Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2010, 7 4.3. Council of Agriculture (COA) 3626 After the admission of Taiwan to the World Trade Organization (WTO) on January 1, 2002, the central competent authority, the Council of Agriculture (COA), has planned several policies and also revised/promulgated related regulations to promote the ecological operation by minimizing the use of pesticides and synthetic chemicals for the sustainable development of Taiwan’s agriculture. In this regard, there are two relevant laws pertaining to the regulatory management of POPs in the pesticides and feeds: the Pesticide Management Act (PMA) and the Feed Control Act (FCA). In the PMA, passed in Jan. 1972 and recently amended in Jul. 2007, the term “prohibited pesticides” denotes any and all agro-pesticides prohibited in public announcement by the central government from being manufactured, processed, repackaged, imported, exported, sold or used. Since the early 1970s, some pesticides, including aldrin, DDT, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, hexachlorocyclohexane, lindane and toxaphene, have been officially designated as prohibited ones, as listed in Table 3. The FCA, passed in Jan. 1973 and recently amended in Jan. 2002, was established to maintain the quality of feeds and to promote the development of the animal husbandry and the aquaculture industry so as to protect the public health. Under the authorization of the Article 20 in the FCA, the central government (i.e., COA) thus promulgated the Pesticide Residue Limits in Feeds on 17 Jan. 2008. Some pesticide-POPs, including aldrin, DDT, dieldrin, heptachlor, and lindane, have been designated as chemical targets in the Limits, as listed in Table 5. 4.4. Council of Labor Affairs (CLA) In 1980s, the Taiwanese government also undertook many regulatory practices that are pertinent to the improvement of the workplace environment. In this respect, the most important legislation regarding occupational environment is the Labor Safety and Health Law (LSHL). Under the authorization of the Act, it has carried out many enforcement rules or regulations for the purpose of preventing occupational accidents and protecting labor safety and health. Regarding the regulatory management of pesticide, some pesticide-POPs, including chlordane, heptachlor, and toxaphene, have been set the permissible exposure limit (PEL) to be 0.5 mg/m3 (8-h time-weighted average) with the “skin” notation (dermal absorption) in the Permissible Concentration Standards of Hazardous Substances in Occupational Workplace Air, as shown in Table 5. 5. Conclusions The information about the environmental properties, use and toxicity (carcinogenity) of pesticide-POPs and their environmental levels in Taiwan has been extensively described and analyzed in the paper. Although the use of these chlorinated insecticides has been banned for agricultural use in Taiwan since the early 1970s, minor amounts of pesticide-POPs residues in soils and river sediments have still been detected. In order to control these chemicals in parallel with the international treaties, the Taiwan government has further adopted prevention policies and regulatory measures to enhance and review the control mechanisms for lowering the environmental and health risks of pesticide-POPs in recent years. Thereafter, the “National Implementation Plan of Republic of China (R.O.C., Taiwan) under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants” has been passed by the Cabinet in