424 J Health Popul Nutr Dec 2006 45. Medrek M, Eckman AK, Yaremenko O, Balakireva O, Levtsun O, Leonchuk N et al. Problems HIV-posi- tive women face accessing reproductive health- care in Ukraine (abstract). XV the International AIDS Conference, Bangkok, Thailand, July 2004: TuPeE5404/handout (http://gateway.nlm.nih.gov/ MeetingAbstracts/102283207.html, accessed on 19 September 2006). 46. Desgrées-du-Loû A, Msellati P, Viho I, Yao A, Yapi D, Kassi P et al. Contraceptive use, protected sexual intercourse and incidence of pregnancies among African HIV-infected women. DITRAME ANRS 049 Project, Abidjan 1995-2000. Int J STD AIDS 2002;13:462-8. 47. Dim S, Anorlu R, Igwillo C, Said O. Knowledge about HIV/AIDS and attitudes towards voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) among pregnant wom- en in Lagos, Nigeria (abstract). Int J Gynecol Obstet 2003;83(Suppl 3):FC5.5.2. 48. Schleifer R. Rhetoric and risk. Human rights abuses impeding Ukraine’s fight against HIV/ AIDS. Hum Rights Watch 2006;18:14. (http://hrw. org/reports/2006/ukraine0306/ukraine0306we- bwcover.pdf, accessed on 19 September 2006). 49. Babakian G. Positively abandoned. Stigma and discrimination against HIV-Positive mothers and their children in Russia. Hum Rights Watch 2005; 17:17,19-21. (http://hrw.org/reports/2005/rus- sia0605/russia0605.pdf, accessed on 19 September 2006). 50. World Health Organization. Human rights, women and HIV/AIDS. Geneva: World Health Organi- zation, 2000:2. (Fact sheet no. 247). (http://www. who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs247/en/print. html, accessed on 14 April 2004). 51. World Health Organization. Pregnancy and HIV/ AIDS. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2000. 1 p. (Fact sheet no. 250). (http://www.who.int/me- diacentre/factsheets/fs250/en/print.html, accessed on 19 September 2006). 52. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. HIV/AIDS and human rights. International guidelines. Second International Con- sultation on HIV/AIDS and Human Rights, Gene- va, 23-25 September 1996. New York, NY: United Nations, 1998:20-21. (HR/PUB/98/1). (http://data. unaids.org/publications/irc-pub02/jc520-human- rights_en.pdf, accessed on 19 September 2006). Bruyn M 53. Rosser J. HIV and safe motherhood. London: Health- link Worldwide, 2000. 1 p. (http://www.aidsaction. info/hsm/section1.html#Abortion, accessed on 19 September 2006). 54. Marie Stopes International. Position paper: HIV/ AIDS. No. 1. London: Marie Stopes International, 2001: 4-5. (http://www.mariestopes.org.uk/pdf/position- paper-64775-hiva.pdf, accessed on 19 September 2006). 55. Turner K. Integrating HIV and safe abortion care. Chapel Hill, NC: Ipas, 2003. 2 p. (http://www.ipas. org/english/publications/hiv_safe_abortion_care. pdf, accessed on 19 September 2006). 56. Reproductive decision-making for HIV-positive persons. IPPF Med Bull 2004;38:1-3. 57. International Community of Women Living with HIV/AIDS. Visibility, voices, and visions: a call for action from HIV positive women to policy-mak- ers. London: International Community of Women Living with HIV/AIDS, 2004:11. (http://www.icw. org/publications, accessed on 19 September 2006). 58. Center for Social Research.Avoiding unwanted preg- nancy and sexually transmitted infections: a rural Malawi district study. Chapel Hill, NC: MEASURE Evaluation, 2004:106. (http://www.cpc.unc.edu/ measure/publications/pdf/tr-04-27.pdf, accessed on 19 September 2006). 59. Paiva V, Ventura Filipe E, Santos N, Novaes Lima T, Segurado A. The right to love: the desire for par- enthood among men living with HIV. Reprod Health Matters 2003;11:91-100. 60. Cooper A, Robinson J. Starting a family. London: Terrence Higgins Trust, 2004:7. (http://www.tht. org.uk/informationresources/publications/living- withhivgeneral/startingafamiyl556.pdf, accessed on 19 September 2006). 61. Penny. To have or not to have. In: Rieder I, Ruppelt P, editors. Matters of life and death. Women speak about AIDS. London: Virago Press, 1989:88-90. 62. Lange T. HIV & civil rights. A report from the frontlines of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. New York, NY: American Civil Liberties Union AIDS Project, 2003. 1 p. (http://www.aclu.org/HIVAIDS/HIV- AIDS.cfm?ID=14363&c= 258&MX=1044&H=0, accessed on 21 November 2003).