Young et al. BMC Public Health 2011, 11:874 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/11/874 Page 8 of 15 Table 1 Frequencies for categorical predictors at individual and school-level Table 1 Frequencies for categorical predictors at indivi- dual and school-level (Continued) Categorical variables Outcome variables (n = 1698) Any Attempted Suicide (age 15) No attempt 1595 Attempt 103 Highest Suicide risk (age 15) No risk 1539 Risk (attempt or ideation) 159 Any Deliberate Self Harm (DSH) (age 19) [737 missing] No DSH 915 DSH 67 Individual level (n = 1698) Used Psychological service (age 11) No Yes Miss Bullied or tease (age 11) Never Less often Weekly Gender Female Male Social Class (age 11) I II IIIn IIIm IV V Missing Religion (age 11) Protestant Catholic Other None Missing Family (age 15) 2-parent 1-parent Other (reconstituted or other family) School-level (n = 42) [1 missing] School roll Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Denomination Non-denomination school Denomination school N 1470 49 179 904 557 237 856 842 103 432 223 530 241 90 79 642 529 115 229 183 1247 267 184 9 9 9 7 8 26 16 % 93.9 6.1 90.6 9.4 93.2 6.8 86.6 2.9 10.5 53.2 32.8 14.0 50.4 49.6 6.1 25.4 13.1 31.2 14.2 5.3 4.7 37.8 31.2 6.8 13.5 10.8 73.4 15.7 10.8 21.4 21.4 21.4 16.7 19.0 61.9 38.1 Cross-level interaction (n = 1698) Religion & school denomination Matching religion & denomination Mismatching religion & denomination 1643 55 96.8 3.2 parental care and control were associated with respectively a lower and a higher likelihood of suicidality and self-harm. With the exception of our focus on religion, social back- ground covariates were included as control variables and accordingly we do not comment further on their interpre- tation. In univariate analyses, religion was unrelated to sui- cidality or self-harm. With the exception of age 11 school engagement, measures of (poor) school connectedness were associated with increased odds in all outcomes. The majority of theses association were significant, with the remainder marginally significant. Unfavourable perceptions of neighbourhood cohesion and safety/incivilities, but not perceptions of neighbourhood facilities, were also asso- ciated with each suicide, but not self-harm outcome. Of the school level contextual covariates, the only significant univariate association was that between (poor) overall school ethos and self-harm at age 19 (OR 1.45, p = 0.029). Multivariate results Tables 3, 4 and 5 also show the multivariate associations between each covariate and each suicidality outcome Table 2 Descriptive statistics for continuous predictors at individual and school-level Continuous variables (age 15) Individual level (n = 1698) Age 11-Depression Relative age (older than peers) Deprivation (1-7 score) Parental control (centred) Parental care (centred) School perceptions (n = 1698) Age 11-engagement Environment (poorer) Involvement (poorer) (Dis)engagement (poorer) T/P relations (poorer) Neighbourhood perceptions (n = 1698) Neighbourhood cohesion (poorer) Neighbourhood safety/civility (poorer) Neighbourhood facilities (poorer) School level (n = 42) Overall ethos (poorer) School rating (poorer) Mean 15.54 0.17 4.11 -0.01 0.01 -0.05 -0.09 -0.09 -0.10 -0.03 0.00 -0.01 -0.02 0.14 -0.01 SD 3.51 3.65 1.94 1.56 1.56 0.84 4.33 1.98 1.92 1.02 0.99 1.00 1.01 0.84 0.47