480 DK Kim • Regionalization of pediatric emergency care in Korea system in regionalization. A win-win strategy, to create a bi-directional flow of the patient between referral center and referring community hospitals that participate in the regionalization should be established. Efforts to set up a pediatric emergency care regionalization program based on the national healthcare system are urgently needed. The first step to building a safe and effective pediatric emergency system will be made possible through regional networks of health care. References 1. Yoo I, Her T, Shin SD. (Ministry of Health and Welfare Report, Seoul, Korea). The basic study for a solution program of emergency department overcrowding. Seoul: Ministry of Health and Welfare, 2007:1-330. 2. Jang HY, Kim DK, Kwak YH. Use of pediatric emergency department in Korea: nation-wide data analysis [abstract I2H2-6]. In: The Korean Society of Emergency Medicine 2010 Fall Scientific Meeting; 2010 Oct 21; Seoul, Korea. Seoul; Korean Society of Emergency Medicine; 2010. 3. Niska R, Bhuiya F, Xu J. National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2007 emergency department summary. Natl Health Stat Report 2010;(26):1-31. 4. Lee SJ, Kim HB, Kim DK, Kwak YH. A national survey of current practice pattern and preparedness of pediatric emergency care in Korea [abstract I2H2-1]. In: The Korean Society of Emergency Medicine 2010 Fall Scientific Meeting; 2010 Oct 21; Seoul, Korea. Seoul; Korean Society of Emergency Medicine; 2010. 5. Ramenofsky ML, Luterman A, Quindlen E, Riddick L, Curreri PW. Maximum survival in pediatric trauma: the ideal system. J Trauma 1984; 24:818-23. 6. Pollack MM, Alexander SR, Clarke N, Ruttimann UE, Tesselaar HM, Bachulis AC. Improved outcomes from tertiary center pediatric intensive care: a statewide comparison of tertiary and nontertiary care facilities. Crit Care Med 1991;19:150-9. 7. Menke TJ, Wray NP. When does regionalization of expensive medical care save money? Health Serv Manage Res 2001;14:116-24. 8. Institute of Medicine, Committee on the Future of Emergency Care in the United States Health System, Board on Health Care Services. Emergency medical services at the crossroads. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2007. 9. National Research Council (US), Committee on Trauma; National Research Council (US), Committee on Shock. Accidental death and disability: the neglected disease of modern society. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, 1966. 10. Lorch SA, Myers S, Carr B. The regionalization of pediatric health care. Pediatrics 2010;126:1182-90. 11. MacKenzie EJ, Rivara FP, Jurkovich GJ, Nathens AB, Frey KP, Egleston BL, et al. A national evaluation of the effect of trauma-center care on mortality. N Engl J Med 2006;354:366-78. 12. MacKenzie EJ, Weir S, Rivara FP, Jurkovich GJ, Nathens AB, Wang W, et al. The value of trauma center care. J Trauma 2010;69:1-10. 13. Potoka DA, Schall LC, Gardner MJ, Stafford PW, Peitzman AB, Ford HR. Impact of pediatric trauma centers on mortality in a statewide system. J Trauma 2000;49:237-45. 14. Hulka F, Mullins RJ, Mann NC, Hedges JR, Rowland D, Worrall WH, et al. Influence of a statewide trauma system on pediatric hospitalization and outcome. J Trauma 1997;42:514-9. 15. Rautava L, Lehtonen L, Peltola M, Korvenranta E, Korvenranta H, Linna M, et al. The effect of birth in secondary- or tertiary-level hospitals in Finland on mortality in very preterm infants: a birth-register study. Pediatrics 2007;119:e257-63. 16. Neto MT. Perinatal care in Portugal: effects of 15 years of a regionalized system. Acta Paediatr 2006;95:1349-52. 17. Institute of Medicine (US), Committee of the Future of Emergency Care in the US Health System. Emergency care for children: growing pains. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2006. 18. Los Angeles Pediatric Society. Information Handbook for Emergency Departments Approved for Pediatrics and Pediatric Critical care Centers. Los Angeles, CA: Los Angeles Pediatrics Society, 1984. 19. Donohue PK, Hussey-Gardner B, Sulpar LJ, Fox R, Aucott SW. Parents' perception of the back-transport of very-low-birth-weight infants to com- munity hospitals. J Perinatol 2009;29:575-81.