Am. J.Trop. Med. Hyg., 85(3), 2011, p. 396 doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0210 Copyright © 2011 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Images in Clinical Tropical Medicine A Truly Emerging Intestinal Parasitosis Francisco Cabrera and Hector H. Garcia* Department of Surgery, Hospital Militar Central, Lima, Peru; Department of Microbiology, School of Sciences, and Center for Global Health, Tumbes, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Cysticercosis Unit, National Institute of Neurological Sciences, Lima, Peru; Instituto Peruano de Parasitologia Clinica y Experimental, Lima, Peru A 26-year-old soldier from Peru was shot in the right upper back of the abdomen while on routine patrol in a drug-traffic region in the Peruvian highlands. After temporizing explor- atory laparotomy in a mobile army surgical hospital, he was flown to a referral center (Trauma-Shock Unit, Central Military Hospital, Lima, Peru) for open surgery. Surgical diag- nosis was open abdominal trauma compromising the right kidney, ascending bowel, and a 2-cm duodenal perforation. During cleaning, debriding, and repair of the duodenal perfo- ration (after right nephrectomy and hemicolectomy), a cylin- dric parasite resembling a large earthworm emerged from the small intestinal wound and swam into the surrounding peri- toneal cavity (Figure 1 and Figure 2). The parasite was con- firmed to be an adult female Ascaris lumbricoides. The patient received antibiotic therapy and 400 mg of albendazole when able to take oral fluids. The patient did well after surgery and was later discharged in good condition. Ascaris lumbricoides is a geohelminth commonly found to infect humans in the developing world.1 Adult worms inhabit Figure 1. Surgical field of the patient showing a roundworm spon- taneously emerging from a wound in the duodenum. *Address correspondence to Hector H. Garcia, Department of Microbiology, School of Sciences; and Center for Global Health, Tumbes, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. E-mail: hgarcia@jhsph.edu 396 Figure 2. Duodenal area of the patient shown in Figure 1 (original magnification × 2.5). the small intestine where, if present in large numbers, they can obstruct the intestinal lumen, or actively migrate through the biliary or pancreatic ducts. Although atypical, finding of adult Ascaris during intestinal trauma surgery2 may not be surprising. Received April 7, 2011. Accepted for publication May 17, 2011. Authors’ addresses: Francisco Cabrera, Department of Surgery, Hos- pital Militar Central, Lima, Peru, E-mail: franciscocabrera269@gmail .com. Hector H. Garcia, Department of Microbiology, School of Sciences, and Center for Global Health, Tumbes, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru, Cysticercosis Unit, National Institute of Neurological Sciences, Lima, Peru, and Instituto Peruano de Parasito- logia Clinica y Experimental, Lima, Peru, E-mail: hgarcia@jhsph.edu. REFERENCES 1. Bethony J, Brooker S, Albonico M, Geiger SM, Loukas A, Diemert D, Hotez PJ, 2006. Soil-transmitted helminth infections: ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm. Lancet 367: 1521–1532. 2. Masumbuko CK, Hawkes M, 2010. Worms and war: a case report of trauma and tropical disease intersecting. Afr J Paediatr Surg 7: 107–109.