Je SH, et al. • Vitamin K Supplement and BMD, UcOC Changes M, Chiba T, Inagaki N, Okano T, Kido S. High prevalence of vitamin K and D deficiency and decreased BMD in inflammatory bowel disease. Osteoporos Int 2009; 20: 935-42. 25. Menzies IS, Zuckerman MJ, Nukajam WS, Somasundaram SG, Murphy B, Jenkins AP, Crane RS, Gregory GG. Geography of intestinal permea- bility and absorption. Gut 1999; 44: 483-9. 26. Foresta C, Strapazzon G, De Toni L, Gianesello L, Calcagno A, Pilon C, Plebani M, Vettor R. Evidence for osteocalcin production by adipose tis- sue and its role in human metabolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95: 3502-6. 27. Brownbill RA, llich JZ. Lipid profile and bone paradox: higher serum lip- ids are associated with higher bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2006; 15: 261-70. 28. Shea MK, Booth SL, Gundberg CM, Peterson JW, Waddell C, Dawson- Hughes B, Saltzman E. Adulthood obesity is positively associated with adipose tissue concentrations of vitamin K and inversely associated with circulating indicators of vitamin K status in men and women. J Nutr 2010; 140: 1029-34. AUTHOR SUMMARY Vitamin K Supplement Along with Vitamin D and Calcium Reduced Serum Concentration of Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin While Increasing Bone Mineral Density in Korean Postmenopausal Women over Sixty-Years-Old Sang Hyeon Je, Nam-Seok Joo, Beom-hee Choi, Kwang-Min Kim, Bom-Taeck Kim, Sat-Byul Park, Doo-Yeoun Cho, Kyu-nam-Kim and Duck-Joo Lee This study is to evaluate effects of vitamin K supplementation on bone mineral density (VMD) in postmenopausal Korean women. 78 postmenopausal women over sixty years old were assigned to either control (Calcium & Vitamin D, n = 40) or vitamin K-supplemented group (Calcium, Vitamin D & Vitamin K, n = 38). After 6 months of treatment, the vitamin K group showed decrease of undercarboxylated osteocalcin and increase of BMD. The Intention to Treat (ITT) analysis showed the same result. Such result is contrary to the previous study in North American postmenopausal women. 1098 http://jkms.org DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2011.26.8.1093