1040 may transfer to the perception of foreign languages (Cutler, 2001). An effect of native language experience on the perception of speech stress converges with prior findings showing that the rhythmic properties of one’s native language influence auditory grouping (Iversen, Patel, & Ohgushi, 2008), speech perception (Dupoux, Peperkamp, & Sebastian-Gallés, 2001), and speech segmentation (Cutler, 1991; Mehler, Dommergues, Frauenfelder, & Segui, 1981). An ability to coordinate one's behavior with stimulus periodicities has many uses beyond speech perception and production (Cummins, 2009; Jungers et al., 2002; Wilson & Wilson, 2005). Cognitive processes of temporal prediction and movement timing are required for many behaviors, ranging from sharing the carrying of heavy objects to dancing with a partner. It is likely that processes underlying entrainment to speech rhythms would not be unique to language. The present findings suggest that experience with a stress-timed language influenced listeners' abilities to develop rhythmic expectations for other (nonnative) languages. Future research may examine whether an entrainment advantage conferred by experience with a stress-timed language extends beyond the carefully matched utterances of the present study to longer spans of spontaneous speech and to more complex rhythms, such as music. Acknowledgments We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Erik Koopmans, Jake Shenker, and Frances Spidle and suggestions about stimulus construction from Renée Béland and Laura Gonnerman. This research was supported by postdoctoral fellowships from the Belgian FRS-FNRS and the WBI-World Program to the first author and by Canada Research Chair and NSERC Grant 298173 to the second author. Correspondence should be sent to Caroline Palmer, Dept of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Ave, Montreal, QC H3A1B1, Canada, caroline.palmer@mcgill.ca. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. Appendix Table 2 List of French and English sentences French Chats et rats courent dans les champs, mais tous vont vers le Nord. L'eau de source est bonne à boire quand l'air est chaud et lourd. Dis aux filles de faire la fête à l'heure du cinq à sept. Gilles veut faire un tour au parc, mais là il English Rats and mice are in the grass, but some run through the house. Days are bright with lots of light, but nights are cold and dark. Tell the girls to keep their poise when strange young men are near. Jane and Tom were pals as kids, but then they Table 2 (continued) French fait trop froid. Gars et filles qui grimpent aux arbres peuvent voir les toits au loin. Bière et vin sont bons au gout, mais trop en boire rend saoul. Biches et cerfs ont l'air très doux, mais chasse-les comme des proies. Bois du lait lui dit sa mère, car ça rend fort et grand. Psychon Bull Rev (2011) 18:1035–1041 English fell in love. Girls and boys who trip and fall can hurt their hands and knees. Chips and cake are good as treat, but some will make you sick. Cats and dogs are pets of course, but treat them as your friends. Eat some bread, said Mom to Jeff, so you grow big and strong. Tourne les yeux pour voir ma peine et sens comme je suis triste. Turn your head to look at me, and tell me how you feel. L'air du soir est bien trop frais pour mettre une jupe si courte. Tom est bon pour faire des blagues, mais Jean est bien plus drôle. L'or qui brille au doigt d'une femme veut dire qu'elle aime un homme. Night in spring is much too cool to wear a dress that short Snacks are good to bring to school, but too much food is bad. Kids who play in mud and dirt will have to wash their pants. References Abercrombie, D. (1967). 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