Variable Age group 40+ 30-39 20-29 ≤19 Education No education Primary and vocational Second, and University Religion Catholics Protestants Adventists Others Province City of Kigali Southern Western Northern Eastern Marital Status Married Cohabiting Singles/Living alone Knowledge of MC Don’t know Removal of the entire foreskin Removal of the foreskin partially Reasons to circumcise STI (No) STI (Yes) Hygiene (No) Hygiene (Yes) 1.00 2.89 (2.01, 4.14)*** 4.36 (3.05, 6.24)*** 4.76 (3.04, 7.47)*** 1.00 1.41 (1.00, 2.00)* 2.51 (1.43, 4.41)** 1.00 1.34 (1.01, 1.78)* 1.07 (0.69, 1.64) 1.33 (0.40, 4.42) 1.00 1.10 (0.59, 2.05) 1.48 (0.79, 2.77) 0.98 (0.52, 1.84) 2.10 (1.10, 4.02)* 1.00 1.55 (1.09, 2.19)* 3.06 (2.24, 4.18)*** 1.00 2.16 (1.53, 3.05)*** 2.26 (1.65, 3.09)*** 1.00 2.68 (2.01, 3.57)*** 1.00 2.21 (1.68, 2.89)*** 1.00 3.04 (2.06, 4.48)*** 3.11 (2.03, 4.76)*** 2.90 (1.52, 5.56)*** 1.00 0.96 (0.64, 1.44) 0.99 (0.51, 1.90) 1.00 1.14 (0.82, 1.58) 0.82 (0.50, 1.34) 2.41 (0.60, 9.72) 1.00 1.61 (0.80, 3.26) 1.81 (0.88, 3.73) 1.03 (0.50, 2.13) 2.93 (1.40, 6.13)* 1.00 1.30 (0.87, 1.93) 2.40 (1.50, 3.85)* 1.00 1.50 (1.01, 2.24)* 1.59 (1.09, 2.31)* 1.00 2.12 (1.52, 2.95)*** 1.00 2.20 (1.60, 3.03)*** 1.00 1.18 (0.78, 1.79) 1.83 (1.18, 2.82) 1.05 (0.64, 1.72) 1.00 1.24 (0.83, 1.87) 2.17 (1.02, 4.64)* 1.00 0.81 (0.57, 1.15) 0.78 (0.47, 1.30) 1.11 (0.24, 5.22) 1.00 0.91 (0.43, 1.94) 1.04 (0.48, 2.25) 0.71 (0.33, 1.53) 1.72 (0.75, 3.92) 1.00 1.30 (0.84, 2.03) 1.11 (0.76, 1.60) 1.00 2.64 (1.74, 4.00)*** 4.05 (2.72, 6.04)*** 1.00 4.00 (2.85, 5.59)*** 1.00 3.01 (2.07, 4.39)*** 1.00 1.07 (0.68, 1.69) 1.62 (0.94, 2.78) 1.47 (0.68, 3.18) 1.00 0.89 (0.56, 1.42) 0.92 (0.39, 2.16) 1.00 0.71 (0.48, 1.05) 0.53 (0.29, 0.94)* 1.93 (0.35, 10.62) 1.00 1.27 (0.54, 2.96) 1.56 (0.65, 3.72) 0.83 (0.35, 1.98) 2.23 (089, 5.57) 1.00 1.20 (0.73, 1.98) 0.86 (0.46, 1.54) 1.00 1.63 (1.02, 2.60)* 2.46 (1.56, 3.86)*** 1.00 2.82 (1.95, 4.09)*** 1.00 2.20 (1.45, 3.34)*** Gasasira et al. BMC Public Health 2012, 12:134 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/12/134 Page 6 of 8 Table 3 Determinants of willingness to circumcise among non Muslim UCM and their support to circumcise their sons, 2010 Determinants of willingness to circumcise Crude OR (95% CI) Adjusted OR (95% CI) Determinants of the support for Son’s MC Crude OR (95% CI) Adjusted OR (95% CI) Significant at *P≤0.05, **P≤0.01, ***P≤0.001 and visual media in Kigali focused on the benefits of MC. This is also similar to Uganda, where the capital city of Kampala has the highest prevalence of MC com- pared to the other regions in the country [14]. The spread of Muslim religion in Kigali could be another explanation where young men are mixing in schools, sports and social events. This effect was evident in Tan- zania where circumcision was found to increase in the ethnic groups (who are traditionally not used to circum- cising) because of contacts with circumcising groups especially in schools and other social mixing [15]. The district of Rusizi in the Western Province sharing the border with The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), had the highest prevalence of circumcision (71%). The close contact and exchange with people in DRC, a coun- try where circumcision is a common practice (97%) [16] could be a strong explanation of such high prevalence. Although after controlling for other variables place for living was not significant anymore. Many participants defined circumcision as a partial removal of the foreskin, including Muslims. This self reported information proclaims the existence of different