244 Hum Nat (2011) 22:225–246 principles of justice are not applied universally, there is no real justice. Forms of “scholarship” that deny evidence, that deny truth, that deny the importance of facts— even if performed in the name of good—are dangerous not only to science and to ethics, but to democracy. And so they are dangerous ultimately to humankind. Acknowledgments This work has been funded through a John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship and through generous research support of the Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University. Substantial research assistance has been provided by Valerie Thonger. An earlier version of this work was presented at the American Anthropological Association meeting in Philadelphia in December 2009. The author thanks deeply the many individuals, too numerous to name, who provided interviews, source materials, and feedback on earlier versions of this work. She is especially indebted to Douglas W. Hume for his online archive of source material, and to Human Nature’s editors and reviewers. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. References Alberts, B. (2000). A statement from Bruce Alberts, President of the National Academy of Sciences: setting the record straight regarding Darkness in El Dorado. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences. (November 9.) Available at http://www.nku.edu/~humed1/darkness_in_el_dorado/documents/ 0538.htm. American Anthropological Association. (2002a). El Dorado Task Force papers, submitted to the Executive Board as a final report May 18, 2002. 2 vols. Washington, D.C.: American Anthropological Association. Accessible through http://www.nku.edu/~humed1/darkness_in_el_dorado/documents/0535.htm. American Anthropological Association. (2002b). Media advisory: El Dorado Task Force releases its final report, accepted by AAA Board with comments. (July 2). Available at http://www.nku.edu/~humed1/ darkness_in_el_dorado/documents/0516.htm. American Anthropological Association. (2003). Referendum on Darkness in El Dorado & danger to immunization campaign. Retrieved from http://www.nku.edu/~humed1/darkness_in_el_dorado/docu ments/0438.htm. American Anthropological Association. (2005). Referendum to rescind The El Dorado Task Force Report. Retrieved from http://www.nku.edu/~humed1/darkness_in_el_dorado/documents/0440.htm. American Society of Human Genetics. (2002). Response to allegations against James V. Neel in Darkness in El Dorado, by Patrick Tierney. American Journal of Human Genetics, 70(1), 1–10. Baur, M. P., the IGES-ELSI Committee, et al. (2001). International Genetic Epidemiology Society: commentary on Darkness in El Dorado by Patrick Tierney. Genetic Epidemiology, 21, 81–104. Borofsky, R. (2005). Yanomami: The fierce controversy and what we can learn from it. Berkeley: University of California Press. Brown, P. (2000). Scientist ‘killed Amazon Indians to test race theory.’ The Guardian (September 23). Retrieved from http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2000/sep/23/paulbrown. Cantor, N. (2000). Statement from University of Michigan Provost Nancy Cantor on the book, “Darkness in El Dorado,” by Patrick Tierney. Retrieved from http://ns.umich.edu/Releases/2000/Nov00/ r111300a.html. Carneiro de Cunha, M. M. (1989). Letter to the Editor. Anthropology Newsletter, 30 (January), 3. Chagnon, N. (1989). Letter to the Editor. Anthropology Newsletter, 30 (January), 3 & 24. Chagnon, N. (2002). Chagnon responds to Survival International’s derogatory claims. (May 31) Retrieved from http://www.nku.edu/~humed1/darkness_in_el_dorado/documents/0204.htm. Chagnon, N. (2009). Interview with Alice Dreger, Traverse City, Michigan, January 4, 2009. Approved version returned January 22, 2009. Chernela, J. (2009). Telephone interview with Alice Dreger, August 10, 2009. Approved notes returned August 15, 2009. Cohen, P. (2000). When two tribes go to war. New Scientist (November 11), 18. Retrieved from http:// www.nku.edu/~humed1/darkness_in_el_dorado/documents/0209.htm.