2 Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine LI4 BL10 GB20 BL40 MS6 EX-HN3 LI20 CV17 CV12 CV6 CV4 ST32 EX32 GB34 ST40 SP6 GB39 SP10 ST36 LR3 PC6 Figure 1: The approximate locations of acupoints on the human body reviewed in this paper. Images are created by Acu3D Ver.1.0.2011.0218. site [5]. Many recent brain imaging studies have shown that acupuncture has a speciﬁc correlation with the human ner- vous system. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to scan the brains of subjects undergoing needling, researchers found that diﬀerent acupoints corresponded to diﬀerent cerebral areas and conditioned reactions [3, 6]. Therefore, it has the potential to provide therapy for many diseases. Recent studies have found that electroacupuncture (EA) improved the pathology of motor disorders in a Parkinsonian rat model by restoring homeostasis in the basal ganglia circuit [7, 8]. In other reports, the eﬀects of EA treatment on neuropathic pain [9], acute spinal cord injury [10], acute ischemic stroke [11], and reducing inﬂammation [12, 13] were also rigorously studied. We review the relevant literature below and have depicted the human acupoints described in this paper in Figure 1. Another important aspect of TCM is Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), which has been used for thousands of years as a major preventive and therapeutic strategy against disease [14]. Currently, more than 3,200 species of medicinal plants are used in CHM treatments. A fundamental feature of TCM is TCM compound formulas, which are composed of many kinds of herbs and sometimes minerals or animal components, similar to a cocktail therapy [15]. Each TCM compound formula is usually designed to combat speciﬁc symptoms and combined with other herbs or prescriptions to tailor to individual needs. Herbal extracts have been inves- tigated for use in treating various diseases and have been used as a complementary or alternative form of medical therapy for cancer patients [16–18]. In other studies that focus on chronic kidney disease [19], neurodegenerative disease [20], and diabetes mellitus [21], Chinese herbs have been reported to alleviate symptoms and mediate signal transduction. Systems biology, which combines computational and experimental approaches to analyze complex biological systems, focuses on understanding functional activities from a systems-wide perspective [22]. With the advent of high-throughput global gene expression, proteomics, and metabolomic technologies, systems biology has become a viable approach for improving our knowledge of health and disease [23, 24]. In this paper, we review recent research articles on acupuncture and Chinese herbal therapy per- formed in conjunction with omics technologies to analyze and investigate the regulatory mechanisms of the treatments and their therapeutic applications. 2. Systems Biology and Omics Data Systems biology is the computational integration of huge datasets to explore biomolecular functional networks [22, 25]. The ﬁeld oﬀers many approaches and models for searching for biological pathways and predicting their eﬀects and implications [26, 27]. More recently, academic research has focused on developing basic informatics tools that can integrate large quantities of global gene expression, pro- teomic, and metabolomic data to mimic regulatory networks and cell function [26, 28]. The principle of systems biology is to understand and compare physiology and disease, ﬁrst from the level of molecular pathways and regulatory networks, then moving up through the cell, tissue, and organ, and ﬁnally whole organism levels [29, 30]. It has the potential to provide new concepts to reveal unknown functions at all levels of the organism being studied. Omics data helps to explore the diﬀerent levels in systems biology from a holistic perspective. The suﬃx “-omics” is added to the object of study or the level of biological process to form new terms to describe that information— for example, genomics from gene data, proteomics from protein data, metabolomics from metabolic data [31]. With