Soleimanpour et al. Journal of Medical Case Reports 2011, 5:256 http://www.jmedicalcasereports.com/content/5/1/256 discharge. The patient did not report any colic pain dur- ing the follow-up period. On a planned KUB X-ray requested the day after his discharge from the emergency ward, a radiopaque stone was observed. Case 3 was a 38-year-old Iranian man who was referred to our emergency department because of refrac- tory renal colic (resistant to morphine and NSAIDS). The patient had a history of renal colic, and, in spite of receiving treatment with morphine and NSAIDs pre- viously, he had no regression in pain degree (VAS score 10 of 10). His clinical examination revealed tenderness in the left CVA radiating to the genitalia, which was associated with dysuria, urination frequency, and nausea. Abundant RBCs were revealed by urinalysis, and mild hydronephrosis of the left kidney was visualized by ultrasonography. With the patient’s written consent, lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg was administered intravenously. Ten, twenty, and thirty minutes after treatment, the patient’s VAS scores decreased to 0 of 10, 0 of 10, and 0 of 10, respectively. After lidocaine administration, he experienced no adverse events. The patient was followed up in the hospital until he was discharged. His follow- up was extended until the day after discharge and was carried out by telephone. During the follow-up period, the patient reported no colic pain. On a planned KUB X-ray requested the day after his discharge from emer- gency ward, a radiopaque stone was observed. Case 4 was a 28-year-old Iranian woman who was referred to our emergency department because of refrac- tory renal colic (resistant to morphine and NSAIDs). In spite of her previous treatment with morphine and NSAIDs, she had no regression in pain degree (VAS score 9 of 10). Her clinical examination revealed tenderness in her right CVA radiating to the genitalia, which was asso- ciated with dysuria, urination frequency, and nausea. Abundant RBCs were revealed by urinalysis, and mild hydronephrosis of the right kidney was visualized by ultra- sonography. The patient’s written consent was obtained, and lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg was administered intravenously. Ten, twenty, and thirty minutes after treatment, the patient’s VAS scores decreased to 0 of 10, 0 of 10, and 0 of 10, respectively. After lidocaine administration, she experi- enced transient dizziness and slurring of speech for less than one minute. The patient was followed up in the hos- pital until she was discharged. Follow-up was extended and carried out by telephone for more than 24 hours after her discharge. She reported no colic pain during the fol- low-up period. On a planned KUB X-ray requested the day after her discharge from our emergency ward, a radi- olucent stone was observed. Case 5 was a 42-year-old Iranian man who was referred to our emergency department because of refrac- tory renal colic (resistant to morphine and NSAIDs). Although he had previously received morphine and Page 3 of 4 NSAIDs, he had no regression in pain degree (VAS score 9 of 10). His clinical examination revealed tender- ness in the left CVA radiating to the genitalia, which was associated with dysuria, urination frequency, nausea, and vomiting. Abundant RBCs were revealed by urinaly- sis, and moderate hydronephrosis of the left kidney was visualized by ultrasonography. Once the patient’s written consent was obtained, lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg was adminis- tered intravenously. Ten, twenty, and thirty minutes after lidocaine treatment, the patient’s VAS scores decreased to 3 of 10, 2 of 10, and 0 of 10, respectively. After lidocaine administration, the patient did not experience any adverse events. The patient was followed up in the hospital until he was discharged. Follow-up was continued by telephone for more than 24 hours after discharge. The patient reported no colic pain dur- ing the follow-up period. On a planned KUB X-ray requested the day after his discharge from our emer- gency ward, a radiopaque stone was observed. Case 6 was a 35-year-old Iranian man who was referred to our emergency department because of refrac- tory renal colic (resistant to morphine and NSAIDs). In spite of receiving previous treatment with morphine and NSAIDs, he had no regression in pain degree (VAS score 7 of 10). His clinical examination revealed tender- ness in the left CVA radiating to the genitalia, which was associated with dysuria, urination frequency, nausea, and vomiting. Abundant RBCs were detected by urinaly- sis, and moderate hydronephrosis of the left kidney was visualized by ultrasonography. After obtaining written consent from the patient, lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg was admi- nistered intravenously. Ten, twenty, and thirty minutes after treatment, the patient’s VAS scores decreased to 0 of 10, 0 of 10, and 0 of 10, respectively. After lidocaine administration, the patient experienced no adverse events. The patient was followed up in the hospital until he was discharged. Follow-up was carried out by tele- phone for more than 24 hours after he was discharged. The patient reported no colic pain during the follow-up period. On a planned KUB X-ray requested the day after his discharge from our emergency ward, a radiopa- que stone was observed. Case 7 was a 36-year-old Iranian man who was referred to our emergency department because of refractory renal colic (resistant to morphine and NSAIDs). He had pre- viously been treated with morphine and NSAIDs, but he had no regression in pain degree (VAS score 9 of 10). His clinical examination revealed tenderness in his right CVA radiating to the genitalia, which was associated with hematuria, dysuria, and urination frequency. Abundant RBCs were revealed by urinalysis, and moderate hydrone- phrosis of the right kidney was visualized by ultrasono- graphy. After obtaining the patient’s written consent, lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg was administered intravenously. Ten,