Histochem Cell Biol (2008) 129:5–11 (ASF) through the nucleoplasm and steady state speckle compart- ments. J Cell Biol 150:41–51 Lamond AI, Sleeman JE (2003) Nuclear substructure and dynamics. Curr Biol 13:R825–R828 Lanctot C, Cheutin T, Cremer M, Cavalli G, Cremer T (2007) Dynamic genome architecture in the nuclear space: regulation of gene expression in three dimensions. Nat Rev Genet 8:104–115 Martindill DM, Risebro CA, Smart N, Franco-Viseras Mdel M, Rosa- rio CO, Swallow CJ, Dennis JW, Riley PR (2007) Nucleolar re- lease of Hand1 acts as a molecular switch to determine cell fate. Nat Cell Biol 9:1131–1141 McNally JG, Muller WG, Walker D, Wolford R, Hager GL (2000) The glucocorticoid receptor: rapid exchange with regulatory sites in living cells. Science 287:1262–1265 Meaburn KJ, Misteli T (2007) Cell biology: chromosome territories. Nature 445:379–781 Mekhail K, Khacho M, Carrigan A, Hache RR, Gunaratnam L, Lee S (2005) Regulation of ubiquitin ligase dynamics by the nucleolus. J Cell Biol 170:733–744 Mekhail K, Rivero-Lopez L, Al-Masri A, Brandon C, Khacho M, Lee S (2007) IdentiWcation of a common subnuclear localization sig- nal. Mol Biol Cell 18:3966–3977 Meng L, Zhu Q, Tsai RY (2007) Nucleolar traYcking of nucleostemin family proteins: common versus protein-speciWc mechanisms. Mol Cell Biol (in press) Misteli T (2001) Protein dynamics: implications for nuclear architec- ture and gene expression. Science 291:843–847 Misteli T (2007) Beyond the sequence: cellular organization of genome function. Cell 128:787–800 Misteli T, Caceres JF, Spector DL (1997) The dynamics of a pre- mRNA splicing factor in living cells. Nature 387:523–527 Phair RD, Misteli T (2000) High mobility of proteins in the mamma- lian cell nucleus. Nature 404:604–609 11 Phair RD, ScaYdi P, Elbi C, Vecerova J, Dey A, Ozato K, Brown DT, Hager G, Bustin M, Misteli T (2004) Global nature of dynamic protein–chromatin interactions in vivo: three-dimensional ge- nome scanning and dynamic interaction networks of chromatin proteins. Mol Cell Biol 24:6393–6402 Prasanth KV, Spector DL (2007) Eukaryotic regulatory RNAs: an an- swer to the ‘genome complexity’ conundrum. Genes Dev 21:11–42 Prasanth KV, Prasanth SG, Xuan Z, Hearn S, Freier SM, Bennett CF, Zhang MQ, Spector DL (2005) Regulating gene expression through RNA nuclear retention. Cell 123:249–263 Ritland-Politz JC, TuVt RA, Prasanth KV, Baudendistel N, Fogarty KE, Lifshitz LM, Langowski J, Spector DL, Pederson T (2006) Rapid, diVusional shuttling of poly(A)-RNA between nuclear speckles and the nucleoplasm. Mol Cell Biol 17:1239–1249 Seksek O, Biwersi J, Verkman AS (1997) Translational diVusion of macromolecule-sized solutes in cytoplasm and nucleus. J Cell Biol 138:131–142 Shav-Tal Y, Darzacq X, Shenoy SM, Fusco D, Janicki SM, Spector DL, Singer RH (2004) Dynamics of single mRNPs in nuclei of living cells. Science 304:1797–1800 Sone M, Hayashi T, Tarui H, Agata K, Takeichi M, Nakagawa S (2007) The mRNA-like noncoding RNA Gomafu constitutes a novel nuclear domain in a subset of neurons. J Cell Sci 120:2498– 2506 Spector DL (2003) The dynamics of chromosome organization and gene regulation. Annu Rev Biochem 72:573–608 Sprague BL, Muller F, Pego RL, Bungay PM, Stavreva DA, McNally JG (2006) Analysis of binding at a single spatially localized clus- ter of binding sites by Xuorescence recovery after photobleaching. Biophys J 91:1169–1191 Tsai RY, McKay RD (2005) A multistep, GTP-driven mechanism con- trolling the dynamic coupling of nucleostemin. J Cell Biol 168:179–184 123