deterioration of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract, CAKUT. J Am Soc Nephrol 10:2018–2028. Sakamoto Y, Hara K, Kanai-Azuma M, Matsui T, Miura Y, Tsunekawa N, Kurohmaru M, Saijoh Y, Koopman P, Kanai Y. 2007. Redundant roles of Sox17 and Sox18 in early cardiovascular development of mouse embryos. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 360:539–544. Sinner D, Rankin S, Lee M, Zorn AM. 2004. Sox17 and b-catenin co-operate to regulate the transcription of endodermal genes. Development 131: 3069–3080. Sinner D, Kordich JJ, Spence JR, Opoka R, Rankin S, Lin SC, Jonatan D, Zorn AM, Wells JM. 2007. Sox17 and Sox4 differentially regulate beta-catenin/T-cell factor activity and proliferation of colon carcinoma cells. Mol Cell Biol 27:7802–7815. Stark K, Vainio S, Vassileva G, McMahon AP. 1994. Epithelial transformation of metanephric mesenchyme in the developing kidney regulated by Wnt-4. Nature 372:679–683. Suraweera N, Robinson J, Volikos E, Guenther T, Talbot I, Tomlinson I, Silver A. 2006. Mutations within Wnt pathway genes in sporadic colorectal cancers and cell lines. Int J Cancer 119:1837–1842. Travers A. 2000. Recognition of distorted DNA structures by HMG domains. Curr Opin Struct Biol 10:102–109. Vainio S, Lin Y. 2002. Coordinating early kidney development: lessons from gene targeting. Nat Rev Genet 3:533–543. Wodarz A, Nusse R. 1998. Mechanisms of Wnt signaling in development. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 14:59–88. Woolf AS, Price KL, Scambler PJ, Winyard PJ. 2004. Evolving concepts in human renal dysplasia. J Am Soc Nephrol 15:998–1007. Zhang S. 2003. Kidney development: roles of sprouty, Wnt2b and type XVIII collagen in the ureteric bud Morphogenesis. Acta Univ Oul D 717. Zorn AM, Barish GD, Williams BO, Lavender P, Klymkowsky MW, Varmus HE. 1999. Regulation of Wnt signaling by Sox proteins: XSox17 alpha/beta and XSox3 physically interact with beta-catenin. Mol Cell 4:487–498. HUMAN MUTATION, Vol. 31, No. 12, 1352–1359, 2010 1359