Krølner et al. BMC Public Health 2012, 12:191 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/12/191 Page 18 of 25 for proportions and t-tests for continuous variables to verify the adequacy of the randomisation procedure. The baseline data file included 1,121 pupils from inter- vention schools and 1,035 pupils from control schools. There were no significant socio-demographic and out- come differences between intervention-and control groups at baseline except for a significant larger percen- tage of pupils at control schools reporting their parents to be born in Denmark (Table 5). Forty percent of the pupils reached the WHO recommendations of daily FV intake and one fifth accomplished the national recom- mendations. Less than half of the pupils consumed fruit daily and only one fifth of the pupils consumed raw vegetables daily. The proportions of pupils having access to FV at home, in school and leisure time were almost similar in the two samples at baseline (Table 6). One fifth of the pupils did not attend a sports-or youth club. Process evaluation The implementation of the intervention has been moni- tored by a thorough process evaluation throughout the entire intervention period. The purpose of this evaluation was 1) to evaluate the recruitment of schools (barriers and facilitators of participation), 2) to identify barriers and facilitators for the implementation, 3) to collect informa- tion on the intervention dose delivered by the teachers and received by the pupils and on coverage: did it reach all pupils irrespective of e.g. gender and socio-economic Table 5 Baseline characteristics of pupils at intervention-and control schools: socio-demographics and primary outcome measures (significant differences are highlighted in bold, p < 0.05) Intervention sample (N = 1,121) Control sample (N = 1,035) Percentage (N) of pupils reporting the given characteristic N Percentage (N) of pupils Missing reporting the given characteristic N P-value from chi- Missing square test or t- test Abbreviations: FJ = fruit including maximum one portion of 100% natural juice, FJV = fruit including maximum one portion of 100% natural juice plus vegetables, FV = fruit and vegetables, SEP = socioeconomic position, V = vegetables. * Exclusion of pupils who do not have/see mother or father, N = 79 (Intervention sample: mother: N = 10, father: N = 29. Control sample: mother: N = 8, father: N = 32). ** Exclusion of over-eaters defined as pupils eating > 1,000 gram FJV. N over-eaters = 274 (Intervention sample: N = 148, control sample: N = 126). Sociodemographics Boys Mother is unemployed* Father is unemployed* Mothers’ SEP* High (I + II) Medium (III + IV) Low (V + 7) Other (6 + 8) Fathers’ SEP* High (I + II) Medium (III + IV) Low (V + 7) Other (6 + 8) Pupil was born in Denmark Mother was born in Denmark Father was born in Denmark Speaking Danish at home Primary outcomes Mean FJ intake (SD)** Mean V intake (SD)** Mean FJV intake (SD)** Meeting WHO guidelines of eating ≥ 400 g of FJV daily (24-hour recall)** Meeting national guidelines of eating ≥ 21.1% (205) 600 g of FJV daily (24-hour recall)** Eating F daily (FFQ) Eating raw V daily (FFQ) Eating cooked V daily (FFQ) 51.8% (581) 12.0% (134) 6.8% (73) 26.7% (295) 26.7% (295) 23.9% (264) 22.7% (251) 20.1% (218) 37.8% (411) 18.9% (205) 23.2% (252) 95.1% (1060) 83.4% (930) 84.1% (938) 95.7% (1068) 232.3 g/day (197.3) 129.5 g/day (158.0) 361.8 g/day (262.4) 40.7% (395) 48.2% (538) 20.3% (227) 6.3% (70) 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 51.9% (537) 10.5% (108) 5.3% (53) 27.9% (286) 29.9% (307) 21.8% (223) 20.4% (209) 18.9% (189) 41.4% (415) 16.7% (167) 23.0% (230) 95.0% (983) 86.1% (891) 88.3% (914) 96.2% (996) 226.3 g/day (195.8) 142.1 g/day (165.5) 368.4 g/day (262.7) 43.5% (395) 22.1% (201) 48.5% (502) 21.5% (223) 5.7% (59) 0 1 1 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 p = 0.980 p = 0.169 p = 0.237 p = 0.198 p = 0.319 p = 0.988 p = 0.035 p = 0.006 p = 0.597 p = 0.512 p = 0.094 p = 0.588 p = 0.818 p = 0.670 p = 0.891 p = 0.492 p = 0.577