de Fine Olivarius et al. BMC Public Health 2011, 11:80 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/11/80 Page 4 of 13 Table 1 Average changes in visual acuity during the first 6 years after diabetes diagnosis according to baseline patient characteristics Characteristic at diagnosis Category n Average logMAR at diabetes diagnosis 1241 -0.24 Average yearly change in logMAR after diabetes diagnosis -0.0250 Total Sex Age (years) Living alone Education Residence Familial disposition to DM Diagnostic plasma glucose (mmol/l) Haemoglobin A1c (%)c Total cholesterol (mmol/l) Female Male 40- < 60 60- < 70 ≥ 70 Yes No Basic Higher Countryside Larger towns Copenhagen area No Yes < 10 10-< 17 ≥ 17 < 9 9- < 11 ≥ 11 < 6 6-< 7 ≥ 7 588 653 430 377 434 384 835 935 252 486 430 273 659 466 220 706 315 298 347 396 495 366 358 -0.30 -0.19 -0.05 -0.18 -0.47 -0.39 -0.17 -0.26 -0.15 -0.26 -0.24 -0.20 -0.25 -0.23 -0.23 -0.24 -0.24 -0.20 -0.24 -0.25 -0.27 -0.24 -0.20 -0.0343 -0.0160 -0.0068 -0.0125 -0.0769 -0.0527 -0.0158 -0.0293 -0.0114 -0.0269 -0.0211 -0.0211 -0.0314 -0.0195 -0.0227 -0.0281 -0.0193 -0.0239 -0.0347 -0.0195 -0.0190 -0.0297 -0.0277 Test of difference in level of logMAR at diabetes diagnosisa Un- adjusted p Age and sex adjusted p Test of difference in change of logMAR after diabetes diagnosisb Un- Age and adjusted sex p adjusted p 0.001 0.070 0.0006 0.017 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 0.0009 < 0.0001 0.002 0.006 0.41 0.67 0.98 0.008 0.56 0.30 0.60 Median decimal acuity at diabetes diagnosis Median decimal acuity 5.6 years after diabetes diagnosis 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 0.80 (0.67-1.00) 0.90 (0.67-1.00) 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 0.80 (0.60-1.00) 1.00 (0.67-1.00) 1.00 (1.00-1.00) 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 0.70 (0.60-0.95) 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 0.80 (0.67-1.00) 0.60 (0.40-0.80) 0.80 (0.67-1.00) 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 0.67 (0.50-0.90) 1.00 (0.70-1.00) 1.00 (0.70-1.00) 1.00 (0.90-1.00) 0.80 (0.60-1.00) 1.00 (0.70-1.00) 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 0.80 (0.63-1.00) 0.80 (0.63-1.00) 0.80 (0.67-1.00) 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 0.90 (0.67-1.00) 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 0.80 (0.67-1.00) 0.80 (0.60-1.00) 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 1.00 (0.70-1.00) 0.90 (0.67-1.00) 0.80 (0.60-1.00) 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 0.90 (0.67-1.00) 0.80 (0.67-1.00) 0.58 0.76 0.041 0.028 1.00 (0.75-1.00) 0.80 (0.63-1.00) 0.93 0.47 0.36 0.063 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 0.80 (0.63-1.00) 0.45 0.35 0.083 0.071 1.00 (0.80-1.00) 0.80 (0.67-1.00) 0.22 0.55 0.20 0.076 1.00 (0.70-1.00) 0.80 (0.60-1.00)