Maher BMC Public Health 2010, 10:394 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/10/394 Page 6 of 11 Table 3: Key selected indicators of progress in global implementation of measures for HIV and tuberculosis epidemic control Measure HIV Tuberculosis No global figure available in UNAIDS report [46]. Based on data from 12 low and middle- income countries, 20% of people with HIV infection know their status [46]. 5.5 million cases diagnosed and treated in 2007 under programmes in line with global strategy to Stop TB/9.3 million estimated incident cases (59%) [13]. diagnosis (proportion diagnosed among all with HIV or tuberculosis) provision of first-line treatment (proportion receiving treatment among all those needing it) treatment success rate drug-resistance surveillance diagnosis of drug-resistant cases provision of second-line treatment (proportion receiving treatment among all those needing it) ART 4 million/9.5 million at the end of 2007 [46] (42%) No global documentation of overall rate of successful treatment outcome ("highly heterogeneous monitoring systems and the use of non-standardised definitions across programmes create additional hurdles for accurately measuring the success of programmes") [46] Average retention in ART treatment programmes in sub-Saharan Africa was 75% after one year and 62% after two years [47]. 25 countries "were planning or implementing" WHO's global strategy for prevention and assessment of HIV drug resistance [48]. Seven countries have reported results [48]. No global figure available from UNAIDS report [46]. In nine countries reporting results from surveillance of transmitted HIV drug resistance from areas where ART was first used in the country, the prevalence of transmitted resistance was less than 5% [46]. Results of a survey by national HIV programmes in 41 countries showed that 3% of people receiving ART were on second-line regimens [50]. The estimated number of people needing second-line ART is unknown. treatment success rate (among people treated for drug-resistant HIV) No global figure available from UNAIDS report [46]. 85% global treatment success rate in 2006 for patients with sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis treated in line with the global strategy to Stop TB [13]. 75% treatment success rate (patients with sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis) in the WHO Africa region in 2006 [13]. Data from 90,726 patients in 83 countries and territories between 2002 and 2007 [49]. 30,000 cases of multidrug-resistance among people with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed in 2007/353,000 estimated total worldwide (8.5%) [13]. 3,681 cases of multidrug-resistance among people with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis known to be treated in 2007 according to international guidelines/ 353,000 estimated total worldwide cases (1%) [13]. Although "the size of most country cohorts in 2004 was too small to allow any useful analysis", treatment success rate ranged between about 50-70% for cohorts of patients treated according to international guidelines [13].