrin β7 integrin PSGL1 ICAM1 VCAM1 Infliximab Adalimumab Certolizumab pegol Etanercept Golimumab Fontlizumab Tocilizumab Ustekinumab Rituximab no name AJM300 Natalizumab Vedolizumab rhuMab b7 no name no name no name antibody antibody antibody antibody antibody antibody antibody antibody antibody antibody chemical antibody antibody antibody antibody antibody antibody antibody MAdCAM1 PF00547659 #: result in phase II trial, N/A: not applicable, DSScolitis: dextran sodium sulfateinduced experimental colitis PSGL1: Pselectin glycoprotein ligand1 disease UC, CD UC, CD CD CD UC, CD CD CD CD UC, CD DSS colitis CD UC, CD UC, CD UC DSS colitis DSS colitis DSS colitis UC effective effective effective invalid effective invalid effective # effective # underway effective # effective effective underway for human for human for human for human underway references 51, 52, 53 54, 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 67 68 69 65, 66 PARP CYP450 DHB References poly-ADP ribose polymerase cytochrome P-450 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin AT1R PPAR-γ angiotensin II type 1 receptor γ-subtype of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 1 Hoffmann JC, Pawlowski NN, Kühl AA, Höhne W, Zeitz M. 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