Gremlin Overexpression in Lung Adenocarcinoma Figure 2. Gremlin is significantly overexpressed in lung AD but not lung SCC. A Taqman qRT-PCR was performed using GREM1 probe and a GAPDH control. Data are represented as GREM1 expression normalized to GAPDH expression for each sample. Gremlin expression was higher in AD specimens than matched normals (N = 96, p = 5.438610222). There was no significant change in expression in the SCC samples (N = 65, p = 0.705). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042264.g002 Figure 3. Expression of Gremlin 1 in AD and SCC tumor and normal tissues. AD and SCC tumor samples with matched normal tissue were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis using a rabbit monoclonal anti-human Gremlin antibody. Four representative pairs each of AD and SCC are depicted here. Gremlin appears to be localized in a cytoplasmic dominant manner in AD cancer cells with increased expression in comparison to matched normal tissue. SCC tumor tissue sections do not appear to overexpress Gremlin. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042264.g003 PLoS ONE | www.plosone.org 4 August 2012 | Volume 7 | Issue 8 | e42264