NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION 2010, 20 (4), 624 – 636 Structured ﬂoral arrangement programme for improving visuospatial working memory in schizophrenia Hiroko Mochizuki-Kawai1,2, Yuriko Yamakawa2,4, Satoshi Mochizuki3,2, Shoko Anzai1, and Masanobu Arai4,2 1National Institute of Floricultural Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NIFS-NARO), Tsukuba, Japan; 2Center for Medical Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami, Japan; 3Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; 4Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Hospital, Ami, Japan Several cognitive therapies have been developed for patients with schizo- phrenia. However, little is known about the outcomes of these therapies in terms of non-verbal/visuospatial working memory, even though this may affect patients’ social outcomes. In the present pilot study, we investigated the effect of a structured ﬂoral arrangement (SFA) programme, where partici- pants were required to create symmetrical ﬂoral arrangements. In this pro- gramme, the arrangement pattern and the order of placing each of the natural materials was predetermined. Participants have to identify where to place each material, and memorise the position temporarily to complete the ﬂoral arrangement. The schizophrenic patients who participated in this programme Correspondence should be sent to Hiroko Mochizuki-Kawai, National Institute of Floricultural Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NIFS-NARO), 2-1 Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8519, Japan E-mail: hirokom@affrc.go.jp We would like to thank Mr. H. Mogi, NIFS-NARO for helping us in developing the tools used in the ﬂoral arrangement programme. We are also grateful to staff at the two facilities (Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Hospital, psychiatric day-care room and Mitsukaido Kosei Hospital day-care room) for their cooperation. This work was supported by the National Agriculture and Food Research Organisation (NARO), Japan. This study was also partly supported by a Grant-in-Aid for scientiﬁc research to H. Mochizuki-Kawai from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT/KAKENHI) (No. 20688001). # 2010 Psychology Press, an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business http://www.psypress.com/neurorehab DOI:10.1080/09602011003715141