Jolly et al. BMC Public Health 2010, 10:439 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/10/439 Table 1 Characteristics of weight management programmes (Continued) Page 5 of 8 0.5 to 1 kg per week (plan aims for 500 kcals deficit/day) Set by individual. Diet>exercise. Diet>exercise. Physical activity Physical activity encouraged, objective to encouraged, with gradually build up to gradual build up to 30 10,000 steps daily. mins moderately intense activity 5 days a week. Not stated Transactional analysis, motivational interviewing; awareness of Ego States. Staged goals: either 1- 1.5 kgs per week with goal of (1 stone) loss or 0.5-1 kg per week with 3.2 kg (7 lb) initial goal. Diet=exercise 45 mins (of 11/2 hour sessions devoted to optional exercise class. Extra exercise sessions may be offered for additional fee. Not stated Stages of change, food Weekly weighing; group Role modelling, group and activity diaries, goal support, group praise for support. Visualisation setting and evaluation of weight loss, new and reframing to progress. decisions and continued support behaviour Rewards for every 3.2 kg commitment even in change. (7 lbs) lost, 5% and 10% absence of weight loss. Rewards for slimmers of body weight. Awards for 3.2 kg (7 lbs) who maintain weight lost and loss of 10% of or lose, slimmer of the body weight. Individual week and certificates support if needed using for 3.2 and 6.35 kg self-monitoring of food (7 lb and 1stone) and emotions, for and milestones. against evaluations, visualisation techniques, personal eating plans. Participants told they can lose 2% of body weight in 12 weeks Diet>activity, but time spent on benefits of physical activity, setting goals and finding activities to fit into life. 5-10% of starting body weight, at a rate of 0.5-1 kg per week over 3-6 months, followed by maintenance Diet=exercise Aim to slowly increase activity levels to achieve 30 minutes of moderate activity, 5 days each week; Process of change [26] (Prochaska & diClemente) Stages of change; motivational interviewing Goal setting; stages of change; self-monitoring via food diary. Goal setting; self- monitoring via food diaries, hunger scale, waist measurements and physical activity. Resources to provide as homework to then discuss in next session or act as personal reflection. Encouraged to make rewards to self for success. 1, 4, 12, 13, 5, 23,25, 26 Weight-loss goal Relative emphasis on diet and exercise Intervention theoretical background Predominant behavioural change techniques used Behavioural change techniques used (Michie categories*) 1, 4, 11, 12, 13, 14, 7, 14, 1, 8, 10, 11, 13, 5, 7, 23, 19 14, 19, 25 1, 6, 8, 4, 12, 13, 14, 19 1, 6, 8, 4, 10, 11, 12, 5, 23, 18, 26 *EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES: 1. Provide general information on behaviour-health link; 2. Provide information on consequences; 3. Provide information about others’ approval; 6. Provide general encouragement; 8. Provide instruction; 9. Model/Demonstrate the behaviour. SELF-MONITORING: 4. Prompt intention formation; 10. Prompt specific goal setting; 11. Prompt review of behavioural goals; 12. Prompt self-monitoring of behaviour; 13. Provide feedback on performance. INTENTION FORMATION AND PLANNING: 5. Prompt barrier Identification; 7. Set graded tasks; 23. Relapse prevention. BEHAVIOURAL TECHNIQUES TO SUPPORT CHANGE: 14. Provide contingent rewards; 15. Teach to use prompts/cues; 16. Agree behavioural contract; 17. Prompt practice; 18. Use of follow up prompts; 19. Provide opportunities for social comparison; 20. Plan social support/social change; 21. Prompt identification as role model/position advocate; 22. Prompt Self talk. SPECIFIC OTHER TECHNIQUES: 24. Stress management; 25. Motivational interviewing; 26. Time management. follow-up by the blinded assessor. People in the com- parator control group and people who are randomised but who do not attend their allocated programme are contacted and a researcher makes an appointment to measure height and weight. During the 12-week programmes the service providers record weights on each visit. The comparator group are weighed at baseline only. Outcome assessment The primary outcome is weight loss at three months fol- low-up. The secondary outcomes are self-reported phy- sical activity using the IPAQ-Short version, weight loss at one year and percentage weight loss at 3 months and one year. At three months after programme start (programme end) the service providers weigh participants. Partici- pants who are no longer attending their allocated pro- gramme are contacted and offered follow-up at home or another convenient location. If participants decline to be followed-up in person, they are asked to provide a self- reported weight, which is recorded as self-report. In addition, the IPAQ-short is administered by phone and participants who have dropped out of their allocated programme are sent an open-ended question asking for their views about the weight loss programme to which they were allocated. The final outcome assessment takes place one year after randomisation. In addition to assessment of their