Cardiovascular Collapse/Methamphetamine Fatality Figure 9. Oxidative stress in RVLM underlied methamphetamine-elicited cardiovascular collapse. Temporal changes in MAP, HR or power density of the LF component of systolic blood pressure signals in rats that received saline, died of METH (24 mg/kg, i.v.) or survived with pretreatment by microinjection of CoQ10 (7 nmol), Mito-TEMPO (500 pmol) or IM-54 (3 pmol) into bilateral RVLM prior to METH administration. Values are mean 6 SEM, n = 6–37 animals per experimental group. *P,0.05 versus Vehicle+Saline group, and +P,0.05 versus Vehicle+METH group in the post hoc Scheff e´ multiple-range test. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0030589.g009 via a glass micropipette connected to a 0.5-ml microsyringe (Hamilton, Reno, NV, USA) [16,52,58]. Test agents used included a mobile electron carrier in the mitochondrial respiratory chain [37], coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10); gift kindly from PharmaEssentia, Taipei, Taiwan); a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant and super- oxide anion scavenger [40,41], [(2-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1- oxyl-4-ylamino)-2- oxoethyl)triphenylphosphonium chloride] (Mito-TEMPO; Enzo Life Sciences, Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA); an oxidative stress-induced necrotic cell death inhibitor [43,63], 2-[1H-indol-3-yl]-3-pentylamino-maleimide (IM-54; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA); a highly selective fluorogenic indicator for mitochondrial superoxide [64], PLoS ONE | www.plosone.org 12 January 2012 | Volume 7 | Issue 1 | e30589