Kim Nanoscale Research Letters 2011, 6:415 http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/6/1/415 Page 10 of 18 the liquid promote the pinning of the contact-angle line of the evaporating meniscus and sessile drops. He explained that the observed results were due to the structural disjoining pressure stemming from the ordered layering of nanoparticles in the confined wedge of the evaporating meniscus [49] (Figure 8) and sug- gested that an analysis of the boiling heat transfer of nanofluids could account for the strong effect of nano- particles on the contact-line region via the structural disjoining pressure. Wen [50,51] subsequently carried out further investigations of the influence of nanoparticles on the structural disjoining pressure. He calculated the equilibrium meniscus shape in the pre- sence of nanoparticles and found that the vapor-liquid- solid line could be significantly displaced toward the vapor phase by the presence of nanoparticles in the liquid. He therefore concluded that the structural dis- joining pressure caused by nanoparticles can signifi- cantly increases the wettability of the fluids and inhibits the development of dry patches, triggering CHF. The above-described two effects of nanoparticles (i.e., modification of the heater surface and structural Figure 8 Ordered layering of nanoparticles in the confined wedge of the evaporating meniscus. (a) Diagram of experimental setup. (b) Particle structuring in a wedge film [49].