Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2009, 6 182 Swamp and Muslyumovo: levels of 7 to10 Bq l-1 90Sr and 0.6 to 0.8 Bq l-1 137Cs being reported [1]. Results from similar water samples collected in 1996 were consistent with 1994 data. Data reported in 1998 [18] are also in agreement with these concentrations and show that 90Sr concentrations have decreased by a factor of 103 since 1951. Cabianca et al., [19] reported low 137Cs activity concentrations in Techa River water, (mean 0.15 Bq l-1) and mean 90Sr activity concentrations of 7.2 Bq l-1. Mean activity 137Cs and 90Sr concentrations were 0.0055 Bq l-1 and 0.015 Bq l-1, respectively, in drinking water from artesian wells in the Brodokalmak area. 1.5. Contamination Levels in Soils Fieldwork results from JNREG [1] report the highest concentrations of 90Sr contamination in soils from EURT sites, ranging from 14 to 34 MBq m-2 90Sr. The same group identifies the highest concentrations of 137Cs in soils from the Asanov Swamp area, about 7 km downstream from dam 11 where 137Cs concentrations were about 42 MBq m-2. Contamination patterns in soils are in general heterogeneous [1] and also display differences over smaller areas such as at the towns of Muslyumovo [20], where 90Sr and 137Cs soil concentrations are reported in the ranges of 600-4810 kBq m-2 and 110- 1010 kBq m-2, respectively, and at Brodokalmak [21]. 1.6. Contamination Levels in Biota and Food Products Consumption of local fish has been recognized as an important pathway for human exposures in populations living along the Techa River [22]. Samples of pike filet (Esox lucius) in 1994 from Reservoirs 10 exhibited 80 to 140 kBq kg-1 137Cs fw (fresh weight), while whole perch (Perca fluviatilis) contained up to 130 kBq kg-1 137Cs. Reported data for pike filet samples from Reservoir 11 indicate levels of 1.3 kBq kg-1 137Cs (in 1994), while similar samples collected from the Techa River at Muslyumovo contained 400 Bq kg-1 at that time [1]. Kryshev et al., [22] reported 450 ± 110 Bq kg-1 fw 90Sr and 18 ± 8 Bq kg-1 fw 137Cs for locally caught fish in the riparian villages along the Techa River between 1991 and 1993. Milk is also very important to exposure levels in local populations, as Techa floodlands are used as pasture for local cows. Kravtsova et al., [23] reported from a database containing 1,185 and 1,061 values for 137Cs and 90Sr contamination in milk, respectively, including data from 1992 to 1998. All milk samples were divided in two groups. The first group included milk produced by cows which had access to the floodplain, the other included cows grazing beyond the floodplain. Mean activity concentrations of 137Cs and 90Sr were approximately a factor of 10-fold higher in samples from cows grazed on the floodplain, maximum 137Cs concentrations being 200 Bq kg-1 in Muslyumovo compared to 66 Bq kg-1 in Brodokalmak, maximum concentrations for 90Sr being 37 and 5.6 Bq kg-1. Other studies yield similar results for activities in food products. Cabianca et al.,[19] report that activity concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs were low (< 10 Bq kg-1) in most food products consumed by the population of Brodokalmak, except for fish and in milk from cows grazed on the flood plain. A summary of monitoring data from different studies is provided in Table 2 for 90Sr and Table 3 for 137Cs.