Psychon Bull Rev (2011) 18:364–370 Table 2 Characteristics of the word stimuli: Means and ranges (between parentheses) a per 1,000 monomorphemic word types Table 3 Mean reaction times (RTs, in milliseconds) and error rates (in percentages) for words in the two cue conditions and par- ticipant groups, and for nonwords Standard deviations of means and effects are given between parentheses Total log frequency Log frequency of 1st constituent Log frequency of 2nd constituent Total length in letters Length of 1st constituent Length of 2nd constituent Number of cognates: Whole word Number of cognates: 1st constituent Number of cognates: 2nd constituent Mean Dutch/German bigram frequency of boundary bigram, onset positiona Mean Dutch/German bigram frequency of boundary bigram, any positiona Cue absent (fietspomp) Cue present (fietsbel) Effect (cue absent minus cue present) Nonwords Cue-absent words (e.g., fietspomp) 1.28 (0.0–3.07) 3.47 (1.90–5.45) 3.12 (1.72–4.66) 9.5 (6–13) 4.5 (3–6) 4.9 (3–9) 27 41 38 10.3/9.4 19.4/19.8 367 Cue-present words (e.g., fietsbel) 1.27 (0.0–2.50) 3.47 (1.90–5.45) 3.13 (0.48–4.45) 9.8 (6–15) 4.5 (3–6) 5.2 (3–11) 28 41 33 0/0 1.7/2.0 Bilinguals RT 952 (173) 913 (173) 39 (72) 1120 (215) Error rate 19.6 (11.4) 18.6 (9.9) 1.0 (8.3) 13.3 (11.6) Native speakers RT 602 (71) 590 (82) 12 (22) 703 (143) Error rate 6.3 (4.7) 4.7 (3.7) 1.6 (3.2) 2.3 (1.5) Table 4 Word characteristics for the different length groups: Means and ranges (between parentheses) Total log frequency Log frequency of 1st constituent Log frequency of 2nd constituent Total length in letters Length of 1st constituent Length of 2nd constituent Number of cognates: Whole word Number of cognates: 1st constituent Number of cognates: 2nd constituent Short compounds Cue absent 1.40 (0.30–3.07) 3.63 (2.37–5.45) 3.17 (2.34–4.66) 8.29 (6–9) 4.24 (3–5) 4.05 (3–5) 8 15 15 Cue present 1.37 (0.48–2.50) 3.63 (2.37–5.45) 3.21 (1.78–4.20) 8.29 (6–10) 4.24 (3–5) 4.05 (3–6) 10 15 13 Long compounds Cue absent 1.24 (0.00–2.98) 3.47 (2.34–4.71) 3.21 (2.26–3.93) 10.81 (10–13) 4.95 (4–6) 5.86 (4–9) 14 19 17 Cue present 1.29 (0.30–2.28) 3.47 (2.34–4.71) 3.13 (0.48–4.45) 11.14 (10–13) 4.95 (4–6) 6.19 (4–11) 15 19 17