Dovepress Rs1061170 (Y402H) Current study Compiled studies gotoh et al 19 Lee et al20 Hayashi et al9 nakanishi et al 17 Rs800292 (I62V) Current study Compiled studies Lee et al20 Hayashi et al9 Rs10490924 (A69S) Current study Compiled studies Kondo et al18 Lee et al20 Sakurada et al21 gotoh et al 22 nakanishi et al 17 Fuse et al16 PCV CC 3 (3.1%) 8 (0.7%) 2 (1.0%) 0 (0%) 5 (1.0%) 1 (0.2%) GG 46 (47.4%) 331 (56.8%) 41 (56.9%) 290 (56.8%) TT 2 (33.0%) 270 (36.1%) 31 (40.8%) 25 (34.7%) 45 (41.3%) 18 (32.7%) 133 (35.5%) 18 (30.0%) Note: P-value by Fisher’s exact test. Abbreviation: PCV, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. CT 23 (23.7%) 227 (19.5%) 43 (21.1%) 10 (13.9%) 96 (18.8%) 78 (20.8%) GA 47 (48.5%) 209 (35.8%) 27 (37.5%) 182 (35.6%) GT 1 (42.3%) 309 (41.4%) 33 (43.4%) 30 (41.7%) 49 (44.9%) 25 (45.5%) 152 (40.5%) 20 (33.3%) TT 71 (73.2%) 926 (79.8%) 159 (77.9%) 62 (86.1%) 409 (80.2%) 296 (79.0%) AA 4 (4.1%) 43 (7.4%) 4 (5.6%) 39 (7.6%) GG 24 (24.7%) 168 (22.4%) 12 (15.8%) 17 (23.6%) 15 (13.8%) 12 (21.8%) 90 (24.0%) 22 (36.7%) Controls CC 0 (0%) 14 (0.6%) n/A 1 (1.1%) 8 (0.6%) 5 (0.6%) GG 29 (28.5%) 492 (34.4%) 36 (38.7%) 456 (34.1%) TT 13 (12.8%) 182 (13.7%) 15 (16.0%) 12 (12.9%) 14 (16.5%) 12 (16.2%) 113 (13.3%) 16 (11.6%) Table 3 The genotype distribution for each single nucleotide polymorphism in this study and other studies in Asians control protein modules that contain binding sites for CRP.28 Previous biological studies have shown that the risk allele variants of Y402H have reduced affinity on the binding to CRP.29 This may indicate that both AMD and PCV share the same genetic risks manifested by dysregulation of the complement system. The relationship between A69S and AMD or PCV is not well understood. Earlier studies propose that the altered function of the putative mitochondrial protein LOC387715/ ARMS2 by A69S substitution increases the susceptibility to the aging-associated degeneration of macular photoreceptors.30 Another study, however, suggests that ARMS2 might not confer Table 4 The likelihood of homozygous or heterozygous risk genotype having PCV in this study and in the compiled data from other studies in Asians CT 11 (10.8%) 268 (11.7%) n/A 8 (8.6%) 160 (11.9%) 100 (11.8%) GA 59 (57.8%) 690 (48.2%) 41 (44.1%) 649 (48.5%) GT 50 (49%) 616 (46.3%) 41 (43.6%) 48 (51.6%) 32 (37.6%) 36 (48.6%) 401 (47.3%) 58 (42.0%) TT 91 (89.2%) 2000 (87.6%) n/A 84 (90.3%) 1174 (87.5%) 742 (87.6%) AA 14 (13.7%) 249 (17.4%) 16 (17.2%) 233 (17.4%) GG 39 (38.2%) 533 (40.0%) 38 (40.4%) 33 (35.5%) 39 (45.9%) 26 (35.1%) 333 (39.3%) 64 (46.4%) CFH and ARMS2 and PCV P-value 0.002 ,0.001 n/A n/A n/A 3.4 × 10-4 0.005 ,0.001 0.0175 n/A 0.002 ,0.001 n/A 0.0034 ,0.0001 n/A 1.6 × 10-14 0.0069 Paired genotype Rs1061170 (Y402H) Rs800292 (I62V) Rs10490924 (A69S) CC vs TT CT vs TT CC vs CT GG vs AA gA vs AA GG vs gA TT vs gg Tg vs gg TT vs Tg Current study P-value 0.839 0.006 0.869 0.005 0.087 0.025 0.001 0.390 0.005 Odds ratio 8.96 (0.46–176.24) 2.974 (1.364–6.488) 3.43 (0.16–72.04) 5.5514 (1.665–18.513) 2.7829 (0.861–9.031) 1.991 (1.090–3.636) 4.0 (1.760–9.091) 1.333 (0.692–2.565) 3.002 (1.396–6.454) Notes: Logistic regression analysis was used to test the likelihood of homozygous or heterozygous risk genotype having PCV when paired with homozygous nonrisk genotype; odds ratios indicate significance at P , 0.0167 (0.05/3, Bonferroni correction); the homozygous risk genotypes are in bold; the studies included in the compiled data are listed in Table 3. Abbreviations: PCV, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy; vs, versus. Clinical Ophthalmology 2012:6 Compiled studies P-value 0.649 ,0.001 0.513 ,0.001 0.002 ,0.001 ,0.001 ,0.001 ,0.001 Odds ratio 1.234 (0.516–2.952) 1.829 (1.508–2.219) 0.675 (0.278–1.637) 3.896 (2.739–5.542) 1.754 (1.225–2.511) 2.221 (1.804–2.735) 4.707 (3.645–6.078) 1.591 (1.276–1.985) 2.957 (2.344–3.731) submit your manuscript | www.dovepress.com Dovepress 469