Review article DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2011.54.2.45 Korean J Pediatr 2011;54(2):45-50 Nonpharmacological management and psychosocial support for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes Jae Ho Yoo, M.D. Department of Pediatrics, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea Received: 11 January 2011, Accepted: 31 January 2011 Corresponding author: Jae Ho Yoo, M.D. Department of Pediatrics, Dong-A University Medical Center, 1, 3-Ga, Dongdaesin-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 602-715, Korea Tel: +82.51-240-2883, Fax: +82.51-242-2765 E-mail: pedendo@dau.ac.kr Copyright © 2011 by The Korean Pediatric Society This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by- nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Compared to that in the Caucasian population, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) incidence rates are very low in Koreans. Therefore, compared to the recent development of pharmacological therapy applicable to Korean children with T1DM, interest in nonpharmacological therapy and psychosocial support systems remains low, as is the development of Korean-style T1DM education programs for therapeutic application. Children who have been newly diagnosed with diabetes are placed in completely new environments for treatment. For appropriate control of diabetes, patients have to self-monitor blood glucose levels and inject insulin several times a day and must use extreme self-control when they eat foods to avoid increases in blood glucose levels. Blood glucose excursions resulting from impaired pancreatic ß cell functions cause mental stress due to vague fears of chronic complications of diabetes. In addition, children with diabetes cannot be excluded from the substantial amount of studies required of Korean adolescents, and the absolute shortage of time for ideal control of diabetes adds to their mental stress. Many of these patients are psychologically isolated in school where they spend most of their time, and they are not appropriately considered or supported with respect to blood glucose control in many cases. In this respect, this author will introduce some of the newest views on nonpharmacological therapy and psychosocial support systems that account for important parts of T1DM management and seek measures to apply them in conformity with the social characteristics of Korea. Key words: Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Exercise therapy, Nutritional support, Psychosocial support systems, Child, Adolescent 45