722 Oral solutions B. K. Nanjwade et al.: Oral solutions are usually applied by pediatric patients or patients with inability to swallow a tablet or capsule. Some lipid containing oral solutions are relatively simple formulations, containing a single excipient, while others are complex mixtures of surfactants, solvents, flavour, sweeteners, and salts (see Table 12). Tab. 12. Marketed, lipid-based oral solutions. Marketed formulation Agenerase® Sustiva® Rocaltrol® Active molecule Dosage form Manufacturer Amprenavir Efavirenz Calcitriol Oral solution Oral solution Oral solution GlaxoSmithKline Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Roche Laboratories Inc. Country of sale USA USA USA Oral suspensions Similar to oral solutions, oral suspensions are usually intended for pediatric patients or for patients who cannot swallow a tablet or capsule. The suspensions are supplied in two bottles, the one contains drug encapsulated into solid microcapsules together with polymers and other excipients, while the other bottle contains the diluent composed of medium chain triglycerides, sucrose, lecithin, water, and strawberry flavor. Prior to administration, the contents of the two bottles are mixed to form the suspension (see Table 13). Tab. 13. Marketed, lipid-based oral suspensions Marketed formulation Cipro TM API Dosage form Manufacturer Ciprofloxacin Oral suspension Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc. Country of sale USA Conclusion Lipid-based formulations are an important tool for water-insoluble drugs as they offer the potential for enhancing drug absorption and oral bioavailability. The GI-tract basically influences the performance of lipid-based formulations. Especially the chemistry and nature of the interaction of lipid digestion products with the aqueous contents of the GI- tract changes according to digestion and solubilisation. Solid dosage forms of lipid formulations can improve stability, but may have lower drug loading and higher potential for drug crystallization. Thus, understanding and controlling phase transformations of the formulation are important. Sci Pharm. 2011; 79: 705–727