Survival in Macrophages 75. Dunman PM, Murphy E, Haney S, Palacios D, Tucker-Kellogg G, et al. (2001) Transcription profiling-based identification of Staphylococcus aureus genes regulat- ed by the agr and/or sarA loci. J Bacteriol 183: 7341–7353. 76. Bantel H, Sinha B, Domschke W, Peters G, Schulze-Osthoff K, et al. (2001) alpha-Toxin is a mediator of Staphylococcus aureus-induced cell death and activates caspases via the intrinsic death pathway independently of death receptor signaling. J Cell Biol 155: 637–648. 77. Burlak C, Hammer CH, Robinson MA, Whitney AR, McGavin MJ, et al. (2007) Global analysis of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus exoproteins reveals molecules produced in vitro and during infection. Cell Microbiol 9: 1172–1190. 78. Menzies BE, Kourteva I (2000) Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin induces apoptosis in endothelial cells. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 29: 39–45. 79. Shaw L, Golonka E, Potempa J, Foster SJ (2004) The role and regulation of the extracellular proteases of Staphylococcus aureus. Microbiology 150: 217–228. 80. Grundmeier M, Hussain M, Becker P, Heilmann C, Peters G, et al. (2004) Truncation of fibronectin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus strain Newman leads to deficient adherence and host cell invasion due to loss of the cell wall anchor function. Infect Immun 72: 7155–7163. 81. G o´mez MI, Lee A, Reddy B, Muir A, Soong G, Pitt A, Cheung A, Prince A (2004) Staphylococcus aureus protein A induces airway epithelial inflammatory responses by activating TNFR1. Nat Med. 10: 842–848. 82. Proctor RA, von Eiff C, Kahl BC, Becker K, McNamara P, et al. (2006) Small colony variants: a pathogenic form of bacteria that facilitates persistent and recurrent infections. Nat Rev Microbiol 4: 295–305. 83. Drevets DA (1999) Dissemination of Listeria monocytogenes by infected phagocytes. Infect Immun 67: 3512–3517. 84. Join-Lambert OF, Ezine S, Le Monnier A, Jaubert F, Okabe M, et al. (2005) Listeria monocytogenes-infected bone marrow myeloid cells promote bacterial invasion of the central nervous system. Cell Microbiol 7: 167–180. 85. Russell DG (2007) Who puts the tubercle in tuberculosis? Nat Rev Microbiol 5: 39–47. 86. Guzik K, Bzowska M, Smagur J, Krupa O, Sieprawska M, et al. (2007) A new insight into phagocytosis of apoptotic cells: proteolytic enzymes divert the recognition and clearance of polymorphonuclear leukocytes by macrophages. Cell Death Differ 14: 171–182. 87. Karnovsky MJ (1965) A formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde fixative of high osmolarity for use in electron microscopy. J. Cell Biol 27: 137–138a. PLoS ONE | www.plosone.org 16 January 2008 | Issue 1 | e1409