De Bels et al. Journal of Medical Case Reports 2012, 6:20 http://www.jmedicalcasereports.com/content/6/1/20 9. File TM Jr, Plouffe JF Jr, Breiman RF, Skelton SK: Clinical characteristics of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection as the sole cause of community- acquired pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis 1999, 29:246-248. 10. Miyashita N, Fukano H, Okimoto N, Hara H, Yoshida K, Niki Y, Matsushima T: Clinical presentation of community-acquired Chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia in adults. Chest 2002, 121:1776-1781. 11. Patroniti N, Zangrillo A, Pappalardo F, Peris A, Cianchi G, Braschi A, Iotti GA, Arcadipane A, Panarello G, Ranieri VM, Terragni P, Antonelli M, Gattinoni L, Oleari F, Pesenti A: The Italian ECMO network experience during the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic: preparation for severe respiratory emergency outbreaks. Intensive Care Med 2011, 37:1447-1457. 12. Patroniti N, Bellani G, Pesenti A: Nonconventional support of respiration. Curr Opin Crit Care 2011, 17:527-532. 13. Peek GJ, Mugford M, Tiruvoipati R, Wilson A, Allen E, Thalanany MM, Hibbert CL, Truesdale A, Clemens F, Cooper N, Firmin RK, Elbourne D, CESAR trial collaboration: Efficacy and economic assessment of conventional ventilatory support versus extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe adult respiratory failure (CESAR): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2009, 374:1351-1363. 14. Australia and New Zealand Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ANZ ECMO) Influenza Investigators, Davies A, Jones D, Bailey M, Beca J, Bellomo R, Blackwell N, Forrest P, Gattas D, Granger E, Herkes R, Jackson A, McGuinness S, Nair P, Pellegrino V, Pettilä V, Plunkett B, Pye R, Torzillo P, Webb S, Wilson M, Ziegenfuss M: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for 2009 influenza A(H1N1) acute respiratory distress syndrome. JAMA 2009, 302:1888-1895. 15. Lynch JE, Hayes D Jr, Zwischenberger JB: Extracorporeal CO(2) removal in ARDS. Crit Care Clin 2011, 27:609-625. 16. Florchinger B, Philipp A, Klose A, Hilker M, Kobuch R, Rupprecht L, Keyser A, Puhler T, Hirt S, Wiebe K, Müller T, Langgartner J, Lehle K, Schmid C: Pumpless extracorporeal lung assist: a 10-year institutional experience. Ann Thorac Surg 2008, 86:410-417, discussion 417. 17. Liebold A, Philipp A, Kaiser M, Merk J, Schmid FX, Birnbaum DE: Pumpless extracorporeal lung assist using an arterio-venous shunt. Applications and limitations. Minerva Anestesiol 2002, 68:387-391. 18. Walles T: Clinical experience with the iLA Membrane Ventilator pumpless extracorporeal lung-assist device. Expert Rev Med Devices 2007, 4:297-305. 19. Grayston JT, Diwan VK, Cooney M, Wang SP: Community- and hospital- acquired pneumonia associated with Chlamydia TWAR infection demonstrated serologically. Arch Intern Med 1989, 149:169-173. 20. Saikku P, Leinonen M, Mattila K, Ekman MR, Nieminen MS, Makela PH, Huttunen JK, Valtonen V: Serological evidence of an association of a novel Chlamydia, TWAR, with chronic coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 1988, 2:983-986. 21. Kalayoglu MV, Libby P, Byrne GI: Chlamydia pneumoniae as an emerging risk factor in cardiovascular disease. JAMA 2002, 288:2724-2731. 22. Hammerschlag MR: Chlamydia pneumoniae and the lung. Eur Respir J 2000, 16:1001-1007. 23. Dowell SF, Peeling RW, Boman J, Carlone GM, Fields BS, Guarner J, Hammerschlag MR, Jackson LA, Kuo CC, Maass M, Messmer TO, Talkington DF, Tondella ML, Zaki SR, C. pneumoniae Workshop Participants: Standardizing Chlamydia pneumoniae assays: recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (USA) and the Laboratory Centre for Disease Control (Canada). Clin Infect Dis 2001, 33:492-503. 24. Loens K, Goossens H, Ieven M: Acute respiratory infection due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae: current status of diagnostic methods. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2010, 29:1055-1069. 25. Kumar S, Hammerschlag MR: Acute respiratory infection due to Chlamydia pneumoniae: current status of diagnostic methods. Clin Infect Dis 2007, 44:568-576. 26. Persson K, Haidl S: Evaluation of a commercial test for antibodies to the chlamydial lipopolysaccharide (Medac) for serodiagnosis of acute infections by Chlamydia pneumoniae (TWAR) and Chlamydia psittaci. APMIS 2000, 108:131-138. doi:10.1186/1752-1947-6-20 Cite this article as: De Bels et al.: Successful treatment of Chlamydophila pneumoniae acute respiratory distress syndrome with extracorporeal membrane oxygenator: a case report and diagnostic review. Journal of Medical Case Reports 2012 6:20. Page 6 of 6 Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central and take full advantage of: • Convenient online submission • Thorough peer review • No space constraints or color ﬁgure charges • Immediate publication on acceptance • Inclusion in PubMed, CAS, Scopus and Google Scholar • Research which is freely available for redistribution Submit your manuscript at www.biomedcentral.com/submit