Aggressive Periodontitis with Streptococcal Gingivitis: A Case Report Cankat Karaa, DDS, PhD Turgut Demira, DDS, PhD Adnan Tezela, DDS, PhD Meltem Zihnia, DDS AbSTRACT Acute streptococcal gingivitis is an acute inflammation of the oral mucosa and also may be seen with the other oral diseases as aggressive periodontitis that is characterized by a considerable attachment loss over a relatively short period of time. Streptococcal infections of gingiva are seen rarely; also the origin of this gingival inflammation is occasionally different from that of routine plaque-associated gingivitis. The clinical features and treatment methods of these diseases are already reported in previous literatures. This case report describes a patient who presented with severe gingival inflammation and attachment loss that was diagnosed as an acute streptococcal infection associated with aggressive periodontitis. In this study a supportive treatment option was demonstrated based on these data and antacid treatment as adjunctive to the recommended treatment modalities was used for streptococcal gingivitis. (Eur J Dent 2007;1:251-255) Key words: Acute streptococcal gingivitis; Aggressive periodontitis; Gingival inflammation; Attachment loss. INTRODuCTION Acute streptococcal gingivitis is an acute inflammation of the oral mucosa and the pathogens implicated in gingival inflammation is rarely different from that of routine plaque-associated gingivitis such as Neisseria gonorrhea, Treponema pallidum and recently streptococci infections.1,2 Streptococci, which can be seen in the composition of microbial dental plaque, may cause inflammatory periodontal disease and dental caries.3 During the International Workshop for a Classification a Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey Corresponding Author: Cankat KARA Atatürk University, Faculty of Dentistry Department of Periodontology, Erzurum/TURKEY E-mail: mcankat@hotmail.com October 2007 - Vol.1 of Periodontal Disease and Conditions in 1999, a new classification of disease was introduced and American Periodontology Academy classified the streptococcal periodontal disease under the group of gingival disease due to this specific bacterium has poor related with microbial plaque formation. Although the streptococci related disease of gingiva has very specific microbiological and clinic features, there have been only a few cases reported in the literature. Another significant feature of streptococcal gingivitis is that, it can be seen on gingiva with the other inflammatory diseases like throat inflammations.4,5 However, the previous data about the combination of streptococcal gingivitis and other periodontal diseases as aggressive periodontitis (AP) is unclear. The purpose of this case report was two-fold; 251 European Journal of Dentistry