S. Parida and others vaccinated animals that subsequently become infected will be positive in both tests. However, large-scale trials involv- ing a much larger number of animals of different age, sex, breed and physiological status need to be carried out to establish further the safety of this chimeric virus before it can be used in the field. There is a plan to test this chimeric vaccine in a larger number of the target species of different African cattle breeds. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would particularly like to thank Mandy Corteny for the help in carrying out the cELISAs. S. P. was the recipient of a Wellcome Trust Travelling Research Fellowship (award no. 061918/Z/00). S. K. was supported by a fellowship from DFID. This study was partly supported by a grant from PACE (award no. 8ACP TPS 032/44). REFERENCES Ahmad, S., Bassiri, M., Banerjee, A. K. & Yilma, T. (1993). 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