Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2009, 6 2021 Executive / Frontal Verbal Fluency Total Perseverations Stroop Color-Word T-score Stroop Interference T-score Table 4. Cont. Length of Abuse (years) LDH Total Weight Corrected LDH Total Volume LDH Total Weight Corrected LDH Total Volume LDH Total Weight Corrected LDH Total Volume Average Drinks/Day 0.547 0.589 0.573 -0.466 -0.465 -0.581 -0.590 -0.524 0.299 0.347 0.329 0.217 0.216 0.338 0.348 0.275 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.009 0.010 0.001 0.001 0.003 Correlational analysis of neuropsychological tests and measures of EBCC learning performance are reported in Table 5. One test of memory function was found to significantly correlate with EBCC performance: visual reproduction immediate recall raw and scaled scores. This measure was significantly correlated with discrimination learning (p’s = 0.01, see Table 5). One motor measure was found to significantly correlate with EBCC: composite score for walk-on-line from the ataxia battery (p = 0.01). Eta-squared is also provided in Table 5. The composite ataxia measure explains approximately 30 percent of the variance in production of CRs on reinforced trials during discrimination learning. Table 5. Correlational analyses revealed significant (p ≤ 0.01) correlations between neuropsychological tests and measures of EBCC learning. Neuropsychological Test Memory / Medial Temporal WMS-III Visual Reproduction I Raw Score Visual Reproduction I Scaled Score Motor / Cerebellar Composite Ataxia Measure Walk on line, walk heel-to-toe arms folded across chest eyes open and closed 4. Conclusions EBCC Learning Measure Pearson Correlation R2 Significance Discrimination Score Discrimination Score 0.445 0.453 0.198 0.205 0.014 0.012 Discrimination % CR+ -0.524 0.294 0.011 The primary finding from this study is that alcoholics are unable to acquire differential learning as task difficulty increases from the delay to trace paradigm. A limitation of the study is that a normal control group of nonalcoholic individuals was not included. However, we feel the study is still important to our understanding of the cognitive deficits related to chronic alcoholism because it